Recommendations concerning the entomological system

al RECOMME}IDATIONS CONCERNING THE ENTOMOLOGICAL EVALUATION SYSTEM BY K. MULLEN, STATISTICIAN OCP M. LOSSKY OCP J. DUPUY DTP (OCP) a!tC ni_.q-r/'^tJ' : ^l)q.= i\ u\ r_ tr_t, . ^. t2y'2746r 00166 (-) t rlb I ocpettOCP/STA/82.1 &4! tS <liq -) I ) a CC::T:i:T:J 1. InErodutcCi.on 2 Eval.uacion of the Policv of ReCucing Ehe )lumber of Sices 3. Evalu:rrion of rhe Po1-ic1.of P.educing rhe ilumhcr of Visits pcr nonch Er.,al.uation oi the Poijcv of leducing the i'ltrnher of Hours of caichin3 per visit 5. Conclusioas 6. P.eferences 4 IInE rod tlc c ion I have received and revier.'ed the consultanr 's reporc of Dr J. Davies, \.rriEten during his visiE E.o Che OCP area be.'i""n 21 Febnrar;r and 23 March Lg82, in which he suggesEs several possible trays oi reducing the amounE of surveillance (and consequently of reclucing the associated costs)' -': : .'. .: .. 'i- - -r:r'-- ' Dr Davies and I have worked closely on this '.I have no negaEive commenEs to give' In facE I .: comprehensive ancl coapleEe and suggests several stud-v since it s incePtion .and think that che scudY is possible methods and be irnplernenEedEions of methods tshi ch could and should ..- - -:.- - j-- .: : - .. -. : . :- , .' icle is to quaniita (a) the reduction of rrisits and (c) t purpose of Ehis arE ed procedures nanelY on in che frequencY Conc lusion Davies I reduced 1isc. o.f cacchi ng originaI seE vrith negligible changcs - - '. -'. - :'-- el.aluate Ehree - 1f his - , number of sites, (b) the of parcial-daY caEching tiveiy in che he use poincs -may he substicuced for the in tlte decision-naking Process ' 'In Davies Tahle 1 one sees the -list' of oiiginaf sites ( Ehe selecEed (or suggested) reduced lisc of siEes (seve for sub-areas 1, 2, 3, 4r 7r 8, 91 10a and 11a' Inlefc), 2Annual values for all sices in sub-area 1 are given in Table laand Ehose for Davies reduced choice are given in Table Ib. Table Ia Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/A3R 1976-7 7-8 8-9 9-O 5492 8s8 781 185 3 B1 16 10 49 L44 26 t7 72 o.o22 o.030 o.o22 o.039 Table lb Year A3R. AIBRH ATPTI ATPH/.{3R 83 15 11 51 0.021 o.o27 o.02l 0.038 L46 23 T7 75 7-8 8-9 9-0 6892 862 824 L97r L976-7 3Annual values for all siEes in sub-area 2 are given in Table 2a and those for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 2b. Table 2a Table 2b Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR t976-7 184 63 L42 L82 7-8 8-9 9-0 7 3 o 3 11 o.060 0 .095 o.000 o.016 6 o 3 Year A3R. AIBRII ATPH ATPH/A3R L976-7 204 69 L57 L94 7-8 8-9 9-0 8 3 o 3 L2 7 o 3 0 .059 0. 101 0.000 0.015 4Annual values for all siEes in sub-area 3 are given in Table and Ehose for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 3b. Table 3a Table 3b I 3a Year A3R AIBRH ATPI{ ATPH/ABR. Le76-T 7-8 8-9 9-0 t234 503 814 1 100 44 L2 13 24 73 18 26 38 o .059 o.036 0.o32 0.035 Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/A3R 1976-7 L326 469 784 1053 7-8 8-9 9-0 50 18 t2 22 82 28 2L 35 o.062 0.060 o.o27 0.033 a 5 Annual values for all siEes in sub-area 4 are given in Table 4a and those for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 4b. Table 4a Tat'le 4b Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR L976-7 7-8 8-9 9-O 2329 36t7 775 2L48 44 93 13 81 80 ]-67 25 150 0.034 o.046 0.032 0.070 Year ABR. AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR L'.)7 C-7 7-8 8-9 9-O 2556 4260 997 2r50 51 109 15 87 91 190 31 150 o.036 0 .045 0.031 0.070 6 t Annrral values for all sites in sub-area 7 are given in Table 5a and Ehose for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 5b. Table 5a Table 5b Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/A3R r97 6-7 402 387 818 620 7-8 8-9 9-0 19 11 o 7 38 19 o t2 0.095 0 .049 0.000 0 .019 Year ABP. AIBRH ATPH, ATPHiASR L976-7 7-8 8-9 9-O 454 418 448 652 18 11 o 7 40 2l o L4 0.088 o.050 o.ooo 0.021 7Annual values for all sites in sub-area 8 are given in Table 6a and those for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 6b. Table 6a Table 6b Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR t976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 605 976 394 560 T4 23 5 9 24 55 9 I4 o.040 0.057 0.023 0.025 Year ABR. AIBRH ATPII ATPH/ABR. r976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 0-1 688 1035 404 562 522 L7 27 5 9 6 29 59 11 13 7 o.o42 o.057 o.027 o.023 0.013 8Annual values for all siues in sub-area 9 are given in Table 7a and Ehose for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 7b. Table 7a Table 7b Year A3R AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR 1976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 2076 202L LL49 t238 48 54 t4 2L 82 91 23 37 0 .039 0.045 0.020 0.030 Year ABR AIBRTI ATPTT ATPH/ABR L976-7 7-8 8-9 9-O 0-1 L897 2L44 L206 L326 L775 52 6L 13 23 98 82 99 2L 37 138 9Annual values for all sites in sub-area lOa are given in Table 8a and Ehose for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 8b. Table 8a Year ABR AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR 1976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 1628 1085 877 409 54 48 15 11 111 109 26 13 0.068 0.100 0.030 0.032 Table 8b Year A3R. AIBRH ATPII ATPH/A3R L976-7 7-8 8-9 9-C o-1 L936 1136 874 408 457 5,4 48 13 10 U,I 96 113 24 1I 25 0 .050 0.099 o.o27 o.o27 n .1<< 10 Annual values for sites in sub-area Ila are given in Table 9a and those for Davies reduced choice are given in Table 9b. Table 9a Year A3R AIBRH ATPH ATPH/ABR t976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 7090 944 2233 7L3 54 L2 40 13 r13 L6 74 20 0.016 o .017 0.033 0.o28 Table 9b Year A3R. AIBRT{ ATPH ATPH/A3R L976-7 7-8 8-9 9-0 o-1 9 389 1 181 2939 903 2256 72 16 52 15 64 L54 o .015 2L o .018 98 24 115 o .033 o.026 o.051 It Evaltracion of Ehe Po licy of E.educin,q llur:rber of Vi.siEs per MonEh In order Eo evaluaEe the consequences of reducing Ehe number of days catching per monEh aE each siEe, tue Eook all sites listed as Eype A (see l,Iullen, SepEember 19Bl for a comprehensive lisc of such sices) tuhich r'rere selecEcd by Davies. Type A sites are visj.E,ed aE leasE once per r.reek huE much urore f requenclY- -- :' of of Een For the Eruo periods 11/79 to 10/80 and from 11/80 to 10/81 vre Eook the .. values of }tonchly BiEing Rate (MBP.) and I'lonthly Transmission Potential Head (I{TPH) from fiche 5 for each siEe. To ot'tain a reduced number of .visiEs per monEh per sire we eliminated. alt days eTcepE the f _irst d.T:.".."::"1 f .9"-:L": of t.r.ro, Ehree or rnore consecutive days catching (isolated caEching days were of course retained). Thus if original observations took.place on the 7,10, -. 11 ., L4r 15, L6, 20 of the monch tse reEained <lays 7, 10, 14, 20 for reduced' observaEion. This resulted in a reducE,ion of the number of catching days by 382 in 1979-80 an<l 392 ia 1980-81. In general for the r"ir""a pi.r, each"site was inspected on 4 or 5 separate days per month. Davies gives a detailed discussion of this approach. In -A,ppendix 1A.rr€ present bf-site, for 11 /79 co 10/80, by honth, the '' -.-':' number of arys caEching, number caught, MBR and IITP for fhe original (or-. 2. - ... -: ::. llith the excepEion of sice 0702, the differences heErreen the ATP values giveu by ttre originals and hy Elte redtrced are less than 36 points. L2 3' rn no cases did an origi-nal ATp of less rhan 100 change of greaEer rhan 100. rn no cases did an original ATp of ' change to a redr.rced ATp of less than 100. . 't -.t -i gi 4. the numher of <tays of catching for che original <taEa uas the reduced .system iE was 1709, a reducEion of 3gZ. to a reduced ATp greater Ehan 100 2740, r.rhile for Conclusion Based on Ehe atEach.ed 33 catching siEes for II/lg to 1.0/gO, iE is thaE a significant reduction in surveilrance efforE could be nade by eliminacing ca-tching aE any site.on consecutive days. rt appears EhaE, li';i,:.:,.,3'. .3t" nurnber of- <lays of cacching for che original daEa ruas 2g20, i'r,il-'.------ -'- the reduced plan iE was l71L days, a reduction of 392. ,.-1I.?r:...,-;-:.f .^',-'.:;a!'r.1 .-r.r''r .',rF -,'. - 1i'.: :.':..',.-.. .. . -it-'-- ' _-,. ' catching at a siEe for 4 or -5 days interspersed throughour the month wirl as much information as nore freqLlenE, consecutive ohservations. appa re nE vrhile for gi ve a For Appendix 18 the follor.-ing results are available: 1.t,.'n 7 cases rhe reduced plan gave rrigher ATprs than che originars. rn rl cases the reduced gave lower ATP values. rn 15 cases the reduced and ' original ohservaEions gave the sarne ATp values. 2'' AE site 1205 an original ATP of 135 became a reduced ATp of 61. Ar siie 11123 an original ATP of 84 became a redueed. ATp of 105. rn no other casedld an originar ATP of less Ehan 100 change Eo a reduced ATp of more than100- rn no other case did an originar ATp of grearer than 100 change to reduced ATP of less than 100. 13 Conc lrrsion Based on the aEtaclied 33 catching siEes for 11l80 ro 10/8I, it is a2parenE, thaE a significanE reduction in surveillance effort. could be rnade by eliainating caEching at an;r siEe on consecr,rEi're cays. IE appcars EhaE catching ac a sj.Ee for 1+ or 5 d.ays per rnonth lrill give as much infornat:ca as more f-reqlrent, consecutive obser.raEions. EualtraEion of Ehe Po1ic.,'of R.edtrcing the liunher of i{ou:s of Catching pe: I.'isit Davies (seccion parEiaL-day catching throu6hout the day, S . dannosulr hiEing pat terns E he .vea r. If one ccntenplaEed partial-day caEches, one rnight reasonablv consic-er catching during eicher Ehe morning 07.00 Eo 12.00 or the afternoon 12.0C eo 18 . 00. 5.4) has di-csussed in decail the consequences of and the relaEionship of for differenE seasons of I're consid,ered catching cata for the nine sub-areas considererl for the Ehree seesons: Cold (ifonths 11, L2, 1, 2), Hct (iionchs 3, Rai.n (Ilonchs 6, 7, B, 9, I0). Data r"'ere collecred for (a) LL/79 1rl80 Eo 10/81 and (c) LLl79 to 10/31. by Davies 4, 5) and ro 10/s0, (b) I4 Fror,r Ehe data one can very simply plot acEivity graphs (nunber of flics t'erstts hour of Cay);rnd in facL this has l.een clone in a fetr cases (Figures 1, 2 and 3). llore useful is the percenrage of the caEch EhaE. i s raa<le i,l ?tu ,nornir,g anC i.n che af Eernoon. These are gi.ren in Tables 10, 11, L2,13' 14r 15, 15, L7,16, 19, for each sub-area and for rhe roEal of al.1 catching poincs. Fron Tahle 19, ic is clear that Ehe najcriEy of nuLliparous flies are car-rght in rhe afEernoon for all Ehree seasons (co1d s:eson 822, hot seasoa 72i/. and rainy season 7sit'). Parous f lies are caught nore evenllj throughout the <ra;r during the hoc and Ehe rainy seasons, buE preclominare Curing che afternoons in che cold season. Percentages of afternoon catches (fron TabLe 19) are: cold season 742, hot season 562, rainy season 542. It is r:or-uh noting Ehac there are ahottE f ive or six Eir.es as t:anv parous as nulliparous flies cartghE, duriilg all seasons. Table la Co lC liot R.ain 79-30 80-81 Totai 79- 3C so-3 i To cal 7 9-S0 80-81 Total Prl (C3nte.!es caugnt for s'-rb-areas b.r Mo rn Lng and AfEe:rocn. Prrous a;rci lilr11j.Darc,-ls; scecies 10i+102 Parous l{u1l- icarc us l:i }lorni.ng ;:. Af cernoon Iloraing Afternoon 32 22 26 68 78 74 19 L6 18 8 31 28 81 84 82 :k 44 44 44 47 45 46 s6 56 56 92 69 72 77 74 75 * ** 53 55 54 23 26 25 iniicaces thae the percentage is based on less than lCC f i i.es PercenEages caught for sub-area I , by Morning and Afternoon, Parous and Nulliparous; species 101+102 Table 1O Indicates that the percentage is based on less than 100 flies * iI Parous Nulliparous Morning Cold 79-80 80-81 Tocal 46 1g* 44 54 g2* 56 22* o* 1g* I 78* 100* g2* 79-80 80-81 TotaL Hot * * * * 40 33* * 37 * 60 67 63 o * o * 100 * 100 79-80 80-81 Toral Rain 49 52 50 51 48 50 * 41 o 32 * * * s9 l_oo 68 * * AfternoonMorning IAfcernoon Table 11 PercenEages caughE for sub-area 2 , by Morning and AfEernoon, Parous and Nulliparous; species 101+1O2 Parous Nul 1 iparous Morning Af EernoonMorning Afternoon *^Ir,di".t.s that the percentaS,e is based on less than 100 flies 79-80 80-81 Total 40 20 33 60 80 67 o 0 o 100 100 Lo0 Cold ,r * ,r * * * * * * * * 79-80 80-81 Total 46 50 47 54 50 53 o 50 29 100 50 7L Hot * * * * * * * * * * * * o * 0 43 58 46 * * ,t 100 Loo 57 * 42 54 79-80 80-81 Tocal Rain * i Percentages cauqht for sub-area j r Morning and Afternoon, Parous and Nulliparous spec ies 101+l-02 Table 12 Indicaces that the Percentage is based on less than 100 flies * AfternoonAfEernoon I"lorningMorning Nu1 liparousParous 100 100 100 * * * 50 o 27 * * I * 50 * 100 * 73 o o o * * * 79-80 80-8i Total Cold 79-80 80-81 Total Hoc 75 89 76 * 79-80 80-81 Tocal 52 36 50 48 6tt 50 25 11 24 * Rain I t i I I I I II i I I I I I I t I Percentages cauqht for sub-area 4 , by Morning and Afternoon, Parous and Nrrlliparous; species 101+102 Table 13 ! ^Indi".c"s that the percentage is based on less than 10C flies / Parous Nulliparous 79-8a 80-81 Total Cold * 26 18 2T * 74 82 79 * * 7 L8 15 * 93 82 * * * 85' * * L00 * 82 * 83 * 79-80 80-81 Total o 18 L7 * o o o * Hot * * * l_oo 100 * * 100 Rain 79-80 80-81 Total 57 43 50 43 57 50 2l 19 2L 79 81 79 i I r TabIe 14 Cc id 79-80 e0-3I lorai ?ercencaqes cau;:ht for sub-:rea 7 i1v Yor:'i,Lnq ani -{t-Ee:nocn. P:rous ae..j lllrllioarctrs ; s:ec:les 101+lC2 Pa rcus Nullip.lror-rs t.t Mcrnrns Af;ernoon.; i.:orr.ingl ilte:neon 25 23 24 75 77 76 9 * * 9 9 91 91 91 * * q !{c c 79-3C 30-S1 ToraL * * 62 48 54 38 52 46 * * o 0 100 100 * * * * f.ain 79-.iO 8C-61- Tocal 31 43 34 69 57 66 7 33 19 * * 93 67 81 * ,( + Lil.iica;es chae the Pe-rcenE3gs is based on less tean iCJ flies ,,t ?e rceataqes c.:usht f or s:rb-arc-a 11A' b.r Mo re Ing anC Af te:aoon. ?:i'ons s:rJ l'lrrlliDaror-is I speeies 101-+102 Table 15 Coid Soc Raia Parous i N"Lli^oarous Mcrning Af;ernoo;-' . l.!orning .\ f ie r:no on * * 9079-84 80-3 I ioiai 79-80 3C-8i TcEa! 79-30 80-61 To uai ,k 76 7L 72 L7 16 16 83 84 84 10 20 16 * o * 0 * 24 29 28 84 100 100 * * * * 80 50 38 42 * * * 50 62 58 * * * 33 St, 4s 67 46 55 * Inciicaces thai che PercenEage tOC t-iies is based on less than Pe rce r:t aqes caughr for sub-area 1OA, by }lorntng a:ri Aiie:aoc.n, P.i:'.rL:s a:d i!rrllioarotrs; soecies 10i+102 Table 16 Co Id 79-80 EC-6i Toiai Parous i,lorningiA-f;ernoon! Iiorning Af tarroon I I N"Iliparorts i I :t: * * *24 t2 15 76 88 85 o 22 L7 100 78 83 * * * )t iioc i.ain ? o-:n 80-s 1 Tocal 79-3C 30-41 To:al 30 27 29 43 40 4l * * * 70 73 7L 57 60 59 * * * * * L4 27 2L * 86 * 73 79 Irriic;rces that the Percentage is based on less Ehan LCC flies Table 17 Cc id l{o E Rain * 70-Q11 80-,81 Iv L4l 79-80 80-6 i To ral- 79-SO 8C-8 I Totsl Perccacages ceu,jnt for sub-are:. 8 b.r }larninq ard Afrernoon. P:rot:s ard ilrrlliparcr:s; soecies 101+lC2 Percus i{ul I i parotrs MorninE l-{fa.r*o,r.,! ilcrningi .if.o='rl.oon * 69 75 72 * 31 25 28 7 t7 L2 60 84 80 100 50 54 o 50 23 93 83 88 o 50 46 100 50 77 * * & * & * * * t * * * * I ** 40 15 20 * ,( * * * * 36 35 35 64 65 65 Ind,icaces that Ehe PercenEage is base<i on less than lCC fL:.es ?,:rcencaqes csu'ihE fc: s':b-erea 9 by i'lori:irg anC Af ielnt-'c.n. Paroris a:rci i'luilioal:cus i seeeies 1O1+102 Table 18 ?arous Itorning i N"lliparcrrs ^+f cerncon Cc Ld 79-80 60-3 1 focei (rae 7'l-30 30-8 i Toral r(a1n :9-30 3C-5 1 To ra1 * Inciicaces thac lCC t i i.es 35 25 30 * 65 44 45 36 43 42 65 75 70 26 t4 23 30 30 74 86 77 * * * I I * 35 56 55 70 70 * T 90 75 76 * 64 57 58 10 25 24 Ehe percantage is baseci on iess than : Af ieraoon i iloraing APPENDIX 1A Compa risons of MBR and MTP between AcEual Catching Procedures and those where the Number of Days of Catching has been Reduced. 1979-1980 .: '( :l' -) .-?.7 T {axc 7.rit4(.> ii.cZ e l:'1 LLU I I I .t I i t I _.:-.rJ)- ,( \ --\ - __.: \) ir) D4o .l ,--"i- o : O A iO o o ;O$dl 'O c' I 0-L L I l, tpfcl- cr1 .\9 :-9 ti l: i r I '- 'O O Ooo k_,cA a i cO :l r!li:i!ri ,;ilirl: lt .t t,:il.i: '---- .--..-- r _-oo i , t-l 5 .J , r<1 :^?oo .-O :-9 '._--i-------- -i'i _-.t-----.- -.9 :o+ !-F !OoL;3 -C./ 'il::r ,:ll:!li :l t: '\n i; :\.!\n{l-.qi:i\9+ti Iri : I I I I t-- I I I I9 o, I I r- I I i t I I I I I ,l rI2b \rl --l--. 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'I JiC -p? 3,7,4d t?r a- ICI r, oH i T fD:-P5) 1 i 1ao414 ('t,;il2 J 1 4 ? ? rZdr7,7',Za'7, I Y,: '"\-' : -r-r ,E ,\} Ir Ilr .-l_-). t '; )l,*)--'.-t- :J.l-lI lJ O. o :O q c'c t :-- r I ( I --':- I --. -- t: ',-{ ct !l o :F \ 9 I ) 2'? -ilI d '5 -JZ;t.i rri', -j ,1: fa- +41, i { g n??qi\l'.c it t I ! ! 1. F{(, !J oH \ J 1) L> '23err.j'.-3f Z P l:1 N' t:- L:" r?r+j(crii G l., oH .J.._? -, ir ( 2 ) :r-).)()* -> (/1 I -;.'t t, :. I f< -v5 7 OC,;C n0 I .t I ' F{l Gu o :F{ ?ri T{?ti./-,4de'"i'c:.1----:-.----' ' _ '_'_''__ :'-' ' ,2i J /r, -:,3e,J6'4Z P t'- u' I i: ,o -'^ i i. - :.i.... " ..- .....i. ::.-:.1..;;. ... ...---id-.-.' .:j.-:: . ":'.'r_'. .... '',..:.''{d "'1-;',1i:' --r-n L.::-.os*' APPENDIX 18 Comparison of MBR and MPT beEween Ac tual Catching Procedures and those where Ehe Number of Davs of Catchins has been Reduced. 1980-81 vGtr c H. 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I I IA .(l TJ o F+ 2 j 1),2Z A n u'-- co& 5- --.\J) r7 e, >td4',Rc aoooolocococo I o C-I .-.-..,_. . u -+)i( .\\ +\ , - --.-..-. .J -.. ^ ..)' iLi_)_, d::-/| : ,\) : :.. r : - , r ,..-a-, 1 : _it, cl<' \.n \5 0 0 t r; t o 'o € c({. o4N rtl I I I ! o o (y- r-l .\g \n ro + .J -9 \)) \' gt n -9 atl oH7 O t:l u'{ '? ?'1 T {u>uuca4d$dc og\ ; , 5 5- tr w ,ja c 3 ''J .( r{ :- N' i--' O __.ll .---.-o -- \o -= -r.it E .1- L- _- - ca f\ tf 3 + co {.l o o .f v 5 , c- n '(n I --J a .n J 9 cr 3I Clt ) + JI ,1 d a o f il'-It ( o ,h o .l .s a rn - - 'a\ .l vcr&e tnl ,.-) la-t -' al \ - -.fi\ 9 N \ :.. l-' ts -' -'-''? :. :--il: ..'.-a r- ta v' c t: (n * J o x ct v ? 3 ,9 LL rrlt -n Jt5&/ rc{t\at'. ,i= '-, f\ ,$ o d o N \9 .o N g o6l q/ -+ x-.-. --*(+ o sndo + d a + ,- ---:' $ ---.'-.-:-:----: 3o )/ t, 'r< 3 o bd e- il ft'- 9 \s .. o9e2 ,-? * -.J 9e-Lo f1 d a x. 'r$ ., ,J 0- co ,l x 'l -a 4 ()I o a{ .n i-- r I , '-,r--- - 2 ':.-.:- a?;-*-: +;;-i,l:- -.d '':..i:-L: ..4- '-.,iitl..:.._ ' t'l - ..- ..; -:i--'1:-: ;.I , - .-.----.---..-x ,v /c -9 '-f, ! / x lc\ Y ,) rn r-L Y o .tA o CA rt o \9 6 o * o o .6) -FI-+ .^l 4J & tJJ \s.. t t ,( -Ei.i'.- i.,',:i': -- -. co :':-'f '--- ': - , -7 * -e -C-'-. i i \$td , $ .) .{ -._ 1e- It * It a rn l't J- d + ,1 d a + a. : .t\I ,)J c €.. fn -l':': in "- J o , d o $3+I o b 'rttr o o e.l;q e t\ .t t - t. :\ .i\ -- -- t t ', ' ::- -: . 'r- -: l---...-: -.--r- J- I a t Conclusions 1. Reducing the number of catching sites results the nr.mber of flies caught nor in the ABR and ATP. preferred method of reduction. in almost no change in I recormend it as the 2. Reducing the nr.rmber of catching days per site, peE month, reduces the number of flies caught and hence increases the imprecisipn with which the ATP is calculated. However, as seen in the daEa of Appendices 1A and 18 no major errors would have been nade if the reduced plan had been used instead of the actual p1an. I recommend it. as a secondary method of reduction. 3. Reducing the number of hours per day during which catching is done has the same merits and demerits as reducing the number of catching days per site. It would (as Davies points out) reduggthe.r.umber of flies caught and hence would increase 6[9 i-mprecision with which the.ATP iis calculated. However, there is no reason to believe that it would adversely affect the decision-making process (whereby ATP's are compared to 1OO to see if a site is under control or not). The major disadvantage of changing the number of hours of catching per day would be the necessity of changing Ehe critical ATP from 1OO to some fraction of 100. For insEance, if we collecEed only in t.he afternoon, then since the percentage of parous flies caught in the afternoons are 74, 55, 54 for cold, hoE and rainy seasons respecEively (Table 1a), the critical ATPfs would be 76, 56 and 54 (and nor 1OO) for those t,hree seasons. I recormend that chis reduction be given the lowest priority. .1t References I 2 Davies, J.B. (March 1982). A critical study of the OCP Entomological Evaluacion System (Consultantship Report). MuIlen, K. (September 1981). Some Techniques for Combining Entomological Data from Several Cacching Points and the Effects of such Combination (Internal OCP reporE).