2012 Asia Pacific Emergency and Disaster Nursing Network Meeting, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 3-5 October 2012 : report

REPORT 2012 ASIA PACIFIC EMERGENCY AND DISASTER NURSING NETWORK MEETING Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3-5 October 2012 Manila, Philippines December 2012 (WP)DHS/HRH/NUR/2012 English only Report Series Number: RS/2012/GE/74(MYS) REPORT 2012 ASIA PACIFIC EMERGENCY AND DISASTER NURSING NETWORK MEETING Convened jointly by: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REGIONAL OFFICES FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MALAYSIA, NURSING DIVISION AND THE INSTITUTE OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT, BANGSAR, KUALA LUMPUR WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR NURSING AND MIDWIFERY EDUCATION AND RESEARCH CAPACITY-BUILDING, THE SCHOOL OF NURSING, MIDWIFERY AND NUTRITION, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA Sponsorship received from: WHO Regional Offices for the Western Pacific and South-East Asia The Government of Japan's Voluntary Contribution Funds Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Nursing Division The Institute of Health Management, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur James Cook University, Australia, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research Capacity-Building Not for sale Printed and distributed by: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific Manila, Philippines December 2012 NOTE The views expressed in this report are those of the participants in the 2012 Asia Pacific Emergency and Disaster Nursing Network Meeting and do not necessarily reflect the policies of the Organization. This report has been prepared by the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific for governments of Member States in the Western Pacific and South-East Asia Regions and for those who participated in the 2012 Asia Pacific Emergency and Disaster Nursing Network Meeting, which was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 3 to 5 October 2012. CONTENTS Page SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………………i 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 1 2. PROCEEDINGS ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Day 1: Wednesday, 3 October 2012 ............................................................................ 2 2.2 Day 2: Thursday, 4 October 2012 ................................................................................ 6 2.3 Day 3: Friday, 5 October 2012 .................................................................................... 7 ANNEXES: ANNEX 1 - LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ANNEX 2 - MEETING PROGRAMME ANNEX 3 - APEDNN ACTION PLANS, RESEARCH INTERESTS 2012 Keywords Emergencies / Disasters planning / Nursing – education / Midwifery - education - i - SUMMARY The 2012 Meeting of the Asia Pacific Emergency and Disaster Nursing Network (APEDNN) took place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 3 to 5 October 2012, in conjunction with the Third International Conference on Disaster Nursing from 6 to 7 October 2012. The 2012 APEDNN meeting aimed to build the research capacities of network members to enable them to evaluate the impact and outcomes of nursing and midwifery disaster-related interventions. More than 70 participants from 30 countries in the Asia Pacific region attended the meeting and international conference, which was cosponsored by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, the WHO Regional Offices for the Western Pacific and South-East Asia, and James Cook University’s School of Nursing, Midwifery and Nutrition, a WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research Capacity-Building. By the end of the meeting and capacity-building sessions, participants had reviewed and agreed to use a survey to assess and support the development of emergency and disaster nursing at national or subnational levels, which will also serve as an assessment of the application of knowledge and skills gained through APEDNN at country level. The survey tool and methodology are undergoing revisions subsequent to review during the 2012 meeting. As a result of the meeting, APEDNN participants had demonstrated new knowledge and skills in research and disasters; reviewed the collaborative APEDNN research action framework proposed; and developed action plans for country- level work in 2013. Selected APEDNN country participants (approximately 25 persons from the WHO South-East Asian and Western Pacific regions), who had successfully applied for an Australian Leadership Award fellowship for research capacity-building, will take part in a research training programme at James Cook University in December 2012. The meeting was made possible through the support of the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, and the Institute of Health Management, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; the Government of Japan's Voluntary Contribution Funds; the WHO Regional Offices for the Western Pacific and South-East Asia; and James Cook University’s School of Nursing, Midwifery and Nutrition, a WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research Capacity-Building. 1. INTRODUCTION The Asia Pacific Emergency Disaster Nursing Network (APEDNN) was formed in 2007 in recognition of the necessity of a coordinated, sustained and maximum response to the growing numbers of emergencies and disasters in the Asia Pacific region. The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific worked with nursing leaders and partners on its formation, with an aim to establish a network through which emergency and disaster preparedness could be enhanced. Members of the network include policy-makers, practitioners, researchers, educators, WHO representatives and invited stakeholders committed to building disaster preparedness, response and recovery capacities. Since its formation, the network has convened annual meetings for its members. The network's meetings have been held in Jinan, Shandong, China in 2008; in Cairns, Australia in 2009; and in Auckland, New Zealand in 2010. The 2011 APEDNN meeting was convened in conjunction with an international conference on disaster nursing in Seoul and Daejeon, the Republic of Korea. The 2012 APEDNN meeting and an international conference on disaster nursing were convened in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 3 to 7 October 2012. The meeting was made possible through the support of the Ministry of Health, Malaysia; the Institute of Health Management, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; the Government of Japan's Voluntary Contribution Funds; the WHO Western Pacific and South-East Asia Regional Offices; and the WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research Capacity-Building, The School of Nursing Midwifery and Nutrition, James Cook University, Australia. The 2012 meeting aimed to build the research capacities of network members to enable them to evaluate the outcomes and impact of nursing and midwifery disaster-related interventions. More than 70 participants from 30 countries—18 countries from the Western Pacific Region, 11 countries from the South-East Asia Region and 1 country from the Region of the Americas—attended the 2012 APEDNN meeting. The participant list is found in Annex 1. 1.1 Objectives (1) To agree on the guidelines, tools and processes for evaluating the effectiveness, outcome and impact of APEDNN in 2012. (2) To demonstrate new knowledge and skills in research and disasters and establish a collaborative APEDNN research action framework for strengthening in-country and cross- border research capacities and the evidence base for disaster nursing and community resilience. (3) To formulate action plans for 2013, including core course deployment and evaluation. The meeting agenda is included as Annex 2. - 2 - 2. PROCEEDINGS 2.1 Day 1: Wednesday, 3 October 2012 2.1.1 Opening ceremony A welcoming address delivered by Dato’ Hajih Fathilah binti Abdul Wahab, Director of Nursing, Ministry of Health, Malaysia placed emphasis on the importance of focusing on best practices and creative solutions to disaster mitigation and response. Dr Graham Harrison, WHO Representative in Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and Singapore, in his opening remarks, noted the increased numbers and varieties of disasters in the Asia Pacific region and commended the work of the network in supporting members during times of disasters, building capacities and sharing best practices in emergency and disaster preparedness, response, recovery and rehabilitation. The Honourable Deputy Minister of Health, Malaysia, Datuk Rosnah Abdul Rashid Shirlin, officiated the opening ceremony and thanked the APEDNN organizers for giving Malaysia the opportunity to host the 2012 network meeting. The keynote address by the Senior Consultant and Head, Emergency and Trauma Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Prof Dato’ Sri Dr Abu Hassan Saari bin Abdullah, focused on major incident management and disaster mitigation, responsiveness and recovery, stressing that the real challenge is the paradigm shift in disaster management. Catalysts for the paradigm shift were noted, including the complexity of crises and disasters, which require rapid and comprehensive responses tailored to such changes. The definitions and types of disasters and available disaster evidence-based management guidelines were reviewed. He discussed the role of nurses in Malaysia in disaster planning, preparedness and management, as well as pre-hospital care, placing emphasis on the need for strength, resilience and a caring attitude. He supported the establishment and strengthening of a disaster nursing research agenda. 2.1.2 2011 APEDNN meeting recommendations and ongoing work Ms Kathleen Fritsch, Regional Adviser for Nursing, WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, and Professor Kim Usher, Professor and Director of Research, James Cook University, welcomed participants and shared the 2011 APEDNN meeting recommendations:  further communication, collaboration and partnerships;  maintain the APEDNN website by Shandong University;  report on the implementation of national assessments through a planned monitoring and evaluation survey;  continue ongoing work on the validation of disaster nursing competencies, curricular integration and application of the psychosocial health and disaster course; and  establish a research agenda and building research capacity. - 3 - Professor Usher highlighted the Australian Leadership Award (ALA) fellowship for research capacity-building, including cross-border partnerships, to be conducted in December 2012 in Cairns for 25 participants. Professor Usher noted that although the number of participants was limited to 25, it was hoped that research capacity-building would continue on an ongoing basis. Plans for the publication of emergency and disaster nursing case studies from countries in in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions were presented by Dr Sheila Bonito, University of Philippines, and Dr Prakin Suchaxaya, Regional Adviser for Nursing and Midwifery, WHO South-East Asian Region. The draft case studies from the Western Pacific Region were delivered as electronic files to APEDNN members in 2010. The case studies, which highlight the varied roles of nurses and midwives in a multitude of emergency and disaster situations, serve as important documentation of experiences and lessons learnt. They also expose areas requiring strengthening, such as fuller participation of nurses and midwives in national preparedness and response systems and policy-making, while also contributing to building the evidence base for disaster nursing and community resilience. Updates on psychosocial health and infection prevention and control courses were presented by Professor Usher and Ms Peggy Or, respectively. Both courses are being modified to enable their availability as flexible, self-directed courses offered through the Pacific Open Learning Health Net (POLHN). Participants of the infection prevention and control course can choose from four modules based on their needs. Video clips of health workers' experiences post disaster are integrated into the psychosocial health and disaster course. Methods of promoting patient resilience were shown to participants using a videotaped counselling interview. Disaster nursing courses and training, presented by Ms Sunshine Chan, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, target five groups, namely survivors and members of the public, health workers, undergraduate and graduate students. Supportive training materials include a disaster management guide for survivors and a computer game on responding to an earthquake and preparing a survivor's kit. Professor Kristine Qureshi, University of Hawaii, Department of Nursing, provided an overview of the public health and emerging diseases course, consisting of a series of short modules addressing epidemic preparedness, surveillance and rapid health assessment, as well as case investigation and management. 2.1.3 Writing for publication Dr Sue Turale, Editor-in-Chief, Nursing and Health Sciences, delivered a plenary presentation on writing for publication to encourage new authors to publish their work to disseminate knowledge, build capacities and contribute to strengthening the evidence-base on disaster nursing. She addressed reasons why people do and do not write, as well as the need to develop a sense of self-worth and determination about writing and thinking strategically about what is required to publish professional writing of high standards. Suggestions for getting started included writing an action plan, identifying strategic questions and answers and seeking advice and mentorship from authors whose work has been published in the international literature. She noted the common use of publishing guidelines by the Committee of Publication Ethics (COPE). Ethical, legal and copyright issues surrounding publication were reviewed as well as the action steps of writing for publication. Practical guides to publishing were distributed to participants; electronic copies are accessible at www.nurseauthoreditor.com. Dr Tulare invited participants to submit manuscripts by 31 August 2013 for a special issue of Nursing and Health Sciences that will focus on disaster nursing around the world. - 4 - 2.1.4 APEDNN conceptual and research action frameworks Dr Bonito, Professor Usher and Ms Fritsch presented an overview of the APEDNN conceptual and research action frameworks. The strategic work of the network captured in its conceptual framework is illustrated in Figure 1. Emergency and disaster nursing/midwifery work begins with contextual factors such as risk and capacity assessments; proceeds to interventions such as capacity-building, service delivery, policy development and research; and concludes with outcomes aimed at mitigation of impact, enhancement of emergency response and community resilience. Research underlies all stages of the conceptual framework. Figure 1: APEDNN conceptual framework The APEDNN monitoring and evaluation framework, a basic logic model, supports the monitoring and evaluation of work in each of the three conceptual domains and is based on the guiding principles of the network:  communicating, collaborating and building capacity;  working in partnership with communities and providing feedback to communities and other stakeholders;  sharing information, best practices and resources;  understanding and addressing inequities and closing the gap by addressing gender, sociocultural issues, and the needs of underserved populations and individuals with disabilities and vulnerabilities;  conducting research to improve care provision, policy development and capacity- building; and  sustaining the network and partnerships. The draft research action framework (see Table 1) reflects the conceptual and evaluation frameworks and poses research questions in each of the three conceptual domains. - 5 - Table 1: APEDNN research domains and guiding research questions Domain 1 Assessing context and risks, including competencies and capacities Research questions:  What are the current risks for communities and the Asia Pacific workforce?  What tools are used to assess risk in vulnerable populations in the Asia Pacific region?  How are community risks and vulnerabilities measured?  What is the level of coverage of emergency and disaster content in pre-registration curricula?  What is the current level of nurse preparedness for disaster and emergency response? Domain 2 Policy-making and improving the quality of emergency and disaster service delivery Research questions: 2.1 Policy-making  Are our facilities sufficiently staffed to withstand and cope with disasters?  How can we improve the flow of money, logistics, information and management to more efficiently and effectively deal with disasters?  How have nurses and midwives influenced emergency and disaster policies and resource allocation?  What factors have contributed to nurses and midwives being able to influence emergency and disaster policies and resources?  Has APEDNN and its membership contributed to emergency and disaster policy development and associated resources? 2.2 Improving the quality of emergency and disaster service delivery  What is the application of emergency nursing competencies nationally and across the Asia Pacific region?  What lessons can we learn from previous emergencies and disasters?  What is the role of nurses in emergency and disaster response in the Asia Pacific region?  What competencies in nursing care are relied upon during emergency and disaster response?  Are nurses knowledgeable, skilled and confident to perform properly in emergencies?  What specific skills are needed to strengthen disaster and emergency nursing capacities?  Do we have enough skilled staff to cope with the surge capacities required by disasters? Is the skill-mix appropriate?  What interventions have positively impacted emergency and disaster nursing care and overall service delivery? Domain 3 Outcomes and impact: building and measuring community resilience Research questions:  What is community resilience in relation to disasters and emergencies?  What community capacities are needed to implement resilience-building activities?  How can we help communities to develop resilience?  What practices are required to promote community resilience?  How will we know if such practices or activities are working? - 6 - The draft APEDNN survey tool was presented by Dr Sheila Bonito and distributed to all participants. Survey comments and questions raised during plenary and smaller group sessions addressed the ambiguity of the survey’s aim and accompanying questions. It was suggested to limit demographic data to what is essential for this particular survey. Various methods of survey deployment and data collection were discussed. Two nurses from a small Pacific island country noted that completing the survey had been useful in bringing attention to the need to assess the national and sector disaster policy context. Ms Fritsch and Dr Bonito informed meeting participants that further work on the survey would continue, taking into account the feedback provided. Day 1 concluded with participants dividing into four groups with their facilitators to work on survey review and action planning. The four groups represented clusters of participants from: (1) South-East Region countries; (2) Pacific island countries; (3) Western Pacific Region Asian countries—Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Viet Nam; and (4) China, Hong Kong (China), Japan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea. 2.2 Day 2: Thursday, 4 October 2012 Day 2 began with brief plenary presentations on various types of research and research processes. 2.2.1 Research plenary presentations Dr Caryn West spoke of the need to conduct research so that answers to general questions could be found. Dr West spoke to the fact that many people contribute to the discovery of knowledge through research. Dr Josefina Tuazon spoke of the need for research in disasters. Various methodologies were described. She addressed the importance of appropriate sampling so that appropriate populations are examined for meaningful research. Dr Lidia Mayner provided information about epidemiology and statistics. Dr Usher discussed qualitative research and how it differs from quantitative research. Qualitative research facilitates understanding of the meanings and experiences of people in their life contexts. She emphasized that the approach to research should be driven by the research question. Dr Qureshi described community-based participatory research (CBPR) as a method of social action research based on data collection from the community. For this form of research, the researcher and key community members team up to work in close collaboration. Once the data are collected, community meetings are conducted to review the information gained and to prioritize health issues to be worked on. She emphasized that questions should come from the community and that the community remain in control of the data. 2.2.2 Ethical challenges in disaster nursing Dr Samantha Pang, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, School of Nursing, delivered a plenary address on the ethical aspects of disaster nursing and the ongoing challenge for professionals to review the ethical basis of their practice during times of public health crises and disasters. Though decision-making relies on scientific findings as the basis for the best provision of care, science alone cannot prepare us for a public health crisis. Urgent measures are necessary to avert a serious threat in extreme emergency and disaster situations, but they must be based on an assessment of potential costs and benefits and on the principles of doing good and doing no harm, while striving to respect autonomy and patient rights. Priority setting, necessary during pandemic outbreaks or other severe disasters, involves a shift in ethical principles to a utilitarian framework in which the greatest good for the greatest numbers of individuals as well as the - 7 - preservation of society take precedence over individual rights. While health professionals have a professional duty of beneficence and an obligation to protect the welfare of patients, they also have a right to protect themselves from grave risks. Thus, professional obligations often come into conflict with protecting oneself and one's family. Emphasis was placed on the need to: (1) identify the ethical challenges facing health professionals caring for disaster victims; (2) develop national ethical consensus guidelines for ethical decision-making in disaster relief; and (3) address transparency and fairness in revising procedures during times of severe crisis. 2.2.3 Group work preparation: Qualitative and quantitative data collection In preparation for group work, Professor Usher discussed methods of qualitative data collection such as participant observations, interviews, focus group discussions and other methodologies. The basics of data entry and the importance of maintaining quality when entering data were addressed by Dr Qureshi. Frequent problems encountered when entering data include missing data and double entry as well as the inability to read written responses. The importance of maintaining confidentiality and secure record keeping were emphasized. Participants were divided into groups established on the preceding day to take part in participatory exercises about qualitative research. Participants were asked to develop interview guides and carry out interviews with peers about the motivations of persons volunteering to assist in disaster recovery efforts. Content analysis was used to analyse the data collected. The groups also took part in exercises involving collecting, recording and analysing quantitative data using a WHO hand hygiene data collection tool. Each of the groups presented their findings in a plenary session. Themes arising from the interviews of persons volunteering in disaster recovery efforts involved compassion for humanity; professional commitment or civil responsibility; empathy and understanding; a desire to help and/or to do something as a member of an affected community. Participants also described their work on hand hygiene data collection, entry and analysis using an MS Excel spreadsheet and noted the usefulness of the group exercise. The day concluded with Dr Bonito and Ms Fritsch providing feedback in response to reviews and comments on the draft APEDNN evaluation survey tool. The feedback will be incorporated into survey revisions prior to survey deployment. 2.3 Day 3: Friday, 5 October 2012 2.3.1 Research presentations Dr Mayner provided an overview of qualitative community resilience research being undertaken by the Torrens Resilience Institute and Flinders to define community disaster resilience and to create a practical model and tool that a community could use to assess emergency and disaster resilience. A scorecard has been developed and is being tested in five communities to assess four core elements of community resilience. Participants expressed interest in using the tool, once it is available for dissemination. Dr West delivered a presentation on tropical cyclone Yasi, which caused significant damage in North Queensland in February 2011. The evacuation of 320 patients from the Cairns Base Hospital and private hospitals to Brisbane metropolitan hospitals was described. A cross- sectional survey conducted after cyclone Yasi revealed a significant correlation between property damage and loss of resources and acute stress disorder. Prescriptions for antidepressant medications increased monthly subsequent to the cyclone. - 8 - Ms Lisa Conlon presented research on the adaptive capacity of selected Pacific islands in the context of climate change. The research focussed on post-disaster humanitarian needs such as health care, food and nutrition, water and sanitation, and psychosocial needs. Dr Araceli Balabagno presented research on competency development in nursing practice and education, inclusive of disaster-related competencies in the Philippines. A survey was conducted in three sites with a sample size of 221 participants. As a result of the study, a document was published on core competencies, performance indicators and key areas of responsibilities that support family health care in the Philippines. Areas for further development include improving the curricular integration of disaster nursing competencies and building the emergency and disaster nursing capacities of faculty members. Professor Samantha Pang presented the outcomes of disaster education and capacity- building training programmes in China. She noted that health literacy scores of trainees increased subsequent to the training, which included lectures, problem-based learning and action learning. Dr Yuli Zang presented the findings of an assessment of hand hygiene knowledge of nurses in Shandong Province. The study, which evaluated the knowledge of nurses after formal training in hand hygiene, showed that though knowledge was poor in some areas, 90% of the nurses were routinely using alcohol-based hand rub. Dr Zang showed an illustration of the WHO 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene poster in Chinese and concluded by stating that further action must be taken to raise awareness of the importance of hand hygiene and improve practice. She also encouraged participants to undertake research studies. 2.3.2 Reflections and evaluation During the third day, participants were asked to reflect on their experiences during the meeting and complete written evaluations. Mr Michael Larui, Solomon Islands, expressed appreciation of the preceding two meeting days and the 2011 APEDNN meeting and report. He shared his concerns regarding the effect of climate change on small Pacific islands and the need to address these changes in disaster management. Ms Nga Manea, Cook Islands, expressed her thought that research would enhance and motivate young nurses who were lacking in research knowledge and skills. Research capacity- building would help prepare young nurses to carry out and share relevant research in her country. She also stated that taking the APEDNN evaluation survey led to more understanding of national disaster plans and policies. Mrs Pele Stowers commended the presentation on ethics, but she also noted that it is a difficult subject to understand within a one-hour presentation. She noted that from a Pacific island context, research is not well supported even though it is important to improve the health of the people. She also emphasized the importance of ensuring that APEDNN members and others contribute to research being conducted. The team of three Cambodian delegates represented by Mr Virya Koy thanked the committee for organizing the meeting, which gave them more exposure to and a better understanding of disaster management. They felt that the research presentations and associated group work were very useful and gave them a better idea of the need for more effective data collection. However, they also felt that the allocated time for group work was too short and suggested that future meetings provide more time to practise in terms of capacity-building. More networking with Cambodia was requested to build research capacities. - 9 - Mr Samuel Ravi, Sri Lanka, expressed appreciation for the presentations that focused on disaster research and qualitative analysis and shared his disaster relief work experience during the tsunami in Sri Lanka. He reiterated that writing for publication is important, as it is time to share ideas across different parts of the world. Ms Tselvin Subramaniam stated that although research is still in the development phase among nurses in Malaysia, the Ministry of Health's Nursing Division encourages nurses to conduct research. A working group was formed to develop a nursing research framework in conjunction with the 3rd International Conference on Disaster Nursing. Ten research papers were accepted for presentation at the conference. Written evaluation forms were distributed and completed by 37 participants. Evaluation data analysed by James Cook University revealed that the majority of participants rated the meeting and research skills building workshop positively, from good to outstanding, on a five- point rating scale. Areas for improvement, commented on by respondents, focused primarily on the need for more time, e.g. time for more interactive, participatory and practical sessions, and increased depth of coverage of research methods. Written responses to a question concerning outcomes and actions by participants as a result of attending the meeting included:  more knowledgeable about research principles, qualitative data and research designs;  interest in practical application of research in the workplace;  recognition of the importance of nurses participating more actively in disaster nursing;  recognition of the importance of incorporating emergency and disaster knowledge and skills in curricula and evaluating such curricular changes;  deepened understanding of resilience;  development of disaster action plans;  learnt from one another and shared knowledge with colleagues in their respective countries;  networking, collaborative research, making friends and widening a network; and  understanding of the objectives of APEDNN and the role of APEDNN in assessing risks and capacities in emergencies and disasters. 2.3.3 Next steps Participant action plans and group work discussions on research interests and needs (see Annex 3) dealt with the following areas:  awareness-raising and advocacy;  disaster-related knowledge and skills;  curricular changes;  assessing and building capacity; - 10 -  building capacities in infection prevention and control as well as psychosocial health and disasters;  community collaboration and community resilience;  addressing the needs of vulnerable populations; and  communication and information sharing. The outcomes of the secretariat and working group meeting were presented. The University of the Philippines agreed to be the next APEDNN secretariat. Dr Prakin Suchaxaya, Regional Adviser, Nursing, WHO South-East Asia Region informed the meeting participants that the next APEDNN meeting would be held in Bangkok, Thailand in 2013. The theme for the meeting is yet to be decided, though consideration is being given to community resilience. In the future, due to financial constraints, the APEDNN meeting might be conducted once every two years. The frequency of meetings will be discussed further in the future. 2.3.4 Meeting closure Thanks were given to the organizers, the secretariat and the participants for their hard work in planning and conducting the meeting. Particular thanks were given to Dato’ Fathilah and the local organizing team for their extensive preparatory work, venue and accommodation arrangements and unending hospitality. Mr S Ravi delivered a message of thanks on behalf of the meeting participants. Ms Kathy Fritsch acknowledged that the network continues to grow and paid tribute to the active participation of the members in building the network and in sharing their talents. Staff of James Cook University’s WHO collaborating centre, led by Professor Usher and Dr West, were thanked for serving as the APEDNN secretariat for the past four years. The APEDNN meeting was officially closed by Dato’ Fathilah, who issued thanks to all participants and hopes that they would have a fruitful and memorable stay in Kuala Lumpur. ANNEX 1 Country Last Name First Name Affiliation JobTitle Email Address 1 Australia Conlon Lisa, Ms University of Technology Sydney (City Campus) Lecturer, Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery &  Health lisa.conlon@uts.edu.au 2 Australia Mayner Lidia, Dr FURP for Disaster Nursing, ICN Accredited Centre for  (ICNP®)  R&D Associate Professor and Director lidia.mayner@flinders.edu.au 3 Australia Usher Kim, Professor School of Nursing, Midwifery & Nutrition, James Cook  University Professor& Director of Research, Dean of  kim.usher@jcu.edu.au  4 Australia West Caryn, Dr School of Nursing, Midwifery & Nutrition, James Cook  University Deputy Director WHO CC, Lecturer caryn.west@jcu.edu.au 5 Bangladesh Ullah Mofiz, Mr Md Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh mdmofizullah@gmail.com 6 Bhutan Pemo Tandin, Ms Ministry of Health, National Referal Hospital Nurse Superintendent ptandin@yahoo.co.uk 7 Cambodia Koy Virya, Mr Ministry of Health Chief Bureau of Nursing and Midwifery virya_koy@yahoo.com 8 Cambodia Lak Muy Seang, Ms  Ministry of Health, Preventative Medicine Dept. Vice Bureau Chief of Disaster &  Environmental Health Management  Office sreanglak@yahoo.com   9 Cambodia Sothea Seang, Mr Calmette Hospital Chief Nurse isar_ssothea@yahoo.fr 10 China Lou Fenglan Shandong University, School of Nursing 11 China  Petrini Marcia, Dr Wuhan University 2845map@gmail.com 12 China Zang Yuli (Amy), Dr School of Nursing, Shandong University Associate Professor, Vice Dean zylpear2005hk@hotmail.com  13 Cook Islands Manea Nga, Mrs Rarotonga Hospital Charge Nurse n.manea@health.gov.ck 14 Cook Islands Puna Patricia, Ms Ministry of Health Registered Nurse p.puna@health.gov.ck 15 DPR Korea Choe Ryon Hui, Dr Ministry of Health National Program Manager for Nursing &  Midwifery Bogon.moph@star‐co.net.kp 16 DPR Korea Jeon Yungyong 17 DPR Korea O Hyon A., Dr Ministry of Public Health Interpreter Bogon.moph@star‐co.net.kp 18 Hong Kong Chan Sunshine, Ms School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ. Nurse Consultant hschan@inet.polyu.edu.hk  19 Hong Kong Chan Wai Shan, Ms  School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ. Clinical Associate hswsc@inet.polyu.edu.hk 20 Hong Kong Hung Shuk Yu, Maria, Dr School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ. maria.hung@polyu.edu.hk  21 Hong Kong Lai Timothy, Mr School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ. Advanced Practice Nurse hskhlai@inet.polyu.edu.hk 22 Hong Kong Li Sijian, Dr School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ. Lecturer hssjli@inet.polyu.edu.hk  23 Hong Kong Or Peggy, Ms Tung Wah College peggyor@twc.edu.hk 24 Hong Kong Pang Samantha, Ms School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic  University Professor  samantha.pang@polyu.edu.hk 25 India Kumar T S Ravi, Mr Christian Medical College, College of Nursing Head, Department Emergency Nursing tsravi30@hotmail.com 26 India Suchaxaya Prakin, Dr WHO/SEARO  Regional Adviser, Nursing & Midwifery suchaxayap@searo.who.int  APEDNN 2012 Meeting Participants 27 Indonesia Kur Amelia, Ms University of Indonesia Indonesian E&D Nursing Assoc. Faculty of Nursing a_kur@yahoo.com 28 Indonesia Mudjiharto Mr Centre for Health Crisis Head mas_mudji@yahoo.co.id  mudjiharto@gmail.com 29 Indonesia Prayetni Mrs Ministry of Health Head of Sub Directorate of Nursing Care  in Specialty Hospital Pra24yetni@yahoo.com 30 Indonesia Triani Wiwi, Ms Speciality Hosptial, Directorate of Nursing Head of Standardization Section 31 Japan Higashiura Hiroshi, Mr The Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing Professor, International Nursing &  Disaster Nursing h‐higashiura@redcross.ac.jp 32 Japan Kurotaki Akiko, Dr University of Hyogo kurotaki_akiko@yahoo.co.jp 33 Kiribati Cati Luisa, Mrs Minstry of Health and Medical Services Principal Officer luisa.kabong@yahoo.com 34 Kiribati Robate Mamao, Ms Ministry of Health & Medical Services,  Tungaru Central Hospital Acting Director of Nursing Services mrobate@yahoo.com  35 Lao PDR Inthaphanith Phengdy, Mrs Ministry of Health, Department Curative Medicine Head Nurse  phengdys@yahoo.com  36 Lao PDR Souksavanh Phanpaseuth, Mr Faculty of Nursing Sciences Deputy dean of Academic Affairs soukphanpaseuth@yahoo.com  37 Malaysia Catampongan Jim P., Mr International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Jim.catampongan@ifrc.org  38 Malaysia Din Mahani, Ms Ministry of Health Malaysia Principle Assistant Director of Nursing mahani.din@moh.gov.my 39 Malaysia Ghani Rosena, Ms Ministry of Health Malaysia Principle Assistant Director of Nursing rosena@moh.gov.my  40 Malaysia Ismail Mohd Safiee Bin, Dr Ministry of Health Malaysia, Family Health  Development Division Principal Assistant Director mohdshafie@moh.gov.my  41 Malaysia Kulaisingam Jeyathesan International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Medical Officer jeyathesan@gmail.com 42 Malaysia Liong Sie Fung, Datin  Nursing Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia Assistant Director of Nursing siefung@moh.gov.my  43 Malaysia Manan Mahawa, Abdul Ministry of Health Malaysia, Public Health Principle Assistant Director of Nursing mahawa@moh.gov.my 44 Malaysia Omar Faridah, Ms Ministry of Health Malaysia, Nursing Division Principle Assistant Director of Nursing faridah_o@moh.gov.my 45 Malaysia Raghavan Malathy, Ms Ministry of Health Malaysia, Emergency & Trauma  Dept. Nursing Officer malathy_08@yahoo.com 46 Malaysia Subramaniam Tselvin, Ms Ministry of Health, Nursing Division Assistant Director of Nursing tselvin@moh.gov.my  47 Malaysia Sulaiman Atnah, Ms Ministry of Health Malaysia, Nursing Division Principle Assistant Director of Nursing athnah@moh.gov.my 48 Malaysia Wahab  Dato' Hjh. Fathilah Ministry of Health Director of Nursing fathilah_ab@moh.gov.my  49 Malaysia Wan Ismail Wan  Marina Ministry of Health Malaysia, Nursing Division Principle Assistant Director of Nursing wanmarinawi@moh.gov.my 50 Malaysia Zaharuddin Zahara, Ms University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia Chief Nursing Officer, Dept. of Emergency & Trauma 51 Malaysia Zuki Jamizah Ministry of Health Malaysia, Nursing Division Principle Assistant Director of Nursing jamizah@moh.gov.my 52 Maldives Fakir Algeema, Ms Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital Ward Manager, Accidents & Emergency  Services agleema@mhsc.com.mv 53 Marshall Is. Langrine Hillia, Ms Majuro Public Health Deputy Chief Nurse Public Health hkonou@yahoo.com  54 Mongolia Nyamsuren Dorjjantsan, Dr Second Cinical Nursing Hospital Head Nurse  nyamaa24@yahoo.com 55 Myanmar Leoni Mrs Yangon General Hospital, Nursing Training School Principle mayzunnaing@gmail.com 56 Nepal Shrestha Ishawari Devi, Ms Ministry of Health and Population Chief Nursing Administrator ishworids@yahoo.com 57 Philippines Balabagno Araceli O., Dr University of the Philippines Manila Dean, College of Nursing balabagno2001@yahoo.com   58 Philippines Bonito Sheila, Dr University of the Philippines, Open University Associate Professor sheila.bonito@upou.edu.ph 59 Philippines Dones Luz Barbara 60 Philippines Evio Bettina bettzo@yahoo.com 61 Philippines Fritsch Kathleen, Ms WHO/WPRO Regional Adviser in Nursing fritschk@wpro.who.int   62 Philippines Tuazon Josefina, Dr University of the Philippines Manila Professor & Dean, College of Nursing jatuazon07@gmail.com 63 Rep. of Korea Yoo Il Young, Dr Yonsei University, College of Nursing Director of WHO CC iyoo@yuhs.ac  64 Rep. of Korea Yoo Myoun‐Ran, Ms Armed Forces Nursing Academy Director, Nursing Department 7179ymr@hanmail.net  65 Samoa Scanlan‐Lui June, Mrs National Health Services Principal Nurse junes@nhs.gov.ws  66 Samoa Stowers Pelenatete, Mrs Health Services Performance, QA, Ministry of Health A/CEO,  pelenatetes@health.gov.ws  67 Singapore Tan Pauline, Ms Office of the Director of Medical Services Chief Nursing Officer Pauline_Tan@moh.gov.sg    68 Solomon Is. Isom Verzilyn, Ms  Solomon Islands College of Higher Education Head, School of Nursing and Health  Studies snhs@siche.edu.sb  69 Solomon Is. Larui Michael, Mr Ministry of Health and Medical Services National Director of Nursing mlarui@moh.gov.sb 70 Sri Lanka Siriwardena Somalatha, Lt Col  Ministry of Health, Education, Training and Research  Unit Director of Nursing (Education) siriwardenasomalatha@gmail.com 71 Thailand Chonsok Walaipan Praboromarojchanok Institute for Health Workforce Teaching Staff, Boromarajonani College  of Nursing  Moddy_mot@hotmail.com: walaipanchonsok@yahoo.com 72 Thailand Thosingha Orapan, Dr The Faculty of Nursing (Siriraj), Mahidol University Assistant Professor orapan.tho@mahidol.ac.th   73 Timor Leste Imaculada Luisa, Ms 74 Vanuatu Matariki Leipakoa, Mrs Vila Central Hospital Hospital Manager lmatariki@vanuatu.gov.vu 75 Viet Nam Nguyen Bich Luu, Ms Ministry of Health, Admin for Medical Service Chief of Nursing Office  luu1705@gmail.com 76 Viet Nam Nguyen Thanh Thuy, Ms Hanoi Medical College Head of Fundamental Nursing  Department thuycdythn@gmail.com  77 Hawaii, USA Qureshi Kristine, Dr School of Nursing, University of Hawaii at Manoa  Associate Professor kqureshi@hawaii.edu  ANNEX 2 ANNEX 3 APEDNN ACTION PLANS, RESEARCH INTERESTS 2012 A w a r e n e s s r a i s i n g , a d v o c a c y P l a n n i n g a n d p o l i c y - m a k i n g C o m p e t e n c y a n d c a p a c i t y a s s e s s m e n t c a p a c i t y , b u i l d i n g , e v a l u a t i o n C o m m u n i t y c o l l a b o r a t i o n , a s s e s s m e n t C o m m u n i t y r e s i l i e n c e P s y c h o s o c i a l h e a l t h a n d d i s a s t e r s C o m m u n i c a t i o n , d i s s e m i n a t i n g i n f o r m a t i o n V u l n e r a b l e p o p u l a t i o n s , p e r s o n s w i t h d i s a b i l i t i e s Bangladesh Nursing competencies (Dhaka Medical College nurses) Emergency preparedness perceptions of community Self-reliance of people (and disasters) Psychosocial effects in disaster area Bhutan Community nurses knowledge, skills Cambodia IPC; nursing capacity assessment China- Shandong University Coordinate emergency response and disaster related curricular improvements, cpacity-building Psychosocial interventions for communities Strengthen APEDNN website. Cook Islands Orientation to MOH, national disaster plans, policies. Ongoing disaster training and drills for hospital nurses. DPR Korea Development of disaster nursing model for pre-service and in- service education Psycho-social prepared-ness of nurses Hong Kong, China Support finalization, launch of IPC curriculum (POLHN) Pilot disaster training programme for civilians. Assess possible need for APEDNN disaster research repository Pilot disaster nursing training programme. Indonesia Tool development to measure hospital preparedness for disaster Efficacy of disaster nursing courses Japan— University of Hyogo Health status research of persons with disabilities post disasters Kiribati Assess disaster manage- ment structures in country Develop emergency, disaster nursing committee, plan Capacity-building of nurses: emergencies /disasters Republic of Korea Collaborate with HKPT University in capacity- building of civilians in disaster resilience. Validate and apply community resilience tools developed in Aus/Flinders U in Korean setting. Lao PDR Establish ED nursing committee Nursing capacity assessment IPC assessment Maldives Nurses perception of disaster prepared- ness Republic of the Marshall Islands Look at national, MOH disaster policies. Formulate strategic plan with nurses Myanmar Psychosocial consequences post bombings Philippines Validation of disaster and emergency nursing competency in the BSN curriculum IPC assessment (Research on hand hygiene) Capacity assessment on community resilience Validation and adaptation of WHO psychological first aid Samoa Capacity-building of nurses in disaster nursing, including rural nurses. Evaluation of skil- building. Solomon Islands Curricular review, capacity assessment Community-based participatory research Sri Lanka Disaster nursing pre-service, graduate and short course development. Confidence, self-efficacy of nursing tutors in teaching disaster courses Thailand Undergraduate needs assessment, nursing colleges Capacity-building of village health workers in disasters Psychosocial support post disaster for people in shelters. Nursing capacity-building in caring for persons with NCDs, disabilities, other vulnerabilities. National nursing association support to nurse in coping with stress of disaster work. Capacity-building in caring for persons with NCDs, disabilities, other vulnerabilities. Timor Leste Disaster nursing curriculum development. Tonga Briefing report to CNO. Set up task force. Develop action plan for competency development and training. Vanuatu Awareness-raising with nurses, midwives; meeting with nurse managers Training of nurses, midwives Vietnam Present research result (of capacity assessment, building) to MOH, VNA Survey assessment of capacities. Review nursing training curriculum related to EDN IPC: Infection prevention and control EDN: Emergency and disaster nursing