Medium-term trial of the toxicity of pyraclofos sprayed on the white Bandama with in the framework of the onchocerciasis control programme: report n°4, November 1989

.t ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL PROGRMME IN WEST AFRICA PROCRAMME DE LUTTE CONTRE L-ONCHOCERCOSE EN AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST ECOLOGICAL GROUP Eleventh session Kara, 27 February-2 March 1990 (l)uyarouiology, University of Kankan, Republic of Guinea, Rese;rrcher, l{ydrr:bir:logy Unit, Kankan Onclro Projcct. 8i 0cP/vcu/HYBro/ 90 .5 ORIGINAL: FRENCII MEDIUM-TERM TRIAL OF THE TOXICITY OF PYRACLOFOS SPRAYED ON THE WHITE BANDA},IA WITHIN ITIE FRAMEWORK OF THE ONCI{OCERC IASIS CONTROL PROGRAI'IME by Fanf ode 11en4s( I) Reporc No.4 November 1989 l. t 2- I. INTRODUCTION The Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) is based largeLy on Ehe control of the vector, Simulium damnosuro s.1., to interrupt transmission of the filarial disease (onchocerclasis). Temephos (or Abate R), an organophosphorus lnsecticlde, has been used for many years now ro control the blackfly larvae. OCP has found iL necessary, for sorDe years norr, Eo screen new products because of several facEors lncluding: (1) the appearance in 1980 of temephos resistance in two species, S. sanctipaull and S. soubrense, belonging to the S. dannosum complex; (2) the forthcoming removal of chlorphoxim from Ehe replacement insecticides selected (L. Yam6ogo, 1989, pers. conm.). This product is more toxic to the non-targeE fauna and Ehe blackflies have developed reslstance Eo it rapidly. This resisEance seems, however, Eo be less r stable than thac observed for tenephos. These facts have made it necessary Eo incenslfy the Erial of new insecEicides or new formulations. IE is wit,hin Ehis framework t,hat pyraclofos, an organophosphorus insecticide, was selected for an operational trial aE the dose of O.l ng/l/ I0 min. on the Whlce Bandama in Cot,e d'Ivoire during Ehe rainy season. This product is used as an insecticide for the eventual replacemenE of chlorphoxim (organophosphorus insecricide). This sEudy concerns Ehe impact of pyraclofos on the lotic invertebraEe fauna during Che first five cycles of weekly EreaErDenE. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three stations were selected for Ehe monitoring of the ent.omofauna. They were: Souroukoudougou, Bema-upstream, and Ehe Tripongo dam (control st.aEion). But, as far as we are concerned, Bema-upstrean rras our uonitoring sta[ion. There were E\.ro spraying poinEs on Ehe aforementioned staEion. The firsE was locaEed 300 neEres fron che sampling poinE and the second at the confluence with Ehe Solomougou, 13.4 km upscream (Fig.1), for the first week. ModificaEions were made during the following four weeks (Table 2). The moniEoring was carried ouE by a team led by F. Konde. was Ehe one escablished by OCP (Annex 2). The prot,ocol used Because of uhe high water level during chis rainy season, we used a moored boaE in a rapidly flowing stretch for the drift sanples (for the first Ehree weeks of moniEoring). As regards the last week, the samples lrere taken wiEhout using a boaE. There u/as no monic.oring during che fourEh week, rather we rnade qualiEative observaEions a few hours before and after treatnent. -3 All the drift collecEions were made for two mlnutes with Ewin necs 12 cm in diamet,er. Scill because of che wat.er level, it was impossible during the first. five spraylng cycles to Eake Surber samples, Ehe rock slabs being deeply submerged. III. RESULTS III.I ParameEers recorded and expression of resulEs CurrenE speeds: The currenE speeds and'flltered volumes are given in Table t. The current speed was esEabllshed three times per 24-hour cycle (once aE 07h00, once aE I4h00 and once at 20h00). As regards Ehe volumes of filtered water durlng the drifts collecced from 06h00 to I2h00, 12h30 to 16h00, and I7h00 to 02h00, they were estimated according Eo Ehe current, speed Eaken at 07h00, 14h00 and 20h00 respect ive Iy . The physico-chenical data are given in Table 3. - The drifE sampling data are given in Annex l. lll.2 Short-term inpact (a) First week of larvicidlng It should be recalled t,hat there were two spraying points upsEream from our sampling poinr: Ehe first was at 300 metres - L2h25, and Ehe second aE 13.4 km - 12h14. Only 4 hours 56 min. after Ehe pyraclofos spraying which took place around 12h14, a massive deEachroenE of 0rrhocladiinae (tlggg3-l"g.gg), Chironomini and t.hen Hydropsychidae was observed (Fig.2, 3 and 4). Generally speaklng, Ehe DipEera were the most affected. It is evidenE chat this f8h00 peak, which is discinct from Ehe increase due t.o Ehe noct.urnal activity of che organisms, was caused by the acEion of the t.reacment made at the 13.4 km poinr. 0n the ocher hand, Ehe EreatmenE made aE the 300-metre point does not seem to have had any effect. A slighE drift increase is observed, Ehe maximum increase ratio of which is 15.3. The short-Eerm impacc of pyraclofos went unnot.iced. The following hypochesis can be put forward Eo explain this phenomenon. Pyraclofos has a great carry but the producE did not get sufficient time to dissolve and be absorbed by the organisms because of the much reduced distance. 0bservation of Ehe curve of che tocal drif c indic-es (Fig.2 ) sl'rows thar Ehe intensity of the drift from I2tr30 to 16h00, i.e., after spraying, is almosE sirnilar to Ehat recorded before spraying. IE is difficulc Eo interpret che night drifcs because the post- treatmenc drift. does not present any increase. Moreover, the pre- EreaEmenc night drift is greater chan Ehe post-EreatmenE one. Ihis implies chat che organisms were not subjected to any ocher irlsecticide wave. Ir should be not.ed rhat the samples collected conEained almosL only early instars. (b) Second and fifth weeks The treat,menEs were roade at I .5 km and 'I7 .3 kn during these Ewo weeks(Table 2). Contrary to the flrsc spraying, Ewo peaks are observed for the second week; the first. just after Ehe EreatmenE aE 1.5 km at 10h20 and the second peak at O7h26 after the treaEmenE at 17.3 krn aE 09h34. Just. as Ehe firsE week, Ehe night drift does noE presenE any increase(Fig.5 and 6). The CenEropEilum * BaeEis seem to be less affecced. IE should be noEed rhat Ehe pre-EreaEment. night drift is almost similar to the pos E-treaEment one (Fig.7 ). The curve obtained for E,he 41st week is comparable Eo EhaE of che 38th week. However, it should be noted Ehat Ehe first peak due to the ErearmenE aE I.5 kn is far above rhac of I7.3 km (fig.8,9 and 10). The increase in Ehe drift rate was due mainly to Ehe Orthocladiinae, Hydropsychidae and Caenidae. The larvae conEained in che drifE sanple Eaken during these Ewo weeks were only very early instars. No absence of Eaxon was observed. III.3 Iledium-term impacr In order co assess t.he medium-t.erm evolution of the aquatic inverEebraEe populations, we measured che abundance of the fauna in place by considering the drifts from 14h00 to 22h00 on Ehe eve of each spraying. Ic is observed, for che whole fauna, EhaE Ehe drift indices are relatively stable for Ehe firsc Ehree weeks. A decrease in c.he drifc index appears for the 4lst week. IE is difficult Eo explain E,his phenomenon. We prefer to wait. for subsequenE resulEs Eo beEEer evaluate this medium-term impact. Considering all lhe results, including those of the 5th cycle (4lsc week) which seem Eo be aE variance wit.h the oEhers, we can affirm thac there seems to be a "habiLuationtr phenomenon for the whole fauna. There is Eherefore the possibility of regenerat.ion of Ehe inverEebraEe stocks as long as the river is subjected to the action of pyraclofos. D ISCUSS IONSIV AE Bema, a maximum maximun increase ratios Hidetrx, 1984), 40 for ca cyphenothrin (F. Kondc,, Increase ratio of 15.3 ranging from 744 to l, rbosulf an (Schorscher, l988). has been noEed, compared t.o 372 f.oc permethrin (Elouard and 1985) and 118.3 to I72.8 for tl l Ic ls normal for lnsecEiclde impacE Eo be felE more when Ehe spraying point is near to Ehe sampling poinc (Ms. Schorscher, 1985). But this phenomenon was noE observed aE aI1 in t.he case of the pyraclofos spraying during the flrst week aE Ehe 300-mecre polnt and the second week at, Ehe 1.5 kn point (Fig.2 and 5). Figure 5 shows a second peak 5 hours afEer the first. This second peak, which is greater f.han the first. and disE,incE from the lncrease due Eo Ehe nocturnal act,ivity of the organisms, was caused by che action of the EreatmenE aE Ehe 17.3 km point aE 09h34. It was impossible Eo take Surber samples because of t.he water leve1. If only the resulEs of the drift cycles are considered, iE appears chat pyraclofos is not very toxlc Eo Ehe non-t.arget inverE,ebrace f auna. Figure I1 presenEs Ehe drift curves made for the eve of ehe Ereatments during the first five weeks. A decrease in the drifc index is noted for the ,fifth week compared to Ehe pre-treaEmenE index (lsc week). Persist,ence of and increase in this decrease in che coming weeks would indicat.e a decrease in t.he density of Ehe entomofauna which could be arEribuced Eo the effect of pyraclofos. The fact thaL only early instars seem Eo have been affecred and E.he non- disappearance of any taxon supporE the hypothesis of a very low toxicity of the product. The pyraclofos EreatmenE of rhe Whire Bandama has rherefore not. led to noEable short-Eerm changes. V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The first five weeks of monitoring Ehe non-EargeE invertebraEe fauna Ehan If subsequent morriEoring result.s of the weeks obtained by us, iE is recommended show chaE. pyraclofos is far less Eoxic to permeEhrin, carbosulfan and cyphenoEhrin. OCP team confirm Ehose for Ehe first five to replace chlorphoxim with pyraclofos. l' 6- VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY DEJOUX (C) eE ELOUARD (J.M.), L977. Action de l-Abace sur les inverr6br6s aquatiques. Cin6tique de d6crochemenE I court eE moyen terme. Cahier, ORSTOM, 56rie llydrobiologie t1(3): ZLl -230. ELOUARD (J.M.), 1984 - Thdse de docEorat. ELOUARD (J.M.) et HIITEUX (P) 1984. Test i moyen Eerme de la Eoxicic6 de 1a permeEhrine 6pandue sur 1e Sassandra dans le cadre du Programme de luEEe contre 1-Onchocercose. Rapport. ORSTOM Hydrobiologie, Bamako No.3 d6cembre 84- F. KONDE,1987 - Apport i la d6rive d-un bief d-eau couranEe. RapporE de fin de sEage,0RSTOM Hydrobiologie, Bamakor T3 p. F. KONDE, 1988 - Test i moyen Eerme de la toxicit6 de la Cyphenochrine 6pandue sur le Bandama blanc dans Ie cadre du Programme de luEEe conEre l-onchocercose. SCHORSCHER (J.A.) - Test i Moyen Eerme de la coxicit6 du carbosulfan 6pandu sur le Bandama Blanc dans le cadre du Programme de lutce cont.re l-Onchocercose. YAMEOGO (L) et at, 1986 - Evolution de l-impact 5 moyen cerme sur les inverc6br6s aquaEiques de t,raiEemenEs hebdomadaires de carbosulfan. Rapport oCP/VCU/Hydrobio. YAME0GO (L), 1989 - Toxicic6 de la cyph6norhrine pour Ia faune aquatique non- cible en milieu tropical - Rapport pr6liminaire de synEhese. oCP/VCU/Hybio/89.I . Dnift lndices {mean of the indices) o)Oulc) I -_l . ruO AOL,Ooo -Tl H G) N) -l{ .: (D oJ tt3(! fr v 7S { .D o fi3(D f fi(, oo3 + t I 7( \ 1, tl*- EL I l '-t i 1 I1 l IJ I l I ! I I I IJ I I l I I l -i I 't _l I I I 1 IJ I I N)l' UJJ \ --r tn -T CT CD J n) c)l' Nfu (I) J m = O:, Nlr -tts. =ro -f 6 I E -) rD It't --1 cD o) ct rDf, - -D Cf(n - I(-t' oJ('t 3(D f, (-l ? .\ .-oJ )I u. tJ) ftOJ -1-f rD H. rc ru :l(f -i--- .-+ ?' .: -) -: I r-r :rlo r-rJor ".i) FJ -l T'l (-t H. =6 -t\ :f r-+' P. _l H. n rn a , I I I I I I ---q, \ -4---- €--\ .- '''+ .> r' _--8 l. oloUIo!o (}] On]oo Dnift indices (mean of the indices) |so l._.._. - _-L l.________- I _-__ __]--__ | I I I { ::r H-nH3G) fi, or t!J o_ or fn fo -l --n C P. -l nH' rio {f rDPc: ---tr O tl-U -) 1:. OJ 1-1-n r-1-C] n cl H'a:l(-r a -l mP'or r-)3mcoa f r.f r):ro lJ. -l(]]: :f Ll(f= =P' ls)ol P. l- (o J r\) n) J { -, (! o,fr (! f CT 3 Ax3 -"t -: (D o)n3(t ffr t, oo3 ! _{:r P. =rDO :I :ln)(J =ul,;o s =r (JI ::rt!o CO:, tu J g) :, to ::r nJ ::r OI(t =ro cl o) o. H. )J. :l ol(D Drift indices (mean of the indices) o)oUlOAoCa)oruO )4oc) ----r---. -) (D o, fi3o ffr P Ax3 .: (o al aa3(D aa(, o() !:r H.o:r LdJ ls o)J r:(o ::r N nJ:t -{ :T o = N ::rt,o l*s:r UI:r LdO CDJ ru l: ::r o,J tc) ::r ): N ::r =(o J Cf C -l a I cf(D Jfr -) oE(t P. P c =+B o)(D rf m + ]t o --l cl ro a r) =P. o. o) rD -rl H P A Trt (f FJ C r-1- P. o f O --t D. -l H. C-t' P. :l(]- H. r) CD a E(D o -) cD o., =ct OJ __tr ri m -l --J a (-f € mx o '-tr E -l OJ r) o o a ft a rD c-t =m :l rr- I Dnift indices (mean of the indices) ru(raulg)!cDlooc)oooooooo (o :,I -Tl H G) U] OJ -) H. OJ r-f P. Of a rI) r,) C] :fo =(D (D T Cf -n E ol r) o '-'li o a rf .: CD a) Cf3(D : rt )vs' -{ -) (D o rt a(t :l(1 ! ;x3 j -<-- .:\ o\ a,/$ ./3\ \. -+ur ./' xz'a<' \ >L , --' __ -trts -)o(D:, r(.t)t-o -f cDFo, :trt- ul =ofi) '-'t ts rr =(, o (JJ :r Lt) c) Jll -: ul =:,m =f --lcf :I c -:gF LO = n) :T F. :f C-r o af OJ J"'-'- --4'/' cf_ -l H. -tl rt P. _l O- P. r] CD a nJ :l' -u o a(+ ,\J| :f'ca -l (D o]rr toBJ rD :fri' EJ u)o CBO'-iOotoUIoboUJOruOtsoo Dnift indices (mean of the indices) .-)=.-r< -I P o.) rn C) C ri H. C] :l O -f. (]- I P. --+r rt P. Cf. H. rD UN (I' (D -n Cf -: TD of E. oJ '-n rt rD -) tJ) CD r) o :l cl- { m o iC o '-+r '13 -l OJ n -n cl tn rt -) (D oJ rt- = co :l af o c, t"3o \,1 t,r -l ro 0rft3 Gl :,ft i,r a .j II I I '1i I 1 -t J I -,1 .l Ii I ! c) -f F:(, =r l: o) ::r (o :r N ::r \l -'t- o:, ::r t!O Lr.)J ,JI T co:, :, (I) = LO ::r --lP. =C! C] a 0 r) -T ts. -l of cl =ts. f X C, -) rt ::r o.)o H. P. = (D G)O!Oo)oUIo(,oruoO Dnift indices (mean of the indicesl s c) _1._-___j_ __ _l-*._-_l - ____j.,_*_= *J _Ll!EJ r5(J rD lJ =)rt -l |: o(,EJfr P'r. o)CJ =+Re CDJ c't r-.N aN :, ){ =CB Fso (3r: -l =rUI UJO |s t :T LNJ ! ll5 CN :Tr :n: F C]E|.J,CI, r):r ir- Ior) (D TDq-n(] ;G) OJ :l -!a OJn t-nff ..'rI)\ -)C) ln (-) +o[r :l ts-acl {f CD CDTO o -n 0 olfr 3 ,nJr :(, x3 d -) (! o,fr3(D fft i,r =t -Tl P. '-ar (-'t' 5 z rD CD ,( (f -1 't3 -l (U C) lr o -tr Cf, a - CD gJ r?3 co :f 11- -l-l P m OJ -l H. OJ d- P. O :l F. = FFSG(O()tsf\)oooooFruuJsulcn'{oooooooo CNx3 Dnift indices (mean of the inOices) l \ _/ -uq (f) a(-t I 'rfm -lJ (D OJ - =F(Dof,:,(t -f -,(!(t o, o, rt al33(!(D :rffrfi lslc) :t 1l -f !s(Drsl=rT -l m o,('i' N I:Y CD :f(-t lA t,lJ:, Cf Cf rt OJ l---J O- -) H" -h/+ t). :f cl_ H. TJ ID LN -'-;:>s' ,*-' l:s ::r -{P. =g)rDJ 9cDL -f I N(f, J NN:, * tstj!6((]ONo)UIAtr)n)o Dnift indices (mean of the indices) I _--_-l_ I ___I__._..L___L___-J ____-t--1 t!(D -n clI fD o)f o o) --h ft rD -l -r --n rt ::r {(D (D 7r o '-tr E -l o] r) C] n(] a (-f CD qJ rf =rI,f rf -) ')(o(! oro(l a?33 at(!Jf ai- .{ tn xtdar 3 {J tso:r ls(, f 0lf ls(o :, N]NJ !J tsO ::r :,(,(3 (, f |s UI:, co ::r ru ::r ol :, LO -I -{ H. =(o f o C -l a o cfJ lJ' 1 c) =(] =H.f H. x (f -: c'tJ o r) o,(f,- P. P. :f OJ(D -=-)x _x '1---' -.----x -n P to rn O H C r-t- H. O f Cf (]_ I H. --tt d- P. :l(]- H. r) CD 6 o<,--- --g-....-=- -.--H ----.He-=--..-- tUnift indices (mean of the indices) ls(oo oo TStUUJSUICI!CDOOC)OOOOOO -Tl H P O ul(I) -tr c] -) r0 a) :l cf" OJ -n{'t CD I n P. n(-t' J { o m - cl -o --l OJ c') ts o n(] It ct -(D O) =(D rt {J lAo:, u):, C'J ts(! J N ru :I --l J O :T ts ::r L)o UJ ::r LN ::r Fs CD =r ru J CD = to J { tL. =rD 3 cl C -f a r c) rD :f(1' -) cl 13(t P. c3 +E OJ CD rf a t --r- cL --l OE a c)J H. a o)(D rn C] C rl- C] :l Cf --+r (f_ I H. -n :l tl_ H. [.) CD u) -) :'l!5 o,ol|l|fr5ao6 :,Jftd '{otII u.,dT 3J -Tl H P ts ts OJ -f H. OJ r-r H. O = E -f (-D I 'af -l rD OJ d- =CD l rf O rf OJ (f_ -f P. --tr -- H' :f C- F. T) rD a t!(D =o, loJ 3o :l rf @ o,f a OJ =oJ CI o, :l r) e =o-(D -f '1:] -l o) C) cf --n O a tTF.PtsruNn)ruN(lJ(,,JUJ('ru 5 6) o o ru a o, o o ru s o, co o ru s cD Dnift indices (mean of the indices) l__r r L.__1.-_l_- | L*J._ t_ \-- or 3n ${= rD(D(D(D i( 7s P. l !( \.- \ ------ ,/ \ .r/\/ \/' ,t -( u'\ ,/\ ,/\ .'\ -1 i I I iI I I I I i -{ I I I I i I I -t UI:t rs olJ ! =r l: CD :T (o :f -t P.3 CD :,(f -l a I D 1 ts-] =l ul ru I cif I:r(f I ,> -..1 I I I I I == n)CD(ot5G} (D :Ii( ,( N n] = ' Table l: Current. speed and volumes f i lc,ered in 2 min. Ehrough Err,in necs Week PERIOD Speed in(m3/sec. ) FiIEered volumes ,3/ " Date Time 37 13/09 /8e 7h00 14h00 20h00 L = 0.67 R = 0.67 L = 0.74 R = 0.74 L = 0.79 R = 0.72 0 .909 0.909 I .003 l .003 I .071 0.976 L4loelse 7h00 14h00 20h00 L = 0.73 R = 0.77 L = 0.9I R = 0.93 L = 0.69 R = 0.70 0.990 1.044 t.234 L .261 0.936 0.949 L5/0e/89 7h00 L = 0.70 R = 0.69 0 .949 0.936 ih00 L = 0.69 R = 0.65 0.936 0.881 38 20/9/8e 7h00 i4h00 20h00 L = 0.69 R = 0.65 L = 0.80 R = 0.78 L = 0.60 R = 0-70 0.936 0.88r i .085 1 .058 0.814 0.949 2Llelse 7h00 14h00 20h00 L = 0.79 R = 0.78 L = 0.73 R = 0.73 L = 0.66 R = 0.74 1.071 r .058 0.99 0.99 0.895 l .003 22/e /8e 7h00 L = 0.67 R = 0.73 0.909 0 .99 39 27 /e/8e 7h00 20h00 L = 0.73 R = 0.79 L = 0.71 R = 0.73 0.99 I .071 0.963 0.99 4L Lt/ro/8e 7h00 14h00 20h00 L = 0.07 R = 0.03 L = 0.04 R = l.I4 L = l.Il R = l.16 I.45r 1.397 1.410| .546 r.505 t.573 12/r0/8e 7h00 14h00 20h00 L = 1.18 R = 1.24 L = l.2l R = 1.23 L = 0,75 R = 0.8,1 1.600 I .681 r .641 r.668 l.0t7 I .139 t3/ to/8e 7h00 L = 0.87 R = 0.89 I.179| .207 aTable 2: TreaEmenE tlmetable - discharge and quanE,lty of pyraclofos uEilized lst spraying polnE 2nd spraying point Week Date of treaEmenE Time Discharge(mr/s ) Quanticy pyraclo- fos (L) Dis Eance 1(km) Distance2 (krn) Tine 37 38 39 40 4L L4lOelse 2L/ 0e / 8e 28/ 09 I 8e s/Lol8e L2/rAl89 12h,25 r0h22 th24 r 0h58 I 0ht0 5r8 399 306 158.5 130 62 48 37 19 15 .6 0.3 r.5 t.5 I.5 1.5 13.4 L7 .3 L7 .3 L7 .3 1.7.3 12h14 th34 thl I 10h54 t0hl 3 Table 3: Physlco-chemical paramet.ers at Bema Week Date Time Tempera- ture (oc ) PH Conduct iv. ( Umho/cm) Secchi di sk (cm) ObservaEions 37 L3/r0/8e L4/Oe/8e 7h00 I 4h00 20h00 25 26 23 6.4 u:, 40 42 t2 t2 Sampling sEarted 07h00. Drizzle from 07h00 to 10h00 7h00 14h00 20h00 26 26 26 6.4 u:o 38 o: 32 32 Rain from 14h30 ro 15h30 Ls/ 09 / 8e 7h00 26 6.3 38 42 Low water level 38 20/09/8e 7h00 14h00 20h00 26 27 27 6.3 u:o 34 34 40 39 Rain from 07h00 to 10h00 2L/09/89 7h00 14h00 20h00 27 26 26 6.4 6.4 38 39 39 .5 Moonlight 22/ Oe / 8e 7h00 26 6.3 40 39 39 27 l0e/89 14h00 20h00 27 27 6.4 43 38 LL/rO/89 7h00 I4h00 20h00 26 27 26 38 3B 40 o: Moonlight L2l 10189 7h00 14h00 20h00 26 2B 27 37 40 39 3B Rain bet,ween 01h00 and 02h00 L3/ LO/8e 7h00 26 38 29 N.B.: During the 40th week, 5/LO/89, qualitative observarions were made at Bema- upstream, a few hours before and afEer EreaEment. ResulE: nothing special to report. ANNEX 1: Trial of pyraclofos on White Bandama (C6ce d'Ivoire). Drift net sampling made 24 hours before and 24 hours after each treatment, except during the 4oth freatmenc week. Drift indices per taxon and per collection. TABLE _ ANNEX 1.1 _ Drift indices per taxon and per First. week of treatment, from 13 Spraying on t4/9189 at t2h25 and co I lect ion to 75/9/89. t2hr4. LE I T. a. ,1. t -*f--6o iF-FF9 ! i! I f=:.3. I 3 i Ftr trtttt ---i--__i_I - -- t -t---t- -- l -:.= l-:--:-l-I ---- I - -- ! ---- !. . ---- | -t:- i:-=-- I -t---_t_ r ---- l -:-:- i-:=-l= :: i==:=iti----t-| __€_ I _ -- i ---- I - =:D i.--=-l-.----I- :D- i-:=-i: .oc--t- -- | ---= i - I ---- r - -='i-==-i-i--c-i- -P i-==-l= --- i:::: i:L i ;:r:_:- l:_ = i -=== l- c- i 6 -i---_t_L:L:.L:.IL -t_---i..i-: :-L;:- t: -i-__-t_:-iLL:-LIL ' -i=-==l= =i-=--i:G_ I _ - I --_- t_ -- | - - I ---- l- -i-..=-i- -- I - -i--=-l-6_ I _ =i-===i=c- i - - i ---- I _ -i-:-=-1,- __ t _ = i -=-:- I - - i-=== i,- -i----l- --- I - --i--__l_L:- i LL:L:: --i--.-._i_b;: ;:,:L: Li- _: :.Li:-L;.L.t:-il -- i *--_ I ^A:,:L:6*L iL --: --_-: _:-LiLL_;.i: --i-___t_ -Li::_L:L - - : - _ .. _ I _;-;, L::;: ; --: ____ i -;L::-:..:_L: L =- i:'-.- i- --i____i_ : I I:E=ltt:t I I I I ---l-- l= E tl I I IT--:lLl-t:ILl-t: l-t- I l:- Il:-t- :-i- lL i:- i:- i:i- != l- i- l: lLl- t- l-t:t: I Il-t- t:r=.i., EEE *1,:- I 3 ? ff.; F tir. I =ni-==a li+ = -= E'.:.= I t: Ettg!:Ir.::iiri-S-fr:-.-E; I-I Fv;== ffiE:,:ts;i r':- il.. LLLF r-:. q L:.Lt' f"--- i' tr-|. - -:- i: :- :-:. lq :.LLi -:'- i --- / :.:- L G .3':DF .''ii :. - :''- - -:. '-. !--a P :.:-L i LL:. i''--- 't--:- L :-I - -l I : LI --lL :-l :- Ll - -l L Li L L! t!,:. r:- :. :.t-- t:. !. -!-!- 'ar.t_i' ',,'inf;: ,j'1' . . q-q\r .'. ' 'i . ' rlli:i .:. -. -.. !.-. .,..: lo-ucrUlu{ur-lluc 'u.tu!,l! tt ll llrl0tI ll la lc ! c I I tt tc ! c I ! lll lltc00 l0l ttl l:i!N!r! llr lltlc! rL.tir t.l l.l t.t l.l l.t t.t t.t !.t t.t l.r l.l l.l l.t t.t l.t t.t t.t 0.t l.a t.t t.l 1.0 t.l l.ll.t Ll r.r t.t r.r t.t t.t t.t t,t t.l !.t r.t t.0 t.! t.t t.0 1,0 l.t l.t 0.t 1.0 t.t t.0 r.t l.l t.r r,t r.t t.l t.t l.t U.t tl,l ,,1 ll.l l.l l.l lr I l{.1 t.! l.l r.lt.t t.r t.tt.t t.t t,tl.l Lt t.t t,! 1.0 r. t r.l !. t 1.0 0.rI.t 0.1 0 r t.l i.{ 0.0 t.c c.0 0.i tftiitA.ilLitirttr lr(Ftrrrata.. 0.0 i.0 t.t l.t t.t l.t t.t 1.0 c.0 t.0 t.t !.0 !.t t.t t.! 0.0 1.0 0, t 1,0 e.c t.! t.0 :.00,t l.t e.t 0.r 0.t r_l$odrer Iftrrtrff& lutrll$trA Ilrloltm 0.0 1.0 c.t t.l+--l-.----...-.-irirrlir".' i r.r r.r ;rt !l!. I f{Fatlur I l.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t,! l.t t.t Lt 1,0 0. t t.0 t.t t.i :. : l t.t l.l l.l l.l l.l t.t Lt t.t l.t - t.0 0.0 l.c 0.! 0.0 t.t 1.0 t,e 0.t 0.0 0.! 1.0 I.l t.0 0.t t..: t., .J i t I rl'l r.o r.ol.t I.! 0.0 0,t 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 t.! 0.0 0., 0.0 t.r 0.t c.c t.! i.r :.! 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 C.l I.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.C 0.0 t.0 t.0 I.t !.t I,l !.f ,l ! 0 ,, Anb'oFrlar IClhltr Il.t l.t l.t t.! t,lflt.cn utrrr I lldi. t{nlllb I 0.t 0.c '-t I ,. I t-' rI r,0 t.t l.t l.t I t.0 1.0 0.t 1.0t.l 0.1 t.0 t.0 c.0 1,0 0.t 0.0 r.l l.r l.t 1.0 t.0 l.t l,! t.0:.{,*,, I l.l !. t !.0 l.l i. g trcllh' '. t.l r.t l.c l.l l,l c.t t.t t.t t,t t.r !.1 l.l r.g l,! r.e 0., 0.0 e.0 0.! 0.0 0J :0 0.0 0.0 0.r 0.! 0.0 ci r.! :; ;: ;; ;:; ;.;,;:; ril,ii,;;,l;, i: 7 ,t. ,1. a. ,!'-.. ' t.' ..'1 ttii rh r:zr :! lllm-uerUlutud lu It-ilfllflt |lmrr C..trftllu tl&tir i lrcrdqurotr 0ritilu tl!tidu :t ll ,l ll ll l0l tc!ctll0le060c ilt Iil l:u0 !00c1 itlcor :crrlau hrtrrlkllllu lctt{rillu ldort0u liceicorrtor lcurcrnir r r.0 !.0 r.r r.! r.r t.t t.t Lt l.t t.l 1.0 c,! r,l l.l l.l 0.0 l,l !.1 i.0 Clilruulih II------------ Unrtillar. I !.1 l.l l.l l.l l.l l.t l.l 0.1 l.c 1.0 l.! C.l l.l l.l l.l C.0 htratill I l.l 0.1 Ll C,t l.l !.1 Ll l,l 0.0 l.l l.l 0.0 0.! l.l l.l 0'C l.l 0.! 0,0 llllcptuilu hlrcctnrlilu 6rsrbxlch lrlc. -1 C.o;[rlr I .rChublrrch (utrttt , &tlrloltrrr I t.t t.r t.t I t.t 0.t Lt l.t l.l c.0 0.0 t.0 0.r 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.[ 0.0 0.r 0.0 0.r 0.r 0.0 r Othhrtlrtlr i llnlutd:r -__---...--I --.--.. t.r r.t t.t r.l t.l l.r t.l 1.0 0.t 0.4 l.l t.l 0.0 l.l 0.0 t,l Ll l.t !.! t.a t.t t.t t.l a.l l.l e.l 0.0 0.1 e.0 e.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 e.0 0.0 0.1 r.r !.r r.r l.l l.l l.l t.l r.l a,l 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 l,! 0,0 !.! 0,0 0,1 t.l t.t t.r r.t Lt l,t 1.0 Ll l.l l.e l.l 0.0 0,t 0.0 0.0 l.l 0.0 0.0 0.0 e.l 0.t r.t 0.0 r.r r.r r.t t.t t.l t.t c.! 0.0 l.l t.0 l.l !.1 !,0 t.l 0.0 0.t r.0 t.r Lt 0.0 t.t l.t t.r r.e 0.r 0.0 !.0 0.c !.0 r.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 l.l 0.e l.l l.e 1.0 l.t l.l Lt l.l t.0 0.1 !.0 r.r !.0 0.0 0,r !.! 0.0 0.0 l.l !.0 c.! 0.r l.l I I 0.0 t.0 0.1 0.0 0.C !.0 0.0 !.! 0.0 0.0 0 c l.l C ri 0,0 0.0 0.0 c.0 4.0 0.0 J: {{ linllu l. I llullu utro I l.l l.l l.l I.l l.l l.t 0.0 0.C l.C t.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 l.e l.e 0,0 0.0 0.0 i.0l---------.---- '.i dtnlrirt '.JIturtsiri I t.t l.r r.l t.t t.r r.l l.l 0.r t.0 0.0 0.0 r.r !.r r.l l.l c.0 0.0 Lt t.l r !.0 0.0 t.t l.! 0.r 0.0 r.l 0.0 l.t !,0 0.1 t.r 0,0 0.0 0.0 t.0 r.0 r,l 1.0 I l.l 0.0 r.l 1.0 !.1 r.r ..0 l.l l.l 0.0 0,0 0.0 t,l l.l 0.0 0.t 0.0 t.e e.0lunolilru l.l l l 4.0 .0 'ierifrclrfliru I l.l l.! l.l l.t 1.0 t.l l.l l.l 0.0 l.l l.l 0.0 0,0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ll l.l 0.0 .. ;{ -_---.-----.1.-.......-..---:i)&rtrppritu I l.l !.C !0 0.0 l.! l.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.t 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.!:j0rloriiu 10.0 l.! l.l lrtltcitu lhiar lrtrllili& I 0.1 !.0 t.l tiklhlilu lrtortrnr-- tirrri& I/rwiru Clitelrl{ : lrlr{ t-----.---..---- lurr &rtt[ torrk l:!., t.l lt.l l0.l !.1 l0.l l0.t t.! t.l I.l !.! t.l t.r r,t t.t l.t l.t ].1 !.: lrur cllh :.1 r.r l.l l.l t.t r.r !.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 c.0 0.0 0.c lurr rr-crllr totrk !t.{ i.{ ll.l Ll l.l l.l l0.t !.1 l.l l.l t.: t.t l.l l.t l.l l.l :.1 t.l l.l I 0.! t.0 l.l 0.1 l.l 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.i ,:.0 | I 0.! 0.i 0.0 0.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.! I !. I 0.e 0.0 l.! 0.r 0.0 0.0 0.! r.0 0.t !.0 0.! t.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 l.! 0.0 !.0 1,0 l.t 0.0 l.l t.0 e.0 0.! c.c e.0 r.0 0.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 !.0 l.l l.l 0.0 l.l l.c t.l t.l 0.0 0.0 l.l t.r l.l i.l 0.0 !.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 !.0 0.0 l.l 1.0 l.a 1.0 0.0 l.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 !.0 0.0 0.r l.l 0 r, .t.ll.l 0.r 0.0 !.0 1.0 t.0 t.t t.t l.t t.t t.r t.! 0.0 t.t 0.0 0.0 r I t.: 0.0 T t.t.6 aTABLE - ANNEX L.2 - Drift indices per taxon and per collection Second week of treatment. From 2O to 22/9189 at l0h22 and O9h34. *'. Ilro-rrrLflrdu-llu . -!-!rt tlo rtl Irr lltl, e le I lll ,ll lct! It '- .. tt ,t3 t, ! t_,r I lltlrr tltt3! tlttttSl . lot t0lr0llet ---.:--.-l-..--..-0rtrrtllnrktlr Il.l l.tll.t"!,ll.llt.tlt.l t.t t.t t.t t.t t.a t,l t.t t.t t.t Lt l.t t.t t.C.t.t t.t t.t l.C C.t l.t t.t l.t t.!tldlurrr I . ':..:f,.'i$rrirrurr 1 , "rf . .S}11,. ,,, ' q.l . ll.l t.l l:1 "",i.t.t.t t,t t.t Lt c.a t.! t,t t.t r.t t.t t.t t.lhl&r: '.lt.l l.l l.l'lt.l'l.l-l.l:':t.t t.l t.t t.l t.t l.r t.l t.t t.t t.t t,t t.t t.t t.t t.t Lt t.t l.t t.t t.l t.t t.!ttru.ul.r . n.t l.t t.t l.! !.! !.t'rr.t t.t t.t t.t i.r t.t t.t t.t t.t t.a a:a a.a i.i r.r l.l t.t t.t Lt t.t t.t t.l r.ri,,,.,.t -l.l t.t t.t t.t'l.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t't.t t.t t.t t,l i*i;.,. r. .i r..,' . .'i.;...'I t.t t.r t.t t.t l.t t.t t.t.t.t t.t.t.t Lt a.t t.t t.t t.t t,0ytla&1:* !' t.1..' t.l t.l l.l t.t l.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t r.t l,t t.t t.t 0,t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.r t.r r.t Lrl& I t.l t.!b&{tlllar I l.l l.l l.l t.t t.t t.t I t.t t.t t.t . .l.t t.t t.t I r., r.r t.t t t t.t t.t lda.t t.t lt.l 1.1.. .t.l l.t l.tI .'. l.l r l.l l.l o.l lntrrt l.t t.t t,t Lt t.a a.t e.t t.c t.t t.al.t l.t t.t t.t t.t l.t Lt t.t t.t t.t c.t 0.c Lt 0.t t.c t.t t.0 t.t t.t t.t 0.t 0.cl.l I.l t.t t.t t.0 t.t t.t c.t t.t t.c t.t t.[ t.t t.t t.t c.t t.t I.t t.t t.t !.e t.el.t 1.0 t.0 t.t 0.e t.l l.l t.t t.t t.0 t,0 t.3 t.t t.t t.t,.t t.! l.t t.t t.t t.t t.0 c.r !.0 4.! t.r t,t t.0 0,! t.t t.0 t.! t.t t.a t.t t.t t.t t.t t.c t.t t.l t.t t.t i.0 I t.t r.t t.t ,.t t.t l.t I t.t t.t t.t ' t.t l.r t.t ll.l ll.t t.t ll.t t.t l.t r r.r l.r r.0 r.r r.r r.{ r.r r.r t,c r.r r.c r.0 c.r !.r r,e r.0 0.r l.r c.e r.! t.t r,0 0.0 0.{ r.l 0.e 0.e 1.0r r.r r.r r.r r.c r.r r.r r.r r.! r.r 0.r 0.r r.r l,l r.r r,r r,! r,0 l.r r.r r.r r.r 0.! 0.0 r.r r.l !,r 0.r r.rI t.t t.t t.t t.t Lt l.t t.t t,t t.t t.t 0.c t.t t.t 0.0 -1,., r:l l! r.r r.r il.r r.r r.r r.r r.r r.r r.0 l.r i.r i.i r.0 r,t ,.r r.r r.r r.r 0.0 r.! !.r r,t r.0 r.r 1,! r,0 r.t t.t t.a t.t t.t t.0 t.t t.t'r.o t.t t.a t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t !.t l.t t,f t.0 0.rr.t r.0 t.t t.t t.t t.c c.t t.t t.t I.t 1.0 r.c t.t t.t t.t 0.t t.l t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.t t.a t.t 0.t t.t 1.0 t.t 1.0 Lt r.,J c.0 0.! Ll 0.0 0-J 0.0 0.0 0.i 0.0 0.0 0.0 c.rl,l t.N t.0 l.t t.l !.! 0.r t.i t.t t.! 0.0 t.0 t.t t.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.c t.e i.0 0.0 {.0 T t'2,.c a. .t rltnt lu.l l.t t.t t.t l.l I.t lI.t tt,l t.t r.r l.t c.t t,t t.0 t.t 0.t c.t t.t 1.0 t.t 0.0 a,0 t.t t.t t.c 0.! t.t 0.0 t.! 0.e l.c t.t t.0 !.0 t.t-t.t t.t t.t il.t t,t t.0 l.t !.t t.! 1.0 l.l t.l t,t t.r t.{ t.0 t.( LrLt t.0 t.l !.t t.l t.t Lt t.t t.t e.0 t.l t.t 0,t i.0 0,0 t.0 !.0 !.t t.0 0.0 c.0 0.!t.l t.0 t.t r,0 0.t t.t 0.0 t.t t.t !.0 t.l t.0 0.0 t.0 t.t r.0 0.0 t.0 0,0 1.0 0.0 :.0{.1 t.! t.t !.t t.t l.t t.t t,t t.t t.a Lt t.0 t.e t.0 t,0 r.0 t,r l,t t,t t,0 t.t 1.0 hrrt&ld I Ll t.t 0,1tlrnallrI I l,l t.l l.lltLldlil.. .' ltl.r tl.r lt.t r!.r r.t t,t r.l t.t r.l l.! t.t l.t lt.t t.t ll.t I I r.t l.t c.t t.t t.! t.! If[{rr utru I t------.--.-----tl.ta.. t !.t !,t C.t t.r t.t t.t Lt t.C !.0 t.t 0.t 0.r t.l 0.06tkl'u I l.l l.l !.1 I'l c.l l,l l.l t.l l.l l.t t.t t.t r,t l,t t,l 1,0 0,0 t.! Le 0.0 l.t r,0 0.0 t.0 t.! 0.0 !.0 0.!hutt& I !.1 l.l l.l t.l r.r r.r i'i i.i i.i r.t !.0 c.r 0.e 0.! 0.0 0.0 0.! 0.0 l.l 0.a 0.r 0.c !.! 0.0 r.0 r.!Lt Slttlrllll I l.l l.lfelia. I !.t !.t t.t Lthl.ilr" ll.l !.1r*---r 0.0 t.e 0.0 0.c 0.0 0.0 0.e e.0 !.0 t.0 0.0 0.0Lr r.r Lt t.t Lt t.0 0.t t.t t.t t.t orrt.. lriturls thd.Lr ld.a... tail " tr. dll. H.:.1.1.: .1.!.!.!.1.! !.!.1.! !.! r.r 0.il.il.o r.il.i i.a'i:i'i.i ;:;l:; ;:; ';:; ;:; ;:i';:;';:iI:;,;:;tl"rn-clrh .!.m.t rt.r tt'r !r.t r.t n.r !r.r r.t ri.iri,iri.iri.iri.ili.iri,iri.iri.i ;.;r;:; ;:; ,;:; ;:; ;:;,l:l,i.i,i:l,l:i J.-\ ,t. tltru.urUluilur-llu il-u/r/llu tx ll lltt llt!0 llr luaEl0lErt!0!0100C!tii!t00!6!llli;: trrtqtilu tbtir I lt.l 1., t.t t.l l,l Ll l.l t.l l.l l.l 0.1 0.1 0.t 0., !.! 0.0 a.: :.t i.l 0., :.1 l,l t.0 1,0 l.l 1,0 t,0 t.0 1.0 l.'i l.t : lralcprrtr fLldllorr llnllrtCr tb.r h.rtlr tntellldiidu &pt4rlitr llerorlror}rork Cllloluillu lomi& lrtmltiliiu Lttcc.rilu lrlrutrrodrdu Oartrpyck hlc, S.orloer 0.! t.0 0.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 l.l ').1 :0.t t.r !.0 0.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.t 0.0 0,0 0.0 !.t 0.e !.0 0 0 l.t 0,0 0.0 0.0 c.,i i.. 0.0 1.0 l.l l.l 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0,0 0.0 0.0 I.l 0.t 0.0 l.l t,0 !.0 t.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.[ 0.0 0.r 11.' C.e t.0 0.0 0.0 l.C 0.0 0.0 0,0 i.l r.. 0.0 1.0 0.c c.l l.l l.l l.l 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 e.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 r.: !.t t.l 0.0 0.1 l.t 1.0 l.e 0.0 t.0 0.t 0.0 0.c 0.0 !.0 i..l.t l.c e.0 !.! CLqt frrck lutr.rltrtllrrrcL l 0.1 0.t r.t 0.! 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.c 0.0 t.i !.t t., :.t 0.t l.t 0.0 0.0 i.0 0.e 1.0 0.0 0.t t r !.i , r i1r 0.0 t,0 1.0 0.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.r 6.! r.il.l 0.0 t.r t.r 0.t t.t 0.t l.t t.t 0.r 0.t c.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.t l.r 0.r 0.r 0,t 0.! 0.0 0,! 0.0 0.0 l.e t.t 1.0 0.0 !.r t.! :.,l.l 0.0 0.0 I.l 0.1 l.l l.l l.l t.t 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 t.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.t 0.0 0.! l.e l.! l.i r.! r'.t l,t L, 0.t I.0 t.r Lt 0.t 0.! t.e !.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ,t.0 0.0 0.r 0.0 0.0 0.c r.! l.r 1.0 0.1 l.l l.! 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I :: :h.{.ru.u i hlrlrrbrbu tlhbtdu I I I l.l l.t l.t l.l t.t t.l r.t t.r t.t t.t 0.0 Lt c.0 1.0 l.t t.t hutrldllar I l.l l.l l.l l.l l.l l.l 0.1 0.1 l.l l.l 0.C 0.0 0.4 t.C l.l t,t C.l l.! 1.0 l,t l.t 0.0 t.t t.tl.tt{.tlla.r I Glrli Gurtlrr I ----"------lcrlll I Uqtllltu Ikltrorill I hlycttnpli& I l.l l.l l.l l.l l.l l.l l.l Ll l.t l.l 0.0 e,t orurtrrrdr lrtc. I 0.0 e,0 C.C t.0 t,0 t.0 l,l t.0 t.t t.t 0.t l.lC.olim r t.t o.o t.l l.l6.r.l.rrrcL lut,.rl 1.0 l.l l.l a.l l.l l.l l,f l.! e.0 t.0 e,t Lt I I Lr l.r l.r l.r t.l a.t t.! c.t t.a t.t t.0 c.0 I l.i i.! 8.0 (.0 t.t 0.0 0.0 t.t 0.t 0.ll 0.0 0., e.l l,l l.l l.a l.l '1.1. l.g l.i l.! i.! t.! t.t 0.t t.t Lt. t.l' t.c 0.i l.! l.r r 0.0 0.0 t.t 0.0l,! l.t 0,0 t.l t.t Lt t.l t,! !.t t.t t.t 0.0 t.0 0,0 t.t l.t t.0 t.i 0,, t.a t.! l.l t.r l.! 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':i.' e . lhi{u rr.t 0.lr 0.0 0.1 0.1 l.l 0.t l.t i.rI i.0 t.! t.0 0,0 t 0.0 0.0 ,i.,i l,i , : I I 0.',1 i.C l.: l.! :.1 0.0 i.0 :.t r.0 0.0 t.0 t.J r:.0 0., 0.0 t.r t.r i.0 i.0 ,,.1 C.! l.l 0.0 0.0I q.0 f.{ 0.0 r.t I !.t} 1.0 i.: 0.0 0.0 !.0 0.0 0.0 0.! 0.0 0.0 C.6 {.C C., 0.0 0.i l.r u.,i ,) | r.d 0.0 c.0 0.0 c.! 0.0 ,.r 0.c 0.d 0.0 0.0 0.0 i.J t.: r.0 0.i r.i lrryrrtu Ilflrcuicrr I t.t t.: i.i l.l g.l 0.t 0.0 0.{ l.t 0.0 0.0 i.l 0.0 0., 0.t t.0 0., 0.t !.r/'0.t 0.0 l.l 0.0 0.0 I., l.t d.,rz."e.0lilethtr l.l !.0 1.0 c.0 0.c 0.0 e.0 l.i 0.0 t.0 0.r) 0.0 !.t 0.t 0.0 e.r e.0 t.0 0.0 0.0 t.t 0,0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.tt.ub&r I l.l 0.0 t.t t.0 t.{ l.l C.t !.0 0.0 !.0 e.0 0.! 0 r 0.0 0,0 0.0 t.i !.0 0.0$nr I l.! ,.1 e.0 l.l t.l !.1 l.t l.l t.l l.t r.l t.t I.l l.! t.l t.l :.t 0., :.: t,t ,.t t.! i.l !.! t.t r.t t.! r.t :.1 lu&riutotrk ll.5 r.tlo.t l.! t.l t.l l.! l.l l.: ll !.! l.! r.f 6.! r.( r.r r.r i.i !.1 l.!I.t t.r t.t,.3 tl.! tt.t lt.t :r., :i,: .t..rllcilk l.l l.l l.t l.r l.l l.t 0.0 0.0 0.! 0.0 r.0 c.0 c.0 t.e 0.e 0.0 0.r {.0 0.c i.i {:l i.i ,r.o i.i l:; 'i:l ';.r i.l !.: :.; 'Ir. Et-Gili. t.! f.l t.l l.! l.l t.l l.t Ll t.t l.l !.t i.t (.t 9 ! :.! t.! r.a t.{ !.r !.t il.t t.r t.t !.) r!.t l!.t lt.0 !i.: ti.i T ,t.Qr. o" TABLE - ANNEX 1.3 - Drift indices per raxon and per collection. Third week of trearmenr - ZSlglBg. Spraying on 29l9lS9 at O9h24 and o9h11. . r IhJ4.!'l .'F,6-;."' .i.?.il.t-'i' .'rtjrqili+.^rl -,r{,il{. ' . * '.,{iill' .', -{'i':,: . t0ltrr.uort/ludur.lluclg:il lutltlll lltr tll l6M INE ltt lrJi :ll tlt ,t:',:i. l.rrcr 0 C 0 0 C 0 C 0 0 0 0 e 6 0 0 0 0 0r,',i ...1--.--.---.{ ',} , i ' C.rtrottilu rlvrrr I 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C.0 0.0 !.1 1.0 1.0 t.! 1.0 1.0 t.0 0.0h{doturotr i 1.0 0,0 :i' I ' 0gklutortorr : ; 'llrobutodrr; ' .., Clocor .ii."::ii, Curidrr I r}.C 0.t 0.0 0.t t.0 1.0 3.t l.i 1.0 t.0 Ll 0.0$ii'Yfi., l,rotorllctiidu I 00 r0 0i t[ rr ln !! 00 rrl trr.t:.f;11, ret ;llrti rc t 0.0 t.0 0.0 t.0 t.t 3.0 I.l 0.0 t,0 t.0t;-'ll lcjtrjaiidrc I :T'.I..{::: tricoir[rr : !.:T: lrclrlorrrt 0.0 t.0 ;i.,:i hclriirytlu II:r..: Ilcrrcor;ror i 1.0 1.0 I t, ... . i,.'l" -:.,. 0lipmuiidre I 0.1 t.O lldtogtilidu I t 0.01.0lcahcrridr I 0.0 C.t 0.0 1.0 lolycutrogodidm I I CllrrtolrJch frlc. I t.0 0.0 0,0 l.l 0.0 t.0 L0 1.0C.cogion I 1.0 0,0 1.0 3,0 Clcrrrtolryclc lrrtrurlIrplilrlclr | .lcthloptcrr I ---!---------..---. Itrrocurir I 0,0 0.t Srrrlirr d. : lirrlirr utrcr I 1.0 0,0 Ciirororiri luy'.uriri luygodi i rrc 0rtloclriirrrc 0.0 l.r l.l :.1 0.tj :.r] 1.0 0.0 1.0 i.l ,.0 1.0 1,0 0.0 Crrrtogoloridre i 1,0 0.0 0.C l.C i.i t.C :.1 !.0Clroior idu i l.t 0.0 0ttitcidrr : i.0 c.0 Coriridu r 0.0 0.! !.0 0.0 1.0 !.6 t.c t.i 3.i t.c t.::.i 1.0 t.l Lt 3.'r i.0:.0 i.t 5.0 0,0 0. r {.1 t.0 c.c i.0 0.i l.,l' 0.c r.!i 1.0 0.0 1,0 ,l. C 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 r.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 t.0 t,0 1.0 0.0 1.0 t..1 1.0 0,0 :.0 1.0 t.0l.l !.1 r.c 6.t t.t !.1 Ll:.i:.N t.! 1.1 6.1 r.i lrlliidu ! ---------------------- i tihlltlidrt 6orglrdu lyjojtrnr -- -- - - - --- - --- - - - -- - - l IJdr rcrr iur 0ligocitrtr iJdnr lurc ctbir luu rot cillr i 0.0 0.9 I I{.0 t.t Ll t.? i.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 :.N :.t 1.0 6.! lrut drrutc tcrrir I 1.0 t.i 2.0 1.3 l.t t.t t.c !.t ;.i 16.5 t!.i !.i i?.:11.{ il.l 10.{ t.t 0.0 0.0 c.J 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.9 f.0 0.0 !.0 0.0 0."1{.t Lt t.0 t.l !.1 tt.i u.! i.i !i.: ll.t it.l l0.t s.t 1.0 t.0 t.0 i.l 0.0 6,t TABLE _ ANNEX 1.4 - Drift indices Per taxon and per Fifth week of treatmenE, from Spraying oo 121 10/89 at 1Oh1O collecEion. 11 Eo t3lrol89. and 1Oh13. Illr.urt/lllur-lluI .ll'wfnl0. , ,. lll ltt tll lrrrt tt l t ltl tol ilt ur I tt ll u ll lll llltl !tStetittte rc cttr !l 00rt !0lct bt{tllu rl..ti. ttrJrrurctr $rlutrrtou lhrlublogn G.ntL. 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' * ANNEX 2 - Trial protocol proposed by OCP and locqtion of Ehe study area. a el 1l tir PROTOCOL FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE I{EDIU{-TERM IMPACT OF PYRACI'FOS ON THE NON- TARGET FAUNA OF THE IIHITE BANDAMA (Cote d'Ivoire) Insectlcide: pyraclofos (organophosphorus compound in a 50t ernulsifiable concenErate) Spraylng frequency: once per week i Dose: O.L ng/L/10 uin; Planned durat,lon: 8 weeks (startslng tn August 1989) River: White Bandarna, from Badlkaha Bridge to Marabadiassa (see map) A. Monltoring stations: Station 1: Badikaha Bridge (concrol) buE because of Ehe organic pollucion observed this year, another site wll1 be selected on a tributary of the White Bandama. Scacion 2: Upstream Bema, siEe directly treated wich the larvicide. Ic is located some 100 metres downstream from the spraying poinc StaEion 3: Niaka Bridge, usual entomofauna and fish fauna moni.toring site. Scation 4: Souroukoudougou, slte not, treated dlrectly. It is situated 5 km upstream from the spraying point. It will be used for the study of the carry and residual impact of the larvicide on the non-target B. Evaluation techni.ques 1. Fish monitsoring For this operaEion, the main activities will be: - Pre- and post-treatmenc fishing in the creaEed zone and observaEion of possible effects of the first sprayings on the fish faune, in parcicular on the juveniles; - study of the evoluEion of gilI-net catches, coefficiencs of condition and scomach contencs during the whole monitoring period (before, during and after Ehe creacment perlod) for the principal specles. Particular attention will be paid co'che flood zones where the slres and young flshes can group. ,r t ' Page 2 N.B.: Some weeks before Ehe scart, of rhe operational trlaI, a sample will be taken from che select sices. Durlng the trlal, Ehe g11I nets w111 always be placed and removed on che eve of che creatmenEs. In AugusE and September, the duration of the field work will be four nights for each of rhe sire vlsits. The clmetable for the nlsslons has been estabrlshed as follows: ab a- b fl - gill and cast nets drift fish nets: utllisation for 48 hr cenrred on the spraying first tsreatment wiuh pyraclofos. 2. Tank tescs (spraying simulation) The fishes will be caught in untreaEed watercourses or aE Ehe very rnost in those Ereaced with tenephos in the Bandama basin. After a time of acclimatizat.ion in laboracory, apparently healchy individuals will be selecred for Ehe test. Three rePresencative species will be selecEed and for each of che species the following procedure will be followed: - preparation of larvicide solutions of l/20 the operational dose (OD), 1/10 che operaclonal dose, OD, 2xOD, 5xOD and 10xOD; - che exposure time will be in an lncreasing order and equal to 30 seconds for che highest dose, then one mlnute for the following, 3 min. for double the OD and 5 mih- for the OD. The fishes will next be put inEo rhe solurion of. L/lO che OD for 3 hours Ehen ln l/20 che OD for 10 hours before being rransferred into non-contaminaEed water up co che following week ; Statlon ,j. " \' page 3 - the Eame procedure w111 be repeated wlth the sane ftshes for 4 to 5 weeks. Only 1.0 ludlviduals of the same stze and specles rtll be tested at the aame Elme; - all the teste w111 be conducted 1o the preseD,ce of concrols and the flshes 1o the conErol tanks w111 be haadled Just as those ln Ehe treaEed taoke buE the nater should uot be coataminated. The feedlog of che flsh will be stopped 24 hr before treac,meoE aud w111 be resumei /+g t. Iater. The larvlclde solutlous w111 not be orygenated aad la the noD-contanluated canks oxygenatloo wlll be nade on request; - the reactloas w111 be uoted aud posslbly, at the cessatioo of Ehe experimeu! a portartcy curve will be eetabllshed for each spectes tested. 3. Entonologloal rcaltorlag Two-types of sanpllug wlll be nade: Type I (Tl) + Drlfr - 07h00 to 22h00 : oDe two-uiuute sample every hour (eve of Ereat.ment) -.22h00 to 06h00 : o'e two-miuut,e sampre every four hours. - 06h00 to t* : one two-olnute sample every hour (day of treatmenE) - t* to (g* + 3 hr) : oue two-nlaute sample every 30 mla. - (t*+3hr) to 22h00: one cwo mlnute sample every hour - 22h00 to 06h00 : ooe two-miaut,e sarnple every 4 hours. - 06h00 to t*: otre t,wo olnute sample every hour + Surber wlll be carried ouE oa t,he eve of t,he Ereat,meot and the followlng day if hydrologlcal condltloas permit rc (5 sampres per sampllng dare). Qualltatlve observattoas will be nade before, durlng aad after spraytag. t*: tloe of treatment Page 4 N.B. Ac sEat,lon 4 (Souroukoudougou), the drlft sanpllag wlll be nade fron E* to t**Shr lastead of fron t* to (t't + 3 hr). Type 2 (T2) DrlfE f4h00 to 22h00 : olre Cwo-nlDute sample every hour (eve of treatment.) Surber to be made oa Che eve of of treaEneit when made posslble by hydrologlcal coadltloos (5 sanples). Qualltatlve observatlons wlll also be made. The plaaned ttnetable for the fleld vlslt,s 1s as folloss: lw."r l,tt I sc"ttoo Ilr Cessat,iou of t reatEent l:::;lll o l, lo lt l, Ittttttltttlltrl lrl,ttltlt tllltltttltr lrl lzl 14ltt T2 TI T1 T2 TI T2 T2 T2 TI tn lfl tTI I T2 TI T1 T2 T1 T2 lr, Il, Ilr, Itl N-8. :.(f) Chaages nay be uade la the tlnetable for the vlslts and in che sampllng .techolques on the basls of the results recorded durlng rhe flrst t reatmert,. (2) The identlflcatloa level selected ls chac of che routlne rnonltorlng, vLz, geaus for Che Hydropsychldae, Baetldae aad Trlcorythldae, and fanlly or tribe for the other orgaalsms. t.at ' l X(),rr(()(r() ( omD o tpoov9ou J- rrop.oledougou 4\ 1t I il rl I 5l^ ltox;T-g"Jh 9. r0 hc lrmo.r. SIAIION 1 ( 8i;no omon'L.'i Lon9o 5,^l(oho 6'50 ren.^Ct.?r. P o. nt d, rgo^do9. 5IAltON..' 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