U n i t e d n a t i o n s e n v i r o n m e n t P r o g r a m m e gLoBaL aLLianCe to eLiminate Lead Paint BUsiness PLan Matija Potocnik/UNEP Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint: Business Plan WHO/FWC/PHE/EPE/13.03 © United Nations Environment Programme and World Health Organization, 2013 All rights Reserved. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) or the World Health Organization (WHO), provided acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for translations should be submitted to UNEP. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from UNEP. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP and WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Moreover, the views expressed do not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of UNEP or WHO, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. UNEP promotes environ- mentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on 100% recycled paper, using vegetable -based inks and other eco-friendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP’s carbon footprint. 1GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT BUSINESS PLAN I. INTRODUCTION 1. This Business Plan for the work of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint has been developed in response to resolution II/4/B adopted by the second session of the International Conference on Chemicals Management (ICCM) in 2009. It provides a road map describing the strategies, milestones and means of achieving the goals and overall objective of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint (‘the Global Alliance’). It is addressed to all persons and organizations interested in contributing to the work of the Alliance. 2. Resolution II/4 of the International Conference on Chemicals Management recognises the need for attention to be given to issues relating to the sound management of chemicals that may not have been generally recognized or sufficiently addressed. In that context resolution II/4/B focuses attention on “lead in paint” as an emerging policy issue and: (a) Endorses the establishment of a global partnership to phase out lead in paint, as a contribution to, among others, the call by the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development for the phase‐out of lead in paint; (b) Invites all interested stakeholders to become members of the global partnership and, where appropriate, commit themselves to contributing financial or in‐kind resources; (c) Requests the partnership develop a business plan giving clear milestones for progress in a global phase‐out of lead in paint in a number of key areas, and to report back to the International Conference at its third meeting. 3. The Global Alliance held its first organizational meeting in Geneva from 26 to 28 May 2010 and was established following the completion of operational arrangements in 2011. GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 2 II. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE 4. The primary goal of the Alliance is to prevent children’s exposure to paints containing lead and to minimize occupational exposures to lead paint. In this context, the Alliance is committed to efforts that support primary prevention, seeking to reduce or eliminate the conditions that give rise to environmental lead exposure before such exposures can occur. Its broad objective is to achieve the phase‐out of the manufacture and sale of paints containing lead and to eventually eliminate the risks that such paints pose. 5. The specific objectives of the Global Alliance are: (a) To raise the awareness of government authorities and regulators, the private sector, manufacturers, consumers, workers, trade unions and health‐care providers about the toxicity of lead in paints and the availability of technically superior and safer alternatives; (b) To catalyse the design and implementation of appropriate prevention‐based programmes to reduce and eliminate risks from the use of lead paints and products coated with lead paints; (c) To help identify paint manufacturers and formulators that continue to produce and market paints containing lead so as to foster actions to phase out lead from their products; (d) To promote the establishment of appropriate national regulatory frameworks to stop the manufacture, import, export, sale and use of lead paints and products coated with lead paints; (e) As appropriate, to promote international third‐party certification of new paint products to help consumers to recognize paint and coatings without added lead; and (f) To share guidance and promote assistance to identify and reduce potential lead exposure in and around housing, childcare facilities and schools in which paint containing lead and paint dust is present and in industrial facilities producing or using paint containing lead to reduce workers’ lead exposure. 3 6. The definition of ‘lead paint’ for the purposes of the Global Alliance is set out in the footnote below.1 Broadly speaking, the term ‘paint’ includes varnishes, lacquers, stains, enamels, glazes, primers or coatings used for any purposes. Paint is typically a mixture of resins, pigments, fillers, solvents, and other additives. Lead is added to paint in the form of lead compounds but can also be present as a contaminant from other paint ingredients. Efforts are therefore needed to keep the total lead content as low as possible. 7. Paints containing lead pose risks both in their application phase (as new paint) and once applied, giving rise to legacy issues that extend beyond the lifetime of the painted surfaces due to chipping and deterioration or demolition of the painted surface. Health risks can therefore increase greatly during renovation and re‐painting activities which involve surfaces that have previously been painted with lead paint. It is a particular concern that the continued use of decorative paints containing lead may still be found on toys and other products used by (or accessible) to children. The elimination of lead paint applied to surfaces in and around the home and schools (i.e. furniture, walls, doors and other structures) is therefore a priority focus for the efforts of the Global Alliance. 1 The term “paint” includes: varnishes, lacquers, stains, enamels, glazes, primers or coatings used for any purposes. Paint is typically a mixture of resins, pigments, fillers, solvents, and other additives. “Lead paint” is paint to which one or more lead compounds have been added. Lead compounds that are typically added to paint include, but are not limited to: Lead monoxide, Lead octanoate, Lead chromate, Lead 2‐ethylhexanoate, Lead sulfate, Lead oxide, Leadmolybdate, Lead nitrate, Lead sulfo‐chromate yellow, Lead naphthenate, Lead chromatemolybdate sulfate red, Lead peroxide, Lead carbonate (white lead), Lead chromate oxide and Tri lead ‐ bis (carbonate) ‐ dihydroxide1. The total lead concentration is defined on a weight percentage of the total non‐volatile portion of the product or in the weight of the dried paint film. Lead compounds may also be present in paint as a contaminant from other paint ingredients. Efforts should be made to keep the total lead content in paints as low as possible. Current data from a number of countries suggests that lead levels in many decorative paints, are less than 90 ppm and often below 45 ppm. GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 4 III. THE BUSINESS CASE 8. The case for elimination of lead paint and for effective measures for dealing with legacy issues of painted surfaces are compelling for all sectors of society, whether governmental, the private sector, or civil society 2 for a number of reasons: (a) Human health. Lead is a toxic metal and no safe exposure level has been identified for children. Lead can cause serious impacts on human health, including permanent brain and nervous system damage, problems with kidney function, and blood and reproductive damage. Children under 6 years of age, and pregnant women (whose developing fetus can be exposed) are especially vulnerable. (b) Economic. There are both direct and indirect economic costs resulting from the use of lead paint. These include health care costs and productivity losses. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that lead is responsible for 0.6% of the global burden of disease, with some 600,000 new cases of children with intellectual disability arising every year. By contrast, the economic cost of eliminating the use of lead in many paints is known to be low, with a number of manufacturers already successfully reformulating products that avoid the intentional addition of lead. (c) Environmental. Lead is a highly stable (i.e. long‐lived) naturally occurring element that is toxic to plants, animals and micro‐organisms. It bio‐accumulates in most organisms with environmental exposures occurring through multiple sources and pathways. The removal of lead from gasoline has produced dramatic reductions in airborne emissions and associated exposures and public health impacts. In contrast, the continued use of lead in paint remains an unaddressed source of exposure in many parts of the world. (d) Commercial. Paints with no added lead have been on the market for many years and have demonstrated their suitability as commercial alternatives. Paint manufacturers and users can ensure their continued access to markets where lead paint is restricted and reduce potential commercial risks (including health risks to workers and customers, compliance and liability claims, and reputational damage) by producing paints with no added lead compounds. 2 For the purposes of the Business Plan, the term ‘civil society’ includes workers’ organisations, professional health care providers and associations, academic and non‐government advocacy organisations. 5 (e) Regulatory. The use of lead paint has already been effectively controlled by regulations in several countries. Measurable reductions in blood‐lead levels in children and the wider population have been recorded following the elimination of added lead from gasoline, which was also subject to concerted international focus and national regulation. At the intergovernmental level, there have been several high level calls for the phase out of lead‐based paints.3 9. Despite that fact that the risks of lead exposure are clearly recognized there are three issues that remain of international concern: (a) Rising production and use of paints and coatings. The paint and coatings industry is an increasing global business with an estimated annual value of production and sales of 85 billion United States dollars. The growth of the paints and coatings industry is closely associated the economic development of countries and therefore unless the practice of using paints with added lead is eliminated the risks of lead exposure will also increase. Paints that are not formulated with lead compounds with similar colours, performance and commercial value are available. (b) Limited information. There is little known about what paints contain lead and in what concentrations as in many countries, products are not always clearly labelled. This makes it difficult for governments, paint manufacturers, architects, workers, health care providers, public health officials, environmentalists and consumers to take appropriate action to reduce exposure risks, such as by using safer alternatives. (c) Lack of awareness: There is also a low level of awareness in many countries and populations about the potential health and environmental risks of lead paint. Combined with the limited information about why lead paint continues to be used it can be difficult to identify individuals and populations at risk, and for stakeholders to mobilize political and consumer support for appropriate actions. 3 World Summit on Sustainable Development, Plan of Implementation, paragraph 57 ; Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management SAICM ( 2006); International Conference on Chemicals Management (ICCM 2), Resolution II/4 B (2009). GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 6 IV. BUSINESS STRATEGY 10. The underlying analysis of the business strategy is that gaps exist at two main levels: (1) gaps in information (e.g. the availability and accessibility of information about paints on the market that still contain added lead), and (2) gaps in stakeholder awareness (e.g. about risks and alternatives and actions that have been successfully undertaken). The essence of the Global Alliance business strategy is to address these issues in the following manner. Figure 1: The Global Alliance business strategy of information, awareness and action. (a) Information. To compile, complete and maintain a global set of information in relation to affected and high risk populations (e.g., children, women and workers), the adverse health consequences of lead exposure for individuals and populations and to the manufacture and sale of paints containing lead compounds. This is essential to ensure accuracy, fill data gaps and enable progress towards lead elimination to be monitored against a baseline of what we know now. 7 b) Awareness. To share and maximize the use of this information among key Government, paint industry manufacturers and paint formulators, and civil society stakeholder groups and individuals (e.g. parents, education and health care providers, paint manufacturers, painters and builders and builders and their representatives). The raising of awareness and concern about environmental health risks as well as on the benefits and achievability of eliminating lead paint are preconditions for mobilizing action. The approach will be to collect and build upon existing information sources wherever possible and to provide operationalized examples of successful policy interventions. (c) Action. To inspire engagement in and achievement of the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. This will be done by providing a set of clear concrete and measurable actions targeting the elimination of lead paint, which will be undertaken in accordance with the operational framework of the Global Alliance. Cohesive action will be promoted at the national level including through encouraging the establishment of national alliances to eliminate lead paint as a means to advance the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. 11. Taking into account the overarching international commitment for sound chemicals management, and specifically the goal of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management to ensure that by 2020 all chemicals are used and produced in ways that minimize adverse effects on human health and the environment, the Global Alliance will seek to establish individual project targets that can realistically be completed in advance of 2020. GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 8 V. BUSINESS APPROACH 12. The business approach of Global Alliance is to mobilize significant action to eliminate lead paint by focusing on: (a) Mobilizing stakeholders around a common yet flexible voluntary agenda, focusing on priority actions first; (b) Facilitating stakeholder interactions in order to strengthen and complement existing initiatives and reduce duplication; (c) Identifying and supporting specific opportunities where involvement of stakeholders from diverse stakeholder groups is necessary or where a vacuum of activities is identified; (d) Encouraging companies to substitute lead compounds added to paint with safer alternatives. (e) Evaluating the Alliance’s success and refining it’s strategies as necessary. 13. The business approach set out above will be pursued within five focal areas working groups to undertake the focused tasks needed to achieve the broad goal and objective of the Global Alliance. These five focal area working groups relate to the following themes: Health aspects; Environmental aspects; Workers health; Legislation and regulation; and Outreach to industry. Further information about each working group, its composition and detailed workplan can be found on the web site of the Global Alliance.4 VI. ROADMAP FOR THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE 14. The Global Alliance will seek to focus initially on efforts to eliminate exposures to the most vulnerable populations and will focus on eight principal actions to address the gaps identified in the business strategy. These principal action points will establish the foundation for achieving the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. 15. Priority actions for 2012‐2013, drawn from the focal area workplans and not listed here in any ranked order, will be: (a) Establishing and launching a clearinghouse or data repository for the Global Alliance that contains available advocacy materials, information on lead paint levels, on blood‐lead testing and surveillance, and treatment guidelines etc. (Relevant to focal area on health, environment, outreach to industry and legislation and regulation). An initial focus of the 4 The web site of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint can be found at: http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmium/PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx 9 clearinghouse will include those materials needed to support the marking of an international day of action; (b) Developing a proposal and obtaining broad support among Governments, clinical and public health professionals and other stakeholders for the marking of an international day of action on prevention of lead poisoning with an initial focus on eliminating lead paint (relevant to focal areas on health aspects and on environmental aspects); (c) Filling information gaps on the presence or absence of lead paint on the consumer market in those countries where little or no data are now available; expanding information on lead exposure pathways for vulnerable populations (e.g. children under six years of age, paint users and workers in paint production facilities) associated with different paint categories (e.g. decorative paints; industrial paints; anti‐corrosive metal primers; and others) (relevant to all focal areas); (d) Developing technical guidelines for paint manufacturers on alternatives to lead compounds used in paints (relevant to focal areas on health aspects, environmental aspects and outreach to industry); (e) Developing a framework for the labelling and certification of paints (relevant to focal areas on legislation and regulation and outreach to industry); (f) Disseminating a document that presents and discusses the elements of a national regulatory framework for eliminating lead paint (relevant to focal area on legislation and regulation); (g) Contributing expertise about lead paint to the finalization of WHO evidence‐based guidelines on the prevention and management of lead exposure, including recommendations concerning the establishment of blood lead screening and surveillance programmes for lead exposures (relevant to all focal areas); (h) Engaging additional stakeholders in the work of the Global Alliance, including through the establishment of national alliances to contribute to implementation activities, and obtaining an increased number of financial contributions and to achieve the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance (relevant to all focal areas). 16. Additional actions for 2014 ‐ 2020, will need to move beyond the development of awareness and information to promote action and achievement of the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. The following actions, listed here in no particular order, will be undertaken: (a) Promoting the establishment of appropriate national regulatory frameworks to stop the manufacture, import, export, sale and use of lead paints and products coated with lead paints; (b) Promoting third‐party certification of no added lead in new paint products, especially in countries which may face challenges with the comprehensive enforcement of national regulatory frameworks to stop the manufacture, import, export, sale and use of lead paints and products coated with lead paints; GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 10 (c) Identifying the information that small and medium‐size paint manufacturers may need to cost‐effectively reformulate their paint products to eliminate the use of added lead compounds, and establishing mechanisms to provide them with such information as needed; (d) Preparing and disseminating guidance materials on how to minimize potential lead exposure in and around housing, childcare facilities, schools and other buildings where lead paint has been used in the past, including information on proper procedures for repainting surfaces, remodelling and demolition; (e) Preparing and disseminating guidance materials on how to avoid or minimize workers’ lead exposure in industrial facilities producing or using paint that contains added lead compounds; (f) Increasing capacities to conduct blood‐lead testing and surveillance programmes, to assess residential and occupational risks and to implement public and professional education on the mitigation of lead poisoning. VII. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE BUSINESS PLAN 17. Information will be sought from focal area working groups on work plan achievements and performance indicators an annual basis. 18. Indicators for evaluating the business plan will include: (a) Number of countries that have adopted legally binding laws, regulations, standards and/or procedures to control the production, import, sale and use of lead paints with special attention to the elimination of lead decorative paints and lead paints for other applications most likely to contribute to childhood lead exposure; Targets: 2013 30 countries 2015 70 or more countries 2020 All countries (b) Number of paint companies that have committed to the work of the Global Alliance and have eliminated the use of added lead compounds in all of the decorative paints that they manufacture; Targets: 2013 5 paint manufacturers publicly committed to the work of the Global Alliance 2015 50 large paint manufacturers have eliminated the use of added lead compounds 2020 All paint manufacturers have eliminated the use of added lead compounds in priority areas 11 (c) Number of countries with national awareness activities about the risks of lead paint. Targets: 2013 5 countries with national awareness days for prevention of lead poisoning with an emphasis on the risks of lead paint 2015 10 countries with national awareness days for prevention of lead poisoning with an emphasis on the risks of lead paint 2020 40 countries with national awareness days for prevention of lead poisoning with an emphasis on the risks of lead paint (d) Number of contributors participating in the work of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint. Targets: 2013 30 contributors (Governments and organizations) participating in the work of the Global Alliance 2015 50 contributors (Governments and organizations) participating in the work of the Global Alliance 2020 70 contributors (Governments and organizations) participating in the work of the Global Alliance 19. UNEP and WHO will report periodically on overall progress against the performance indicators of the business plan, including to sessions of the International Conference on Chemicals Management, under whose mandate progress on this topic is reviewed as an emerging policy issue. GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 12 VIII. MEMBERSHIP OF THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE 20. The business approach of the Global Alliance depends critically on the stakeholders becoming contributors of the Alliance and committing to address the issue of lead paint. Stakeholders can include: Governments (including ministries of environment, health, industry, labour as well as specialized agencies) intergovernmental organizations, and non‐governmental organizations, including civil society, regional bodies, philanthropic organizations, academia, media and the private sector. The private sector includes pigment manufacturers, paint formulators and retailers as well as relevant industry associations and small and medium enterprises. 21. Members of the Global Alliance are known as “contributors”. All contributors will have made a public commitment to supporting the work to achieve the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance and will be listed on the web site for the Global Alliance. Contributors may include: (a) Representatives of national Governments including those that have already phased out the use of lead paint in their countries and are willing to share experiences and provide assistance to others who wish to do so, as well as representative of national Governments where lead paint continues to be sold; (b) Representatives of relevant intergovernmental organizations such as the participating organizations of the Inter‐Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC); (c) Representatives of the paint and coating industry as well as international and national companies that manufacture and/or formulate paint coatings, that supply lead compounds for use in paint; (d) International and national medical, housing and public health organizations; (e) Academics with expertise in relevant fields; (f) Representatives of international and national non‐governmental organizations that work on environmental health issues and that have experience of public outreach and awareness campaigns or of implementation of prevention programmes at the community or national levels; and (g) Trade unions at the local, national and international levels. 22. Contributions may be in the form of in‐kind contributions and/or technical expertise and in the form of financial support for the work of the Global Alliance. Appendix 1 contains additional information and an example letter to be completed by contributors for registering their contributions towards the work of the Global Alliance. 13 IX. STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE 23. The Global Alliance is not an institutional entity but a collaborative initiative. As such an operational framework has been prepared by UNEP and WHO to describe the working arrangements of the Global Alliance including the role of the advisory group, the five thematic focal area working groups and to provide guidance on public communication, the rights and responsibilities of contributors and guidance on financial matters. Figure 2: Structure of Advisory group and thematic working groups for the Global Alliance 24. The Global Alliance operates as a joint project undertaken in accordance with the respective mandates and programmes of work of UNEP and the WHO. A dedicated web site has been established that provides the focus for information on the Global Alliance. This web site is hosted as part of the UNEP Chemicals web site and can be found at: http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmi um/PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 14 X. GENERAL 25. The Global Alliance Advisory Group, jointly convened by UNEP and WHO, serves as an important mechanism for discussion of issues common to different thematic working groups, for reviewing and monitoring progress with activities and for providing input to formal progress reports prepared by UNEP and WHO about the work of the Global Alliance. . An interim advisory group has been in operation since 2011. This interim advisory group has laid the groundwork for the Global Alliance operational framework and for this Business Plan, drawing together and prioritizing components from the workplans of each thematic working group. 26. Based on the recommendations of the interim advisory group, the current work of the Global Alliance is being carried out by the five thematic working groups on health aspects, environmental aspects, workers health, legislation and regulation and outreach to industry convened by either WHO and UNEP as appropriate. The working groups will directly engage Global Alliance contributors in their work and prepare detailed workplans working with WHO and/or UNEP as applicable. 27. The interim advisory group has comprised representatives of the Governments of Nigeria and the United States of America and the following non‐governmental organizations: International Pediatric Association, International Paints and Printing Ink Council, International POPs Elimination Network (IPEN), OK International and experts from the University of Cincinnati and the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health. 28. A global forum will be convened by UNEP and WHO at least once every two years, to serve as the platform to share information on progress being made by the Global Alliance to present and review the work of the Global Alliance and to share information and experiences from contributors and to catalyze future actions. The global forum or meeting shall include representatives from Governments, intergovernmental organizations and non‐governmental organizations. Individual experts contributing to the work of the Global Alliance will also be able to participate. All contributors will be informed of the date and venue of the Global Alliance meetings. 29. Staff of UNEP and WHO jointly provide the secretariat support to the Global Alliance, its advisory group and the work of thematic working groups, under their respective mandates and organizations structures. In the case of the thematic working groups on health aspects and workers health, this work is supported by WHO, and in the case of environmental aspects, outreach to industry and legislation and regulation this work is supported by UNEP. 15 XI. FINANCIAL ASPECTS 30. Global Alliance contributors are responsible for the funding of their activities and are expected to assist in identifying potential donors with an interest in providing resources for other parts of the business plan of the Global Alliance. 31. UNEP and WHO will provide resources to support the work of the Global Alliance subject to the availability of funds resulting from their own resource mobilization efforts. This is expected to cover personnel, operational costs including contractual agreements, communication and outreach activities including information forms, newsletters, hosting of a dedicated web site and holding one meeting of the Global Alliance forum at least every two years, wherever possible to support for the participation of developing countries and economies in transition. In 2012, total staff resources of 0.8 person‐years were shared between the two organizations for Global Alliance activities. 32. In 2010‐2012, financial support was provided by the Government of the United States for convening the initial Global Alliance operational meeting in May 2010 and the second meeting of the Global Alliance in July 2012. The Governments of Germany, Norway and Sweden contributed to operational costs of the Global Alliance’s initial start‐up phase. 33. Specific project support has been provided directly to non‐governmental contributors in Nepal and Cameroon by the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) Quick Start Programme for activities focusing on creating awareness‐raising, and by the European Union’s SWITCH Asia Programme in the context of sustainable production and consumption in seven Asian countries. Under the fifth replenishment of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) projects aiming at eliminating lead paint are included as part of the GEF Chemical’s Strategy for emerging policy issues of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management. 34. Appendix 2 provides an indicative budget for the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint for the period 2013‐2015. GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 16 17 APPENDIX I GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT INFORMATION ON BECOMING A CONTRIBUTOR The Global Alliance is a voluntary collaborative initiative to focus and catalyze the efforts of a diverse range of stakeholders to achieve international goals to prevent children’s exposure to lead from paint and to minimize occupational exposures to lead paint. The Global Alliance is a joint undertaking of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Health Organization (WHO). WHAT IT MEANS TO BECOME A CONTRIBUTOR TO THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE • Making a commitment to achieving the overall goals and objectives of the work of the Global Alliance. • Contributing financially and/or in-kind technical expertise to the development & implementation of activities which help in achieving the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. • Working in accordance with the operational framework for the work of the Global Alliance • Being identified publically as a contributor on the Global Alliance website. • Networking, sharing information & participating with other contributors in the Global Alliance. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE The overall goal of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint is to prevent children’s exposure to paints containing lead and to minimize occupational exposures to lead paint. The broad objective is to phase out the manufacture and sale of paints containing lead and eventually to eliminate the risks that such paint pose. The participation of representative and interested experts from Governments, intergovernmental organizations, non governmental organizations including civil society, regional bodies, philanthropic organizations, academia, the media and the private sector is encouraged. The work of the Global Alliance is organized in five focal areas: Environmental aspects, Health aspects, Worker's health, Legislation and regulation, and Outreach to industry. HOW TO BECOME A CONTRIBUTOR TO THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT Government departments, organizations and individuals who wish to become GAELP Contributors should provide a letter of intent setting out the commitment of the contributor to the overall goals and objectives of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead paint provide information on the specific initiatives being undertaken in support of the overall goals and objectives of the Global Alliance. PLEASE SUBMIT THE LETTER OF INTENT TO BOTH: Head, Chemicals Branch United Nations Environment Programme Division of Technology, Industry and Economics 11-13, Chemin de Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Fax : +41 22 797 34 60 Email : lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org Director Public Health and Environment World Health Organization Public Health and Environment 20 Avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland Fax: +41 22 791 4127 Email: noleadinpaint@who.int FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT UNEP AND WHO AT THE ABOVE ADDRESSES. HTTP: //WWW.UNEP.ORG/HAZARDOUSSUBSTANCES/ (SECTION ON GAELP) GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 18 Example letter PLEASE PRINT ON LETTERHEAD OF YOUR ORGANIZATION AND SIGN DATE To whom it may concern Subject : Request to be considered a contributor to the work of the Global Allaince to Eliminate Lead Paint My [organization name or individual name] endorses the goals and objectives of the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint and wishes to be considered a contributor to the work of the Global Alliance. The contribution that we would like to make to the work of the Global Alliance is described below: [insert description of the in-kind or financial contribution and the timeframe for this contribution to be made ] [We/I ] understand that this letter of intent is not legally binding and that a copy of this letter of commitment and the name of [ insert organization name or individual name] will be publicly listed on the Global Alliance web site. Yours sincerely 19 GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 20 21 APPENDIX II Estimated operational and activity budget for the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint for 2013-2015 (in United States dollars) unit costs 2013 2014 2015 Total 10 Project personnel component 1100 Professional staff UNEP 1101 Deputy Head, P-5 12'311 12'804 13'316 38'431 1102 Programme Officer, P-3 121'748 126'618 131'682 380'048 WHO 1103 P-5 98'492 102'431 106'529 307'451 1199 Sub-Total 232'551 241'853 251'527 725'931 1200 Consultants 1201 Consultants; unspecified 25'000 25'000 25'000 75'000 1202 Consultants; clearing-house mechanism and web site maintenance 30'000 10’000 10'000 50'000 1203 Consultants; preparation of guidance, training materials, targeted publications 75'000 25'000 15'000 115'000 1204 Consultants; outreach and exchange information activities (per country) 5'000 100'000 125'000 125'000 350'000 1299 Sub-Total 230'000 185'000 175'000 590'000 1300 Administrative support UNEP 1301 Secretariat G4/5 34'008 35'368 36'783 106'159 WHO 1304 Secretariat G5 17'004 17'684 18'392 53'080 1330 Conference servicing 1330 Third GAELP meeting 25'000 25'000 1320 Temporary assistance/ Overtime 2'000 4'000 2'000 8'000 1399 Sub-Total 53'012 82'052 57'175 192'239 GLOBAL ALLIANCE TO ELIMINATE LEAD PAINT: BUSINESS PLAN 22 1600 Travel on official business 1601 Staff travel on official business related to GAELP 20'000 30'000 20'000 70'000 1699 Sub-Total 20'000 30'000 20'000 70'000 1999 Component total 535'563 538'905 503'702 1'578'170 20 Subcontract component 2100 Subcontracts 2101 Regional/national testing, awareness and capacity building programmes 400'000 500'000 500'000 1'400'000 2299 Sub-Total 400'000 500'000 500'000 1'400'000 2999 Component total 400'000 500'000 500'000 1'400'000 30 Training component 3100 Meetings/Conferences 3101 Third GAELP meeting 0 150'000 0 150'000 3102 GAELP Advisory Group meetings 10'000 12'000 14'000 36'000 3103 Regional and national awareness and Alliance promotion meetings 200'000 150'000 150'000 500'000 3104 GAELP support to the international day of action on prevention on lead poisoning (focus lead paint) awareness campaigns 75'000 75'000 0 150'000 3105 GAELP representation at SAICM meetings 25'000 25'000 25'000 75'000 3106 Expert meetings 50'000 25'000 25'000 100'000 3399 Sub-Total 360'000 437'000 214'000 1’011'000 3999 Component total 360'000 437'000 214'000 1’011'000 40 Equipment and premises component 4100 Expendable equipment (items under $1,500) 4101 Office equipment and supplies: paper, toner, CD-Roms, USB 1'200 1'200 1'200 3'600 4102 Computer software 2'000 2'000 2'000 6'000 4199 Subtotal 3'200 3'200 3'200 9'600 4200 Non-expendable equipment 4201 Office equipment: Computer hardware and clearing-house mechanism 4'000 4'000 4'000 12'000 4299 Subtotal 4'000 4'000 4'000 12'000 4300 Premises 4301 Office space, maintenance, utilities 5'300 5'300 5'300 15'900 4399 Subtotal 5'300 5'300 5'300 15'900 4999 Component total 12'500 12'500 12'500 37'500 23 50 Miscellaneous component 5100 Operation and maintenance of equipment 5101 Maintenance of office equipment 5'000 5'000 5'000 15'000 5299 Subtotal 5'000 5'000 5'000 15'000 5200 Reporting costs 5201 Web publishing and other electronic media 10'000 5'000 5'000 20'000 5202 Printing costs 7'500 3'000 5'000 15'500 5203 Document translation 10'000 4'000 10'000 24'000 5204 Awareness and guidance documents for GAELP focal areas of work 140'000 110'000 115'000 365'000 5299 Subtotal 167'500 122'000 135'000 424'500 5300 Sundry 5301 Communications mailing/dispatching 4'000 4'000 4'000 12'000 5302 Communications: phone and internet connection 4'000 4'000 4'000 12'000 5303 Office supplies 2'000 2'000 2'000 6'000 5399 Subtotal 10'000 10'000 10'000 30'000 5500 Evaluation 5501 Evaluation consultant for the GAELP 20'000 20'000 5499 Subtotal 0 20'000 0 20'000 5999 Component total 182'500 157'000 150'000 489'500 Direct project cost 1'490'563 1'645'405 1'380'202 4'516'170 UNEP and WHO Programme support cost (13%) 193'773 213'903 179'426 587'102 9 GRAND TOTAL 1'684'336 1'859’308 1'559'628 5'103'272 About the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) helps governments, local authorities and decision-makers in business and industry to develop and implement policies and practices focusing on sustainable development. The Division works to promote: > sustainable consumption and production, > the efficient use of renewable energy, > adequate management of chemicals, > the integration of environmental costs in development policies. The Office of the Director, located in Paris, coordinates activities through: > The International Environmental Technology Centre - IETC (Osaka, Shiga), which implements integrated waste, water and disaster management programmes, focusing in particular on Asia. > Sustainable Consumption and Production (Paris), which promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns as a contribution to human development through global markets. > Chemicals (Geneva), which catalyzes global actions to bring about the sound management of chemicals and the improvement of chemical safety worldwide. > Energy (Paris), which fosters energy and transport policies for sustainable development and encourages investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency. > OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances in developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure implementation of the Montreal Protocol. > Economics and Trade (Geneva), which helps countries to integrate environmental considerations into economic and trade policies, and works with the finance sector to incorporate sustainable development policies. UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, improving the transfer of knowledge and information, fostering technological cooperation and partnerships, and implementing international conventions and agreements. For more information, see www.unep.org For more information, contact: UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch International Environment House I 11-13, Chemin des Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva Tel: +41 22 917 81 92 Fax: +41 22 797 34 60 E-mail: lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org www.unep.org
ئة لبی ة ل حد مت ال مم الأ ج ام رن ب PENU/kincotoP ajitaM التحالف العالمي للقضاء على الرصاص في الطلاء خطة الأعمال التحالف العالمي للقضاء على الرصاص في الطلاء: خطة الأعمال 30.31/EPE/EHP/CWF/OHW © برنامج الأمم المتحدة للبیئة ومنظمة الصحة العالمیة، 3102 كل الحقوق محفوظة. یمكن نسخ ھذا المصنف كلیا ًأو جزئیا ًوبأي شكل من الأشكال للأغراض التعلیمیة أو غیر الھادفة إلى الربح دون الحصول على إذن خاص من برنامج الأمم المتحدة للبیئة )البرنامج( أو منظمة الصحة العالمیة )المنظمة(، شریطة توثیق المصدر. وینبغي تقدیم طلبات الترجمة إلى البرنامج. ولا یجوز استخدام ھذا المصنف لغرض إعادة بیعھ أو لأي غرض تجاري آخر مھما یكن دون الحصول على إذن مسبق خطیا ًمن البرنامج . إخلاء المسؤولیة. لا تنطوي التسمیات المستعملة في ھذا المصنف وطریقة عرض المواد الواردة فیھ، على الإعراب عن أي رأي كان من جانب البرنامج أو المنظمة بشأن الوضع القانوني لأي بلد أو أرض أو مدینة أو منطقة أو لسلطات أي منھا أو بشأن تحدید حدودھا أو تخومھا. علاوة على ذلك، فإن الآراء المعرب عنھا لا تعكس بالضرورة قرارا ًأو سیاسة معتمدة للبرنامج أو المنظمة، والاستشھاد بأسماء أو عملیات تجاریة لا یعني المصادقة علیھا . si noitacilbup sihT .seitivitca nwo sti ni dna yllabolg secitcarp dnuos yllatnemnorivne setomorp PENU ruO .secitcarp yldneirf-oce rehto dna skni desab- elbategev gnisu ,repap delcycer %001 no detnirp .tnirptoof nobrac s’PENU ecuder ot smia ycilop noitubirtsid 1 ˯ϼτϟ ϲϓ ιΎλήϟ ϰϠϋ ˯ΎπϘϠϟ ϲϤϟΎόϟ ϒϟΎΤΘϟ ΔτΧϝΎϤϋϷ ƛãÆ:ŗƆ®ƀƆ 1- ±§±»ƂƆƅ řŗ੶Ŭ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƆƅ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ ÁōŮŗ Ƌ°ƍ ¿ŕƈŷƗ§ ř·Ŧ ¯§¯ŷ¥ Àś2/4 ¡ŕ»ŗ Àŕ»ŷ Ɠ»ž ř»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈƅ§ ©±§¯ƙ Ɠƅï»ƅ§ ±ƈś¤»ƈƆƅ ř»ƔƊŕŝƅ§ ©±Ã¯ƅ§ ƌś¯ƈśŷ§ Å°ƅ§2009 . ř»·±ŕŦ ¿ŕ»ƈŷƗ§ ř»·Ŧ ÁƈŲ»śśÃ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»ƂƆƅ Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ªŕ»Ɣ௠½»ƔƂţśƅ ¿œŕ»ŬÃƅ§Ã ř»ƈƎƈƅ§ ¿»ţ§±ƈƅ§Ã ªŕƔŠƔś§±ś»Ŭƛ§ ¼Űś ½Ɣ±· ¡Ɯ»»»»·ƅ§")Ɠƈƅŕ»»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»»ţśƅ§("Àŕ»»»»Ÿƅ§ ƌ»»»»ž¯ƍà . ř»»»»ƈśƎƈƅ§ ªŕ»»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã µŕŦ»»»»ŮƗ§ Ŷ»»»»ƔƈŠ Ƒ»»»»ƅ¥ ¿ŕ»»»»ƈŷƗ§ ř»»»»·Ŧ ƌ»»»»ŠÃśśÃ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ Ɠž řƈƍŕŬƈƅŕŗ. 2- ƅ§ ±»»ƂƔà ±§±»»Ƃ2/4 ©±§¯ƙŕ»»ŗ ř»»ƂƆŸśƈƅ§ ŕƔŕŲ»»ƂƆƅ ¨»»Š§Ãƅ§ Àŕ»»ƈśƍƛ§ ¡Ɯ»»Ɣ¥ ©±Ã±Ų»»ŗ ř»»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»»ƈƅ§ ©±§¯ƙ Ɠƅï»»ƅ§ ±ƈś¤»»ƈƆƅ ¼ŕƄ ÃţƊ ƑƆŷ şƅŕŸś Àƅ ã Àŕŷ ¾§±¯¥ ŶŲÃƈ ÁƄś Àƅ Ɠśƅ§ řƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§ÃƈƆƅ řƈƔƆŬƅ§ . ²»ƔƄ±ś ±Ã»ţƈśƔ ½ŕƔŬ»ƅ§ §°»ƍ ƓžÃ ±§±Ƃƅ§2/4 ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŗ "¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ "ƔŬ řƔŲƂƄƓƆƔ ŕƈŗ ÀÃƂƔà řœŮŕƊ řƔśŕŬŕ: )£( Á»ŷ ©±¯ŕŰ»ƅ§ ©Ãŷ¯»ƅ§ Ɠ»ž řƈƍŕŬ»ƈƄ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ Á»ƈ ƓŠƔ±¯»śƅ§ µƆŦś»Ɔƅ ř»Ɣƈƅŕŷ řƄ§±»Ů ¡ŕŮ»Ɗ¥ ¯»Ɣ¤Ɣ Àŕ»Ÿƅ řƈ§¯śŬ»ƈƅ§ ř»ƔƈƊśƆƅ ř»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ ř»ƈƂƅ§ ±ƈś¤»ƈ2002 Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Á»ƈ ƓŠƔ±¯»śƅ§ µƆŦś»Ɔƅ ªŕ»ƎŠƅ§ Á»ƈ ŕ»ƍ±ƔŻ Á»ŷà ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ )¨( ¨ŕţ»»»Ű£ Ŷ»»»ƔƈŠ Ãŷ¯»»»Ɣ ŕƈŗŬ»»»ţ §Ã»»»ƈ²śƆƔ Á£ Ƒ»»»ƅ§Ã ř»»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řƄ§±Ů»»»ƅ§ řƔÃŲ»»»ŷ Ƒ»»»ƅ¥ ÀŕƈŲ»»»Ɗƛ§ Ƒ»»»ƅ¥ ÁƔ»»»ƈśƎƈƅ§ řţƆŰ»»»ƈƅ§ǔ řƔƊƔŸƅ§ ã řƔƅŕƈƅ§ ±¯§Ãƈƅŕŗ řƈƍŕŬƈƅŕŗ ¨ŬŕƊśƔ )¬( µƆŦś»»»ƅ§ ²ŕ»»»ŠƊ¥ Ɠ»»»ž À¯»»»ƂśƆƅ řţ»»»Ų§Ãƅ§ řƔ»»»ŬŕŬƗ§ ¿»»»ţ§±ƈƅ§ ÁƔ»»»ŗś ¿ŕ»»»ƈŷ£ ř»»»·Ŧ ŶŲ»»»ś Á£ ř»»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řƄ§±Ů»»»ƅ§ Ƒ»»»ƅ¥ ¨»»»Ɔ·ƔĐ Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ Ɠ»»ž µŕ»»»Ű±ƅ§ Á»»ƈ ƓŠƔ±¯»»śƅ§ Ɠ»»»ž Ɠƅï»»ƅ§ ±ƈś¤»»»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ÁōŮ»»»ƅ§ §°»»Ǝŗ §±»»»Ɣ±Ƃś À¯»»Ƃś Á£Ã Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¯ƔŸŰ»»»ƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ¡Æ «ƅŕŝƅ§ ƌŷŕƈśŠ§ . 3- Á»ƈ ©±»śſƅ§ Ɠ»ž ¼ƔƊŠ Ɠž řƔƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ƌśŕŷŕƈśŠ§ ¿Ã£ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¯Ƃŷ ¯ƁÃ26 Ƒ»ƅ¥ 28±ŕ»Ɣ£ / ÃƔŕ»ƈ2010 ³»ŬōśÃ Àŕŷ Ɠž ¿ƔżŮśƅŕŗ řŰŕŦƅ§ ªŕŗƔś±śƅ§ ¿ŕƈƄśŬ§ ¨ŕƂŷ£ Ɠž2011. œƒƈœśÅ :ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ ©œƒœŹÂ »¦®Ƌ¢ 4- ¶±»Ÿśƅ§ ¶»ſŦà µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ¿ŕ»ſ·Ɨ§ ¶±»Ÿś Ŷ»Ɗƈ Ɠ»ž ¼ƅŕ»ţśƆƅ ƓŬ»Ɣœ±ƅ§ ¼¯»Ǝƅ§ ¿»ŝƈśƔ ƑƊ¯Ɨ§ Ƌ¯ţ Ƒƅ¥ µŕ۱Ɔƅ ƓƊƎƈƅ§ . ¡§±Ã ŕƔŸ»Ŭ ř»ƔƅÃƗ§ ř»ƔŕƁÃƅ§ Àŷ¯»ś Ɠśƅ§ ïƎŠƅ§ ¿°ŗŗ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ À²śƆƔ ½ŕƔŬƅ§ §°ƍ ƓžÃÆ Ɠ»»śƅ§ ¼Ã±»»¸ƅ§ Á»»ƈ ¯»»ţƅ§ Ƌ°»»ƍ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»»Ƃƅ§ ã ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ §°»»ƍ ¿»»ŝƈ «Ã¯»»ţ ¿»»ŗƁ µŕ»»Ű±Ɔƅ Ɠ»»œƔŗƅ§ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ Á»»ŷ ±ſŬ»»ś Ê ¼Ã±»»¸ƅ§ . Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ Åû»śţƔ Å°»»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ Ŷ»»Ɣŗà řŷŕƊ»»»Ű Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ƓŠƔ±¯»»śƅ§ ¡ŕŲ»»»Ƃƅ§ Ɠ»»ž ¿»»»ŝƈśśž ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƆƅ À»»ŷƗ§ ř»»»Ɣŕżƅ§ ŕ»»ƈ£ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Áƈ ¹ÃƊƅ§ §°ƍ ŕƎţ±·Ɣ Ɠśƅ§ ±·ŕŦƈƅ§ Áƈ µƆŦśƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§. 5- Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ªŕƔ௠¿ŝƈśśÃƓƆƔ ŕƈƔž ©¯¯ţƈƅ§ Ɠƈƅŕ : )£( ªŕ»ŗŕƂƊà ¿ŕ»ƈŸƅ§Ã ÁƔƄƆƎśŬ»ƈƅ§Ã ÁƔŸƊŰ»ƈƅ§Ã µŕ»Ŧƅ§ ¹ŕ»·Ƃƅ§Ã ř»ƔƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ªŕ»ƎŠƅ§Ã ř»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ªŕ·ƆŬ»ƅ§ Ɠ»ŷà ¡ŕ»Ƅ°¥ řƔƊÃƈōƈ ±ŝƄ£Ã ŕƔƊƂś ¿Ųž£ ¿œ§¯ŗ ïŠÃà ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ řƔƈŬ ÁōŮŗ řƔţŰƅ§ řƔŕŷ±ƅ§ Ɠƈ¯Ƃƈà ¿ŕƈŸƅ§Æ 2 )¨( ƈ şƈ§±»ŗ °»ƔſƊśÃ ÀƔƈŰ»ś ²»ſţ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¿ŕƈŸś»Ŭ§ Á»ŷ ř»ƈŠŕƊƅ§ ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅ§ Á»ƈ ¯»ţƆƅ ř»ƔŕƁÃƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ř»ƈœŕƁ ř»ƈœƜ ±·ŕŦƈƅ§ Ƌ°ƍ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƅ§Ã ƌŗ řƔƆ·ƈƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ )¬( Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ½ƔÃŬ»śÃ ¬ŕ»śƊ¥ Ɠ»ž ÁñƈśŬ»Ɣ ÁƔ°»ƅ§ ƌ»śŕŗƔƄ±ś ů»Ÿƈà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰƈ ¯Ɣ¯ţś ƑƆŷ ©¯ŷŕŬƈƅ§ ƔŠŮś řƔżŗ µŕ۱ƅ§ÀƎśŕŠśƊƈ Ɠž ŕƔŠƔ±¯ś µŕ۱ƅ§ Áƈ µƆŦśƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ řƔƈ§±ƅ§ ª§¡§±Šƙ§ ŶÆ )¯( Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¿ŕƈŸś»Ŭ§Ã Ŷ»Ɣŗà ±Ɣ¯Ű»śÃ ¯§±Ɣś»Ŭ§Ã ŶƔƊŰ»śƅ ¯»ţ Ŷ»ŲÃƅ ř»ƈœƜƈƅ§ ř»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ř»ƔŗŕƁ±ƅ§ ±»·Ɨ§ ¡ŕ»Ŭ±ƙ şƔñ»śƅ§ ƌŗ řƔƆ·ƈƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ )»ƍ( ¯ŕƈśŷƛ§ ²Ɣ²Ÿś ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲśƁƛ§ ¨Ŭţ ŶƔŠŮśƅ§ ÁƔƄƆƎśŬ»ƈƅ§ ©¯ŷŕŬƈƅ ©¯Ɣ¯Šƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ «ƅŕŝ ¼±· Áƈ Ɠƅïƅ§ ¼ŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţś ƛ Ɠśƅ§ ªŕƊŕƍ¯ƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¼±Ÿśƅ§ ƑƆŷ )Ã( ½»»ž§±ƈ Ɠ»»žÃ ŕ»»ƎƅÃţà ¿²ŕ»»Ɗƈƅ§ ¿»»Ŧ§¯ µŕ»»Ű±Ɔƅ ¿»»ƈśţƈƅ§ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ řƊŕŗś»»Ŭ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ©¯ŷŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ ŶƔŠŮ»»śÃ ª§¯ŕ»»Ů±ƙ§ ¿¯ŕ»»ŗś Ɠśƅ§ ÀƎŬ±§¯ƈà ¿ŕſ·Ɨ§ řƔŕŷ± ½»ž§±ƈƅ§ Ɠ»žÃ ¶±»Ÿśƅ§ §°»ƍ Á»ƈ ¯»ţƅ§Ã Ƌ±ŕ»ŗŻ ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ ¡Ɯ· ŕƎŗ ¯ŠÃƔ µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¿ŕƈŸƅ§ ¶±Ÿś Áƈ ¯ţƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ¿ƈŸśŬś ã şśƊś Ɠśƅ§ řƔŷŕƊŰƅ§. 6- ¼»Ɣ±Ÿś ±¯ƔÃ"µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ "Ƌŕ»Ɗ¯£ řƔ»Ůŕţƅ§ Ŷ»Š±ƈ Ɠ»ž Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¶§±»ŻƗ.1·Ű»ƈà ŢƆ ¡Ɯ»·Ã ÁƔ·ŗśƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ŶƔƈƆśƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ŕƊƔƈƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ºŕŗŰƗ§Ã ¾Ɔƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ªŕƊŕƍ¯ƅ§ ¹§ÃƊ£ ŕƈÃƈŷ ¿ƈŮƔ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§Ì ƶ§±ŻƗ§ ŶƔƈŠ Ɠž À¯ŦśŬś Ɠśƅ§Ã řƔ·żśƅ§ . ÃŮ»ţƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈà ºŕŗŰƗ§Ã ªŕŠƊś§±ƅ§ Áƈ şƔ²ƈ Áƈ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ÁÃƄśƔ ŕƈ ©¯ŕŷà ªŕžŕŲƙ§ Áƈ ŕƍ±ƔŻÃ ªŕŗƔ°ƈƅ§Ã .µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ¼ŕŲ»Ɣà ŕŲ»Ɣ£ ¯»ŠÃƔ ¯»Ɓ ƌ»ƊƄƅà µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕ»ŗƄ±ƈ ¿Ƅ»Ů Ɠ»ž ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ Æ Ä±»»»ŦƗ§ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ ±»»»ŰŕƊŷ Á»»»ŷ ř»»»ŠśŕƊƅ§ ªŕ»»»ŝÃƆƈƅ§ ¯»»»ţōƄ . Á»»»ƈ Ɠƅŕ»»»ƈŠƙ§ Äû»»śţƈƅ§ ¶»»»ſŦƅ ï»»»ƎŠƅ§ ¿°»»»ŗ Ɠ»»»żŗƊƔ §°»»»ƅà ƑƊ¯Ɨ§ Ƌ¯ţ Ƒƅ¥ µŕ۱ƅ§ . 7- ƌƈ§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ Ɠ»śƆţ±ƈ Ɠ»ž ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Å÷ƊƔÃ)¯»Ɣ¯Š ¡Ɯ»·Ƅ (»Ÿŗà ƌƈ§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ ¯ ƌ»ƈ¯Ǝƅ ř»ŠƔśƊ ã Ţ·Ŭ»ƅ§ §°»ƍ ±Ãƍ¯»śÃ ±Ů»Ƃś ¨ŗŬ»ŗ ¡Ɯ·ƅŕ»ŗ Ƒ»·żƈƅ§ Ţ·Ŭ»ƅ§ ±»ƈŷ ²Ã໊śś řŝñÃƈ ŕƔŕŲƁ Áŷ ±ſŬƔÃÊ . ¡Ɯ»·ŗ ŕ»ƍ¤Ɯ· ½ŗ»Ŭ Ɠ»śƅ§ Ţ·»ŬƗ§ ¿ƈŮ»ś Ɠ»śƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ©¯ŕŷ§Ã ¯Ɣ¯Šśƅ§ ªŕƔƆƈŷ ¡ŕƊŝ£ ¯§ ²¯ś řƔţŰƅ§ ±·ŕŦƈƅ§ ÁŐž §°ŗÃǔ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ .Ƃƅ§ ±Ɣŝś Ɠśƅ§ ±ÃƈƗ§ Áƈà µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ Ɠ»ž±Ŧ²ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á£ ř»ŰŕŦ řſŰ»ŗ ½»Ɔ ¿ŕ»»ſ·Ɨ§ ŕƎƈ¯ŦśŬ»»Ɣ Ɠ»»śƅ§ ªŕ»»ŠśƊƈƅ§ Á»»ƈ ŕ»»ƍ±ƔŻÃ ¿ŕ»»ſ·Ɨ§ ¨»»Ÿƅ Ɠ»»ž ŕƈ¯ŦśŬ»»ƈ ¿§²»»ƔƛÆ) ¿Ãŕ»»Ɗśƈ Ɠ»»ž Ɠ»»śƅ§ ªŕ»»ŠśƊƈƅ§ ã ÀƎƔ¯Ɣ£ .( ã ¿²ŕ»Ɗƈƅ§ Ɠ»ž Ţ·»ŬƗ§ Áŕ»ƍ¯ Ɠ»ž À¯ŦśŬ»Ɣ Å°»ƅ§ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦśƅ§ ÁŐž §°ƅà ŕƎƅÃţ ³±§¯ƈƅ§ ƓžÃ )¿ƄŕƔƎƅ§ Áƈ ŕƍ±ƔŻÃ ¨§ÃŗƗ§Ã ·œ§Ãţƅ§Ã «ŕŝƗ§ Áŕƍ¯ Ɠž Å£ ( ŕ»ƎƔƆŷ ¨Ű»ƊƔ Á£ Ɠ»żŗƊƔ řƔÃƅã ¯ŸƔÊ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ²ƔƄ±ś . œśƃœśÅ: îŞƃ¦ ŗŪ¦°® 8- ŕƔŕŲ»Ƃƅ§ Ŷ»ƈ ¿»ƈŕŸśƅ§ ¿»Š£ Á»ƈ ř»ƅŕŸſƅ§ ±Ɣŗ§¯»śƅ§ °ŕ»Ŧś§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»Ƃƅ§ Äﻊ ¯»ŸśÊñÃƈƅ§ Ɠ»ƈśƊś ã ř»ƔƈÃƄţ ª»ƊŕƄ£ ¡§Ã»Ŭ Ŷ»ƈśŠƈƅ§ ªŕ»ŷŕ·Ɓ ř»žŕƄƅ řŗŬ»Ɗƅŕŗ řţ»Ų§Ã ř»ƊÃƍ¯ƈƅ§ Ţ·»ŬƗŕŗ ½»ƆŸśś Ɠ»śƅ§ řŝ ƓƊ¯ƈƅ§ ŶƈśŠƈƅ§ ã µŕŦƅ§ ¹ŕ·Ƃƅ§ Ƒƅ¥2ŕƈƔž ¿ŝƈśś ©¯ŷ ¨ŕŗŬƗ ¾ƅ°Ã ƓƆƔ: )£( ÀœŪƈƗ¦ ŗšŮŕ ¼ƄŶřř §œŕŪ¢ .¿ŕſ·Ƙƅ řŗŬƊƅŕŗ ƌƅ ¶±ŸśƆƅ Áƈ¢ ÄÃśŬƈ ¯¯ţƔ Àƅà ÀŕŬ Á¯Ÿƈ µŕ۱ƅ§Ê. Á£ Á»ƄƈƔà ƓŗŰ»»Ÿƅ§ ²ŕ»»ƎŠƅ§Ã ť»»ƈƅ§ Ɠ»»ž Àœ§¯»»ƅ§ ¼»»Ɔśƅ§ ¾»»ƅ° Ɠ»»ž ŕ»»ƈŗ ÁŕŬ»»Ɗƙ§ řţ»»Ű Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ©±»»Ɣ·Ŧ ±ŕ»»ŝ¢ Ɠ»»ž µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ ¨ŗŬ»»śƔ 1 ŢƆ·Űƈ ¿ƈŮƔ "¡Ɯ·ƅ§ :" ©¯ŕ»ŷà ¶§±»ŻƗ§ Á»ƈ ¶±»Ż Å£ Ɠ»ž À¯ŦśŬ»ś Ɠśƅ§ řƔ·żśƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ÁƔ·ŗśƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ŶƔƈƆśƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ºŕŗŰƗ§Ã ¾Ɔƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ã ªŕƊŕƍ¯ƅ§Ì ŠƊś§±ƅ§ Áƈ şƔ²ƈ Áƈ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ÁÃƄśƔ ŕƈªŕžŕŲƙ§ Áƈ ŕƍ±ƔŻÃ ªŕŗƔ°ƈƅ§Ã ÃŮţƅ§ ¯§Ãƈà ºŕŗŰƗ§Ã ªŕ. "µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ "µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ Áƈ ±ŝƄ£ ã ¨Ƅ±ƈ ƌƅ ¼ƔŲ£ ¡Ɯ· Ãƍ . ƛà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ¼ŕŲ»ś ŕ»ƈ ©¯ŕ»ŷ Ɠ»śƅ§ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕ»ŗƄ±ƈ ¿ƈŮ»śÃ ƓƆƔ ŕƈƈ ¿Ƅ ƑƆŷ ±ŰśƂś : Leadmonoxide,Leadoctanoate,Leadchromate,Lead2Ͳethylhexanoate,Leadsulfate,Leadoxide,Leadmolybdate,Lead nitrate, Lead sulfoͲchromate yellow, Lead naphthenate, Lead chromatemolybdate sulfate red, Lead peroxide, Lead carbonate(whitelead),LeadchromateoxideandTrileadͲbis(carbonate)Ͳdihydroxide1. ř»»žŕŠƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ ř»»Ƃŗ· Á²Ã Á»»ƈ ã şś»»Ɗƈƅ§ Á»»ƈ ±ŕ»»Ɣ·ƅ§ ±»»ƔŻ ¡²»»Šƅ§ ¹Ã»»ƈŠƈ Á²Ã Á»»ƈ ř»»ƔÃœƈ řŗŬ»»Ɗ ³ŕ»»Ŭ£ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ ²»»ƔƄ±ś Ɠƅŕ»»ƈŠ¥ ¯¯»»ţƔÃÊ . ªŕ»»ŗƄ±ƈ ¯»»ŠÃś ¯»»Ɓà ı»ŦƗ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ±ŰŕƊŷ Áŷ řŠśŕƊƅ§ ªŕŝÃƆƈƅ§ ¯ţōƄ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ .ƅ§ Á»ƈ Ɠ»ƆƄƅ§ Äûśţƈƅ§ ¶»ſŦƅ ï»ƎŠƅ§ ¿°»ŗ Ɠ»żŗƊƔ §°»ƅÃƑ»Ɗ¯Ɨ§ Ƌ¯»ţ Ƒ»ƅ¥ µŕ»Ű± . ±ƔŮ»śÃ Áŷ ¿Ƃś Ɠž±Ŧ²ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ¹§ÃƊ£ Áƈ ¯Ɣ¯Ÿƅ§ Ɠž ïŠÃƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕƔÃśŬƈ Á£ Ƒƅ¥ Á§¯Ɔŗƅ§ Áƈ ¯¯ŷ Áŷ ©±¯ŕŰƅ§ řƔƅŕţƅ§ ªŕƊŕƔŗƅ§90 ¿Ƃś ŕƈ §±ƔŝƄà ÁÃƔƆƈƅ§ Ɠž §¡²Š Æ Æ Áŷ45ÁÃƔƆƈƅ§ Ɠž §¡²Š Æ. 2 ŢƆ·Űƈ ¿ƈŮƔ ¿ŕƈŷƗ§ ř·Ŧ ¶§±ŻƗ "ƓƊ¯ƈƅ§ ŶƈśŠƈƅ§ "Ɗƅ§ ±»ƔŻ ªŕ»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»ŸƈŕŠƅ§Ã ªŕ»ƔŸƈŠƅ§Ã řƔţŰƅ§ řƔŕŷ±ƅ§ Ɠƈ¯Ƃƈ Áƈ ÁƔƔƊƎƈƅ§Ã řƔƅŕƈŸƅ§ ªŕŗŕƂ ©Ãŷ¯ƅŕŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ řƔƈÃƄţƅ§. 3 ř»ƔŗŕŠƊƙ§ řţŰ»ƅ§ ±Ãƍ¯»śÃ À¯»ƅ§ ¶§±»ƈ£Ã Ƒ»ƆƄƅ§ ¼œŕ» ø ¿Ɯś»Ŧ§Ã . ¡ŕŬ»Ɗƅ§Ã ±»ƈŸƅ§ Á»ƈ řŬ¯ŕŬ»ƅ§ Áï ¿ŕ»ſ·Ɨ§ ¯»ŸƔÃÊ ¿ƈ§Ãţƅ§)řƊŠƗ§ ¶±Ÿś ¨ŗŬŗ (ŕŲ±Ÿś ¯ŮƗ§Æ . )¨( ¦ §œŕŪ¢ŗƒ®œŮřſ . ¿ƈŮś ©±Ůŕŗƈ ±ƔŻ ıŦ£Ã ©±Ůŕŗƈ ¼ƔƅŕƄś µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ À§¯ŦśŬ§ Áŷ şśƊś ř»ƔŠŕśƊƙ§ ±œŕŬŦà řƔţŰƅ§ řƔŕŷ±ƅ§ ¼ƔƅŕƄś . Á»ŷ ¿Ã¤Ŭ»ƈ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Á£ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ř»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»ƅ§ ř»ƈ¸Ɗƈ ª§±Ɣ¯»Ƃś ±ƔŮ»śÃ 6‚0 ¾ŕ»Ɗƍà Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¯ƔŸŰ»ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¶±»ƈƅ§ ¡¨»ŷ Á»ƈ Ø000 600¿ŕ»ſ·Ɨ§ Á»ƈ ř»ƅŕţ ř»ƔƊƍ°ƅ§ ř»Ɓŕŷƙŕŗ ÁƔŗŕŰ»ƈƅ§ ŕƔÃƊŬ ¯ŠśŬśÆ . Á»ƈ ¯»Ɣ¯Ÿƅ§ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»ƂƆƅ řƔ¯ŕŰ»śƁƛ§ ř»ſƆƄśƅ§ Á£ ¼Ã±»Ÿƈƅ§ Áƈž ¾ƅ° Áƈ ³ƄŸƅ§ ƑƆŷà À§¯Ŧś»»»Ŭ§ §Ã»»»ŗƊŠśƔƅ ÀƎśŕ»»»ŠśƊƈ ªŕ»»»ŗƔƄ±ś ±»»»ƔƔżś Ɠ»»»ž ¿»»»Ÿſƅŕŗ ÁƔŸƊŰ»»»ƈƅ§ Á»»»ƈ ¯¯»»»ŷ Ţ»»»ŠƊ ¯»»»Ɓà řŲ»»»ſŦƊƈ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ ¹§Ã»»»Ɗ£ §¯ƈŷ ¼ŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§Æ . )¬( ºƒőƒŕ §œŕºŪ¢ŗ. ±ƂśŬ»ƈ ±Ű»Ɗŷ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ )±»ƈŸƈĐ ( ªŕ»ƊœŕƄƅ§Ã Á§Ã»Ɣţƅ§Ã ªŕ»ŗƊƆƅ řŗŬ»Ɗƅŕŗ Àŕ»Ŭ ûƍà ř»ŸƔŗ·ƅ§ Ɠ»ž ﻊÃƈ ř»»Ɣ±ƎŠƈƅ§ . ª§±ŕŬ»»ƈà ±¯ŕŰ»»ƈ ¿Ɯ»»Ŧ Á»»ƈ Ɠ»»œƔŗƅ§ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ «¯»»ţƔà řƔÃŲ»»Ÿƅ§ ªŕ»»ƊœŕƄƅ§ À»»¸Ÿƈ Ɠ»»ž ŕ»»ƔÃƔţ ÀƄ§±»»śƔ û»ƍÃÆ ©¯¯Ÿśƈ .ƅ§ ªŕŝŕŸŗƊƛ§ Ɠž ±ƔŗƄ ŶŠ§±ś Ƒƅ¥ ÁƔ²Ɗŗƅ§ Áƈ µŕ۱ƅ§ řƅ§²¥ ª¯£ ¯Ɓà ŕ»ƈà ŕ»Ǝŗ ·ŗś±»ƈƅ§ ¶±»Ÿśƅ§Ã §ÃŠ řƅÃƂƊƈÆ ř»ƔƈÃƈŸƅ§ řţŰ»ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ±»ŝ£ Á»ƈ ¾ƅ°»ƅ . ¿§²»Ɣƛ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ ±§±ƈś»Ŭ§ ÁŐ»ž ¾»ƅ° Á»ƈ ³»ƄŸƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷà ÀƅŕŸƅ§ Áƈ ©±ƔŝƄ ¡ŕţƊ£ Ɠž ƌƅ Å¯Űśƅ§ ÀśƔ Àƅ ¶±ŸśƆƅ §±¯ŰƈÆ. )¯( ŗƒ°œŞř §œŕŪ¢ .Ɨ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ ƛ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ¹§ÃƊ£ ªţ±·Ê ŕ»Ǝśƈ¡Ɯƈ ª»śŗŝ£Ã ª§ÃƊ»Ŭ ©¯ŷ °Ɗƈ ½§ÃŬ řƔ±ŕŠś ¿œ§¯ŗƄ . ï»ƔƁ ŶŲś Ɠśƅ§ ½§ÃŬƗ§ Ƒƅ¥ ¿ÃŰÃƅ§ řƔƊŕƄƈ¥ ±§±ƈśŬ§ ÁŕƈŲ ƋÃƈ¯ŦśŬƈà ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ßƊŰƈ ŶƔ·śŬƔà ř»Ɔƈśţƈƅ§ ř»Ɣ±ŕŠśƅ§ ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅ§ Á»»ƈ ¯»ţƅ§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ Åû»śţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ) řƔţŰ»»ƅ§ ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅ§ ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»ž ŕ»»ƈŗ Ÿƅ§Ã ¿ŕƈŸƅ§ ŕƎƅ ¶±ŸśƔ Ɠśƅ§řŸƈŬƅŕŗ ±§±Ųƙ§Ã řƔƅäŬƈƅ§Ã ¿ŕŝśƈƛ§ ÄÃŕŷ ï ¡Ɯƈ ( Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¬ŕ»śƊ¥ ½»Ɣ±· Á»ŷ řžŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ ƛ. )»ƍ( ŗƒƆƒ·ƈř §œŕŪ¢. Á»ƈ ¯»Ɣ¯Ÿƅ§ Ɠ»ž ¿ŕ»Ÿž ûţƊ Ƒ»Ɔŷ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ À§¯ŦśŬ§ řţžŕƄƈ ¿Ÿſƅŕŗ ªƈś ř»»ƔƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ Ţœ§Ã»»Ɔƅ§ ¿Ɯ»»Ŧ Á»»ƈ Á§¯»»Ɔŗƅ§ . ¿Š»»ŬÃÊ ¿ŕ»»ſ·Ɨ§ į»»ƅ À¯»»ƅ§ Ɠ»»ž µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕƔÃśŬ»»ƈ Ɠ»»ž ³ŕ»»ƔƂƆƅ ¿»»ŗŕƁ Ŷ»»Š§±ś ©±žŕŲ»śƈƅ§ ř»Ɣƅïƅ§ ï»ƎŠƅ§ ²»ƔƄ±ś ±Ã»ţƈ ŕŲ»Ɣ£ Áŕ»Ƅ Å°ƅ§Ã ÁƔ²Ɗŗƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ ¼ŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ řƅ§²¥ ¯Ÿŗ ŕƈÃƈŷ ÁŕƄŬƅ§ÃÆ Æř»»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ Ţœ§Ã»»Ɔƅ§Ã .Á»»ƈ ƓŠƔ±¯»»śƅ§ µƆŦś»»Ɔƅ ÄÃśŬ»»ƈƅ§ ř»»ŸƔž± ª§Ã»»ŷ¯ ©¯»»ŷ ª»»ƎŠÃ Ɠƅï»»ƅ§ Ɠƈû»Ƅţƅ§ ÄÃśŬ»»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»ƆŷÃÊ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÀœŕƂƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§.3 9- Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ ½»»»ƆƂƅ§ ±»»»Ɣŝś ª»»»ƅ§²ŕƈ ¿œŕŬ»»»ƈ «Ɯ»»»ŝ ¾ŕ»»»ƊƎž û»»ŲÃŗ ª¯¯»»»ţś ¯»»»Ɓ µŕ»»»Ű±Ɔƅ ¶±»»»Ÿśƅ§ ±·ŕ»»»Ŧƈ Á£ ř»»»ƂƔƂţ À»»»Ż±Ã Ɠƍà ƛ£ Ɠƅïƅ§ ¯ƔŸŰƅ§ : )£( œƌƆ¦®ŤřººŪ¦Â ©œƈœƋ®ººƃ¦Â ƚºº¶ƃ¦ «œººřƈ¤ ¨®œººƒ± . ř»»ƈƔƂƅ§ ±¯»»ƂśÃ ř»»ƔƈŕƊśƈ ř»»Ɣƈƅŕŷ ©±ŕ»»Šś ªŕƊŕƍ¯»»ƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ řŷŕƊ»»Ű ¯»»ŸśÊ Ŭ»»ƅ§ û»ţƊŗ ªŕ»»ŸƔŗƈƅ§Ã ¬ŕ»»śƊƚƅ řƔÃƊ85Ɠ»»ƄƔ±ƈ£ ±ƛï ±ŕ»»ƔƆƈ . ŕ»»ƂƔŝÃ ŕ»»·ŕŗś±§ ªŕƊŕƍ¯»»ƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ řŷŕƊ»»Ű û»ƈƊ ·ŗś±»»ƔÃÆ Æ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»Ƃƅ§ Àś»Ɣ Àƅ Á¥ ¯§ ²¯śŬ µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ ±·ŕŦƈ ÁŐž Ɠƅŕśƅŕŗà Á§¯ƆŗƆƅ ůŕŰśƁƛ§ ÃƈƊƅŕŗ ¼ŕŲ»»ƈƅ§ µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ Åû»śţƔ Å°»»ƅ§ .ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ ¹§Ã»»Ɗ£ ±ž§Ã»»śśÃ µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕ»»ŗƄ±ƈ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ŕ»»ƎśŗƔƄ±ś Åû»śţś ƛ Ɠ»»ś ŕƎŬſƊ řƔ±ŕŠśƅ§ řƈƔƂƅ§Ã ¡§¯Ɨ§Ã Á§ÃƅƗŕŗ. )¨( ©œºƆÂƄŶƆƃ¦ °ÂŮºſ . ª§²»ƔƄ±śÃ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ Åûśţś Ɠ»śƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¹§Ã»Ɗ£ Á»ŷ ªŕ»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Á»ƈ ¿»ƔƆƂƅ§ ÄûŬ ±žÃ»śƔ ƛ ûŲÃŗ ŕ»ƈœ§¯ ªŕ»ŠśƊƈƅ§ À»ŬÃś ƛ Á§¯»Ɔŗƅ§ Á»ƈ ¯»Ɣ¯Ÿƅ§ Ɠ»ž ƌ»Ɗ¥ «»Ɣţ ŕ»ƎƔž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§Æ .ŠƔà Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¨ŸŰ»ƅ§ Á»ƈ ¾»ƅ° ¿»Ÿ ř»ƔƈÃƈŸƅ§ řţŰ»ƅ§ Á»ŷ ÁƔƅäŬ»ƈƅ§Ã řƔţŰ»ƅ§ ř»Ɣŕŷ±ƅ§ Ɠƈ¯»Ƃƈà ¿ŕ»ƈŸƅ§Ã ÁƔƔ±ŕ»ƈŸƈƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰ»ƈà ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»ŝƄƗ§ ¿œ§¯»»ŗƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»»Ŭ§ ¿»»ŝƈ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ ±·ŕ»»Ŧƈ Á»»ƈ ¯»»ţƆƅ ř»»ƈœƜƈƅ§ ª§¡§±»»Šƙ§ °ŕ»»Ŧś§ ÁƔƄƆƎśŬ»»ƈƅ§Ã ř»»œƔŗƅ§ ¡§±»»ŗŦà řƔƊÃƈōƈ. )¬( ƑŵÂƃ¦ ¿¦®Ŷƈ¦ :Őž ¾ƅ°Ƅà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ±·ŕ»Ŧƈŗ ½»ƆŸśƔ ŕ»ƈƔž řƔƊŕƄŬ»ƅ§ ªŕœſƅ§Ã Á§¯Ɔŗƅ§ Áƈ ¯Ɣ¯Ÿƅ§ Ɠž ƓƊ¯śƈ ƓŷÃƅ§ ÄÃśŬƈ Á ř»»œƔŗƅ§Ã řţŰ»ƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ř»»Ɔƈśţƈƅ§ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ Åû»śţƔ Å°»ƅ§ . ¨ŗ»»Ŭ Á»»ŷ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ±ÃŰ»Ɓ ¨»»Ɗ੠Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ¾»ƅ° Å ¤¯»»Ɣà ƄŬ»»»ƅ§ ªŕ»»»œſƅ§Ã ¯§±»»»žƗ§ ¯»»»Ɣ¯ţś řŗß»»»Ű Ƒ»»»ƅ¥ µŕ»»»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»śţƔ Å°»»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»»»Ŭ§ ±§±ƈś»»»Ŭ§ ř»»»Ų±Ÿƈƅ§ řƔƊŕ °ŕ»Ŧś§ ¿»Š£ Á»ƈ ÁƔƄƆƎśŬ»ƈƅ§ À»ŷ ï ƓŬŕƔŬƅ§ Àŷ¯ƅ§ řœŗŸś řţƆŰƈƅ§ ¨ŕţŰ£ ƑƆŷ ¨ŸŰƅ§ Áƈ ÁÃƄƔŬ ŕƈƄ ±·ŕŦƈƆƅ řƈ²Ɯƅ§ ª§¡§±Šƙ§ . 3 ©±»Ƃſƅ§ °»ƔſƊśƅ§ ř»·Ŧ řƈ§¯śŬ»ƈƅ§ ř»ƔƈƊśƆƅ Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ř»ƈƂƅ§ ±ƈś¤»ƈ 57 ř»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈƆƅ ř»Ɣƅïƅ§ ©±§¯ƚ»ƅ ƓŠƔś§±ś»Ŭƛ§ şƎƊ»ƅ§ )2006( Ɠƅï»ƅ§ ±ƈś¤»ƈƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈƅ§ ©±§¯ƙ ±§±Ƃƅ§ řƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§2/4 ¡ŕŗ )2009( 4 œŶরÅ: ¾œƆŵƕ¦ ŗƒŞƒř¦°řŪ¦ 10- ÁƔƔŬ»»Ɣœ± ÁƔƔÃśŬ»»ƈ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ª§±»»żŝƅ§ ï»»ŠÃ Ɠ»»ž ¿ŕ»»ƈŷƗ§ řƔŠƔś§±ś»»Ŭ§ ƌ»»Ɣƅ¥ ¯ƊśŬ»»ś Å°»»ƅ§ ¿»»ƔƆţśƅ§ ¿»»ŝƈśƔ) :1 (ª§±»»żŝ Ɠ»»ž ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§) Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»śţś ª»»»ƅ§²ŕƈ Ɠ»»»śƅ§ ½ÃŬ»»»ƅ§ Ɠ»»»ž ř»»»ţñ·ƈƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ ¹§Ã»»»Ɗ£ Á»»»ŷ ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ř»»»ţŕś§Ã ±ž§Ã»»»ś ¿»»»ŝƈǔ ¼ŕŲ»ƈƅ§ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§( )2 ( řţƆŰ»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»Ű£ Ɠ»ŷà Ɠ»ž ª§±»żŝ) Ɠ»śƅ§ ª§¡§±»Šƙ§Ã ¿œ§¯»ŗƅŕŗà ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅŕŗ Ɠŷûƅ§ ¿»ŝƈ ŕŠƊŗ ª°ſƊÊ .(śƅ§ Ɠž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ŕƈŷ£ řƔŠƔś§±śŬ§ ±ƍÊ ¿ŝƈśƔÃƓƅŕśƅ§ ÃţƊƅ§ ƑƆŷ ªƜƄŮƈƅ§ Ƌ°Ǝƅ ůŰ: )£( ©œƆÂƄŶƆƃ¦ . ©¯Ɣ¯Ů»ƅ§Ã ©±±Ų»śƈƅ§ řƔƊŕƄŬƅ§ ªŕœſƅŕŗ ½ƆŸśś Ɠśƅ§ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Áƈ řƔƈƅŕŷ řŷÃƈŠƈ ¸ſţà ¿ŕƈƄśŬ§Ã ŶƔƈŠś ¶±Ÿśƅ§)¿ŕƈŸƅ§Ã ¡ŕŬƊƅ§Ã ¿ŕſ·Ɨ§ ¿ŝƈ(»œſƅ§Ã ¯§±»žƘƅ řŗŬ»Ɗƅŕŗ řţŰ»ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ µŕ»Ű±Ɔƅ ¶±ŸśƆƅ řƔŗƆŬƅ§ ¨Ɓ§ÃŸƅ§Ã ªŕ ƌŸƔŗà µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ řŷŕƊŰŗ ½ƆŸśś Ɠśƅ§ ¾ƆśÃ řƔƊŕƄŬƅ§ . ÁŕƈŲ»ƅ ŕƔ±Ã±»Ų ¾ƅ° ¯ŸƔÃÆ Ê ŕ»ƈ Ɠ»ž ¿»ŝƈśƔ ³ŕ»Ŭ£ ·»Ŧŗ ř»Ɗ±ŕƂƈ Ƌ¯»Ű± Ɠ»żŗƊƔà µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§ è»Ű À¯»Ƃśƅ§ ř»ţŕś§Ã ª§±»żŝƅ§ ¯Ŭ»ƅà ř»Ɓ¯ƅ§ǔªŕƈÃƆŸƈ Áƈ Áƕ§ ƌž±ŸƊ . )¨( ŗºƒŵÂřƃ¦ .»ţƊ Ƒ»Ɔŷ À§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§Ã ¿¯ŕ»ŗś ƌ»śŕŗƔƄ±ś ů»Ÿƈà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰ»ƈà ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ ¨»Ɗ੠Á»ƈ ªŕ»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Ƌ°»ƍ ¿»ŝƈ£ à ¯§±žƗ§Ã řţƆŰƈƅ§ ¨ŕţŰ£ ªŕŷÃƈŠƈà ƓƊ¯ƈƅ§ ŶƈśŠƈƅ§Ã) řƔŗ·ƅ§ řƔŕŷ±ƅ§Ã řƔƈƔƆŸśƅ§ ªŕƈ¯Ŧƅ§ Ɠƈ¯Ƃƈà ÁƔ¯ƅ§Ãƅ§ ¿ŝƈ ÀƎƔƆŝƈƈà ¡ŕƊŗƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ¿ŕƈŷà ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰƈà .( ±·ŕ»Ŧƈƅŕŗ Àŕ»ƈśƍƛ§Ã Ɠŷûƅ§ ¡ŕ»Ƅ°¥ ¯»ŸƔÃÊ ¯»œ§Ãſŗà ř»ƔœƔŗƅ§ řƔţŰ»ƅ§¿»ƈŸƅ§ ř»œŗŸś ¿»Š£ Á»ƈ ŕƔ»ŬŕŬ£ ŕ·±»Ů ƌ»ƂƔƂţś ř»ƔƊŕƄƈ§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§Æ Æ ǔ . ¿ŝƈśƔ»Ŭà ¾»»ƅ° Á»»Ƅƈ£ ŕ»»ƈŝƔţ ř»»ƈœŕƂƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ±¯ŕŰ»»ƈ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ¯ŕƊś»»Ŭƛ§Ã ©¯»»Ɣ¯Šƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ±¯ŕŰ»»ƈ Ŷ»»ƈŠ Ɠ»»ž Ŷ»»ŗśƈƅ§ şƎƊ»»ƅ§ ŕƊƅ§ řƔśŕŬŕƔŬƅ§ ªƜŦ¯śƆƅ řƆŝƈ£ ±ƔžÃśÃ¿Ÿſƅŕŗ ªƂŗ· Ɠśƅ§ řţŠÊ. )¬( ©¦ ¦°ŞƗ¦ .ŕ»ƎƂƔƂţśÃ Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ªŕ»ƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯»ƍ£ Ɠ»ž řƄ±ŕŮ»ƈƅ§ ƑƆŷ ŶƔŠŮśƅ§ . ¯§¯»ŷ¥ ¿Ɯ»Ŧ Á»ƈ ¾»ƅ° ÁÃƄƔ»Ŭà Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§ ¼¯ƎśŬ»ś Ɠ»śƅ§ ³ŕ»ƔƂƆƅ řƆŗŕƂƅ§Ã řŬÃƈƆƈƅ§Ã řţŲ§Ãƅ§ ª§¡§±Šƙ§ Áƈ řŷÃƈŠƈ ƚƅ ŕƂžÃ °ſƊśŬ Ɠśƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§Æ ČƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ ƓƆƔżŮśƅ§ ±ŕ· . Á»ƈ ƓƊ·Ã»ƅ§ ¯ƔŸŰ»ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÀţƜś»ƈƅ§ ¿ƈŸƅ§ ²²ŸƔŬÃČ řƆƔ»ŬÃƄ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§ ¿»Š£ Á»ƈ ř»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ªŕ»ſƅŕţśƅ§ ³ƔŬōś ƑƆŷ ŶƔŠŮśƅ§ ¿ƜŦ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ªŕƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯ƍ£ Ã¨Ű À¯ƂśƆƅ . 11- »ƅ§ ©±§¯ƙŕ»ŗ ¿ƈŕŮ»ƅ§ Ɠƅï»ƅ§ À§²»śƅƛ§ ©ŕ»ŷ§±ƈ ř»Ɣƅïƅ§ ©±§¯ƚ»ƅ ƓŠƔś§±ś»Ŭƛ§ şƎƊ»ƅ§ ¼¯»ƍ ¯»Ɣ¯ţśƅŕŗà ř»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈƆƅ řƈƔƆŬ Àŕ»»ŷ ¿Ã»»Ɔţŗ ƌ»»Ɗ£ Áŕƈ»»Ų Ƒ»»ƅ¥ Ɠ»»ƈ±Ɣ Å°»»ƅ§ ř»»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»»ƈƆƅ2020 ¨Ɣƅŕ»»Ŭ£ ř»»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»»ƈƅ§ Ŷ»»ƔƈŠ ¬ŕ»»śƊ¥ Ɠ»»ž Ŷŗśś»»Ŭ Êƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ƑŸŬ»»ƔŬà Ƒ»»Ɗ¯Ɨ§ ¯»»ţƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ř»»œƔŗƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷà ÁŕŬ»»Ɗƙ§ řţ»»Ű Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ©±ŕŲ»»ƅ§ ŕ»»ƍ±ŕŝ¢ ¶»»ſŦś Ŷ»»Ųà Ƒ»»ƅ¥ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿ Àŕŷ ¿ŗƁ ŕƎƂƔƂţś ŕƔŸƁ§Ã ÁƄƈƔ ŶƔ±ŕŮƈƅ§ į§±ſƅ ¼§¯ƍ£Æ 2020 . ¿ƄŮƅ§1 : řƔŠƔś§±śŬ§ ½ƆŸśƔ ŕƈƔž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ řƔŷÃśƅ§Ã ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅŕŗ ª§¡§±Šƙ§Ã 5 œŪƆœŤÅ : ¾œƆŵƕ¦ ŝƌƈ 12- Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§ ¿»Š£ Á»ƈ ¿ƈŸƅ§ Áƈ ±ƔŗƄ ±¯Ɓ řœŗŸś Ɠž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ƌŸŗśƔ Å°ƅ§ ¿ŕƈŷƗ§ şƎƊ ¿ŝƈśƔ ƓƆƔ ŕƈ ƑƆŷ ²ƔƄ±śƅŕŗ ¾ƅ°Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ : )£( ř»»œŗŸś ª§° ª§¡§±»»»Šƙ§ °»»»ƔſƊśŗ ¡¯»»»ŗƅ§ ¿Ã»»»ţ ±Ã»»ţƈśƔà ř»»»Ɗñƈƅŕŗ ÀŬ»»»śƔ ¯»»»ţ§Ã şƈŕ»»»Ɗ±ŗ ¿Ã»»ţ §Ã»»»ſśƆƔƅ řţƆŰ»»»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»»»Ű£ řƔÃƅÃƗ§ )¨( řƔŠ§Ã ²¯ƛ§ Áƈ ¯ţƅ§Ã ŕƎƆƔƈƄśÃ řƈœŕƂƅ§ ª§±¯ŕŗƈƅ§ ²Ɣ²Ÿś ¿Š£ Áƈ řţƆŰƈƅ§ ¨ŕţŰ£ ÁƔŗ ¿ŷŕſśƅ§ ±ƔŬƔś )¬( řţƆŰ»»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»»Ű£ řƄ±ŕŮ»»ƈ ¯»»Ÿś Ɠ»»śƅ§ ©¯¯»»ţƈƅ§ µ±»»ſƅ§ ¯»»Ɣ¯ţśÊ řƔ±Ã±»»Ų řţƆŰ»»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»»Ű£ ªŕ»»ŷÃƈŠƈ ¼»»ƆśŦƈ Á»»ƈµ±ſƅ§ Ƌ°ƍ Àŷ ï ŕƎƊōŮŗ ř·ŮƊƗ§ ¨ŕƔŻ ¼ŮśƄƔ Ɠśƅ§ µ±ſƅ§ ã ŕƎƔžÊ . )¯( řƔƊÃƈōƈ ±ŝƄ£ ¿œ§¯ŗŗ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ řžŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ Áŷ řŲŕŸśŬƛ§ ƑƆŷ ªŕƄ±Ůƅ§ ŶƔŠŮś. )»ƍ( ¡ŕŲśƁƛ§ ¨Ŭţ ƌśŕƔŠƔś§±śŬ§ ŢƔƂƊśÃ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ŕŠƊ įƈ ÀƔƔƂś. 13- Àŕ»»Ǝƈƅ§ °»»ƔſƊśƅ ²»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕ»»Šƈŗ ř»»ƔƊŸƈ ř»»Ɔƈŕŷ ř»»Ɓ±ž£ řŬ»»ƈŦ ¿Ɯ»»Ŧ Á»»ƈ ƋƜ»»ŷ£ Ţ»»ŲÃƈƅ§ ¿ŕ»»ƈŷƗ§ ş»»ƎƊ ½»»ŗ·Ɣ ¼Ã»»Ŭà Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƆƅ ÁƔƆƈŕŮ»»»ƅ§ ř»»»Ɣŕżƅ§Ã ¼¯»»»Ǝƅ§ ½»»»ƔƂţśƅ ř»»»ƈ²Ɯƅ§ ©¯¯»»»ţƈƅ§ . ªŕŷû»»ŲÃƈƅŕŗ řŬ»»»ƈŦƅ§ ř»»»Ɓ±žƗ§ Ƌ°»»»ƍ ·ŗś±»»»śÃ ř»Ɣƅŕśƅ§ :§Ã ¿ŕ»ƈŸƅ§ řţ»Űà ř»ƔœƔŗƅ§ ¨»Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§Ã řƔţŰ»ƅ§ ¨»Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§řŷŕƊŰ»ƅ§ ±»œ§Ã¯ ř»ƔŷÃśÃ Ţœ§Ã»Ɔƅ§Ã ªŕŸƔ±Ů»śƅ . Á»ƄƈƔà Ŷ»»»ƁÃƈƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ řƔƆƔŰ»»»ſśƅ§ ¿»»»ƈŸƅ§ ·»»»·Ŧ Á»»»ŷà ŕƎƆƔƄŮ»»»śÃ ř»»»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»»»Ɓ±žƗ§ Á»»»ŷ ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Á»»»ƈ ¯»»»Ɣ²ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ ¹Ɯ»»»·ƛ§ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ ƓƊñśƄƅƙ§.4 œŪ®œŪÅ :ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ šƈ ¼ƒ°¶ƃ¦ ŗ¶°œŤ 14- œ¯»ŗƈ ²»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ƑŸŬ»ƔŬ ²Ƅ±Ɣ»»ŬÃ ŕ»»Ų±Ÿś ±»»ŝƄƗ§ řƔƊŕƄŬ»»ƅ§ ªŕ»œſƅ§ ř»»Ɣŕƈţƅ ï»»ƎŠƅ§ ¿°»»ŗ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ŕƔÆ Æ¿ŕ»ƈŷƗ§ řƔŠƔś§±ś»Ŭ§ Ɠ»ž ŕƍ¯»Ɣ¯ţś À»ś Ɠ»śƅ§ ª§±»żŝƆƅ Å¯Ű»śƆƅ řƔŬƔœ± ª§¡§±Š¥ řƔƊŕƈŝ ƑƆŷ . ª§¡§±»Šƙ§ Ƌ°»ƍ ÀƎŬ»śŬà ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ªŕƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯ƍ£ ½ƔƂţśƅ řƈ²Ɯƅ§ ³ŬƗ§ ¡ŕŬ±¥ Ɠž řƔŬƔœ±ƅ§ . 15- Ɨ§ ª§° ª§¡§±Šƙ§ ©±śſƆƅ řƔÃƅÃ2012-2013 ŕ»Ɗƍ © ±¯§Ã»ƅ§Ã ²»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛ໊ƈŗ ř»ŰŕŦƅ§ ¿»ƈŸƅ§ ··Ŧ Áƈ ©ŕƂśŬƈƅ§ Ê ¯¯ţƈ ¨Ɣś±ś Áï : )£( Á»»»ŷ ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§Ã ©Ãŷ¯»»»Ɔƅ ř»»»ţŕśƈƅ§ ¯§Ã»»»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»śţƔ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƅ§ ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ ²»»»Ƅ±ƈ ã ř»»»Ɣƅ¢ ½Ɯ»»»·§Ã ¡ŕŮ»»»Ɗ¥ǔśÃ À¯»ƅ§ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ±ŕ»ŗśŦ§ Á»ŷà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕƔÃśŬ»ƈ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ŕ»ƈà ¬Ɯ»ŸƆƅ ř»ƔƎƔŠÃśƅ§ ¦¯ŕ»ŗƈƅ§Ã Ƌ¯»Ű± ¾»»ƅ°)Ɠŷû»ƅ§ ¡ŕ»»Ƅ°§Ã ªŕŸƔ±Ů»»śƅ§Ã řŷŕƊŰ»»ƅ§ ±»»œ§Ã¯ ř»»ƔŷÃśÃ ř»»œƔŗƅ§Ã řţŰ»»ƅŕŗ Ɠ»»ƊŸƈƅ§ ²»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ¿ŕ»»Šƈŗ ¾»»ƅ° ½»»ƆŸśƔÃǔ .( ¿ƈŸƆƅ Ɠƅï ÀÃƔ ¯Ɣ¯ţś Àŷ¯ƅ řƈ²Ɯƅ§ ¯§Ãƈƅ§ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¿¯ŕŗś řƔƅƕ Ɠœ¯ŗƈƅ§ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ¿ƈŮƔŬà )¨( »Ɣ ¯»Ɣ¯ţś ÁōŮ»ŗ ±»śƂƈ ¯§¯»ŷ¥ Á»ƈ ½ŕ»·Ɗƅ§ Ŷ»Ŭ§Ã À»ŷ¯ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¿ÃŰ»ţƅ§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬ»śƅ§ Á»ƈ ř»ƔŕƁÃƆƅ Ɠ»ƅï ¿»ƈŷ Àà řţƆŰ»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»Ű£ Á»ƈ Àƍ±»ƔŻ Á»ƈà ř»ƔƈÃƈŸƅ§ řţŰ»ƅ§ ¿ŕ»Šƈ Ɠ»ž ÁƔ»ƔƊƎƈƅ§Ã űƔ±Ŭ»ƅ§ ¨·ƅ§ ƓƔœŕŰŦ£Ã ªŕƈÃƄţƅ§ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Á»ƈ µƆŦś»ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ Ɠœ¯»ŗƈƅ§ ²»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ±Ã»ţƈśƔ Á£ Ƒ»Ɔŷ) ªƛ໊ƈŗ ¾»ƅ° ½»ƆŸśƔà §řƔœƔŗƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§Ã řƔţŰƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅŕŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ ²ƔƄ±śƅ( )¬( ÁƔƄƆƎśŬ»ƈƅ§ ½§Ã»Ŭ£ Ɠ»ž µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ﻊà À¯»ŷ ã ïŠÃ ÁōŮŗ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Ɠž ª§±żŝƅ§ ¯ŬÌ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ ª§±ŕŬ»»ƈ ÁōŮ»»ŗ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ©¯ŕ»»Ɣ²Ã ŕ»»ƎƊƈ ¿»»ƔƆƂƅ§ Äû»Ŭ ±ž§Ã»»śƔ ƛ ã ªŕ»»ƊŕƔŗƅ§ ±ž§Ã»»śś ƛ «»»Ɣţ Á§¯»»Ɔŗƅ§ Ɠ»»žč Ɔƅ ±»·ŦƆƅ ř»Ų±Ÿƈƅ§ ÁŕƄŬ»ƅ§ ªŕ»ŷŕ·Ƃŗ ½»ƆŸśƔ ŕ»ƈƔž µŕŰ±Č Ê Ì) ±»ƈŸƅ§ Á»ƈ řŬ¯ŕŬ»ƅ§ Áï ¿ŕ»ſ·Ɨ§ ¿ŕ»ŝƈƅ§ ¿Ɣŗ»Ŭ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¬ŕśƊ¥ ½ž§±ƈ Ɠž ÁÃƆƈŕŸƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ÃƆƈŸśŬƈ ( ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ªŕ»œž ¼»ƆśŦƈŗ ř»·ŗś±ƈƅ§ÃÉÉ) ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¿ŕ»ŝƈƅ§ ¿Ɣŗ»Ŭ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ƅ ř»»ŸƊŕƈƅ§ Á¯ŕ»»Ÿƈƅ§ Áŕ»»ƍ¯ ªŕ»»Ɗŕ·ŗà ƓŷŕƊŰ»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ Ɠ»»ž±Ŧ²ƅ§ŕ»»ƍ±ƔŻÃ ¿»»ƄŋśƆ( ) ²»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕ»»Šƈŗ ¾»»ƅ° ½»»ƆŸśƔà řžŕƄ( 4 Ɠƅŕśƅ§ ·ŗ§±ƅ§ ±ŗŷ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƆƅ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ ƓƊñśƄƅƙ§ ŶƁÃƈƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ ¿ÃŰÃƅ§ ÁƄƈƔ : http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmium/PrioritiesforAction/GAE LP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx 6 )¯( ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ɠ»ž řƈ¯ŦśŬ»ƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ ¿œ§¯ŗ ÁōŮŗ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰƈƅ řƔƊƂś řƔƎƔŠÃś ¦¯ŕŗƈ ŶŲÃÉ Ì) ¾»ƅ° ½»ƆŸśƔà řŷŕƊŰƅ§ ±œ§Ã¯ řƔŷÃśÃ řƔœƔŗƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§Ã řƔţŰƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅŕŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕŠƈŗ( )»ƍ( ƈ À»ŬÃƅ ±ŕ»·¥ ¯§¯»ŷ¥ ŕ»ƍ¯ŕƈśŷ§Ã ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ªŕ»ŠśƊ) ř»ƔŷÃśÃ Ţœ§Ã»Ɔƅ§Ã ªŕŸƔ±Ů»śƅŕŗ ř»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ ²»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛ໊ƈŗ ¾»ƅ° ½»ƆŸśƔà řŷŕƊŰƅ§ ±œ§Ã¯( )Ã( řŮ»ƁŕƊƈ ¡§±»Š§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»ƂƆƅ Ɠ»Ɗ·Ã Ɠŗŕ»Ɓ± ±ŕ»·¥ ±»ŰŕƊŷ ¶±»Ÿś ř»ƂƔŝà «»ŗǔ ±ŰŕƊŸƅ§ Ƌ°ƍ ¿Ãţ)Ɣ±Ůśƅŕŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕŠƈŗ ¾ƅ° ½ƆŸśƔÃŢœ§ÃƆƅ§Ã ªŕŸ( )²( ©¯ƊŬ»ƈƅ§ řƔƎƔŠÃśƅ§ ¦¯ŕŗƈƆƅ řƔœŕƎƊƅ§ řżƔŰƅ§ ŶŲÃƅ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ÁōŮŗ řƔƊſƅ§ ©±ŗŦƅŕŗ ÀŕƎŬƙ§ ªŕƔ»ŰÃśƅ§ ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»ž ŕƈŗ ƌś±§¯§Ã µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ Áƈ řƔŕƁÃƅ§ ÁōŮŗ řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ řƈ¸Ɗƈ ŕƎś¯ŷ£ Ɠśƅ§ ªŕƊƔŗƅŕŗǔ č Đ µŕ۱ƅ§ µţž şƈ§±ŗ ŶŲà ÁōŮŗ Ƌ¯Ű±Ã À¯ƅ§ Ɠž)řžŕƄ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕŠƈŗ ¾ƅ° ½ƆŸśƔÃ( )( ªŕ»ſƅŕţś ¡ŕŮ»Ɗ¥ ¿Ɯ»Ŧ Á»ƈ ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»ž ŕ»ƈŗ Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¿»ƈŷ Ɠ»ž řţƆŰ»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»Ű£ Á»ƈ řƔžŕŲ¥ ªŕƎŠ ¾§±Ů¥ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ªŕ»ƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯»ƍ£ ²ŕ»ŠƊ¥ ±ƔŬ»Ɣśƅ ř»Ɣƅŕƈƅ§ ªŕƈƍŕŬ»ƈƅ§ Á»ƈ ¯Ɣ²ƈƅ§ ¿ƔŰţśÃ °ƔſƊśƅ§ ř·ŮƊ£ Ɠž ÀŕƎŬƚƅ řƔƊ·Ã ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§)řžŕƄ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕŠƈŗ ¾ƅ° ½ƆŸśƔÃ.( 16- ©±»śſƆƅ řƔžŕ»Ųƙ§ ª§¡§±Šƙ§ ¡ŕŠ±¥ ƓżŗƊƔ ¼ÃŬÃ2014 -2020 Á»ƈ ªŕ»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ±ƔžÃ»śÃ Ɠŷûƅ§ ¡ŕ»Ƅ°¥ ¯»Ÿŗ ŕ»ƈ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ƌśŕƔŕŻÃ ƌž§¯ƍ£ ½ƔƂţśÃ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ ²Ɣ²Ÿś ¿Š£ .ÁƔŸƈ ¨Ɣś±ś Áï °ŦśśŬ Ɠśƅ§ ª§¡§±Šƙ§ ƓƆƔ ŕƈƔžÃ: )£( Ɨ§ ¡ŕŬ±¥ ²Ɣ²Ÿś Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ¿ŕƈŸś»Ŭ§Ã Ŷ»Ɣŗà ±Ɣ¯Ű»śÃ ¯§±Ɣś»Ŭ§Ã ŶƔƊŰ»śƅ ¯»ţ ŶŲÃƅ řƈœƜƈƅ§ řƔƊ·Ãƅ§ řƔƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ±· ƌŗ řƔƆ·ƈƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ )¨( ƌ»Š§Ãś ¯»Ɓ Ɠ»śƅ§ Á§¯»Ɔŗƅ§ Ɠ»ž ŕƈƔŬƛà µŕ۱ƅ§ Áƈ řƔƅŕŦƅ§ ©¯Ɣ¯Šƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ «ƅŕŝ ¼±· Áƈ ¯ŕƈśŷƛ§ ²Ɣ²Ÿś ¿ƈŕŮ»»ƅ§ °ŕ»»ſƊƙ§ Ɠ»»ž ªŕƔ¯»»ţś ¿ŕƈŸś»»Ŭ§Ã Ŷ»»Ɣŗà ±Ɣ¯Ű»»śÃ ¯§±Ɣś»»Ŭ§Ã ŶƔƊŰ»»ś Ŷ»»Ɗƈ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ř»»Ɣƈ§±ƅ§ ř»»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ř»»ƔƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ±»»·Ƙƅ ƌŗ řƔƆ·ƈƅ§ ªŕŠśƊƈƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ )¬( Á»»ƈ ÁƄƈś»»ś Ɠ»»Ƅƅ ¡Ɯ»»·Ɔƅ řŸƊŰ»»ƈƅ§ À»»Šţƅ§ ř·»»ŬÃśƈƅ§Ã ©±ƔżŰ»»ƅ§ ªŕŬ»»Ŭ¤ƈƅ§ ŕ»»ƎƔƅ¥ ¬ŕ»»śţś ¯»»Ɓ Ɠ»»śƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¯»»Ɣ¯ţś Áƈ ŕƎśŕŠśƊƈ ªŕŗƔƄ±ś ±ƔƔżś Ƌ°»Ǝŗ ŕƍ¯»Ɣòśƅ ř»Ɣƅ¢ ¡ŕŮ»Ɗ§Ã řžŕŲ»ƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ À§¯ŦśŬ§ Áƈ µƆŦśƆƅ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ǔ ¡ŕŲśƁƛ§ ¨Ŭţ ªŕƈßƆƈƅ§ )¯( ŕ»ƎƅÃţà ¿²ŕ»Ɗƈƅ§ ¿Ŧ§¯ µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ ªƛŕƈśţ§ ƑƊ¯Ɨ§ ¯ţƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ ¶ſŦ řƔſƔƄ Áŷ řƔ¯ŕٱƙ§ ¯§Ãƈƅ§ «ŗà ¯§¯ŷ¥ »śƅ§ ƓƊŕ»ŗƈƅ§ Á»ƈ ŕ»ƍ±ƔŻÃ ³±§¯»ƈƅ§Ã ¿ŕ»ſ·Ɨ§ ř»Ɣŕŷ± ½ž§±ƈ ƓžÃ µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ŕ»ƎƔž À¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ ƓÊ ¿ƔƄŮ»»ś ©¯ŕ»»ŷ§Ã ¡Ɯ»»· ©¯ŕ»»ŷƙ ŕ»»Ǝŷŕŗś§ Ɠ»»żŗƊƔ Ɠ»»śƅ§ řƈƔƆŬ»»ƅ§ ª§¡§±»»Šƙ§ Á»»ŷ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¾»»ƅ° Ɠ»»ž ŕ»»ƈŗ Ɠ»»Ųŕƈƅ§ Ɠ»»žǔ ŕƎƈ¯ƍÃ Ţ·ŬƗ§. )»ƍ( ř»»ŠśƊƈƅ§ řƔŷŕƊŰ»»ƅ§ ½»»ž§±ƈƅ§ Ɠ»»ž µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ¿ŕ»»ƈŸƅ§ ¶±»»Ÿś Ɠ»»žƜś ř»»ƔſƔƄ ÁōŮ»»ŗ řƔ¯ŕ»»Ů±ƙ§ ¯§Ã»»ƈƅ§ «»»ŗà ¯§¯»»ŷ¥ ã ƑƊ¯Ɨ§ ¯ţƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ ƌŲſŦ ã řžŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ɔƅ řƈ¯ŦśŬƈƅ§ )Ã( ř»»ƔŷÃśƅ§ °»»ƔſƊśÃ ř»»ƔƊƎƈƅ§Ã ř»»Ɣƅ²Ɗƈƅ§ ±·ŕ»»Ŧƈƅ§ ÀƔ»»ƔƂś ¿»»Š£ Á»»ƈ ¯»»Ű±śƅ§ şƈ§±»»ŗà À¯»»ƅ§ ª§±ŕ»»ŗśŦ§ ¡§±»»Š¥ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ©±¯»»Ƃƅ§ ©¯ŕ»»Ɣ² µŕ۱ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬśƅ§ ±ŝ£ ¼ƔſŦś ÁōŮŗ řƔƊƎƈƅ§Ã řƈŕŸƅ§. œŶŕœŪÅ :ŗ¶Ť ®Ů° œƌƆƒƒƀř ¾œƆŵƕ¦ 17- ¡§¯Ɨ§ ª§±»»Ů¤ƈà ¿»»ƈŸƅ§ ř»»·Ŧ ª§²»»ŠƊƈ ÁōŮ»»ŗ ²»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛŕ»»Šƈŗ ř»»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ ř»»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»»Ɓ±žƗ§ Á»»ƈ ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ³ƈśƆś»»ŬÊÅÃƊŬ ³ŕŬ£ ƑƆŷ ¾ƅ°Ã . 18- ƓƆƔ ŕƈƈ ¿Ƅ ¿ƈŸƅ§ ř·Ŧ ÀƔƔƂśƅ ª§±Ů¤ƈƅ§ ¿ƈŮśŬÃ: )£( °ƒƒœŶƆƃ¦Â Šő¦ÂƄƃ¦Â Àƒƈ¦Âƀƃ¦ œƒƆŪ° ©®Ɔřŵ¦ Ƒřƃ¦ À¦®Ƅŕƃ¦ ®®ŵÅ / «œºřƈ¤ ƏºƄŵ ŗºŕœſ°ƃ¦ µ°Žƃ ŗƆ±ƄƆƃ¦ ©¦ ¦°ŞƗ¦ ¢ ÀººƆ ´ƄŤřƃœººŕ ŗººŮœŤ ŗŽŮººŕ ¿œººƆřƋƙ¦ ŴººƆ ƊƆ¦®ŤřººŪ¦Â ƊººŶƒŕ Ɖ°ƒ®Ůººř ´œººŮ°ƃ¦ ƏººƄŵ ĺºřšƒ įººƃ¦ ƚºº¶ƃ¦ ¿ƌŪºř ðºŤ¢ µ¦°ºŹ¢ Ƒºż ŗƆ®ŤřŪºƆƃ¦ ´œºŮ°ƃ¦ ƏºƄŵ ĺřšƒ Ƒºřƃ¦ ƚº¶ƃ¦ ¸¦Âƈ¢Â Ƒż°Ť±ƃ¦ ƚ¶ƃ¦ Ƒż ´œŮ°ƃ¦ ƃ¦ Əƃ¤ ¾œŽ¶ƕ¦ µ°Ŷř Ƒż §ƃœźƃ¦ Ƒż´œŮ° 7 »¦®Ƌƕ¦: 2013 30§¯Ɔŗ Æ 2015 70±ŝƄ£ ã §¯Ɔŗ Æ 2020 Á§¯Ɔŗƅ§ ŶƔƈŠ )¨( ´œºŮ°ƃ¦ ©œºŕƂ°Ɔ ¿¦®ŤřºŪ¦ Àºŵ ©ºŶƈřƆ¦Â ƑƆƃœºŶƃ¦ »ƃœºšřƃ¦ ¾ºƆŶŕ ©ºƆ±řƃ¦ Ƒºřƃ¦ ƚº¶Ƅƃ ŗºŞřƈƆƃ¦ ©œƂ°Ŭºƃ¦ ®®ºŵ œƌŶƈŮř Ƒřƃ¦ Ƒż°Ť±ƃ¦ ƚ¶ƃ¦ ¸¦Âƈ¢ ŴƒƆŞ Ƒż »œŰƆƃ¦ď É. »¦®Ƌƕ¦: 2013 À§²śƅ§5·Ɔƅ ÁƔŸƊŰƈ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŸŗ ŕƔƊƆŷ ŕƈ§²śƅ§ ¡ƜÆ Æ 2015 ¹ŕƊśƈ§50řžŕŲƈƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈ À§¯ŦśŬ§ Áŷ ¡Ɯ·Ɔƅ ŕŸƊŰƈ Æ Đ Ê 2020 µŕ»»»»Ű±ƅ§ ªŕ»»»»ŗƄ±ƈ À§¯Ŧś»»»»Ŭ§ Á»»»»ŷ ¡Ɯ»»»»·ƅ§ ƓŸƊŰ»»»»ƈ Ŷ»»»»ƔƈŠ ¹ŕ»»»»Ɗśƈ§ řƔÃƅÃƗ§ ª§° ªƛŕŠƈƅ§ Ɠž řžŕŲƈƅ§ )¬( Ɔ ÀŋŬŕ Ƒƈ¶Âƃ¦ ƑŵÂƃ¦ œƂ¯¤ ŗ¶Ŭƈ¢ ¯Žƈř Ƒřƃ¦ À¦®Ƅŕƃ¦ ®®ŵ´œŮ°ƃ¦ ƏƄŵ ÄÂřšƒ įƃ¦ ƚ¶ƃ¦ °¶œŤ. »¦®Ƌƕ¦: 2013 ÀƔ»»¸Ɗś5 µŕ»»Ű±ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬ»»śƅ§ Á»»ƈ ř»»ƔŕƁÃƆƅ ř»»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ř»»ƔŷÃśƅ§ Àû»Ɣƅ Á§¯»»Ɔŗ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»»»śţƔ Å°»»»»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»»»»·ƅ§ ±·ŕ»»»»»Ŧƈ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ ²»»»»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ Ŷ»»»»»ƈ µŕ۱ƅ§ 2015 ÀƔ¸Ɗś10 µŕ»Ű±ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬ»śƅ§ Á»ƈ ř»ƔŕƁÃƆƅ ř»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ř»ƔŷÃśƅ§ ÀûƔƅ Á§¯»Ɔŗ ¡Ɯ»»»»»·ƅ§ ±·ŕ»»»»»Ŧƈ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ ²»»»»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ Ŷ»»»»»ƈ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»»»śţƔ Å°»»»»»ƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ 2020 ÀƔ»»¸Ɗś40 µŕ»»Ű±ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬ»»śƅ§ Á»»ƈ ř»»ƔŕƁÃƆƅ ř»»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ř»»ƔŷÃśƅ§ Àû»Ɣƅ §¯»»Ɔŗ Æ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ Åû»»»»śţƔ Å°»»»»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»»»»·ƅ§ ±·ŕ»»»»»Ŧƈ Ƒ»»»»»Ɔŷ ²»»»»»ƔƄ±śƅ§ Ŷ»»»»»ƈ µŕ۱ƅ§ )¯( ƚ¶ƃ¦ Ƒż ´œŮ°ƃ¦ ƏƄŵ œŰƀƄƃ ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ ¾Ɔŵ Ƒż ÀƒƂ°œŬƆƃ¦ ÀƒƆƋœŪƆƃ¦ ®®ŵ. »¦®Ƌƕ¦: 2013 řƄ±ŕŮƈ30 ŕƈƍŕŬƈ Æ)ªŕ»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Áƈ ( ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¿»ƈŷ Ɠ»ž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ 2015 řƄ±ŕŮƈ50 ŕƈƍŕŬƈ Æ)ªŕ»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Áƈ ( ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¿»ƈŷ Ɠ»ž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ 2020 řƄ±ŕŮƈ70 ŕƈƍŕŬƈ Æ)ªŕ»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Áƈ ( ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¿»ƈŷ Ɠ»ž ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ 19- śƅ§ ř»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»ƅ§ ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà ř»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ À¯ƂƔ»»Ŭà Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ŕ»»ƈÃƈŷ ²±»»ţƈƅ§ À¯»»Ƃśƅ§ Á»»ŷ ř»»Ɣ±Ã¯ƅ§ ±Ɣ±ŕ»»ƂÆ Ê ©±§¯ƙ Ɠƅï»ƅ§ ±ƈś¤»ƈƅ§ ª§±Ã¯ ±Ɣ±ŕ»Ƃśƅ§ Ƌ°»ƍ ƑƂƆśś»Ŭ Ɠ»śƅ§ ªŕ»ƎŠƅ§ ¿ƈŮ»śŬà ¿ŕ»ƈŷƗ§ ř»·Ŧƅ ¡§¯Ɨ§ ª§±»Ů¤ƈ ³ŕ»Ŭ£ řœŮŕƊ řƔśŕŬŕƔŬ řƔŲƂƄ ƌśƔƛà ªţś ¹ÃŲÃƈƅ§ §°ƍ ÁōŮŗ ²±ţƈƅ§ À¯Ƃśƅ§ ¶§±ŸśŬ§ űŠƔ Å°ƅ§ řƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ãƈƅ§Ê . œƈƆœśÅ :ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ ŗƒÂŰŵ 20- ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ řţƆŰ»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»Ű£ ÀŕƈŲ»Ɗ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ §±»ƔŗƄ §¯ŕ»ƈśŷ§ Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ƌ»ŸŗśƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¿ŕ»ƈŷƗ§ ş»ƎƊ ¯»ƈśŸƔÆ Æµŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ řƔŲ»Ƃƅ Å¯Ű»śƅŕŗ ÀƎƈ§²»śƅ§Ã ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ Ɠ»ž . ¿»Ƅ řţƆŰ»ƈƅ§ ¨ŕţ»Ű£ ¿ƈŮ»Ɣ ¯»Ɓà Ɠ»ƆƔ ŕ»ƈƈ : ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţƅ§)à ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»»ž ŕ»ƈŗřŰ»»ŰŦśƈƅ§ ªƛŕ»ƄÃƅ§ Á»»ŷ ƜŲ»ž ¿»»ƈŸƅ§Ã řŷŕƊŰ»ƅ§Ã řţŰ»ƅ§Ã ř»»œƔŗƅ§ ª§±§²Æ( ŕ»»»ƈŗ ř»»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»»ƔŻ ªŕ»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ř»»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ªŕ»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»»»œƔƎƅ§Ã ƓƊ¯»»»ƈƅ§ Ŷ»»»ƈśŠƈƅ§ ªŕ»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈ ¾»»»ƅ° Ɠ»»»ž µŕ»Ŧƅ§ ¹ŕ»·Ƃƅ§Ã ÀƜ»ŷƙ§ ¿œŕ»ŬÃà ªŕ»ŸƈŕŠƅ§Ã ř»Ɣ±ƔŦƅ§ ªŕ»ƔŸƈŠƅ§Ã ř»ƔƈƔƆƁƙ§ . ƓŸƊŰ»ƈ µŕ»Ŧƅ§ ¹ŕ»·Ƃƅ§ ¿ƈŮ»Ɣà 8 ©±ƔżŰ»ƅ§ ªŕƄ±Ů»ƅ§Ã ř»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ řƔŷŕƊŰ»ƅ§ ªŕ»·ŗ§±ƅ§ Á»ŷ ƜŲ»ž ř»œ²Šśƅ§ ±ŕ»ŠśÃ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ªŕ»ŗƔƄ±ś ů»Ÿƈà ºŕŗ»ŰƗ§Æ ÀŠţƅ§ ř·ŬÃśƈƅ§Ã. 21- Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¡ŕŲ»ŷ£ Ƒŷ¯»ƔÃÊ"ÁÃƈƍŕŬ»ƈ ." ¿»»Š£ Á»ƈ ¿»ƈŸƅ§ Àŷ¯»ŗ ŕ»ƊƆŷ ¯»ƎŸśƅ§ ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»ƈƅ§ Ŷ»»ƔƈŠ Ƒ»Ɔŷ Ɠ»żŗƊƔÃÆ »ƊśŬà Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ªŕ»ƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯»ƍ£ ½»ƔƂţśƓƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƆƅ Ɠ»ƊñśƄƅƙ§ Ŷ»ƁÃƈƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÀƎœŕƈ»Ŭōŗ ř»ƈœŕƁ ±Ů . ¯»Ɓà ƓƆƔ ŕƈƈ ¿Ƅ ÁÃƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ ¿ƈŮƔ : )£( Ɠ»śƅ§Ã µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ À§¯Ŧś»Ŭ§ Á»ƈ ŕƔŠƔ±¯»ś ªŰ»ƆŦś Ɠ»śƅ§ Á§¯»ƆŗƆƅ ř»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§ ªŕ»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Ɠ»ƆŝƈƈÆŸśŬ»»ƈƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Á»»ƈ ŕ»»ƍ±ƔŻ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ©¯ŷŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ ÀƔ¯»»ƂśÃ ª§±»»ŗŦƅ§ ¿¯ŕ»»ŗś Ɠ»»ž ¨»»Ż±ś ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Ɠ»»Ɔŝƈƈ ¾ƅ°»»Ƅà ¾ƅ°»»ƅ ©¯ ŕƎƔž ¹ŕŗƔ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ ¿§²Ɣ ƛ Ɠśƅ§ Á§¯ƆŗƆƅ řƔƊ·Ãƅ§ )¨( ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ ÁƔ»»ŗ ¾±śŮ»»ƈƅ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗƆƅ ř»»Ÿŗŕśƅ§ řƄ±ŕŮ»»ƈƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ ¿»»ŝƈ ř»»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ ř»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ Ɠ»»Ɔŝƈƈ řƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§ÃƈƆƅ řƈƔƆŬƅ§ ©±§¯ƚƅ )¬( § řŷŕƊŰ ƓƆŝƈƈà ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ŶƊŰ»ś Ɠ»śƅ§ řƔƊ·Ãƅ§Ã řƔƅïƅ§ ªŕƄ±Ůƅ§Ã ªŕƊŕƍ¯ƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ·ƅĐ Ê / Ɠ»śƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ ªŕ»ŗƔƄ±ś ¯»Ÿś ã ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ řŷŕƊŰ Ɠž ŕƎƈ§¯ŦśŬƛ µŕ۱ƅ§ ªŕŗƄ±ƈŗ ÁƔŸƊŰƈƅ§ ï²ś )¯( řţŰƅ§Ã ÁŕƄŬƙ§Ã ¨·ƅ§ ÁäŮŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ řƔƊ·Ãƅ§Ã řƔƅïƅ§ ªŕƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ )»ƍ( Šƈƅ§ Ɠž ©±ŗŦƅ§ Åð Áƈ ÁƔƔƈƔ¯ŕƄƗ§ řƆŰƅ§ ª§° ªƛŕ )Ã( Ɠ»»ž ©±»»ŗŦ ŕƎƔ¯»»ƅ Ɠ»»śƅ§Ã ř»»ƔœƔŗƅ§ řţŰ»»ƅ§ ¿œŕŬ»»ƈ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ¿»»ƈŸś Ɠ»»śƅ§ ř»»ƔƊ·Ãƅ§Ã ř»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»ƔŻ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ Ɠ»»Ɔŝƈƈ ƓƊ·Ãƅ§ ã ƓŸƈśŠƈƅ§ ÄÃśŬƈƅ§ ƑƆŷ řƔŕƁÃƅ§ şƈ§±ŗ °ƔſƊś Ɠž ã ƓŷÃƅ§ ¡ŕƄ°¥ ªƜƈţ ÀƔ¸Ɗś ƓžÃ ±ÃƎƈŠƅ§ řƔŷÃś )²( Ãƅ§Ã ƓƆţƈƅ§ ÄÃśŬƈƅ§ ƑƆŷ ªŕŗŕƂƊƅ§Ɠƅïƅ§Ã ƓƊ·. 22- à ř»»ƔƊƔŷ ªŕƈƍŕŬ»»ƈ ¿Ƅ»»Ů Ɠ»»ž ªŕƈƍŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ ÀƔ¯»»Ƃś Á»»ƄƈƔà / ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŸƅ Ɠƅŕ»»ƈ À»»ŷ¯ ã ř»»ƔƊƂś ª§±»»ŗŦ ¿Ƅ»»Ů Ɠ»»ž ã Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ . ¿ƔƔ°»»»śƅ§ Åû»»śţƔÃ1 ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»»»ƈƅ§ ¨»»»Ɗ੠Á»»»ƈ ¿ƈƄśŬ»»»Ɣ ¨ŕ»»»·Ŧ ¬°Ã»»»ƈƊ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷà ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Á»»»ƈ ¯»»»Ɣ²ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ Ê ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ Ɠž ÀƎśƈƍŕŬƈ ¿ƔŠŬśƅ . œŶŪœřÅ :¾ƂƒƋ ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ 23- ř»»ƔƊÃŕŸś ©±¯ŕ»»ŗƈ ŕ»»ƈƊ§Ã ŕƔŬ»»Ŭ¤ƈ ŕ»»ƊŕƔƄ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ³Ɣ»»ƅǔ Æ Æ . ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà ř»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ ¯»»ŷ£ ¯»»Ƃž §°»»ƅà ½»»»Ɣ±ſƅ§ ±Ã¯ ¾»»»ƅ° Ɠ»»»ž ŕ»»»ƈŗ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƅŕŗ µŕ»»»Ŧƅ§ ¿»»»ƈŸƅ§ ªŕ»»»ŗƔś±ś ¼»»»ŰÃƅ ŕ»»»ƔƈƔ¸Ɗś §±ŕ»»»·¥ ř»»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»»ƅ§Æ Æƈŗ řƔƊŸƈƅ§ ¿ƈŸƅ§ řƁ±ž£Ã űŕŮśŬƛ§ ř»ƈŕŸƅ§ ªƛŕŰ»śƛ§ ÁōŮ»ŗ ¯ŕ»Ů±ƙ§ ÀƔ¯»Ƃśƅà řƔŸƔ»Ų§Ãƈƅ§ řŬ»ƈŦƅ§ ²ƔƄ±śƅ§ ªƛ੠řƔƅŕƈƅ§ ¿œŕŬƈƅ§ ÁōŮŗ ¯ŕٱƙ§ ¾ƅ°Ƅà ÀƎśŕƔƅäŬƈà ÁƔƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ ½ÃƂţà . ¼ƒ°Žƃ¦ Ä°œŬřŪƙ¦ ¿ƄŮƅ§2: ½Ɣ±ſƆƅ ƓƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ¿ƄƔƎƅ§ řƔŸƔŲ§Ãƈƅ§ řƆƈŕŸƅ§ řƁ±žƗ§Ã űŕŮśŬƛ§ ƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ řŸŗŕśƅ§Ɠƈ 9 24- ŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ Á»»ƈ ¿»»Ƅ ¿»»ƈŷ şƈ§±»»ŗà ªŕ»»ƔƛÃƅ ŕ»»ƂžÃ °»»ſƊƔ ¾±śŮ»»ƈ ¹Ã±Ů»»ƈƄ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŸƔÃÆ ř»»œƔ řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ řƈ¸Ɗƈà .Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ Á»ŷ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƆƅ §²Ƅ±ƈ ¿ŝƈƔ ƓƊñśƄƅ¥ ŶƁÃƈ ŒŮƊÊ£ ¯ƁÃÆ . §°»ƍ ¼ŕŲ»śŬƔÃÊ ±»ŗŷ ƌ»Ɣƅ¥ ¿Ã»ŰÃƅ§ Á»ƄƈƔà ř»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»ţśƈƅ§ À»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»Ɗ±ŗƅ Ŷŗŕśƅ§ řƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§ÃƈƆƅ ƓƊñśƄƅƙ§ ŶƁÃƈƅ§ Áƈ ¡²ŠƄ ŶƁÃƈƅ§ Ɠƅŕśƅ§ ·ŗ§±ƅ§ : http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardousubstances/LeadCadmium/ PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx GENERAL 25- ûƍà Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƆƅ űŕŮ»śŬƛ§ ½»Ɣ±ſƅ§ ¿ƔƄŮ»ś Ɠ»ž řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ řƈ¸Ɗƈà řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ±ŗ ¾±ŕŮà ƅ§ řŮ»ƁŕƊƈƅ řƈƎƈ řƔƅ¢ řŗŕŝƈŗ ²±»ţƈƅ§ À¯»Ƃśƅ§ ¶§±Ÿś»Ŭƛà ř»ſƆśŦƈƅ§ řƔŸƔ»Ų§Ãƈƅ§ ř»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»Ɓ±žƗ§ ÁƔ»ŗ řƄ±śŮ»ƈƅ§ ŕƔŕŲ»ƂÊ ř»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ ŕƍ¯»»ŸƔ Ɠ»»śƅ§ řƔƈ»»Ŭ±ƅ§ ř»»ƔƆţ±ƈƅ§ ±Ɣ±ŕ»»Ƃśƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ ªƜŦ¯»»ƈƅ§ ÀƔ¯»»Ƃśƅà Ƌ¯»»Ű±Ã ř·Ů»»ƊƗ§ Ɠ»»žÊ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŷ Á»»ŷ ř»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»ƅ§ ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà . ª»»Ɓ¤ƈ űŕŮ»»śŬ§ ½»»Ɣ±ž ¾ŕ»»Ɗƍà Àŕ»»ŷ °»»Ɗƈ ¿»»ƈŸƅŕŗ ŶƆ·Ų»»Ɣ 2011 . ƌ»ƅŕƈŷ£ ř»·Ŧà Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅŕŗ µŕ»Ŧƅ§ ƓƆƔżŮ»śƅ§ ±ŕ»·ƚƅ ³ŬƗ§ ªƁ¤ƈƅ§ űŕŮśŬƛ§ ½Ɣ±ſƅ§ ƑŬ±£ ¯Ɓà ŕƎśŕƔÃƅã ¯Ɣ¯ţśÃ řƔŸƔŲ§Ãƈƅ§ řƆƈŕŸƅ§ řƁ±žƗ§ ¿ƈŷ ··Ŧ Ɠž © ±¯§Ãƅ§ ±ŰŕƊŸƅ§ ÀŲŗ. 26- »»»ƈŸƅŕŗ ŶƆ·Ų»»»ś ª»»»Ɓ¤ƈƅ§ űŕŮ»»»śŬƛ§ ½»»»Ɣ±ſƅ§ ªŕƔ»»»ŰÃś Ƒ»»»ƅ¥ §¯ŕƊś»»»Ŭ§ÃÆ ř»»»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»»»Ɓ±žƗ§ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƆƅ Ɠƅŕ»»»ţƅ§ ¿ řŷŕƊŰ»ƅ§ ±»œ§Ã¯ ř»ƔŷÃśÃ ÀƔ»¸Ɗśƅ§Ã ŶƔ±Ů»śƅ§Ã ¿ŕ»ƈŸƅ§ řţ»Űà ř»ƔœƔŗƅ§Ã řƔţŰ»ƅ§ ¨»Ɗ§ÃŠƅŕŗ ř»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ řŬƈŦƅ§ řƔŸƔŲ§Ãƈƅ§ ¡ŕŲ»»śƁƛ§ ¨Ŭ»»ţ ¹ŕ»»ƈśŠƜƅ ř»»Ɓ±žƗ§ Ƌ°»»ƍ ř»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ ã ř»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»ƅ§ ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈ Ãŷ¯»»śÃ . ¼Ã»»Ŭà ř»»Ɓ±žƗ§ ¾±ŕŮ»»ś ¿»»ƈŷ ·»»·Ŧ ¯§¯»»ŷ¥ Ƒƅû»śśÃ ±»»Ůŕŗƈ û»ţƊ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ Ɠ»»ž ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ ï»»ƎŠ Ɠ»»ž ř»»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ¡ŕŲśƁƛ§ ¨Ŭţ řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ±ŗ Ŷƈ ã řƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ Ŷƈ ÁÃŕŸśƅŕŗ řƆŰſƈ . 27- ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ Á»»ƈ ¿»»Ƅà ř»»ƔƄƔ±ƈƗ§ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ ªŕ»»ƔƛÃƅ§Ã ŕ»»Ɣ±ƔŠƔƊ ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţ Á»»ŷ ÁƔ»»Ɔŝƈƈ ª»»Ɓ¤ƈƅ§ űŕŮ»»śŬƛ§ ½»»Ɣ±ſƅ§ ÀŲ»»Ɣà ř»»»Ɣƅŕśƅ§ ř»»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»»ƔŻ : ř»»»ŷŕŗ·ƅ§ ±ŕ»»»ŗţ£Ã ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ ªŕ»»»ŠśƊƈƅ Ɠƅï»»»ƅ§ ³»»»ƆŠƈƅ§Ã ¿ŕ»»»ſ·Ɨ§ ¡ŕ»»»ŗ·Ɨ ř»»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»»·ŗ§±ƅ§ ƓśŕƊƔŬ»»ƊƔŬ ř»»Ÿƈ੠Á»»ƈ ¡§±»»ŗŦƅ§Ã ř»»Ɣƅïƅ§ Ɠ»»Ƅã ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà ř»»śŗŕŝƅ§ řƔÃŲ»»Ÿƅ§ ªŕ»»ŝÃƆƈƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»»ƂƆƅ ř»»Ɣƅïƅ§ řƄŗŮ»»ƅ§Ã ÅÃƊƔƅ¥ řŸƈŕŠŗ řƈŕŸƅ§ řţŰƆƅ ÃŻŕƄƔŮ řƔƆƄÃ. 28- ŗ Ãŷ¯ƔŬà ¿»ƁƗ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÁƔśƊŬ ¿Ƅ ©±ƈ Ɠƈƅŕŷ įśƊƈ ¯ŕƂŸƊ§ Ƒƅ¥ řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ řƈ¸Ɗƈà řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ± ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ ¿»ƈŷ ¶§±Ÿś»Ŭ§Ã ÀƔ¯»Ƃśƅà Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ Ƌ²±»ţƔ Å°»ƅ§ À¯»Ƃśƅ§ Á»ŷ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¿¯ŕŗśƅ ©¯ŷŕƁ řŗŕŝƈŗ ÁÃƄƔƅ »»»ƈŸƅ§ ²»»»ſţà ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»»»ƈƅ§ ÁƔ»»»ŗ ª§±»»»ŗŦƅ§Ã ªŕ»»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¿¯ŕ»»»ŗśÃ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ƓƆŗƂśŬ»»»ƈƅ§ ¿ . ¹ŕ»»»ƈśŠƛ§ ã į»»»śƊƈƅ§ ÀŲ»»»ƔŬà ř»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»ƔŻ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ř»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Á»»ŷ ÁƔ»»Ɔŝƈƈ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ . řƄ±ŕŮ»»ƈ ŕŲ»»Ɣ£ ŕśś»»ŬÃÆ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŷ Ɠ»»ž ÁÃƈƍŕŬ»»Ɣ ÁƔ°»»ƅ§ ¯§±»»žƗ§ Á»»ƈ ¡§±»»ŗŦƅ§ . Áŕ»»Ƅƈà ¯»»ŷÃƈŗ ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ Ŷ»»ƔƈŠ ±ŕ»»·Ŧ¥ ÀśƔ»»Ŭà ƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ªŕŷŕƈśŠ§Ɠ. 29- ƌ»»»ƂƔ±žÃ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƆƅ ř»»»ƊŕƈƗ§ ¿ŕ»»»ƈŷ£ ř»»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»»ƅ§ ř»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà ř»»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»»Ɗ±ŗ û»»ſ øƈ Ƒƅû»»śƔà Ɠ»»ƈƔ¸Ɗśƅ§ ŕ»»ƈƎƆƄƔƍÃ ŕ»»ƈƎƊƈ ¿»»Ƅ ř»»Ɣƛà ¨»»ŠÃƈŗ řƔŸƔ»»Ų§Ãƈƅ§ ř»»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»»Ɓ±žƗ§ ¿»»ƈŸƅà űŕŮ»»śŬƛ§ . ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈ ƑƅÃśś»»Ŭà § ř»ƆƈŕŸƅ§ ř»Ɓ±žƗŕŗ ½ƆŸśƈƅ§ ¿ƈŸƅ§ Àŷ¯ řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ ƑƅûśƔà ¿ŕ»ƈŸƅ§ řţ»Űà řţŰ»ƅ§ ¨»Ɗ§ÃŠŗ ř»ƔƊŸƈƅ§ řƔŸƔ»Ų§Ãƈƅ ÀƔ¸Ɗśƅ§Ã ŶƔ±Ůśƅ§Ã řŷŕƊŰƅ§ ±œ§Ã¯ řƔŷÃśÃ řœƔŗƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠŗ ½ƆŸśƈƅ§ ¿ƈŸƅ§ Àŷ¯ řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ±ŗ . °Ŭŵ Ä®œš :ŗƒƃœƆƃ¦ §ƈ¦ÂŞƃ¦ 30- »»ž ©¯ŷŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ Á»»ŷà ÀƎś·Ů»»Ɗ£ ¿»»ƔÃƈś Á»»ŷ ÁƔƅäŬ»»ƈ Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ Ɠ»»ž ÁÃƈƍŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ ¯»»ŸƔÊ ř»»ţƊŕƈƅ§ ªŕ»»ƎŠƅ§ ¯»»Ɣ¯ţś Ɠ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ŕƈŷ£ ř·Ŧ Áƈ ıŦƗ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƆƅ ±¯§Ãƈƅ§ ±ƔžÃśŗ ÀśƎś Ɠśƅ§ řƆƈśţƈƅ§ . 31- ±ž§Ã»»śŗ ŕ»»Ɗƍ± Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŷ Àŷ¯»»ƅ ±¯§Ã»»ƈƅ§ ř»»ƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰ»»ƅ§ ř»»ƈ¸Ɗƈà ř»»œƔŗƆƅ ©¯»»ţśƈƅ§ À»»ƈƗ§ şƈŕ»»Ɗ±ŗ À¯ƂƔ»»ŬÃÆ »»ƈƅ§ ř»»œŗŸśƅ ï»»ƎŠ Á»»ƈ Ƌƛ°»»ŗƔ ŕ»»ƈ Á»»ŷ şśŕ»»Ɗƅ§ ¿»»ƔÃƈśƅ§±¯§Ã . ¼Ɣƅŕ»»Ƅśƅ§Ã ÁƔſ ø»»ƈƅ§ ř»»ſƆƄś ¾»»ƅ° Ɠ»»·żƔ Á£ Ŷ»»ƁÃśƈƅ§ Á»»ƈà ¿œŕ»Ŭ±ƅ§Ã ªŕ»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¬°ŕ»ƈƊ ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»ž ŕ»ƈŗ ř»ƔŷÃśƅ§Ã ªƛŕŰ»śƛ§ ř·Ů»Ɗ£Ã ř»Ɣ¯ƁŕŸśƅ§ ªŕ»Ɓŕſśƛ§ ¾»ƅ° Ɠ»ž ŕ»ƈŗ řƔƆƔżŮ»śƅ§ ¿»ƁƗ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÁƔśƊ»Ŭ ¿»Ƅ ©±»ƈ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ įśƊƈƅ ¹ŕƈśŠ§ ¯Ƃŷà µŰŦƈ ƓƊñśƄƅ¥ ŶƁÃƈ řžŕŲśŬ§Ã řƔ±ŕŗŦƙ§ 10 Á»»»Ƅƈ£ ŕ»»»ƈŝƔţ ř»»»ƔƅŕƂśƊ§ ř»»»Ɔţ±ƈŗ ±»»»ƈś Ɠ»»»śƅ§ ª§¯ŕŰ»»»śƁƛ§Ã ř»»»ƔƈŕƊƅ§ Á§¯»»»Ɔŗƅ§ řƄ±ŕŮ»»»ƈ Àŷ¯»»»ƅ . Àŕ»»»ŷ Ɠ»»»žÃ2012 ªƈŬ»»»śƁ§ źƅŕŗƅ§ ÁƔſ øƈƅ§ Áƈ ±¯§Ãƈƅ§ ¹ÃƈŠƈ Áŕśƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§8‚0 µŦŮ /ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ř·ŮƊƗ řƊŬ. 32- ©±śſƅ§ ƓžÃ2010-2012ŕ»ƈśŠƛ§ ¯»ƂŸƅ Ɠƅŕ»ƈƅ§ Àŷ¯ƅ§ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ªŕƔƛÃƅ§ řƈÃƄţ ªƈ¯Ɓ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƆƅ Ɠœ¯»ŗƈƅ§ ƓƆƔżŮ»śƅ§ ¹ ±ŕ»»Ɣ£ Ɠ»»ž Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ / ÃƔŕ»»ƈ2010²Ã»»ƈś Ɠ»»ž Ɠƈƅŕ»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƆƅ ƓƊŕ»»ŝƅ§ ¹ŕ»»ƈśŠƛ§Ã / û»ƔƅÃƔ2012 . ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţ ªƈƍŕ»»Ŭà ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ řƔƅÃƗ§ ¡¯ŗƅ§ řƆţ±ƈ ¿ƜŦ řƔƆƔżŮśƅ§ ¼ƔƅŕƄśƅ§ Ɠž ¯ƔÃŬƅ§Ã şƔñƊƅ§Ã ŕƔƊŕƈƅ£Ì . 33- ©±»»Ůŕŗƈ ©¯¯»»ţƈ ŶƔ±ŕŮ»»ƈŗ µŕ»»Ŧƅ§ Àŷ¯»»ƅ§ À¯»»ƁÃÊ ¿ŕ»»ŗƔƊ Á»»ƈ ¿»»Ƅ Ɠ»»ž ř»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»ƔŻ ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ Á»»ƈ ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»»ƅ¥ şƈŕ»Ɗ±ŗà ř»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»ƈƆƅ ř»Ɣƅïƅ§ ©±§¯ƚ»ƅ ƓŠƔś§±ś»Ŭƛ§ şƎƊ»ƅ§ ¨Ɗ੠Áƈ ÁñƔƈŕƄƅ§Ã"řŸƔ±Ŭ»ƅ§ ř»Ɣ§¯ŗƅ§ " Ɠ»śƅ§ ř·Ů»ƊƘƅ şƈŕƊ±ŗ ¨Ɗ੠Áƈà ƓŷÃƅ§ ¡ŕƄ°¥ ƑƆŷ ²Ƅ±ś"ŕƔ»Ŭ¢ ¿Ã»ţś) "SWITCH Asia (»Ŭ Ɠ»ž Ɠ»ŗñÃƗ§ ¯ŕ»ţśƜƅ Ŷŗໜƅ§ ½ŕƔ ŕƔ»»Ŭ¢ Á§¯»»Ɔŗ Á»»ƈ řŸŗ»»Ŭ Ɠ»»ž ÁƔƈ§¯śŬ»»ƈƅ§ ¾ƜƎś»»Ŭƛ§Ã ¬ŕ»»śƊƙ§ ©±¯ŕ»»ŗƈ . ř»»œƔŗƅ§ ½»»ž±ƈ ±¯§Ã»»ƈƅ ³ƈŕ»»Ŧƅ§ ¯»»Ɣ¯Šśƅ§ ¨»»ŠÃƈŗà ½»ž±ƈƅ§ řƔŠƔś§±ś»Ŭ§ Á»ƈ §¡²»Š µŕ»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ÅûśţƔ Å°»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»·ƅ§ Ƒ»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»Ƃƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ř»Ɣƈ§±ƅ§ ŶƔ±ŕŮ»ƈƅ§ ¯Ÿś řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§Æ ÊşƎƊ»»»ƅ§ ŕƔŕŲ»»»Ƃŗ ½»»»ƆŸśƔ ŕ»»»ƈƔž ř»»»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ãƈƅŕ»»»ŗ ř»»»ŰŕŦƅ§ řƔśŕŬŕƔŬ»»»ƅ§ ř»»»ƔœŕƔƈƔƄƅ§ ¯§Ã»»»ƈƆƅ ř»»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ©±§¯ƚ»»»ƅ ƓŠƔś§±ś»»»Ŭƛ§ řœŮŕƊƅ§ . 34- ¿ƔƔ°»»»śƅ§ À¯»»»ƂƔÃ2 ©±»»»śſƆƅ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ Ɠ»»»ž µŕ»»»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»»»ƂƆƅ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţśƆƅ řƔ¯ŕ»»»Ů±¥ ř»»»ƔƊ§²Ɣƈ 2013-2015. 11 ¾ƒƒ¯řƃ¦1 Appendix 1 ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƆƅ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ œƆŰƈƙ¦ Àŵ ©œƆÂƄŶƆÀƒƆƋœŪƆƄƃ ¿ ¼§¯ƍƗ§ ½ƔƂţś ¿Š£ Áƈ ŕƍ²ſţà řţƆŰƈƅ§ ¨ŕţŰ£ Áƈ řŷÃƊśƈ řŷÃƈŠƈ ïƎŠ ²ƔƄ±ś Ƒƅ¥ ƑŸŬś řƔƊÃŕŸś řƔŷ÷ ©±¯ŕŗƈ Ãƍ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ Å°ƅ§ ¡Ɯ·Ɔƅ ƓƊƎƈƅ§ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ Áƈ ¯ţƅ§Ã ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ Áƈ ¿ŕſ·Ɨ§ řƔŕƁà ÁōŮŗ řƔƅïƅ§ . ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¯ŸƔÃÊ ŕŸƅ§řƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ řƈ¸Ɗƈà řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ±ŗ ÁƔŗ ŕƄ±śŮƈ §¯ƎŠ ƓƈƅÆ Æ. œƆƋœŪƆ ŠŕŮř À¢ ƑƈŶƒ ¦¯œƆÅ É x ¼ƅŕ»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»ƈŸƅ ř»»ƈŕŸƅ§ ªŕ»»Ɣŕżƅ§Ã ¼§¯»»ƍƗ§ ½»»ƔƂţśŗ À§²»»śƅƛ§ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§. xà ř»Ɣƅŕƈƅ§ řƈƍŕŬ»ƈƅ§ / ¯§¯»ŷ¥ Ɠ»ž ř»ƔƊƂśƅ§ ª§±ŗŦƅŕ»ŗ ř»ƔƊƔŸƅ§ ã £ ½»»ƔƂţś Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ¯ŷŕŬ»»ś Ɠ»»śƅ§ ř·Ů»»ƊƗ§ °»»ƔſƊśÃ ªŕ»»ƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯»»ƍ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§. xƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ ƓƆƔżŮśƅ§ ±ŕ·ƚƅ ŕƂžÃ ¿ƈŸƅ§Æ. xŕƊƆŷ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ Ɠž ÀƍŕŬƈƄ ¾ŗ ¼Ɣ±Ÿśƅ§Æ. x Ŷ»»ƈ řƄ±ŕŮ»»ƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»»ƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ¿¯ŕ»»ŗśÃ řƄŗŮ»»ƅ§ ¿»»Ŧ§¯ ¿»»Ű§Ãśƅ§ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ Ɠž ÁƔ±Ŧƕ§ ÁƔƈƍŕŬƈƅ§. ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ ©œƒœŹÂ »¦®Ƌ¢ śƆƅ Àŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼¯»»»Ǝƅ§ ¿»»»ŝƈśƔ Å°»»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»»·ƅ§ Ƒ»»»Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ»»»Ƃƅ§ Ɠ»»»ž Ɠƈƅŕ»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»ţ Áƈ ¯ţƅ§Ã µŕ۱Ɔƅ ¶±Ÿśƅ§ Áƈ ¿ŕſ·Ɨ§ řƔŕƁÃƅ µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ÅÃśţƔ µŕ»»Ű±ƅ§ Ƒ»»Ɔŷ Åû»śţƔ Å°»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·Ɔƅ Ɠ»»ƊƎƈƅ§ ¶±»»Ÿśƅ§ . ř»»Ɣŕżƅ§ ¿»»ŝƈśśÃ Åû»śţƔ Å°»»ƅ§ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ Ŷ»»Ɣŗà řŷŕƊ»»Ű Ƒ»»Ɔŷ ƓŠƔ±¯»»śƅ§ ¡ŕŲ»»Ƃƅ§ Ɠ»»ž ř»»ƈŕŸƅ§ ƈƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¼ŕ·ƈƅ§ řƔŕƎƊ Ɠž ¡ŕŲƂƅ§Ã µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ŕ»Ǝţ±·Ɣ Ɠśƅ§ ±·ŕŦ ¡Ɯ»»·ƅ§ Á»»ƈ ¹Ã»»Ɗƅ§ §°»»ƍ . ªŕ»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ªŕ»»ƈÃƄţƅ§ Ɠ»»Ɔŝƈƈ řƄ±ŕŮ»»ƈ ŶŠŮ»»śÃČ ªŕ»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈ ¾»»»ƅ° Ɠ»»»ž ŕ»»»ƈŗ ř»»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ±»»»ƔŻ ªŕ»»»ƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ř»»»Ɣƅïƅ§ ř»»»ƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ªŕ»»ŸƈŕŠƅ§Ã ř»»Ɣ±ƔŦƅ§ ªŕ»»ƔŸƈŠƅ§Ã ř»»ƔƈƔƆƁƙ§ ªŕ»»œƔƎƅ§Ã ƓƊ¯»»ƈƅ§ Ŷ»»ƈśŠƈƅ§ ƈƅ§ ÁƔƈśƎƈƅ§ ¡§±ŗŦƅ§Ã µŕŦƅ§ ¹ŕ·Ƃƅ§Ã ÀƜŷƙ§ ¿œŕŬÃÃŕƎƔƅ¥ ÁƔƈśƊ. ²»»»»ƔƄ±ś ªƛŕ»»»»Šƈ řŬ»»»»ƈŦ ¿Ɯ»»»»Ŧ Á»»»»ƈ Ɠƈƅŕ»»»»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»»»»ţśƅ§ ¿»»»»ƈŷ À¸Ɗ»»»»ƔÃČ Êƛ£ ƓƍÃ: 1(řƔœƔŗƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§ 2(řƔţŰƅ§ ¨Ɗ§ÃŠƅ§ 3(¿ŕƈŸƅ§ řţŰ 4(Ţœ§ÃƆƅ§Ã ªŕŸƔ±Ůśƅ§ 5(řŷŕƊŰƅ§ ±œ§Ã¯ řƔŷÃś. ƚ¶ƃ¦ Ƒż ´œŮ°ƃ¦ ƏƄŵ œŰƀƄƃ ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ Əƃ¤ ¿œƆŰƈƙ¦ ŗƒŽƒƂ řƔƈÃƄţƅ§ ª§±§¯ƙ§ ƑƆŷ ƓżŗƊƔ ÁƜ»ŷƚƅ ŕ»Ɣ§ÃƊ ¨ŕ»·Ŧ ÀƔ¯»Ƃś Ɠƈƅŕ»Ÿƅ§ ¼ƅŕ»ţśƅ§ Ɠ»ž ÁƔƈƍŕŬ»ƈƅ§ Ƒ»ƅ¥ ÀŕƈŲ»Ɗƛ§ Ɠ»ž ÁƔŗŻ§±»ƅ§ ¯§±»žƗ§Ã ªŕƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§Ã ©¯¯»ţƈƅ§ ª§±¯ŕ»ŗƈƅ§ Áŷ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ ÀƔ¯ƂśÃ ¡Ɯ·ƅ§ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƆƅ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ řƈŕŸƅ§ ªŕƔŕżƅ§Ã ¼§¯ƍƗŕŗ ÀƍŕŬƈƅ§ À§²śƅ§ Áŷ à ¼§¯ƍƗ§ Àŷ¯ƅ ŕƍ°ƔſƊś űŠƔ Ɠśƅ§ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ řƈŕŸƅ§ ªŕƔŕżƅ§. ÀƆ ¾Ƃ Əƃ¤ œƒ¦Âƈƃ¦ §œ¶Ť ¿ƒ®ƀř ƏŞ°ƒ: Head,ChemicalsBranch UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme DivisionofTechnology,IndustryandEconomics 11Ͳ13,ChemindesAnémones CHͲ1212Châtelaine,Geneva,Switzerland Fax:+41227973460 EͲmail:lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org DirectorPublicHealthandEnvironment WorldHealthOrganization PublicHealthandEnvironment 20AvenueAppia CHͲ1211Geneva27Switzerland Fax:+41227914127 EͲmail:noleadpaint@who.int řƈ¸Ɗƈà řœƔŗƆƅ ©¯ţśƈƅ§ ÀƈƗ§ şƈŕƊ±ŗŗ ¿ŕŰśƛ§ ƑŠ±Ɣ ªŕƈÃƆŸƈƅ§ Áƈ ¯Ɣ²ƈƅřƔƈƅŕŸƅ§ řţŰƅ§ƋƜŷ£ ÁƔ ±¯§Ãƅ§ ÁƔƊ§ÃƊŸƅ§ ƑƆŷ . /HAZARDOUSUBSTANCES/ORG.UNEP.WWW/:/HTTP )SECTION ON GAELP( 12 ¨ŕ·Ŧƅ§ ¬°ÃƈƊ ŕƎƔƆŷ ŶƔƁÃśƅ§Ã řƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ řŬƔñś ¿ƈţś řƁ±Ã ƑƆŷ ¨ŕ·Ŧƅ§ řŷŕŗ· ƑŠ±ƔÊ ťƔ±ŕśƅ§ ±ƈƗ§ ƌƈƎƔ Áƈ Ƒƅ¥ ¸ŰÂƆƃ¦ : ƑƆƃœŶƃ¦ »ƃœšřƃ¦ ¾Ɔŵ Ƒż ÀƒƆƋœŪƆƃ¦ Əƃ¤ ¿œƆŰƈƙ¦ §Ƅ¶ ƚ¶ƃ¦ Ƒż ´œŮ°ƃ¦ ƏƄŵ œŰƀƄƃ ÁţƊ] µŦŮƅ§ ÀŬ§ ã řƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ ÀŬ§ [ Ɠž µŕ۱ƅ§ ƑƆŷ ¡ŕŲƂƆƅ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ªŕƔŕŻÃ ¼§¯ƍ£ ¯Ɣ¤Ɗ ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ Ɠž ÁƔƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ Ƒƅ¥ ÀŕƈŲƊƛ§ Ɠž ¨Ż±Ɗà ¡Ɯ·ƅ§. ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƅ§ ¿ƈŷ Ƒƅ¥ ŕƎƈƔ¯Ƃś Ɠž ¨Ż±Ɗ Ɠśƅ§ řƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ ¼Űà ƓƆƔ ŕƈƔžÃ: ] ƅŕƈƅ§ ã řƔƊƔŸƅ§ řƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ ¼Űà ¿ŕŦ¯¥řƈƍŕŬƈƅ§ Ƌ°ƍ ƌƔž À¯ƂśŬ Å°ƅ§ ƓƊƈ²ƅ§ ±ŕ·ƙ§Ã řƔ [ §°ƍ À§²śƅƛ§ ¨ŕ·Ŧ Áƈ řŦŬƊ ±ŮƊ ÀśƔŬ ƌƊ£Ã řƔƊÃƊŕƂƅ§ řƔţŕƊƅ§ Áƈ ŕƈ²Ɔƈ ¯ŸƔ ƛ §°ƍ ŕƔ§ÃƊƅ§ ¨ŕ·Ŧ Á£ ¾±¯ƊÃÆ Ê ÀŬ§Ã] µŦŮƅ§ ÀŬ§ ã řƈ¸Ɗƈƅ§ ÀŬ§ ¿ŕŦ¯¥ [ƓƈƅŕŸƅ§ ¼ƅŕţśƆƅ ƓƊñśƄƅƙ§ ŶƁÃƈƅ§ ƑƆŷ ŕƔƊƆŷ §±ŮƊÆ Æ. ÃŗƂŗ §ÃƆŲſśÃÀ§±śţƛ§ ½œŕž ¿ 13 ¾ƒ ƒ¯řƃ ¦ 2 °¨ř ŽƄƃ ƚ ¶ƃ¦ Ƒż ´ œŮ° ƃ¦ Ə Ƅŵ œŰ ƀƄƃ ƑƆƃ œŶƃ¦ » ƃœšř Ƅƃ °¨ ®ƀƆ ƃ¦ ŗ ¶Ŭ ƈƕ¦Â ¾ƒ źŬř ƃ¦ ŗ ƒƈ¦±ƒ Ɔ 20 13 - 20 15 ) ƑƂƒ °Ɔƕ ¦ °ƙ ®ƃ œŕ ( ¨®š Âƃ¦ ŗŽƄƂ ř 20 13 20 14 20 15 ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 10 ¸ °Ŭ Ɔƃ¦ ƑŽ· ÂƆ °Ů ƈŵ 11 00 ŗƒƈƌ Ɔƃ¦ ŗőŽ ƃ¦  Ž·Â Ɔ ŗőƒŕ Ƅƃ ¨ ®šř Ɔƃ¦ ¿Ɔƕ ¦ ŝ Ɔœƈ° ŕ 11 01 À ³ Ɣœ±ƅ § ¨ œŕƊ 5) ¼5( 31 1 12 80 4 12 31 6 13 43 1 38 11 02 À ş ƈ§±ŗ ¼ øƈ 3) ¼3( 74 8 12 1 61 8 12 6 68 2 13 1 04 8 38 0 ŗƒƆ ƃœŶƃ ¦ ŗš Ůƃ ¦ ŗƆ ·ƈƆ 11 03 À5) ¼5( 49 2 98 43 1 10 2 52 9 10 6 45 1 30 7 11 99 °Žƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ ƃ¦ Ƒŵ 55 1 23 2 85 3 24 1 52 7 25 1 93 1 72 5 12 00 À° œŬř ŪƆ ƃ¦ 12 01 ÁƔ¯ ¯ţƈ ±Ɣ Ż Áñ ŕŮś Ŭƈ 00 0 25 00 0 25 00 0 25 00 0 75 12 02 ƓƊà ±śƄ ƅƙ§ ŶƁà ƈƅ§ řƊŕƔ Űà ª ŕƈÃƆ Ÿƈƅ§ ¿¯ ŕŗś řƔƅ¢ Á ñŕ ŮśŬ ƈ 00 0 30 00 0 10 00 0 10 00 0 50 12 03 à ª §¯ŕŮ ±ƙ § ¯§ ¯ŷ¥ Á ñŕ ŮśŬ ƈ řž¯ ƎśŬ ƈƅ§ ªŕŷ Ãŗ· ƈƅ§Ã ¨ Ɣ±¯ś ƅ§ ¯ §Ãƈ 00 0 75 00 0 25 00 0 15 00 0 11 5 12 04 ª ŕƈÃƆ Ÿƈƅ§ ¿¯ ŕŗśÃ řƔŷ Ãśƅ§ ř· ŮƊ£ Áà ±ŕŮ śŬƈ ) Á§¯ Ɔŗƅ§ Áƈ ¯Ɔŗ ¿Ƅ Ɠž ( 00 0 5 00 0 10 0 00 0 12 5 00 0 12 5 00 0 35 0 12 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 23 0 00 0 18 5 00 0 17 5 00 0 59 0 13 00 ¦ ¿ŵ ®ƃ¦ Ä°¦ ®Ɨ ŗőƒŕ Ƅƃ ¨ ®šř Ɔƃ¦ ¿Ɔƕ ¦ ŝ Ɔœƈ° ŕ 13 01 řƔ± ŕś±Ƅ Ŭƅ§ ¹ ®4/5 00 8 34 36 8 35 78 3 36 15 9 10 6 ŗƒƆ ƃœŶƃ ¦ ŗš Ůƃ ¦ ŗƆ ·ƈƆ 13 04 řƔ± ŕś±Ƅ Ŭƅ§ ¹ ®5 00 4 17 68 4 17 39 2 18 08 0 53 13 30 ©¦° Ɔř£ Ɔƃ¦ ©œƆ ®Ť 13 30 Ɠƈ ƅŕŸƅ § ¼ ƅŕţś Ɔƅ « ƅŕŝƅ§ ¹ŕ ƈśŠ ƛ§ ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ 00 0 25 00 0 25 13 20 řśƁ¤ ƈƅ§ ©¯ŷ ŕŬƈ ƅ§ / Ɠžŕ Ųƙ § ¿ ƈŸƅ§ 00 0 2 00 0 4 00 0 2 00 0 8 14 13 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 01 2 53 05 2 82 17 5 57 23 9 19 2 16 00 ŗƒƆ Ū° ¿œƌ Ɔ Ƒ ż ° ŽŪƃ ¦ 16 01 ƅ Ɠ ƈƅŕŸ ƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś ƅŕŗ ½ ƆŸśś řƔƈ Ŭ± ÀŕƎƈ Ɠž ÁƔ ſø ƈƅ§ ±ſŬ Ê ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆ 00 0 20 00 0 30 00 0 20 00 0 70 16 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 20 00 0 30 00 0 20 00 0 70 19 99 °Ů ƈŶƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ 56 3 53 5 90 5 53 8 70 2 50 3 17 0 57 8 1 20 À¶ œŕƃ¦ ÀƆ ®Âƀ Ŷƃ¦ °Ů ƈŵ 21 00 À¶ œŕƃ¦ ÀƆ ®Âƀ Ŷƃ¦ 21 01 ƙ§ ª§± ŕŗśŦ ƛ§ řƔƈ ƔƆƁ / ª§± ¯Ƃƅ§ ¡ŕƊ ŗà Ɠ ŷÃƅ § ¡ŕ Ƅ°¥ şƈ§± ŗà řƔƊ· Ãƅ§ 00 0 40 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 40 0 1 22 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 40 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 40 0 1 29 99 °Ů ƈŶƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ 00 0 40 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 50 0 00 0 40 0 1 30 §ƒ° ®řƃ¦ °Ů ƈŵ 31 00 ©œŵ œƆřŞ ƙ¦ /¦ ©¦° Ɔř£ Ɔƃ 31 01 ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠ ƈƅŕŸ ƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś Ɔƅ « ƅŕŝƅ§ ¹ŕ ƈśŠ ƛ§ ±ſŰ 00 0 15 0 ±ſŰ 00 0 15 0 31 02 ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠ ƈƅŕŸ ƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś Ɔƅ Å ±ŕŮ śŬƛ § ½ Ɣ±ſƅ § ª ŕŷŕƈ śŠ§ 00 0 10 00 0 12 00 0 14 00 0 36 31 03 °ƙ řƔƊ· Ãƅ§Ã řƔƈ ƔƆƁƙ § ª ŕŷŕƈ śŠƛ § ¼ƅŕ ţśƅ§ ²Ɣ² Ÿś ª ŕŷŕƈ śŠ§Ã Ɠŷ Ãƅ§ ¡ŕƄ 00 0 20 0 00 0 15 0 00 0 15 0 00 0 50 0 31 04 ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠƈƅ ŕŸƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś ƅ§ Á ƈ À ¯Ƃƈƅ § Àŷ ¯ƅ§ Ê řƔŷ Ãśƅ§ ª Ɯƈţ ƅ řŰ ŕŦƅ§ µ ŕ۱ ƅŕŗ ÀƈŬ śƅ§ Áƈ řƔŕƁ Ãƅ§ ÁōŮ ŗ Ɠ ƅïƅ § ¿ ƈŸƅ§ Àà Ɣŗ ) ƑƆ ŷ ²ƔƄ± śƅ§ Ŷƈ µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ÅÃś ţƔ Å°ƅ § ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ ( 00 0 75 00 0 75 ±ſŰ 00 0 15 0 31 05 şƎ Ɗƅ§ ªŕŷ ŕƈśŠ § Ɠ ž ¡ Ɯ· ƅ§ Ɠ ž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠƈƅ ŕŸƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś ƅ§ ¿ Ɣŝƈś Ê řƔœŕ ƔƈƔƄ ƅ§ ¯ §ÃƈƆ ƅ řƔ ƅïƅ § ©± §¯ƚ ƅ Ɠ ŠƔś §±śŬ ƛ§ 00 0 25 00 0 25 00 0 25 00 0 75 31 06 ¡§±ŗ Ŧƅ§ ªŕŷ ŕƈśŠ § 00 0 50 00 0 25 00 0 25 00 0 10 0 33 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 36 0 00 0 43 7 00 0 21 4 00 0 01 1 1 39 99 °Ů ƈŶƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ 00 0 36 0 00 0 43 7 00 0 21 4 00 0 01 1 1 40 Ƒƈœ ŕƆƃ¦Â ©¦ ®ŶƆ ƃ¦ ° Ůƈ ŵ 41 00 ŗƂ ƄƌřŪ Ɔƃ¦ ©¦® ŶƆƃ ¦ ) Àŵ œƌř Ɔƒſ ¾ƀř » œƈŮ ¢ 15 00 ƑƂƒ °Ɔ¢ °ƙ ® ( 41 01 řƔŗś Ƅƈ À²§Ã ƅà ª §¯Ÿƈ : µ §±Ɓ£ ±ŕ ŗţ£ ½± à řƈ ŕŷ řƔƆŬ ƆŬś ¿Ɓ§Ã Ɗ ř Šƈ¯ ƈ ) US B ( 20 0 1 20 0 1 20 0 1 60 0 3 41 02 èŬŕ ţƅ§ ªŕƔ Šƈ ± ŗ 00 0 2 00 0 2 00 0 2 00 0 6 15 41 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 20 0 3 20 0 3 20 0 3 60 0 9 42 00 °¨Ɔ ŶƆƃ ¦ © ¦®ŶƆ ƃ¦ 42 01 řƔŗś Ƅƈƅ§ ª §¯Ÿƈ ƅ§ : ªŕƈ ÃƆŸ ƈƅ§ ¿¯ŕ ŗś ř Ɣƅ¢Ã èŬŕ ţƅ§ ©²ƎŠ £ 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 12 42 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 12 43 00 Ƒƈœ ŕƆƃ¦ 43 01 ½ž§± ƈƅ§ řƊŕ ƔŰ ƅ§ řƔŗś Ƅƈƅ§ ª ŕţŕŬ ƈƅ§ 30 0 5 30 0 5 30 0 5 90 0 15 43 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 30 0 5 30 0 5 30 0 5 90 0 15 49 99 °Ů ƈŶƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ 50 0 12 50 0 12 50 0 12 50 0 37 50 ŗŵ ƈřƆƃ ¦ © œżÂ° ŮƆ ƃ¦ ° Ůƈ ŵ 51 00 œƌřƈ œƒŮ  © ¦®ŶƆ ƃ¦ ¾ ƒźŬ ř 51 01 řƔŗś Ƅƈƅ§ ª §¯Ÿƈ ƅ§ ř ƊŕƔŰ 00 0 5 00 0 5 00 0 5 00 0 15 52 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 5 00 0 5 00 0 5 00 0 15 52 00 ¹ƚ ŕƗ¦ »ƒ ƃœƂř 52 01 ±śƄ ƅƙ§ ·œŕ ŬÃƅ §Ã ª Ɗ±śƊ ƙ§ ƑƆŷ ±Ů Ɗƅ§ ıŦ Ɨ§ řƔƊà 00 0 10 00 0 5 00 0 5 00 0 20 52 02 řŷŕ ŗ·ƅ § ¼ ƔƅŕƄ ś 50 0 7 00 0 3 00 0 5 50 0 15 52 03 ½œŕ ŝÃƅ§ řƈ Š±ś 00 0 10 00 0 4 00 0 10 00 0 24 52 04 ƑƆ ŷ ¡ ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠƈƅ ŕŸƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś Ɔƅ ř ŬƈŦ ƅ§ ¿ ƈŸƅ§ ²Ɣ Ƅ±ś ªƛ ŕŠƈ ƅ ¯ŕ ٱƙ §Ã ř Ɣŷà śƅ§ ½œŕ ŝà ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ 00 0 14 0 00 0 11 0 00 0 11 5 00 0 36 5 52 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 50 0 16 7 00 0 12 2 00 0 13 5 50 0 42 4 53 00 ŗƒ° śƈ © œżÂ° ŮƆ 53 01 ªƛ ŕŰ śƛ§ : ¯Ɣ±ŗ ƅŕŗ ¿ ŕŬ± ƙ§ / ¨œŕ Ƃţƅ§ ¿ŕ Ŭ±¥ 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 12 53 02 ªƛ ŕŰ śƛ§ : ªƊ± śƊƙ ŕŗ · ŗ±ƅ§Ã ¼ śŕƎƅ § 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 4 00 0 12 53 03 řƔŗś Ƅƈ À²§Ã ƅ 00 0 2 00 0 2 00 0 2 00 0 6 53 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ 00 0 10 00 0 10 00 0 10 00 0 30 55 00 ÀƔƔƂ śƅ§ 55 01 ¡Ɯ ·ƅ§ Ɠž µ ŕ۱ ƅ§ Ƒ Ɔŷ ¡ŕŲ ƂƆƅ Ɠ ƈƅŕŸ ƅ§ ¼ ƅŕţś Ɔƅ À ƔƔƂśƅ § ű ŕŮśŬ § 00 0 20 00 0 20 54 99 Ƒŵ° Žƃ¦ ¸ƆŞ Ɔƃ¦ ±ſŰ 00 0 20 ±ſŰ 00 0 20 16 59 99 °Ů ƈŶƃ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ 50 0 18 2 00 0 15 7 00 0 15 0 50 0 48 9 ¸°Ŭ ƆƄƃ °¨Ŭ œŕƆƃ ¦ » ƒƃœƂ řƃ¦ 56 3 49 0 1 40 5 64 5 1 20 2 38 0 1 17 0 51 6 4 ŗƒ ƆƃœŶ ƃ¦ ŗ Ůš ƃ¦ ŗ Ɔ·ƈ Ɔƃ ŗő ƒŕƄƃ ¨®š řƆƃ¦ ¿Ɔ ƕ¦ ŝƆœ ƈ°ŕƃ ŝƆ ¦°ŕƃ¦ ¿ŵ ® » ƒƃœƂ ř ) 13 (% 77 3 19 3 90 3 21 3 42 6 17 9 10 2 58 7 9 ¿œŶƃ ¦ ¸ ƆŞƆ ƃ¦ 33 6 68 4 1 30 8 85 9 1 62 8 55 9 1 27 2 10 3 5 About the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) helps governments, local authorities and decision-makers in business and industry to develop and implement policies and practices focusing on sustainable development. The Division works to promote: > sustainable consumption and production, > the e cient use of renewable energy, > adequate management of chemicals, > the integration of environmental costs in development policies. The O ce of the Director, located in Paris, coordinates activities through: > The International Environmental Technology Centre - IETC (Osaka, Shiga), which implements integrated waste, water and disaster management programmes, focusing in particular on Asia. > Sustainable Consumption and Production (Paris), which promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns as a contribution to human development through global markets. > Chemicals (Geneva), which catalyzes global actions to bring about the sound management of chemicals and the improvement of chemical safety worldwide. > Energy (Paris), which fosters energy and transport policies for sustainable development and encourages investment in renewable energy and energy e ciency. > OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances in developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure implementation of the Montreal Protocol. > Economics and Trade (Geneva), which helps countries to integrate environmental considerations into economic and trade policies, and works with the nance sector to incorporate sustainable development policies. UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, improving the transfer of knowledge and information, fostering technological cooperation and partnerships, and implementing international conventions and agreements. For more information, see www.unep.org لاصتلاا ىجری ،تامولعملا نم دیزمل UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch International Environment House I 11-13, Chemin des Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva Tel: +41 22 917 81 92 Fax: +41 22 797 34 60 E-mail: lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org www.unep.org
㚄 ਸ ഭ ⧟ ຳ 㿴 ࡂ 㖢 消除含铅涂料全球联盟 业务计划 Matija Potocnik/UNEP 消除含铅涂料全球联盟 业务计划 WHO/FWC/PHE/EPE/13.03 © 联合国环境规划署和世界卫生组织，2013年 保留所有版权。本出版物可出于教育或非盈利目的，以任何形式全部或部分复制，而无需获得联 合国环境规划署（环境署）或世界卫生组织（世卫组织）的特别许可，但需注明出处。翻译要求 应向环境署提出。未经环境署事先书面许可，不得转售本出版物或将之用于任何其他商业目的。 免责声明 本出版物采用的名称和陈述的材料并不代表环境署和世卫组织对任何国家、领土、城市或地区或 其当局的合法地位，或关于边界或分界线的规定有任何意见。此外，所表达的观点不一定代表环 境署或世卫组织的决定或既定政策，对商品名称或商业程序的提及也不表示对其认可。 UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on 100% recycled paper, using vegetable -based inks and other eco-friendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP’s carbon footprint. 1 ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ ъ࣑䇑ฯ I. ᘬゝ 1. ᷢ ဤ⸼2009ᖺ➨ḟᅜ旭Ꮫရ⟶⌮㸦ICMM㸧孖㏻彯ⓗ➨II/4/Bྕ෩孖㸪ᾘ㝖 ྵ摭ᾕᩱ⌫俼┕㸦Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint㸪ୗ⛠⌫俼┕㸧≉ไ孊ᮏ᷂≉孉ฯࠋᮏ孉ฯᷢ⌫俼┕⭆䍘᐀᪨య ┠㞯亀ไ㊰乧⚦㸪ໟᣓ⭆⟇␎ࠊ旞ẁᛶ┠㞯௨ཬලయ᪉ἲࠋᮏ孉ฯᷢᡤ᭷ ᭷ᚿனཧ⌫俼┕┦යᕤసⓗ୭ேᮘᯊ⢯ⓗ. 2. ➨ḟICMM䇞➨II/4ྕ෩䇞ᣦฟ㸪Ꮫရ᪢ᐖ⟶⌮┦ය䰞仈ⓗ㔜せᛶᑦᮍᚓ฿ᬑ㐢䇔 ྠᡈᚇዲゎ෩ࠋᅉṈ㸪II/4/Bྕ෩䇞䪸ሩ“ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ”䘉୍᪂ฟ⧠ⓗᨻ⟇䰞仈䘋⾜㔜Ⅼ䱀 ㏙: (a) ྠពᘓ❧⌫ྜసఌక㓴㓷㸪㏲ṉῈửྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸪௨〟ᯉဤᓄ2002ᖺྍᣢ㔝ਁᒎ ୡ⏺㤳㝁䇞ᥦཬⓗ᭷ය㏲ṉῈửྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ; (b) 㑋䈧ᡤ᭷ឤޤ㊃ⓗ┈┦ය᪉ཧຍ⌫ྜసఌక㓴㓷㸪ᖼ㓃ᢎ䈪ᥦ౪䍴㔠ᡈ 䍴※; (c) せồྜసఌక㓴㓷ไ䇒ъ࣑䇑ฯ㸪䪸ሩ⌫㏲ṉῈửྵ䫵ᾕᩱ䘋⛬୰ⓗ䈨ከය䭞 亶ᇦ㸪ᥦฟ᫂◴ⓗ䱦ẁᛶ┠ḷ㸪ᖼྥ➨୕ḟICMM䇞ᣕ࿌. 3. ⌫㚄┕2010ᖺ5᭶26᪥⮳28᪥ᅾ᪥ෆ⎰ྊᘙ➨୍ḟ㓴㓷䇞㸪ᖼᅾ2011ᖺ㝶╔┦ය ᧯సቲ㠃ᕤసⓗᡂ⪋᭱㓸ᡂ❧. ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 2 II. ⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠ḷ 4. ⌫㚄┕ⓗせ┠ḷ亴㜵ඒ❺ᭀ㟢னྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸪ᖼᑾྍ⬟ᑡྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ㙼ъᭀ㟢ࠋ ѪṈ㸪㚄┕⮴ຊனѪ୍㓗亴㜵ᥦ౪ᨭᣢ㸪ຊồᅾ䫵ᭀ㟢ਁ⏕๓ᑡᡈᾘ㝖ྍ⬟ሬ⮴⧟ቃ 䫵ᭀ㟢༖㧗ⓗ෫ࠋṈእ㸪䈕㚄┕᭦Ѫᗅἷⓗ┠ḷ䘈ໟᣓ㏲ṉῈửྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ⏕ӗ䬰 ၎㸪᭱㓸ᾘ㝖Ṉ㊫ᾕᩱᡤ⮴ⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢仾䲙. 5. ⌫㚄┕ⓗලయ┠ḷ: (a) ᥦ㧗ᨻᗓⴁ⟶㒊䰘ࠊ⚾㩕ᮘᯊࠊ⏕ӗၟࠊᾘ䍩⪅ࠊᕤேࠊᕤ་⯇ছ⏕᭹࣑ᥦ ౪⪅ⓗព䇶㸪ゎྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗẘᛶ௨ཬᕬ㓿᭷ᢏᵟୖ᭦ዲ᭦Ᏻⓗ᭰௦ရ; (b) ಁ䘋䇮䇑ⴠᇎ௨亴㜵Ѫᇶⓗ㏧ᐅ亩┠㸪ᑡᖼᾘ㝖ᅉ⏝ྵ䫵ᾕᩱཬྵᾕ ቲӗရᡤ㐀ᡂⓗ仾䲙; (c) ᖎຓ◴ᐃ㑣லᅾ⏕ӗ䬰၎ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ⏕ӗၟ㓄᪉ၟ㸪ಁ㔗ྲྀ⾜ࣘ㏲ṉ ṆᅾԜⓗӗရ୰⏝䫵; (d) ᥎ࣘᘓ❧㏧ᙜⓗᅜᐙⴁ⟶ᯫ㸪⚗Ṇྵ䫵ᾕᩱཬྵᾕቲӗရⓗ⏕ӗࠊ䘋ฟཱྀࠊ 䬰၎⏝; (e) ㏧ᙜᰦ㸪᥎ࣘᘓ❧᪂ᆺᾕᩱӗရⓗᅜ䱵➨୕᪉䇔䇱㸪ᖎຓᾘ䍩⪅䇶࡛ᮍῧຍ䫵ⓗ ᾕᩱᾕቲ (f) ᥦ౪ᣦሬᖎຓ㸪௨◴䇔ᑡᅾᕬ⏝ྵ䫵ᾕᩱᖼᏑᅾ⁽´ⓗఫᏯࠊඒ❺䇮 Ꮫᰯⓗෆ㒊࿘തⓗ₯ᅾ䫵ᭀ㟢㸹ྠᰦ㸪ᑡ⏕ӗ⏝ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗᕤъ൪ᡤ ୰ᕤேⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢. 3 6. ⌫俼┕යன“ྵ摭ᾕᩱ”ⓗᐃᷱ奩ᮏ栝⬮ὀ1ࠋᗅᷱ᮶孚㸪“ᾕᩱ”ໟᣓ⏝னྛ⛇⏝ ㏵ⓗἜ⁽ࠊΎ⁽ࠊு⁽ࠊ╔Ⰽ⇪ࠊ⎽⁽ࠊ㔙ᩱࠊᗏ⁽ᡈᾕᩱࠋ㏻ᖖᾕᩱ⏤㞹⬡ ࠊᰁᩱࠊሸᩱࠊ⁐⇪ཬῧຍ⇪ΰྜ⪋ᡂⓗࠋᾕᩱ୰ⓗ摭௨ྜ≀ⓗᙧᘧῧ ຍⓗ㸪ణஓྍ⬟᮶⮬ᾕᩱᡂศⓗ㰉ᰁࠋᅉṈ㸪⌫俼┕ⓗດຊ᪉ྥᑾྍ ⬟ᆅ㝆ప摭ྵ㔞. 7. ྵ 䫵ᾕᩱᅾ⏝䗷⛬୰㸦సѪ᪂ᾕᩱ㸧㐀ᡂ仾䲙㸹Ṉእ㸪୍᪦⏝ྡྷஓӗ⏕ᚇከ䚇␃䰞仈, ዴ㉸䗷⏝ᮇྡྷᅉᾕቲ⾲㠃⬺ⴠࠊ☻ᦏᡈ趨ᆗ⪋㔗㔝㐀ᡂ仾䲙ࠋᅉṈ㸪ᅾ⩻᪂ḟᾕๅ䘉ல᪤ ⏝䗷ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ≀య⾲㠃ᰦ㸪ᗣ仾䲙ᑗᱮⴭቔຍࠋᑬ㟂せයὀⓗ,ᅾ䇨ከඒ❺⋵ල௨ཬ ඒ❺⏝ရ㸦ᡈඒ❺᫆᥋ゐⓗ≀ရ㸧ྍ⬟ᅾ㔗㔝⏝ྵ䫵ⓗ侠ᾕᩱࠋᅉṈ㸪⌫㚄┕ᑗᾘ 㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⏝னఫᏯᏛᰯⓗෆ㒊࿘ത㸦ዴᐙලࠊ້ቨࠊ䰘ཬᘓ⟃≀㸧సѪᕤసⓗ㔜୰ அ㔜. 1 “⎲ᯉ”а䇽वᤜ⭘Ҿ⿽⭘䙄Ⲵ⋩┶ǃ┶ǃӞ┶ǃ⵰㢢ࡲǃ⬧┶ǃ䟹ᯉǃᓅ┶ᡆ⎲ᯉDŽ䙊ᑨ⎲ᯉᱟ⭡ṁ㜲ǃḃᯉ ǃປᯉǃⓦࡲ৺ަԆ࣐ࡲਸ㘼ᡀⲴDŽ “ਜ਼䫵⎲ᯉ”ᱟᤷᐢ࣐а⿽ᡆཊ⿽䫵ॆਸ⢙Ⲵ⎲ᯉDŽ⎲ᯉ䙊ᑨ࣐Ⲵ䫵ॆਸ⢙वᤜ˖а≗ॆ䫵ǃ䗋䞨䫵ǃ䬜䞨䫵ǃ2 - ҉สᐡ䞨䫵ǃ⺛䞨䫵ǃ≗ॆ䫵ǃ䫬䞨䫵ǃ⺍䞨䫵ǃ䫵䬜哴ǃ⧟✧䞨䫵ǃ䫬䭹㓒ǃ䗷≗ॆ䫵ǃ⻣䞨䫵˄䫵ⲭ˅ǃ≗ॆ 䬜䞨䫵઼⻡ᔿ⻣䞨䫵DŽ䫵Ⲵᙫ⎃ᓖᱟᤷ䫵Ⲵ䟽䟿൘ӗ૱нᥕਁ⢙ѝᡰঐⲴⲮ࠶∄ᡆᒢ┶㟌ѝ䫵Ⲵ䟽䟿DŽ⎲ᯉѝ䫵ॆ ਸ⢙ҏਟ㜭ᶕ㠚⎲ᯉަԆᡀ࠶Ⲵ⊑ḃDŽޘ⨳㚄ⴏⲴࣚ࣋ᯩੁᱟቭਟ㜭ൠ䱽վ⎲ᯉᙫ䫵ਜ਼䟿DŽᶕ㠚䇨ཊഭᇦⲴ⧠ᴹᮠ ᦞ㺘᰾ˈᖸཊ㻵侠ᙗ⎲ᯉѝⲴ䫵ਜ਼䟿վҾ90 ppm˄ᑨվҾ45 ppm˅DŽ ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 4 III. ъ࣑᪉㠃ⓗ䰞仈 8. ዴఱᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ௨ཬዴఱ᭷ᩀ༴⌮⏝Ṉ㊫ᾕᩱ≀ရ⾲㠃ᡤ⮴䚇␃䰞仈㸪ᓄໟᣓᨻ ᗓ㒊䰘ࠊ⚾㩕ᮘᯊබẸ♫ᅾෆⓗ♫ྛ⏺ᐦษයὀⓗ䰞仈2ࠋ⌮⏤ዴୗ: (a) ேయᗣ䰞仈ࠋ䫵ᒓ᭷ẘ㔠ᒓࠋሩனඒ❺᮶䈤㸪䫵ᭀ㟢ἐ᭷ᏳỈᖹࠋ䫵ѕ㔜ᦏ ᐖேయᗣ㸪ໟᣓ㝁⚄㓿⣔㔏ⓗỌஂᛶᦏᐖࠊ㛮ຌ⬟䰞仈௨ཬ⾑ᾮ⏕Ṫ⣔㔏 ᦏᐖࠋ6௨ୗඒ❺௨ཬᏎྷ㸦ਁ⫱୰ⓗ⫾ඒྍᭀ㟢ன䫵㸧ᑬ⬤ᙅ⪋᫆ཷՔᐖ. (b) 㓿⍾䰞仈DŽ֯⭘ਜ਼䫵⎲ᯉՊᖒᡀⴤ᧕઼䰤᧕Ⲵ㓿⍾ᡀᵜˈवᤜ५⯇ছ⭏ᡀᵜ઼⭏ ӗ࣋ⲴᦏཡDŽᦞц⭼ছ⭏㓴㓷˄:+2˅ՠ䇑ˈ䫵䙐ᡀҶⲴޘ⨳⯮⯵䍏ᣵˈ⇿ᒤ ഐ䫵᳤䵢ᯠ໎㓖зᲪ࣋䳌⺽ݯㄕDŽ∄ѻлˈⴞࡽᐢ⸕ˈ䇨ཊ⎲ᯉڌ⭘䫵ᡰ䴰Ⲵ 㓿⍾ᡀᵜᖸվˈᖸཊ⭏ӗ୶ᐢ㓿ᡀ࣏⭏ӗҶᯠ䝽ᯩӗ૱ˈ䚯ݽҶ㫴࣐䫵. (c) ⧟ቃ䰞仈ࠋ䫵୍⛇㠀ᖖっᐃⓗ㸦༶㸪ྍ䮯ᮇᏑᅾ㸧ࠊኳ↛Ꮡᅾⓗඖ⣲㸪ሩ᳜≀ ࠊࣘ≀ᚤ⏕≀ᆒල᭷ẘᛶࠋ䫵㏻䗷ከ⛇⊑ᰁ᮶※㏵ᚄᙧᡂ⧟ቃ᥋ゐྡྷ㸪ᅾ ከᩘ⏕≀యෆ〟ࠋ㏻䗷ỶἜ㝖䫵ᱮⴭ㝆ప䫵ⓗẻᨺ㔞㸪ᑡஅ┦යⓗ 䫵ᭀ㟢බඹছ⏕䰞仈ࠋ┦㸪ᅾୡ⏺䇨ከᆅ᪉㸪⏤ன㔗㔝⏝ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸪↛ᮍ ゎ෩䫵ᭀ㟢※䰞仈. (d) ၟъ᪉㠃䰞仈ࠋ᪢䫵ᾕᩱᕬ㓿ୖᕷ䬰၎ከᖺ㸪ᕬ⿕䇱᫂㏧ྜసѪᕷ൪᭰௦ရࠋ ㏻䗷⏕ӗ᪢䫵ᾕᩱ㸪⏕ӗၟ⏝ᡧྍ௨ಖ䇱⬟ᣢ㔝ᅾ⚗䫵ᕷ൪䬰၎/䍝Ҡᾕᩱ㸪 ᖼୟ㝆ప₯ᅾⓗၟъ仾䲙㸦ໟᣓሩᕤேᐈᡧ㐀ᡂⓗᗣ仾䲙ࠊᢞ䇹䍓௵䎄گ௨ ཬಙᦏኻ➼㸧. 2ᅾᮏ傖 ฯ≉᷂孉 傗 ୰凞 බẸ♫୍ ໟᣓᕤே孵 乬乯傎 ⓗ་ ⏕᭹ ᥦ౪⪅ ᶻ᷂ 䔿⌓ ≉ ⋷ 傎Ꮫ ᮘᯊ㠀ᨻᗓೊ㛗 ⮤乬乯傏“ ” 5 (e) ࣱॡࠋ୍லᅜᐙ㏻彯䙹⟶ᕬ᭷ᩀ᥍ไྵ摭ᾕᩱⓗ⏝ࠋ㝶╔᪢摭ỶἜᥐ ⓗ⭆㸪ඒ❺ே⩌ⓗ⾑摭Ỉᖹྍ奩᫂㗦ୗ㝆㸪征ஓᚓ┈ன⌫୍⮴ ⓗයὀᅜᐙ䙹⟶ࠋᅾᨻᗓ斜⯪㠃㸪ᕬ᭷ᩘḟ㧗乏⇓ⓗྕྊ㸪せồ㏲ṉῈử ྵ摭ᾕᩱ3. 9. ᑾ⟶ᕬ㓿Ύᴆ䇔䇶฿䫵ᭀ㟢ⓗ仾䲙㸪௨ୗ୕୭䰞仈ᅜ䱵යὀⓗ↔Ⅼ: (a) ᾕᩱᾕቲⓗӗ㔞⏝᩿ቔຍࠋᾕᩱᾕቲъᅾ⌫࿊っṉቔ䮯ᘱ࣯㸪ఒ䇑 ᖺӗ٬䬰၎仍㎹850ӯ⨾ඖࠋᾕᩱᾕቲъⓗቔ䮯ᅜᐙ㓿⍾ਁᒎᐦษ┦ය㸹ᅉ Ṉ㸪㝖㠀ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸪ྰࡉ䫵ᭀ㟢ⓗ仾䲙ᑗ᭷ቔ᪢ࠋ┠๓ᕬ㓿᭷ᅾⰍᙬࠊᛶ ⬟ฟ၎௴᱁ୖྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㊫ఝⓗ᪢䫵ᾕᩱ. (b) ಙᜥ᭷㝈ࠋᅾ䇨ከᅜᐙ㸪⏤னӗရḷὀ᫂㸪ชஇ᪢ே▱㐨ఱ⛇ᾕᩱྵ䫵ࠊ⎃ᗘ ከᑡࠋ䘉ᚓᨻᗓࠊᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟࠊᘓ⟃ᐸࠊᕤேࠊ་⯇ছ⏕᭹࣑ᥦ౪⪅ࠊබඹছ ⏕ᐁઈࠊ⧟ಖேኈᾘ䍩⪅䳮௨㔗ྲྀ㏧ᐅⓗ⾜ࣘ㸦ዴ⏝᭦ຍᏳⓗ᭰௦ရ㸧௨ 㝆పᭀ㟢仾䲙. (c) 㔜㿶㸸䇨ከᅜᐙே⩌ሩྵ䫵ᾕᩱᡤ⮴₯ᅾᗣ⧟ቃ仾䲙ⓗព䇶ᕪࠋຍஅ⨃ ஈ᭷යѪఱྵ䫵ᾕᩱᅾ㔗㔝⏝ⓗಙᜥ㸪ᅉṈᚇ䳮◴ᐃᭀ㟢ன仾䲙ⓗ୭యே⩌ 㸪ஓᚇ䳮䇙┈┦ය᪉᭷ᩀࣘઈᨻᡈ⾜ᨻ᪉㠃ⓗ௨ཬᾘ䍩⪅ⓗᨭᣢ㸪௨㔗ྲྀ㏧ᙜ ⓗ⾜ࣘ. 3 ୡ⏺ྍ ᣢ ᒎ㤳 井⍹ 傹 孖 ฯ⭆ 孉 ➨ ẁ凭 ᅜ Ꮫရ⟶⌮ ␎᪉旭 ㇀ 搰凚 凛 凭 ➨ḟᅜ Ꮫရ⟶⌮旭 孖凚 凛 凞➨. . 57 SAICM (2006) ICCM 2 II/4 B ෩ྕ孖凚 凛2009 . ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 6 IV.ъ࣑ᡈ␎ 10. ሩъ࣑ᡈ␎ⓗᇶᮏศᯒᅾ୩୭せ᪉㠃Ꮡᅾᕪ㊥㸸(1)ಙᜥ᪉㠃ᕪ㊥㸦ዴ㸪ᕷ൪ྵ䫵ᾕ ᩱ┦යಙᜥⓗྍ㧧ᚓᛶྍཬᛶ㸧㸪ཬ(2)┈┦ය᪉ྛ᪉ព䇶᪉㠃ⓗᕪ㊥㸦ዴ㸪ྵ䫵ᾕ ᩱⓗ仾䲙᭰௦ӗရ௨ཬ⾜அ᭷ᩀⓗᥐ㸧ࠋ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑ᡈ␎ⓗᮏ䍘㏻䗷௨ୗ᪉ᘧ ᮶ゎ෩䘉ல䰞仈. ⚦1:⌫㚄┕ යனಙᜥࠊព䇶 ⾜ࣘⓗъ࣑ᡈ␎. 7 (a) ಙᜥࠋᓄ≷㕆ࠊၿ㔤ᣔ୍୭⌫ᛶⓗಙᜥᓃ㸪ෆᐜໟᣓ㸸ཷ䫵ᭀ㟢ᙳဤⓗ 㧗༴ே⩌㸦ዴඒ❺ࠊྷዪᕤே㸧㸹䫵ᭀ㟢ሩ୭యே⩌ᯊᡂⓗⰋᗣྡྷᯝ㸹ྵ 䫵ᾕᩱⓗ⏕ӗ䬰၎ࠋ䘉ሩ◴ಖ◴ᛶࠊሸ㺕ᩘᤣ✵ⓑࠊ᰿ᤣᕬ▱ᇶ㓯ⴁ⍻ᾘ㝖ྵ 䫵ᾕᩱᕤసⓗ䘋ᒎ༑ศ㔜せⓗ. b) ព䇶ࠋᓄᅾය䭞ᨻᗓ㒊䰘ࠊᾕᩱъ⏕ӗၟᾕᩱ㓄᪉ၟබẸ♫ྛ┈┦යഒ య୭ே㸦ዴ∗ẕࠊᩍ⫱་⯇ছ⏕᭹࣑ᥦ౪⪅ࠊᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟࠊἜ⁽ᕤࠊᘓ⟃ᕤே ཬ௦⾲㸧அ䰤ศா᭱㝈ᗘᆅ⏝䘉லಙᜥࠋせࣘઈྛ┈┦ය᪉㔗ྲྀ⾜ࣘ, ๓ᥦ㟂せᥦ㧗᭷ය⧟ቃছ⏕仾䲙௨ཬᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ⿻┈ྍ⾜ᛶⓗព䇶ࠋ䈕᪉ ἲᑗᨲ㞟ᖼᇶன⧠᭷ⓗᡤ᭷ྍ⬟ᚓ฿ⓗಙᜥ᮶※㸪ᖼᥦ౪ᡂຌⓗᨻ⟇ᖸ亴ᇎ. (c) ⾜ࣘࠋ㰘ບཧᇎ⧠⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠ḷⓗ⾜ࣘࠋѪṈ㸪㟂せᥦ౪୍ᩚዓ᫂◴ ⓗࠊලయⓗࠊྍ⍻㔞ⓗᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗᥐ㸪ᖼཧ↷⌫㚄┕ⓗ㏅సᯫᇎࠋ㚄 ྜ୍⮴ⓗ⾜ࣘᑗᅾᅜᐙቲ㠃ண௨᥎䘋㸪୰ໟᣓ㏻䗷㰘ບᘓ❧ᅜᐙ㓗ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ 㚄┕㸪⏤Ṉ᥎ࣘ⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠ḷⓗᇎ⧠ 11. ⪃㲁฿Ꮫရ᪢ᐖ⟶⌮ⓗᅜ䱵ᛶᙫయᢎ䈪㸪≉࡛㲁ཬ“ᅜ䱵Ꮫရ⟶⌮ᡈ␎᪉䪸”ᥦฟ ⓗයன“ᅾ2020ᖺ๓ᡤ᭷Ꮫရⓗ⏝⏕ӗᆒᓄ᭱㝈ᗘᆅᑡሩே㊫ᗣ⧟ቃⓗ ᙳဤ”ⓗ┠ḷ㸪⌫㚄┕ᑗไᐃྛ୭亩┠ලయ┠ḷ㸪䘉ல┠ḷᇎ䱵ୖྍ௨ᅾ2020ᖺஅ๓ ᡂ. ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 8 V. ъ࣑᪉䪸 12. ⌫㚄┕ⓗъ࣑᪉䪸ྐྵࣘ༟᭷ᡂᩀⓗᥐ௨ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸪㔜Ⅼ: (a) ത㔅୍୭ඹྠ⪋ཪ⅋άⓗ⮬ីᛶ䇞⛬ࣘઈྛ┈┦ය᪉㸪ᖼ╔㔜Ոඛ㔜Ⅼ⾜ࣘ; (b) ಁ䘋┈┦ය᪉ⓗࣘ㸪௨ຍ笶㺕⧠᭷ⓗೊ䇞⾜ࣘ㸪ᑡ᪢䉃ⓗ㔜ኞ; (c) ◴ᐃᖼᨭᣢྛ⛇≉ᐃⓗᮘ㸪ዴ㟂せྠ┈┦ය᪉⚊యඹྠཧ㖞ᡈ⍹ 䍘ᑦᮍᘙᒎ⾜≐ⓗᆅ᪉; (d) 㰘ບྛъ⏝᭦Ᏻⓗ᭰௦ရ᮶ྲྀ௦ᾕᩱ୰ῧຍⓗ䫵ྜ≀. (e) 䇴௴⌫㚄┕ⓗᡂ㔙㸪ᖼᅾ㟂せᰦሩ⟇␎ຍ௨ᨵ䘋ၿ. 13. ୖ ㏙᷂≉᪉搰ᑗ⏤5୭㔜Ⅼ栮ᇦᕤస乬峗⼣⭆㸪ᖼᑗ⏤ᢎᢸᷢ⭆䍘⌫俼┕ ⓗ᐀᪨┠㞯⪋学ᐃⓗ㔜Ⅼ௵≉ࠋ征5୭㔜Ⅼ栮ᇦᕤస乬ศ⇓ᾙཬ௨ୗ桀㸸⌓ ⏕ࠊ䍗ቃࠊ≛ᕤᗣࠊ❧ἲ䙹⟶௨ཬ᷂᥎ᗅࠋዴḧ徃୍ṉゎྛᕤస乬ⓗ乬 ᡂ宎乮ⓗᕤస孉ฯ㸪実孧斖⌫俼┕⨒❰4 VI.⌫㚄┕ⓗ㊰㓯മ 14. ⌫㚄┕ᑗ㤳ඛ⮴ຊனᾘ㝖᭱᫆ཷՔᐖⓗ⬤ᙅே⩌ⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢㸪ᖼ╔㔜යὀ8亩せ⾜ࣘ㸪௨ ᾘᙁъ࣑ᡈ␎୰ਁ⧠ⓗᕪ㊥ࠋ䘉8亩せ⾜ࣘⅬᑗѪᇎ⧠⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠ḷዛᐃᇶ. 15. 2012Ͳ2013ᖺⓗՈඛ㔜Ⅼ⾜ࣘᑗໟᣓ㸦ᇶன㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦⓗᕤస䇑ฯไ䇒㸪ิศඛྡྷ㸧: (a) ᘓ❧ྐྵ⏝౪⌫㚄┕⏝ⓗᩘᤣᦒ୰ᚰᡈᩘᤣᏑۘᓃ㸪୰ໟᣓ⧠᭷ᐉՐೊሬᮦ ᩱࠊ᭷යᾕᩱྵ䫵Ỉᖹࠊ⾑䫵Ự⍻ⴁ⍻ⓗಙᜥ௨ཬ⯇ᣦ༡➼㸦ছ⏕ࠊ⧟ቃࠊъ ᥎ᗅ௨ཬ❧ἲព䇶➼㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧ࠋṈ㊫ᩘᤣᦒ୰ᚰ㤳ඛᑗ╔㔜ᨲᖅᅾᘙᒎᅜ䱵 ⾜ࣘ᪥άࣘᰦᡤ㟂ⓗᮦᩱ; 4 ᾘ㝖ྵ ᾕᩱ⌫ ┕ⓗ⨒❰摭 俼 凬ᷢ http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmium /PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx 9 (b) ไ䇒୍亩යன䇮❧ᅜ䱵亴㜵䫵୰ẘ⾜ࣘ᪥ⓗᘓ䇞㸪ᖼራồྛᅜᨻᗓࠊѤᗋබඹছ⏕ уъேઈ┈┦ය᪉ⓗᗅἷᨭᣢࠋඛ௨ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ㸦ছ⏕⧟ቃ➼㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ ┦ය㸧Ѫ㔜Ⅼ; (c) ᅾ㒊ศᅜᐙ㸪┠๓යனᾘ䍩ᕷ൪୰ྰᏑᅾྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗಙᜥᯉᑡᡈ᰿ᮏἐ᭷㸪㟂㔗ྲྀ ᥐሸ㺕Ṉ㊫ಙᜥ✵ⓑ㸹䘋୍ṉᢙ᭷යྠ㊫࡛ᾕᩱ㸦ዴ侠ᛶᾕᩱ㸹ᕤъ⏝ᾕᩱࠊ 㔠ᒓ㜵⭉㲰ᗏ⁽ཬ㸧ᅾ⬤ᙅே⩌㸦ዴ6௨ୗඒ❺ࠊᾕᩱ⏝⪅௨ཬᾕᩱ⏕ӗ䇮 ୰ⓗᕤே㸧୰䫵ᭀ㟢㏵ᚄⓗಙᜥ㸦ᡤ᭷㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧; (d) ไ䇒౪ᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟ⏝ⓗ᭷යᾕᩱ୰䫵ྜ≀᭰௦ရⓗᢏᵟᣦ༡㸦ছ⏕ࠊ⧟ቃ ъ᥎ᗅ➼㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧; (e) ไ䇒᭷යᾕᩱḷㆮ䇔䇱ⓗᯫ㸦❧ἲⴁ⟶௨ཬъ᥎ᗅ➼㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧; (f) ਁᕸᩥ௳㸪㓽䇘䇪ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱᅜᐙⴁ⟶ᯫᡤᓄໟᣓⓗせ⣲㸦❧ἲⴁ⟶䘉 ୍㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧; (g) Ѫୡছ㓴㓷亴㜵⟶⌮䫵ᭀ㟢ᚠ䇱ᣦ༡ⓗ᭱㓸ᐃ✏ᥦ౪уᐙព㿱㸪ໟᣓ᭷යᘓ❧䫵ᭀ 㟢ⓗ⾑䫵ㆋḕⴁ⍻㿴ฯⓗᘓ䇞㸦ᡤ᭷㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧; (h) ಁ᭦ከⓗ┈┦ය᪉ཧ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస㸪ໟᣓ㏻䗷ᘓ❧ᅜᐙ㓗㚄┕௨ಁ䘋┦යά ࣘⓗᘙᒎࠊ㧧ᚓ᭦ከⓗᤑ䎐䍴㔠ཬᇎ⧠⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠ḷ㸦ᡤ᭷㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦ┦ය㸧 . 16. 2014Ͳ2020 ᖺせẚ๓୍䱦ẁព䇶ಙᜥⓗᘙਁᕤస᭦῝ධ㸪せᘙᒎ᭦ከⓗ⾜ࣘ㸪᥎䘋⌫㚄┕ⓗ᐀᪨ ┠ḷⓗᇎ⧠ࠋᑗ㔗ྲྀ௨ୗ⾜ࣘ㸦ิศඛྡྷ㸧: (a) ᥎ࣘᘓ❧㏧ᙜⓗᅜᐙⴁ⟶ᯫ㸪Ṇྵ䫵ᾕᩱཬᾕቲӗရⓗ⏕ӗࠊ䘋ฟཱྀࠊ䬰၎ ⏝; (b) 䪸ሩῧຍ䫵ⓗ᪂ᆺᾕᩱӗရ᥎ᗅ➨୕᪉䇔䇱ᮘไࠋ≉࡛ᅾ㑣லྍ⬟㠃Ѥዴఱ㠃 ᇎᅜᐙⴁ⟶ᯫᣮᡈ㸪Ṇྵ䫵ᾕᩱཬᾕቲӗရⓗ⏕ӗࠊ䘋ฟཱྀࠊ䬰၎⏝ⓗᅜᐙ ; (c) ◴ᐃᑠᆺ୰➼㿴ᶍⓗᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟྍ⬟㟂せⓗಙᜥ㸪௨ᖎຓԜ௨ලᡂᮏᩀ┈ⓗ᪉ᘧ ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 10 Ṇᅾᾕᩱ୰ῧຍ䫵ྜ≀ᖼ㔜᪂㓄ไᾕᩱӗရ㸹Ṉእ㸪ᅾ㟂せᰦᓄᘓ❧ྥᥦ౪Ṉ㊫ ಙᜥⓗᮘไ; (d) 㕆ไศਁᣦሬᮦᩱ㸪䈤᫂ዴఱᅾ᪤ ᕬ⏝䗷ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗఫᏯࠊඒ❺䇮ࠊᏛᰯ ᘓ⟃≀ෆ㒊࿘ത㸪᭱㝈ᗘᆅᑡ₯ᅾⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢仾䲙ࠋṈ㊫ᮦᩱ䘈ᓄໟᣓᅾ㔜᪂ Ἔ⁽⾲㠃ࠊ௨ཬᨵ㐀ᢹ趨ᰦⓗṇ◴༴⌮ṉ僔➼ಙᜥ; (e) 㕆ไศਁᣦሬᮦᩱ㸪䈤᫂ዴఱ㑊චᡈᑡᕤேᅾᕤъ൪ᡤ୰⏕ӗᡈ⏝ྵ䫵ᾕᩱᰦ ྍ⬟㠃Ѥⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢仾䲙; (f) ຍ笶ᇎ⾑䫵Ự⍻ⴁ㿶㿴ฯⓗ⬟ຊ㸪⸘௨䇴ఒఫᏯⓗ㙼ъⓗ䫵ᭀ㟢仾䲙㸪ᖼሩබ ఋуъேઈᘙᒎ᭷ය䫵୰ẘᩆⓗᐉՐᩍ⫱. VII.ъ࣑䇑ฯⓗⴁ╩䇴ఒ 17. ᑗ⏤㔜Ⅼ亶ᇦᕤస㓴ᥦ౪ᖺᗘᕤస䇑ฯᡂ෫㔙ᩀᣦḷ➼᪉㠃ⓗಙᜥ. 18. ᷂≉孉ฯ孬௴ᣦ㞯ໟᣓ: (a) ᕬ㓿㔗㓣ල᭷ἲᚊ㓖᮰ຊⓗἲᚊࠊἲ㿴ࠊḷ/ᡈ⛬ᗎ㸪௨᥍ไྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ⏕ӗࠊ 䘋ཱྀࠊ䬰၎⏝㸪ୟ≉࡛ὀពᾘ㝖ᯉྍ⬟ሬ⮴ඒ❺䫵ᭀ㟢ⓗྵ䫵侠ᾕᩱཬ⏝ ㏵ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗᅜᐙⓗᩘ㔞; ┠ḷ: 2013 ୭ᅜᐙ 2015 ୭㸦ᡈ᭦ከ㸧ᅜᐙ 2020 ᡤ᭷ᅜᐙ (b) ᕬ㓿ᢎ䈪ᨭᣢ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤసࠊᖼᅾ⏕ӗⓗᡤ᭷侠ᾕᩱ୰⏝䫵ྜ≀ῧຍ ࡲⓗᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟⓗᩘ㔞; ┠ḷ: 2013 5ᐙᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟබᘙᢎ䈪ᨭᣢ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస 2015 50ᐙᆺᾕᩱ⏕ӗၟ⏝䫵ྜ≀ῧຍࡲ 2020 㔜Ⅼᆅ༊ⓗᡤ᭷ᾕᩱ⏕ṏၟ⏝摭ྜ≀ῧຍ⇪ 11 (c) ᅜᘙᒎྵ䫵ᾕᩱ仾䲙ព䇶ᩍ⫱άࣘⓗᅜᐙⓗᩘ㔞. ┠ḷ: 2013 5୭ᅜᐙᅾᅜᘙᒎ亴㜵䫵୰ẘᐉՐ᪥άࣘ㸪笶䈳ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ仾䲙 2015 10୭ᅜᐙᅾᅜᘙᒎ亴㜵䫵୰ẘᐉՐ᪥άࣘ㸪笶䈳ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ仾䲙 2020 40୭ᅜᐙᅾᅜᘙᒎ亴㜵䫵୰ẘᐉՐ᪥άࣘ㸪笶䈳ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ仾䲙 (d) ཧຍᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ᕤసⓗ䍑⊩⪅ⓗᩘ㔞. ┠ḷ: 2013 30୭䍑⊩⪅㸦ᨻᗓ㓴㓷㸧ཧຍ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస 2015 50୭䍑⊩⪅㸦ᨻᗓ㓴㓷㸧ཧຍ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస 2020 70୭䍑⊩⪅㸦ᨻᗓ㓴㓷㸧ཧຍ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస 19. 㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫㸦UNEP㸧ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷㸦WHO㸧ᑗᐃᮇᣕ࿌ъ࣑䇑ฯ㔙ᩀᣦḷⓗᙫయ 䘋ᒎ㸦୰ໟᣓྥྛḟᅜ䱵Ꮫရ⟶⌮䇞䘋⾜≷ᣕ㸧㸪ᣨ↷䇞せồ㸪ᑗ䘉᪉㠃ⓗ䘋ᒎ ෫సѪ“᪂ฟ⧠ⓗᨻ⟇䰞仈”䘋⾜ᇑ䇞. ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 12 VIII.⌫㚄┕ⓗᡂઈ 20. ⌫㚄┕ⓗъ࣑ᶍᘧᅾᚇ⛬ᗘୖ౫䎆ன┈┦ය᪉ᡂѪ䈕㚄┕ⓗ䍑⊩⪅㸪ᖼᢎ䈪ᨭᣢゎ෩ ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ䰞仈ࠋ┈┦ය᪉ྍໟᣓ㸸ᨻᗓ㒊䰘㸦ໟᣓ⧟ቃࠊছ⏕ࠊᕤъࠊࣣᕤ➼㒊௨ཬ୍ல у䰘ᮘᯊ㸧ࠊᨻᗓ䰤㓴㓷㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷㸪ໟᣓබẸ♫ࠊ༊ᇦᛶഒయࠊឿၿ㓴㓷ࠊᏛᵟᮘᯊ ࠊ፹య⚾㩕ᮘᯊࠋ⚾㩕ᮘᯊໟᣓ仌ᩱ⏕ӗၟࠊᾕᩱ㓄᪉ၟ㞽၎ၟ௨ཬ┦ය⾜ъॿ୰ ᑠᆺъঅ. 21. ⌫㚄┕ⓗᡂઈ⿕⛠Ѫ“䍑⊩⪅”㸦contributor㸧ࠋᡤ᭷䍑⊩⪅ᚲ享බᘙᢎ䈪ᨭᣢ⌫㚄┕Ѫ ᇎ⧠᐀᪨┠ḷᡤᘙᒎⓗᕤస㸪ᖼᑗิྡன⌫㚄┕ⓗ⨒❰ࠋ䍑⊩⪅ྍໟᣓ: (a)ྛᅜᨻᗓⓗ௦⾲㸪ໟᣓᕬ㓿ᅾᮏᅜῈửྵ䫵ᾕᩱᖼីព᭷Ṉᡴ⟬ⓗᅜᐙศா㓿傼 ᥦ౪ᖎຓⓗᅜᐙ㸪௨ཬᅾ䬰၎ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗᅜᐙ; (b)┦යᨻᗓ䰤㓴㓷ⓗ௦⾲ࠋዴཧ㊬㓴㓷Ꮫရ᪢ᐖ⟶⌮䇑ฯ㸦IOMC㸧ⓗ㓴㓷; (c)ᾕᩱᾕ⭷ъⓗ௦⾲௨ཬᅜ䱵ᅜᐙ⏕ӗ/ᡈ㓄ไᾕᩱᾕ⭷ⓗබྖ౪ᓄ䫵ྜ≀⏝ன ᾕᩱ⏕ӗⓗබྖⓗ௦⾲; (d) ᅜ䱵ᅜᐙ་⯇ছ⏕ࠊఫᏯබඹছ⏕᪉㠃ⓗ㓴㓷; (e) ල༷┦ය亶ᇦуъ▱䇶ⓗᏛᵟᮘᯊ; (f) ᅜ䱵ᅜᐙ㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷ⓗ௦⾲ࠋṈ㊫㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷⮴ຊன⧟ቃছ⏕䰞仈㸪ᅾබఋ᥎ᗅ ព䇶ᩍ⫱άࣘᡈᅾ♫༊ᡈᅜᐙቲ㠃ᘙᒎ亴㜵㿴ฯ᪉㠃ᐩ᭷㓿傼 (g) ᆅ᪉ࠊᅜᐙᅜ䱵ᕤ. 22. 䍑⊩ᙧᘧྍ௨ᨭᣢ⌫㚄┕ᕤసⓗᇎ≀ᤑ⊩/ᡈᢏᵟу䮯㸪ஓྍ௨㓿䍩䍴ຓࠋ䍑⊩᪉ ᅾⓏ䇠Ѫ⌫㚄┕ᕤసᡤస䍑⊩ᰦ㸪㟂せᥦ౪ಙᜥ㸪ᖼ䙂ಙ௳㸦ಙ㿱㝃௳1㸧. 13 IX. ⌫㚄┕ⓗ㔃ᯊ 23. ⌫㚄┕୍୭ᇎయᮘᯊ㸪⪋୍亩ॿసೊ䇞⾜ࣘࠋᇎୖ㸪⌫㚄┕㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷⏝னᥥ㏙ᕤసᏳⓗ୍୭㏅సᯫ,Ꮽໟᣓဆ䈒ᑠ㓴ⓗస⏝ࠊ5୭у仈㔜 Ⅼ亶ᇦᕤస㓴ࠊ᭷යබఋἏ㏻ಙᜥⓗᣦሬព㿱ࠊ䍑⊩᪉ⓗᵳ㙼䍓௨ཬ᭷ය䍒࣑亩ⓗᣦ ሬព㿱 ⚦2: ⌫㚄┕ဆ䈒ᑠ㓴 у仈ᕤస㓴ⓗᯊᯫ 24. ⌫㚄┕సѪ୍୭㚄ྜ亩┠㸪ᣨ↷㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ྛ⮬ⓗ௵࣑ᕤస䇑ฯ ᘙᒎᕤసࠋ⌫㚄┕ᕬᘓ❧у䰘ⓗ⨒❰ 㸪⏝னᥦ౪᭷ය⌫㚄┕ⓗ㔜Ⅼಙᜥࠋ䈕⨒❰ᡸ⟶ன“㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫Ꮫရ”⨒❰㸪⨒ᆎ ዴୗ: http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmi um/PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 14 X. GENERAL 25. ⌫㚄┕ဆ䈒ᑠ㓴⏤㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷㚄ྜ㓴ᘓ㸪సѪ㔜せⓗᕤసᮘไ㸪㓴 㓷ྠу仈ᕤస㓴ሩඹᛶ䰞仈䘋⾜䇘䇪㸹䇴ᇑᖼⴁ╩┦යάࣘⓗ䘋ᒎ㸹Ѫ㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ṇᘧⓗ⌫㚄┕ᕤస䘋ᗘᣕ࿌ᥦ౪ဆ䈒ࠋѤᰦဆ䈒ᑠ㓴ன2011ᖺṇᘧᘙ ᒎᕤసࠋ䈕Ѥᰦဆ䈒ᑠ㓴ᡂ⌫㚄┕㏅సᯫᮏࠓъ࣑䇑ฯࠔⓗᇶᕤస㸪㔏⟛⪃㲁 ᖼิฟྛу仈ᕤస㓴ⓗᕤస䇑ฯ୰ⓗՈඛ㔜Ⅼෆᐜ. 26. ᰿ᤣ䈕Ѥᰦဆ䈒ᑠ㓴ⓗᘓ䇞㸪⌫㚄┕┠๓ⓗᕤస⏤5୭у仈ᕤస㓴㸦༶ছ⏕ࠊ⧟ቃࠊࣣᕤ ᗣࠊ❧ἲⴁ⟶ࠊъ᥎ᗅ㸧ලయᢎᢸࠋ䘉5୭ᕤస㓴⏤ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ᡈ㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ⨫ ᅾ㏧ᙜᰦ㓴ᘓ㸪ᑗ┤᥋ಁᡂྛ⌫㚄┕䍑⊩⪅ᘙᒎᕤసᖼᅾ㏧⏝ᰦ㸪ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷/ᡈ 㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ⨫୍㉳ไ䇒䈖㓶ⓗᕤస䇑ฯ. 27. 䈕Ѥᰦဆ䈒ᑠ㓴⏤᮶⮬ᑽ᪥ӊᨻᗓ⨾ᅜᨻᗓⓗ௦⾲௨ཬ௨ୗ㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷ⓗ௦⾲㓴ᡂ㸸ᅜ 䱵ඒ⛉ॿࠊᅜ䱵ᾕᩱἜቚ⌮ࠊᅜ䱵ᾘ㝖ᣢஂᛶ᭷ᮘ⊑ᰁ≀⨒㔌㸦IPEN㸧ࠊ⨾ᅜOKᅜ 䱵㸪௨ཬ⨾ᅜ㎞㎞㑣ᥦᏛ⨾ᅜఀ䈪᪁ᏛⰪຍဪබඹছ⏕Ꮫ㝔ⓗуᐙ. 28. 㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ᑗ⮳ᑡẗ୩ᖺྊᘙ୍ḟ⌫ᛶ䇪උ㸪௨ṈసѪ୍୭ᖹྎ㸪 ⏝னඹா⌫㚄┕ⓗ䘋ᒎಙᜥ㸪௨ᒎ⧠䇴ᇑ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస㸪ඹா䍑⊩⪅ⓗಙᜥ㓿傼㸪 ᖼಁ䘋ᮍ᮶ⓗ⾜ࣘࠋ⌫䇪උᡈ䇞ᓄໟᣓ᮶⮬ྛᅜᨻᗓࠊᨻᗓ䰤㓴㓷㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷ⓗ௦⾲ ࠋሩ⌫㚄┕ᕤస᭷䍑⊩ⓗуᐙ୭ேஓྍཧຍࠋ᭷ය⌫㚄┕䇞ⓗ᪥ᮇᆅⅬᑗ㏻▱฿ ᡤ᭷䍑⊩⪅. 29. 㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ⓗᕤసேઈᣨ↷ྛ⮬ⓗᤵᵳ㓴㓷ᯫᯊ,ඹྠѪ⌫㚄┕ ࠊဆ䈒ᑠ㓴у仈ᕤస㓴ᥦ౪⛎Җ༴ᕤసᨭᣢࠋୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷䍏䍓Ѫছ⏕ࣣᕤᗣ䘉୩୭ у仈ᕤస㓴ᥦ౪ᨭᣢ㸪㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫䍏䍓Ѫ⧟ቃࠊъ᥎ᗅཬ❧ἲⴁ⟶䘉3୭у仈ᕤ స㓴ᥦ౪ᨭᣢ. 15 XI. 䍒࣑ 30. ⌫㚄┕ⓗ䍑⊩⪅䍏䍓ѪԜྛ⮬ⓗάࣘᥦ౪䍴ຓ㸪ᖼᑗॿຓ◴ᐃ₯ᅾⓗࠊሩ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑ 䇑ฯ㒊ศⓗᕤసᥦ౪䍴※ឤޤ㊃ⓗᤑຓ⪅. 31. 㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡ⏺ছ⏕㓴㓷ᑗ᰿ᤣྛ⮬䍴※ࣘઈᕤసᡤ㧧ᚓⓗ䍴㔠෫㸪ྥ⌫㚄┕ ᥦ౪䍴※㸪௨ᨭᣢᕤసࠋ亴䇑㟂ᨭேઈ㏅⾜䍩⏝㸪ໟᣓྜྠࠊ㏻䇟᥎ᗅάࣘ㸦ໟᣓ ಙᜥ⾲ࠊㆰᣕࠊࡋᘓу䰘ⓗ⨒❰⮳ᑡẗ୩ᖺѮ⾜୍ḟ⌫㚄┕䇪උ㸧㸪ᖼᓄᑾྍ⬟Ѫಁᡂ ਁᒎ୰ᅜᐙ㓿⍾䖜ᆺᮇᅜᐙⓗཧᥦ౪ᨭᣢࠋ2012ᖺ㸪㚄ྜᅜ⧟ቃ㿴ฯ⨫ୡছ㓴㓷ඹྠ ᥦ౪0.8ேᖺⓗேຊ䍴※⏝னᨭᣢ⌫㚄┕ⓗᕤస. 32. 2010ᖺ⮳2012ᖺ㸪⨾ᅜᨻᗓѪ2010ᖺ5᭶ྊᘙⓗ㤳ḟ⌫㚄┕ᕤస䇞2012ᖺ7᭶ྊᘙⓗ➨ ḟ⌫㚄┕䇞ᥦ౪䍒ᨻᨭᣢࠋᚫᅜࠊጾ⍞୕ᅜᨻᗓᢎᢸ⌫㚄┕ึጞྐྵࣘ䱦 ẁⓗ㏅⾜䍩⏝. 33. ͆ᅜ䱵Ꮫရ⟶⌮ᡈ␎᪉䪸͇㸦Strategic Approach To International Chemicals Management㸪SAICM㸧㏻䗷у䰘ⓗ亩┠㸦 “ᛌ㏿ྐྵࣘ亩┠”㸧┤᥋ѪᑽἩ霁ၻ㯏㝯ⓗ㠀ᨻᗓ㓴㓷䍑⊩⪅ᘙᒎᥦ㧗ព䇶ᐉՐάࣘᥦ౪ 䍒ᨻᨭᣢ㸪Ḣ┕ⓗ“SWITCHӊὪ亩┠”ࡉѪ7୭ӊὪᅜᐙ͆⏕ӗᾘ䍩ⓗྍᣢ㔝䖜ਈ͇ᥦ౪ ᨭᣢࠋ㝶╔⌫⧟ቃᇶ㔠㸦GEF㸧ⓗ➨ḟቔ䍴㸪᪨ᅾᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱⓗ亩┠ஓ⿕㓣ධGEFᏛ ရᡈ␎㸪௨᭦ዲᆅᓄሩ͆ᅜ䱵Ꮫရ⟶⌮ᡈ␎᪉䪸͇㠃Ѥⓗ᪂ฟ⧠ⓗᨻ⟇䰞仈. 34. 㝃௳2ᥦ౪ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕2013Ͳ2015ᖺⓗᣦ♧ᛶ亴⟬. ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 16 17 㝃௳I ᾘ㝖ྵ摭ᾕᩱ⌫俼┕ ױѽۉН帖ࢳী ҵࣁࣸފ▁Ж১ہঐۉࣩ՟Ҁ✌ਸ਼ԇͧڟઁոҎૡ՞Ӯ࣮ࣼһݱҺբԉԂͧ ؗࢻஓҨॎܯլଯࡣݪոӖشլଯࡣݪࣩЎ㓬ޛࣩҵࣁࣹߗ澞 ҵࣁ࣒ࣸ՟֡ࢺӥոЌࣙԫ࣏ঐҺբઐ ۉНҵࣁࣩࣸ帖ࢳীڿյअьСͺ x ᢎ客⭆䍘⌫俼┕ⓗయ┠㞯ලయ┠㞯 x ᤑ⊩峬㔠ᡈ⭆≀ᙧᘧⓗᢏ㛗ᶻ攧㸪ไ孊ᘙᒎά ≐㸪⭆䍘⌫俼┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠㞯 x ᣨ↷⌫俼┕ⓗ㏅⾜ᯫᘙᒎᕤసࠋ x ᅾ⌫俼┕ⓗ⨒❰බᘙ⾲᫂⮬ᕫసᷢ峉⊩⪅ⓗ㌟௷ x 峉⊩⪅俼⨒ࠊඹாಙᜥᖼ୍㉳ཧຍ⌫俼┕ ࠋ ҵࣁࣩࣸؐݽոࣹߗ ⌫俼┕ⓗయ┠㞯栬㜵ඒ❺ᭀ㟢னྵ摭ᾕᩱ㸪 ᖼᑾྍ⬟ᑡྵ摭ᾕᩱⓗ俴᷂ᭀ㟢ࠋ宍俼┕᭦ᷢᗅἷⓗ ┠㞯往ໟᣓ㏲ṉῈửྵ摭ᾕᩱⓗ⏕ṏ撨၎㸪᭱买ᾘ㝖 Ṉ䰣ᾕᩱᡤ㐀ᡂⓗ摭ᭀ㟢桶昑ࠋ⌫俼┕㰘ບ᮶⮬ྛᅜ ᨻᗓࠊᨻᗓ斜乬乯㠀ᨻᗓ乬乯㸦ໟᣓබẸ♫ࠊ༊ᇦ ⚊యࠊឿၿ乬乯ࠊᏛ㛗ᮘᯊࠊ፹య⚾反ᮘᯊ㸧ⓗ௦⾲ ឤℜ㊃ⓗᶻᐙཧࠋ ⌫俼┕ⓗᕤసศᷢ୭㔜Ⅼ栮ᇦ㸸 ᬅ 䍗ቃ ᬆ ⌓⏕ ᬇ ≛ᕤᗣ ᬈ ❧ἲ䙹⟶ ᬉ ᷂᥎ᗅ ױѽۉНࡤୣլଯࡣݪҵࣁࣩࣸ帖ࢳী ᕼᮃᡂᷢ⌫俼┕峉⊩⪅ⓗᨻᗓ㒊斐ࠊ乬乯୭ே⸼ᥦ୍௷ពྥḎ㸪ᐉᕸసᷢ峉⊩⪅⮡ᾘ㝖ྵ摭ᾕᩱ⌫ 俼┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠㞯ⓗᢎ客㸪ᥦ౪᭷යᷢᨭᣢ⌫俼┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠㞯㊇ᘙᒎⓗලయ⾜≐ⓗಙᜥࠋ ذڿզЯՆচјЇГЖॸ֩֬͵ Head, Chemicals Branch United Nations Environment Programme Division of Technology, Industry and Economics 11-13, Chemin de Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Suisse Fax : +41 22 797 34 60 Email : lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org Director Public Health and Environment World Health Organization Public Health and Environment 20 Avenue Appia CH-1211 Genève 27 Suisse Fax: +41 22 791 4127 Email: noleadinpaint@who.int ױૡ▁ࣩࠖґ㔴ͧܘІ૩֩֬ॸ՟֡ࢺӥոЌࣙԫ࣏ঐ澞 HTTP://WWW.UNEP.ORG/HAZARDOUSSUBSTANCES/ (GAELPӢ) ᾘ㝖ྵ䫵ᾕᩱ⌫㚄┕ъ࣑䇑ฯ 18 ಙ બऀ٫߄҂۱֨ুৃդ०ܗףङҒই۸ԭٷ ޙߊ ᩗྐྵ⪅ Оங͵࣓ۉНࡤୣլଯࡣݪҵࣁࣩࣸ帖ࢳী ᮏே>乬乯ྡ⛠ᡈ୭ேጣྡ@崆ྠᾘ㝖ྵ摭ᾕᩱ⌫俼┕ⓗ᐀᪨┠㞯㸪 ᕼᮃᡂᷢ⌫俼┕ⓗ峉⊩⪅ࠋ ᡃẔᡃីពᷢ⌫俼┕ⓗᕤసᥦ౪௨ୗ峉⊩㸸 >ᥨධයன⭆≀ᡈ峬㔠ᤑ⊩ⓗᥥ㏙㸪௨ཬᤑ⊩ⓗ㖞斜Ᏻ@ >ᡃẔᡃ@⌮ゎ㸪ᮏ⏦実ಙල⢯ἲᚊ乎᮰ຊ㸹ᨾᮏಙ௳ᡤฟⓗᢎ客 ཬᢎ客᪉ྡ⛠ጣྡ>ᥨධᮘᯊྡᡈ୭ேጣྡ@ᑗබᕸன⌫俼┕⨒❰ࠋ 寐ྐྵ 19
21 㝃 ௳ II ᾘ㝖 ྵ 摭 ᾕ ᩱ ⌫ 俼 ┕ 20 13 -2 01 5ᖺ ⓗ ㏅ ⾜ ά ≐ 栬 ⟬ ఒ 孉 㸦 ⋽ 㸸 ⨾ ඖ 㸧 Ԥ Ѹ ۉ ޯ 20 13 20 14 20 15 ՟ ਗ਼ ࣹ ъ ճ Њ Ў ٖ Ҁ ъ ճ ՟ ֡ ࢺ ӥ ௵ 㸪 3 乏 12 '3 11 12 '8 04 13 '3 16 38 '4 31 校 ┠ ᐁ ␀ 㸪 3 乏 12 1' 74 8 12 6' 61 8 13 1' 68 2 38 0' 04 8 Ќ ԫ ঐ 3 乏 98 '4 92 10 2' 43 1 10 6' 52 9 30 7' 45 1 س ਗ਼ 23 2' 55 1 24 1' 85 3 25 1' 52 7 72 5' 93 1 ஐ ୋ 栦 斖 㸹 ᮍ ᣦ ᐃ 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 75 '0 00 栦 斖 㸹 ᩘ ᤣ ㌊ ୰ ᚰ ᮘ ไ ⨒ ❰ 亜 ㉌ 30 '0 00 10 ,0 00 10 '0 00 40 '0 00 栦 斖 㸹 亾 ไ ᣦ ⮤ ព 奩 ࠊ ᇵ 孕 ᮦ ᩱ ࠊ ᐃ ྥ ฟ ∧ ≀ 75 '0 00 25 '0 00 15 '0 00 11 5' 00 0 栦 斖 㸸 ᥎ ᗅ ὶ ಙ ᜥ ά ≐ 㸦 ẗ ୭ ᅜ ᐙ 㸧 5' 00 0 10 0' 00 0 12 5' 00 0 12 5' 00 0 35 0' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 23 0' 00 0 17 5' 00 0 17 5' 00 0 58 0' 00 0 ਸ਼ ݛ ݖ ܕ ՟ ֡ ࢺ ӥ ⛎ Ḏ ⢬ * 乏 34 '0 08 35 '3 68 36 '7 83 10 6' 15 9 Ќ ԫ ঐ ⛎ Ḏ ⢬ * 乏 17 '0 04 17 '6 84 18 '3 92 53 '0 80 Ѫ ާ Ԇ ➨ ୕ ḟ ᾘ 㝖 ྵ 摭 ᾕ ᩱ ⌫ 俼 ┕ 㸦 *$ (/ 3㸧 孖 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 ᷜ 㖞 ⋷ ຓ ே ␀ ຍ ⌜ 峡 2' 00 0 4' 00 0 2' 00 0 8' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 53 '0 12 82 '0 52 57 '1 75 19 2' 23 9 GG LL OO BB AA LL AA LL LL II AA NN CC EE TT OO EE LL II MM II NN AA TT EE LL EE AA DD PP AA II NN TT :: BB UU SS II NN EE SS SS PP LL AA NN 22 ٚ ݴ ચ *$ (/ 3┦ ය ⓗ ᕪ ᪑ 峡 20 '0 00 30 '0 00 20 '0 00 70 '0 00 س ਗ਼ 20 '0 00 30 '0 00 20 '0 00 70 '0 00 19 99 ޯ ՟ ਗ਼ 53 5' 56 3 52 8' 90 5 50 3' 70 2 1' 56 8' 17 0 ࠊ ঃ ՟ բ ࠊ ঃ ՟ բ ༊ ᇦ 乏 ᅜ ᐙ 乏 㡨 㳳 ࠊ ព 孮 ᩍ ⫱ ⬟ ຊ ᘓ 学 校 ┠ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 29 99 ޯ ՟ ਗ਼ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 ׀ Ѫ ל Ѫ ➨ ୕ ḟ *$ (/ 3 孖 0 15 0' 00 0 0 15 0' 00 0 *$ (/ 3ဆ 宊 ᑠ 乬 孖 10 '0 00 12 '0 00 14 '0 00 36 '0 00 ༊ ᇦ 乏 ᅜ ᐙ 乏 ព 孮 ᥦ 㧗 俼 ┕ ᥎ 徃 孖 20 0' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 *$ (/ 3ᷢ ➨ ୍ ୭ ᅜ 旭 栬 㜵 摭 ୰ ẘ ⾜ ≐ ᪥ 㸦 㔜 Ⅼ ྵ 摭 ᾕ ᩱ 㸧 ᥦ ౪ ⓗ ᨭ ᣢ 75 '0 00 75 '0 00 0 15 0' 00 0 *$ (/ 3௦ ⾲ ฟ ᖍ ᅜ 旭 Ꮫ ရ ⟶ ⌮ ㇀ ␎ ᪉ 搰 㸦 6$ ,& 0㸧 孖 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 75 '0 00 ᶻ ᐙ 孖 50 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 10 0' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 36 0' 00 0 43 7' 00 0 21 4' 00 0 91 1' 00 0 39 99 ޯ ՟ ਗ਼ 36 0' 00 0 43 7' 00 0 21 4' 00 0 91 1' 00 0 ੦ ה ո ԃ ҷ ࣐ ۑ ࡤ ৃ 㓬 ੦ ה ͣ ў ߡ ѹ и 1, 50 0ষ Ҫ ࣩ ࢢ ռ ͤ ≆ බ 学 ⢯ ཬ ⪖ ᮦ 㸸 习 ⻈ ࠊ ቚ ⢊ ࠊ ග 䚀 㸦 &' 5 20 㸧 ࠊ ㏻ ୵ 乧 学 ⢯ 㸦 86 %㸧 1' 20 0 1' 20 0 1' 20 0 3' 60 0 孉 ⟬ ᮘ 弗 ௳ 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 6' 00 0 ᑠ 孉 3' 20 0 3' 20 0 3' 20 0 9' 60 0 ஂ ࡤ ৃ 㓬 ੦ ה ≆ බ 学 ⢯ 㸸 孉 ⟬ ᮘ ◳ ௳ ᩘ ᤣ ㌊ ୰ ᚰ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 س ਗ਼ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 ࢢ Ў ≆ බ ⏝ ᡣ ࠊ 亜 ಟ 峡 ࠊ Ỉ 䓝 峡 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 15 '9 00 س ਗ਼ 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 15 '9 00 23 49 99 ޯ ՟ ਗ਼ 12 '5 00 12 '5 00 12 '5 00 37 '5 00 ੦ ה ࣩ ਸ਼ ո ঢ ۵ ≆ බ 学 ⢯ ⓗ 亜 ㉌ 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '0 00 س ਗ਼ 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '0 00 ۶ ղ ચ ࣐ ⨒ 亄 ⍹ ᕸ 䓝 Ꮚ ፹ య 10 '0 00 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 20 '0 00 ᡴ ༳ 峡 7' 50 0 3' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '5 00 ᩥ ௳ ⩻ 孹 峡 10 '0 00 4' 00 0 10 '0 00 24 '0 00 ౪ *$ (/ 3㔜 Ⅼ ᕤ స 栮 ᇦ ⏝ ⓗ ⏝ ன ᥦ 㧗 ព 孮 ᕤ స ᣦ ⮤ ⓗ ᩥ ௳ 14 0' 00 0 11 0' 00 0 11 5' 00 0 36 5' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 16 7' 50 0 12 2' 00 0 13 5' 00 0 42 4' 50 0 ㏻ 字 㸸 恖 ௳ ᛴ ௳ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 ㏻ 字 㸸 䓝 宅 俼 ⨒ 徆 ᥋ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 ≆ බ ⏝ ရ 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 6' 00 0 س ਗ਼ 10 '0 00 10 '0 00 10 '0 00 30 '0 00 孬 ఒ *$ (/ 3孬 ఒ 栦 斖 20 '0 00 20 '0 00 س ਗ਼ 0 20 '0 00 0 20 '0 00 59 99 ޯ ՟ ਗ਼ 18 2' 50 0 15 7' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 48 9' 50 0 ࣻ ܯ ࣹ ۉ ޯ 1' 49 0' 56 3 1' 63 5' 40 5 1' 38 0' 20 2 4' 40 6' 17 0 ՟ ֡ ࢺ ӥ ո Ќ ԫ ঐ ࣩ ࣹ ݖ ܕ ચ ࣐ ͣ 13 % ͤ 19 3' 77 3 21 2' 60 3 17 9' 42 6 57 2' 80 2 㔀 ਗ਼ 1' 68 4' 33 6 1' 84 8' 00 8 1' 55 9' 62 8 4' 97 8' 97 2 About the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) helps governments, local authorities and decision-makers in business and industry to develop and implement policies and practices focusing on sustainable development. The Division works to promote: > sustainable consumption and production, > the e cient use of renewable energy, > adequate management of chemicals, > the integration of environmental costs in development policies. The O ce of the Director, located in Paris, coordinates activities through: > The International Environmental Technology Centre - IETC (Osaka, Shiga), which implements integrated waste, water and disaster management programmes, focusing in particular on Asia. > Sustainable Consumption and Production (Paris), which promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns as a contribution to human development through global markets. > Chemicals (Geneva), which catalyzes global actions to bring about the sound management of chemicals and the improvement of chemical safety worldwide. > Energy (Paris), which fosters energy and transport policies for sustainable development and encourages investment in renewable energy and energy e ciency. > OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances in developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure implementation of the Montreal Protocol. > Economics and Trade (Geneva), which helps countries to integrate environmental considerations into economic and trade policies, and works with the nance sector to incorporate sustainable development policies. UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, improving the transfer of knowledge and information, fostering technological cooperation and partnerships, and implementing international conventions and agreements. For more information, see www.unep.org 更多信息，请联系 UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch International Environment House I 11-13, Chemin des Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva Tel: +41 22 917 81 92 Fax: +41 22 797 34 60 E-mail: lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org www.unep.org
О О Н П О О К Р У Ж А Ю Щ Е Й С Р Е Д Е ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЙ АЛЬЯНС ПО ОТКАЗУ ОТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СВИНЦА В КРАСКАХ БИЗНЕС-ПЛАН Matija Potocnik/UNEP Глобальный альянс по отказу от применения свинца в красках: Бизнес-план WHO/FWC/PHE/EPE/13.03 © Программа Организации Объединенных Наций по окружающей среде и Всемирная организация здравоохранения, 2013 Все права защищены. Воспроизведение настоящей публикации в любой форме частично или полностью допускается в образовательных и некоммерческих целях без специального разрешения Программы Организации Объединенных Наций по окружающей среде (ЮНЕП) или Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) при условии указания библиографической ссылки. Заявки на перевод следует направлять в ЮНЕП. Использование публикации для последующей продажи и в любых иных коммерческих целях без предварительного письменного согласия ЮНЕП не допускается. Предупреждение Используемые в настоящей публикации обозначения и приводимые в ней материалы не означают выражения мнения ЮНЕП или ВОЗ относительно правового статуса любой страны, территории, города или района или их органов власти или относительно делимитации границ. Кроме того, выраженные в ней мнения могут не отражать решений или заявленной политики ВОЗ или ЮНЕП, а упоминания торговых наименований или промышленных способов не означают их одобрения. UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on 100% recycled paper, using vegetable -based inks and other eco-friendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP’s carbon footprint. 1 ʧʸʽʥʤʸːʻˏʱʤʸː˔ʻˁʿʽʽ˃ʶʤʯ˄ ʽ˃ʿˀʰʺʫʻʫʻʰ˔ˁʦʰʻˉʤʦʶˀʤˁʶʤˈ ʥʰʯʻʫˁͲʿʸʤ ʻ I. ʦʦʫʪʫʻʰʫ 1. ʥ̛̦̖̭̚Ͳ̪̣̦̌ ̨̪ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̨̪ ̨̡̯̱̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̡̡̬̭̌̌ ̼̣̍ ̨̨̨̪̯̣̖̦̔̐̏ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̏̏ ̭ ̶̨̛̬̖̣̖̜̀̚ II/4/B, ̡̨̨̯̬̌́ ̼̣̍̌ ̛̪̬̦̯́̌ ̦̌ ̨̨̯̬̜̏ ̛̛̭̖̭̭ ʺ̴̶̵̸̵̨̨̡̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̦̖̬̖̦̪̬̖̱̣̬̦̥̖̭̖̺̖̭̯̔̌̔̐̏̌̀̏̏̏2009 ̨̱̐̔.ʽ̦̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̨̨̨̡̨̬̙̦̜̬̯̜̔̌,̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̯̬̜̪̬̖̖̣̖̦̼̭̯̬̯̖̏̔̌̐,̶̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̖̦̯̬̼̭̬̖̭̯̭̯̙̖̦̖̣̖̜̔̏̌̔́ ̵̨̛̺̍ ̸̌̔̌̚ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̨̪ ̨̡̯̱̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̡̡̬̭̖̌ (‘ʧ̨̣̣̦̼̜̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̌̽́’). ʥ̛̦̖̭̚Ͳ̸̵̶̶̨̛̛̛̛̪̣̦̪̬̖̦̦̖̦̣̭̖̣̬̦̜̌̔̌̌̔́̏̐̌̌̚̚, ̵̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̌̏̌̏̚ ̸̛̛̱̭̯̌̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ʤ̣̦̭̽́̌. 2. ʦ ̶̨̛̛̬̖̣̀̚ II/4 ʺ̨̨̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̔̌̔ ̴̶̡̨̛̛̦̖̬̖̦ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏ ̛̪̬̦̖̯̭̌́̚ ̵̨̨̨̛̦̖̥̭̯̍̔̽ ̱̖̣̯̔́̽ ̛̛̦̥̦̖̏̌ ̨̨̪̬̭̥̏̌, ̭̦̦̼̥̏́̌̚ ̭ ̶̨̛̬̦̣̦̼̥̌̌̽ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̖̥̽̏̌̚ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̖̺̖ ̦̖ ̸̨̛̪̣̱̣̌ ̨̨̺̖̍̐ ̛̛̪̬̦̦̌́̚ ̛̛̣ ̦̌ ̸̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̯̬̼̖̦̖̬̺̣̭̭̯̯̦̦̥̦̍̌̌̽̔̌̐̏̌́.ʦ̶̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̯̥̦̯̖̭̯̖̬̖̣̾̏̀̚II/4/B̨̬̺̖̯̭̍̌̌́ ̛̛̛̛̦̥̦̖̦̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖̏̌̌“̶̵̡̡̛̭̦̬̭̏̌̏̌̌”̸̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̖̭̯̖̦̪̬̭̪̣̯̏̌̏̏̐̏̌: (a) ʿ̨̛̖̬̙̖̯̭̔̔̏̌́ ̨̛̭̦̖̔̌̚ ̨̨̨̣̣̦̐̍̌̽̐ ̪̬̯̦̖̬̭̯̌̏̌, ̸̌̔̌̌̚ ̡̨̨̨̨̯̬̐ Ͳ ̸̨̛̖̭̪̖̯̍̽ ̶̵̨̨̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̼̜̯̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̬̭̌́̏̌̏̌̌̚,̸̨̯,̸̸̨̨̛̭̣̖̪̬̖̏̐,̱̖̯̣̯̭̍̔́̏́̽́ ̨̨̛̯̖̯̥̦̪̬̼̏̌̏̚ʦ̸̸̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̭̖̥̬̦̜̭̯̬̖̦̼̭̹̖̥̱̬̦̖̪̱̭̯̜̥̱̬̯̏̌̏̏̏̌̏̀̚(2002 ̐.)̶̵̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̯̭̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̯̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̬̭̔̍̽́̐̌̌́̏̌̏̌̌̚; (b) ʿ̬̖̣̖̯̭̔̌̐̌́ ̭̖̥̏ ̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̥̌̏̌̚ ̨̨̭̯̬̦̥̌ ̨̛̛̛̪̬̭̖̦̯̭̔̽́ ̡ ʧ̨̨̣̣̦̥̱̍̌̽ ̪̬̯̦̖̬̭̯̱̌̏ ̛ ̏ ̵̵̨̨̛̦̖̥̼̍̔ ̸̵̭̣̱̌́ ̯̏́̽̚ ̦̌ ̭̖̍́ ̨̯̖̣̭̯̍́̌̽̏̌̚ ̨̛̪̬̖̭̯̯̔̌̏̽ ̴̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̦̭̼̖̬̖̭̱̬̭̼̣̬̖̭̱̬̭̼̦̯̱̬̣̦̥̼̬̙̖̦̌̏̏̌̌̽̏̌; (c) ˁ̨̛̖̬̙̯̭̔́ ̨̪̬̭̽̍̌ ̡ ̨̯̥̱̾ ̪̬̯̦̖̬̭̯̱̌̏ ̨̨̨̛̪̯̯̔̐̏̽ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̪̣̦̌ ̭ ̨̛̛̣̙̖̦̖̥̚ ̸̵̡̛̖̯ ̶̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̱̖̙̖̜̦̪̱̯̪̬̙̖̦̣̣̦̥̱̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̥̱̯̱̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̍̌̔̏́̐̍̌̽̌́̏̌̚ ̵̸̵̡̡̡̨̬̭̬̖̣̖̼̣̭̯̖̜̏̌̌̏́̔̀̏̍̌,̨̡̛̛̪̬̖̭̯̯̣̔̌̏̽̔̌̔ʺ̴̶̨̨̡̨̛̛̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̦̖̬̖̦̔̌̔ ̛̛̦̖̖̯̬̖̯̖̜̭̖̭̭̌̽. 3. ʧ̶̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̣̣̦̼̜̣̦̭̪̬̖̣̭̖̪̖̬̖̬̦̦̦̖̭̖̦̖̍̌̽̌̽́̏̏̏̐̌̌̌̔̌̏̚̚ʮ̖̦̖̖̭̏26̨̪28̥̌́2010 ̐.̴̵̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̼̣̬̥̣̖̦̪̖̬̹̖̦̪̖̬̯̦̼̥̖̬̪̬̯̜̍̌̏̌̏́̏̚2011̨̱̐̔. GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 2 II. ˉʫʸʰʰʯʤʪʤˋʰʧʸʽʥʤʸːʻʽʧʽʤʸː˔ʻˁʤ 4. ʿ̸̨̨̖̬̖̬̖̦̏̔̌́ ̸̌̔̌̌̚ ʤ̣̦̭̽́̌ ̨̨̛̭̭̯̯ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̨̛̪̬̖̯̬̯̯̔̏̌̽ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̏̔̏̚ ̶̵̨̨̨̛̛̭̦̭̖̬̙̺̏̏̔̌ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̦̌ ̖̯̖̜̔ ̛ ̛̭̖̭̯̏ ̡ ̛̛̥̦̥̱̥̱ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̏̔̏̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏, ̦̌ ̵̯̖, ̡̨̯ ̭ ̛̛̦̥ ̨̬̯̖̯̌̍̌. ʦ ̨̯̥̾ ̡̨̡̦̯̖̭̯̖ ʤ̣̦̭̽́ ̛̛̪̬̖̪̬̦̥̖̯̔̌ ̛̛̱̭̣́, ̸̴̨̡̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̖̦̪̖̬̙̱̪̖̬̦̜̪̬̣̯̌̌̏̌̔̔̏̌, ̸̡̣̺̖̜̭̌̀̌̀́̚ ̏ ̨̛̛̛̭̦̙̖̦̥̭̹̯̌̌̍̏ ̶̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̣̱̭̣̜̏̔̌̏,̵̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̛̯̬̼̖̭̪̭̭̯̱̯̖̜̭̯̦̺̖̭̬̱̙̺̖̜̭̬̖̖̍̏̀̏̔̏̀̌̔́̐́̏̌̀̔̚ ̶̸̨̨̡̨̛̛̭̦̦̬̦̥̖̣̖̏̌̌̐̌̏̌̔̚ ̨̨̯̐, ̡̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̪̦̖̖̜̭̯̖̥̙̖̯̪̬̜̯̌̔̍̏̔̏̚̚. ʦ̨̡̨̛̹̬̥ ̭̥̼̭̣̖ ̶̛̖̣ ʤ̣̦̭̽́̌ ̨̨̭̭̯̯́ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̨̛̯̭̔̍̽́ ̨̨̨̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̐ ̨̡̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̌̚ ̛ ̨̛̪̬̙̔̌ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛, ̏ ̸̡̨̨̦̖̦̥ ̨̛̯̖̐, ̡̨̛̛̛̣̬̯̏̔̏̌̽ ̯̖ ̡̛̛̬̭, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̵̨̡̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̦̯̭̭̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖̥̯̬̭̏̌̀̏̏́̾̌̚̚. 5. ʶ̸̨̡̛̦̬̖̯̦̼̖̌̔̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̭̭̯̯̯̥̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌́̏,̸̨̯̼̍: (a) ʿ̨̛̼̭̯̏̽ ̨̨̨̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̏̔̽ ̵̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̌̏̽̏ ̶̛̛̦̭̯̦̜̌ ̛ ̵̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̱̺̐̀ ̨̨̬̦̐̌̏, ̸̨̨̡̨̭̯̦̭̖̯̬̌̐̌,̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚,̨̛̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̖̜̍,̵̨̛̬̯̺̌̍̌̀,̴̵̨̨̨̨̛̪̬̖̭̭̦̣̦̼̭̌̽̀̏̚ ̨̨̡̨̛̛̪̬̜̖̬̥̖̏̌̔̏̔Ͳ̸̶̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̦̯̬̦̜̪̥̺̯̦̹̖̦̯̭̦̭̯̭̦̌̌̏̏̌,̵̨̨̺̖̏̔́̐̏ ̨̡̨̡̭̭̯̬̭̌̏̌,̸̵̸̵̵̨̨̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̦̹̖̦̦̣̯̖̦̖̭̣̖̖̭̖̬̹̖̦̦̼̣̖̖̖̪̭̦̼̏̌́̍̏̍̍̌̚ ̛̣̯̖̬̦̯̌̽̌̏; (b) ʰ̬̯̐̌̽ ̡̨̛̛̯̣̬̱̺̱̬̣̌̌̀̀̽̚ ̏ ̨̨̨̡̪̯̖̔̐̏ ̛ ̨̛̛̭̱̺̖̭̯̣̖̦̏ ̵̨̨̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̏̏̀ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̐̌ ̦̌ ̨̨̭̦̖̏ ̴̨̡̡̛̛̛̪̬̣̯̌ ̏ ̶̵̖̣́ ̛̱̥̖̦̹̖̦̽́ ̛ ̶̡̛̛̛̛̣̏̔̌ ̡̨̛̬̭̏, ̵̡̛̼̯̖̺̏̌̀ ̛̚ ̨̨̡̨̡̛̛̭̪̣̦̬̭̽̏̌́̌̚,̵̶̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̔̌̏,̛̛̛̖̣̜̔̚,̡̨̨̨̨̛̦̯̬̼̖̦̦̭̯̭̭̖̬̙̺̖̌̌́́̔̌ ̶̡̡̛̛̭̦̖̬̭̏̌; (c) ʽ̡̯̌̌̽̚ ̨̨̪̥̺̽ ̏ ̛̛̼̣̖̦̏́̏ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̛ ̨̛̭̭̯̯̖̣̖̜̌̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̨̡̡̡̛̛̪̬̣̙̯̼̪̱̭̯̭̼̯̬̭̔̌̀̏̌̽̍̏̌̽̌,̶̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̭̦̖̔̌̏,̭̯̖̥,̸̨̨̨̨̯̼̭̪̭̭̯̯̍̍̏̏̌̽ ̨̛̛̥̖̬̪̬̯̥́́, ̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̥̌̌̏ ̦̌ ̨̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̼̜ ̨̡̯̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̛ ̶̨̡̛̛̪̬̱̔; (d) ˁ̨̨̖̜̭̯̯̔̏̏̌̽ ̨̛̭̦̔̌̀̚ ̵̵̨̨̛̦̖̥̼̍̔ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̵̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̱̺̐̀ ̡̭̯̬̱̯̱̬, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̨̨̨̨̛̭̪̬̖̪̯̭̯̯̪̬̭̯̱̏́̏̏̌̽̏̔̏̚,̨̛̥̪̬̯̱,̡̨̭̪̬̯̱̾,̵̨̨̛̛̛̛̪̬̙̖̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̖̬̙̺̔̌̀̔̌ ̶̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̭̦̖̬̭̖̣̜̏̌̔̚,̶̡̨̨̨̡̡̨̛̛̛̦̯̬̼̖̭̖̬̙̺̖̭̦̖̬̭̦̦̭̯̭̌̔̌̏̌̌́́; (e) ˁ̨̨̛̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̥̏̏̀ ̨̨̬̥̍̌̚ ̨̨̛̪̬̪̦̬̯̌̐̌̔̏̌̽ ̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̱̔̌̔̀ ̴̶̡̛̛̛̭̖̬̯̌̀ ̯̬̖̯̖̜̽ ̵̸̵̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̭̯̬̦̜̦̼̣̬̭̦̼̖̣̜̏̌̌̔̚,̸̨̨̨̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̯̪̥̣̼̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̥̱̦̯̬̭̐̌̍̍́̌̏̌̽̌̚ ̶̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̪̬̼̯̦̖̭̖̬̙̺̖̣̖̦̜̭̦́̔̌̔̍̌̏̏̌;̛ (f) ˀ̨̭̪̬̭̯̬̦̯̌̌́̽ ̴̶̨̨̛̛̦̬̥̦̦̼̖̌ ̛̥̯̖̬̣̼̌̌ ̛ ̨̡̼̯̌̏̌̽̚ ̨̨̪̥̺̽ ̏ ̛̛̼̣̖̦̏́̏ ̛ ̛̛̱̥̖̦̹̖̦̽ ̨̥̭̹̯̌̌̍̏ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̏̔̏́̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̨̛̥̹̦̔̌ ̵̨̛̱̭̣̏́ ̛ ̨̡̬̱̏̐ ̛̛̙̣̺, ̏ ̵̸̵̵̡̡̨̛̛̛̖̯̭̱̬̖̙̖̦̹̣̔̔́̌,̵̡̨̨̡̡̛̯̬̼̪̬̭̱̯̭̯̱̖̯̬̭̏̏̌̌,̶̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̔̌̌́̏,̛̪̼̣̽ ̨̡̡̛̯̜̬̭̾̌,̵̵̨̛̛̛̦̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̼̪̬̖̪̬̯̌̔́́,̵̵̨̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̺̣̭̪̣̱̺̬̭̏̔́̽̀̌̚̚, ̶̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̭̦̖̔̌̏,̶̶̵̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̖̣̱̥̖̦̹̖̦̥̭̹̯̖̜̭̯̭̦̦̬̯̺̽̀̽́̌̌̍̏̏̔̏́̏̌̌̌̍̌̀̚. 3 6. ʽ̛̪̬̖̖̣̖̦̖̔ ‘̡̡̛̬̭̌,̶̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̜̭̦̖̔̌̏’̶̣̖̣̖̜̔́ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌,̨̨̡̛̪̬̖̖̦̭̦̭̖̏̔̏ ̛̦̙̖.1 ʦ ̨̡̨̛̹̬̥ ̭̥̼̭̣̖ ̛̯̖̬̥̦ ‘̡̡̬̭̌̌’ ̸̡̣̖̯̏̀̌ ̏ ̭̖̍́ ̡̛̣̌, ̶̣̦̼̐́, ̨̛̪̣̯̱̬̼, ̛̥̣̾̌, ̛̣̱̬̐̌̚, ̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̬̱̦̯̣̪̬̼̯̐̏́,̵̶̨̡̛̛̭̪̣̱̖̥̼̖̣̭̖̣̖̜̽̔́̏́̚.ʶ̸̡̨̨̬̭̼̦̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̯̌̌̍̔̌̏́ ̨̨̭̜̍ ̭̥̖̭̽ ̨̭̥̣, ̨̛̪̥̖̦̯̐̏, ̨̛̦̪̣̦̯̖̣̖̜̌, ̨̛̬̭̯̬̯̖̣̖̜̌̏ ̛ ̵̛̬̱̔̐ ̨̨̡̔̍̌̏. ˁ̶̛̦̖̏ ̨̣̖̯̭̔̍̌̏́́ ̏ ̡̡̬̭̱̌ ̏ ̛̖̏̔ ̶̵̨̛̭̦̼̏̏ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̜̔, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̥̱̯̐ ̨̛̪̬̭̱̯̭̯̯̏̏̌̽ ̏ ̸̡̖̭̯̖̌̏ ̵̛̛̛̬̦̯̖̣̖̜̬̱̌̐́̔̐̚̚̚ ̡̨̨̨̥̪̦̖̦̯̏ ̡̡̛̬̭̌. ʦ ̛̭̣̱ ̵̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̯̦̖̥̼̱̭̣̾̐̍̔́, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̶̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̱̖̬̙̯̺̖̖̭̖̬̙̦̖̭̦̦̥̙̦̣̖̖̦̥̱̬̦̖̔̏̌̽̍̔̌̏̌̌̌̍̏̚. 7. ʶ̡̛̬̭̌, ̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏, ̨̨̪̬̙̯̔̌̀ ̡̛̬̭ ̡̡̌ ̦̌ ̯̪̖̾̌ ̵̛ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ (̏ ̸̡̖̭̯̖̌̏ ̵̨̦̼̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌),̵̡̨̨̛̛̛̯̪̭̣̖̦̣̙̖̦̌̌́,̵̨̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̪̬̙̪̬̣̖̥̼̦̭̣̖̪̬̯̪̬̖̙̦̣̖̯̔̌́̍̌̔́̌,̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̛̪̖̬̖̙̯̏̌̀ ̨̡̭̬ ̛̛̙̦̚ ̵̨̡̬̹̖̦̦̼̌ ̵̨̨̪̖̬̦̭̯̖̜̏, ̏ ̛̭̏́̚ ̭ ̨̛̛̯̭̣̦̖̥̌̏̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̏ ̛̭̏́̚ ̭ ̵̵̵̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̱̱̹̖̦̖̥̣̬̬̱̹̖̦̖̥̬̹̖̦̦̼̪̖̬̦̭̯̖̜̔̌̌̏̚.ʿ̵̨̨̨̡̡̛̛̯̥̱̪̬̬̖̥̦̯̖̪̖̬̖̬̭̖̯̖̾̌ ̵̨̨̪̖̬̦̭̯̖̜̏, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̬̦̹̖̌̽ ̛̼̣̍ ̨̡̬̹̖̦̼̌ ̨̭̖̬̙̺̖̜̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̨̬̭̜̌, ̨̡̛̦̯̏̌̀̚ ̸̛̦̯̖̣̦̼̖̌̽̚ ̡̛̛̬̭ ̣̔́ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚. ʽ̨̭̍̌́ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̍̌ ̨̨̛̭̭̯̯ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̯ ̛̭̖̯̖̣̭̯̏̔̽̏̌ ̵̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̪̬̣̙̯̖̣̦̭̪̣̦̖̬̯̦̼̬̭̔̽̐̽̏̌́̔̌̏̌̚,̵̶̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̔̌̏,̨̨̥̱̯̪̐Ͳ̪̬̖̙̦̖̥̱ ̵̵̵̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̬̱̙̯̭̦̬̱̹̬̱̖̣̍̌̏̌̽́̌̐̌̔̐̔́̚,̵̡̨̨̡̛̯̬̼̖̯̭̯̭̔̌̌̀́(̡̨̨̛̛̛̣̯̬̼̖̥̖̯̭̀́̏ ̵̵̨̨̛̛̪̬̖̖̣̭̖̥̭̯̔̌̔́̐̌).ʿ̸̨̨̛̛̛̯̥̱̙̦̖̜̹̖̖̦̖̦̖̣̱̭̣̜̾̏̌̌̔́̚ʧ̨̨̨̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̥̖̖̯̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̍̌ ̛̱̣̖̦̔̌́ ̶̵̨̛̭̦̼̏̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̨̡̛̪̬̼̺̏̌̀ ̛̦̱̯̬̖̦̦̖̏ ̛ ̦̬̱̙̦̼̖̌ ̵̨̨̛̪̖̬̦̭̯̏ ̏ ̵̵̵̨̡̨̛̛̙̣̼̥̹̣̔̌̌(̨̯̖̭̯̽,̥̖̖̣̍̽,̭̯̖̦̼,̡̛̛̛̖̬̬̱̖̭̯̬̱̯̱̬̼̔̏̔̐). 1 ˃̛̖̬̥̦“̡̡̬̭̌̌”(̨̡̛̪̬̼̯̖)̸̡̣̖̯̭̖̏̀̌̏̍́:̡̛̣̌,̛̣̱̬̐̌̚,̨̛̪̣̯̱̬̼,̛̥̣̾̌,̨̡̛̛̛̪̪̬̖̯̼̣̪̬̼̯̌́,̵̨̡̛̛̭̪̣̱̖̥̼̖̣̭̽̔́̏́̚ ̶̖̣̖̜.ʶ̸̡̨̨̨̨̨̬̭̼̦̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̯̭̜̭̥̖̭̭̥̣̌̌̍̔̌̏́̍̽,̨̛̪̥̖̦̯̐̏,̨̛̦̪̣̦̯̖̣̖̜̌,̵̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̬̭̯̬̯̖̣̖̜̬̱̌̏̔̐̔̍̌̏. “ˁ̨̖̬̙̺̖̜̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̨̬̭̜̌” ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̡̡̬̭̌̌, ̏ ̡̨̨̯̬̱̀ ̨̣̖̦̼̔̍̌̏ ̨̛̦̔ ̛̛̣ ̨̣̖̖̍ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̜̔ ̶̛̭̦̏̌. ˁ̶̨̛̦̼̖̏̏ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̔́,̸̡̨̨̨̨̨̡̡̯̬̼̖̼̦̣̯̭̬̭̱̍̔̍̌̏́̀́̏̌,̸̡̣̯̭̏̀̌̀́,̸̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̦̖̬̦̯̭̥̭̣̖̱̺̖̭̖̦̖̦̐̌̏̌̀́̔̀̔́:̨̨̡̛̥̦̭̔ ̶̛̭̦̏̌,̶̨̡̨̛̯̦̯̭̦̌̌̏̌,̵̶̨̛̬̥̯̭̦̌̏̌,2Ͳ̶̡̨̛̛̯̣̖̭̦̯̭̦̾̐̌̌̏̌,̴̶̛̭̱̣̯̭̦̽̌̏̌,̶̨̡̛̛̭̭̦̔̏̌,̶̨̛̛̥̣̯̭̦̍̔̌̏̌,̶̛̛̦̯̬̯̭̦̌̏̌, ̴̵̶̨̨̛̙̖̣̯̼̜̭̱̣̬̥̯̭̦̽̌̏̌,̴̶̛̦̯̖̦̯̭̦̌̌̏̌, ̴̵̡̨̨̨̛̬̭̦̼̜̭̱̣̯̬̥̯̥̣̯̌̽̌̌̍̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̡̛̪̖̬̖̭̽ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̶̡̨̛̬̦̯̭̦̌̍̌̏̌ (̖̣̼̜̍ ̶̛̭̦̖̏), ̨̡̛̭̽ ̵̨̬̥̯̌̌ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̛ ̛̯̬ ̶̨̛̭̦̼̜̏̏Ͳ̛̭̍ (̡̨̬̦̯̌̍̌) Ͳ ̨̡̛̛̛̬̭̔̐̔̔ 1. ʽ̺̍̌́ ̶̶̡̨̛̦̖̦̯̬̌́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̛̯̾ ̵̸̶̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̼̭̣̖̯̭̦̖̪̬̖̦̯̦̔́̏́́̌̍̌̐̚ ̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̭̯̪̖̭̱̺̖̜̦̖̣̯̣̦̜̣̪̬̱̯̣̪̖̭̱̼̭̱̹̖̦̦̜̌̏̌̏̍̏̌̽̔̔̌̏̏ ̡̡̡̛̛̪̣̖̦̬̭̌.ˁ̶̵̵̸̨̨̨̡̨̡̡̡̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̼̖̭̖̦̖̦̥̱̯̯̙̖̪̬̭̱̯̭̯̯̬̭̖̬̦̯̖̣̬̱̭̭̯̦̼̭̯̖̜̬̭̏̏̔́̐̌̏̏̌̽̏̌̌̌̐́̔̐̌̏̌̌̚̚̚. ʻ̵̨̨̨̛̖̥̍̔ ̛̛̪̬̦̥̯̌̽ ̛̛̱̭̣́, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̛̱̖̬̙̯̔̏̌̽ ̨̺̖̖̍ ̨̛̭̖̬̙̦̖̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̡̡̬̭̌̌ ̦̌ ̡̡̌ ̨̨̥̙̦ ̨̣̖̖̍ ̡̨̛̦̥̚ ̨̱̬̦̖̏. ʪ̨̨̨̨̛̦̦̼̖̬̭̯̬̦̪̣̯̪̬̖̪̣̙̯̌́̔̌̌̏́̀̔̽̚,̸̶̵̵̵̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̡̨̛̛̛̛̯̱̬̖̦̭̖̬̙̦̭̦̥̦̖̬̯̦̼̬̭̭̭̯̣̖̯̥̖̦̖̖̏̽̔̌́̏̌̏̐̔̌̏̌̌̌̏́ 90̸̸̨̨̨̛̛̛̭̯̖̜̦̥̣̣̦̭̯̦̱̬̦̖̌̌̌̌̏45̸̨̛̛̭̯̖̜̦̥̣̣̦̌̌. GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 4 III. ʤˀʧ˄ʺʫʻ˃ʤˉʰ˔ʿʽʪʤʻʻʽʺ˄ʦʽʿˀʽˁ˄ 8. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ ɤɪɚɫɨɤ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɧɚɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɥɨɟɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ, ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ2 ɩɨ ɪɹɞɭ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ: (a) ʯ̨̨̬̖̔̏̽ ̸̨̡̖̣̖̏̌. ˁ̶̛̦̖̏ ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̨̛̯̼̥́̔̏ ̨̥̖̯̣̣̥̌, ̌ ̨̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̯̖̣̦̽ ̡ ̖̯̥̔́ ̨̖̪̭̦̼̜̍̌̚ ̨̱̬̖̦̏̽ ̨̖̐ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̏̔̏́̚ ̦̖ ̨̱̭̯̦̣̖̦̌̏. ˁ̶̛̦̖̏ ̨̥̙̖̯ ̨̡̼̯̌̏̌̽̚ ̨̭̖̬̖̦̖̽̚ ̛̛̣̦̖̏́ ̦̌ ̨̨̬̖̔̏̽̚ ̸̨̡̖̣̖̏̌, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̨̨̛̦̖̬̯̥̖̍̌ ̨̛̪̬̖̙̖̦̖̏̔ ̨̥̐̌̚ ̛ ̨̦̖̬̦̜̏ ̛̭̭̯̖̥̼, ̨̪̬̣̖̥̼̍ ̴̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̱̦̦̬̦̏̌́ ̸̨̡̪̖ ̛ ̱̺̖̬̍, ̨̛̦̦̭̥̼̜̌ ̡̨̛̬̏ ̛ ̨̡̨̛̬̖̪̬̱̯̦̜̔̏ ̛̭̭̯̖̥̖. ʽ̨̨̭̍ ̛̱̥̼́̏̚ ̛̖̯̔ ̏ ̨̬̭̯̖̏̌̚ ̨̔ 6 ̣̖̯ ̛ ̖̬̖̥̖̦̦̼̖̍ (̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̨̥̙̖̯ ̨̪̱̦̌̐̍ ̨̛̪̣̯̏́̽ ̦̌ ̨̛̛̛̬̺̜̭̥̬̦̌̏̏̌̀́̾̍̚). (b) ˑ̸̡̨̨̡̨̛̦̥̖̭̖ ̛̛̣̦̖̏́. ʦ ̬̖̱̣̯̯̖̽̌̚ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̶̵̨̛̭̦̼̏̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̨̡̛̦̯̏̌̀̚ ̪̬̥̼̖́ ̛ ̡̨̭̖̦̦̼̖̏ ̸̡̨̨̡̛̛̦̥̖̭̖̾ ̡̛̛̖̬̙̔̚. ʶ ̛̦̥ ̨̨̯̦̭̯̭́́ ̡̛̛̖̬̙̔̚ ̏ ̨̛̣̭̯̍̌ ̵̨̬̦̼̌ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚ ̛ ̨̪̯̖̬́ ̨̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̦̭̯̏̔̽̚. ʿ̨ ̶̨̡̖̦̖ ʦ̨̛̭̖̥̬̦̜ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚ ̵̨̨̛̬̬̦̖̦̔̌̏̌́̚ (ʦʽʯ) ̦̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̵̨̛̛̪̬̯̭̔́ 0,6% ̨̨̨̣̣̦̐̍̌̽̐ ̛̬̖̥̖̦̍ ̨̛̣̖̦̜̌̍̏̌̚, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̨̡̨̨̣ 600 000 ̵̨̦̼̏ ̸̭̣̱̖̌̏ ̨̛̯̭̯̦̌̏̌́ ̡̨̨̛̦̯̖̣̣̖̯̱̣̦̌̽̐ ̛̛̬̯̌̏́̚ ̖̯̖̜̔, ̸̵̨̯̥̖̖̥̼̌ ̨̨̖̙̖̦̐̔. ʦ ̸̨̛̛̯̣̖ ̨̯ ̨̨̯̾̐, ̸̡̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̦̥̖̭̖̖̬̙̾̔̚,̶̵̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̦̦̼̖̭̯̥̯̭̪̣̦̭̦̥̦̏́̌̌̽̏̌́̏̌̏̐̚̚̚ ̵̛̏̔̌ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̡̡̌ ̨̛̖̭̯̦̏̚, ̸̛̦̖̦̯̖̣̦̼̌̽̚, ̌ ̬́̔ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̱̙̖ ̨̛̛̣̭̔̍̽ ̵̨̱̭̪̖̏ ̏ ̛̛̛̥̖̦̖̦̚ ̨̭̭̯̌̏̌ ̛̛̖̣̜̔̚, ̵̨̨̛̪̣̺̏́̀̚ ̨̛̪̬̖̯̬̯̯̔̏̌̽ ̶̨̨̛̛̪̬̖̦̥̖̬̖̦̦̖̣̖̦̖̭̦̔̌̔̍̌̏̏̌. (c) ˑ̸̡̨̨̡̛̛̣̖̭̖̐ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̼̍. ˁ̶̛̦̖̏ ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̸̸̨̬̖̼̜̦̏̌̚ ̛̭̯̣̦̼̥̌̍̽ ̨̣̖̥̖̦̯̥̾ (̨̯ ̖̭̯̽, ̨̨̛̛̣̙̱̺̥̔̐̏), ̸̛̭̯̬̖̺̥̭̏̌̀́ ̏ ̨̛̪̬̬̖̔, ̛ ̨̦ ̨̛̯́̔̏ ̣̔́ ̛̬̭̯̖̦̜̌, ̵̨̛̙̯̦̼̏ ̛ ̡̨̨̨̛̛̥̬̬̦̥̐̌̏̚. ˁ̶̛̦̖̏ ̡̛̦̪̣̖̯̭̌̌̏̌́ ̏ ̨̛̣̹̦̭̯̖̍̽̏ ̨̨̛̬̦̥̐̌̏̚, ̵̸̨̨̨̨̡̛̪̖̬̙̖̦̦̼̖̖̜̭̯̖̬̖̬̱̙̺̱̭̬̖̱̔̏̐̏̔̏̀̌̀̀̔̚̚,̸̸̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̖̬̖̥̦̖̭̯̦̐̚ ̛ ̨̛̛̥̦̥̐ ̛̪̱̯̥́. ʽ̡̯̌̚ ̨̯ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̽̏̌́̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̛̖̦̦̖̍̚ ̨̨̛̪̣̣̏̚ ̨̛̯̭̔̍̽́ ̸̨̨̛̦̯̖̣̦̌̽̐̚ ̨̡̛̭̬̺̖̦̌́ ̨̖̐ ̨̼̬̭̏̍̌ ̏ ̴̨̯̥̭̖̬̱̌, ̨̨̛̪̣̣̏̚ ̛̱̥̖̦̹̯̽̽ ̨̭̦̦̖̏́̌̚ ̭ ̛̯̥̾ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̏̔̏̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̛ ̡̛̱̬̖̪̯̽ ̵̨̬̦̱̌ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́. ʦ ̨̨̨̨̨̛̪̬̯̪̣̙̦̭̯̏̽ ̨̯̥̱̾ ̨̨̪̬̣̙̺̖̖̭̔̌̀́ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̖̽̏̌̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̵̡̡̬̭̌̌ ̸̶̵̵̨̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̖̯̭̭̯̦̥̖̜̭̯̭̦̥̦̬̜̦̥̬̌́̏̔̏́̏̌̏̐̌̌̌̚,̡̨̨̨̯̬̼̜̭̯̣̭̌́ ̛̛̖̦̥̦̍̏̌́̚. 2ʪ̶̛̣̖̣̖̜̦̖̭́̍̚Ͳ̛̪̣̦̯̖̬̥̦̌̌‘̡̨̨̨̬̙̦̭̖̺̖̭̯̐̌̔̌̍̏’̸̸̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̣̖̯̭̖̬̖̬̦̏̀̌̏̍́̌̍̐̌̌̚,̴̨̨̨̛̪̬̖̭̭̦̣̦̼̖̪̬̜̖̬̼̌̽̏̌̔ ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ̶̶̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̦̯̬̦̜̪̥̺̭̭̌̌̌̌,̸̶̡̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̖̥̖̭̖̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̖̬̦̌̌̔̌̏̽̏̐̌̌̚,̨̛̛̛̦̥̺̖̭̪̬̭̖̺̖̦̖̥̌̌̀́̏̚. 5 (d) ʶ̸̨̡̨̛̥̥̖̬̖̭̖̪̬̣̖̥̼̍.ʶ̡̛̬̭̌,̶̨̛̛̦̖̭̖̬̙̺̖̭̦̖̔̌̏,̡̪̬̖̣̯̭̦̬̼̦̖̔̌̐̌̀́̌ ̨̛̥̦̖̐ ̨̨̡̛̛̼̣̐̔̔̌̌̚ ̨̨̨̛̭̪̬̦̭̯̏̀̐̔̽ ̏ ̸̡̖̭̯̖̌̏ ̸̵̡̨̡̛̛̥̥̖̬̖̭̣̯̖̬̦̯̌̽̌̏. ʿ̨̨̡̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̯̖̣̬̭̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̥̱̯̭̱̖̬̖̦̦̭̯̪̣̯̭̱̭̣̱̥̏̔̌̍̐̏̽̀̽̏̌̽́̐̌̚̚ ̡̨̬̼̦̏, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̸̨̛̛̬̦̯̐̌̏̌̀ ̨̛̪̭̯̱̪̣̖̦̖ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̱̥̖̦̹̯̽̌̀ ̶̨̛̪̯̖̦̣̦̼̖̌̽ ̸̡̨̡̛̥̥̖̬̖̭̖ ̡̛̛̬̭ (̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̡̛̛̬̭ ̣̔́ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚ ̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̭̯̬̱̦̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̖̜̔̏̍,̵̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̭̯̦̹̖̦̭̣̖̦̭̱̺̖̭̯̱̺̦̬̥̏̍̀̔́̏̀ ̛ ̨̨̛̯̖̯̭̯̖̦̦̭̯̏̏, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̡̛̛̬̭, ̭̦̦̼̖̏́̌̚ ̭ ̶̨̛̛̱̺̖̬̥̬̖̪̱̯̍̌ ̛̛̪̬̖̪̬̯̔́́), ̡̡̛̪̬̖̣̬̭̔̌̐̌́̌,̵̶̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̖̭̖̬̙̺̖̣̖̦̦̼̖̦̭̖̦̖̦̭̦̔̌̔̍̌̏̏̔́̏̌. (e) ʿ̨̨̛̛̬̣̖̥̼̬̖̱̣̬̦̍̐̏̌́.ʦ̡̨̡̛̛̬̖̭̯̬̦̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖̬̭́̔̌̌, ̵̶̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̔̌̏, ̱̙̖ ̴̴̡̨̛̖̯̦̾̏ ̡̨̨̛̦̯̬̣̬̱̖̯̭́ ̛̪̬ ̨̨̛̪̥̺ ̨̨̛̦̬̥̯̦̌̏Ͳ̵̨̪̬̼̌̏̏ ̡̨̯̌̏. ʥ̨̣̬̌̐̔̌́ ̨̡̯̱̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̏ ̛̖̦̦̖̍̚, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̜ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̛̣̭́̏́ ̵̵̶̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̬̖̱̣̯̯̥̭̣̭̦̦̼̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̼̖̜̭̯̜̦̦̣̦̪̬̽̌̐̌̏̌̔̌̔̔̏̌̌̽̐̌̏̏̐̚ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌́, ̛̼̣̍ ̸̨̯̥̖̖̦̼ ̸̛̦̯̖̣̦̼̖̌̽̚ ̨̡̛̭̬̺̖̦̌́ ̨̱̬̦̖̜̏ ̨̛̭̖̬̙̦̔̌́ ̶̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̦̬̱̖̯̖̜̱̦̭̖̣̖̦̖̣̥̏̌̏̏̔̌́̏.ʦ̴̨̛̥̖̙̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̜̭̖̬̖̌̏̽̏,̬́̔ ̨̛̪̬̼̏̏̚ ̡ ̨̨̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̥̱ ̨̡̯̱̌̚ ̨̯ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏, ̸̨̪̬̱̣̏̌̚ ̦̌ ̨̼̭̹̖̥̱̬̦̖̏̏.3 9. ʻ̨̖̭̥̯̬́ ̦̌ ̨̯̯ ̴̡̯̌, ̸̨̯ ̡̛̛̬̭, ̨̨̱̭̣̣̖̦̦̼̖̍̏ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̥̏̔̏̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̨̡̨̯̬̼̯ ̛̪̬̦̯̭̌̀́̚, ̭̱̺̖̭̯̱̯̏̀ ̛̯̬ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̼̍, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̭̯̯̭̌̀́ ̨̨̨̪̬̖̥̖̯̥̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̔̔̌̔ ̸̨̨̨̛̖̦̦̭̯̌̍̚: (a) ˀ̨̭̯ ̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̌̚ ̛ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̨̡̛̪̬̼̯̜. ʿ̨̨̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̖ ̨̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̨̡̛̪̬̼̯̜ ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̛̬̭̯̱̺̥̌ ̨̣̣̦̼̥̐̍̌̽ ̨̛̦̖̭̥̍̚, ̸̬̭̖̯̦̌̌́ ̨̖̙̖̦̐̔̌́ ̨̨̛̭̯̥̭̯̽ ̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̌̚ ̛ ̨̪̬̙̔̌ ̏ ̡̨̨̨̯̬̥ ̨̭̭̯̣̖̯̌̏́ 85 ̥̣̬̔.̨̣̣̔.ˁˌʤ.ˀ̸̨̡̨̡̨̡̨̡̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̦̱̭̯̬̬̭̪̬̼̯̜̯̖̭̦̭̦̭̦̥̖̭̥̔̌̏́̌̾̚ ̛̛̬̯̖̥̌̏̚ ̭̯̬̦̌, ̛ ̨̨̪̯̥̱̾ ̛̖̭̣ ̦̖ ̨̨̛̪̬̜̖̯̔̚ ̨̡̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̭ ̶̨̛̛̛̣̖̦̥̭̦̔̍̌̏́̏̌,̸̨̡̨̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̯̬̭̪̖̬̙̖̦̦̭̯̖̖̜̭̯̯̙̖̱̖̣̯̭̔̏̐̏̔̏̀̌̏́̚. ʰ̥̖̯̭̀́ ̡̡̛̬̭̌, ̏ ̨̭̭̯̌̏ ̵̡̨̨̯̬̼ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̔́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̦̖ ̵̨̯̏̔́ ̛ ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̣̯̍̌̔̌̀ ̡̨̯̜̌ ̙̖ ̨̥̥̜̐̌ ̶̨̖̯̏̏, ̡̨̯̜̌ ̙̖ ̴̴̡̨̛̖̯̦̭̯̾̏̽̀ ̛ ̸̡̨̡̨̥̥̖̬̖̭̜ ̨̨̛̭̯̥̭̯̽̀. (b) ʽ̸̨̛̛̬̦̖̦̦̭̯̭̖̖̦̜̐̌̽̏̔.ˁ̨̨̛̖̖̦̯̥̏̔́,̵̵̶̡̡̡̡̨̛̛̛̛̬̭̭̖̬̙̯̭̭̦̖̏̌̌̌̔́̏̏ ̶̶̡̡̨̡̨̛̛̜̦̖̦̯̬̌̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌̏ ̵̡̡̛̌ ̵̭̯̬̦̌̌, ̸̨̛̖̭̥̬̦̖̦̼̏̽̌̐̌, ̶̨̨̡̛̛̪̬̱̍̔́ ̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̦̖̭̖̥̼̥̬̥̥̬̬̦̏̐̔̌̏̔̍̌̌̏̌̌̚.ˑ̨̛̛̯̯̬̱̦̖̯̖̜̭̯̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̔́̔̏́̌̏̽̏̚, ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̡̨̨̛̬̯̖̯̬̌̏, ̵̨̛̬̯̺̌̍̌̀, ̨̨̪̬̜̖̬̏̌̔̏ ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ ̨̛̭̦̯̬̦̜̌̌ ̨̨̛̪̥̺ ̛ ̡̨̨̛̬̱̯̖̣̖̜̏̔ ̵̨̨̛̬̬̦̖̦̔̌̏̌́̚, ̶̨̨̬̍̏ ̌̚ ̨̡̬̱̙̺̱̌̀̀ 3 ʦ̸̸̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̖̥̬̦̭̯̬̖̦̼̭̹̖̥̱̬̦̖̪̱̭̯̜̥̱̬̯̌́̏̌̌̏̏̏̌̏̀̚,ʿ̨̛̛̣̦̼̪̣̦̖̦̬̖̹̖̦̜̌̏́,̡̪̱̦̯57;ˁ̸̵̡̨̨̡̛̛̯̬̯̖̖̭̜̪̌̐̔̔ ̨̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̥̱̔̌̔ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏ ˁʿʺˀˈʦ (2006 ̐.); ʺ̨̖̙̱̦̬̦̔̌̔̌́ ̴̶̡̨̛̦̖̬̖̦́ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭̖̺̖̭̯̏̏(ʺʶˀˈʦ2),ˀ̶̨̛̖̣̀́̚II/4B(2009̐.). GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 6 ̭̬̖̱̔ ̛ ̨̛̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̖̜̍ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̯̦̹̖̦ ̵̵̨̨̛̦̖̥̼̍̔ ̛̖̜̭̯̜̔̏, ̵̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̌̌̏ ̦̌ ̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̭̦̙̖̦̖̬̭̪̖̬̙̖̦̦̭̯̭̦̱̌̔̏̏,̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌,̵̡̡̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̯̭̪̣̦̖̣̖̖̌̌̽̏̌̍̚ ̵̨̛̖̪̭̦̼̣̯̖̬̦̯̍̌̌̽̌̏̚. (c) ʻ̸̴̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̖̭̯̯̦̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̔̌̌́̏̌̽:ʿ̨̨̨̛̥̥̭̖̏̐,̵̵̵̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̥̦̭̯̬̦̥̦̏̐̌̌̏̐ ̵̨̭̣́ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́ ̸̨̯̥̖̖̯̭̌́ ̡̛̛̦̜̚ ̨̱̬̖̦̏̽ ̴̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̏̌ ̨̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̽ ̶̵̨̛̪̯̖̦̣̦̼̌̽ ̡̨̛̬̭̏ ̣̔́ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚ ̛ ̡̨̨̛̛̣̾̐, ̵̨̨̱̭̣̣̖̦̦̼̍̏ ̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̔̌ ̶̡̡̛̛̭̦̖̬̭̥̏̌̌.˄̸̸̴̶̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̼̬̦̖̦̦̭̯̦̬̥̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̯̏̌́̐̌̽̌̽̐,̸̨̪̖̥̱ ̵̶̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̪̬̣̙̖̯̭̭̪̣̦̖̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̔̌́̽̏̌̔̌̏̌̚,̡̨̛̦̖̣̖̱̖̯̼̖̣̯̐̍̔̏̔̽ ̵̯̖ ̨̛̛̛̦̱̱̥̔̏̔̏ ̛ ̯̖ ̬̱̪̪̼̐ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̪̖̬̙̖̦̼̔̏ ̡̛̬̭̱, ̛ ̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̥̌̏̌̚ ̨̨̭̯̬̦̥̌ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̨̯̬̱̦̔ ̨̨̛̛̥̣̯̍̏̌̽̚ ̸̨̡̛̛̪̣̯̖̭̱̀ ̛ ̶̵̵̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̭̱̪̖̬̙̱̖̣̪̬̦̯̦̣̖̙̺̖̜̭̯̜̍̽̀̔̔̏́́́̌̔̌̔̏. 7 IV. ʥʰʯʻʫˁͲˁ˃ˀʤ˃ʫʧʰ˔ 10. ʽ̨̨̨̨̛̛̭̦̪̣̺̜̼̦̖̭̏̌̐̌̀̏̏̔̍̚Ͳ̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̌̐ ̨̨̛̭̭̯̯ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̨̯̪̬̖̣̼̍ ̭̱̺̖̭̯̱̯̦̏̀̌ ̵̱̔̏ ̵̨̨̭̦̦̼̏ ̵̨̱̬̦̏́: (1) ̨̪̬̖̣̼̍ ̏ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ (̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌, ̸̛̛̦̣̖̌ ̛ ̨̨̭̯̱̪̦̭̯̔̽ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ ̨̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̽ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̪̬̖̣̖̥̼̔̌̐̌ ̦̌ ̡̬̼̦̖, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̖̺̖ ̨̭̖̬̙̯̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏), ̛ (2) ̨̪̬̖̣̼̍ ̏ ̨̱̬̦̖̏ ̨̨̨̛̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̏̔ ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̨̨̭̯̬̦ (̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌, ̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̬̭̣̯̖̬̦̯̖̜̭̯̜̽̏̌̽̌̏̔̏,̡̨̨̨̛̯̬̼̖̱̭̪̖̹̦̪̬̖̪̬̦̯̼̔́).ʽ̨̭̦̏̌ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̌̐ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̛̬̖̹̯̽ ̛̯̾ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̼̍ ̛̭̣̖̱̺̥̔̀ ̨̨̬̥̍̌̚. Figure1:ʽ̭̱̺̖̭̯̣̖̥̏́̌́ʧ̨̨̣̣̦̼̥̣̦̭̥̍̌̽̌̽́ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̴̶̨̛̛̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̦̬̥̌̐́̌,̨̨̨̛̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̏̔ (a) ʰ̴̶̨̛̦̬̥̌́. ʿ̨̛̬̯̔̍̌̽, ̨̨̪̣̦̯̔́̽ ̛ ̨̛̪̖̬̙̯̔̔̏̌̽ ̨̣̣̦̼̜̐̍̌̽ ̡̨̡̥̪̣̖̭ ̴̶̵̨̨̛̛̦̬̥̦̦̼̌ ̵̦̦̼̔̌, ̵̡̛̭̺̭̌̌̀́ ̨̭̣̖̏ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́, ̵̛̛̥̖̺̀ ̡ ̨̯̥̱̾ ̨̨̛̯̦̹̖̦̖ ̛ ̵̨̪̖̬̙̖̦̦̼̔̏ ̸̨̛̦̯̖̣̦̥̱̌̽̚ ̡̛̬̭̱ (̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌, ̛̖̯̔, ̛̙̖̦̺̦̼ ̛ ̨̛̬̯̺̖̌̍̌̀), ̵̨̨̛̛̦̖̣̪̬̯̦̼̪̭̣̖̭̯̜̣̍̌̐́̔̏̔́ ̵̶̨̨̨̛̛̬̯̖̣̦̼̣̔̏̽́̔̽̚ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́ ̏ ̛̭̏́̚ ̭ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̥̏̔̏̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨ ̨̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̚ ̛ ̨̪̬̙̖̔̌ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̔́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌. ˑ̨̯ ̛̥̖̖̯ ̨̨̣̹̖̍̽ ̸̛̦̖̦̖̌̚ ̣̔́ ̸̨̛̖̭̪̖̖̦̍́ ̨̨̨̛̭̯̖̬̦̭̯̔̏ ̵̦̦̼̔̌, ̣̔́ ̨̛̪̣̦̖̦̌́̚ ̨̨̪̬̖̣̍̏ ̏ ̵̦̦̼̔̌ ̛ ̸̶̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̖̭̪̖̖̦̪̬̬̖̭̭̦̪̬̣̖̦̯̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̍́̐̌̏̌̌̏̌̌́̏̌̚,̡̨̨̛̪̬̦̯̬̣̖ ̵̨̨̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̪̯̦̹̖̦̭̦̥̱̱̬̦̀̔̏̀,̨̨̛̖̭̯̦̥̱̦̥̦̦̭̯̺̖̖̬̖̥̏̌̌̌́̏́̚. b) ʽ̨̨̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̏̔̽. ˀ̨̭̪̬̭̯̬̦̯̌̌́̽ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌̀ ̛ ̨̛̯̭̔̍̏̌̽́ ̖̖ ̡̨̨̛̥̭̥̣̦̌̌̽̐ ̨̛̱̭̖̦̏́ ̨̨̛̭̦̦̼̥̏ ̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̥̌̏̽̏ ̡̛̬̱̥̐̌, ̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̥̏̔́̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̨̛̛̭̭̯̯̖̣̥̌̏́ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̛̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̥̌̏̌̚ ̛̬̱̪̪̥̐̌ ̡̨̨̬̙̦̭̐̌̔̌̐ GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 8 ̨̺̖̭̯̍̏̌ ̛ ̨̛̯̖̣̦̼̥̔̽ ̶̛̛̣̥̌ (̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌, ̨̛̛̬̯̖̣̥̔́, ̸̛̛̱̯̖̣̥́ ̛ ̨̡̛̛̥̖̬̯̦̥̔̌̍̌, ̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̥̏̔́̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̛̥̣̬̥̌́̌ ̛ ̨̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̣̥́, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̵̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̣̥̪̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̥́̔̌̏́).ʿ̸̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̼̹̖̦̖̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̖̦̦̭̯̏̏̔̌̍̚ ̨̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̽ ̸̵̡̨̨̡̛̛̣̖̭̾̐ ̴̡̨̨̯̬̌̏ ̡̛̬̭̌ ̣̔́ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̽ ̛̪̬̖̥̱̺̖̭̯̏ ̛ ̨̨̛̛̭̱̺̖̭̯̥̭̯̏ ̨̡̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏, ̣̯̭́̏́̀́ ̶̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̖̬̯̖̣̦̼̥̱̭̣̥̣̥̣̖̜̭̯̜̔̏̌̽̏́̔́̍̌̔̏̚.ˁ̨̨̛̪̭̖̜̭̯̜̱̖̯̍̔̏̍̔ ̨̨̭̭̯̯́̽ ̏ ̨̯̥, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̡̛̦̪̣̯̌̌̏̌̽ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌̀ ̛ ̨̛̪̬̯̭̌̽́ ̦̌ ̛̭̱̺̖̭̯̱̺̖̏̀ ̸̴̶̵̸̵̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̦̦̬̥̯̖̭̣̱̌̏̌́,̡̨̨̨̨̨̯̥̙̦̐̔̌̾̏̚,̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̪̬̯̦̬̖̯̦̼̖̏̔̽ ̵̨̛̛̛̪̬̥̖̬̼̱̭̪̖̹̦̼̥̖̬̪̬̯̜́. (c) ʪ̛̖̜̭̯̏́.ʦ̸̶̸̨̨̨̡̛̛̱̹̖̣̯̪̬̭̯̦̭̯̖̣̥̥̔̏́̽̌̽́̌̔̌̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̡̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ ̵̛ ̨̛̛̭̯̙̖̦̔̀. ˑ̨̯ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̨̭̱̺̖̭̯̣̯̭̏́̽́ ̌̚ ̸̭̖̯ ̴̨̨̛̛̬̥̬̦̏̌́ ̨̨̡̨̛̭̱̪̦̭̯̏ ̸̵̡̛̖̯,̵̵̡̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̬̖̯̦̼̪̺̭̥̖̬̖̦̖̜̭̯̜̔̔̌̀́̀̔̏̚,̵̨̡̨̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̦̯̯̌̌̏̌̌̚ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̱̱̯̍̔ ̛̪̬̖̪̬̦̯̼̔́ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̏̏ ̭ ̨̨̛̪̖̬̯̦̜̌̏ ̵̨̭̖̥̜ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌. ʻ̌ ̶̨̨̛̦̦̣̦̥̌̌̽ ̨̱̬̦̖̏ ̱̱̯̍̔ ̨̨̛̪̬̪̦̬̯̭̌̐̌̔̏̌̽́ ̨̨̭̣̭̦̦̼̖̐̌̏̌ ̛̖̜̭̯̔̏́, ̏ ̨̯̥ ̸̛̭̣̖, ̪̱̯̖̥ ̨̨̛̪̺̬̖̦́ ̶̶̵̶̵̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̦̦̦̣̦̼̣̦̭̪̯̱̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̼̬̭̐̌̌̌̌̽̌̽́̏̌́̏̏̌̏̚̚ ̸̶̸̡̨̛̛̛̖̭̯̖̭̬̖̭̯̭̯̙̖̦̖̣̖̜̌̏̔̏̌̔́̌̔̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌. 11. ʿ̛̛̬̦̥̌́ ̨̏ ̛̛̦̥̦̖̏̌ ̨̭̖̺̱̏̍̀ ̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̱̔̌̔̀ ̨̛̪̬̖̬̙̖̦̦̭̯̏̽ ̖̣̱̔ ̶̨̨̨̛̬̦̣̦̌̌̽̐ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌́ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏ ̛ ̡̨̡̨̦̬̖̯̦ ̨̪̭̯̣̖̦̦̱̌̏̀ ̏ ˁ̸̵̵̸̵̸̡̨̨̨̡̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̬̯̖̖̭̥̪̖̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̥̱̬̖̱̣̬̦̥̖̭̖̺̖̭̯̱̌̐̔̔̔̌̔̐̏̌̀̏̏̌̔̌̚ ̸̨̡̛̖̭̪̖̯̍̽2020̐.̡̨̨̨̛̯̖̪̣̙̖̦̖̌,̸̵̸̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̼̭̖̥̖̭̖̖̺̖̭̯̭̪̣̣̭̍̏̏̏̌̽̏̌̽̚ ̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̪̬̣̭̯̥̬̥̏̔̽̌̍̌̚̚,̸̵̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̯̼̭̖̭̯̥̦̥̱̥̱̦̖̯̦̖̖̜̭̯̖̦̍̏̐̌̏̏̔̏̌̚ ̨̨̬̖̔̏̽̚ ̸̨̡̖̣̖̏̌ ̛ ̨̡̬̱̙̺̱̌̀̀ ̭̬̖̱̔, ʧ̨̣̣̦̼̜̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̌̽́ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̛̭̯̬̖̥̯̭̽́ ̛̱̭̯̦̣̯̌̌̏̏̌̽ ̨̯̖̣̦̼̖̔̽ ̨̡̪̬̖̯̦̼̖ ̶̛̖̣, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̨̥̙̦ ̨̬̖̣̦̌̽ ̨̛̭̯̦̱̯̔̐̽ ̨̔ ̛̦̭̯̱̪̣̖̦̌́2020̨̐̔̌. 9 V. ʥʰʯʻʫˁͲʿʽʪˈʽʪ 12. ʥ̛̦̖̭̚Ͳ̵̨̨̪̔̔ʧ̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̭̭̯̯̯̥̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̏,̸̨̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̯̼̥̣̯̹̬̥̭̹̯̦̼̖̍̍̏̌̽̌̌̍̚ ̵̶̨̨̡̨̨̡̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̖̜̭̯̪̯̱̯̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̪̱̯̖̥̪̬̖̖̦̬̯̼̪̭̣̖̱̺̥̔̏́̌̔̌̏̌̏̔́̌̍̔̀̚ ̛̦̪̬̣̖̦̥̌̌̏́: (a) ʺ̶̨̛̛̛̣̍̌́̚ ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̨̨̭̯̬̦ ̦̌ ̨̛̼̪̣̦̖̦̖̏ ̨̺̖̜̍ ̛ ̥̖̭̯̖̏ ̭ ̯̖̥ ̡̨̛̜̐̍ ̨̨̨̨̬̣̦̔̍̏̽ ̨̛̪̬̦̯̜́ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̼̐̌, ̪̬̖̙̖̔ ̨̭̖̏̐, ̱̖̣̔́́ ̛̛̦̥̦̖̏̌ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥ ̛̖̜̭̯̥̔̏́; (b) ˁ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̔̏ ̨̨̭̥̖̭̯̦̜̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̨̨̭̯̬̦, ̨̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̜̌̌̏ ̦̌ ̡̛̱̬̖̪̣̖̦̖ ̛ ̵̶̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̣̦̖̦̖̭̱̺̖̭̯̱̺̦̯̦̱̥̖̦̹̖̦̖̪̬̣̣̖̣̥̬̯̖̔̏̀̌̏̌̽̌̌̌̏̌̍̚; (c) ˀ̨̯̌̍̌ ̨̪ ̛̼̣̖̦̏́̏̀ ̛ ̨̡̛̦̌̌̀̚ ̨̨̛̪̥̺ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̯̦̹̖̦ ̵̡̨̡̦̬̖̯̦̼ ̨̨̨̥̙̦̭̯̖̜̏̚, ̸̵̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̱̭̯̖̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̭̯̬̦̐̔̌̌̌̏̌̚,̵̸̡̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̦̣̖̙̺̬̣̦̼̥̬̱̪̪̥̭̯̬̦̌̔̌̌̐̌̚, ̵̨̨̛̣̖̯̭̦̖̥̼̥́̏́́̍̔,̵̸̵̛̛̣̯̖̭̣̱̏̌́,̴̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̦̬̱̙̖̯̭̖̯̖̜̭̯̜̐̔̌̍̌̏̌́̔̔̏; (d) ˁ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̔̏ ̡̨̛̥̪̦̥̌́ ̏ ̥̖̦̖̌̚ ̵̨̛̦̭̥̼̏ ̏ ̡̡̬̭̱̌ ̶̵̨̛̭̦̼̏̏ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̜̔ ̨̣̖̖̍ ̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̖̪̭̦̼̥̣̯̖̬̦̯̦̼̥̥̍̌̌̽̌̏̔̍̌̏̌̚; (e) ʽ̶̡̖̦̌ ̵̨̱̭̪̖̏ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ʤ̣̦̭̽́̌ ̛ ̨̨̛̭̖̬̹̖̦̭̯̦̖̏̏̏̌ ̖̖ ̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̌̐, ̏ ̸̭̣̱̖̌ ̵̨̨̨̛̛̦̖̥̭̯̍̔. 13. ʰ̨̣̙̖̦̦̼̜̚ ̼̹̖̏ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̵̨̨̪̔̔ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̨̭̱̺̖̭̯̣̯̭̏́̽́ ̨̪ ̛̪̯́ ̸̨̛̬̥̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̥̐̌, ̨̨̛̯̦̭̺̥̭́́ ̡ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́, ̏ ̶̵̖̣́ ̶̛̛̛̬̖̣̌̌̚ ̵̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼ ̸̌̔̌̚, ̵̵̵̶̸̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̖̥̼̣̭̯̙̖̦̺̖̣̖̜̍̔̔́̔́̍̌̔̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌.ˑ̸̵̨̛̛̯̪̯̬́̽̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̨̪ ̛̪̯́ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́ ̛̯̬̯̌̌̐̏̌̀̚ ̛̭̣̖̱̺̖̔̀ ̯̖̥̼: ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ̛̭̦̯̬̦̼̖̌̌ ̡̭̪̖̯̼̌;̸̡̨̨̡̡̛̛̣̖̭̖̭̪̖̯̼̾̐̌;̵̨̨̨̛̬̖̬̯̺̔̏̽̌̍̌̀̚;̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̯̖̣̭̯̬̖̱̣̬̦̖̌̔̌̽̏̐̏̌̚; ̡̨̡̨̨̛̦̯̯̼̭̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̌̽̀.ʪ̴̶̸̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̪̣̦̯̖̣̦̦̬̥̪̙̜̬̖̜̬̱̪̪̖̽̌́̌́̌̔̌̍̐,̖̖ ̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̭̭̯̱̪̬̦̥̱̪̣̦̱̬̯̼̥̙̦̦̜̯̦̖̌̏̔̍̌̌̍̌̌̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̖̌ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌.4 VI. ʪʽˀʽʮʻʤ˔ʶʤˀ˃ʤʧʸʽʥʤʸːʻʽʧʽʤʸː˔ʻˁʤ 14. ʧ̸̸̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̣̣̦̼̜̣̦̭̪̖̬̦̣̦̱̖̯̭̯̬̖̥̯̭̭̭̬̖̯̯̭̱̭̣̦̯̍̌̽̌̽́̏̌̌̽̍̔̽́̔̽̏́̌,̸̨̯̼̍ ̨̛̬̯̐̌̔̽ ̨̯ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̏̔̏́̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̨̛̦̣̖̖̌̍ ̛̱̥̼̖́̏̚ ̬̱̪̪̼̐ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́, ̛ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̱̖̣̯̔́̽ ̨̨̨̭̦̦̖̏ ̛̛̦̥̦̖̏̌ ̨̛̭̥̏̽ ̨̨̭̦̦̼̥̏ ̛̦̪̬̣̖̦̥̌̌̏́ ̛̖̜̭̯̜̔̏ ̣̔́ ̛̬̖̹̖̦́ ̨̪̬̣̖̥̍, 4 ʦ̖̍Ͳ̭̜̯̌ʧ̶̵̵̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̪̯̱̯̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̼̭̖̦̖̦̜̬̭̥̙̦̦̜̯̪̬̖̭̱̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̌́̏̏̔̏̌̌̌̌̔̚: http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmium/PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/617 6/Default.aspx GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 10 ̸̵̨̱̖̦̦̼̏̚ ̏ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̌̐. ˑ̛̯ ̨̨̨̛̭̦̦̼̖̥̥̖̦̯̼̖̜̭̯̜̏̔̏ ̣̱̯́̐ ̨̨̭̦̱̏ ̨̛̛̭̯̙̖̦̔́ ̶̸̛̖̣̖̜̌̔̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌. 15. ʶ̨̛̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̖̜̭̯̥̦̔̏́̌2012Ͳ2013̐̐.,̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̼̯̖̺̥̪̣̦̬̯̼̪̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̏̌̀̌̌̌̍̚ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́, ̛ ̸̛̪̖̬̖̭̣̖̥̼̥́ ̖̭̔̽̚ ̖̍̚ ̨̛̭̣̖̦̍̀̔́ ̡̡̨̨̌̐Ͳ̨̛̣̍ ̨̨̨̨̭̍̐ ̨̡̪̬́̔̌, ̱̱̯̍̔ ̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̭̽́: (a) ˁ̨̛̦̖̔̌̚ ̛ ̛̖̖̦̖̏̏̔ ̏ ̛̖̜̭̯̖̔̏ ̶̖̦̯̬̌ ̨̥̖̦̍̌ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̖̜̌ ̛̛̣ ̵̛̛̬̦̣̺̌̌ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ ̣̔́ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̜ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̵̨̭̬̦̯̌́̽ ̛̛̥̖̺̖̭̀́ ̨̡̛̛̛̪̬̪̦̭̯̭̖̥̯̖̬̣̼̌̐̌̔̌̌,̴̶̵̶̵̨̨̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̦̬̥̱̬̦̭̖̬̙̦̭̦̬̭̌̀̍̏́̔̌́̏̌̏̌̌,̨ ̶̨̡̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̖̬̖̭̖̬̙̦̭̦̬̪̦̬̖̏̔̌́̏̌̏̏̾̔̌̔̚, ̌ ̸̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̯̙̖̥̖̯̖̭̖̱̦̌̔̌̌́̚ ̨̪ ̸̛̣̖̖̦̀ ̛ ̯.̔. (ʦ̭̖, ̸̨̯ ̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̭́ ̡ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̜ ̨̛̣̭̯̍̌ ̨̪ ̨̨̪̬̭̥̏̌ ̵̨̬̦̼̌ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚, ̨̡̬̱̙̺̖̜̌̀ ̭̬̖̼̔, ̡̨̡̨̦̯̯̌̏ ̭ ̨̨̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̽̀, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̡̨̨̦̯̖̣̭̯̌̔̌̽̏̌̚ ̛ ̴̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̏̌). ʿ̸̨̨̖̬̦̣̦̖̏̌̌̽ ̛̛̦̥̦̖̏̌ ̶̖̦̯̬̌ ̨̥̖̦̍̌ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̖̜̱̖̯̱̖̣̯̭̯̖̥̥̯̖̬̣̥̌̍̔̔́̽́̌̌̌,̵̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̯̬̼̖̦̖̥̼̣̪̬̖̖̦̍̔̔́̏̔́ ̨̨̨̛̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̦̖̜̭̯̜̔̌̔̐̔́̔̏; (b) ˀ̶̨̡̨̨̨̡̨̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̬̯̪̬̖̣̙̖̦̥̣̹̬̜̪̖̬̙̭̭̯̬̦̼̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̌̍̌̔́̍̌́̔̔̌̏̽̏̚̚, ̴̵̨̨̛̪̬̖̭̭̦̣̦̼̌̽ ̶̡̨̛̛̛̣̦̭̯̏ ̛ ̨̡̨̛̬̯̦̌̍̏ ̨̨̨̺̖̭̯̖̦̦̍̏̐ ̵̨̨̛̬̬̦̖̦̔̌̏̌́̚ ̛ ̵̛̬̱̔̐ ̵̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̌̏̌̚ ̨̨̭̯̬̦ ̣̔́ ̨̛̪̬̖̖̦̏̔́ ̨̨̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̔̌̔̐ ̦̔́ ̛̖̜̭̯̜̔̏ ̨̪ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̖̯̬̺̖̦̯̬̣̖̦̔̏̌̀̌̏́ ̶̨̛̛̭̦̥̪̬̏ ̨̨̪̖̬̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̥̏ ̛̛̛̦̥̦̏̌ ̨̨̪̬̭̱̏ ̨̡̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ (̡̭̖̯̭̌̌́ ̵̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼ ̨̣̭̯̖̜̍̌ ̨̪ ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ̸̡̨̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̭̦̯̬̦̼̥̣̖̭̥̭̪̖̯̥̌̌̾̐̌̌); (c) ʿ̸̨̛̣̱̖̦̖ ̨̦̖̭̯̺̖̜̔̌̀ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ ̨ ̸̛̛̛̦̣̌ ̛̛̣ ̨̛̛̯̭̱̯̭̯̏ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̦̌ ̨̡̨̛̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̭̥̍̽ ̡̬̼̦̖ ̏ ̵̯̖ ̵̭̯̬̦̌̌, ̖̐̔ ̏ ̨̦̭̯̺̖̖̌́ ̬̖̥̏́ ̡̨̯̜̌ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ ̛̥̖̖̯̭́ ̨̨̦̖̥̦̐ ̛̛̣ ̨̦̌ ̨̨̪̣̦̭̯̽̀ ̨̯̭̱̯̭̯̱̖̯̏; ̸̛̛̱̖̣̖̦̖̏ ̨̨̻̖̥̍̏ ̴̶̵̶̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̬̥̪̱̯̖̜̭̯̭̦̦̱̥̼̖̬̱̪̪̼̦̭̖̣̖̦̌́̏̔̏́̏̌̌́̏̐̌́̚̚(̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌,̦̌ ̖̯̖̜̔ ̏ ̨̬̭̯̖̏̌̚ ̨̔ ̛̹̖̭̯ ̣̖̯, ̨̛̪̯̬̖̯̖̣̖̜̍ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̨̡̨̛̭̯̬̱̦̔̏ ̛̛̪̬̖̪̬̯̜̔́, ̵̨̨̛̛̪̬̺̏̔́̚ ̡̡̛̬̭̌) ̏ ̡̱̖̏́̚ ̭ ̸̛̛̬̣̦̼̥̌̚ ̡̨̛̛̯̖̬̥̌̐́ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ (̛̦̪̬̥̖̬̌, ̡̨̡̡̛̛̖̬̯̦̼̖̬̭̔̌̏̌,̨̡̡̛̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̼̖̬̭̌,̡̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̦̯̬̬̜̦̼̖̬̱̦̯̣̥̖̯̣̣̌̐̏̔́̌̌̚ ̸̨̛̪̬̖̖)(̨̨̨̛̛̪̭̖̥̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̣̭̯̥̏̍̌́); (d) ˀ̨̡̬̯̌̌̍̌̚ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̦̖̭ ̡̨̨̬̱̭̯̏̔̏ ̣̔́ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̨̪ ̛̣̯̖̬̦̯̥̌̽̌̏̌ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̥̔́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̨̛̭̪̣̱̖̥̼̥̽̚ ̏ ̵̡̡̬̭̌̌ (̨̪ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́, ̡̛̭̺̥̭̌̌̀́ ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ̵̛̭̦̯̬̦̼̌̌ ̡̨̭̪̖̯̌̏, ̸̵̡̨̨̡̛̛̣̖̭̾̐ ̡̨̭̪̖̯̌̏ ̛ ̡̨̡̨̦̯̯̌̏ ̭ ̨̨̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̽̀); (e) ˀ̨̡̬̯̌̌̍̌̚ ̡̨̡̛̛̛̭̭̯̖̥̼̥̬̬̌̏ ̛ ̴̶̡̛̛̛̛̭̖̬̯̌ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ (̨̪ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̣̭̯̥̍̌́, ̡̡̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̭̺̥̭̦̯̖̣̭̯̬̖̱̣̬̦̦̯̯̭̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̌̌̀́̌̔̌̽̏̌̐̏̌́̌̏̽̀̚); (f) ˀ̨̛̭̪̬̭̯̬̦̖̦̖̌̌ ̨̡̱̥̖̦̯̔̌, ̏ ̡̨̨̨̯̬̥ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̼̔̌̏ ̛ ̨̭̱̙̯̭̍̔̌̀́ ̣̖̥̖̦̯̼̾ ̶̶̵̶̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̦̦̣̦̜̭̭̯̖̥̼̱̪̬̣̖̦̪̬̖̭̭̥̯̯̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̌̌̽̌̏́̌̌̔̌̏̌̚(̨̪ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̣̭̯̥̍̌́,̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̭̦̦̼̥̭̦̯̖̣̭̯̥̬̖̱̣̬̦̖̥̏́̌̌̔̌̽̏̐̏̌̚̚); 11 (g) ʿ̸̖̬̖̔̌̌ ̵̡̭̪̖̬̯̦̼̾ ̛̦̦̜̌̚ ̨̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̽ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̦̥̯̭̦̥̦̖̪̬̪̬̖̖̦̖̬̹̺̖̜̬̯̼̦̪̬̺̥̭̌̀́̏̏̌̏̔̌̏̌̀̌̍̌̔̌̀́̚ ̦̌ ̸̦̱̦̼̖̌ ̦̦̼̖̔̌ ̡̨̨̛̛̬̱̺̥̏̔́ ̶̛̛̛̪̬̦̪̥̌ ʦʽʯ ̨̪ ̨̨̪̬̭̱̏ ̨ ̴̨̡̡̛̛̪̬̣̯̖̌ ̛ ̸̛̛̣̖̖̦ ̨̛̪̭̣̖̭̯̜̔̏ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̏̔̏́̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̶̡̨̛̛̬̖̥̖̦̔̌, ̡̛̭̺̖̭̌̌̀́ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚ ̡̛̛̭̬̦̦̐̌ ̡̨̛̬̏ ̦̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̛ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̐̌ ̨̛̪̦̬̾̔̌̔̌̚ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̯̦̹̖̦ ̶̨̨̛̛̛̛̖̜̭̯̭̖̦̖̦̜̭̦̏̔̏́̔̏̌̚(̨̨̨̛̛̪̭̖̥̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̣̭̯̥̏̍̌́); (h) ʿ̸̵̸̵̨̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̬̣̖̖̦̖̪̣̦̯̖̣̦̼̱̭̯̱̺̭̯̬̦̬̯̖̏̔̽̌̏̀̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌,̨̯̥̏ ̸̛̭̣̖, ̪̱̯̖̥ ̴̨̨̛̛̬̥̬̦̏̌́ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̨̣̦̭̌̽́̏, ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍, ̛ ̸̨̛̖̭̪̖̖̦̖̍ ̨̨̣̹̖̍̽̐ ̨̻̖̥̍̌ ̴̵̨̛̦̦̭̼̌̏ ̨̨̛̪̙̖̬̯̦̜̏̏̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̡ ̨̛̛̭̯̙̖̦̔̀ ̶̸̛̖̣̖̜̌̔̌̚ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌(̨̨̨̛̛̪̭̖̥̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥̣̭̯̥̏̍̌́). 16. ʪ̨̨̨̛̛̛̪̣̦̯̖̣̦̼̖̥̖̬̪̬̯̦̽́́̌2014 Ͳ2020 ̐̐., ̡̛̛̛̛̭̯̬̖̥̭̬̖̬̯̼̯̖̜̭̯̯́̽̌̏̏̌̽̔̏́̔̚ ̶̨̛̛̛̭̯̙̖̦̖̣̖̜̔̀ ̸̌̔̌̚ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌,̸̨̛̛̥̼̼̦̱̙̖̦̼̱̖̥̦̖̬̦̯̭̏̔̍̔̐̌̏̌̽́ ̨̛̪̼̹̖̦̖̥̏ ̨̨̨̛̭̖̥̣̖̦̦̭̯̏̔ ̛ ̴̨̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̬̦̖̥̏̌. ʥ̱̱̯̔ ̛̪̬̖̪̬̦̯̼̔́ ̛̭̣̖̱̺̖̔̀ ̸̨̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̪̖̬̖̭̣̖̦̦̼̖̖̭̪̬̣̦̥̪̬̖̖̜̭̯̔̽̏̏̽́̔̔̏́̚̚: (a) ˁ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̔̏ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚ ̵̨̨̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̏̏̀ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̵̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̱̺̐̀ ̡̭̯̬̱̯̱̬, ̸̵̡̨̨̯̬̼̌̔̌̌̚–̨̨̨̨̛̛̦̖̪̱̭̯̯̪̬̭̯̔̽̏̔̏̚,̨̛̥̪̬̯,̡̨̭̪̬̯̾,̨̛̛̛̪̬̙̱̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖̔̌ ̵̶̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̖̣̜̔̌̏̌̔̚,̵̶̨̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̪̬̼̯̼̭̖̬̙̺̥̭̦̖̬̭̥̔̌̏̌̌; (b) ˁ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̔̏ ̨̨̨̛̛̪̬̥̜̏̔̚ ̯̬̖̯̖̜̽ ̨̨̨̭̯̬̦̜ ̴̶̡̛̛̛̛̭̖̬̯̌ ̨̛̯̭̱̯̭̯̏́ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̨̛̣̖̦̜̔̍̌̏ ̏ ̨̨̦̜̏ ̸̡̨̡̨̨̣̬̭̦̜̌̌ ̶̨̡̛̛̪̬̱̔, ̏ ̨̨̨̛̭̖̦̦̭̯̍ ̏ ̵̭̯̬̦̌̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̥̱̯̐ ̡̛̭̯̣̯̭̌̏̌̽́ ̭ ̨̛̪̬̣̖̥̥̍̌ ̡̨̡̨̨̥̪̣̖̭̦̐ ̛̖̖̦̏̏̔́ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̛̭̭̯̖̥ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌́, ̵̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̌̌̏ ̦̌ ̨̛̦̖̪̱̺̖̦̖̔ ̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̌̚, ̨̛̥̪̬̯̌, ̡̨̭̪̬̯̾̌,̵̶̶̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̙̭̪̣̦̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̪̬̱̔̌̽̏̌́̔̌̏̌̔̚,̨̡̨̪̬̼̯̜ ̶̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̭̦̖̬̭̥̔̌̏̌̌; (c) ʦ̛̼̣̖̦̖́̏ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̌́ ̨̥̙̖̯ ̨̨̛̪̦̯̭̌̔̍̽́ ̡̛̥̖̣̥ ̛ ̛̭̬̖̦̥̔ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̥̏̔́̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̣̔́ ̨̨̯̐, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̨̨̛̦̖̬̥̔̐ ̨̨̬̥̍̌̚ ̛̛̥̖̦̯̽̚ ̨̭̭̯̌̏ ̸̡̨̡̨̨̣̬̭̦̜̌̌ ̶̨̡̛̛̪̬̱̔, ̸̨̯̼̍ ̦̖ ̨̛̪̱̭̯̯̔̽ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̽̏̌́̚ ̨̨̡̔̍̌̏, ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̔́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̛̭̦̖̔̌̚ ̵̨̛̥̖̦̥̌̏̚ ̨̪ ̨̛̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̔̌̏̀ ̛̥ ̨̪ ̥̖̬̖ ̵̴̶̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̖̥̭̯̯̜̦̬̥̍̔̌̌; (d) ʿ̵̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̯̬̭̪̬̭̯̬̦̖̦̖̦̭̯̬̱̯̦̼̥̯̖̬̣̯̥̔̐̏̌̌̌̏̌̌̏,̡̡̨̨̛̛̥̬̥̭̖̭̯̌̍̌̏̚ ̶̡̨̨̛̛̛̥̦̥̱̥̱̪̯̖̦̣̦̖̌̽ ̨̛̖̜̭̯̖̏̔̏̚ ̶̛̭̦̏̌ ̵̵̨̛̛̛̙̣̼̪̥̖̺̖̦̏́ ̛̦̖̙̣̏̽́, ̏ ̵̡̛̖̯̭̔ ̸̵̛̱̬̖̙̖̦̔́, ̵̡̨̹̣̌ ̛ ̵̛̬̱̔̐ ̵̨̛̭̯̬̖̦́, ̖̐̔ ̏ ̨̨̪̬̹̣̥ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̣̭̽̏̌̽̚ ̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̛̬̭̌, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌̀ ̨ ̵̛̦̣̖̙̺̌̔̌ ̶̵̨̪̬̖̱̬̔̌ ̨̪ ̵̡̨̨̛̛̛̪̖̬̖̬̹̦̪̖̬̦̭̯̌̏̌̀̏,̨̨̡̨̨̛̪̪̖̬̖̭̯̬̜̖̪̭̦̭̱; (e) ʿ̵̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̯̬̭̪̬̭̯̬̦̖̦̖̦̭̯̬̱̯̦̼̥̯̖̬̣̯̥̔̐̏̌̌̌̏̌̌̏,̡̡̨̨̛̛̥̬̥̭̖̭̯̌̍̌̏̚ ̶̶̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̥̦̥̱̥̱̖̜̭̯̖̭̦̦̣̏̔̏̏̌̌̚,̵̵̵̨̨̛̛̛̬̯̺̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̼̪̬̖̪̬̯̌̍̌̀̏̔́́, ̖̐̔ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̭̏̔́̚ ̛̛̣ ̨̛̭̪̣̱̖̯̭̽́̚ ̡̡̬̭̌̌, ̨̭̖̬̙̺̔̌̌́ ̨̣̖̦̦̼̖̔̍̌̏ ̨̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̔́ ̶̛̭̦̏̌; GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 12 (f) ˄̛̛̭̣̖̦̖ ̶̨̛̪̯̖̦̣̌̌ ̏ ̨̛̣̭̯̍̌ ̨̛̪̬̖̖̦̏̔́ ̨̡̛̪̬̖̬̏ ̡̨̛̬̏ ̦̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̛ ̶̨̛̪̯̖̦̣̌̌ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̐̌ ̨̛̪̦̬̾̔̌̔̌̚ ̣̔́ ̶̨̡̛̖̦ ̡̛̬̭̌ ̛̛̙̣̺ ̛ ̥̖̭̯ ̨̬̯̼̌̍, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̏ ̨̛̣̭̯̍̌ ̨̛̪̬̭̖̺̖̦̏́ ̨̨̛̺̖̭̯̖̦̦̭̯̍̏ ̛ ̴̵̨̨̛̪̬̖̭̭̦̣̦̼̌̽ ̡̨̬̱̐̏ ̨̪ ̨̨̪̬̭̱̏ ̨ ̶̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̜̭̯̭̦̼̥̯̬̣̖̦̥̏̔̏̏̏̌̏́. VII.ʺ ʽʻʰ˃ʽˀʰʻʧʰʽˉʫʻʶʤʥʰʯʻʫˁͲʿʸʤʻʤ 17. ʫ̨̨̙̖̦̐̔ ̸̨̛̬̖̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̼̐ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̥ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́ ̱̱̯̍̔ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̯̔̌̏́̽ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌̀ ̨̪ ̴̴̨̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̪̣̦̱̬̯̼̪̯̖̣̥̭̯̙̖̦̜̖̯̦̭̯̌̌̍̌̌́̔̾̏̚. 18. ʿ̶̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̯̖̣̖̦̦̖̭̌̌̍̚̚Ͳ̸̡̪̣̦̱̱̯̣̯̭̖̌̌̍̔̏̀̌̽̏̍́: (a) ʶ̸̨̨̛̣̖̭̯̭̯̬̦̏̌,̵̸̡̨̨̨̡̨̨̡̡̨̛̛̛̯̬̼̪̬̦̯̼̯̖̣̦̼̖̬̖̭̥̪̬̖̦̼̏́̍́̌̽̏̀̔́̔̌̚̚, ̨̭̼̏̔ ̛̪̬̣̌̏, ̭̯̦̬̯̼̌̔̌ ̛/̛̛̣ ̶̨̪̬̖̱̬̼̔ ̨̪ ̡̨̨̦̯̬̣̀ ̌̚ ̨̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̥̏̔̏̚, ̨̨̛̥̪̬̯̥, ̨̪̬̙̖̜̔̌ ̛ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖̥ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛̪̬ ̨̨̨̭̥̍ ̵̶̵̵̶̨̡̨̨̡̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̥̦̯̱̯̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̖̬̯̦̼̬̭̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̏̌̌̔̌̏̔̌̏̌̔̌̏̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̵̛̛̥̖̺̀ ̨̬̱̖̔̐ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̖ ̛ ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̣̖̖̍ ̨̭̖̏̐ ̨̪̖̬̯̔̏̐̌̀ ̖̯̖̜̔ ̶̨̛̛̖̜̭̯̭̦̏̔̏̀̏̌̚; ˉ̛̖̣: 2013̨̐̔ 30̭̯̬̦̌ 2015̨̐̔ 70̨̛̛̣̣̖̖̭̯̬̦̍̌ 2020̨̐̔ ʦ̭̖̭̯̬̦̼̌ (b) ʶ̸̨̨̛̣̖̭̯̏ ̵̨̨̛̛̪̬̺̏̔́̚ ̡̡̬̭̱̌ ̡̨̛̥̪̦̜̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̛̛̣̌́̏̚ ̨ ̨̭̖̜̏ ̨̛̛̪̬̖̬̙̖̦̦̭̯̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̛ ̨̡̛̯̣̭̌̌̽̚ ̨̯ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̽̏̌́̚ ̶̵̵̵̨̨̡̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̭̖̦̖̦̜̭̦̭̖̖̬̯̦̼̬̭̔̏̌̏̏̔̌̏̌̌,̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̯̬̼̖̦̪̬̯̏̔́̚; ˉ̛̖̣: 2013̨̐̔ 5 ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̸̨̛̪̱̣̦̍ ̵̛̛̹̌́̏̏̚ ̨ ̨̭̖̜̏ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̖̬̙̖̦̦̭̯̬̯̖̏̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ 2015̨̐̔ 50 ̵̡̬̱̪̦̼ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̖̜̏̔̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̡̛̯̣̭̌̌̽̚ ̨̯ ̶̨̨̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̪̣̦̭̭̖̦̖̦̥̭̦̽̏̌́̔̍̌̏̔́̏̌̚ 2020̨̐̔ ʦ̭̖ ̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̏̔̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̨̡̛̯̣̭̌̌̽̚ ̨̯ ̨̨̛̛̭̪̣̦̽̏̌́̚ ̵̶̵̵̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̪̬̬̯̖̯̦̼̣̭̯̔̌̏̔̍̌̏̏̍̌́ (c) ʶ̸̨̨̛̣̖̭̯̏ ̭̯̬̦̌, ̵̨̨̛̪̬̺̏̔́ ̶̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̖̌̌̽ ̡̛̛̥̪̦̌̌ ̴̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̏̌ ̵̶̨̨̨̡̨̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̯̦̭̯̖̣̦̬̭̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭̽̏̔̌̏̌. ˉ̛̖̣: 2013̨̐̔ 5 ̭̯̬̦̌, ̶̴̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̖̪̬̯̭̦̦̣̦̼̖̦̦̬̥̬̦̐̔̏̔́́̌̌̽̔̏̌́ ̴̶̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̭̯̪̬̣̯̯̬̣̖̦̭̦̥̪̬̭̥̏̍̌̌̌̏́̏̍ 13 ̛̛̛̦̥̦̏̌ ̡̛̬̭̥̌, ̭̦̦̼̥̏́̌̚ ̭ ̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̛̬̭̥̌̌ 2015̨̐̔ 10̭̯̬̦̌,̶̴̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̖̪̬̯̭̦̦̣̦̼̖̦̦̬̥̬̦̐̔̏̔́́̌̌̽̔̏̌́ ̴̶̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̭̯̪̬̣̯̯̬̣̖̦̭̦̥̪̬̭̥̏̍̌̌̌̏́̏̍ ̛̛̛̦̥̦̏̌ ̡̛̬̭̥̌, ̭̦̦̼̥̏́̌̚ ̭ ̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̛̬̭̥̌̌ 2020̨̐̔ 40̭̯̬̦̌,̶̴̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̖̪̬̯̭̦̦̣̦̼̖̦̦̬̥̬̦̐̔̏̔́́̌̌̽̔̏̌́ ̴̶̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̭̯̪̬̣̯̯̬̣̖̦̭̦̥̪̬̭̥̏̍̌̌̌̏́̏̍ ̛̛̛̦̥̦̏̌ ̡̛̬̭̥̌, ̭̦̦̼̥̏́̌̚ ̭ ̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̛̬̭̥̌̌ (d) ʶ̸̨̨̨̨̛̣̖̭̯̭̯̬̦̏,̸̵̨̛̱̭̯̱̺̬̯̖̌̏̀̏̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̪̯̱̯̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̌̚ ̵̶̨̡̨̡̛̛̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̖̬̙̺̭̦̖̬̭́̔̌̏̌. ˉ̛̖̣: 2013̨̐̔ 30 ̨̨̭̯̬̦ (̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏ ̛ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚), ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ 2015̨̐̔ 50 ̨̨̭̯̬̦ (̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏ ̛ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚), ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ 2020̨̐̔ 70 ̨̨̭̯̬̦ (̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏ ̛ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚), ̸̵̛̱̭̯̱̺̌̏̀ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ 19. ˓ʻʫʿ ̛ ʦʽʯ ̱̱̯̍̔ ̸̨̡̛̛̛̪̖̬̖̭̔ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̯̔̌̏́̽ ̨̡̣̼̔̌̔ ̨̍ ̨̺̖̥̍ ̵̨̖̔ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ̨̪ ̨̨̡̛̼̪̣̦̖̦̪̯̖̣̖̜̏̀̌̌̚ ̴̴̡̨̛̛̖̯̦̭̯̾̏ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̪̣̦̌̌, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̨̡̣̼̦̔̌̔̌ ̨̛̬̭̭̥̯̬̖̦̖̌ ̛̭̖̭̭̜ ʺ̨̨̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̔̌̔ ̴̶̡̨̛̛̦̖̬̖̦ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏, ̏ ̵̡̬̥̌̌ ̥̦̯̌̔̌̌ ̡̨̨̨̯̬̜ ̵̨̔ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ̨̪ ̨̦̦̜̔̌ ̛̯̖̥̖̖̬̙̯̭̔́ ̨̪̔ ̡̨̨̦̯̬̣̖̥ ̏ ̸̡̖̭̯̖̌̏ ̡̨̛̯̦̌̏ ̴̨̨̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̬̥̬̱̺̖̭̪̬̭̪̣̯̀̐́̏̌. GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 14 VIII.ˋʸʫʻˁʶʰʱˁʽˁ˃ʤʦʧʸʽʥʤʸːʻʽʧʽʤʸː˔ʻˁʤ 20. ʥ̛̦̖̭̚Ͳ̵̨̨̪̔̔ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̸̡̡̛̛̛̬̯̖̭̥ ̨̨̬̥̍̌̚ ̛̛̭̯̌̏̚ ̨̯ ̵̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̌̏̌̚ ̸̡̨̛̱̭̯̦̌̏,̵̨̨̨̛̛̭̯̦̺̭̭̯̬̦̥̌̏́́̌ʤ̵̨̨̛̛̛̛̣̦̭̪̬̦̹̦̭̖̯̖̣̭̯̦̥̯̭̽́̌́̏̌̍́̍́̌̽̏̌̌̽́̚̚ ̡̡̛̬̭̥̌̌, ̨̛̛̭̖̬̙̺̥̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏. ʶ ̸̛̭̣̱ ̵̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̼̌̏̌̚ ̸̡̨̛̱̭̯̦̌̏ ̨̥̱̯̐ ̨̨̛̯̦̭̯̭̽́: ̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏̌ (̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̛̛̥̦̭̯̖̬̭̯̏̌ ̨̡̬̱̙̺̖̜̌̀ ̭̬̖̼̔, ̵̨̨̛̬̬̦̖̦̔̌̏̌́̚, ̨̨̛̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯ ̛ ̯̬̱̔̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̶̨̛̛̛̭̪̖̣̬̦̦̼̖̌̏̌̚ ̸̛̱̬̖̙̖̦̔́), ̛̥̖̙̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̖̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚ ̛ ̛̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̖̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̡̨̬̙̦̭̖̐̌̔̌ ̨̨̺̖̭̯̍̏, ̨̛̬̖̦̣̦̼̖̐̌̽ ̨̬̦̼̐̌, ̨̨̛̣̯̬̯̖̣̦̼̖̍̌̐̏̽ ̛ ̸̡̡̛̛̖̥̖̭̖̌̌̔ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚, ̭̬̖̭̯̔̏̌ ̨̨̥̭̭̜̌̏ ̴̶̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̌ ̛ ̸̭̯̦̼̜̌ ̡̨̭̖̯̬. ʦ ̨̭̭̯̌̏ ̸̨̨̭̯̦̌̐ ̡̨̭̖̯̬̌ ̵̨̯̏̔́ ̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̏̔̚ ̨̛̪̥̖̦̯̐̏, ̸̨̡̛̛̬̬̯̌̌̍̚ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̸̨̛̬̦̦̌́̚ ̨̨̯̬̣̐̏́, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̶̶̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̖̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̼̖̭̭̪̬̖̪̬̯̥̖̣̭̬̖̦̖̥̭̹̯̏̏̀̌̌̔́́̐̔̐̌̌̍̏. 21. ˋ̣̖̦̼ʧ̨̨̨̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̥̖̦̱̯̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̀́“̨̨̛̭̯̬̦̥̌”. ʦ̭̖ ̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̛̭̯̬̦̼̯̬̼̯̣̌́̏̚ ̨̭̖̜̏ ̨̡̪̖̬̙̖̔̔ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̭̯̙̖̦̔̀ ̶̖̣̖̜ ̛ ̸̌̔̌̚ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌, ̛ ̨̡̛̭̪̭ ̵̛ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̦̖̔̌̏̌̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̖̌ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌.ʶ̸̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̭̣̱̭̯̬̦̥̱̯̯̦̭̯̭̐̽́: (a) ʿ̶̵̨̛̛̛̛̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̦̦̣̦̼̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̔̌̏̌̌̽̌̏̽̏,̸̵̡̛̣̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̯̖̭̯̬̦̏̀̌́̌̏̽̏̌̌,̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̱̙̖ ̨̛̛̣̭̔̍̽ ̨̨̨̪̭̯̖̪̖̦̦̐ ̨̡̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦́ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌ ̛ ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̙̖̣̯̌̀ ̨̛̪̖̣̯̭̔̽́ ̨̨̪̼̯̥ ̛ ̨̡̯̌̌̽̚ ̨̨̪̥̺̽ ̛̬̱̥̔̐ ̛̙̖̣̺̥̌̀ ̨̛̪̭̯̱̪̯̽ ̡̯̌ ̙̖, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̛̛̪̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̔̌̏ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏, ̖̐̔ ̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̖̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̡̨̛̬̭̪̌Ͳ̛̪̬̖̙̦̖̥̱̬̖̣̱̯̭̌̀́̚; (b) ʿ̛̛̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̔̌̏ ̵̨̨̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̏̏̀ ̵̛̥̖̙̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚, ̵̡̛̯̌ ̡̡̌ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚Ͳ̸̡̛̛̱̭̯̦̌ ʺ̶̨̨̨̛̛̖̙̬̦̦̦̜̐̌̌̚ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̼̐̌ ̶̨̨̨̛̬̦̣̦̌̌̽̐ ̵̸̵̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̥̖̭̖̺̖̭̯̐̏̌́̏̏(ʺʿˀˀˈʦ); (c) ʿ̛̛̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̔̌̏ ̨̨̛̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯, ̨̨̛̛̪̬̺̖̏̔́̚ ̡̡̛̬̭̌ ̛ ̨̡̛̪̬̼̯́, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̼̖̔̌̔ ̛ ̶̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̖̌̌̽ ̡̨̛̛̥̪̦̌, ̨̨̛̛̪̬̺̖̏̔́̚ ̛/̛̛̣ ̛̬̬̯̼̺̖̌̌̍̌̏̌̀̚ ̸̶̡̨̡̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̣̬̭̦̼̖̪̬̼̯̯̬̼̖̪̭̯̣̯̭̖̦̖̦̭̦̣̭̪̣̦̌̌́̌̏́̀̔́̏̌̔́̽̏̌́̚ ̵̡̡̬̭̏̌̌; (d) ʺ̶̶̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̖̙̱̦̬̦̼̖̦̦̣̦̼̖̬̦̔̌̔̌̌̽̐̌̌̚,̶̨̛̛̛̛̦̥̺̖̭̥̖̦̜̌̌̀́̔̚,̛̛̙̣̺̦̼̥ ̵̵̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̜̭̯̥̺̖̭̯̖̦̦̼̥̬̬̦̖̦̖̥́̏̍̏̔̌̏̌̚̚; (e) ʤ̸̡̡̡̛̛̛̖̥̖̭̖̬̱̌̔̐,̵̵̵̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̥̖̺̖̪̼̯̦̖̥̼̣̭̯̀̏̍̔̍̌́; (f) ʿ̛̛̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̔̌̏ ̵̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̼̔̌̔ ̛ ̶̵̨̛̦̦̣̦̼̌̌̽ ̵̛̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚, ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̨̬̯̯̌̍̌̀ ̏ ̨̛̣̭̯̍̌ ̛̛̖̦̼̐̐ ̨̡̬̱̙̺̖̜̌̀ ̭̬̖̼̔ ̛ ̡̨̨̯̬̼̖ ̛̥̖̯̀ ̨̪̼̯ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ̭ ̛̦̭̖̣̖̦̖̥̌ ̛ ̏ ̨̛̛̪̬̖̖̦̏̔ ̡̛̥̪̦̜̌̌ ̨̪ ̨̛̪̼̹̖̦̏̀ ̴̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̏̌ ̛̛̣ ̏ ̨̛̛̼̪̣̦̖̦̏ ̴̸̵̨̡̡̛̛̛̪̬̣̯̖̭̌ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̦̐̌̌ ̡̨̨̛̛̥̥̱̦̣̦̥̣̌̽ ̶̨̨̛̦̦̣̦̥̌̌̽ ̵̨̱̬̦̏́;̛ 15 (g) ʿ̴̨̨̨̬̭̼̦̥̖̭̯̦̥̀̌̚,̶̵̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̦̦̣̦̥̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̥̱̬̦̌̌̽̔̌̔̏́. 22. ˄̸̛̭̯̖̌ ̨̨̭̯̬̦ ̨̥̙̖̯ ̼̬̙̯̭̏̌̌̽́ ̏ ̨̦̯̱̬̣̦̜̌̌̽ ̴̨̬̥̖ ̛/̛̛̣ ̏ ̴̨̬̥̖ ̨̛̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̔̌̏́ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̦̖̭ ̛̦̦̜̌̚ ̛̛̣ ̏ ̴̴̨̨̨̛̬̥̖̦̦̭̜̌̏ ̨̡̛̪̖̬̙̔̔ ̏ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌. ʦ ʪ̨̛̛̣̖̦̍̌̏ 1 ̛̪̬̖̖̦̏̔̌ ̨̨̛̪̣̦̯̖̣̦̔̽̌́ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌́ ̛ ̛̪̬̥̖̬ ̛̪̭̥̽̌ ̣̔́ ̨̛̪̣̦̖̦̌́̚ ̶̵̸̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̬̦̥̣̬̖̭̯̬̱̭̯̬̯̖̌̔́̐̌̌́̏̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌. IX. ˁ˃ˀ˄ʶ˃˄ˀʤʧʸʽʥʤʸːʻʽʧʽʤʸː˔ʻˁʤ 23. ʧ̨̣̣̦̼̜̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̌̽́ ̦̖ ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̶̨̨̨̛̛̬̦̦̦̜̐̌̌̚ ̶̛̛̖̦̖̜̔, ̌ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̯̔̌̏́ ̨̨̭̜̍ ̶̸̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̦̯̱̪̭̯̬̱̦̖̭̯̱̌̏̔̏.ʦ ̛̛̭̭̯̥̏́̾̚,˓ʻʫʿ̛ʦʽʯ̶̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̪̯̣̬̦̦̦̱̔̐̏̐̌̌̀̚ ̵̨̨̡̨̛̛̭̖̥̱̭̪̭̦̖̥̪̬̬̯̼̌́̔̌̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌,̸̨̛̯̥̭̣̖̏,̨̡̨̨̛̬̣̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̜̽̽̌̏ ̬̱̪̪̼̐, ̛̪̯́ ̸̵̨̛̬̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̨̪ ̸̡̛̛̯̖̥̯̖̭̥̌ ̨̣̭̯̥̍̌́ ̨̛̛̪̬̬̯̖̯̌ ̛ ̭ ̨̛̛̣̙̖̦̖̥̚ ̵̶̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̬̱̺̪̬̦̪̥̖̜̭̯̭̺̖̭̯̖̦̦̭̯̏̔́̏̏̌̔̏́̍̏̽̀̚,̨̨̨̨̛̛̪̬̦̦̭̯̖̜̭̯̬̦̌̏̍́̌̚ ̶̴̵̡̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̦̭̯̬̱̪̦̦̭̼̪̬̭̥̌̏̏̌. ˀ̨̡̛̭̱̦2: ˁ̸̵̸̵̡̡̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̯̬̱̯̱̬̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̜̬̱̪̪̼̯̖̥̯̖̭̬̬̱̪̪̌̽̌̏̐̌̌̍̐ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌ 24. ʧ̨̣̣̦̼̜̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̌̽́ ̖̜̭̯̱̖̯̔̏ ̏ ̨̡̪̬̖́̔ ̨̨̨̭̥̖̭̯̦̏̐ ̨̡̪̬̖̯̌, ̨̨̨̭̱̺̖̭̯̣̖̥̏́̐ ̨̨̭̣̭̦̐̌ ̨̨̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̥̏̏̀ ̥̦̯̥̌̔̌̌ ̛ ̨̪̬̬̥̥̥̐̌̌ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ˓ʻʫʿ ̛ ʦʽʯ. ʥ̼̣ ̨̭̦̔̌̚ ̶̨̛̛̛̭̪̖̣̬̦̦̼̜̌̏̌̚ ̖̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̌, ̦̌ ̡̨̨̨̯̬̥ ̨̼̣̙̖̦̏̌ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̌́ ̨ ʧ̨̨̣̣̦̥̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̖̌̽́. ʶ̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̽̌ ̦̬̱̪̪̏̌́̐̌ GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 16 ˑ̨̯̯ ̖̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̌ ̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̸̭̯̌̽̀ ̖̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̌̌ ˓ʻʫʿ ̨̪ ̵̸̡̛̛̛̥̖̭̥ ̖̺̖̭̯̥̏̏̌ ̛ ̵̨̛̦̯̭̌̔́ ̨̪ ̬̖̭̱̌̔: http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Home/tabid/197/hazardoussubstances/LeadCadmi um/PrioritiesforAction/GAELP/tabid/6176/Default.aspx 17 X. ʽʥˍʰʫʿʽʸʽʮʫʻʰ˔ 25. ʶ̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̬̱̪̪̽̌̏̌́̐̌ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌,̨̨̨̭̼̖̥̭̥̖̭̯̦̏̌̌́̏̚˓ʻʫʿ̛ʦʽʯ,̣̖̯̭́̏́́ ̙̦̼̥̏̌ ̵̨̛̥̖̦̥̥̌̚ ̨̛̭̱̙̖̦̍̔́ ̨̨̨̪̬̭̏̏, ̵̛̛̥̖̺̀ ̨̨̛̯̦̹̖̦̖ ̡ ̸̛̬̣̦̼̥̌̚ ̸̡̛̛̯̖̥̯̖̭̥̌ ̸̨̛̬̥̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̥̐̌. ʧ̬̱̪̪̌ ̛̛̦̣̬̱̖̯̌̌̚ ̛ ̨̛̯̭̣̖̙̖̯̏̌ ̵̨̔ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ̨̪ ̨̛̛̥̖̬̪̬̯̥́́, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̛̦̥̖̯̭̌̌́̚ ̨̨̨̡̨̪̯̜̔̐̏ ̨̛̥̯̖̬̣̌̌̏ ̣̔́ ̴̶̵̨̛̛̣̦̼̌̽ ̨̡̨̣̔̌̔̏, ̡̨̨̨̨̯̬̼̖̯̯̐̏́˓ʻʫʿ̛ʦʽʯ̨̨̬̯̖̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌.ˁ2011 ̐.̖̜̭̯̱̖̯̬̖̥̖̦̦̔̏̏̌́ ̡̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̽̌̏̌́ ̬̱̪̪̐̌. ˑ̯̌ ̬̖̥̖̦̦̏̌́ ̡̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̽̌̏̌́ ̬̱̪̪̐̌ ̨̛̣̙̣̌̌̚ ̨̨̭̦̼̏ ̵̨̛̪̖̬̯̦̼̌̏ ̨̡̬̥̌ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̨̨̦̭̯̺̖̌́̐ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̪̣̦̌̌, ̨̛̛̻̖̦̍̔̏ ̛ ̸̸̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̛̬̭̭̯̪̬̖̖̬̖̦̭̯̭̭̯̦̼̖̣̖̥̖̦̯̼̪̣̦̬̯̼̙̜̯̖̥̯̖̭̜̌̌̏̏̏́̔̔̌̏̾̌̏̌̍̌̔̌ ̸̨̬̖̜̬̱̪̪̼̌̍̐. 26. ˀ̡̨̨̱̭̯̱̭̏̔̏́̽ ̶̡̨̛̛̬̖̥̖̦̥̔̌́ ̨̬̖̥̖̦̦̜̏ ̡̨̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̜̽̌̏ ̬̱̪̪̼̐, ̪̯́̽ ̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̥̯̖̭̌ ̸̵̨̛̬̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̨̪ ̡̨̛̥̖̔Ͳ̛̭̦̯̬̦̼̥̌̌ ̡̭̪̖̯̥̌̌, ̸̡̨̨̡̛̛̣̖̭̥̾̐ ̡̭̪̖̯̥̌̌, ̨̨̬̔̏̽̀̚ ̵̨̛̬̯̺̌̍̌̀, ̡̨̨̦̯̖̣̭̯̱̌̔̌̽̏̚ ̛ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀, ̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̡̨̡̦̯̯̥̌̌ ̭ ̨̨̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̽̀, ̖̱̯̏̔ ̨̪̭̖̦̖̦̱̏̔̏̀ ̨̬̯̱̌̍ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌. ˑ̛̯ ̬̱̪̪̼̐ ̨̭̼̯̭̏̌̀́̚ ̏ ̸̭̣̱̖̌ ̵̨̨̨̛̛̦̖̥̭̯̍̔ ̨̛̣̍ ʦʽʯ, ̨̛̣̍ ˓ʻʫʿ. ˀ̸̨̛̖̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̼̐, ̵̨̛̭̔́ ̛̚ ̵̨̨̨̛̛̦̖̥̭̯̍̔, ̸̨̨̨̛̛̛̦̥̯̭̦̖̪̭̬̖̭̯̖̦̦̼̥̪̬̣̖̖̦̖̥̭̯̬̦̌̌̀́̔̏̏̚ʧ̨̨̨̡̨̨̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̭̖̜̬̯̖̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̏̌̍ ̨̨̨̨̨̯̯̪̬̦̼̖̪̣̦̼̬̯̼̭̐̏́̔̍̌̌̍ʦʽʯ̛/̛̛̣˓ʻʫʿ. 27. ʦ̵̨̨̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̭̭̯̬̖̥̖̦̦̜̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̜̬̱̪̪̼̯̪̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̏̽̌̏̐̏̔́̔̌̏̌̏̽̏ʻ̛̛̛̛̖̬̐ ˁ̵̨̛̖̦̖̦̦̼̔ ˌ̨̯̯̌̏ ʤ̡̛̛̥̖̬ ̛ ̵̛̭̣̖̱̺̔̀ ̵̛̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚: ʺ̨̨̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̔̌̔ ̶̶̨̛̛̛̭̭̌̌ ̨̛̪̖̯̬̔̌̏, ʺ̨̨̨̖̙̱̦̬̦̔̌̔̐ ̨̭̖̯̏̌ ̨̪ ̡̡̬̭̥̌̌ ̛ ̴̸̨̡̡̛̛̛̛̪̣̬̖̭̥̬̭̯̖̣̥̐̌̌́,ʺ̶̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̖̙̱̦̬̦̜̭̖̯̪̣̔̌̔̏̔̌ˁʽʯ,OKInternational,̛, ̡̨̨̨̬̥̖̯̐,̡̛̛̛̭̪̖̬̯̼̱̦̖̬̭̯̖̯̹̯̯̾̏̌̌̌̚ˉ̶̛̛̛̛̛̛̦̦̦̯̱̦̖̬̭̯̖̯̹̯̯̌̏̌̌̌ʰ̨̛̛̣̣̦̜̭̪̬ ˌ̵̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̣̖̺̖̭̯̖̦̦̬̬̦̖̦̍̏̐̔̌̏̌́̏̚ˋ̡̨̛̌̐. 28. ʧ̴̨̨̨̣̣̦̼̜̬̱̥̱̖̯̭̼̯̭̍̌̽̍̔̏̌̽́̚˓ʻʫʿ̛ʦʽʯ,̨̡̪̬̜̦̖̜̥̖̬̖̌,̨̨̛̦̬̔̌̏̔̏̌̐̔̌̚.ʽ̦ ̴̶̵̨̨̡̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̛̪̭̣̱̙̯̪̣̺̜̥̖̦̦̬̥̖̜̯̦̹̖̦̱̭̪̖̌̔̍̌̌̏̏,̵̨̛̭̯̦̱̯̼̔̐ʧ̨̣̣̦̼̥̍̌̽ ̨̣̦̭̥̌̽́, ̏ ̵̨̖̔ ̴̨̬̱̥̌ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̔̌̏̌ ̛ ̨̨̛̛̪̬̦̣̬̦̌̌̏̌̌̚ ̨̬̯̌̍̌ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌, ̛ ̨̨̛̪̬̜̖̯̔̚ ̨̥̖̦̍ ̴̶̨̛̛̦̬̥̖̜̌ ̛ ̨̨̪̼̯̥ ̥̖̙̱̔ ̨̨̛̭̯̬̦̥̌, ̸̨̯ ̭̼̬̖̯̐̌ ̸̡̡̛̛̯̣̯̖̭̱̌̌̀ ̨̬̣̽ ̣̔́ ̵̛̣̦̖̜̹̔̌̽ ̛̖̜̭̯̜̔̏. ʦ ̨̨̣̣̦̥̐̍̌̽ ̴̨̬̱̥̖ ̛̛̣ ̨̛̛̭̖̺̦̏̌ ̛̪̬̥̱̯ ̸̛̱̭̯̖̌ ̛̛̪̬̖̭̯̯̖̣̔̌̏ ̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏, ̵̛̥̖̙̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̌̏̽̏ ̶̨̛̛̬̦̜̐̌̌̚ ̛ ̵̶̨̛̛̛̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̬̦̜̌̏̽̏̐̌̌̚.ʦ̸̡̨̨̡̛̛̦̖̥̯̙̖̭̥̱̯̪̬̦̯̱̭̯̖̯̖̣̦̼̖̭̪̖̬̯̼̌̐́̽̌̔̽̾, ̸̨̛̱̭̯̱̺̖̬̯̖̌̏̀̏̌̍ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌.ʦ̴̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̭̖̭̯̬̦̼̱̱̯̦̬̥̬̯̭̬̖̥̖̦̍̔̏̌̽́̏ ̨̨̛̛̛̥̖̭̯̖̪̬̖̖̦̭̖̺̦̜̏̔́̏̌ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌. GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 18 29. ˁ̨̡̛̛̯̬̱̦̔ ˓ʻʫʿ ̛ ʦʽʯ ̨̨̭̥̖̭̯̦̏ ̸̨̖̭̪̖̯̍̌ ̶̨̨̛̛̬̦̦̦̱̐̌̌̀̚ ̨̡̪̖̬̙̱̔̔ ̡̛̭̖̬̖̯̬̯̌̌̌ ʧ̨̨̣̣̦̥̱̍̌̽ ̣̦̭̱̌̽́, ̨̖̐ ̡̨̨̛̦̭̱̣̯̯̦̜̽̌̏ ̬̱̪̪̖̐ ̛ ̨̬̯̖̌̍ ̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̥̯̖̭̌ ̸̵̨̛̬̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̏ ̵̶̨̨̨̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̖̯̭̯̭̭̯̖̯̭̯̱̺̥̥̦̯̥̬̦̦̦̼̥̭̯̬̱̯̱̬̥̏̏̏̏̀̌̔̌̌̐̌̌̌̚.ʦ̸̭̣̱̖̌ ̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̥̯̖̭̌ ̸̵̨̛̬̌̍ ̬̱̪̪̐ ̨̪ ̡̭̪̖̯̥̌̌ ̵̨̨̛̬̬̦̖̦̔̌̏̌́̚ ̛ ̨̨̬̔̏̽́̚ ̸̵̨̛̬̌̍ ̯̱̾ ̨̡̪̖̬̙̱̔̔ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̨̡̼̯̌̏̌̽̚ ʦʽʯ, ̌ ̏ ̸̭̣̱̖̌ ̸̵̡̨̨̡̛̛̣̖̭̾̐ ̡̨̭̪̖̯̌̏, ̡̨̡̨̦̯̯̌̏ ̭ ̨̨̪̬̥̼̹̣̖̦̦̭̯̽̀ ̛ ̡̨̨̦̯̖̣̭̯̌̔̌̽̏̌̚ ̛ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌́ ̯̱̾ ̨̬̯̱̌̍ ̱̖̯̍̔ ̨̛̪̖̬̙̯̔̔̏̌̽ ˓ʻʫʿ. XI. ˇʰʻʤʻˁʽʦˏʫʤˁʿʫʶ˃ˏ 30. ˁ̨̨̯̬̦̼ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̨̯̖̯̭̯̖̦̦̼̏̏ ̌̚ ̴̨̛̛̛̦̦̭̬̦̖̌̏̌ ̨̛̛̥̖̬̪̬̯̜́ ʤ̣̦̭̽́̌. ʽ̯ ̵̛̦ ̨̛̙̖̯̭̔̌́ ̨̨̪̥̺̽ ̏ ̛̛̼̣̖̦̏́̏ ̶̵̨̛̪̯̖̦̣̦̼̌̽ ̨̨̨̦̬̔̏, ̵̨̛̪̬̣̺́̏́̀ ̨̨̛̦̯̖̬̖̭̦̦̭̯̌̏̌̽̚ ̏ ̨̛̛̪̬̖̭̯̣̖̦̔̌̏ ̨̬̖̭̱̬̭̏ ̨̪ ̛̬̱̥̔̐ ̬̖̣̥̌̔̌̚ ̛̦̖̭̍̚Ͳ̪̣̦̌̌ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌. 31. ˓ʻʫʿ̛ʦʽʯ̨̨̡̨̛̱̱̯̪̬̖̭̯̣̯̭̬̖̭̯̪̖̬̙̱̖̯̖̣̦̭̯̍̔̔̌̏́̽̔̏̌̏̔̔̔́̽ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌, ̨̨̨̭̯̖̯̭̯̖̦̦̏̏ ̸̛̛̦̣̌̀ ̴̨̨̦̔̏, ̵̨̛̬̱̺̭̍̌̀́̚ ̏ ̬̖̱̣̯̯̖̽̌̚ ̵̛ ̵̨̭̭̯̖̦̦̼̍̏ ̛̛̱̭̣̜ ̨̪ ̨̭̬̱̭̬̖̭̯̍̔̏.ʿ̨̬̖̪̣̖̯̭̔̌̐̌́,̸̶̨̨̡̡̨̨̨̛̛̛̯̯̭̬̖̭̯̱̱̯̪̬̼̯̬̼̖̪̖̬̦̦̼̖̾̔̏̌̍̔̏̌̽̌̔̏̌ ̵̨̬̭̼̌̔,̸̡̡̨̡̨̛̣̦̯̬̯̦̼̖̭̣̹̖̦̏̀̌́̌̐̌́,̶̡̨̡̨̡̨̡̨̛̛̛̛̛̥̥̱̦̦̦̼̖̦̯̯̦̼̖̥̖̬̪̬̯̌̌́́, ̸̡̣̏̀̌́ ̴̶̨̨̛̛̦̬̥̦̦̼̖̌ ̨̡̱̥̖̦̯̼̔, ̛̣̣̖̯̖̦̍̀, ̵̨̬̭̼̌̔ ̨̪ ̨̛̭̖̬̙̦̔̌̀ ̶̨̨̨̛̛̛̭̪̖̣̬̦̦̌̏̌̐̚ ̖̏̍Ͳ̭̜̯̌̌ ̛ ̨̛̪̬̖̖̦̖̏̔ ̨̨̨̦̔̐ ̨̛̭̖̺̦̏̌́ ̴̨̬̱̥̌ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌,̨̡̪̬̜̦̖̜̥̖̬̖̌,̸̵̵̵̸̵̡̛̛̯̖̖̦̖̙̼̱̣̖̯̯̖̭̣̱̏̌̔̔̏̏̌́, ̡̨̨̨̨̨̯̥̙̦̐̔̌̾̏̚, ̨̡̛̦̖̌̌̚ ̨̡̛̪̖̬̙̔̔ ̸̛̱̭̯̌̀ ̵̛̛̬̺̭̌̏̏̌̀́̚ ̭̯̬̦̌ ̛ ̭̯̬̦̌ ̭ ̵̨̨̪̖̬̖̦̜̔ ̡̨̨̡̨̛̦̥̜̾. ʦ 2012 ̐. ̣̔́ ̸̨̛̖̭̪̖̖̦̍́ ̨̬̯̼̌̍ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̨̖̍ ̶̨̛̛̛̬̦̐̌̌̚ ̨̨̭̥̖̭̯̦̏ ̸̨̨̡̨̛̛̛̪̣̣̺̜̬̼̜̬̖̭̱̬̭̌̏̌̍̌̔̏,̨̛̭̭̯̣̺̜̌̏́̀0,8̸̨̡̨̖̣̖̏Ͳ̣̖̯. 32. ʦ 2010Ͳ2012 ̐̐. ̨̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̌̏̽̏ ˁ̵̨̛̖̦̖̦̦̼̔ ˌ̨̯̯̌̏ ̨̡̨̣̌̌̚ ̴̨̛̦̦̭̱̌̏̀ ̨̡̪̖̬̙̱̔̔ ̦̌ ̸̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̪̬̖̖̦̖̪̖̬̦̣̦̪̖̬̯̦̭̖̺̦̏̔̏̌̌̽̐̌̏̐̏̌́ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̣̦̭̥̖̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̏̌2010̐.,̌ ̡̯̙̖̌ ̦̌ ̨̛̪̬̖̖̦̖̏̔ ̨̨̨̯̬̏̐ ̨̛̭̖̺̦̏̌́ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̏ ̛̣̖̀ 2012 ̨̐̔̌. ʻ̌ ̸̨̨̪̖̬̦̣̦̥̏̌̌̽,̵̨̨̨̨̛̯̪̬̦̥̯̪̖̪̖̬̯̦̼̖̬̭̼̌̏̾̌̌̏̌̔ʧ̸̨̨̨̨̛̛̣̣̦̣̦̭̪̣̣̭̍̌̽̐̌̽́̌̌̏̌̽ ̛̛̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̥̌̏̽̏̌ʧ̛̛̖̬̥̦̌,ʻ̨̛̛̛̬̖̏̐ˌ̶̛̛̖̏. 33. ʿ̨̨̬̬̥̥̜̐̌ ʽ̨̨̛̪̖̬̯̦̌̏̐ ̭̯̬̯̌̌ ˁ̸̡̨̨̛̯̬̯̖̖̭̌̐̐ ̵̨̨̪̔̔̌ ̡ ̨̨̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̥̱̔̌̔ ̶̨̨̛̬̦̣̦̥̱̌̌̽ ̨̛̛̬̖̱̣̬̦̐̏̌̀ ̵̸̵̡̛̛̛̥̖̭ ̖̺̖̭̯̏̏ (ˁʿʺˀˈʦ) ̼̣̍̌ ̨̡̦̌̌̌̚ ̨̨̭̍̌́ ̨̡̨̡̨̨̛̪̬̖̯̦̪̖̬̙̦̖̪̬̯̖̣̭̯̖̦̦̼̥̭̯̬̦̥̌́̔̔̌̌̏̽̏̌̏ʻ̛̖̪̣̖̌ʶ̨̛̛̥̖̬̱̦̖̦̥̖̬̪̬̯̌̌́́, 19 ̴̨̨̨̨̛̛̛̛̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̖̦̪̼̹̖̦̖̦̬̥̬̦̦̭̯̌̌̏̌̏̏̌.ʿ̨̬̬̥̥̐̌̌ʫ̨̡̨̨̨̬̪̖̜̭̭̏̐̀̌̚SWITCH ̣̔́ ʤ̛̛̚ ̨̡̣̌̌̌̚ ̨̨̪̥̺̽ ̏ ̡̨̡̦̯̖̭̯̖ ̸̨̨̨̛̱̭̯̜̏̐ ̨̨̛̪̬̭̯̏̔̏̌̚ ̛ ̨̛̪̯̬̖̣̖̦̍́ ̏ ̛̭̖̥ ̵̭̯̬̦̌̌ ʤ̛̛̚. ʦ ̵̡̬̥̌̌ ̨̨̪̯́̐ ̨̨̛̪̪̣̦̖̦́ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̸̡̨̨̡̨̨̛̣̖̭̾̐̐ ̴̨̦̔̌ ̨̡̪̬̖̯̼, ̦̪̬̣̖̦̦̼̖̌̌̏ ̦̌ ̨̡̯̌̚ ̨̯ ̵̨̛̭̖̬̙̺̔̌ ̶̛̭̦̖̏ ̡̨̡̬̭̌, ̸̡̣̖̦̼̏̀ ̏ ̵̸̡̛̛̥̖̭̱̀ ̛̭̯̬̯̖̌̐̀ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̸̡̨̨̡̨̨̛̣̖̭̾̐̐ ̴̨̦̔̌ ̏ ̨̨̛̛̯̦̹̖̦ ̵̨̡̛̛̦̺̏̌̀̚ ̨̨̨̪̬̭̏̏ ̨̡̛̛̛̪̣̯ ̸̵̵̸̵̡̨̨̨̨̡̨̨̨̡̛̛̛̛̛̛̭̯̬̯̖̖̭̪̥̖̙̱̦̬̦̥̱̬̖̱̣̬̦̥̖̭̖̺̖̭̯̌̐̐̔̔̌̔̌̔̐̏̌̀̏̏. 34. ʦ ʪ̨̛̛̣̖̦̍̌̏ 2 ̨̛̛̪̬̯̭̏̔́ ̸̨̨̨̛̛̬̖̦̯̬̦̼̜̏ ̙̖̯̍̀̔ ʧ̨̨̨̣̣̦̍̌̽̐ ̣̦̭̌̽́̌ ̨̪ ̨̡̯̱̌̚ ̨̯ ̶̵̡̡̨̛̛̛̛̪̬̥̖̦̖̦̭̦̬̭̦̪̖̬́̏̌̏̌̌̌̔2013Ͳ2015̨̨̐̔̏. GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 20 21 ʪʽʥʤʦʸʫʻʰʫI GLOBALALLIANCETOELIMINATELEADPAINT:BUSINESSPLAN 22 ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɢɫɶɦɚ ɉɊɈɋɖȻȺ ɈɌɉȿɑȺɌȺɌɖ ɇȺ ȻɅȺɇɄȿ ȼȺɒȿɃ ɈɊȽȺɇɂɁȺɐɂɂ ɂ ɉɈɋɌȺȼɂɌɖ ɉɈȾɉɂɋɖ ȾȺɌȺ Ɍɟɦ, ɤɨɝɨ ɷɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ: ɉɪɨɫɶɛɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɤɚɡɭ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɜɢɧɟɣ ɤɪɚɫɨɤ [ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɮɚɦɢɥɢɹ] ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɤɚɡɭ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ ɤɪɚɫɨɤ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ. ɇɚɲɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ: [ɞɚɬɶ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɜɤɥɚɞɚ ɜ ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɪɨɤ, ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɧ] [Ɇɵ] ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɩɢɫɶɦɨ ɨ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɤɨɩɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɫɶɦɚ ɨ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ/ɢɦɹ [ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɮɚɦɢɥɢɸ ɥɢɰɚ] ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɜɟɛ-ɫɚɣɬɟ Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ. ɋ ɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ 23
25 ʪʽ ʥʤ ʦʸ ʫʻ ʰʫ II ɉɪ ɢɛ ɥɢ ɡɢ ɬɟ ɥɶ ɧɵ ɣɛ ɸɞ ɠɟ ɬɧ ɚɨ ɩɟ ɪɚ ɬɢ ɜɧ ɵɟ ɪɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ ɢ ɦɟ ɪɨ ɩɪ ɢɹ ɬɢ ɹɞ ɥɹ Ƚɥ ɨɛ ɚɥ ɶɧ ɨɝ ɨɚ ɥɶ ɹɧ ɫɚ ɩɨ ɨɬ ɤɚ ɡɭ ɨɬ ɩɪ ɢɦ ɟɧ ɟɧ ɢɹ ɫɨ ɞɟ ɪɠ ɚɳ ɢɯ ɫɜ ɢɧ ɟɰ ɤɪ ɚɫ ɨɤ ɧɚ 2 01 3- 20 15 ɝɨ ɞɵ (ɜ ɞɨ ɥɥ ɚɪ ɚɯ ɋɒ Ⱥ) ɩɨ ɫɬ ɚɬ ɟɣ ɧɵ ɟ ɪɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ 20 13 ɝɨ ɞ 20 14 ɝɨ ɞ 20 15 ɝɨ ɞ ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨ 10 Ɋɚ ɡɞ ɟɥ ɪɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ ɧɚ ɩɟ ɪɫ ɨɧ ɚɥ 11 00 ɋɨ ɬɪ ɭɞ ɧɢ ɤɢ ɤɚ ɬɟ ɝɨ ɪɢ ɢ ɫɩ ɟɰ ɢɚ ɥɢ ɫɬ ɨɜ ɘ ɇȿ ɉ 11 01 Ɂɚɦ ɟɫɬ ɢɬɟ ɥɶ ɪɭ ɤɨɜ ɨɞ ɢɬɟ ɥɹ, P -5 12 '3 11 12 '8 04 13 '3 16 38 '4 31 11 02 ɉɪ ɨɝɪ ɚɦ ɦɧ ɵɣ ɫɨɬ ɪɭ ɞɧ ɢɤ , P -3 12 1' 74 8 12 6' 61 8 13 1' 68 2 38 0' 04 8 ȼɈ Ɂ 11 03 P- 5 98 '4 92 10 2' 43 1 10 6' 52 9 30 7' 45 1 11 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 23 2' 55 1 24 1' 85 3 25 1' 52 7 72 5' 93 1 12 00 Ʉɨ ɧɫ ɭɥ ɶɬ ɚɧ ɬɵ 12 01 Ʉɨ ɧɫɭ ɥɶɬ ɚɧɬ ɵ; ɧɟɭ ɬɨɱ ɧɟɧ ɧɵ ɟ 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 75 '0 00 12 02 Ʉɨ ɧɫɭ ɥɶɬ ɚɧɬ ɵ; ɢɧ ɮɨ ɪɦ ɚɰɢ ɨɧ ɧɵ ɣɰ ɟɧɬ ɪɢ ɩɨ ɞɞ ɟɪɠ ɚɧɢ ɟɜ ɟɛ- ɫɚɣ ɬɚ 30 '0 00 10 ,0 00 10 '0 00 40 '0 00 12 03 Ʉɨ ɧɫɭ ɥɶɬ ɚɧɬ ɵ; ɩɨ ɞɝɨ ɬɨɜ ɤɚ ɪɭɤ ɨɜɨ ɞɫɬ ɜ,ɭ ɱɟɛ ɧɵ ɯɦ ɚɬɟ ɪɢ ɚɥɨ ɜ,ɰ ɟɥɟ ɜɵ ɯɩ ɭɛ ɥɢ ɤɚɰ ɢɣ 75 '0 00 25 '0 00 15 '0 00 11 5' 00 0 12 04 Ʉɨ ɧɫɭ ɥɶɬ ɚɧɬ ɵ; ɤɨɧ ɬɚɤ ɬɵ ɢɨ ɛɦ ɟɧ ɢɧ ɮɨ ɪɦ ɚɰɢ ɟɣ (ɩɨ ɫɬɪ ɚɧɚ ɦ) 5' 00 0 10 0' 00 0 12 5' 00 0 12 5' 00 0 35 0' 00 0 12 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 23 0' 00 0 17 5' 00 0 17 5' 00 0 58 0' 00 0 13 00 Ⱥɞ ɦɢ ɧɢ ɫɬ ɪɚ ɬɢ ɜɧ ɚɹ ɩɨ ɞɞ ɟɪ ɠɤ ɚ ɘ ɇȿ ɉ 13 01 ɋɟ ɤɪɟ ɬɚɪ ɢɚɬ G 4/ 5 34 '0 08 35 '3 68 36 '7 83 10 6' 15 9 ȼɈ Ɂ 13 04 ɋɟ ɤɪɟ ɬɚɪ ɢɚɬ G 5 17 '0 04 17 '6 84 18 '3 92 53 '0 80 13 30 Ʉɨ ɧɮ ɟɪ ɟɧ ɰ- ɨɛ ɫɥ ɭɠ ɢɜ ɚɧ ɢɟ 13 30 Ɍɪ ɟɬɶ ɟɫ ɨɜɟ ɳɚ ɧɢ ɟȽ ɥɨɛ ɚɥɶ ɧɨ ɝɨ ɚɥɶ ɹɧɫ ɚ 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 13 20 ȼɪ ɟɦ ɟɧɧ ɚɹ ɩɨ ɦɨ ɳɶ /ɋɜ ɟɪɯ ɭɪɨ ɱɧ ɵɟ 2' 00 0 4' 00 0 2' 00 0 8' 00 0 13 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 53 '0 12 82 '0 52 57 '1 75 19 2' 23 9 GG LL OO BB AA LL AA LL LL II AA NN CC EE TT OO EE LL II MM II NN AA TT EE LL EE AA DD PP AA II NN TT :: BB UU SS II NN EE SS SS PP LL AA NN 26 16 00 Ʉɨ ɦɚ ɧɞ ɢɪ ɨɜ ɤɢ 16 01 ɉɨ ɟɡɞ ɤɢ ɫɨɬ ɪɭ ɞɧ ɢɤ ɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɮ ɢɰ ɢɚɥ ɶɧɵ ɦɞ ɟɥɚ ɦ, ɫɜɹ ɡɚɧ ɧɵ ɦɫ Ƚɥ ɨɛ ɚɥɶ ɧɵ ɦɚ ɥɶɹ ɧɫɨ ɦ 20 '0 00 30 '0 00 20 '0 00 70 '0 00 16 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 20 '0 00 30 '0 00 20 '0 00 70 '0 00 19 99 ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨɩ ɨɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥɭ 53 5' 56 3 52 8' 90 5 50 3' 70 2 1' 56 8' 17 0 20 ɋɭ ɛɤ ɨɧ ɬɪ ɚɤ ɬɧ ɵɣ ɪɚ ɡɞ ɟɥ 21 00 ɋɭ ɛɤ ɨɧ ɬɪ ɚɤ ɬɵ 21 01 ɉɪ ɨɝɪ ɚɦ ɦɵ ɪɟɝ ɢɨ ɧɚɥ ɶɧɵ ɯ/ɧ ɚɰɢ ɨɧ ɚɥɶ ɧɵ ɯɩ ɪɨ ɜɟɪ ɨɤ, ɩɨ ɜɵ ɲɟ ɧɢ ɟɢ ɧɮ ɨɪ ɦɢ ɪɨ ɜɚɧ ɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɚɪ ɚɳ ɢɜ ɚɧɢ ɟɩ ɨɬɟ ɧɰ ɢɚɥ ɚ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 22 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 29 99 ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨɩ ɨɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥɭ 40 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 1' 40 0' 00 0 30 ɍɱ ɟɛ ɧɵ ɣɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥ 31 00 ɋɨ ɜɟ ɳ ɚɧ ɢɹ /Ʉ ɨɧ ɮɟ ɪɟ ɧɰ ɢɢ 31 01 Ɍɪ ɟɬɶ ɟɫ ɨɜɟ ɳɚ ɧɢ ɟȽ ɥɨɛ ɚɥɶ ɧɨ ɝɨ ɚɥɶ ɹɧɫ ɚ 0 15 0' 00 0 0 15 0' 00 0 31 02 ɋɨ ɜɟɳ ɚɧɢ ɟɤ ɨɧ ɫɭɥ ɶɬɚ ɬɢɜ ɧɨ ɣɝ ɪɭ ɩɩ ɵȽ ɥɨɛ ɚɥɶ ɧɨ ɝɨ ɚɥɶ ɹɧɫ ɚ 10 '0 00 12 '0 00 14 '0 00 36 '0 00 31 03 ɋɨ ɜɟɳ ɚɧɢ ɹɩ ɨɩ ɨɜɵ ɲɟ ɧɢ ɸɢ ɧɮ ɨɪ ɦɢ ɪɨ ɜɚɧ ɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɝ ɢɨ ɧɚɥ ɶɧɨ ɦɢ ɧɚɰ ɢɨ ɧɚɥ ɶɧɨ ɦ ɭɪɨ ɜɧ ɹɯ ɢɩ ɨɩ ɪɨ ɩɚɝ ɚɧɞ ɢɪ ɨɜɚ ɧɢ ɸ Ⱥɥ ɶɹɧ ɫɚ 20 0' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 50 0' 00 0 31 04 ɉɨ ɞɞ ɟɪɠ ɤɚ Ⱥɥ ɶɹɧ ɫɚ ɩɟɪ ɜɨɦ ɭɦ ɟɠ ɞɭ ɧɚɪ ɨɞ ɧɨ ɦɭ ɞɧ ɸɞ ɟɣɫ ɬɜɢ ɣɩ ɨɩ ɪɟɞ ɨɬɜ ɪɚɳ ɟɧɢ ɸ ɨɬɪ ɚɜɥ ɟɧɢ ɹɫ ɜɢ ɧɰ ɨɦ (ɩ ɪɢ ɨɫɨ ɛɨ ɦɜ ɧɢ ɦɚ ɧɢ ɢɫ ɨɞ ɟɪɠ ɚɳ ɢɦ ɫɜɢ ɧɟɰ ɤɪɚ ɫɤɚ ɦ) 75 '0 00 75 '0 00 0 15 0' 00 0 31 05 ɉɪ ɟɞɫ ɬɚɜ ɢɬɟ ɥɶɫ ɬɜɨ Ⱥɥ ɶɹɧ ɫɚ ɧɚ ɫɨ ɜ ɟɳ ɚɧɢ ɹɯ ɋɉ ɆɊ ɏȼ 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 75 '0 00 31 06 ɋɨ ɜɟɳ ɚɧɢ ɹɷ ɤɫɩ ɟɪɬ ɨɜ 50 '0 00 25 '0 00 25 '0 00 10 0' 00 0 33 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 36 0' 00 0 43 7' 00 0 21 4' 00 0 91 1' 00 0 39 99 ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨɩ ɨɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥɭ 36 0' 00 0 43 7' 00 0 21 4' 00 0 91 1' 00 0 40 Ɋɚ ɡɞ ɟɥ ɨɛ ɨɪ ɭɞ ɨɜ ɚɧ ɢɹ ɢɩ ɨɦ ɟɳ ɟɧ ɢɣ 41 00 Ɋɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɧɨ ɟɨ ɛɨ ɪɭ ɞɨ ɜɚ ɧɢ ɟ ( ɫɬ ɨɢ ɦɨ ɫɬ ɶɸ ɞɨ 1 50 0 ɞɨ ɥɥ .ɋ ɒ Ⱥ) 41 01 Ʉɨ ɧɬɨ ɪɫɤ ɨɟ ɨɛ ɨɪɭ ɞɨ ɜɚɧ ɢɟ ɢɦ ɚɬɟ ɪɢ ɚɥɵ :ɛ ɭɦ ɚɝɚ ,ɬɨ ɧɟɪ ,ɤɨ ɦɩ ɚɤɬ -ɞɢ ɫɤɢ , U SB 1' 20 0 1' 20 0 1' 20 0 3' 60 0 41 02 ɉɪ ɨɝɪ ɚɦ ɦɧ ɨɟ ɨɛ ɟɫɩ ɟɱɟ ɧɢ ɟ 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 6' 00 0 41 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 3' 20 0 3' 20 0 3' 20 0 9' 60 0 42 00 ɇɟ ɪɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɧɨ ɟɨ ɛɨ ɪɭ ɞɨ ɜɚ ɧɢ ɟ 42 01 Ʉɨ ɧɬɨ ɪɫɤ ɨɟ ɨɛ ɨɪɭ ɞɨ ɜɚɧ ɢɟ: ɤɨɦ ɩɶ ɸɬ ɟɪɵ ɢɦ ɟɯɚ ɧɢ ɡɦ ɢɧ ɮɨ ɪɦ ɰɟɧ ɬɪɚ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 42 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 43 00 ɉɨ ɦɟ ɳ ɟɧ ɢɹ 43 01 Ʉɨ ɧɬɨ ɪɫɤ ɢɟ ɩɨ ɦɟ ɳɟ ɧɢ ɹ,ɢ ɯɩ ɨɞ ɞɟɪ ɠɚ ɧɢ ɟɢ ɦɚ ɬɟɪ ɢɚɥ ɵɞ ɥɹ ɷɬɨ ɝɨ 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 15 '9 00 27 43 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 5' 30 0 15 '9 00 49 99 ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨɩ ɨɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥɭ 12 '5 00 12 '5 00 12 '5 00 37 '5 00 50 Ɋɚ ɡɞ ɟɥ ɪɚ ɡɧ ɨɟ 51 00 Ɉɛ ɟɫ ɩɟ ɱɟ ɧɢ ɟɪ ɚɛ ɨɬ ɵ ɢɭ ɯɨ ɞɚ ɡɚ ɨɛ ɨɪ ɭɞ ɨɜ ɚɧ ɢɟ ɦ 51 01 Ɉɛ ɫɥɭ ɠɢ ɜɚɧ ɢɟ ɤɨɧ ɬɨɪ ɫɤɨ ɝɨ ɨɛ ɨɪ ɭɞ ɨɜɚ ɧɢ ɹ 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '0 00 52 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '0 00 52 00 Ɋɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ ɩɨ ɨɬ ɱɟ ɬɧ ɨɫ ɬɢ 52 01 ɉɭ ɛɥ ɢɤ ɚɰɢ ɹɜ ɢɧ ɬɟɪ ɧɟɬ ɟɢ ɞɪ ɭɝɢ ɯɷ ɥɟɤ ɬɪɨ ɧɧ ɵɯ ɫɪɟ ɞɫɬ ɜɚɯ 10 '0 00 5' 00 0 5' 00 0 20 '0 00 52 02 Ɋɚ ɫɯɨ ɞɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɫ ɩɟɱ ɚɬɤ ɭ 7' 50 0 3' 00 0 5' 00 0 15 '5 00 52 03 ɉɟ ɪɟɜ ɨɞ ɞɨ ɤɭɦ ɟɧɬ ɨɜ 10 '0 00 4' 00 0 10 '0 00 24 '0 00 52 04 Ⱦɨ ɤɭɦ ɟɧɬ ɵɩ ɨɩ ɨɜɵ ɲɟ ɧɢ ɸɢ ɧɮ ɨɪ ɦɢ ɪɨ ɜɚɧ ɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɢɢ ɧɫɬ ɪɭ ɤɰ ɢɢ ɩɨ ɱɟɬ ɵɪ ɟɦ ɩɪ ɢɨ ɪɢ ɬɟɬ ɧɵ ɦɨ ɛɥ ɚɫɬ ɹɦ ɪɚɛ ɨɬɵ Ⱥɥ ɶɹɧ ɫɚ 14 0' 00 0 11 0' 00 0 11 5' 00 0 36 5' 00 0 52 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 16 7' 50 0 12 2' 00 0 13 5' 00 0 42 4' 50 0 53 00 Ɋɚ ɡɧ ɨɟ 53 01 ɋɜ ɹɡɶ ɩɨ ɱɬɚ /ɪɚ ɫɫɵ ɥɤɚ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 53 02 ɋɜ ɹɡɶ :ɬɟ ɥɟɮ ɨɧ ɢɢ ɧɬɟ ɪɧ ɟɬ 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 4' 00 0 12 '0 00 53 03 Ɇɚ ɬɟɪ ɢɚɥ ɶɧɨ -ɬɟ ɯɧ ɢɱ ɟɫɤ ɨɟ ɨɛ ɟɫɩ ɟɱɟ ɧɢ ɟɨ ɮɢ ɫɚ 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 2' 00 0 6' 00 0 53 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 10 '0 00 10 '0 00 10 '0 00 30 '0 00 55 00 Ⱥɧ ɚɥɢ ɡɪ ɚɛɨ ɬɵ 55 01 Ʉɨ ɧɫɭ ɥɶɬ ɚɧɬ ɩɨ ɚɧɚ ɥɢ ɡɭ ɪɚɛ ɨɬɵ ɞɥ ɹȺ ɥɶɹ ɧɫɚ 20 '0 00 20 '0 00 54 99 ɉɪ ɨɦ ɟɠ ɭɬ ɨɱ ɧɵ ɣ ɢɬ ɨɝ 0 20 '0 00 0 20 '0 00 59 99 ɂɬ ɨɝ ɨɩ ɨɪ ɚɡ ɞɟ ɥɭ 18 2' 50 0 15 7' 00 0 15 0' 00 0 48 9' 50 0 ɉɪ ɹɦ ɵɟ ɪɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ ɩɨ ɩɪ ɨɟ ɤɬ ɭ 1' 49 0' 56 3 1' 63 5' 40 5 1' 38 0' 20 2 4' 40 6' 17 0 Ɋɚ ɫɯ ɨɞ ɵ ɘ ɇȿ ɉ ɢȼ ɈɁ ɩɨ ɩɨ ɞɞ ɟɪ ɠɤ ɟɩ ɪɨ ɝɪ ɚɦ ɦɵ (1 3% ) 19 3' 77 3 21 2' 60 3 17 9' 42 6 57 2' 80 2 9 ɈȻ ɓ ɂɃ ɂɌ ɈȽ 1' 68 4' 33 6 1' 84 8' 00 8 1' 55 9' 62 8 4' 97 8' 97 2 About the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics The UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (DTIE) helps governments, local authorities and decision-makers in business and industry to develop and implement policies and practices focusing on sustainable development. The Division works to promote: > sustainable consumption and production, > the e cient use of renewable energy, > adequate management of chemicals, > the integration of environmental costs in development policies. The O ce of the Director, located in Paris, coordinates activities through: > The International Environmental Technology Centre - IETC (Osaka, Shiga), which implements integrated waste, water and disaster management programmes, focusing in particular on Asia. > Sustainable Consumption and Production (Paris), which promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns as a contribution to human development through global markets. > Chemicals (Geneva), which catalyzes global actions to bring about the sound management of chemicals and the improvement of chemical safety worldwide. > Energy (Paris), which fosters energy and transport policies for sustainable development and encourages investment in renewable energy and energy e ciency. > OzonAction (Paris), which supports the phase-out of ozone depleting substances in developing countries and countries with economies in transition to ensure implementation of the Montreal Protocol. > Economics and Trade (Geneva), which helps countries to integrate environmental considerations into economic and trade policies, and works with the nance sector to incorporate sustainable development policies. UNEP DTIE activities focus on raising awareness, improving the transfer of knowledge and information, fostering technological cooperation and partnerships, and implementing international conventions and agreements. For more information, see www.unep.org За более подробной информацией обращайтесь UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch International Environment House I 11-13, Chemin des Anémones CH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva Tel: +41 22 917 81 92 Fax: +41 22 797 34 60 E-mail: lead-cadmium.chemicals@unep.org www.unep.org