Index medicus for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: with abstract: IMEMR current content

ISSN: 2071-2510 IMEMR Current Contents December 2011 Vol. 10 No.4 Providing Access to Health Knowledge to Build a Healthy Future For further information contact: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Health Publications, Production & Dissemination (HPD) Library & Health Literature Services (LHL) Abdul Razzak Al-Sanhouri Street, P.O. Box 7608, Nasr City, Cairo 11371, Egypt http://www.emro.who.int/lin e-mail: hpd@emro.who.int Tel: +20 2 22765047 Fax: +20 2 22765424 Index Medicus for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region with Abstracts IMEMR Current Contents December 2011 Vol. 10 No. 4 © World Health Organization 2011 All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from Health Publications, Production and Dissemination, World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, P.O. Box 7608, Nasr City, Cairo 11371, Egypt (tel: +202 2670 2535, fax: +202 2670 2492; email: PAM@emro.who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce, in part or in whole, or to translate publications of WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to Regional Adviser, Global Arabic Programme, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, at the above address: email: WAP@emro.who.int  Design, layout and printing by WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt ISSN: 2071-2510 i Table of Contents IMEMR Current Contents ..................................................................................................... v Subject Index ....................................................................................................................... ix Abetalipoproteinemia ...................................................................................................................... 1 Acantholysis ................................................................................................................................... 1 Accidents, Traffic ............................................................................................................................ 1 Achilles Tendon .............................................................................................................................. 2 Acne Keloid .................................................................................................................................... 3 Acrylic Resins ................................................................................................................................. 3 Acute Kidney Injury ......................................................................................................................... 3 Alzheimer Disease .......................................................................................................................... 4 Amphipod ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Anal Canal ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Aneurysm ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Antibiotic Prophylaxis ..................................................................................................................... 5 Anxiety ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Arteriovenous Fistula ...................................................................................................................... 6 Asbestosis ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Aspergillosis ................................................................................................................................... 6 Asthma ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Babesiosis ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Balanitis .......................................................................................................................................... 8 BCG Vaccine .................................................................................................................................. 8 Biliary Atresia .................................................................................................................................. 8 Biliary Tract Neoplasms .................................................................................................................. 9 Blepharoptosis ................................................................................................................................ 9 Blood Cell Count ............................................................................................................................. 9 Blood Glucose .............................................................................................................................. 10 Blood Transfusion ......................................................................................................................... 10 Brain ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Breast Neoplasms ........................................................................................................................ 11 Breast Self-Examination ............................................................................................................... 11 Brucellosis .................................................................................................................................... 11 Calcium Carbonate ....................................................................................................................... 12 Camels ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Candida albicans .......................................................................................................................... 13 Capsule Endoscopy ...................................................................................................................... 13 Cardiovascular Diseases .............................................................................................................. 14 Carnitine ....................................................................................................................................... 14 Central Nervous System Neoplasms ............................................................................................ 14 Cerebral Hemorrhage ................................................................................................................... 15 Chewing Gum ............................................................................................................................... 15 Child Welfare ................................................................................................................................ 15 Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ................................................................................................... 16 Chronic Periodontitis .................................................................................................................... 17 Ciliary Body .................................................................................................................................. 17 Cleft Lip ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Colonorchis Sinensis .................................................................................................................... 18 Communicable Diseases .............................................................................................................. 18 Congenital Abnormalities .............................................................................................................. 18 Contraception Behavior ................................................................................................................ 19 Coronary Angiography .................................................................................................................. 19 Cosyntropin .................................................................................................................................. 19 Craniopharyngioma ...................................................................................................................... 20 Crying ........................................................................................................................................... 20 ii Dacryocystorhinostomy ................................................................................................................ 20 Deafness ...................................................................................................................................... 21 Death, Sudden .............................................................................................................................. 21 Delusions ...................................................................................................................................... 21 Dental Arch ................................................................................................................................... 22 Dental Leakage ............................................................................................................................ 22 Dermatitis, Allergic Contact .......................................................................................................... 22 Dermoid Cyst ................................................................................................................................ 23 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ............................................................................................................. 23 Diabetic Retinopathy .................................................................................................................... 23 Dietary Fats, Unsaturated ............................................................................................................. 24 Diphosphonates ............................................................................................................................ 24 Disability Evaluation ..................................................................................................................... 24 Domestic Violence ........................................................................................................................ 25 Dyskinesias .................................................................................................................................. 25 Ectodermal Dysplasia ................................................................................................................... 25 Endodermal Sinus Tumor ............................................................................................................. 26 Endometrial Neoplasms ............................................................................................................... 26 Endophthalmitis ............................................................................................................................ 27 Entamoebiasis .............................................................................................................................. 27 Eosinophilic Granuloma ................................................................................................................ 27 Eyelids .......................................................................................................................................... 28 Falconiformes ............................................................................................................................... 28 Fascioliasis ................................................................................................................................... 28 Fibroadenoma .............................................................................................................................. 28 Ficus ............................................................................................................................................. 29 Filariasis ....................................................................................................................................... 29 Fishes ........................................................................................................................................... 29 Fissure in Ano ............................................................................................................................... 30 Flax ............................................................................................................................................... 30 Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary .................................................................................................. 30 Fractures, Open ............................................................................................................................ 31 Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ................................................................................................................ 31 Gait ............................................................................................................................................... 32 General Surgery ........................................................................................................................... 32 Giardiasis ...................................................................................................................................... 33 Goiter, Nodular ............................................................................................................................. 33 Graves Ophthalmopathy ............................................................................................................... 34 Halitosis ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Headache Disorders ..................................................................................................................... 35 Health Status Disparities .............................................................................................................. 35 Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ....................................................................................................... 35 Heart Diseases ............................................................................................................................. 36 Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ........................................................................................................ 36 Hemorrhoids ................................................................................................................................. 36 Hepatitis B virus ............................................................................................................................ 37 Hepatitis C Antibodies .................................................................................................................. 37 Hepatitis, Viral, Human ................................................................................................................. 37 Herpes Zoster ............................................................................................................................... 38 Hyperpigmentation ....................................................................................................................... 38 Industerial Waste .......................................................................................................................... 39 Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ................................................................................................. 39 Interferon Type I, Recombinant .................................................................................................... 39 Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic ........................................................................................................ 40 Intubation, Intratracheal ................................................................................................................ 40 Isotretinoin .................................................................................................................................... 41 Kidney Failure, Chronic ................................................................................................................ 41 Leg Length Inequality ................................................................................................................... 42 Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous ........................................................................................................... 42 Leptin ............................................................................................................................................ 43 Lice Infestations ............................................................................................................................ 44 iii Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe ..................................................................................... 44 Lipoproteins .................................................................................................................................. 44 Liver Neoplasms ........................................................................................................................... 45 Lizards .......................................................................................................................................... 45 Mediastinoscopy ........................................................................................................................... 45 Medical Informatics ....................................................................................................................... 46 Meibomian Glands ........................................................................................................................ 46 Melanosis ..................................................................................................................................... 46 Metabolic Syndrome X ................................................................................................................. 47 Metabolism, Inborn Errors ............................................................................................................ 47 Microbial Sensitivity Tests ............................................................................................................ 48 Migraine Disorders ....................................................................................................................... 48 Minocycline ................................................................................................................................... 48 Misoprostol ................................................................................................................................... 49 Mite-Infestations ........................................................................................................................... 50 Monoterpenes ............................................................................................................................... 50 Myocardial Infarction .................................................................................................................... 51 Nanotechnology ............................................................................................................................ 51 Needs Assessment ....................................................................................................................... 51 Nictitating Membrane .................................................................................................................... 52 Nociceptors ................................................................................................................................... 52 Obesity ......................................................................................................................................... 52 Orbit .............................................................................................................................................. 53 Orbital Cellulitis ............................................................................................................................. 53 Oxazolidinones ............................................................................................................................. 53 Pain .............................................................................................................................................. 54 Pallor ............................................................................................................................................ 54 Parkinson Disease ........................................................................................................................ 55 Pericardiectomy ............................................................................................................................ 55 Plants, Medicinal .......................................................................................................................... 55 Pneumoperitoneum ...................................................................................................................... 56 Polymorphism, Genetic ................................................................................................................ 56 Pregnancy, Ectopic ....................................................................................................................... 56 Propofol ........................................................................................................................................ 57 Prostate-Specific Antigen ............................................................................................................. 57 Prostatic Neoplasms ..................................................................................................................... 58 Proton Pump Inhibitors ................................................................................................................. 58 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ............................................................................................................ 58 Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum ......................................................................................................... 59 Public Health ................................................................................................................................ 59 Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ..................................................................................... 59 Pulmonary Emphysema ............................................................................................................... 60 Renal Dialysis ............................................................................................................................... 60 Resilience, Psychological ............................................................................................................. 61 Respiratory Tract Infections .......................................................................................................... 61 Root Canal Filling Materials .......................................................................................................... 61 Root Canal Preparation ................................................................................................................ 62 Rotavirus Infections ...................................................................................................................... 63 Saliva ............................................................................................................................................ 63 Scabies ......................................................................................................................................... 64 Schistosoma mansoni .................................................................................................................. 64 Schizophrenia ............................................................................................................................... 64 School Health Services ................................................................................................................ 65 Sexual Behavior ........................................................................................................................... 65 Sinusitis ........................................................................................................................................ 66 Siphonaptera ................................................................................................................................ 66 Skin Diseases ............................................................................................................................... 66 Smoking ........................................................................................................................................ 67 Specimen Handling ...................................................................................................................... 67 Spondylitis, Ankylosing ................................................................................................................. 67 Stomach Neoplasms .................................................................................................................... 68 iv Stroke ........................................................................................................................................... 68 Students ....................................................................................................................................... 69 Suicide .......................................................................................................................................... 69 Suicide, Attempted ....................................................................................................................... 70 Surgical Wound Infection .............................................................................................................. 70 Tension-Type Headache .............................................................................................................. 70 Thioctic Acid ................................................................................................................................. 71 Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ................................................................................................ 71 Thyroid Gland ............................................................................................................................... 71 Thyrotoxicosis ............................................................................................................................... 72 Toxoplasmosis .............................................................................................................................. 72 Tranexamic Acid ........................................................................................................................... 73 Transplantation, Autologous ......................................................................................................... 73 Trematoda .................................................................................................................................... 73 Trichomonas vaginalis .................................................................................................................. 74 Trypanosomiasis .......................................................................................................................... 74 Tuberculosis ................................................................................................................................. 74 Tuberculosis, Cutaneous .............................................................................................................. 74 Tuberculosis, Lymph Node ........................................................................................................... 75 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ....................................................................................................... 75 Urinary Tract Infections ................................................................................................................ 76 Urticaria ........................................................................................................................................ 76 Uterine Neoplasms ....................................................................................................................... 76 Varicocele ..................................................................................................................................... 77 Violence ........................................................................................................................................ 77 Vitiligo ........................................................................................................................................... 78 Weight Loss .................................................................................................................................. 78 Wichereria Bancrofti ..................................................................................................................... 79 Wounds and Injuries ..................................................................................................................... 79 Zinc ............................................................................................................................................... 80 Appendix I: Author Index ................................................................................................... 81 Appendix II: List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by country) ............................... 99 Appendix III: List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by title) ................................... 115 v IMEMR Current Contents Rationale The Index Medicus for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) has sustained its indexing policy, which has made it a vital current awareness information tool, for technical staff of the Regional Office, health care staff, and medical professionals who are able now to access heath literature published in the Region as soon as it is published. A document delivery service to support the Index has also been activated which will enable any user to acquire a copy of any article listed in the Index. The cumulative version of the Index Medicus is available now on the Internet as part of EMRO web site. A CD-ROM version of the same is also being provided upon request. Scope and Coverage The IMEMR Current Contents is issued on a quarterly basis including the most recent articles added to Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) Database1. Indexing Level Each article has been indexed and assigned to a “Main Heading”, plus added headings according to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) list of the National Library of Medicine (NLM). Up to five added headings (including the respective country) have been allowed. Subheadings (or qualifiers) are used in indexing to qualify MeSH headings by pinpointing some specific aspects of the concept represented by the heading, e.g. “LIVER-Drug Effects” indicates that the article is not about the liver in general, but about the effect of drugs on the liver. Organization of the IMEMR Subject Index The Index is organized in alphabetical order, according to the Main Subject Headings (MeSH). In most cases one main subject is assigned to each article. Under the main subject, entries are sorted by Subheading in alphabetical order also. Each entry includes the bibliographic information of the article e.g. title of the article, author(s), first author’s affiliation, journal title, year (date of publication), volume number, issue number, page numbers, number of references, subject descriptors and geographic descriptors. Abstracts have been added and are searchable on the database on the Internet. (as shown in Figure 1) Author Index The IMEMR includes the author’s index, which also indicates the subjects covered by each author. (Appendix I) List of EMR Journals by Country The IMEMR includes an updated list of EMR Journals, which are indexed in the index. The list is sorted in alphabetical order by the country of publication, which also indicates the number of journals in each country. (Appendix II) List of EMR Journals by Title The IMEMR includes an updated list of EMR Journals, which are indexed in the index. The list is sorted in alphabetical order by journal’s title, which also indicates the status of indexing for each journal. (Appendix III) Computer facilities The Current Contents has been produced using the UNESCO WINISIS package. Countries or journals publishers interested in a subset of the database may be provided with data sets in WINISIS format upon request.                                                              1  Including the countries of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen  vi Availability of photocopies Photocopies of articles cited in IMEMR may be obtained from EMRO Library free of charge upon request. Availability on the Internet This issue, as well as all forthcoming issues, will appear in WHO/EMRO web site on the Internet, as part of the complete edition of the Index. Internet address is http://www.emro.who.int/HIS/VHSL/Imemr.htm    Figure (1): Sample of IMEMR citation Antibodies, Antinuclear Main Subject Heading Keywords: Arthritis, Rheumatoid-diagnosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic-diagnosis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Crithidia; Fluorescent Antibody Technique Descriptors Abstract: To study the correlation between enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and immunofluoresencent [IF] anti-dsDNA antibody measurement in different diseases. One hundred and forty sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE, n=40], rheumatoid arthritis [RA, n=30], disease control [n=40] and from healthy control subjects [n=30] were included. Using the ELISA, serum anti-dsDNA was detected in 24/40 [60%] SLE, 5/30 [16.6%] RA, 9/40 [22.5%] disease controls and 1/30 [3.3%] of normal healthy controls. When IF assay was employed, anti-ds DNA antibodies were detected in 16/40 [40%] SLE, 3/30 [10%] RA, 5/40 [12.5%] disease controls but none in the normal subjects. These results suggest that both ELISA and IF techniques can be used for the measurement of anti- ds DNA antibodies in clinical laboratories and, these antibodies are not unique to SLE.  Abstract immunology Subheading Title Evaluation of anti-DS DNA antibodies in anti-nuclear antibody positive Omani patients. Journal Title Year Issue Pages No. of References Volume Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2007; 23 (2): 211-215 (22 ref.) Author(s) Alnaqdy, Adel; Al Busaidy, Juma; Hassan, Batool First author's e-mail address E-mail:aalwan@squ.edu.om First author's affiliation Sultan Qaboos University - College of Medicine and Health Sciences - Department of Microbiology and Immunology Subject Index

IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   1 Abetalipoproteinemia complications Rickets and dysmorphic findings in a child with abetalipoproteinemia. Al Mendalawi, Mahmood D.; Hasosah, Mohammed Y. Baghdad University - Al Kindy College of Medicine - Department of Paediatrics Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 428 (4 ref.) Keywords: Rickets-complications; Rickets-pathology; Infant Acantholysis Internal cantholysis for full thickness eyelid defects. Mehta, Milap P.; Lewis, Craig D.; Perry, Julian D. E-mail:mehtam3@ccf.org Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute - Oculoplastics Division SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 31-36 (14 ref.) Keywords: Eyelids-surgery; Eyelids-abnormalities; Wound Healing Abstract: Eyelid reconstruction requires an understanding of normal eyelid anatomy and function. A thorough understanding of the basic anatomy, contour, and mobility of the eyelids is essential in restoring the tissue to its presurgical level. There are many different surgical options to assist in the repair of full thickness eyelid defects involving the margin. Direct wound closure depends on eyelid laxity and is often possible with smaller defects. Moderate to larger sized defects are often under undue wound tension if direct closure is attempted. We have developed a new technique for closure of eyelid defects using a transconjunctival cantholysis to release the lateral canthal tendon cruces, thereby avoiding the external incision while still allowing for eyelid mobility. Using this technique for defects 15 mm in horizontal eyelid margin length or greater, we have found positive results. Direct closure of eyelid defects represents the most straightforward technique to repair any full-thickness eyelid defect and provides maximal functional and cosmetic results. Internal cantholysis represents an excellent option for repairing smaller and even larger full thickness eyelid defects. Eyelid mobility increases by 4-10 mm, sometimes more, and allows for closure of defects larger than even 20 mm. Accidents, Traffic Traumatic injuries in pregnant women: a case of motor vehicle accident for "ground round" discussion. Ahmadi, Alireza; Fakheri, Taravat; Amini Saman, Javad; Amanollahi, Omid; Mordi, Mahmoudreza; Nasrabadi, Maryam Almasi; Gholipour, Yousef; Dehghani, Reza; Bazargan Hejazi, Shahrzad E-mail:ahmadiar1012@yahoo.com Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences - Imam Reza Hospital - Department of Anesthesiology Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 55-59 (5 ref.) Keywords: Wounds and Injuries; Pregnant Women Abstract: The main objective for introducing this case study is to create a platform from which the importance of road traffic related injuries and traumas can be emphasized and discussed within and across various fields of investigation. The long term goal is to entice public campaign around unmet needs for higher road safety measures to reduce primary, secondary, and tertiary risks of injuries and traumas. a 28-year-old pregnant woman with a 16-week gestational age fetus was involved in a road car crash resulting in multiple traumas. Evaluation and treatment was initiated in the local Urgent Care Unit and continued in the emergency department and operation room. Patient underwent the following procedures: laparotomy, diverting colostomy, terminating pregnancy, right calcaneal traction and long leg splint, as well as multiple irrigation-debridements. Finally, the wound was left open and the patient was admitted to Intensive Care Unit. We hope that the introduction of this case for a "Ground Round" discussion will stir up a comprehensive discussion regarding the injury and trauma related preventive measures as well as treatment approaches in cases involving pregnant women in car accidents, and will bring about a holistic overview of this issue by the experts in various fields. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   2 mortality Accident reconstruction of some uncommon spinal injuries in auto-crashes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Al Shammari, Naif K.; Hassan, Ahamedali; Clive, N.; Al Mejrad, Ali S. E-mail:kh_330@hotmail.com School of Mechanical Engineering Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 415-416 (4 ref.) Keywords: Spinal Cord Injuries-surgery; Spinal Cord Injuries-etiology; First Aid; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Spinal Fractures-surgery statistical and numerical data Road traffic injuries in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan. Farooq, U.; Bhatti, J.A.; Siddiq, M.; Majeed, M.; Malik, N.; Razzak, J.A.; Khan, M.M. E-mail:dr_umar_farooq@yahoo.com Holy Family Hospital EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 647-653 (35 ref.) Keywords: Accidents, Traffic-classification; Cross-Sectional Studies; Accidents, Traffic-mortality; Age Distribution; Sex Distribution Abstract: Data on road traffic accident [RTA] injuries and their outcome are scarce in Pakistan. This study assessed patterns of RTA injuries reported in Rawalpindi city using standard surveillance methods. All RTA injury patients presenting to emergency departments of 3 tertiary care facilities from July 2007 to June 2008 were included. RTA injuries [n=19 828] accounted for 31.7% of all injuries. Among children aged 0-14 years females suffered twice as many RTA injuries as males [21.3% versus 11.4%], whereas this trend reversed for the age group 15-24 years [41.9% versus 21.7%]. One-fifth of injuries were either fractures or concussion. Severity and outcome of injuries were worse for the age group 45 years and older. For every road traffic death in Rawalpindi city, 29 more people were hospitalized and 177 more received emergency department care. These results suggest the need for better RTA injury surveillance to identify preventive and control measures for the increasingly high road disease burden in this city. Achilles Tendon ultrasonography Comparison of clinical and sonographical findings of Achilles tendon involvement in newly diagnosed and established cases of psoriasis. Abbas, Muhammad; Suhail, Majid; Ejaz, Amer; Shaikh, Zafar Iqbal; Minhas, Azhar Hosain; Dar, Nasser Rashid; Nazad, Simeen E-mail:abbasnaqvi11@yahoo.com Combined Military Hospital - Dermatology Department JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 16-21 (14 ref.) Keywords: Arthritis, Psoriatic-ultrasonography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Age Distribution; Severity of Illness Index; Arthritis, Psoriatic-diagnosis Abstract: To compare the clinical and sonographical findings of Achilles tendon involvement in newly diagnosed [disease duration <6 months] and established psoriatic patients [disease duration >5years]. This cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out in Departments of Dermatology and Radiology, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, over a period of six months. 70 patients of psoriasis were divided into two groups comprising 35 patients in each. Group I patients were newly diagnosed cases while group II included the established psoriatic patients. All patients with clinical and histological evidence of psoriasis were included. Patients with history of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or foot trauma were excluded. Detailed history and complete clinical examination was carried out as per pro forma. The condition was considered symptomatic when there was tendon swelling, pain, tenderness or functional impairment. Ultrasound of Achilles tendon was done, keeping patient in prone position by using Pro Sound SSD 5500 Toshiba ultrasonographic machine with high frequency probe [7.5MHz] to assess findings of Achilles tendon in psoriatic patients. Fibrillar tendon structures, tendon thickness, peritenon, and bursae were evaluated. On clinical assessment 1 [2.8%] patient in group I and 5 [14.3%] patients in group II had Achilles tendon involvement. On ultrasonographic assessment, 3 [8.5%] patients in group I and 15 [42.8%] patients in group II showed involvement of Achilles tendon [p <0.05]. Achilles tendon involvement occurs in significant number of patients with long standing psoriasis as compared to newly diagnosed cases. It also revealed that enthesitis progresses with the duration of disease. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   3 Acne Keloid diagnosis Acne keloidalis nuchae in a Caucasian woman. Akaberi, Ali Akbar; Kafaie, Parichehr; Noorbala, Mohamad Taghi; Binesh, Fariba; Hajihossieni, Hossien Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences - Dermatology Department JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 66-68 (9 ref.) Keywords: Hair Follicle-pathology; Hypertrophy; Cicatrix-etiology; European Continental Ancestry Group Abstract: Acne keloidalis is a chronic inflammatory process involving the hair follicles of the nape of the neck and leading to hypertrophic scarring papules and plaques. Review of the literature shows that this process occurs only in males after puberty, especially in negroes. We, here, report a 31-year-old Caucasian woman who had hypertrophic papules in the nape of her neck since 10 years and histopathological examination confirmed it is as acne keloidalis. This is a rare case hitherto unreported in Caucasian females. Acrylic Resins adverse effects Lower eyelid swelling as a late complication of bio-alcamid filler into the malar area. Alsuhaibani, Adel H.; Alfawaz, Nawaf E-mail:adelsu@yahoo.com King Saud University - King Abdulaziz University Hospital - Department of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 75-79 (18 ref.) Keywords: Eyelids; Retrospective Studies Abstract: To report the late complications associated with permanent filler injections into the malar area for rejuvenation. A retrospective case series of three patients who presented with lower eyelid swelling several years following injection of polyalkylimide [Bio-Alcamid] into the malar area. All patients presented with lower eyelid swelling which developed as a result of spontaneous migration of filler to the lower eyelid. Iatrogenic migration of the filler from the lower eyelid following a trial to remove resulted in an abscess formation which further complicated the removal. Lower eyelid swelling may be one of the late complications associated with the permanent fillers into the malar area. An attempt at removal of filler by aspiration or bimanual expression may result in late migration of the product and the development of eyelid swelling. Acute Kidney Injury [Evaluation of protective effects of postconditioning on ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury]. Najafi, Atefeh; Kadkhodaee, Mehri; Seifi, Behjat; Delavari, Fatemeh; Khastar, Hossien; Shams, Sedigheh; Shahidi, Hamid Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Physiology Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 280-286 (25 ref.) Keywords: Ischemic Postconditioning; Reperfusion Injury; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Nephrectomy; Kidney-pathology Abstract: In recent years, the role of reactive oxygen species [ROS] in ischemia-reperfusion injury [IRI] is established and different methods including ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning [POC] are introduced to reduce the damage. One of the possible protective mechanisms of POC is a reduction in ROS formation. According to the significance and prevalence of renal IRI, in the present study, the protective effect of POC on the reduction of IR- induced renal injury was evaluated. After right nephrectomy, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups [n= 6]. In IR group, with the use of bulldog clamp 45 min of left renal artery was induced followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. In sham group, all of the above surgical procedures were applied except that IR was not induced. In POC group, after induction of 45 min ischemia, 4 cycles of 10 seconds of intermittent ischemia and reperfusion were applied before restoring of blood to the kidney. At the end of the experiments, serum and renal tissue samples were collected for renal functional monitoring and oxidative stress evaluation. POC prevented the IR-induced increase in blood urea Nitrogen and serum creatinine and improved the kidney oxidative status demonstrated by a decrease in malondialdehyde level and an increase in superoxide dismutase. POC has a protective role on renal function by a reduction in IR-induced oxidative stress. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   4 Alzheimer Disease genetics The association between sporadic Alzheimer's disease and the human ABCA1 and APOE gene polymorphisms in Iranian population. Khorshid, H.R. Khorram; Gozalpour, E.; Kamali, K.; Ohadi, M.; Karimloo, M.; Shahhosseiny, M.H. E-mail:hrkk1@uswr.ac.ir University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences - Genetic Research Centre IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 256-262 (31 ref.) Keywords: Polymorphism, Genetic; Risk Factors; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters-genetics; Apolipoproteins E; Carrier Proteins; Exons; Gene Frequency; Case-Control Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease Abstract: Apolipoprotein E [APOE], which its epsilon4 allele has been reported as a risk factor in late onset Alzheimer's disease [AD], is the main cholesterol carrier in the brain. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 [ABCA1] gene on chromosome 9, which has been known by genome-wide AD linkage study, has an important role in cellular cholesterol efflux. This study determines the association between sporadic AD and the human ABCA1 and APOE gene polymorphisms in Iranian population. 154 AD cases and 162 control subjects from Iranian population were genotyped for APOE genotypes and ABCA1 polymorphism [R219K]. The frequency of epsilon2epsilon3 genotype was higher in control subjects comparing AD patients but was not significant [13% versus 5.8%] and epsilon3epsilon4 genotype frequency was significantly higher in AD cases comparing with control subjects. APOE-epsilon2 allele frequency in cases was lower than control subjects but this difference was not significant [4.5% versus 8%]. Individuals carrying epsilon4 allele, developed AD 6.5 times more than non-carriers [OR=6.52, 95%CI=2.63-16.17]. There was no significant association between ABCA1 polymorphism and AD. Unlike other studies, R219K polymorphism was not dependent on gender and APOE-epsilon4 allele and there was no association between APOE and ABCA1 in AD patients compared to controls. Amphipod parasitology Coexistence of two species of haplosporidian parasites in a population of the marine amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis with evidence for parasite phagocytosis and transmission mode. Ismail, Tarek Gad El Kareem Sohag University - Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 227-241 (31 ref.) Keywords: Haplosporida-isolation and purification; Protozoan Infections-transmission; Phagocytosis Abstract: The amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis live hiding underneath stones and shingles along the shore line in supra-littoral zone of Sharm El Nagha site, Hurghada city, Red Sea. The collected specimens of P. hawaiensis are infected with two protozoan parasites, Urosporidium sp. and Haplosporidium sp. which invade many organs of both females and males. The life cycle of the parasites was described in addition to their histopathological effects on host's tissues. The study showed some evidence for the defense reaction of the host as engulfing and degraded stages of parasites by granulocytes. The two parasite species coexist at different prevalence's in one host population and bi- infected individuals were few. Anal Canal pathology [Assessment the relationship between anal stenosis and neonatal colic]. Sayyari, Ali Akbar; Yeganeh, Mehrnoush Hassas; Valaee, Naser Mofid Children Hospital Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 242-246 (19 ref.) Keywords: Colic-etiology; Case-Control Studies; Constriction, Pathologic Abstract: Due to abundance of neonatal colic in neonates, there is a need to discover the etiology of this problem by performing etiologic studies. There are some reports that show the anal stenosis has a probable etiologic role in these colics. This study aimed to determine the relationship between neonatal colic and anal stenosis in the neonates presenting to Mofid children hospital during the spring to autumn of 2009 to determine. This is a case-control study. The case group was the neonates at the age of 3 months or less with a documented diagnosis of neonatal colic. The IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   5 control group was age and sex matched group of neonates with case group, without any neonatal colic. A total of 192 cases were studied and there were 96 cases in each group. Diagnosis of neonatal colic was confirmed by Wessel criteria and that of anal stenosis by bougie. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, and OR was calculated. With respect to age and sex, the cases in two groups were matched. In case group, 23 patients [24%], and in control group 1 patient [1%] had anal stenosis [OR=23; p<0.000]. It appears that neonatal colic and anal stenosis have statistical relationship. Therefore, we recommend clinical trial to assess the etiologic relationship between neonatal colic and anal stenosis. Aneurysm etiology Aneurysm of brachial artery following axillary crutch. Vahedian Ardakani, J.; Vahedian, M.; Nabavizadeh, F. E-mail:jalvahedian@yahoo.com Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Firuzgar Hospital IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 285-286 (7 ref.) Keywords: Brachial Artery-surgery; Crutches-adverse effects; Axillary Artery-injuries; Brachial Artery-pathology; Angiography; Ultrasonography, Doppler Antibiotic Prophylaxis economics Economic burden of inappropriate antibiotic use for prophylactic purpose in Shiraz, Iran. Hatam, N.; Askarian, M.; Moravveji, A.R.; Assadian, O. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Department of Health Management IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 234-238 (22 ref.) Keywords: Costs and Cost Analysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents-therapeutic use; Surgical Wound Infection-prevention and control; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: Because economic data on the prophylactic usage of antibiotic in Iran are scant, we have conducted a cross-sectional study with provider perspective to measure costs and appropriate use of antibiotics in surgical wards of 6 training hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences [SUMS], Iran. Over a six-month period 1,000 consecutive patients undergoing surgical operation were enrolled and information on prophylactic antibiotic administration was collected. The information included basic patient's demographic data, types of surgery, category of antibiotic, dosage, dosage intervals, route of administration, number of doses, initiation times and duration of administration. In order to determine the agreement between prescribed antibiotics and medical indication, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists [ASHP] guidelines were applied. Nine hundred and ninety three out of 1,000 patients [99.3%] had received at least one antibiotic and 908 patients [91.4 %] received antibiotics because of a medical indication. Five out of 913 patients who had indications for antibiotic prophylaxis did not receive any antibiotic. Antibiotics were prescribed for 85 out of 87 [98%] procedures in which an antibiotic was not indicated. The average cost of antibiotic prescription per surgical procedure was 786,936 Iranian Rials [corresponding to 99.60 USD or Eng. pound 82.90]. The most frequent prescribed antibiotic was cefazoline adding 53.3% of the total cost of antibiotics. In total, 36,516,190 Iranian Rials [corresponding to 4,622.95 USD or Eng. pound 3,845.20] were spent for cefazoline alone. The results of this study showed that all surgical patients received at least one antibiotic as prophylaxis for any infection in the surgical site. Our results indicate over- and misuse of antibiotics in Iran leading to a great amount of economic burden, since in 98% of all procedures, antibiotics were used inappropriately. Anxiety physiopathology [Interaction between cannabinoidergic system and H2 receptors in CA1 region upon anxiety-like behaviors in Hole-Board test]. Nasehi, M.; Piri, M.; Shahin, M.; Zarrindast, M.R. E-mail:bionasehi@gmail.com Islamic Azad University - Faculty of Basic Sciences Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 27-36 (46 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   6 Keywords: Neurotransmitter Agents; Cannabinoids; Mice; Receptors, Histamine H2; CA1 Region, Hippocampal Abstract: Cannabinoids produce a wide array of effects on different species and interact with different neurotransmitter systems in the brain. In the present study, the effects of histaminergic and cannabinoidregic systems as well as their interactions on anxiety-related behaviors were examined on mice. In this study, at first mice were anesthetized with intra-peritoneal injection of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine. They were then placed in a stereotaxic apparatus. Two stainless-steel cannuale were placed one mm above CA1 regions of the dorsal hippocampus. After that, seventeen groups of animals were tested with hole board apparatus for measuring anxiety behavior. For the statistical analysis, One-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] and Dunnett's test were used. Intra-CA1 injection of WIN55, 212-2 [0.1, 0.5 microg/mice] did not modify anxiety-related behaviors in mice. But administration of AM251 [25 and 50ng/mice], histamine or ranitidine [5micro g/mice] induced anxiogenic-like response. Also, co- administration of WIN55, 212-2 with histaminergic agents, decreased the anxiogenic-like response of histamine, but not that of ranitidine. Co-administration of an ineffective dose of AM251 with histaminergic drugs did not alter the response induced by these drugs. In all the experiments, locomotor activity was not significantly changed. These results showed that there may be a partial interaction between the cannabinoidergic and the histaminergic systems of the dorsal hippocampus on anxiety-like behaviors. Arteriovenous Fistula diagnosis Spontaneous aortocaval fistula: a case report and literature review. Ravari, H.; Moini, M.; Vahedian, M.; Aliakbarian, M. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences - Imam Reza Hospital - Department of Vascular Surgery IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 276-279 (20 ref.) Keywords: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal-complications; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vena Cava, Inferior; Preoperative Care; Aortic Rupture-complications; Aortic Diseases-diagnosis; Review Literature as Topic Abstract: Spontaneous aortocaval fistula is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We describe two cases of spontaneous aortocaval fistula. The first patient is a woman who was admitted with abdominal pain and pulsatile abdominal mass. Another patient was a man admitted with progressive abdominal pain and hypotension. Computed tomography [CT] scan in both patients showed an infrarenal aortic aneurysm and simultaneous contrast enhancement in the inferior vena cava. Both patients underwent an urgent laparotomy in which the diagnosis of an aortocaval fistula was confirmed. We review the literature on spontaneous aortocaval fistula as a consequence of complicated aortic aneurysms. Asbestosis An elderly man with fibrotic lung disease. Al Otaibi, Sultan T.; Al Khouzaie, Thamer H. E-mail:sultan.otaibi@aramco.com Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization - Dhahran Health Center - Occupational Health Section Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 422-424 (5 ref.) Keywords: Pulmonary Atelectasis; Aged; Lung Diseases Aspergillosis diagnosis Detection of aspergillus by nested assay in bone marrow transplantation [BMT] patients. Teifoori, F.; Roudbar, S.H.; Mohammadi; Sharifi, Z.; Ghaffari, H. Tarbiat Modares University of Medical Sciences - Department of Mycology IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 287-288 (8 ref.) Keywords: Aspergillus-isolation and purification; Bone Marrow Transplantation-adverse effects; Polymerase Chain Reaction; DNA, Fungal-blood IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   7 Asthma etiology Allergenic dermatophagoides mites causing asthma among schoolchildren at Ain-Shams District, Cairo, Egypt. Yassin, Mohammad K. Al Azhar University - Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 47-54 (19 ref.) Keywords: Asthma-parasitology; Child; Schools; Antigens, Dermatophagoides-adverse effects; Mites Abstract: The present study was performed on house dust samples collected from ten homes of schoolchildren suffering from asthma at Ain-Shams district, over a period of two years [2008 and 2009]. The data revealed that the total annual density of the two allergenic mites [Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [Trouessart] and Dermatophagoides farinae [Hughes] was 202 individual mites with 22 asthmatic children in the first year, and individual mites increased to 268 with 36 asthmatic children in the second year. The two house dust mites were more abundant in bedrooms than in living ones [292 and 187 mites, respectively]. The prevalence of the house dust mites on the mattresses and furniture were higher in bedrooms and living rooms than on the floors [340 and 140 mite, respectively]. Winter season recorded the highest prevalence for both mites in the first and second year [87 and 110, respectively]. Summer represented the lowest values [19 and 25, respectively]. genetics CYP2C19 gene polymorphism may be a risk factor for bronchial asthma. Yaroglu, Hatice Yildirim; Calikoglu, Mukadder; Gumus, Lulufer Tamer E-mail:haticeyldrm@yahoo.com Mersin University - College of Medicine - Department of Biochemistry Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 39-42 (21 ref.) Keywords: Risk Factors; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Mutation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Case-Control Studies; Genotype Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 plays a role in susceptibility to bronchial asthma. 104 healthy individuals who visited our hospital, including hospital staff, and 97 patients with bronchial asthma [62 atopic and 35 nonatopic] participated in this study. CYPC19[*]2 and CYP21C9[*]3 alleles were detected by using Light Cycler and CYP2C19 mutation detection kits by real-time PCR with LightCycler. The CYP2C19[*]3 genotype was found to be the wild type in all cases, and in the control group, the CYP2C19[*]2 heterozygous genotype had a 2.46-fold increased risk of bronchial asthmacompared with the CYPC19[*]2 homozygous wild genotype in the control group[p = 0.01, OR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.24-4.88]. Our data suggest that the CYP2C19*2 heterozygous genotype may be involved in the development of bronchial asthma. Babesiosis transmission Babesiosis in an Egyptian boy aquired from pet dog, and a general review. El Bahnasawy, Mamdouh M.; Khalil, Hazem H.M.; Morsy, Tosson A. Military Medical Academy - Department of Tropical Medicine Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 99-108 (28 ref.) Keywords: Dogs-parasitology; Rhipicephalus; Ticks-parasitology Abstract: Human babesiosis has been documented in many countries. It is a zoonotic protozoan disease of medical, veterinary and economic importance. In this study, a twelve years old boy was referred to the hospital with intermittent fever of unknown origin. On clinical, parasitological and serological bases the case proved to be babesiosis. The boy acquired the infection from his pet dog which was heavily infested with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and suffered a mild feature of animal babesiosis. The patient was successfully treated with Atovaquone plus Azithromycin without relapse for one month follow up. The pet dog was sent to Governmental Veterinary Hospital at Abbassia for treatment from babesiosis and tick infestation. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   8 Balanitis pathology Pseudoepitheliomatous micaceous and keratotic balanitis - a rare case. Kumar, Piyush; Mondal, Ashim Kumar; Mondal, Avijit; Gharami, R.C.; Chowdhury, Satyendra Nath; Maiti, Arunasis E-mail:docpiyush@gmail.com Medical College and Hospital - Dermatology Department JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 74-76 (6 ref.) Keywords: Keratosis-pathology; Penis-pathology; Diagnosis, Differential BCG Vaccine adverse effects Bacillus Calmette-Guerins vaccination at birth causing tuberculous granulomatous lymphadenitis. Hassan, Abdulaziz A.; Ahsanullah, Abumusa M. E-mail:dr_asddo@hotmail.com Domat Al Jandal General Hospital - Department of Pediatric Medicine Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 412-414 (10 ref.) Keywords: Lymphadenitis-chemically induced; Tuberculosis-prevention and control; Lymph Nodes-pathology Abstract: A rare but severe complication of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin [BCG] vaccination is the development of BCG disease, which can result in necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis. Symptoms can present as late as several months following the BCG vaccination. The key finding in BCG disease is the formation of caseating granulomas in draining lymph nodes; detection of BCG organisms from tissue samples are evident. Biliary Atresia diagnosis Diagnosis of biliary atresia in Syrian population. Bozo, Mahmoud E-mail:mahbozo@scs-net.org JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 15-20 (17 ref.) Keywords: Biopsy; Cholangiography; Biliary Atresia-radionuclide imaging; Developing Countries; Cholestasis- radiography Abstract: This study aims to define the role of the liver biopsy and scintigraphy in the diagnosis of the bilairy atresia [BA] in a developing country, as the first published study in our country [Syria]. Twenty two patients with cholestatsis, during 2008-2009, were studied for clinical presentations, total bilirubin, SGPT, PT, liver biopsy [LB], scintigraphy [SNT], and cholangiography in positive cases. The false positive and negative cases of SNT were analyzed. Nine patients completed the study, 5 males, and 4 females. Age range between 21 and 120 days, mean age 73.1 days. SNT and LB was incompatible with BA in all 9 cases. Cholangiography proved extrahepatic biliary atresia in 7 cases [77%] and was normal in 2 cases [23%], thus LB and SNT gave false results in these cases. Our study proves again that the diagnosis of biliary atresia can't be made by only one tool, the cholangiogram still the best and final test to make it. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   9 Biliary Tract Neoplasms surgery Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy combined with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in treating malignant biliary obstruction. Shu, Jian Chang; Yang, Qi Hong; Lv, Xia; Zhang, Wen Ru; Li, Ming En; Zhang, Xiao Yan; Song, Hui Dong; Ye, Guo Rong; Wang, Le Xin Jinan University - Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital - Department of Gastroenterology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 47-50 (11 ref.) Keywords: Jaundice, Obstructive-therapy; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic-surgery; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrostomy-methods; Jejunostomy-methods; Cholangiocarcinoma-surgery; Radiography, Interventional; Liver Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Liver Function Tests; Treatment Outcome Abstract: To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy [PEG/PEJ] combined with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage [PTCD] in treating malignant biliary obstruction. Nine patients [6 males and 3 females, average age 71.3 +/- 5.5 years] with complete obstruction of the biliary tract were treated with PEG/PEJ after PTCD. The PEG/PEJ and PTCD tubes were linked outside of the abdominal wall to direct the externally drained bile back to the jejunum through the PEG/PEJ intestinal tube. Clinical symptoms and liver function were assessed following the treatment. The operations were successfully completed in the 9 patients within 40 min [average 35 +/- 2.9 min]. Clinical symptoms such as jaundice, abdominal distension, stomachache and diarrhea appeared but improved within 7 days of the operation. Serum levels of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were reduced [p < 0.01] 4 weeks following the treatment. There were no procedural complications. Combined PEG/PEJ and PTCD appeared to be safe and effective in the management of malignant biliary obstruction. Further, larger-scale studies will be needed to verify findings of this report. Blepharoptosis surgery Muller's muscle conjunctival resection ptosis repair in the aesthetic patient. Sajja, Kiran; Putterman, Allen M. E-mail:ksajja@arenaeyesurgeons.com University of Illinois at Chicago - Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 51-60 (14 ref.) Keywords: Blepharoptosis-therapy; Blepharoplasty; Phenylephrine-therapeutic use; Eyelids-surgery; Eyelids- abnormalities Abstract: Posterior eyelid ptosis repair via the Muller's muscle-conjunctival resection procedure is an effective, reliable, and simple technique for periorbital rejuvenation in the aesthetic patient. This procedure may be performed with other periorbital rejuvenation techniques without sacrificing results. Appropriate candidates are patients with maintained levator function whose ptotic upper eyelid elevates close to a normal eyelid level upon instillation of phenylephrine drops to the superior conjunctival fornix. Blood Cell Count Association of cell blood counts and cardiometabolic risk factors among young obese children. Al Mendalawi, Mahmood D.; Kelishadi, Roya Baghdad University - Al Kindy College of Medicine - Department of Paediatrics Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 425-427 (18 ref.) Keywords: Obesity-blood; Metabolic Syndrome X-epidemiology; Child; Obesity-epidemiology; Triglycerides-blood; Waist Circumference; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol-blood; Cross-Sectional Studies IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   10 Blood Glucose drug effects Effect of quinine therapy on plasma glucose and plasma insulin levels in pregnant women infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gezira state. Elbadawi, N.E.E.; Mohamed, M.I.; Dawod, O.Y.; Ali, K.E.; Daoud, O.H.; Ali, E.M.; Ahmed, E.G.E.; Mohamed, A.E. University of Kassala - Department of Biochemistry EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 697-700 (18 ref.) Keywords: Insulin-blood; Quinine-adverse effect; Malaria, Falciparum-blood; Malaria, Falciparum-drug therapy; Pregnant Women; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: To determine if quinine has a metabolic effect during treatment of severe or complicated malaria, we studied its effects on plasma glucose and plasma insulin levels in 150 pregnant women with malaria referred to Madani maternity teaching hospital, Gezira state and 50 healthy pregnant controls. Levels were determined at baseline [day 0] before the start of quinine treatment, after 2 days of treatment [2 hours after the 4th dose] and after 7 days of treatment [day 8]. There was a statistically significant increase in plasma insulin concentrations during the quinine infusion and fall in plasma glucose concentration [P<0.001]. Quinine administered at the recommended dose and rate can disrupt plasma glucose homeostasis although it is still the drug of choice for severe and complicated malaria in Sudan. Blood Transfusion adverse effects Transfusion transmitted diseases among blood donors of Basra blood bank. Al Kamil, Eman Adnan; Al Yassin, Asad K. E-mail:eman.salman@ymail.com University of Basrah - College of Medicine - Department of Community Medicine JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 35-40 (20 ref.) Keywords: Blood Donors; Syphilis-epidemiology; HIV Infections-epidemiology; Hepatitis B-epidemiology; Hepatitis C-epidemiology Abstract: The aim of this work is to estimate the prevalence of transfusion transmitted diseases in blood donors of Basra blood bank, with special entity of AID'S hepatitis B and C, and syphilis. A retrospective record based study involved the records of Basra blood bank for the years 2006, 2006, and 2008. The reported results of the serological screening tests of the blood donors for HIV and HCV, HBV, and Venereal Disease Reference Laboratory [VDRL[ for the diagnosis of syphilis were analyzed. The study showed that the highest number of donors was in the year 2007 with the predominance of males than females for the three studied years, the overall prevalence of HBsAg was 0.22%, of HCV was 0.08% and of VDRL was 0.05%. The difference of prevalence of transfusion transmitted diseases among different age groups was statistically significant [p<0.01], where the prevalence of hepatitis B was highest at the two age extremes [<20 years and >/= 50 years], for hepatitis C the highest prevalence was at the age groups between 40- 49 years and for syphilis, the highest prevalence was at the age groups between 20-29 years. The prevalence of hepatitis B and syphilis was higher among males while the prevalence of hepatitis C was higher among females [50.0%] with no significant difference [p>0.05]. The difference of prevalence of transfusion transmitted diseases by place of residence was statistically highly significant [p<0.001], where the prevalence of hepatitis B was higher among rural donors, while the prevalence of hepatitis C and syphilis was higher among urban donors. Blood is still one of the main sources of transmission of infections; and hepatitis B, hepatitis C viruses and syphilis are prevalent among donors except HIV virus which is not detected among studied donors. Brain radiography Computerized tomographic scanning of brain for evaluation of children with delayed milestones. Raza, Saleem; Malik, Bashir Ahmad; Siddiqi, Hammad Ahmad E-mail:ssrnaqvi@hotmail.com PAF Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 82-85 (10 ref.) Keywords: Tomography, X-Ray Computed-utilization; Developmental Disabilities-etiology; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   11 Abstract: To assess the utility of Computerized Tomographic [CT] scanning of brain in the evaluation of children with delayed milestones. Cross-sectional retrospective study. Department of Radiology, Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Islamabad from April 2007 to September 2009. We retrospectively reviewed the referral forms of CT scanning of brain for evaluation of children with delayed milestones. A total of 48 patients had a CT brain for evaluation of delayed milestones. They were divided into two groups. There were 15 patients in group A, who had significant history and clinical findings. Group B had 33 patients, in whom there was no clue to the etiology of developmental delay. The results of their CT scans of brain were compiled and analyzed. Out of a total of 15 patients in group A, fourteen [93.3%] had an abnormality. Mild cerebral atrophy was seen in 11 patients, two had calcification in basal ganglia and one had leukodystrophy. No abnormality was seen in CT scan of brain in group B patients. CT scanning of brain is useful in reaching a diagnosis of delayed developmental milestones where there are significant historical and abnormal physical findings. Breast Neoplasms Clinical application of proteomics in breast cancer: state of the art and perspectives. Goncalves, Anthony; Bertucci, Francois Mediterrenian University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Medical Oncology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 4-18 (108 ref.) Keywords: Proteomics; Biological Markers; Molecular Targeted Therapy Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers in industrialized countries. The identification of accurate biomarkers that improve the screening, diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of therapeutic response or toxicity, and the identification of novel molecular therapeutic targets are crucial. Today, high-throughput molecular techniques permit investigators to systematically interrogate the genome, transcriptome, and proteome of cancer cells. During the past decade, mRNA expression profiling has been successfully applied to the molecular characterization of breast cancers. Application of proteomics-based techniques is also considered crucial for detecting new biomarkers. In this review, we present the proteomics-based methods that have been applied to date to breast cancer samples for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Despite their current limits, these pioneering techniques are promising. The most important results as well as the current limitations and perspectives are summarized and discussed. Breast Self-Examination [The effect of instruction on students' knowledge and attitude towards breast self-examination]. Firoozeh, F.; Tabeshian, A.; Karimabadeh, N.; Zaadeh, A. Hassan E-mail:farahfiroozeh@iaun.ac.ir Islamic Azad University - Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 21-26 (17 ref.) Keywords: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Students; Education; Teaching; Breast Neoplasms-prevention and control; Mammography; Questionnaires Abstract: Breast self examination [BSE] is an easy and inexpensive method to screen breast cancer and unlike Mammography, BSE performing is widely possible in developing countries. The incidence rate of breast cancer is higher in developed countries but it is being increased in developing countries such as Iran as a result of lifestyle change and reproductive pattern similar to those in western countries thus affecting Iranian women at a younger age and at advanced stages. Due to the fact that BSE should perform monthly after the age 20, the aim of the present study was to determine instruction effect on students' knowledge and attitude of female students upon BSE. 174 students were selected by cluster random sampling and questionnaires were completed by interview. After that an instructional program was planned for them with the model being presented through live lecture. Finally the same questionnaires were completed again after 4 months by interview. The data were then analyzed by S.P.S.S software [ver10]. The mean scores of students' knowledge and attitude were significantly increased after education. [p<0.001]. These findings showed that Iranian students' knowledge of BSE is inadequate. It may be due to two causes: 1. there is no formal instructional programs about awareness of breast cancer for this age group in Iran. 2. As the students are unmarried and very young, they may rarely refer to health care centers. The importance of BSE has been highlighted and it is recommended that BSE instruction be put in the students' curriculum. Brucellosis diagnosis Zoonotic brucellosis: an underestimated or misdiagnosed disease in Egypt. El Metwally, Mohamed Tolba; Elwan, Mohamed A.; El Bahnasawy, Mamdouh M.; Khalil, Hazem H.M.; Sabah, Ahmad A.A.; Morsy, Ayman T.A. Al Azhar University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Tropical Medicine IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   12 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 35-46 (42 ref.) Keywords: Brucellosis-transmission; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-methods; Zoonoses Abstract: Over six months, 329 suggestive consecutive brucellosis human cases were diagnosed in attending the out-patients clinics of Al Azhar and Ain Shams Universities Hospitals and Giza Governorate Farmers. They were 100 females and 229 males with ages ranged between 15-65 years old. A total of 213 [64.75%] were working in dairy farm and/or consumed raw milk, 16 [14.85%] used home slaughtering of sheep, and 100 [30.4%] were working in Giza Government slaughter-house. Clinically and by ELISA-IgM 259 out of 329 the subjects were proven brucellosis patients [77.8%]. Besides, other patients had toxoplasmosis, or Schistosomiasis mansoni or fascioliasis. Double infection was encountered with toxoplasmosis and either schistosomiasis or fascioliasis. The causes of endemic liver parasitosis that may give false-clinical diagnosis were excluded. Signs and symptoms of brucellosis patients were fever [91.5%], chills [84.1%], Myalgia [69.5%], headache [58.2%], fatigue [77.2%], anorexia [54.1%], tachycardia [38.6%], hepato-and/or splenomegaly [46.2%], lymphadenopaqthy [19.6%] lower back abdominal pain [8.8%] and/or constitutive symptoms [13.1%]. [A case report of a neurobrucellosis patient presenting prolonged nausea and vomiting]. Sheikholeslami, N. E-mail:n_sheikholeslam@yahoo.com Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 62-63 (9 ref.) Keywords: Brucellosis-pathology; Nausea-etiology; Vomiting-etiology; Nervous System Diseases Abstract: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with various misleading clinical manifestations. One of them is the involvement of central nervous system which has a broad range of clinical manifestations. Improvement of knowledge among medical professionals about its different clinical presentation can lead them to better diagnosis and treatment. In this report, we presented a neurobrucellosis patient with chief complaint of 4 month-nausea and vomiting. Calcium Carbonate chemistry Chemical analysis of ordinary portland cement of Jordan. Hani, Falah F. Bani E-mail:dr.falahf@yahoo.com Al-Balqa Applied University - Al-Huson University College - Chem. Eng. Department Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 1-8 (10 ref.) Keywords: Silicates-chemistry; Industry Abstract: This study compares the quality of different brands of ordinary Portland cement [OPC] available In Jordan. The amounts of chemical constituents such as Silica SiO[2], Al[2]O[2], CaO, MgO, Sulfuric anhydride [SO3] were determined In accordance with British Standard [BS] specifications. All the results are presented to provide both quantitative and qualitative notion that several locally produced ordinary compositions of most of these constituents as determined experimentally were within the range of the standard values. The possible reasons for variation In chemical compositions and their consequences have been discussed. Camels parasitology Morphological forms of Trypanosoma evansi from blood of Arabian camel [Camelus dromedarius] in the Riyadh metropolitan areas. Amoudi, Mikky A.; Al Yousif, Mohamed S.; Al Shawa, Yaser King Saud University - College of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 29-34 (23 ref.) Keywords: Trypanosoma-cytology; Camels-blood Abstract: Trypanosoma evansi is commonly referred to as haemoflagellate infesting camels and other vertebrates. It is causative agent of number of diseases. T. evansi has several morphological forms. We have detected three forms in the blood of camels, slender, transitional and intermediate. The present study is the first investigation on the morphological forms of T. evansi in Arabian camels in Saudi Arabia. Trypanosoma evansi in dromedary camel: with a case report of zoonosis in greater Cairo, Egypt. Haridy, Fouad M.; El Metwally, Mohamed Tolba; Khalil, Hazem H.M.; Morsy, Tosson A. General Organization for Veterinary Services Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 65-76 (36 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   13 Keywords: Trypanosoma-cytology; Zoonoses; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-methods Abstract: Trypanosoma evansi [Steel, 1885] Balbiani, is the cause of trypanosomiasis [Surra] which multiples in the blood and body fluids. The incubation period varies from 7-15 days. The mortality rate was up to 20% and fatality rate may reach up to 100% in untreated camels. Three hundred randomly selected camels were 200 males 4-6 years old and 100 females 10-15 years. They were examined clinically and diagnosed by Giemsa stained blood smear, anti- trypanosomiasis-antibodies by ELISA and urine Thymol turbidity test for natural infection with T. evani [Surra]. The results showed that camels were naturally infected with T. evansi as indicated by stained blood film examination and/or ELISA. Infection in males was 6.0% [stained blood smears], 8.0% [ELISA] and 5.0% [urine thymol turbidity test]. In females the infection rate was 9.0%, 24.0% and 12% respectively. By correlation with suggestive clinical manifestations, ELISA proved to be more sensitive and specific [13.3%] than stained blood films [10.0%] and urine Thymol turbidity test [7.3%]. Regarding humans, one out of 30 was positive as indicated by ELISA and stained blood smear but was negative by urine thymol turbidity test. The human case was successfully treated as indicated clinically, parasitologically and serologically. This is the first reported Egyptian human case of trypanosomiasis evansi, a neglected zoonosis. Candida albicans drug effects Antifungal effect of calcium enriched mixture cement against Candida albicans. Kangarlou, Ali; Sofiabadi, Samira; Yadegari, Zahra; Asgary, Saeed Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Dental School, Iranian Center for Endodontic Research IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 101-105 (43 ref.) Keywords: Dental Cements; Root Canal Filling Materials; Dental Pulp Cavity; Root Canal Therapy Abstract: The purpose of this ex vivo study was to assess the effect of two root-end filling materials against Candida [C] albicans. ProRoot MTA and CEM Cement were compared immediately and 24 h after mixing, in two different concentrations [50 and 100 mg/mL]. A total of 50 culture wells were used and divided into experimental [n=10] and control groups [n=5]. Those with no medication served as positive and without C. albicans served as negative controls. All plates were incubated at 37 C. after 1, 24, and 48hours. At each interval, the presence of C. albicans was assessed and recorded by an independent observer. In addition to observing turbidity, 0.02 mL of samples from each cell was re- cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar plates to confirm change in fungal growth. The data were evaluated and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Although all fresh and set samples with experimental concentrations showed fungal growth after 1 h; they demonstrated complete fungicidal activity at 24 and 48-h time intervals. Under the conditions of this ex vivo study, CEM cement as well as ProRoot MTA has fungicidal effects against C. albicans even in concentration of 50 mg/mL and after 24 hours. Capsule Endoscopy Diagnostic yield and clinical impact of capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding during routine clinical practice: a single-center experience. Katsinelos, Panagiotis; Chatzimavroudis, Grigoris; Terzoudis, Sotiris; Patsis, Ioannis; Fasoulas, Kostas; Katsinelos, Taxiarchis; Kokonis, George; Zavos, Christos; Vasiliadis, Themistoklis; Kountouras, Jannis G. Gennimatas' General Hospital - Motility Unit Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 60-65 (22 ref.) Keywords: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage-diagnosis; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Celiac Disease; Peptic Ulcer; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Capsule Endoscopes-standards Abstract: This study assessed the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy [CE] and its impact on patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding [OGIB]. Between May 2007 and May 2009, 63 patients with OGIB [overt bleeding: 25, and occult blood loss with chronic ferropenic anemia: 38] and normal upper and lower endoscopy were studied by CE. Demographic characteristics, prior diagnostic tests, CE findings, therapeutic interventions, medical treatment and clinical outcomes following CE were evaluated. The overall diagnostic yield was 44.44% of patients and included findings of angiectasia in 11 [17.46%] patients, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs enteropathy in 6 [9.52%] patients, celiac disease in 3 [4.76%] patients, tumors in 2 [3.17%] patients, and a variety of other diagnoses ranging from varices to ulcers [due to congenital afibrinogenemia and amyloidosis]. The diagnostic yield was notably higher in overt bleeders [15/25, 60%] compared to occult bleeders [13/38, 34.21%; p = 0.044], and in patients with overt bleeding who had CE within the first 10 days [14/16, 87.5%] after the bleeding episode in comparison to overt bleeders who underwent CE >10 days after the bleeding episode [2/16, 11.1%; p < 0.0001]. During follow-up [11.8 +/- 7 months], CE findings led to specific therapy that resolved the underlying disease or improved the clinical condition in 45 of 63 patients, thus having a positive clinical impact of 71.43%. CE has a high diagnostic yield and a positive influence on clinical management in a significant proportion of patients with OGIB. These data further support the role of CE in routine clinical practice. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   14 Cardiovascular Diseases etiology Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran. Bonakdaran, S.; Ebrahimzadeh, S.; Noghabi, S.H. E-mail:bonakdaransh@mums.ac.ir Mashhad University of Medical Science - Endocrine Research Centre EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 640-646 (35 ref.) Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases-epidemiology; Risk Factors; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2-complications; Prevalence; Age Factors; Time Factors Abstract: The aim of this study in 2006-08 was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of CVD in an Iranian population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. History and physical examinations were recorded and laboratory tests were performed in 752 patients attending the Mashhad Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center. The prevalence of CVD was 20.1%. CVD was significantly associated with age, duration of diabetes, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, metabolic syndrome, renal insufficiency, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, uric acid and triglycerides/HDL ratio. Using a logistic regression model, age, metabolic syndrome and HDL cholesterol were significant independent predictors of CVD. The high prevalence of CVD in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes underscores the importance of better detection and treatment of metabolic risk factors of CVD in these patients. Carnitine therapeutic use Levo-carnitine normalizes blood glucose and lipid profile in insulin resistant type II diabetic rats. Malik, Muhammad Omar; Hussain, Muhammad Mazhar; Bin Aleem, Shoaib E-mail:omarmalik786@gmail.com Army Medical College - Physiology Department PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 105-110 (23 ref.) Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2-drug therapy; Blood Glucose-drug effects; Lipids-blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Glycemic Index; Treatment Outcome Abstract: This study was planned to determine the effect of levo-carnitine on blood glucose and lipid profile in high fat diet fed, streptozotocin induced insulin resistant type II diabetic rats. Randomized controlled trial [RCT] Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi from 20th to 15 Jan 2009. Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups; each having 30 rats. Group I [control] was fed on normal diet while in Group II [Diabetic] diabetes was induced by feeding high fat diet and giving the injection of streptozotocin. Group III [Carnitine] was treated like group II to induce diabetes mellitus and later Levo-carnitine 200 mg/kg body weight/day was administered intraperitoneally for 6 days. The blood glucose and lipid profile were significantly deranged in the diabetic and carnitine groups as compared to the control. After levo-carnitine treatment the blood glucose level decreased significantly [p <0.001] in carnitine group [6.2 mmol/1] as compared to the diabetic group [22.7 mmol/1]. The levels of triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL were significantly decreased [P<0.001] in carnitine group 0.5 mmol/1, 1.3 mmol/1 and 0.2 mmol/1 as compared to the diabetic group 1.9 mmol/1, 4.4 mmol/1 and 3.1 mmol/1 respectively. HDL level was significantly raised [p<0.001] in the carnitine group [0.9 mmol/1] as compared to the diabetic group [0.4 mmol/1]. It is concluded that Levo-carnitine administration tends to normalize glycemic control and lipid profile in type II diabetes mellitus. However, human trial is recommended to ascertain its efficacy as an antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic agent for therapeutic use. Central Nervous System Neoplasms Central nervous system tumors: a hospital based analysis. Ayaz, Bushra; Lodhi, Faisal Rashid; Hasan, Mehmood PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 61-64 (21 ref.) Keywords: Benchmarking; Hemangioblastoma; Brain Neoplasms-secondary Abstract: To assess the spectrum of CNS tumors and provide benchmark data for future studies assessing data in continuum. Descriptive study. This study was carried out from Jan 2003 till Jan 2009 at Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa [Naval Hospital] Karachi, Pakistan. One hundred cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included between the ages of 1-85 years belonging to both genders. Majority of the cases were seen in the year 2008 with the most commonly encountered lesion being the glial tumors followed by the meningiothelial neoplasms. Our findings were similar to IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   15 previous similar studies in our setup with little change in trends. Glial tumors appear to be more common in our setup whereas the popularly believed Meningiothelial tumors though common came next. Our study can form the benchmark data upon which future studies can be conducted. Cerebral Hemorrhage Pilot-randomized study on intraventricular hemorrhage with midline versus lateral head positions. Al Abdi, Sameer Y.; Nojoom, Maha S.; Alshaalan, Hesham M.; Al Aamri, Maryam Ali E-mail:abdis@ngha.med.sa King Abdulaziz Hospital for National Guard - Department of Pediatricd Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 420-421 (4 ref.) Keywords: Cerebral Ventricles-blood supply; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Premature Birth; Supine Position; Pilot Projects; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Infant, Premature Chewing Gum [The effect of chewing sugar free gum after elective cesarean-delivery on return of bowel function in primiparous women: a randomize clinical trial]. Dehcheshmeh, F. Safdari; Salehian, T.; Gangi, F.; Beigi, M. E-mail:faranaksafdari@gmail.com Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 16-20 (23 ref.) Keywords: Intestines-physiology; Abdomen-surgery; Cesarean Section; Pregnancy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Parity Abstract: An important cause of delayed recovery from abdominal surgery is delay in return of bowel Function. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of chewing sugar free gum after elective Cesarean-delivery on return of bowel function in primiparous women in Hajar hospital of Shahrekord. In a randomized clinical trial, 120 patients, who were scheduled for elective cesarean were randomly allocated to 2 groups of gum-chewing group [n=60] and control group [n=60] postoperatively. The patients in the gum-chewing group chewed postoperatively sugar free gum 4 times daily as soon as they recovered from anesthesia till the time they passed flatus or defecated. Control group recieved routine postoperative dietary management. The mean scores of postoperative time interval to first hearing of normal bowel sounds, passage of flatus, defecation and sensation of bowel movement were compared between the two groups. The data were then analyzed using chi square and t-test [p<0.05]. The mean postoperative time interval to first hearing of normal intestinal sounds [6.5+/-1.5 versus 12.5+/- 2.5 hours], the first passage of flatus [12.2+/-2.0 vs.22.4+/-4.1 hours], first sensation of bowel movement [7.4+/-1.7 versus 15.7+/-3.4 hours] and defecation [15.5+/-2.5 versus 23.4+/-4.8 hours] were significantly lower in the gum-chewing group compared with control group. [p<0.001]. The staying period in the hospital [0.96+/-0.18 versus 1.1+/-34 days] was significantly shorter in gum- chewing group. [p<0.001]. Chewing gum after elective Cesarean-delivery is safe, inexpensive and helpful which is well tolerated, and associated with rapid resumption of intestinal function and speeds recovery shorter hospital stay. Child Welfare Home environment and its relation to child health in a rural area, Assiut governorate. Mahmoud, Thoreia M.; Abdel Ghany, Nazek I.; Mahmoud, Ahmed M.; Labeeb, Shokrla A.; Mohamed, Safaa A. Sohag Faculty of Nursing - Community Health Nursing Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 41-59 (29 ref.) Keywords: Questionnaires; Mothers; Anthropometry; Air Pollution, Indor; Accidents, Home-prevention and control; Home Health Aids; Home Care Services; Smoking; Rural Population; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Animals, Domestic; Safety Abstract: Children health is threatened from a variety of environmental agents, such as contaminated food and water, polluted indoor and outdoor air, traffic accidents, unsafe housing, environmental tobacco smoke, and exposure to more than 15000 synthetic chemicals. To assess the home environmental hazards and its health effects on children aged from 2-5 years in a rural area, Assiut Governorate, Egypt. This study was conducted using a hybrid design including field cross sectional part and interventional part by using a multistage random sample method, the following steps was conducted to select the study sample. All villages of Awlad-Elyas rural area affiliated to Assiut Governorate were included in the study [4 villages]. From each village 25% of rural families having children aged 2-5 years were systematic randomly selected. The total number was [415] families. Two tools used for data collection the first was structured personal interview and the second was home assessment checklist. Anthropometric measures: weight, height and body mass index was calculated for the children. Data analyzed using SPSS version 16. The mean age of mothers was 30.8 +/- 6.2 years, nearly half of them were at age group<30 years. One third of them were illiterate. The IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   16 majority of mothers were housewives. [30.1%] of the children complained of pneumonia while 26.7% complained of asthma. For more than two thirds [69.4%] the cause of asthma was exposure to dust and fumes as reported by the mother. There is a strong relation between garbage disposal, animal's enclosure with respiratory complain, pneumonia and asthma of children were habitation with not separated animal's enclosure. Health classes for mothers should be held in MCH centers, well baby clinic and hospitals. It will include knowledge regarding home environmental hazards and its relation to children's health. Arranging a national day for environmental sanitation to increase the public awareness about that issue. And utilizing mass media is one the best methods to increase public awareness of mothers regarding home environmental hazards among their children and to correct the false concepts and habits. Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic instrumentation Use of harmonic scalpel in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Zaidi, Abrar Hussain; Abdul Haleem; Rana, Shabbir E-mail:dr.abrarhussain@yahoo.com Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 21-24 (20 ref.) Keywords: Surgical Procedures, Elective; Ultrasonic Therapy; Surgical Instruments; Cystic Duct-surgery; Equipment Design Abstract: To determine the effectiveness and safety of the Harmonic Scalpel in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Quasi Experimental Study. Surgical Unit -1 Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi. From January to December 2009. A total of 110 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which the procedures were performed exclusively with the Harmonic Scalpel were included. Patients were of either sex and of different age groups. Only three patients were operated in emergency and all other under went elective surgery. Ease of dissection and clarity of operative field [as determined by definition of dissection planes, need for using irrigation/suction and need for clearing the smoke by evacuation of gas], haemostasis and control of vascular pedicles, rate of complications, rate of conversion to open surgery and dissection time were analysed. Data was analyzed by SPSS. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. There were 65 females and 40 males. Age range was 24-72 years with mean age 45 years. Irrigation with saline and suction was needed in only 5 cases. There was practically no or minimal whitish smoke and none required evacuation of gas to clear the operative field from it. No patient had hemorrhage of any extent. Cystic artery was clipped in 40 [36.36%] patients and in all others [54.54%] it was secured by harmonic coagulation. None had CBD or bowel injury or post op sepsis. Two [1.82%] cases required conversion to open surgery due to dense adhesions and obscure anatomy. Cystic duct was dissected out with the same device but was clipped in all the cases. Average dissection time was 40 minutes [range, 17-75 minutes].There was no mortality. The Harmonic scalpel is safe and a surgeon friendly instrument for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. methods Cholecysto cholangiography versus cystic duct cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective controlled randomized trial. Nafeh, Ayman I.; Elsebaie, Sameh B.; Nasr, Maged M.; Ezzat, Hussin M. Theodor Bilharz Research Institute - Department of General Surgery Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 119-130 (18 ref.) Keywords: Cholangiography-methods; Comparative Study; Cystic Duct-radiography; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trial Abstract: This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of cholecysto-cholangiography [CCC], an extremely rapid and easy way of imaging the biliary tree during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and a viable alternative to cystic duct cholangiography in the era of minimal invasive surgery. Sixty patients with symptomatic gallbladder stones were studied in this series, 30 were evaluated for cholecysto-cholangiography and other 30 for transcystic-cholangiography. The success rate in cholecysto-cholangiography approached 80% with excellent quality films obtained. Delineation of anatomy approached 85%; 75% for cholecysto-cholangiography and transcystic cholangiography respectively. Exposure time to radiation compares favourably with cystic duct cannulation with a mean time 2.4 min. Cholecysto- cholangiography added less than 11 mins to the procedure; mean 10.4 mins, while transcystic cholangiography added an extra 30 mins; mean 31 mins. There were no cholangiogram related complications or false positive findings with a smooth for two months follow up. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   17 Chronic Periodontitis blood A comparison of serum lipid profile between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals. Hamissi, J.; Shahsavarani, M.T.; Hamissi, H. E-mail:jhamissi@qums.ac.ir Qazvin University of Medical Sciences - College of Dentistry - Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 283-284 (11 ref.) Keywords: Lipids-blood; Cholesterol, HDL-blood; Cholesterol, LDL-blood; Periodontal Index; Health Status; Case- Control Studies; Hyperlipidemias Ciliary Body abnormalities Bilateral multiple primary iridociliary cysts - a rare case report. Baile, Rahul; Sahasrabuddhe, Meghana; Nadkarni, Snehal; Karira, Vasudeo; Kelkar, Juilee; Bhonde, Snehal E-mail:rbb4@rediffmail.com B.A.R.C. Hospital - Department Of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 89-91 (2 ref.) Keywords: Ciliary Body-ultrasonography; Iris-abnormalities; Iris-ultrasonography; Cysts; Iris Neoplasms Abstract: Iridociliary cysts are often found in patients as an incidental finding during a routine ophthalmic evaluation and if asymptomatic do not require any treatment per se. However, these are often mistaken as iris melanoma and the patient is managed accordingly causing a great deal of inconvenience to the patient as well as the doctor. A 69 year old male presented to the ophthalmic out-patients department for routine ophthalmic evaluation. On examination, he is best corrected visual acuity was 6/9, N6 in both eyes. Post-mydriasis evaluation showed a Grade II nuclear cataract in both eyes. There was a smooth, pigmented mass with a rounded surface projecting from behind the iris resembling an iris melanoma. On further evaluation, he was found to have multiple ciliary body cysts. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a valuable technique in diagnosing iridociliary cysts. Cleft Lip epidemiology Incidence of cleft lip and palate in Iran. A meta-analysis. Khazaei, Saber; Shirani, Amir Mansour; Khazaei, Mozafar; Najafi, Farid Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences - School of Dentistry Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 390-393 (36 ref.) Keywords: Cleft Palate-epidemiology; Publication Bias; Meta-Analysis; Infant, Newborn; Cohort Studies Abstract: To investigate meta-analysis of published data on overall incidence of cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip and palate of newborns in Iran. This meta-analysis was carried out at the School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran between May 2009 and December 2009. Our data were consisted of all incidences of cleft lip and palate from 1978 to June 2009, and we selected 11 studies. Inverse-variance weighting was implemented to calculate the random effect summary estimates and to produce a forest plot. Cumulative meta-analysis on published data was calculated and grouped. Publication bias was checked using both Begg's and Egger's test. Pooled incidence from 11 studies was 1.0/1000 [95% confidence interval: 0.5-1.5]. There was no evidence of publication bias among the 11 studies [p-values for Begg's test was 0.53 and for Egger's test was 0.23]. The incidence of cleft lip and palate in Iran was lower compared to other countries. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   18 Colonorchis Sinensis isolation and purification Clonorchis sinensis a new report in Egyptian employees returning back from Saudi Arabia. Morsy, Ayman T.A.; Al Mathal, Ebtesam M. Ministry of Interior Hospitals - Tropical Medicine Unit Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 221-225 (19 ref.) Keywords: Liver-parasitology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-methods; Cholangiography-methods; Zoonoses Abstract: Clonorchis sinensis, or Chinese liver fluke, is a parasite of the fish-eating mammals endemic in the East Asia, Far East, particularly in China, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Korea and among immigrant refugees to European Union and Eastern Mediterranean Countries. This paper reported infection among Egyptian family who practice consumption of imported fishes from the Far East. Diagnosed was based on detection of its characteristic eggs, positive specific ELISA, radiological and family behavior and feeding habit history. Patients were successfully treated. Communicable Diseases epidemiology [Epidemiologic features of admitted patients with infectious diseases in Qom]. Nejad, H.A. Habibi; Riahin, A.A.; Heydari, A. E-mail:ali.medicine@yahoo.com Islamic Azad University - Qom Branch Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 54-58 (14 ref.) Keywords: Communicable Diseases-etiology; Epidemiology; Urinary Tract Infections; Sepsis; Pneumonia Abstract: Despite decades of dramatic progress in their treatment and prevention, infectious diseases remain a major cause of death and debility responsible for worsening the living conditions of millions of people around the world. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiologic features of patients admitted with infectious disases at Kamkar Hospital in Qom. A routine data base study was carried out to obtain relevant data from medical records of patients admitted with infectious diseases at the Kamkar Hospital during summer 2007. The epidemiologic features of patients were obtained and analyzed using chi-square, t-test and Mann Whitney statistical tests. Out of 2907 admitted cases at the Kamkar hospital 331 [11.3%] pertained to infectious diseases. The most frequent infections were urinary tract infection, septicemia and pneumonia; 61cases [18.4%], 48cases [14.5%] and 45cases [13.6%], respectively. The most common involved systems were respiratory tract and urogenital tract, with each one having 73cases [22.05%].This study confirms the continuing importance of infectious diseases especially urinary tract infection, septicemia and pneumonia in Qom, which requires more research to be done to better identify their epidemiology and pathogenesis. Congenital Abnormalities epidemiology Incidence of congenital malformation in 2 major hospitals in Rivers state of Nigeria from 1990 to 2003. Ekanem, T.B.; Bassey, I.E.; Mesembe, O.E.; Eluwa, M.A.; Ekong, M.B. University of Calabar - Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences - Department of Human Anatomy EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 701-705 (23 ref.) Keywords: Incidence; Retrospective Studies; Nervous System Malformations-epidemiology; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities-epidemiology; Environmental Pollution Abstract: Although congenital malformations are believed to be on the rise in the oil production areas of Nigeria, few baseline data are available. This retrospective study documented the incidence of congenital abnormalities in 2 major hospitals in Port Harcourt, an oil-rich city in Rivers state, Nigeria. Delivery and nursery records were reviewed from January 1990 to December 2003. In the first hospital 78 congenital anomalies were recorded out of 19 572 births [4.00/1000], principally affecting the central nervous system [1.84/1000] and skeletal system [1.74/1000]. In the second hospital, 47 congenital anomalies were recorded out of 20 121 births [2.20/1000], with malformations of the central nervous system [0.80/1000] and skeletal system [1.14/1000] again predominating. More research is needed into long- term trends in congenital malformations and possible associations with environmental pollution in Rivers state. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   19 Contraception Behavior Pattern of contraception use among women attending family planning centers in Erbil city. Zangana, Jwan Mohammed Sabir Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 41-47 (26 ref.) Keywords: Contraception-utilization; Family Planning Services; Contraception-methods; Cross-Sectional Studies; Intrauterine Devices-utilizations; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate-therapeutic use; Condoms-utilizations Abstract: Family planning program is one of the successful maternal and child health programs. This study aimed to find out the percentage of usage of different types of contraceptive methods among women attending family planning centers to know the most preferable method among them. A Cross sectional study was carried out on 400 women attending family planning unit [FPU] in Erbil city [from 1st of July 2008 to the 30th of September 2008. The variables included were, age, occupation , address, educational state, religion, socioeconomic state, different contraceptive methods; Combined oral pill [COCP], intrauterine contraceptive device[ IUCD], Depo-Provera injection, condom, the reason for choosing such methods, the different complications with uses of these methods, the number of live children. Among 400 women who attended [ FPU] 269[ 67.25%] of them were at age [21 -34], most of them prefer the use IUCD, condom, CCP, and lastly injection in a rate of : [36.55%],[ 29.25%], [27.25%] and 2.5% respectively,[ 53.75%] of cases significantly have complications with contraceptive uses specially IUCD [71.95%] , the most common complication associated with different contraceptive use was infection, then abnormal vaginal bleeding in a rate [46.04%],and [29.76%] respectively. The present study revealed that majority of women who attend Family planning units prefer to use IUCD, then condom, COCP, and lastly depo-provera injection, Most of study sample were exposed to infection, which indicated the need to promote health education in FP center through meeting session with them regularly. Coronary Angiography methods Transulnar access for coronary angiography and intervention. Javed, Asim; Aziz, Sohail; Ali, Jahanzeb; Kayani, Mahmood E-mail:doctorasimjaved@gmail.com PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 75-77 (20 ref.) Keywords: Radial Artery-ultrasonography; Treatment Outcome; Ulnar Artery-ultrasonography; Heart Catheterization- methods Abstract: To assess the safety and efficacy of a transulnar approach for coronary catheterization. Descriptive study. Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology - National Institute of Heart Diseases [AFIC-NIHD], October 2009 to January 2010. Twenty five patients underwent coronary catheterization by the transulnar approach. Patients were selected for ulnar approach coronary angiography if they had a weak radial pulse with a stronger palpable ulnar pulse with a positive reverse Allen's test [< 10 sec]. No attempt was made at cannulating radial artery in the same sitting. A 6F sheath was placed inside the ulnar artery as per standard Seldinger technique, and cardiac catheterization or angioplasty was performed. The patients were examined before discharge from the hospital for any access site complications. Mean age of the patients was 48 years [range 30 to 62 years] and 80% [n= 20] were men and 20% [n=5] were females. Successful puncture was achieved in 100% [25/25]. One out of twenty five patients had same sitting PCI with stenting to LAD and LCX. No case of arterial spasm, haematoma, pseudoaneurysm, vascular perforation or loss of pulse was observed. We conclude that the transulnar approach is a safe and efficacious alternative for diagnostic and therapeutic coronary intervention in presence of weakly palpable radial artery and a stronger palpable ulnar artery with positive reverse Allen's test. Cosyntropin diagnostic use Comparison of low dose short synacthen test [1 microgram] with standard dose short synacthen test [250 microgram] in patients of adrenal insufficiency. Rana, Muhammad Zeeshan; Khan, Farooq Ahmad; Sattar, Abdus; Hashim, Rizwan; Ijaz, Amir E-mail:rana.zeeshan7@gmail.com Armed Forces Institute of Pathology PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 53-57 (20 ref.) Keywords: Adrenal Insufficiency-diagnosis; Cosyntropin-administration and dosage; Sensitivity and Specificity; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   20 Abstract: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of low dose 1 microg short synacthen test taking standard dose 250 microg short synacthen test as gold standard. A descriptive study. Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi from Jan 2006 to Jan 2007. Thirty patients with clinical suspicion of adrenal insufficiency and equal number of age matched healthy males and females as controls were included in the study. Relevant clinical history and physical examination was recorded on designated proforma. Short synacthen test was performed between 0800 - 1000 h by using ACTH doses of 1 microg and 250 microg with interval of 3 days in all patients and controls. Three blood samples were obtained for cortisol [basal, 30 min and 60 min after l/M ACTH injection]. Using 250 microg short synacthen test as a standard test, the 1 microg short synacthen test had sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 72%, positive predictive value of 71% and negative predictive value of 100% and 83% accuracy. The low dose 1 microg short synacthen test is as sensitive as standard dose 250 microg short synacthen test but less specific in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Craniopharyngioma diagnosis Craniopharyngioma: a case with delayed puberty. Ali, Syed Khawar; Hashim, Rizwan; Khan, Farooq Ahmad E-mail:syedkhawaali@yahoo.com PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 133-134 (8 ref.) Keywords: Puberty, Delayed; Growth Disorders; Endocrine System Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Craniotomy; Craniopharyngioma-radiotherapy Crying Maternal responsiveness to infant crying. Al Marzoki, Jasim M. E-mail:jasmin_20042001@yahoo.com Babylon University - Babylon Medical College - Department of Pediatrics JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 30-34 (33 ref.) Keywords: Mother-Child Relations; Maternal Behavior; Infant; Colic-complications; Mothers-psychology Abstract: Colic is a disorder in which an infant has episodes of uncontrollable crying, which often occurs at a predictable times of day or night. The aim of this work is to determine the frequency rate of various calming technique, and how mothers soothed their crying infants. Four hundred twenty one mothers with infants of six months old or below were recruited in this study in Hilla city. A questionnaire comprise on the gender of the baby, mother age and her education level [measured on a scale of 0-6 from illiterate, to postgraduate training], and asking about 21 calming methods of how the mothers soothed her crying baby. It was completed though direct interview of the mothers. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS [version 15.0]. The most common quieting technique used by mothers was holding and carrying the infant [93.1%]. The other common techniques were infant rocking [91.7%], abdominal massage [87.9%], taking to bed [87.2%], administer breast feeding [68.4%], swaddling infant [64.6%], prone sleeping position [64.1%], music [62.5%], night bottle [53.7%], bathing [51.1%], and around one third [36.1%] of mothers preferred to use pacifier. Herbs were used as a remedy for soothing crying infants in [16.4%]. Pain killer was used by 33% of mothers to quiet their babies. Forty six mothers and another 11 mothers had used smothering and slapping of their infants as calming techniques respectively. There was a clear effect of cultural differences in the selection of calming technique. A potentially injurious method for calming infants such as slapping, and smothering was reported in this study. Dacryocystorhinostomy Dacryocystorhinostomy: history, evolution and future directions. Yakopson, Vladimir S.; Flanagan, Joseph C.; Ahn, Daniel; Luo, Betsy P. E-mail:vovik24@yahoo.com Wills Eye Institute - Department of Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Services SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 37-49 (70 ref.) Keywords: Lacrimal Duct Obstruction-surgery; Nasolacrimal Duct-surgery; Endoscopy; Dacryocystitis-surgery; Dacryocystitis-therapy Abstract: Dacryocystorhinostomy [DCR] is a procedure of choice for nasolacrimal duct obstruction and chronic dacryostenosis in the setting of patent canaliculi and a functional lacrimal pump. Two major approaches are utilized: external, via a transcutaneous incision and endonasal endoscopically guided. The surgery has a high success rate via both approaches. We review the history, evolution, current techniques, complications and future directions of DCR. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   21 Deafness genetics [Study of deafness associated with DFNB59 gene [Pejvakin] mutation in Fars province]. Raeisi, S.; Farokhi, E.; Taherzadeh, M.; Azadegan, F.; Abolhasani, M.; Raeisi, M.; Banitalebi, G.; Esmaili, A.; Zaker, R.; Hashemzadeh, M. E-mail:mchalesh@yahoo.com Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences - Cellular and Molecular Research Center Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 10-15 (16 ref.) Keywords: Deafness-etiology; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Mutation-genetics; Hearing Loss Abstract: Hearing loss is the most frequent sensory disorder affecting 1 in 500 neonates with more than 50% of inherited cases. This trait is a very heterogeneous disorder and happens due to genetic or environmental causes or both. More than 46 genes may be involved in non-syndromic hearing loss. Recently, DFNB 59 gene has been shown to cause deafness in some Iranian populations. The aim of this study was to determine the role of DFNB 59 gene mutations causing deafness in a group of 130 deaf pupils in Fars province. This descriptive-laboratory based study investigated the frequency of DFNB59 gene mutations using PCR-SSCP/HA strategy. Two different DFNB59 polymorphism including 874G>A and 793C>G were found in 1 and 9 of 130 patients studied respectively. However, no DFNB59 mutation was identified. The results of this study shows that the association of DFNB59 mutations with deafness in Fars province is very low. Death, Sudden epidemiology Incidence and causes of sudden death in a university hospital in eastern Saudi Arabia. Nofal, H.K.; Abdulmohsen, M.F.; Khamis, A.H. King Faisal University - College of Medicine - Department of Pathology/Forensic Medicine EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 665-670 (36 ref.) Keywords: Death, Sudden-etiology; Retrospective Studies; Incidence; Hospitals, University; Age Distribution Abstract: Sudden death is non-violent, unexpected death occurring less than 24 hours from the onset of symptoms. In this retrospective descriptive study we report the frequency and main causes of sudden deaths in relation to total deaths at a large university hospital in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia over a 6-year period. The medical files of 1273 consecutive deaths were retrospectively investigated and showed 223 [17.5%] cases of sudden death. Males were 56.0% of cases. The incidence of sudden death was highest in the 2 age extremes [32.2% were infants and 31.4% were elderly]. There was a seasonal variation, with the highest incidence [29.6%] during spring followed by summer [25.1%]. The most important direct causes of sudden death were cardiovascular diseases in 59.2% of cases, respiratory disease in 24.7%, diabetes mellitus in 23.8%, liver disease in 23.3% and infectious disease in 20.2%. Delusions epidemiology Phenomenology of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia in central Punjab, Pakistan. Sajid, Wahid Bakhsh; Rashid, Shahid; Akhtar, Farrukh E-mail:wbsajid@riphah.edu.pk Islamic International Medical College PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 78-81 (21 ref.) Keywords: Hallucinations-epidemiology; Schizophrenia-diagnosis; Culture; Social Class Abstract: To examine the variations in the frequency and contents of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia and correlates the significant findings with other studies across culture. Case series study. Psychiatry Department CMH Kharian for four year duration. Eighty consecutive patients of schizophrenia [62 men and 18 women] were registered and evaluated for frequency of different delusions and hallucinations. The patients belonged to central Punjab [Pakistan]. DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were used for diagnosis. Most patients i.e. 72.25% belonged to lower social class. Auditory hallucinations were the commonest [81.25%] followed by tactile hallucinations [14.75%] and visual hallucinations [7.5%]. Delusions of persecution were found in very high percentage [91.25%] delusions of reference in 42.5% and delusions of control in 31.25%. The patients believed that they were influenced by magic, demons and pirs. First rank symptoms of schizophrenia were present in 76.25% of patients; made affect, made IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   22 impulse and made volition were present in [40.8%] and somatic passivity were present in [18%] of cases. Sociocultural background of the patients is likely to contribute in shaping the phenomenology of delusions and hallucinations and it is recommended that more elaborate/different diagnostic criteria may be designed for diagnosis of schizophrenia in developing countries. Dental Arch anatomy and histology Relationship between dental arch widths and mandibular plane angle in untreated adults with skeletal class II malocclusion. Batool, Iffat; Abbas, Assad; Yahya, Farhan; Rizvi, Syed Ausaf; Ayub, Ali Orthodontics Department PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 102-104 (16 ref.) Keywords: Malocclusion, Angle Class II-pathology; Mandible; Cephalometry; Chemokines; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: To investigate the arch width in untreated Class II subjects with average and high mandibular plane angles. Cross sectional comparative study. The study was conducted in the orthodontics department of Armed forces institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi from Sep 2008 to March 2009. Pretreatment dental casts and cephalograms of skeletal class II patients with complete set of permanent dentition except third molars reporting to the OPD of Orthodontic department were selected. Records of 60 patients [30 high angle, 30 normal angle] were randomly selected out of the 240 records studied. Intermolar and intercanine widths were measured in millimeters using digital calipers. Mandibular plane angle was measured from cephalometric tracings using the SN Mandibular plane [CoGn SN] angle as used in Steiner's analysis. The mean intermolar width for the normal angle group was 49.18 +/- 2.69 mm and 48.56 +/- 4.44mm for the high angle group. The mean intercanine width for the normal angle group was 34.41 +/- 2.33mm and for the high angle group it was 33.13 +/- 2.60mm. Independent t test failed to show any significant [p > 0.05] difference in the IMW between normal and high angle patients. However a significant [p < 0.05] difference was observed in the intercanine width of the normal and high angle groups. In our study there was no significant difference of intermolar width whereas significant difference of intercanine width was found between normal and high angle cases. Dental Leakage Microleakage of CEM cement in two different media. Ghorbani, Zahra; Kheirieh, Sanam; Shadman, Bahareh; Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar; Asgary, Saeed Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Dental School/Dental Research Center IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 87-90 (18 ref.) Keywords: Dental Cements; Root Canal Filling Materials; Calcium Abstract: Sealing ability of root-end filling materials is of great importance. It can be investigated by measuring microleakage. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage of calcium enriched mixture [CEM] cement in two different media including phosphate buffer solution [PBS] and distilled water. Twenty single-rooted human teeth were selected. All teeth were root-end filled with CEM cement. Samples were divided into two groups of 10 each and were placed in PBS or distilled water. The microleakage was measured after 12 and 24 h, 14 and 30 days with Fluid Filtration device. Data were statistically analyzed by repeated measures test. Sealing ability of CEM cement was significantly superior in PBS compared to distilled water [P<0.05]. This study also showed that time had no significant effect on the sealing ability of CEM cement. Media can significantly affect the microleakage of CEM cement. PBS can provide more phosphorous ions for hydroxyapatite formation of CEM cement; therefore, CEM cement can seal more effectively with PBS. Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology Nickel dermatitis. Khan, Muhammad Saleem; Kazmi, Atif Hasnain E-mail:saleemderma@yahoo.com King Edward Medical University - Department of Dermatology Unit I JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 1-3 (11 ref.) Keywords: Nickel-adverse effects; Hypersensitivity; Occupational Diseases; Allergens IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   23 Dermoid Cyst diagnosis A case of retroperitoneal dermoid cyst. Bilal, Rizwan; Javed, Koukab E-mail:bilal2027@hotmail.com Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 137-139 (10 ref.) Keywords: Retroperitoneal Neoplasms-diagnosis; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms-ultrasonography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy A comparison of pioglitazone with metformin in management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Razzaq, Kashif; Ahmed, Waqar; Anwar, Rabiah; Khan, Ahmed Mushtaq; Taj, Muhammad Ali; Iqbal, Muhammad; Yousaf, Muhammad Ali E-mail:kashif_razzaq@hotmail.com Department of Medicine PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 25-31 (15 ref.) Keywords: Thiazolidinediones-pharmacology; Metformin-pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents; Blood Glucose- chemistry; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated; Treatment Outcome; Metformin-therapeutic use; Thiazolidinediones- therapeutic use Abstract: To compare hypoglycemic effect of Pioglitazone and Metformin in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Quasi experimental study. Department of Medicine, Military Hospital Rawalpindi Cantt from 11-01-2007 to 12-08-2007. Sixty patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus from outdoor department were selected. On arrival at OPD each patient was examined thoroughly. Therapeutic option was allocated to the patients simply by using a table of random numbers and dividing them in two equal groups. Informed written consent was obtained. Each patient was followed on monthly subsequent visits [six in total] and his HbA1c, fasting and random blood glucose were recorded carefully. All the data thus obtained was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 10.0. Mean and SD were calculated for age, BMI, fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose and HbA1c levels. Mean drop of all three parameters were compared among two groups. At the end of six months, it was revealed that fasting and random [2 hours postprandial] blood glucose dropped more in Pioglitazone group; P=0.000 and 0.02 respectively. While almost comparable effect was observed in HbA1c [P=0.2]. Pioglitazone has significantly better hypoglycemic effect than Metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus at the end of six months therapy. Diabetic Retinopathy epidemiology Retinopathy risk factors among diabetics in a tertiary care military hospital. Niazi, Muhammad Khizar; Ameen, Sameer Shahid; Saed, Kamran; Yaqub, Muhammad Amer; Khan, Muhammad Dawood; Arian, Muhammad Aamir PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 47-52 (25 ref.) Keywords: Diabetes Complications; Cross-Sectional Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Risk Factors; Hospitals, Military; Early Diagnosis; Regression Analysis Abstract: To determine the frequency and risk factors for severity of retinopathy in diabetic patients referred to a tertiary military hospital. Cross-sectional study. Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi from Jun 2008 to Dec 2009. Diabetic patients aged 40 to 79, referred for suspected diabetic retinopathy [DR] on fundoscopy from medical outpatient clinic of Military Hospital Rawalpindi were randomly included in the study. Participants underwent a standardized interview and examination Retinopathy was assessed through dilated pupils, and graded into absent retinopathy, mild to moderate, or advanced. Presence of clinically significant macular edema [CSME] was also recorded. To evaluate the simultaneous effect of significant risk factors on the different stages of DR, multivariate regression analysis was carried out. Out of five hundred and ten patients, DR was confirmed in 63% cases with advanced retinopathy in 21.3%. In univariate analysis, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, and presence of oedema were significantly associated with retinopathy [P<0.005] On multivariate analysis, however, only duration of IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   24 diabetes [Odds Ratio 6.15 for 5 to 10 years and 38.29 for more than 10 years] and macular oedema [OR 6.617 95% CI 3.95-11.07] remained significant. CSME was present in 173 [33%] patients and its frequency increased with the severity of DR [P<0.001]. The frequency of DR among military personnel and their dependants was high with strong association to duration of diabetes. This underscores the importance of regular retinal detect DR in the early stages and timely intervention to prevent diabetes related blindness. Dietary Fats, Unsaturated pharmacology Effect of combination of edible oils on blood pressure, lipid profile, lipid peroxidative markers, antioxidant status, and electrolytes in patients with hypertension on nifedipine treatment. Sudhakar, Balasubramanian; Kalaiarasi, Panneerdelvam; Al Numair, Khalid S.; Chandramohan, Govindasamy; Rao, Rama K.; Pugalendi, Kodukkur V. Annamalai University - Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital - Department of Biochemistry Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 379-385 (45 ref.) Keywords: Hypertension-therapy; Nifedipine-therapeutic use; Plant Oils-therapeutic use; Drug Therapy, Combination; Blood Pressure-drug effects; Lipid Peroxidation-drug effects; Antioxidants; Lipids; Electrolytes; Plants, Edible; Sesame Oil-pharmacology Abstract: To determine the effect of combination of edible oils on blood pressure, anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, lipid peroxidative markers, antioxidant status and electrolytes in drug [nifedipine] taking patients with hypertension. In this study, patients were separated into 4 groups. Normal [n=14], hypertensive patients [n=38], 38 patients under medication with nifedipine were divided into 2 groups nifedipine control [n=12] and nifedipine + oil combination [sesame + sunflower oil] groups [n=26]. Sesame and sunflower oil combination was supplied to patients and instructed to use it as the only oil source for 45 days. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured at baseline and after 45 days. Lipid peroxidative markers, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, lipid profile and electrolytes in blood were also measured. The study took place at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India between January 2005 and December 2008. Nifedipine and oil- mix consumed patients significantly decreased the blood pressure, lipid peroxidative markers, lipid profile excluding the high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], sodium, chloride, and increased enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants, HDL-C and potassium levels when compared to nifedipine alone treated hypertensive patients. Nifedipine and oil-mix provided good protection over blood pressure and lipid peroxidation, and brought enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, lipid profile, and electrolytes towards normalcy in hypertensive patients. Diphosphonates therapeutic use Intravenous pamidronate for refractory lymphedema. Beigi, A.A.; Sadeghi, A.M.; Masoudpour, H.; Shirazinejad, S.; Mottaghi, P. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Alzahra Hospital - Department of Vascular Surgery IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 263-266 (25 ref.) Keywords: Lymphedema-drug therapy; Pain Measurement; Diphosphonates-therapeutic use; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome Abstract: Based on beneficial reports of pamidronate use for reflex sympathetic dystrophy in reduction of pain and swelling, this drug can be studied as a novel treatment for refractory lymphedema. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pamidronate on lymphedema and its possible side effects. Twelve cases of lower limb refractory lymphedema were enrolled. They received intravenous pamidronate monthly for 3 consecutive months and were followed by measuring any discomfort with visual analog scale [VAS] and physician global assessment, based on objective signs of limb volume and circumference. The limb volume, circumference, and satisfaction of the patients improved significantly. Pamidronate when is added to conservative treatments may reduce lymphedema and improve the patient's comfort. Disability Evaluation Evaluation of old-age disability and related factors among an Iranian elderly population. Adib Hajbaghery, M. E-mail:adib1344@yahoo.com Kashan University of Medical Sciences - School of Nursing IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   25 EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 671-678 (29 ref.) Keywords: Aged-statistical and numerical data; Disabled Persons; Cross-Sectional Studies; Questionnaires Abstract: Old-age disability has become a public health concern. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of disability and its related factors among the elderly population in Kashan city, Islamic Republic of Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a multistage random sample of 350 elderly people. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II was used as the disability measure. Overall, 37.1% had mild ageing disability, 38.6% moderate, 20.0% severe and 4.3% extreme disability. Significant relationships were observed between disability and sex, age, living status, needing help, marital status, urban/rural residence, drug addiction, duration of addiction, employment status, having regular physical activity, level of education, health perception, history of hospitalization in the last year and having multiple diseases. Considering the rapid increase in the aged population in Islamic Republic of Iran, more attention should be paid to the health of elderly people. Domestic Violence psychology Physical violence against women and its effect on child morbidity. Lafta, Riyadh K.; Al Nuaimi, Maha A. Mostansiriya University - College of Medicine JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 41-48 (20 ref.) Keywords: Women's Health; Prevalence; Battered Women; Health Status; Morbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Population Surveillance; Child Psychology; Severity of Illness Index Abstract: To assess the prevalence of physical domestic violence against women in Mosul city and to investigate the relationship between domestic violence and the extent and severity of children illness. A cross-sectional population- based study with a face-to-face structured interview was conducted, 800 married women [each of whom should has at least one baby] were interviewed. The results showed that 22.3% of the women in Mosul city are exposed to physical violence. Episodes of physical health problems were significantly higher among children of mothers who are abused by their partners than in children of non-abused women. Those mothers [with violence] are at double risk of having children with more severe and numerous attacks of various morbidities [RR= 2.4, CI= 2.36-2.43]. Domestic physical violence against Iraqi women is currently present, and relatively common. The physical abuse against women inside their homes is positively associated with a significant high risk [frequency and severity] of various diseases affecting their children. Dyskinesias diagnosis Hemiballismus-hemichorea in a 55 years old diabetic female patient with non-ketotic hyperglycaemia. Khattak, Abdul Latif; Nasser A.K.; Naeem, M.A.; Akhter, F. Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 135-136 (10 ref.) Keywords: Movement Disorders; Diabetes Complications; Brain-pathology; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ectodermal Dysplasia diagnosis A 4-year-old male child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Kamran, Tauseef; Asif, Tariq E-mail:dr_t_k@yahoo.com Shalamar Hospital - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 69-70 (8 ref.) Keywords: Hypohidrosis-complications; Ectodermal Dysplasia-genetics; Eccrine Glands-pathology Abstract: A 4-year-old male child presented with history of dry skin, scanty scalp hair, and decreased sweating since birth. On examination scalp hair were scanty, thin, dry and brownish in color. Facial features were frontal bossing, saddle shaped nose, thick everted lips and low set large ears. There was partial adontia with only one conical incisor IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   26 tooth. There was generalized dryness of the skin. Mucosae and nails were normal. Histopathology of the skin showed rudimentary and decreased number of eccrine sweat glands, which confirmed the diagnosis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Endodermal Sinus Tumor diagnosis Primary yolk sac [endodermal sinus] tumour of the vulva: a case report. Subrahmanya, Nagesh Babu; Kapadi, Surendra Nayak; Junaid, T.A. E-mail:nageshbabu_s1@rediffmail.com Maternity Hospital - Department of Histopathology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 90-92 (11 ref.) Keywords: Vulvar Neoplasms; alpha-Fetoproteins; Immunohistochemistry; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Vulvar Neoplasms-diagnosis Abstract: To report a case of primary yolk sac [endodermal sinus] tumour [YST] of the vulva which is very rare and to highlight some unusual features of this tumour in the vulva. A 23-year-old woman presented with a 1-month swelling in the right labium majus that was non-tender and rapidly increasing in size. The mass was excised; it grossly measured 6 x 5 x 3 cm and was firm with a grey white cut surface. Microscopically it showed features of YST. The patient returned to the clinic only after 2 months with a recurrent mass of almost the same size with ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. At that time serum a-fetoprotein showed only a mild increase [13.4 micro g/l, normal: 0-10 micro g/l]. Further management was not possible as she decided to return to her native country for treatment. A literature review shows that local excision with lymphadenectomy followed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the best mode of treatment for primary YST of the vulva. This case is presented for its rarity and to highlight the fact that serum a- fetoprotein estimation may not aid in the primary diagnosis or detection of recurrence in patients on follow-up for YST arising in the vulva unlike those seen in the gonads. Endometrial Neoplasms genetics P53 expression in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. Ahmed, Nadya Y.; Isaac, Rivan Hermiz Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 28-34 (34 ref.) Keywords: Endometrial Hyperplasia-genetics; Genes, p53; Immunohistochemistry; Gene Expression; Mutation, Missense; Genes, Tumor Suppressor Abstract: Mutations of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and alterations in its protein expression often occur in a variety of human malignant tumors, including endometrial carcinoma, but the practical implications of this phenomenon are yet to be fully exploited. This study was designed to evaluate P53 protein expression in normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium by immunohistochemical study and to correlate P53 expression in endometrial carcinoma with other clinic-pathological prognostic parameters [age, histologic type, tumor grade, cervical and myometrial invasion, and tumor stage]. The studied samples included 100 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded endometrial tissue specimens which were divided to the following diagnostic categories: - Proliferative endometrium [n=10]; secretory endometrium [n=10]; simple hyperplasia [n=10]; complex hyperplasia without atypia [n=20]; atypical complex hyperplasia [n=10] and endometrial carcinoma [n=40]. .None of the normal endometrium, simple hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia without atypia showed P53 immunostaining, while 20% of atypical complex hyperplasia and 32.5% of endometrial carcinoma showed immunoreactivity for P53. In endometrial carcinoma, significant correlation was observed between P53 expression and age at diagnosis, histological grade,FIGO stage, myometrial invasion and cervical invasion ; but not with the histological type . The results indicated the validity and simplicity of the application of immunohistochemistry in determining the status of P53 overexpresion which is strongly associated with endometrial carcinoma aggressiveness and high malignant potential. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   27 Endophthalmitis prevention and control Drainage of hypopyon followed by intracameral moxifloxacin in a case of acute post operative endophthalmitis. Dar, Asad Jamal; Chohan, Sofia Military Hospital - Eye Department PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 140-142 (10 ref.) Keywords: Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Cataract Extraction-adverse effects; Aza Compounds-adverse effects; Aza Compounds-therapeutic use; Postoperative Complications-prevention and control; Quinolines-therapeutic use; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Drainage Entamoebiasis diagnosis Comparative study between PCR and microscopic examination in diagnosing Entamoeba histolytica. Rashed, Samia Mostafa; Nasr, Mona El Sayed; Abdallah, Karim Fetouh; Eraky, Maysa Ahmad; Nagieb, Marwa Mohammed Benha University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Parasitology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 89-98 (43 ref.) Keywords: Polymerase Chain Reaction-methods; Microscopy-methods; Comparative Study; Dysentery-etiology Abstract: Differentiation between E. histolytica and non pathogenic species as Entamoeba dispar, which are morphologically identical species, is essential for rapid treatment decision, precaution of the invasive disease and public health. This study evaluated the real time PCR for detection of intestinal amoebiasis in comparison with microscopic examination. Stool samples were obtained from symptomatic 40 patients from outpatient clinic of Benha University Hospitals and Benha Educational Hospital. Twenty suffered from dysentery and 20 cases were not suffering dysentery. In addition 10 stool samples of other parasitic infection as Giardia lamblia and Cryptospordium parvum were examined by direct smear, iodine stained smear, formol ether concentration technique and real time PCR for detection of E. histolytica DNA. Formol ether concentration technique showed that 20 [40%] samples were positive for E. histolytica but real time PCR showed 26 [52%] positivity. All samples positive by microscopy were also positive by PCR and additional 6 PCR positive cases. There was no cross reaction with other parasites as G. lamblia and C. parvum. Eosinophilic Granuloma Eosinophilic granuloma: presenting as a draining fistula. Kaur, Apjit; Ojha, B.K.; Jaiswal, Vishal; Pandey, Sukant E-mail:apjit@rediffmail.com Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University - Oculophasty Clinic - Department of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 93-95 (6 ref.) Keywords: Orbital Neoplasms; Fistula; Orbit-abnormalities; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Biopsy, Fine-Needle Abstract: A case report of an orbital eosinophilic granuloma presenting as a fistula in a 15-year-old boy is presented. The patient had a history of a painful right upper eyelid swelling which required drainage and was considered as an abscess. An increase in swelling occurred and a small fistula appeared in the area subsequently. Computed tomography scan revealed a large soft tissue lesion in right superolateral orbit having intracranial extradural extension with destruction of bony orbital margin. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion revealed eosinophilic granuloma. A complete excision of the lesion was performed by a brow incision and histopathological examination of the excised specimen confirmed diagnosis. Although upper eyelid area eosinophilic granuloma is known to occur, its presentation as a fistula is not known. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   28 Eyelids Bilateral subepidermal calcified nodules of the eyelid. Al Malki, Salem; Al Faky, Yasser H.; Al Rikabi, Ammar C. E-mail:salem804@hotmail.com King Saud University - College of Medicine - Ophthalmology Department SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 81-83 (6 ref.) Keywords: Epidermal Cyst; Eyelid Neoplasms Abstract: A subepidermal calcified nodule [SCN] is an uncommon benign lesion, which usually develops in early childhood and is typically solitary. A rare form of this lesion has been reported in the eyelid. We report here a case of a 12-year-old girl with bilateral nodules of the right upper eyelid and a left lower eyelid simulating epidermal cyst. The histopathologic examination of the excised nodule confirmed the diagnosis. To our knowledge, this may be the first bilateral case of eyelid SCN reported in the literature. Falconiformes parasitology Caryospora biarmicusis sp.n. [Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae] infecting falcons from the genus Falco in Saudi Arabia. Alyousif, M.S.; Alfaleh, F.A.; Al Shawa, Y.R. King Saud University - College of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 1-6 (10 ref.) Keywords: Apicomplexa-parasitology; Feces Abstract: The oocysts of Caryospora biarmicusis sp.n. is described from the feces of the lanner falcon, Falco biarmicus, from the falcon market in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Sporulated oocysts are ovoid in shape, measuring 40.2 x 34.7 [37.5-42.4 x 32.9-35.7] microm; shape index [L/W] is 1.16 [1.08-1.31] microm. The oocyst wall is smooth and bi- layered. Micropyle and polar granule are absent, but an oocyst residuum is present. Sporocysts are spheroid, 20.1 [18.6-21.3] microm; with a smooth single-layered wall, lacking Stieda body. Sporocyst residuum is present as numerous small granules. Sporozoites are stout with a large single refractile body. Fascioliasis diagnosis Fasciola Hepatica worm swims in the gallbladder. Hawrami, Tahir Abdullah University of Sulymaniah Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 1-4 (6 ref.) Keywords: Fasciola; Gallbladder-parasitology; Bile-parasitology; Gallbladder Diseases-diagnosis; Cholecystectomy; Fascioliasis-surgery Abstract: Human infestation with liver flukes is rare, as they are accidental host by ingestion of contaminated water and vegetables. To document the presence of this disease in Iraq/ Kurdistan region, we are reporting this case of Fasciola Hepatica infestation to a young lady with recurrent attacks of Rt. Abdominal pain. The worm was found, during cholecystectomy, swimming in the bile of gallbladder. Fibroadenoma diagnosis Eccrine syringofibroadenoma: an unusual presentation of a rare disease. Achar, Arun; Naskar, Biswanath; Chatterjee, Gobinda; Pal, Mallika; Ray, Saugata E-mail:achararun@rediffmail.com Midnapore Medical College - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 58-60 (10 ref.) Keywords: Eccrine Glands-pathology; Syringoma; Immunohistochemistry IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   29 Abstract: Eccrine syringofibroadenoma [ESFA] is a rare disorder with differentiation towards ductal eccrine apparatus. There are a variety of clinical manifestations and distribution of lesions but the histopathological features are remarkably similar with benign appearing anastomosing cords of eccrine ductal epithelial cells with or without lumina formation, are embedded in loose fibrovascular stroma. We report a case of 55-year-old Muslim man having large pale pink slightly verrucous plaque on right upper back since last 20 years with central ulceration for 8 years. Punch biopsy was done and showed features of ESFA. Ficus The effect of fig tree latex [ficus carica] on stomach cancer line. Hashemi, S.A.; Abediankenari, S.; Ghasemi, M.; Azadbakht, M.; Yousefzadeh, Y.; Dehpour, A.A. Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Microbiology and Immunology IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 272-275 (21 ref.) Keywords: Stomach Neoplasms-prevention and control; Cysteine Proteases-therapeutic use; Disease Progression; Cell Proliferation-drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor-drug effects Abstract: The therapeutic effect of herbal materials in inhibition of cancer cell growth was shown. This study investigates the effect of fig tree latex [Ficus carica] on stomach cancer line. The in vitro effect of different doses of fig tree latex on stomach cancer cell line and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was evaluated after 72 hours. Fig tree latex could inhibit the proliferation of cancer cell line without any cytotoxic effect on human normal cells. Five mg/ml was the optimum concentration in inhibition of cell line growth. Cancer cell line was more sensitive to Ficus carica latex than normal cells. This anticancer activity might be due to presence of its proteolytic enzymes. Filariasis transmission Geographical distribution and relative abundance of culicine mosquitoes in relation to transmission of lymphatic filariasis in El Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Abdel Hamid, Yousrya M.; Soliman, Mohamed I.; Kenawy, Mohamed A. Ministry of Health - The General Organization for Institutes Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 109-118 (31 ref.) Keywords: Culicidae-growth and development; Wuchereria bancrofti-parasitology Abstract: Culicine mosquito were surveyed in El Menoufia Governorate [October to November 2008 and April to May 2009] in villages representing eight districts. Six species were reported: Culex [Culex] pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. [Cx] perexiguus Theobald, Cx. [Cx.] antennatus [Becker], Aedes [Ochlerotatus] caspius [Pallas], Aedes [Ochlerotatus] detritus [Haliday] and Culiseta [Allotheobaldia] longiareolata [Macquart]. Cx. pipiens, the main filariasis vector was the commonest or predominating species [ca. 47% adults and 92% larvae, P<0.01]. For the common species, the following were investigated: 1-temperature and pH of the breeding habitats and their relation to the larval density and 2-relation of adult indoor density with indoor-and outdoor-temperature and RH. Besides, parasitologically, Wuchereria bancrofti cases [33/631 blood samples, 5.23%] were detected in three districts [range=1.96-14.12% infection]. The cases were associated with the abundance of Cx. pipiens adults [ca. 45-62% of the collected adults]. Fishes Residues of some heavy metals in freshwater fish [Oreochromis niloticus and Labeo niloticus] in Assiut city markets. Essa, H.H.; Rateb, H.Z. Animal Health Research institute - Department of Food Hygiene Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 31-39 (38 ref.) Keywords: Metals, Heavy; Cichlids; Lead-analysis; Cadmium-analysis; Mescury-analysis; Fresh Water-chemistry Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the residues of lead [Pb] cadmium [Cd] and mercury [Hg] in the muscles of the freshwater fish, 40 random samples [20 from Oreochromis niloticus and [20 from Labeo niloticul] were used and collected from different markets In Assiut City, Egypt. They were analyzed by using Ph meter Orion 920 research electrode. The results revealed that levels of Pb, Cd and Hg in the Oreochromis niloticus samples were 0.125 [0.046-1.126], 0.976 [0.198-1.938] ppm and 4.875 [3.686-7.220] micro g/kg, respectively. While the concentration of Pb, Cd and Hg were 0.119 [0.021-0.721], 0.621 [0.379-1.032] ppm and 4.039 [3.687. 5.620] micro g/kg. In the Laheo niloticus sample respectively. The results of this study indicate that the Pb, Cd concentrations in all examined samples were lowed than the Egyptian Organization of Standardizatian and Quality Control [EOSQC, 1993]. The consumption of these contaminated fish regularly even in a small amounts for long time may lead to health troubles. Public health importance and the hazardous toxic effects of the examined heavy metals as well as the suggestive recommendation to reduce or control the sources of pollution to the fresh water fish with these metals were discussed. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   30 Fissure in Ano drug therapy Comparison of lateral internal sphincterotomy with 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate in the management of chronic anal fissure. Habib Ur Rehman; Pervez, Mohammad E-mail:habib_implusive@yahoo.com PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 12-15 (19 ref.) Keywords: Nitroglycerin-therapeutic use; Fissure in Ano-surgery; Treatment Outcome; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Ointments; Chronic Disease; Random Allocation Abstract: To compare the effectiveness of topical Glyceryl trinitrate Ointment with Lateral internal Sphincterotomy in terms of relief of pain healing of fissure and absence of bleeding over a period of two months. Randomized controlled trial. Department of Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Peshawar from Feb 2007 to August 2007. This study included 80 patients of chronic anal fissure. Patients were randomly divided in two groups with 40 patients in each group. One group was prescribed with 0.2% GTN Ointment intra anally 4 times a day for 8 weeks in OPD [group A]. Second group was admitted in Surgical ward and lateral internal sphincterotomy was performed on each patient by open technique under general anaesthesia [group B]. In Group A 33 [82.5%] patients had healed fissure at the end of 8 weeks While in group B 37 out of 40 [92.5%] patients had healed fissure at the end of 8 weeks. 0.2% Glyceryl trinitrate can be offered as first line of treatment for chronic anal fissure which means that surgery can be avoided in more than 82% of the patients. Flax Manipulation of flaxseed inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 production in ovarian-induced osteoporosis. Abdelkarem, Hala M.; Abdel Kader, Madeha M.; Kasem, Seham A. E-mail:halaabdelkarem@yahoo.com King Saud University - Food Sciences and Agriculture College - Food Sciences and Nutrition Department Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 369-375 (51 ref.) Keywords: Osteoporosis-drug therapy; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-drug effects; Interleukin-6-blood; Plant Oils- therapeutic use; Cytokines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Case-Control Studies; Random Allocation; Estrogens-deficiency Abstract: To evaluate the potential effects of whole flaxseed [FS], and/or flax oil [FO] incorporation into the diet on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in ovariectomized [OVX] rats model of osteoporosis. This study was performed in the Food Science and Agriculture College, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from October to December 2009. Forty-eight, 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: Group 1 - sham + control diet; Group 2 - OVX rats + basal diet; Group 3- OVX + 20% whole FS; Group 4 - OVX rats + 40% FS; Group 5 - OVX rats + 5% FO; Group 6 - OVX rats + 10% FO. All OVX rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy. The experiment was continued for 2 months. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase [B-ALP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], calcium [Ca], phosphorous [P], and magnesium [Mg] were measured. A significant increase of serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha concentrations were observed between OVX rats when compared with Group 1, while there was no significant difference in the activity of B-ALP, serum Ca, P. and Mg among all groups. A remarkable significant decrease of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha. was observed in the group of rats that were fed with FS [Groups 3 and 4] and FO [Groups 5 and 6]. This study suggests that FS and FO might be useful in the prevention of estrogen-deficiency induced osteoporosis via decreasing osteoclastogenesis. Further studies are needed to demonstrate their efficacy in humans by using bioactive components of FS, and to clarify their mechanism of action. Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary methods Treatment of type III supracondylar fracture of humerus in children, Backslab vs. no Backslab after open reduction internal fixation. Maqbool, Nouman; Iqbal, Amjad Fauji Foundation Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 124-126 (13 ref.) Keywords: Humeral Fractures-surgery; Bone Wires; Internal Fixators; Treatment Outcome; Elbow Joint-injuries; Wound Healing; Child IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   31 Abstract: To compare the results of application of pop back slab Vs no back slab after open reduction internal fixation in type III supracondylar humeral fracture. Randomized controlled trial. Department of orthopedics, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi Duration: From 01 August, 2008 to 3ljuly, 2009. Patients with type III supracondylar humeral fracturers aged between 05 to 12 years were recruited from the outpatient and emergency department of Orthopaedic surgery Fauji Foundation Hospital [FFH], Rawalpindi. Open reduction internal fixation was done, Kochers approach was used and fixation was secured with two k-wires. Of total 70 patients, 52 [74.28%] were males and 18 [25.72%] were females. Forty two [60%] of the patients had age range between 05 to 08, and 28 [40%] were between 09 to 12 years old. In 51 [72.85%] left elbow was involved while right elbow was involved in 19 patients [27.15%]. Outcome of the procedure was analyzed according to Flynn's criteria showing excellent results in 21 patients [60%], good in 9 [25.71%], fair in 04 [11.43%] and poor in 01 [2.86%] in Group-I [with back slab] while in Group-II [without back slab] the results were excellent in 22 patients [62.85%], good in 7 [20%], fair in 04 [11.43%] and poor in 02 [5.72%]. By comparing patients with and without back slabs after OR1F of supracondylar fractures, we found no additional benefit in terms of stability, instead achieving early rehabilitation period, avoids extra cost and save valuable time of the surgical team without compromising any functional and cosmetic difference. Fractures, Open drug therapy Comparison the efficacy of cefazolin plus gentamicin with cefazolin plus ciprofloxacin in management of type -IIIA open fractures. Janmohammadi, N.; Roshan, M.R. Hasanjani E-mail:dr_Janmohammadi@yahoo.com Babol Medical University - Shahid Beheshti Hospital - Department of Orthopedics IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 239-242 (20 ref.) Keywords: Ciprofloxacin-therapeutic use; Cefazolin-therapeutic use; Gentamicins-therapeutic use; Wound Healing- drug effects; Wound Infection-prevention and control; Treatment Outcome; Drug Therapy, Combination; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents Abstract: The optimal antibiotic regimen is still controversial in open fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different antibiotic regimens in management of type III-A open fractures. From January 2001 to January 2008, patients with type IIIA open fractures admitted in Shahid Beheshti Hospital Affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Patients randomly received cefazolin plus gentamicin [group I] or cefazolin plus ciprofloxacin [group II]. Both regimens were administered for 3 days. All patients were followed for 3 months. The efficacy of both regimens was compared. One hundred-forty eight and 153 patients were treated in group I and II, respectively. The mean age of the patients treated in group I was 36.96 +/- 14.4 and in group II was 36.93 +/- 13.51 years. The rate of deep infection in group I was 5.4% and in group II was 6.5%. The efficacy of regimen I was 94.6% and regimen II was 93.5%. Cefazolin plus gentamicin, or cefazolin plus ciprofloxacin both can be successfully used for prevention of infection in type IIIA open fractures. Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl genetics Molecular screening of pointmutation [T3151] using allele specific oligonucleotides-polymerase chain reaction [ASO-PCR]. Dhahi, Maysaa Abdul Razaq; Mohaymen, Nidhal Abdul; Murad, Nabeel Salman E-mail:dr_maysaa@yahoo.com Al Nahrain University - College of Medicine - Department of Microbiology JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 10-14 (18 ref.) Keywords: Pyrimidines-therapeutic use; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive-genetics; Mutation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; DNA Mutational Analysis-methods; Protein Kinase Inhibitors Abstract: The development of the BCR-ABL targeted Imatinib Mesylate [IM] represent a paradigm shift in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia [CML]. However, a considerable number of CML patients have been reported to show resistance to IM, leading to relapses. The purpose of this paper is to screening for T3151 mutation in patients who are showing criteria of resistance or relapse, using Allele Specific Oligonucleotides Polymerase Chain Reaction [ASO-PCR]. A total of 24 DNA samples related to 18 CML patients of non-responder to IM were analyzed for T3151. They received daily dose of IM [300-400] mg for a mean duration 35 months. They were followed up hematologically, cytogenetically and molecularly every 3-6 months. They had not achieved complete hematological response [CHR], major cytogenetic response [MCyR] or major molecular response [MMR] along the follow up duration and until the end of this study. DNA was extracted from 100 micro l of venous blood [VB] using DNA isolation kit. Screening for the presence of T3151 mutation was done using [ASO-PCR]. PCR products were electrophoresed using 2.5% agarose gel IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   32 electrophoresis. Agarose gel electrophoresis of ASO-PCR amplified products showed just one band of about [158 bp] in the lanes of wild-type alleles, indicating that non of those patients were harboring such mutation. There was no evidence that the initial lack of CHR, CyR or MMR in CML patients treated with IM due to the presence of T3151 mutation but those patients may have carried other types of mutations result in shift in sensitivity that may allow sufficient kinase activity to initiate disease progression in the presence of IM. Gait Gait analysis of patients with metal-on-metal resurfacing hip arthroplasty compared with big- femoral-head total hip arthroplasty. Chen, Yun Su; Zhao, Song; Cao, Le; Zhang, Xian Long Shanghai Jiaotong University - The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 394-399 (21 ref.) Keywords: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip-methods; Hip Joint-physiopathology; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip- instrumentation; Postoperative Period; Hip Joint-surgery Abstract: To evaluate gait patterns in patients with metal-on-metal resurfacing hip arthroplasty [RHA] compared with big-femoral-head total hip arthroplasty [BHA] at one year postoperatively. In this retrospective comparative observational study, 2 groups of 30 resurfacing hip arthroplasty [RHA] and big-femoral-head total hip arthroplasty [BHA] patients participated between June 2006 and March 2009 in the Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Gait parameters and range of motion [ROM] in gait cycles were measured by Vicon gait analysis system and were used to calculate operated/contralateral ratios. No significant difference was found between gait parameter ratios, Hospital for Special Surgery Score [HSS], and University of California at Los Angeles Score [UCLA] of the 2 groups. However, there was significant difference between ROM ratios in gait cycles. Range of motions of operated hip joint were more similar to that of contra-lateral side in RHA group [hip flexion/extension p=0.007, hip abduction/adductionp=0.005, hip rotation p=0.006, knee flexion/extension p=0.037]. Gait parameters of patients who underwent RHA and BHA are approaching to normal values at one year postoperatively. At the time point, ROMs of RHA patients are larger than that of BHA patients during walking. General Surgery education Operative notes: a simple yet effective teaching resource for training. Jawaid, Masood; Masood, Zubaida; Humayun, Sidra Dow University of Health Sciences - Civil Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 3-6 (15 ref.) Keywords: Professional Practice-standards; Medical Records-standards; Forms and Records Control; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Questionnaires; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: To find out the opinion of surgical team about teaching of operative notes and whether writing of operative notes is taught during surgical training. Cross Sectional Study Civil Hospital, Karachi from July to September 2007. Convenience sampling was used to include participants. A questionnaire was filled on the spot that included questions about formal teaching and operative notes either they should be hand written or typed how operative notes were learned knowledge about any guideline, counselling about syntax to be avoided in writing, record of swab and instrument count opinion about possible implications and need of standard national guidelines. A total of 154 surgical residents and consultants filled in the questionnaires. Responding to question about documenting operative notes 69.5% preferred them to be hand written while 32.5% wanted typed notes. Most of them [81.8%] think that formal operative notes teaching is important. About half [46.1%] of the surgeons learned operative notes from senior trainee 40.3% by reading other operative notes and 22.1% learned them by doing. Only 45% responded that they had some form of formal teaching about writing operative notes. It is important to realize that not a single respondent knew any guidelines about writing operative notes. Majority of the surgeons [87.7%] felt that there is a need of National guidelines about operative notes. There is lack of teaching about how to write standard operative notes during surgical training. Formal teaching in this regard can improve the quality of documentation and offer multiple advantages including improvement of surgical training and patient care. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   33 Giardiasis drug therapy Effect of mirazid [Commiphora molmol] on experimental giardiasis. Fathy, Fouad M. Alexandria University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Parasitology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 155-177 (72 ref.) Keywords: Plant Extracts-therapeutic use; Rats Abstract: Mirazid-a purified oleo-resin extract derived from myrrh-with previously proved trematocidal activity, has been recently reported to be also effective against protozoa like Trichomonas vaginalis and cryptosporidium in humans. This experimental study aimed at investigating the possible therapeutic effect of mirazid on experimental Giardia lamblia infection in albino rats, using tinidazole as a therapeutic control. Results proved the efficacy of mirazid, as indicated by a 100% reduction in parasite-load of both intestinal and fecal parasitic counts, a direct toxic effect on Giardia trophozoite as revealed by SEM and TEM in form of cell membrane erosions together with increased cytoplasmic vaculation and dissociation, and also by reversal of the observed mucosal damage associated with Giardia after complete treatment. Starting trophozoite invasion of the mucosa was also demonstrated by TEM; its mechanism and possible pathogenic effect in giardiasis were discussed. Goiter, Nodular Effect of levothyroxine suppression therapy on plasma thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor antigen levels in benign thyroid nodules. Akinci, Baris; Demir, Tevfik; Comlekci, Abdurrahman; Yener, Serkan; Ozcan, Mehmet Ali; Karaoglu, Oguzhan; Yuksel, Faize; Secil, Mustafa; Yesil, Sena E-mail:baris.akinci@deu.edu.tr Dokuz Eylul University - Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 23-28 (27 ref.) Keywords: Thyroxine; Thrombin; Fibrinolysis; Carboxypeptidase U; Thyroid Nodule; Prospective Studies; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Hyperthyroidism Abstract: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the effect of LT4 suppression therapy on plasma thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor [TAFI] antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1] levels in benign thyroid nodules. We also compared hyperthyroid patients and healthy controls. Twenty premenopausal women with benign thyroid nodules were given LT4 suppression therapy for 1 year. Plasma TAFI and PAI-1 antigen levels were measured at baseline and after LT4 suppression treatment. The endogenous hyperthyroid group was composed of 19 premenopausal females with newly diagnosed endogenous hyperthyroidism. Eighteen age-matched euthyroid healthy premenopausal women were enrolled as the control group. TAFI antigen levels decreased after LT4 suppression treatment; however, the difference was not statistically significant [p = 0.057]. LT4 treatment resulted in a nonsignificant increase in PAI-1 levels. Patients with endogenous hyperthyroidism had decreased levels of TAFI antigen and increased levels of PAI-1 antigen [p < 0.05]. There was a negative correlation between the FT4 and TAFI antigen levels. Serum TSH was positively correlated with the plasma levels of TAFI antigen. LT4 suppression therapy for benign thyroid nodules did not result in a significant decrease in TAFI antigen levels in premenopausal women, but endogenous hyperthyroidism was associated with significantly decreased levels of TAFI antigen. surgery Total thyroidectomy for multi - nodular goitre. Ali, Muhammad Asghar; Raziq, Sohail; Khan, Waseem Ahmed; Majeed, Shahid Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 7-11 (32 ref.) Keywords: Thyroidectomy-methods; Treatment Outcome; Hypocalcemia; Recurrence; Follow-Up Studies Abstract: To assess the efficacy and safety of total thyroidectomy for benign multi-nodular goitre. Descriptive study. The study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Kharian from January 2004 to December 2008. A total of 66 patients with bilateral benign multi nodular goitre [61 females and 5 males] underwent total thyroidectomy. Sixty two cases were euthyroid while 4 had hyperthyroidism Surgical dissection techniques involved identifying both recurrent laryngeal nerves through out their course, securing of parathyroid glands with their intact blood supply and ligation of inferior thyroid artery branches close to the thyroid capsule. All the patients were evaluated post operatively for signs of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism and other complications. All patients were put on thyroxin replacement therapy post-operatively and were followed for 9 to 12 months. There was no injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves. One case of injury to external laryngeal nerve was found. Transient hypocalcaemia occurred in 4 patients without permanent hypoparathyroidism. All cases of transient IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   34 hypocalcaemia recovered fully within 3 months. Four patients had occult malignancy diagnosed post-operatively on histo-pathology. In experienced hands total thyroidectomy is an effective and relatively safe operation for benign multi- nodular goitre and its complication rate is same as that of a sub-total thyroidectomy. Graves Ophthalmopathy Medical management of thyroid eye disease. Yang, Dawn D.; Gonzalez, Mithra O.; Durairaj, Vikram D. University of Colorado Denver - School of Medicine - Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 3-13 (123 ref.) Keywords: Exophthalmos; Antigens, CD4; Antigens, CD8; Autoantibodies; Graves Disease; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived-therapeutic use; Glucocorticoids-therapeutic use; Immunomodulation Abstract: Thyroid eye disease [TED] is the most common cause of orbital disease in adults. The immunologic pathogenesis of TED has been an area of active research and considerable progress has resulted in an expansion of therapeutic options. Although surgical intervention may be required, a majority of TED patients can be managed with medical therapies. Of medical therapies, glucocorticoids remain the agent of choice in the control of TED activity. The objective of this review is to discuss the paradigm and options in medical management of TED. Thyroid associated orbitopathy: understanding pathophysiology. Chaudhry, Imtiaz A. E-mail:ichaudhry@kkesh.med.sa King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital - Oculoplastic and Orbit Division SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 1-2 (12 ref.) Keywords: Exophthalmos; Antigens, CD4; Antigens, CD8; Autoantibodies; Graves Disease Thyroid-associated orbitopathy: current insights into the pathophysiology, immunology and management. Bhatt, Rina; Nelson, Christine C.; Douglas, Raymond S. University of Michigan - Kellogg Eye Center - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 15-20 (59 ref.) Keywords: Exophthalmos; Autoantibodies; Graves Disease; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived-therapeutic use; Immunomodulation; Fibroblasts; T-Lymphocytes; B-Lymphocytes; Antibodies, Monoclonal-therapeutic use Abstract: Half the patients suffering from Graves' disease develop thyroid-associated orbitopathy [TAO]. The severity of TAO varies considerably with a mild form characterized by dry eyes and discomfort to the severe form with sight-threatening exposure keratopathy and optic neuropathy. The pathogenesis and immunologic mechanisms underlying Graves' disease and TAO is unknown, however, advances toward this understanding have indicated a prominent role of orbital fibroblasts, T cells and B cells. These advances have led to novel strategies for clinical treatment using immunomodulatory modalities. Initial results included use of infliximab and etanercept [anti-TNF agents], but currently there is an increasing interest in anti-B cell [Rituximab] therapy. Rituximab has shown promising results in progressive, sight-threatening TAO. It has also shown encouraging results in halting or slowing the disease process in patients unresponsive to corticosteroids. The primary advantage of these immunomodulatory agents is based upon targeting the molecular mediators of the disease and avoiding the potential side effects of non-specific therapies. Halitosis microbiology Comparison of the use of the halimeter and the Oral Chroma[TM] in the assessment of the ability of common cultivable oral anaerobic bacteria to produce malodorous volatile sulfur compounds from cysteine and methionine. Salako, Nathanael O.; Philip, Leeba E-mail:natsalako@hsc.edu.kw Kuwait University - Faculty of Dentistry - Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 75-79 (25 ref.) Keywords: Bacteria, Anaerobic; Sulfur Compounds-metabolism; Cysteine-metabolism; Methionine; Oral Hygiene; Oral Health; Dental Plaque-microbiology; Volatilization Abstract: To compare the use of the Halimeter and the Oral Chroma[TM] to assess the ability of common oral anaerobic bacteria isolated from the Kuwaiti population to produce volatile sulfur compounds [VSCs]. Broth cultures of common anaerobes isolated from supragingival plaque were centrifuged and pellets resuspended in phosphate buffer [pH 7.7] with an optical density OD550 of 0.3. 100 micro l of this suspension and 870 micro l of buffer were added in 2 IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   35 sterile 15-ml head space vials. Reaction was initiated by addition of 30 micro l of 33 mML-methionine and L-cysteine, respectively, in each vial and incubation at 37°C for 90 min. 500 micro l of 3 M phosphoric acid was added to tubes and was kept aside for 10 min. Production of VSCs was measured using the Halimeter and the Oral Chroma. The major VSC producers identified by both Halimeter and Oral Chroma with L-cystenine as substrate were Campylobacter ureolyticus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Gemella morbillorum. The concentrations of hydrogen sulfide recorded by both Halimeter and Oral Chroma were essentially identical. With L-methionine as substrate, both Halimeter and Oral Chroma identified different complements of anaerobes with C. ureolyticus, P. gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and P. intermedia as major VSC producers. The concentrations of methyl mercaptan recorded by the Halimeter were lower compared to those assessed by the Oral Chroma. The results suggest that the Oral Chroma may produce a more comprehensive assessment of VSC production by oral microflora than the Halimeter. Headache Disorders Surgical outcomes for rhinogenic contact point headaches. Bektas, Devrim; Alioglu, Zekeriya; Akyol, Nurettin; Ural, Ahmet; Bahadir, Osman; Caylan, Refik E-mail:devrimbektas@yahoo.com Karadeniz Technical University - School of Medicine - Department of Otolaryngology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 29-33 (23 ref.) Keywords: Headache; Endoscopy; Treatment Outcome; Pain Measurement; Paranasal Sinuses-surgery; Turbinates; Nasal Septum-abnormalities Abstract: To evaluate the surgical outcome in patients diagnosed as having rhinogenic contact point headaches [RCPH]. Thirty-six patients [aged 17-58 years] with RCPH underwent mini functional endoscopic sinus surgery procedures. Patients' pain complaints were evaluated with a visual analog scale [VAS] both pre- and postoperatively. All patients reported a decrease in the intensity of pain postoperatively. Nineteen patients [52.7%] reported complete relief. The difference between the preoperative [mean 8.62] and postoperative VAS pain scores [mean 2.11] was statistically very significant [p = 0.0000]. No major complications were encountered. The removal of contact points in patients with RCPH is very effective in carefully selected patients. Health Status Disparities Health disparities between Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Razzak, J.A.; Khan, U.R.; Azam, I.; Nasrullah, M.; Pasha, O.; Malik, M.; Ghaffar, A. E-mail:Junaid.razzak@aku.edu Aga Khan University - Department of Emergency Medicine EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 654-664 (40 ref.) Keywords: Islam; Religion and Medicine; Life Expectancy; Infant Mortality; Maternal Mortality Abstract: We examined differences in health indicators and associated factors across countries according to the proportion of the population who are Muslim. Of 190 UN countries, 48 were classified as Muslim-majority countries [MMC] and 142 as non-MMC. Data on 41 potential determinants of health were obtained from 10 different data sources, and 4 primary outcome measures [male and female life expectancy, maternal mortality ratio and infant mortality rate] were analysed. Annual per capita expenditure on health in MMC was one-fifth that of non-MMC. Maternal mortality and infant mortality rates were twice as high in MMC as non-MMC. Adult literacy rate was significantly higher for non-MMC. Four significant predictors explained 52%-72% of the differences in health outcomes between the 2 groups: gross national income, literacy rate, access to clean water and level of corruption. Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced epidemiology Noise induced hearing loss among artillery soldiers. Ayub, Zeeshan; Ahmed, Azeema E-mail:zeeshanent@yahoo.com Khyber Rifles Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 114-116 (19 ref.) Keywords: Military Personnel; Occupational Exposure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Audiometry Abstract: To determine whether there is a significant difference in hearing threshold of artillery soldiers and non artillery soldiers. A cross sectional comparative study. This study was done at Khyber Rifles Hospital Landikotal over four months time from 10th September 2009 to 31st December 2009. Study group comprised sixty males thirty of whom were engaged in firing of artillery guns and thirty with sedentary jobs. Pure tone Audiometry [PTA] was done for IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   36 all sixty individuals. Average hearing loss in speech frequencies was statistically more in individuals who were actively involved in firing of artillery guns. [P<0.001] Adequate protection and training should be imparted to individuals involved in firing of artillery guns. Heart Diseases rehabilitation General health improves with home-based cardiac rehabilitation program. Poortaghi, Sarieh; Atri, Shirin B.; Safayian, Abdolrasoul; Baghernia, Ali E-mail:Spoortaghi@gmail.com Alzahra Hospital Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 407-411 (16 ref.) Keywords: Home Care Services; Rehabilitation Centers; Follow-Up Studies; Questionnaires; Recovery of Function; Quality of Health Care Abstract: To determine whether continuing cardiac rehabilitation programs at home has positive effects on psychological and general health of the participants' in comparison with the control group. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Tabriz Shahid Madani rehabilitation center, Tabriz, Iran between February 2009 and January 2010. Eighty patients referred to the rehabilitation center were randomly divided into case and control groups. Both groups received routine cardiac rehabilitation program in the rehabilitation center. In addition, the case group received education and practical training in various rehabilitation measures along with home visits of a community health nurse in follow-up period. General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-28] was used to assess psychological and general health between the 2 groups at baseline and on follow-up period. Collected data from the GHQ-28 were analyzed using Minitab software and repeated measurement analysis model. In this study, 75% [n=60] of participants were male and 25% [n=20] were female with an age range of 57.41 +/- 1.01 years [mean +/- SE]. The results showed statistical significant difference in general health [p=0.000] between the 2 groups and in different measurements [p=0.000]. Home-based cardiac rehabilitation has a positive effect on patients' general health, thus referring patients who suffer from heart diseases is recommended. Hematoma, Subdural, Acute diagnosis Interhemispheric acute subdural hematomas. Kawoosa, N.N.; Bhat, A.R.; Rashid, B. E-mail:nadeem_kawoosa@yahoo.co.in Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences - Department of Accident and Emergency IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 289-290 (6 ref.) Keywords: Craniocerebral Trauma-complications; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Child Abuse; Acute Disease; Cranial Fossa, Middle; Accidents Hemorrhoids surgery Short-term complications of hemorrhoidectomy in outpatient and inpatient operations in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Keshtkaran, A.; Hosseini, S.V.; Mohammadinia, L. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - School of Management and Information Science IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 267-271 (20 ref.) Keywords: Equipment and Supplies, Hospital-utilization; Equipment and Supplies, Hospital-standards; Inpatients; Outpatients; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Ambulatory Care; Cross-Sectional Studies; Random Allocation; Health Expenditures; Hospitalization Abstract: Today, hospitals and patients are both willing to benefit from outpatient services. Considering limits of supply, it seems that there is a need to run productive management in offering health services to prevent wasting of supplies and facilities. This study compares the complications caused by hemorrhoidectomy in outpatient and inpatient operations. In a cross-sectional study during 1.5 years, 208 patients without any background disease were enrolled. They were randomly allocated into two groups [inpatient and outpatient] and interviewed within two weeks after IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   37 surgical operations. The data were collected through a questionnaire and physical examination. The complications in the two groups of operating theater of hospital and clinic were then compared regarding sex, occupation, education and etc. One week after the surgical operation, the patients in the hospital operating theater showed significantly a better healing recovery of their wound. Other complications such as pain, hemorrhage, infection, inflammation, involuntary emission of feces and gas indicated no significant difference between the two groups. After 2 weeks, more pain was noticed in patients in the operating theaters of the hospital and in clinics, there was more infection visible. The hemorrhage, inflammation, wound healing, involuntary emission of feces and gas did not indicate a significant difference between the operating theater of hospital and the clinic. There was no significant difference regarding the patients' satisfaction in the two groups. We recommend that for optimized use of supplies and equipments in operating theaters and to lower the cost and shorten queue of patients, grade 2 hemorrhoids are performed in the operating theater of clinics considering sterilization and safety procedures. Hepatitis B virus genetics Genotypes of hepatitis B virus in central Anatolia, Kayseri, Turkey. Atalay, Mustafa A.; Gokahmetoglu, Selma; Aygen, Bilgehan Erciyes University - Medical Faculty - Department of Microbiology Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 360-363 (22 ref.) Keywords: Genotype; Hepatitis B, Chronic-genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; DNA, Viral-methods; Hepatitis B, Chronic-epidemiology Abstract: To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus [HBV] genotypes among patients with chronic hepatitis B in Kayseri, Turkey. The study took place in the Department of Microbiology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, and Lontek Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey, from January 2005 to October 2007. One hundred and ten patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in this study. Hepatitis B virus DNA in sera were investigated by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viral DNA was extracted from 200 microL of serum using the QIA amp DNA min Elute kit [Qiagen, Hilden, Germany]. Reaction mixture was prepared by Fluorion HBV QNP 2.0 [lontek, Istanbul, Turkey]. Genotype D was detected in 107 of 110 [97.2%] patients, however, genotyping failed in 3 patients [2.7%]. No other genotypes were found. The vast majority of Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis B have genotype D. Hepatitis C Antibodies Frequency of anti Hepatitis C Virus antibodies amongst sanitary workers in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Khan, Asad Zaman; Ansari, Jawwad Khaliq; Razzaq, Kashif; Niazi, Saifullah Khan E-mail:asadbsu@yahoo.com Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 32-34 (17 ref.) Keywords: Prevalence; Hepatitis C-epidemiology; Hepatitis C-blood; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Occupational Exposure-adverse effects Abstract: To determine the frequency of anti Hepatitis C Virus antibodies in sanitary workers at Military Hospital Rawalpindi and to identify additional risk factors in them for hepatitis C infection. Cross sectional study. Department of medicine Military Hospital [M.H.], Rawalpindi Pakistan over six months. All sanitary workers working at Military Hospital Rawalpindi were tested for anti HCV antibodies by third generation ELISA six percent of the study population was found to be positive for anti HCV antibodies. The frequency of anti HCV antibodies is fairly high in sanitary workers working in this tertiary care hospital studied. HCV infection is more frequent in those sanitary workers who have longer duration of service. Hepatitis, Viral, Human epidemiology Hepatitis B and C viral infections in children with acute leukemia in Erbil city. Al Ani, Mouroge H. E-mail:mouroge@yahoo.com Hawler Medical College JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 21-29 (17 ref.) Keywords: Hepatitis B-epidemiology; Hepatitis C-epidemiology; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Leukemia, Lymphoid- virology; Child; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute-virology IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   38 Abstract: Children treated with malignancy are at high risk of parentally transmitted viral infections, the aim of this study is to detect the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infection in children with acute lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia treated in Nanakaly hospital in Erbil city. Sixty children with acute leukemia, forty nine with acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL] and eleven with acute myeloblastic leukemia [AML] presented to Nanakaly hospital during the period from September 2007 to January 2009 were enrolled. They were classified into two groups [G1 and G2], G1 include 27 cases of acute leukemia, this group were evaluated initially before starting chemotherapy, and after six months of treatment,. G2 include thirty three children with acute leukemia who did not have initial evaluation, but evaluated at the starting of the study and after six months. Children of both groups were subjected to full clinical examination; sera of those patients were investigated for liver function tests and hepatitis markers including HBsAg and Anti HCV antibody compared to G3 which is a control group. In G1 patients, all were seronegative for HBV and HBC at diagnosis, but hepatitis marker increased significantly to 14% for HBV while still seronegative for HV after six months of therapy. In G2 seropositvity of HBV and HCV at the beginning of the study were 33.3% and 12% respectively, reduced to 27.7% and 15% respectively after six months in comparison to the G3 [ the control group]. There are high seroprevalence rates of hepatitis B and C in pediatric acute leukemia. Blood and blood products transfusion are major risk factor for HBV infection. It is possible that the very high rate of HCV seoconversion in these patients may be due to parental exposure to other unrecognized routes of transmission other than the blood. Herpes Zoster epidemiology Herpes zoster: seasonal variations and morphological patterns in Pakistan. Suhail, Majid; Ejaz, Amer; Abbas, Muhammad; Naz, Samina; Suhail, Taqdees E-mail:majidsuhail@hotmail.com The University of Lahore - University College of Medicine - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 22-26 (20 ref.) Keywords: Cross-Sectional Studies; Seasons; Occupational Diseases; Age Factors Abstract: To determine the relevance of seasonal variations and pattern of herpes zoster among the labor community in Lahore. This observational, cross sectional study was conducted at Nawaz Sharif Social Security Teaching Hospital from June, 2009 to May, 2010. Entitled patients that included the industrial labour and their dependents who were clinically diagnosed to be suffering from Herpes zoster during the above mentioned period were included in the study. All the findings were recorded on a pre-designed pro forma. Fifty two enrolled patients constituted 0.46 per cent of overall OPD patients, with male to female ratio of 2:1 and the mean age at presentation was 47 years. Average duration of symptoms at presentation in Herpes zoster ophthalmicus [HZO] was 4.5 days while in remaining cases it was 5.6 days. The surge of the cases was noted with onset of summer and most common dermatomes involved were thoracic followed by ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. There is a relationship between Herpes zoster and seasonal variations which seems to be different from temperate climate of western countries. Hyperpigmentation diagnosis Acquired macular hyperpigmentation an overview. Mohan, K.H. E-mail:mohankudur@rediffmail.com Kasturba Medical College - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 43-54 (18 ref.) Keywords: Pigmentation Disorders-etiology; Melanosis; Lichen Planus; Amyloidosis; Erythema Abstract: Acquired hyperpigmentation is always difficult to diagnose and more difficult to treat satisfactorily. There are many conditions which need to be considered before making a diagnosis of acquired macular hyperpigmentation like erythema dyschromicum perstans, lichen planus pigmentosus, macular amyloidosis, tar and frictional melanosis, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, Berloque dermatitis, Riehl's melanosis and drugs and chemicals. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   39 Industerial Waste Treatment and converting of industrial wastewater into potable water. Hani, Falah Bani; Dawagreh, A.K.; Qasaimeh, M. Abdallah E-mail:dr.falahf@yahoo.com Al-Balqa Applied University - Al-Huson University College - Chem. Eng. Department Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 23-29 (13 ref.) Keywords: Water; Waste Management-methods; Drinking Abstract: The objective of the study is to treat the textile wastewater and convert it into potable grade water in the laboratory scale. The study is involved a rigorous treatment procedure involving screening, coagulation, flocculation, aeration, biological treatment, filtration and ion exchange. From the analysis of the treated water. It Is found that the industrial waste water can be converted into potable grade water. [Treatment of industrial waste water from bacterial contamination by using ethanolic algae extract]. Al Hussieny, Ahmed Aidan; Mahdi, Zena M.; Ali, Inaam N.; Alsada, Athraa abed Ministry of Science and Technology - Center of Directorate of water Treatment Technology - Department Water Research Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 15-27 (25 ref.) Keywords: Water Microbiology; Waste Management-methods; Nostoc; Cyanobacteria Abstract: The effect of the ethanolic extract of two algae Nostoc linkia and Chara sp has been tested on the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa which was isolated from contaminated water under laboratory conditions of 37°C and treatment period of 72 hour for two algae. The extract of Nostoc linkia showed high efficiency in reducing the bacterial number at concentration 1 mg/I at removal rates 98.9% for Escherichia coli and 94.6% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Algaeal extract of Chara sp at concentration 1 mg/I caused a reduction in bacterial numbers at a removal rate of 87% for Escherichia coil and 87% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a significant differences at concentrations of 0.75 and 1 mg/I for two algael extract. Total bacterial number is reduced by concentration of 1 mg/I for two algael extract Nostoc linkia and Chara sp. at removal rates 90.8% and 82.4 respectively after 24 hour of treatment. Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Detection of an oseltamivir-resistant pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus in the United Arab Emirates. Alfaresi, Mubarak; Albedwawi, Saif; Hag Ali, Mohammed E-mail:uaenow@eim.ae Zayed Military Hospital - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 97-99 (7 ref.) Keywords: Oseltamivir-pharmacology; Drug Resistance, Viral; Pandemics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; United Arab Emirates; Antiviral Agents-pharmacology; DNA Primers; Databases, Nucleic Acid Abstract: We report the identification of an influenza A[H1N1] viral isolate found to be resistant to oseltamivir. This is the first report of resistance of H1N1 to this medication in the United Arab Emirates. Sequencing of the isolate showed that it has the H275Y mutation. Interferon Type I, Recombinant adverse effects Thyroid dysfunction induced by recombinant interferon-alpha therapy for chronic active type C hepatitis. Chaudhry, Nayyar; Ghayur, Samina; Sattar, Abdus; Hashim, Rizwan; Ijaz, Aamer; Khan, Farooq Ahmad Department of Pathology PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 65-69 (18 ref.) Keywords: Hepatitis C-drug therapy; Epidemiology; Thyroid Gland-physiopathology; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and types of thyroid dysfunction that develops during IFN-alpha therapy in patients of Chronic Hepatitis C. Case control study. Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi. The study was carried out on a total of 50 patients of chronic hepatitis C on recombinant IFN-alpha therapy. In addition 50 patients with chronic hepatitis C, not on any antiviral treatment, were included as controls. After informed consent, clinical history was obtained, physical IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   40 examination was done and findings recorded on a pre-designed proforma. Blood sampling was done for thyroid profile at the beginning of interferon therapy, at 12 weeks and finally at 24 weeks. Thyroid dysfunction [TD] was observed in 14% [n=7] of the patients on antiviral therapy for CHC [n=50].Amongst these seven patients with TD, hypothyroidism was observed in 5 and hyerthyroidism in 2 patients. In contrast the frequency of thyroid dysfunction observed in control group [n=50] was 2%. The frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients of chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon approaches 14%, with hypothyroidism being the more commonly observed pattern. Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic complications Impact of intestinal parasites on haematological parameters of sickle-cell anaemia patients in Nigeria. Ahmed, S.G.; Uraka, J. E-mail:drsagirahmed@yahoo.com Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital - Department of Haematology EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 710-713 (13 ref.) Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell-blood; Anemia, Sickle Cell-parasitology; Hematocrit; Leukocyte Count; Platelet Count Abstract: The majority of patients with sickle-cell anaemia live in the underdeveloped nations where endemic parasitic diseases are prevalent and this may exacerbate the severity of steady-state anaemia in infected patients. We studied the impact of intestinal parasites on haematological parameters of sickle-cell anaemia patients aged 18-35 years in Kano, Nigeria. Of 100 patients studied, 27 were found to be infected with intestinal parasites. There were no significant differences between patients with and without parasitic infections with respect to leukocyte and platelet counts. However, patients without parasitic infections had a significantly higher mean haematocrit than patients with parasitic infections [0.27 L/L [SD 0.03] versus 0.23 [SD 0.03] L/L]. Anaemia in sickle-cell anaemia patients may be exacerbated by intestinal parasites, and these patients should have regular stool examinations for detection and treatment of parasitic infections in order to improve their haematocrit and avoid the risk of blood transfusion. Intubation, Intratracheal Comparative study of intubating conditions after Rocuronium and Suxamethonium [study of 50 cases]. Feroz, Shizan Hamid; Wahid, Faisal; Kazi, Waqas Ahmed; Akhtar, Fahim; Al Masalmah, Bourhan Eldin Armed Forces Hospital - Anaesthesia Department PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 90-95 (16 ref.) Keywords: Succinylcholine-pharmacology; Androstanols-pharmacology; Hemodynamics-drug effects; Heart Rate- drug effects; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents Abstract: To compare the Intubating Conditions and Changes in heart rate [HR] achieved after suxamethonium chloride and rocuronium bromide, during intubation, in patients between ages 11-50 years out of which 4 were in paediatric age group [11-12 years] and 46 in adult group [19-50 years]. This study was conducted at the Armed Forces Hospital Sharourah kingdom of Saudi Arabia during six months period starting from 01/02/09. Fifty patients aged between 11-50 years, 4 including in paediatric age group [11-12 years] and 46 in adult age group [19-50 years], requiring general anesthesia for various surgical procedures, were randomly divided into two groups, i.e. Group A in which Rocuronium bromide, 0.9 mg kg-1 was given for intubation [[n=25] [23 adults, 2 children]] Group B in which Suxamethonium chloride 1.5 mg kg -1 was used for intubation [[n=25] [23 adults, 2 children]] Intubating conditions were observed at 60 seconds after intravenous bolus administration of suxamethonium or Rocuronium. HR was also observed immediately before induction [Pre-Op], at 60 seconds after bolus of Suxamethonium or Rocuronium [Immediately after relaxation], Immediately after intubation and then five minutes after intubation. Intubating conditions were rated as excellent in 96% [n=24 Twenty two adults two children] and good in 4% [n=1 Adult] of the patients who received Rocuronium and excellent in 100% of the patients who received Suxamethonium. There were no statistically significant changes observed in HR at all observation times between the two groups. It is concluded from this study that intubation can be performed under good to excellent conditions at 60 seconds after a bolus dose of Rocuronium of 0.9 mg kg-1. As far as affect on HR are concerned, our study indicate no significant difference between the two drugs. The result of this study indicates that to facilitate intubation using rapid sequence induction technique Rocuronium is a reasonably good alternative to Suxamethonium. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   41 methods Intubating conditions 60 seconds after giving muscle relaxant for rapid sequence induction comparison between succinylcholine and rocuronium. Ali, Syed Qasim; Khan, Muhammad Asghar; Yasin, Bilal E-mail:kausar_ashah@yahoo.com Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 96-101 (20 ref.) Keywords: Succinylcholine-therapeutic use; Androstanols-therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents Abstract: To compare efficacy of succinylcholine with rocuronium for rapid sequence induction. Randomized control trial. The study was done in Anaesthesia department, Combined Military Hospital Kharian from 17th march 2007 to 16th march 2008 a total of 100 cases of elective surgery for haemorrhoids were taken and patients were randomly assigned in two equal groups using random number table. American Society of Anesthesiologist [ASA] status was assessed. Informed consent and approval of ethical committee was obtained. Patients were divided into group A and B. In both groups there were 25 males and 25 females of 20-40 years. In group A, patients were preoxygenated for 3 min then propofol was given followed by succinylcholine. After 60 seconds of giving muscle relaxant intubating conditions were assessed by vocal cords movements on laryngoscopy, apnea and abdominal jerky movements on intubation. In group B, rocuronium was given instead of succinylcholine. In group A one [2%] patient was having movement of vocal cords at the time of laryngoscopy while in group B nine [18%] patients had vocal cord movement [p=0.016]. As far as apnea is concerned, in group A one [2%] patient was not having apnea after 60 seconds but in group B eight [16%] patients were not having apnea [p=0.031]. At the time of intubation in group A three [6%] patients showed jerky movements of abdomen while in group B that movement was present in eleven [22%] patients [p=0.041]. Intubating conditions with rocuronium were not superior to those with succinylcholine. Isotretinoin adverse effects Efficacy and adverse effects of systemic isotretinoin therapy. Tahir, Ch. Muhammad E-mail:drtahirchskin@hotmail.com WAPDA Teaching Hospital Complex - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 38-42 (31 ref.) Keywords: Treatment Outcome; Acne Vulgaris-drug therapy; Isotretinoin-therapeutic use; Keratolytic Agents Abstract: To determine the efficacy and frequency of adverse effects of systemic isotretinoin therapy in patients of acne vulgaris. All acne patients attending OPD from January, 2007 to December, 2009 at WAPDA Hospital Complex, Lahore fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled and treated with isotretinoin 1mg/kg after baseline investigations. Patients were followed up fortnightly for clinical improvement and side effects. Out of 250 patients, there were 112 [44- 8%] males and 138 [55.2%] females; age range 18-30 years. Two patients discontinued therapy due to drug-related side effects so that 248 patients were evaluable. Clinical improvement was 100% at end of 16 weeks. Similarly, all patients [100%] had suffered from some adverse effects. Isotretinoin is a very effective therapy for moderate to severe acne; however, treated patients suffer from bearable side effects. Kidney Failure, Chronic epidemiology End stage chronic kidney disease in Saudi Arabia. A rapidly changing scene. Al Sayyari, Abdulla A.; Shaheen, Faissal A. E-mail:aaalsayyari@gmail.com King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences - Department of Medicine Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 339-346 (47 ref.) Keywords: Chronic Disease; Life Style; Diabetic Nephropathies-complications; Life Expectancy; Population Growth; Demography; Urbanization Abstract: There have been a marked rise in the prevalence and incidence of end stage chronic kidney disease [CKD] in Saudi Arabia over the last 3 decades. This rise exceeds those reported from many countries. The enormous and rapid changes in lifestyle, high population growth, and fast increase in life expectancy, and massive urbanization that has occurred over the last 3 decades combined to make the current CKD status different to what it was. The 2 major factors that influence the CKD status are the very high rate of diabetic nephropathy and shift in age demographics. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   42 metabolism Some important comparative parameters between patients with chronic renal failure and patients with diabetic nephropathy in Erbil. Alnakshabandi, Abdulkader A. Hawler Medical University - College of Pharmacy Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 68-75 (31 ref.) Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathies-metabolism; Lipids; Kidney Failure, Chronic-blood; Case-Control Studies Abstract: Patients with chronic renal failure and diabetic nephropathy reveals biochemical changes .this study aim to investigate the differences of some important biochemical changes in these two groups of patients in comparison with normal controls. [80] patients were selected with different renal disease complications. A control group of [30] healthy,18 males and 12 females were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups the first group with chronic renal failure, include [40] patients, [25] male and [15] female; the second group with diabetic - nephropathy, include [ 40] patients, [25] male, and [15] female. Determination of the biochemical compound level as creatinine, urea, uric acid ,total protein [T.P], albumin ,total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], low density lipo-protein [LDH-C], high density lipoprotein [HDL-c] , and LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. Patients with chronic renal failure showed increasing levels of [creatinine, urea, - uric acid] in their serum, and lower levels of [total protein, albumin]. Mild increase in levels of [TC, LDL-c], while great increased level of triglyceride were recorded, also a great decline in the level of HDL-c was found, which indicate a high risk factor and moderate increase in [LDL-c/HDL-c] ratio .patients with diabetic nephropathy showed slight increase in the levels of [creatinine, urea, uric acid ], however still lower than that in chronic renal failure group. Also they showed decreased levels of [total protein, albumin] ,but still lower than in chronic renal failure and increased level of [ TC,TG, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C] which were greater than the increase in chronic renal failure .also decrease in the level of HDL-c, but still less than that in chronic renal failure. Patients with chronic renal failure or with diabetic nephropathy showed significant increase in the levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid; and decreased levels of albumin and total protein. Both group of patients showed variation in their cholesterol, LDLc, triglyceride, and LDL/HDL-c ratio. Leg Length Inequality Proximal femoral focal deficiency. Malik, Nasir Saeed; Khan, Muhammad Qaiser Alam; Shaheen, Nasira Health Medical Center PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 146-148 (6 ref.) Keywords: Femur-abnormalities; Bone Diseases, Developmental; Amputation; Lower Extremity Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous epidemiology Clinico-epidemiological pattern of cutaneous leishmaniasis in armed forces personnel fighting war against terrorism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province and FATA regions. Arfan ul Bari; Hasshim, Rizwan; Mahmood, Khalid; Muhammad, Iqbal; Shahbaz, Nighat; Tariq, Khalid Mahmood E-mail:albariul@gmail.com Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 10-15 (25 ref.) Keywords: Military Personnel; Parasitic Diseases; Disease Outbreaks Abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis [CL] is endemic in various regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [KPK] province and Federally Administered Areas [FATA]. Troops deployed in these regions are at an increased risk of acquiring the disease as compared to the native population. To determine clinical and epidemiological pattern of CL in armed forces personnel serving in endemic areas of CL in KPK and FATA. This observational/descriptive study was conducted at CMH, Peshawar from January, 2010 to June, 2010. All patients of any age reporting in skin outdoor with clinical diagnosis of CL were enrolled in the study and all were subjected to skin slit smears for Leishman-Donovan [LD] bodies and skin biopsies were also taken in all cases to observe histopathological features. Patients in whom clinical diagnosis was not supported by laboratory diagnosis, were excluded. Clinical and epidemiological data was recorded and finally analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Out of 172 initially enrolled cases, 2 were excluded from the study as their clinical diagnosis was not supported by laboratory findings. All patients were young males [deployed armed forces personnel]. Their ages ranged from 18 to 43 [mean age: 27.4 years]. Number of lesions ranged from 1-11. Multiple lesions were seen in 41.2% cases only. Size of lesions ranged from 1-13 cm. 70.6% of lesions were seen on upper and lower limbs followed by head and neck region 27.6%, and trunk and abdomen 1.8%. Morphological patterns seen were crusted plaques, psoriasiform plaques, nonhealing ulcers, erythematous infiltrated nodules and papules. Majority of the cases were from the regular army units deployed in the areas in recent past [71.8%] as compared to IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   43 28.2% of native troops of Frontier Corps [FC]: 3% deployment of regular troops against 0.5% of FC troops. CL is common in soldiers serving in KPK province and FATA regions of Pakistan. Armed forces personnel who moved from central Punjab and deployed in these areas for operations against terrorists are at much higher risk of acquiring the disease as compared to the native troops. This risk can be decreased by implementing effective precautionary measures and education of the soldiers. prevention and control A survey on effect of health education on health volunteer performance and knowledge in prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd. Tafti, Mohamad Hussain Dehghani; Forghani, Hussain; Moghadam, Mohamad Hussain Baghiani ; Khani, Parisa; Noorbala, Mohamad Taghi; Mohammadi, Saman Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services - Health Faculty JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 27-32 (19 ref.) Keywords: Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Questionnaires; Analysis of Variance; Parasitic Diseases; Human Experimentation Abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis [CL], is one of the health priorities in many of the tropical areas of the world, and is also very common in Iran, especially in urban areas of the country. The best way of prevention of the disease is to increase knowledge in terms of prevention and early referral of suspected cases to physician, as well as suitable treatment for patients. To define the influence of education on health volunteer performance and knowledge about CL in Yazd. In this semiempirical survey, knowledge and performance of 74 randomly selected health volunteers in Yazd were assessed via questionnaire before and after the education. The resulting data were processed and analyzed by SPSS software and with ANOVA and paired t test exams. This survey showed that knowledge and performance of health volunteers after the training course increased by 44% and 56%, with mean of 7.53 before education to 10.84 after the course, and from 1.12 to 1.75 respectively. The effect of the training course in terms of level of literacy and age group were assessed resulted in meaningful differences, as well. It seems that the education has a significant influence on increase of knowledge and performance of health volunteer, and as these personnel have essential role in people's knowledge and health situation in community, so continuous use of these educational courses may result in a decline in prevalence of the disease. Leptin blood Serum leptin level in the first trimester in ectopic versus normal pregnancies. Kamyabi, Zahra; Mansouri, Ghazal; Azizzian, Fatemeh E-mail:zkamyabi@yahoo.com Kerman University of Medical Sciences - Afzalipour Medical Center - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 376-378 (9 ref.) Keywords: Pregnancy, Ectopic-diagnosis; Pregnancy, Ectopic-blood; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Cross-Sectional Studies; Maternal Health Services; Diagnosis, Differential Abstract: To determine whether maternal serum leptin level is different or not in ectopic and normal pregnancy. In this cross sectional study, we included 47 women with normal pregnancy [group A], and 47 women with ectopic pregnancy [group B] attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Afzalipour Medical Centre, Kerman, Iran from January 2009 to February 2010. Previous history of miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, body mass index equal to or more than 25 and equal or less than 19 kg/m2, using drugs during pregnancy except for multivitamin and folic acid, unstable conditions requiring emergency laparatomy, and cigarette smoking were considered as exclusion criteria. The maximum gestational age in both groups was 8 weeks. Maternal serum leptin level was determined using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in maternal age, gestational age, and body mass index. Women in group B [median [range]: 30.93 [14.8-84.2]] showed significantly higher serum leptin level in comparison with group A [median [range]: 32.74 [8.4-8.61]]. Serum leptin level in the first trimester of pregnancy may be a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   44 Lice Infestations epidemiology Head lice infestations [Anoplura: pediculidae] in Saudi and non-Saudi school-aged children. Bosely, Hanan Aboalkasem; El Alfy, Nadia M. Jazan University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 131-140 (48 ref.) Keywords: Pediculus-parasitology; Child; Schools; Questionnaires; Lice Infestations-prevention and control Abstract: The prevalence and human risk factors associated with head lice infestation was studied. A total of 860 children, 474 [55.1%] boys and 386 [44.9%] girls, with ages ranged from 6-13 years were critically examined. They were randomly selected from two schoolchildren [one for boys and one for girls] in Jazan Province. The children or their parents were subjected to questionnaire and physical examination by visual inspections of scalp and hair for the presence of adult lice, nymphs, and/or eggs [nits]. A total of 114 children [13.3%] were infested with head lice, 73 [18.9%] girls and 41 [8.6%] boys. The highest infestation rate was recorded in rural area [20.5%] . Pediculosis had a negative association with father's education level and frequency of hair washing [p>0.01]. The results indicated that rural residence, sex, long hair, age-group 6-<8 years old, positive history of previous infestation, sharing of beds and combs, uneducated mother and family overcrowding might be the risk factors for the head lice infestation. Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe radiography Lipoid proteinosis in two Iranian sisters: a case report and review of literature. Malekzad, F.; Rahimi, H.; Lotfi, S.; Qaisari, M. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Skin Research Center - Department of Dermatology IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 280-282 (24 ref.) Keywords: Eyelid Diseases-etiology; Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe-genetics; Review Literature as Topic; Mental Retardation-genetics Abstract: Lipoid proteinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which may be seen within a family very occasionally. Herein, we report lipoid proteinosis in two sisters characterized by verrucous lesions and hoarseness of voice, dysphagia and multiple beaded papules along the margins of their eyelids, fissured lips and thick ferenulum. Lipoproteins drug effects Lipoprotein changes in women taking low-dose combined oral contraceptive pills: a cross- sectional study in Basra, Iraq. Abdel Barry, J.A.; Flaf, M.S.; Al Namaa, L.M.; Hassan, N.A. University of Basra - College of Medicine - Department of Biochemistry EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 684-688 (18 ref.) Keywords: Lipoproteins-blood; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; Cholesterol, LDL-blood; Cholesterol, HDL-blood; Cholesterol, VLDL-blood; Triglycerides-blood; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: We assessed lipid and lipoprotein levels in 100 women taking low-dose COCs and a control group of 100 non-users attending the family planning centre Basra Maternity and Child Hospital, Iraq. Venous blood was collected after 12-14 hours fasting, and serum triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL- C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] and very low-density lipoprotein [VLDL] levels were measured. Serum TG, HDL-C and VLDL levels were significantly higher and LDL-C levels lower in users than non-users but TC levels did not differ between the 2 groups. TG, HDL-C and VLDL levels rose with age and duration of use while LDL-C levels decreased; TC levels did not change. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   45 Liver Neoplasms Hepar lobatum carcinomatosum associated with metastatic rectal carcinoma: an unusual cause of liver dysmorphy. Teke, Zafer; Nessar, Gurel; Kiremitci, Saba; Aksoy, Erol; Elbir, Orhan Hayri E-mail:zteke_md@yahoo.com Turkey Yuksek Ihtisas Teaching and Research Hospital - Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 93-96 (12 ref.) Keywords: Rectal Neoplasms-pathology; Neoplasm Metastasis; Drug Therapy; Adenocarcinoma-secondary; Fluorouracil-therapeutic use; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic Abstract: The aim of this study was to present a case of hepar lobatum resulting from metastatic rectal carcinoma. A 50-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of bleeding per anum, tenesmus, malaise and weakness. Initially, the patient received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by abdominoperineal resection of the rectum. Abdominal computed tomography showed lobar enlargement and lobulated contour, mainly in the left lobe of the liver, but no primary or metastatic lesions were detected. Laparotomy revealed an irregularly lobulated hepatic deformity. Liver biopsy showed a necrotic tumor growth from adenocarcinoma of the rectum in subcapsular localizationof the liver. This case showed a patient with hepar lobatum carcinomatosum caused by metastatic rectal carcinoma. The report further highlights the need for clinicians and surgeons to keep in mind the possibility of hepar lobatum carcinomatosum while caring for rectal carcinoma patients, especially when the lobulated contour of the liver is detected at preoperative imaging studies or when the coarsely lobated liver is encountered during surgery for carcinoma of the rectum. Lizards parasitology A light microscopic study on the haemogregarine species infecting the lizard Acanthodactylus schmidti from Saudi Arabia. Al Ghamdy, Aly O. Al Baha University - Faculty of Arts and Science Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 7-15 (28 ref.) Keywords: Microscopy, Polarization-methods Abstract: Eleven out of 42 [26.2%] lizards Acanthodactylus schmidti were found harboring haemogregarines in their peripheral blood. The erythrocytic stages were differentiated into 2 forms: the young form [trophozoite] measured 12.5 +/- 0.5 x 1.7 +/- 0.3 microm and the large mature form [gametocyte] measured 19.8 +/- 1.7 x 1.7 +/- 0.3 microm. The infected erythrocytes were distorted from 16.0 +/- 1.2 x 9.2 +/- 0.2 microm to 20.2 +/- 1.8 x 6.7 +/- 0.8 microm, hypertrophied and faintly stained. None of the leucocytes seemed to be parasitized by the present parasite. Schizogony took place in the endothelial cells of lung capillaries and parenchyma of liver. Two types of schizonts were recorded; microschizonts of 9.35 x 9.65 +/- 0.38 microm and macroschizonts of 25.36 +/- 1.81 x 20.35 +/- 0.82 microm. The microschizonts produced 6-12 merozoites, while the macroschizonts produced 18-36 merozoites, however there were no differences between both merozoites, each measured 11.54 +/- 0.81 x 1.41 +/- 0.71 microm. The infected host cells were markedly hypertrophied with noticeable irregularity and faint stainability as well as some vacuolation, necrosis or shrinkage and necrosis. Mediastinoscopy Yield of cervical mediastinoscopy in diagnosis of indeterminate mediastinal lymphadenopathy/masses and staging of lung cancer. Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz; Muzaffar, Muhammad Sultan; Zulfiqar, Mujahid; Subhani, Shahadi Samar; Hasnain, Rashid; Ashgar, Asif; Hanif, Shoaib PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 16-20 (17 ref.) Keywords: Lymphatic Diseases-diagnosis; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging-methods; Carcinoma, Non- Small-Cell Lung; Lung Neoplasms-pathology Abstract: To determine the yield of cervical mediastinoscopy in indeterminate antero-superior mediastinal lymphadenopathy or masses and in staging of non small cell carcinoma lung. Descriptive prospective study. Thoracic Surgical unit of Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi from Jan 2007 to June 2009. Patients were placed in group I for diagnostically indeterminate antero superior mediastinal lymphadenopathy/masses and in group II for staging of non small cell lung cancer [NSCLC] with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on CT scan [greater than 10 mm on short axis]. All patients underwent the procedure under general anaesthesia. A plane anterior to trachea was developed using blunt finger dissection until carina. Biopsies of the mass or lymph nodes were taken and sent for histopathology. In case of staging for Carcinoma lung, lymph node stations 2L, 2R, 4L, 4R and 7 were searched and biopsied and sent in appropriately labelled containers for histopathology. Patients were usually discharged on the same day. Forty eight IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   46 cases were included in this study during the course of 2 1/2 years of period. Twenty nine cases were included in group I and nineteen in group II. In group I chronic caseating granulomas due to tuberculosis were the most cause in 45% of cases followed by 24% cases of lymphoma. In group II, 4 [21%] cases revealed no evidence of malignancy in any lymph nodes and in 11 [57.9%] cases only ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes were involved by tumor making it N2 disease. In 4 [21%] cases contra lateral mediastinal lymph nodes were involved by tumor making it N3 disease. Mortality in this study was only one case [3 4%] Mediastinoscopy is minimally invasive cost effective and simple procedure in trained hands for both diagnosis and staging purpose. Medical Informatics Health information systems in the Islamic Republic of Iran: a case study in Kerman province. Zolala, F. E-mail:farzanehzolala@yahoo.com Kerman University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Health - Department of Public Health Sciences EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 679-683 (28 ref.) Keywords: Information Systems-Utilization; Information Systems-statistical and numerical data; Information Systems-manpower Abstract: Health information systems provide information for decision-making at all levels, from planning and management to evaluation of health services. Registration of vital events is the most basic level of any health information system. This case study used in-depth interviews, observations and examination of documents to explore the system of births and deaths registration in Kerman province. The findings were evaluated under 3 headings: data input, data processing and data usage. A range of problems were identified concerning legal requirements, staffing, data checking and publication of data. Different approaches are suggested to strengthen the system, such as introducing regulations to oblige different data sources to provide data and allocating sufficient resources, including human resources, and an improved technology infrastructure. Meibomian Glands radiography Utility of meibography in the evaluation of meibomian glands morphology in normal and diseased eyelids. Alsuhaibani, Adel H.; Carter, Keith D.; Abramoff, Michael D.; Nerad, Jeffrey A. E-mail:adelsu@yahoo.com King Saud University - King Abdulaziz University Hospital - Department of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 61-66 (13 ref.) Keywords: Cross-Sectional Studies; Eyelids; Dry Eye Syndromes; Blepharitis; Trachoma; Chalazion Abstract: To study the utility of meibography for the morphology of meibomian glands in normal eyelids and in various eyelid diseases. A cross-sectional study. A newly designed transilluminator, fitting both the upper along with lower eyelids, and an infrared camera were used to obtain video clips of the meibomian glands for 60 asymptomatic subjects with normal eyelid margin. Parameters studied included, ocular surface, Schirmer test, and tear breakup time [TBUT]. The meibomian glands of patients with meibomian glands' abnormality secondary to infectious, inflammatory, malignant, congenital, or post-radiation therapy disease related etiologies were compared with normal patients. Still pictures were extracted from the video clips to evaluate the meibomian glands for gland dropout and gross morphological changes. In normal subjects, meibomian glands appeared to be thinner and longer in the upper eye lids than in the lower eye lids. Gland dropout occured with increased age, more in the lower eye lid and in females. Excessive gland drop out [> 75%] was seen in patients with history of trachoma, Stevens Johnson syndrome, severe blepharitis, and post-radiation for orbital tumors. Variable gland drop out was noticed in patients with floppy eyelid syndrome, and blepharitis. In patients with congenital distichiasis, partial or complete gland drop out at the part of the eyelid margins affected by distichiasis was noticed. The newly designed transilluminator permitted the examination of both upper and lower eye lid meibomian glands with minimal discomfort. Evaluating the anatomical changes involving meibomian glands with meibography may help increase our understanding of the meibomian gland-related diseases, monitor the effects of treatment, and provide helpful information for patient education. Melanosis Clinical assessment of melasma in patients attending the department of dermatology and venereology at Rizgary teaching hospital in Erbil city. Almosuly, Intiha Mohamad; Butros, Robert Odish Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   47 Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 55-60 (17 ref.) Keywords: Sunlight-adverse effects; Stress, Psychological-complications; Hyperpigmentation; Age Factors; Sex Factors Abstract: Melasma is an acquired and symmetric hyperpigmentation of the face. The aim of this study was to assess clinical varieties, aggravating factors of melasma, distribution among different age and sex groups and observed diseases. This descriptive study was conducted on 210 patients with melasma attending the department of Dermatology and Venereology at Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil city. Data were collected from November 2007 to the end of June 2008. All patients and both sexes were included in the study except for patients who received treatment during last two months of presentation. A questionnaire was prepared and full history and a thorough examination was done for each patient. The study showed that 83.33% of the patients were females with a mean age of 23.71 years. Main factors found to induce or exacerbate melasma were sunlight [71.9%] and emotional stress [65.7%]. The most common morphological type was centrofacial [70.95%]. Wood's light examination showed epidermal type predominance. Melasma is a disease of reproductive period. Sunlight and emotional stress are the most common aggravating factor. The most common morphological type of melasma seen was centrofacial. Epidermal type of pigment predominates in most patients with melasma. Metabolic Syndrome X blood Metabolic syndrome and serum leptin levels in Erbil population. Al Mandalawi, Sanaa G. Hama; Ismail, Ava T.; Mustaffa, Shatha R. Hawler Medical University - College of Pharmacy - Department of Clinical Analysis Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 76-84 (16 ref.) Keywords: Leptin-blood; Age Factors; Sex Factors; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases [CVDs], has not been adequately explored in Erbil individuals and its relation to leptin hormone. The present study aim to evaluate such a relationship between serum leptin and metabolic syndrome in Erbil individuals. samples collection were carried out in Razgary Teaching Hospital, 45 cases with metabolic syndrome and 30 healthy control subjects, anthropometric variables measurements [blood pressure, body weight, body height, body mass index] and biochemical tests: fasting, serum glucose, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum leptin were obtained from the study samples. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in females in comparison to the males in metabolic syndromes group [with median 53.6 vs 23.8 ng/dl with p value < 0.05] with also present statistical significant difference in leptin between metabolic syndrome group and control group in both males and females. No important association between serum leptin and each of selected criteria of metabolic syndrome. The observed case-control difference in serum leptin is mainly attributed to gender and body mass index [bmi] differences and not a function of metabolic syndrome itself. Among subjects with metabolic syndrome, only age, gender and body mass index were important in determining the magnitude of serum leptin among cases groups. Metabolism, Inborn Errors genetics New and known mutations associated with inborn errors of metabolism in a heterogeneous Middle Eastern population. Ali, Bassam R.; Hertecant, Jozef L.; Al Jasmi, Fattima A.; Hamdan, Mohamed A.; Khuri, Sawsan F.; Akawi, Nadia, A.; Al Gazali, Lihadh I. E-mail:bassam.ali@uaeu.ac.ae United Arab Emirates University - Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences - Department of Pathology Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 353-359 (29 ref.) Keywords: Mutation; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Computational Biology; Metabolism, Inborn Errors- ethnology; Retrospective Studies; Infant, Newborn; Parents; Metabolism, Inborn Errors-etiology Abstract: To identify the mutations underlying a number of inborn errors of metabolism [IEM] disorders among United Arab Emirates [UAE] residents. Molecular diagnostic and bioinformatics tools were used to identify the causative mutations of IEM disorders from multi-ethnic patients residing in UAE. The study was conducted in Al-Ain, UAE, between April 2009 and September 2010. This is a case series retrospective study where patients attending the metabolic clinic at Tawam Hospital were recruited. Thirty patients and 26 parents were included. We present evidence in the UAE of 7 new mutations and 19 mutations that have previously been reported in other populations, all causing a number of common IEM disorders, including phenylketonuria, maple syrup urine disease, glycogen storage diseases, beta-ketothiolase deficiency, and Zellweger syndrome among many others. Reflecting the diverse ethnic groups residing in the UAE, we found mutations in several different population groups. However, consanguinity is evident in IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   48 most cases. This report is of utmost importance for taking the necessary steps toward the prevention of inherited disorders, not just in the UAE, but anywhere in the world where these Arab and Asian populations reside, or where consanguinity is a cultural norm. Microbial Sensitivity Tests methods Rapid detection and E-test antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafood and environmental sources in Malaysia. Al Othrubi, Saleh M.; Hanafiah, Alfizah; Radu, Son; Neoh, Humin; Jamal, Rahaman E-mail:salehoth_2000@yahoo.com University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 400-406 (39 ref.) Keywords: Vibrio Infections-epidemiology; Vibrio parahaemolyticus-isolation and purification; Seafood-microbiology; Marine Toxins Abstract: To find out the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods and environmental sources. The study was carried out at the Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research, University Putra Malaysia; University Kebangsaan Malaysia; Medical Molecular Biology Institute; and University Kebansaan Malaysia Hospital, Malaysia between January 2006 and August 2008. One hundred and forty-four isolates from 400 samples of seafood [122 isolates] and seawater sources [22 isolates] were investigated for the presence of thermostable direct hemolysin [tdh[+]] and TDH-related hemolysin [trh[+]] genes using the standard methods. The E- test method was used to test the antimicrobial susceptibility. The study indicates low occurrence of tdh[+] [0.69%] and trh[+] isolates [8.3%]. None of the isolates tested possess both virulence genes. High sensitivity was observed against tetracycline [98%]. The mean minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of the isolates toward ampicillin increased from 4 ug/ml in 2004 to 24 ug/ml in 2007. The current study demonstrates a low occurrence of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the marine environment and seafood. Nonetheless, the potential risk of vibrio infection due to consumption of Vibria parahaemolyticus contaminated seafood in Malaysia should not be neglected. Migraine Disorders pathology [The study of frequency of nasal obstruction in migraine headaches]. Barati, B.; Omrani, M.R.; Nejad, V. Shaygan; Khodami, A.R.; Abbasi, H. E-mail:a.khoodami@yahoo.com Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 59-61 (18 ref.) Keywords: Nasal Obstruction-epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Migraine Disorders-diagnosis Abstract: Nasal congestion is a problem in which many person with migraine headache are involved and can induce misdiagnosis in these patients. Many of these patients with nasal congestion believe that the cause of their headache is due to the sinusitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of nasal congestion in episodes of migraine headache. This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study on 131 patients which were diagnosed by neurologists based on standard criteria to have had migraine. Sampling was done through non-probability in hand method. The data were gathered with regard to age, sex, type of headache and presence of nasal congestion for each patient. They were then analyzed by chi-square and Fisher's exact test [p<0/05]. Out of 131 patients 18 [13.7%] had nasal congestion in their migraine attacks. 19.8% of patients were male and 80.2 patients were female. There was no meaningful correlation between nasal congestion in migraine patients with their sex, age and type of headache. According to the results of the study there was no meaningful correlation between the type of migraine headache [classic and non-classic] and sex and age. Minocycline therapeutic use Antimicrobial activity of tigecycline against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary care setting. Abdul Sattar; Abbasi, Shahid Ahmad; Faqir, Farah; Mirzan, Irfan Ali; Usman, Javaid; Faraz, Ali E-mail:abdulsattardr79@yahoo.com Armed Forces Institute of Pathology IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   49 PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 111-113 (23 ref.) Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus-drug effects; Minocycline-analogs and derivatives; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus-isolation and purification; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Staphylococcal Infections-drug therapy Abstract: To determine the in vitro efficacy of tigecycline against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]. Department of Microbiology Army Medical College and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi, from Feb 2008 to Jan 2009. One hundred clinical isolates of MRSA were taken, Detection of MRSA was done using 30 microg disc of cefoxitin as recommended by Clinical laboratory Standard Institute [CLSI]. Susceptibility of the isolates to tigecycline was done by employing modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique, according to the guidelines provided by the Food and Durg Administration [FDA]. Minimum inhibitory concentrations [MICs] of the isolates were determined by using E-strips [bioMerieux] of tigecycline. Results were interpreted according to FDA recommendations. All MRSA isolates were susceptible to tigecycline by disc diffusion method. The MICs of tigecycline revealed that all MRSA isolates were in sensitive range. In an era of rapidly growing antibiotic resistance, tigecycline has been found to have very good in vitro efficacy against MRSA isolates. Misoprostol administration and dosage A comparison of two protocols of intravaginal misoprostol for second trimestrer medical termination of pregnancy. Akhtar, Shahida; Fatima, Yasmin Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 43-46 (14 ref.) Keywords: Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; Abortion, Induced-methods; Administration, Intravaginal; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Misoprostol-adverse effects; Drug Administration Schedule Abstract: To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of two different dosage protocols of intravaginal misoprostol. Randomized control trial. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from May 2006 to December 2006. A total of 128 women's, aged 18-40 years, planned for 2nd trimester pregnancy termination, were randomly assigned to two groups of 64 each. Group - I women received vaginal misoprostol 400ug three hourly for a maximum of 8 doses in 24 hours. Women in group-II received vaginal misoprostol 400ug six hourly for a maximum of four doses in 24 hours. If abortion did not occur in 24 hours, the same regimens were repeated. Without successful abortion in 48 hours, misoprostol administration was abandoned in favour of surgical induction. The median induction to abortion interval in group - I [14.4 hours] was shorter than in group - II [182] [p< 0.001]. The frequency of fever was more common in group - I [p = 0.01]. The pregnancy related symptoms decreased in both groups after misoprostol and decrease in breast tenderness was most marked two to three hours after administration. Misoprostol induced fever was seen at least five hours after administration in up to 37.5% women, this peak being slightly higher and occurring earlier in group - I than in group - II. Lower abdominal pain peaked after three to four hours in group - I and after five to six hours in group - II, with no significant difference in pain intensity or analgesic requirements. Other common side effect were diarrhea followed by nausea and vomiting in both the groups. Protocol of 400ug misoprostol administered 6 hourly / 24 hours is more effective in reducing induction - abortion interval and inducing successful abortion within 48 hours without any major increase in side effects. therapeutic use Use of misoprostol for induction of labour in unfavourable cervix. Nizam, Khairunnisa; Haider, Gulfareen Isra University Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 39-42 (19 ref.) Keywords: Labor, Induced-methods; Pregnancy Outcome; Cervical Ripening-drug effects; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Safety; Treatment Outcome Abstract: Objective of this study was to determine the maternal and fetal outcome after induction of labour with misoprostol in term pregnancies with unripened cervix. Experimental study. Non probability convenient, in the labour ward of Nawabshah medical college hospital Sindh, Pakistan from 6th April 2008 to 5th Dec 2008. Total 114 patients were induced with misoprostol who had singleton pregnancy of more than 36 weeks with cephalic presentation, reactive CTG and unfavorable cervix [Bishop Score <4]. Sampling strategy was non probability convenient sampling. However, patients with previous cesarean section, parity >4, nonreactive CTG, any contraindication to induction of labour and bishop score > 4 were excluded from the study. After taking an informed consent, patients were given 100mcg misoprostol in posterior fornix of vagina every 6 hour till 3 doses or initiation of labour. Labour was recorded on partogram. Maternal and fetal outcome were recorded on a self designed proforma. Majority of patients i.e. 63 [55.26%] belonged to age group of 23-30 years. Eighty seven [76.31%] patients who received induction were primigravida while 27 [23.68%] patients were P2-P4. Thirty six [31.57%] patients required single dose of misoprostol, 54 [47.36%] patients required two doses while 24 [21%] patients required three doses. Out of all these 114 patients, IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   50 labour was successfully completed in 93 [81.57%] patients. While cesarean section was done in 21 [18.42%] patients. About 48 [42.10%] patients were delivered in 8 to 9 hours. Uterine hyper stimulation was seen in 9 [7.89%] patients. Apgar score was less than 7 in six [5.26%] newborns. Misoprostol is safe for induction of labour with an unfavorable cervix. The results were satisfying with minimal complications. Mite-Infestations veterinary Epidemiological studies of Egyptian buffaloes mange with special reference to efficacy of different therapeutic trials for treatment of mange. Kotb, Saber; Abdel Rady, Ahmed Assiut University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Animal Hygiene Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 9-22 (53 ref.) Keywords: Buffaloes; Mite Infestations-epidemiology; Mite Infestations-therapy; Ivermectin-therapeutic agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Ivermectin-analogs and derivatives; Treatment Outcome Abstract: The present study was conducted on 280 Egyptian buffaloes [Bithalis bubalus] during the period from June 2008 to July 2009. These animals belong to different villages in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. The age of these animals ranged from less than one year to above eight years old. Examination of diseased animals revealed that they suffered from itching, loss of patches of hair in different regions of the body with appearance of scales on the skin. The more common sites of infestation were the head, neck and the base of the tall. In this study skin scrapings were examined microscopically revealed that Sarcoptic spp. and psoroptic spp. were identified from Egyptian buffaloes in Upper Egypt in percentage of 11.78%and 8.57%, respectively, with overall percentage of 20.35%. infestation by Sarcoptic mange mites [57.89%] was recorded to be the most frequent in the examined cases, followed by Psoroptes spp. mites [42.10%]. Statistical analysis of some ecological parameters reveled that there is a significant relationship between prevalence of mange mite Infesting buffaloes and season, age, housing management as well as regular or irregular using acaricides. Moreover, this study included using different methods of clinical therapeutic trails. The infested buffaloes with mange mites were classified into four groups. The first one received two doses of Ivermectin [Ivomec, Merial], 10 days apart at dose rate of 200 micro g/kg subcutaneously. The second group received two doses of doramectin [Dectomax, Pfizer, Egypt] a, 10 days apart at dose rate of 200 micro/kg subcutaneously. The third group received two doses of Ivermectin [Ivomec, Merial], 10 days apart at dose rate of 200 micro g/kg subcutaneously, Adjunct to this drug, Deltamethrin [Butox-50, Intervet] was applied to the surrounding environment [bedding material, wall, fomites, etc....] twice at a 10 days interval, All cases were isolated in a separate place during treatment period. The fourth group received two doses of doramectin [Dectomax, Pfizer, Egypt] a, 10 days apart at dose rate of 200 micro g/kg subcutaneously, Adjunct to this drug, Deltamethrin [Butox-50, Intervet] was applied to the surrounding environment twice at a 10 days interval. We found that administration of Ivermectin or doramectin adjunct with treatment of animal environment Is the best protocol for eradication and prevention of mange mite from Infested buffaloes with mange mite and Its environment. Monoterpenes therapeutic use The effect of carvacrol on Enterococcus faecalis as a final irrigant. Nosrat, Ali; Bolhari, Behnam; Sharifian, Mohammad Reza; Aligholi, Marziyeh; Mortazavi, Mahsa Sadat Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences - Dental School IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 96-100 (24 ref.) Keywords: Anti-Infective Agents; Sodium Hypochlorite; Enterococcus faecalis-drug effects; Plant Extracts; Root Canal Irrigants Abstract: Sodium hypochlorite [NaOC1] is an effective antimicrobial irrigant, however its toxic effects and deterrent odor are not ideal. Carvacrol is an edible plant extract with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties that is effective against Enterococcus [E] faecalis. The aim of this study was to evaluate Carvacrol's antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis bacteria as a final irrigant. Forty extracted single-rooted human teeth were utilized. After mechanical preparations, samples were randomly divided into three experimental [A, B and C] and two control groups. E. faecalis was cultured in both experimental and positive control groups. After bacterial counting in all canals, 5.25% NaOC1, 0.6% Carvacrol emulsion and MTAD were used as final irrigants in groups A, B and C respectively. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney Utests. There was no meaningful difference in bacterial reduction between groups A and B; however, group C showed significantly lower efficacy compared to other groups [P<0.05]. The 0.6% Carvacrol disinfects root canals effectively. It also has anti-inflammatory qualities and therefore may be an acceptable alternative for NaOC1. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   51 Myocardial Infarction [The quality of life after first acute myocardial infarction]. Beyranvand, Mohammad Reza; Lorvand, Abbas; Parsa, Saeed Alipour; Motamedi, Mohammad Reza; Kolahi, Ali Asghar Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 264-272 (15 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: Improvement in the management of patients who are afflicted with acute myocardial infarction [AMI] has resulted in the increase of their survival after heart attacks. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life [QOL] after first AMI among patients who referred to teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 300 patients. The inclusion criteria were age between 32 to 79, first AMI, 6 to 30 months after AMI and consent for participation. These patients had been admitted in Shahid Modares, Loghmane Hakeem, Taleghanee and Shahid Labafeenejad hospitals, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, for AMI and they had written medical records in these hospitals. The participants were enrolled in the study when they referred for routine follow-up visits at outpatient clinics. Data was collected by interviewing the patients. For measuring QOL, The Short Form Health Survey [SF-36] was used. The mean age of patients was 56.6+/- 9.6 years from which 57.5% were men and 42.3% women. The mean scores of QOL in various aspects were 67.2 for physical function, 52.9 for role limitation due to physical health problems, 71.1 for bodily pain, 48 for general health, 52.6 for vitality, 71.3 for social function, 59.2 for role limitation due to emotional problems and 57.2 for mental health. In comparison with the general population, QOL in this study was reduced in all scales but the amount of reduction was not the same. With increasing age, QOL of patients decreased in all aspects. QOL in women after AMI, 9% to 23% more than men was reduced. The study showed that QOL of patients 6 to 30 months after the first AMI . The QOL decreased in physical scales more than mental and emotional scales. Decrease in QOL was related to increasing age and in women was more than men. Nanotechnology methods The role of nanobiotechnology in the development of personalized medicine. Jain, K.K. E-mail:jain@pharmabiotech.ch Jain PharmaBiotech Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 1-3 (12 ref.) Keywords: Individualized Medicine; Biotechnology; Biological Markers; Contrast Media; Drug Delivery Systems- methods Needs Assessment Educational needs assessment for men's participation in perinatal care. Simbar, M.; Nahidi, F.; Ramezani Tehrani, F.; Akbarzadeh, A. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Department of Reproductive Health EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 689-696 (30 ref.) Keywords: Health Education; Perinatal Care; Questionnaires; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: To assess men's educational needs to improve their involvement in perinatal care we carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional study on 400 women seeking perinatal care in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences hospitals and 400 men who were accompanying them. Participants were recruited using a quota sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect information on demography, men's educational needs and attitude assessment. The mean attitude score was 79.13% [SD 10.5%]. More than 95% of participants agreed with perinatal care education for men and the content most required was "Signs of risks during the perinatal period" and "Mothers' nutrition". The majority of participants preferred the face-to-face couples' counselling method, at home as the best place, evening and weekends as the best time and marriage classes as the best time for initiation. Men's education is necessary to promote male involvement in perinatal care. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   52 Nictitating Membrane surgery Reconstructive options for the medial canthus and eyelids following tumor excision. Czyz, Craig N.; Cahill, Kenneth V.; Foster, Jill A.; Michels, Kevin S.; Clark, Cooper M.; Rich, Nicole E. E-mail:dsp4000@aol.com Ohio Health Doctor's Hospital - Division of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 67-74 (25 ref.) Keywords: Eyelid Neoplasms; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Skin Transplantation; Transplants; Eyelids- surgery Abstract: General principles provide the framework for eyelid and periorbital reconstruction following tumor excision. Eyelid tumors involving the medial canthus region and/or lacrimal system add to the complexity of reconstructive planning. The nature of the tumor, patient and tissue factors, and surgeon preference guide repair design choices. Reconstructive considerations and options following medial canthal tumor resection are described. Nociceptors drug effects Involvement of opioid, adenosine and 5-HT3 receptors in antinociceptive effects of an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation. Chandrasekar, S.B.; Divakar, Kalyani; Pawar, A.T.; Goli, Divakar; Harisha, R.; Bhanumathy, M.; Sushma, G.; Shivaprasad, H.N. E-mail:sbchandrasekar@gmail.com Acharya BM Reddy College of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmacology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 66-70 (24 ref.) Keywords: Receptors, Opioid-drug effects; Analgesics, Opioid-pharmacology; Adenosine; Receptors, Serotonin, 5- HT3-drug effects; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; Diclofenac; Meperidine-pharmacology; Plant Extracts; Naloxone-pharmacology; Narcotic Antagonists; Caffeine-pharmacology; Ondansetron; Serotonin Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Medicine, Ayurvedic; Rats, Wistar Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation in rats and mice employing the tail immersion test and acetic acid-induced writhing test, respectively. With the tail immersion method, rats received two different doses [270 and 405 mg/kg BW, p.o.] of a formulation, pethidine [5.4 mg/kg BW, p.o.] as a reference standard and the combination of the higher dose of the formulation with naloxone [2 mg/kg, i.p.], an opioid receptor antagonist, and caffeine [16 mg/kg, i.p.], used as an adenosine receptor antagonist. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, mice received two different doses [390 and 585 mg/kg, BW, p.o.] of formulation, diclofenac sodium [15 mg/kg, BW, p.o.] as a reference standard and the combination of the higher dose of the polyherbal formulation with ondansetron [0.5 mg/kg, i.p.], a serotonin receptor antagonist. The polyherbal formulation [405 mg/kg] exhibited a significant [p < 0.01] antinociceptive effect using the tail immersion method. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the formulation showed significant [p < 0.01] dose-dependent activity. The antinociceptive effect of the polyherbal formulation apparently involved an opiate-like mechanism, since its antinociceptive action was attenuated by naloxone pretreatment. In addition, antinociceptive activity was attenuated by caffeine and reversed by ondansetron pretreatment. Our data suggest that the polyherbal formulation possessed centrally and peripherally mediated antinociceptive properties. The activity could be mediated through opioid, adenosine, and serotonin receptors and via inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase- and/or lipoxygenase-dependent pathways. Obesity genetics [Association between TNF-alpha promoter G-308A and G-238A polymorphisms and obesity in Tehran lipid glucose study population]. Sharifi, Kobra; Azizi, Fereidon; Rostami, Fatemeh; Daneshpour, Maryam Sadat; Hedayati, Mehdi Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences/ Obesity Research Center Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 247-256 (26 ref.) Keywords: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Polymorphism, Genetic; Risk Factors; Body Mass Index IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   53 Abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] is expressed primarily in adipocytes and elevated levels of this cytokine have been linked to obesity and insulin resistance. Therefore, we examined the relationship between the G- 308A and G-238A polymorphisms of TNF-alpha gene promoter variants and obesity in an Iranian population. Subjects of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study classified into two age groups under and above 18. Adults classified in three groups according to their body mass index and less than 18 years old subjects classified in two groups [under 85th percentile for their age and sex and above 85th percentile]. 244 persons were selected to examine -308 site and 239 persons were selected to examine -238 site. The mentioned polymorphisms were examined with PCR and RFLP methods. The allele frequency of TNF-alpha polymorphism was in the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and there was no relation between BMI and the frequency of this allele. No association between G-308A and G-238A TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms and obesity could probably indicate that it is not an important risk factor for obesity and consequently for cardiovascular disease. Orbit abnormalities Acute spontaneous extraconal hematic cyst of the orbit. Ali, Hala M. Nassim; Khairallah, Abdulrahman Samir; Moghazy, Khaled E-mail:dr_hala@yahoo.com King Fahad Hospital of The University - Department of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 85-88 (8 ref.) Keywords: Hematoma; Cysts; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Exophthalmos; Orbital Neoplasms Abstract: A 49 year old man presented with one day history of mild right eye pain and proptosis. There was no definite history of trauma. On examination there was limitation of movement in all directions of gaze and 6 mm proptosis of his right eye. CT scan showed extraconal lesion compressing the optic nerve and inferior rectus muscle. Right inferior conjunctival fornix based approach was performed with lateral canthotomy and inferior cantholysis and exploration revealed a cyst containing blood which was removed. Orbital Cellulitis Management of preseptal and orbital cellulitis. Lee, Seongmu; Yen, Michael T. Cullen Eye Institute - Department of Ophthalmology SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 2011; 25 (1): 21-29 (55 ref.) Keywords: Cellulitis Abstract: Orbital cellulitis describes an infection involving the soft tissues posterior to the orbital septum, including the fat and muscle within the bony orbit. This condition may be associated with severe sight and life-threatening complications. Despite significant advances in antimicrobial therapies and diagnostic technologies, the management of orbital cellulitis often remains challenging, and rapid diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy are important in minimizing complications and optimizing outcomes. This review summarizes the distinctive characteristics of preseptal and orbital cellulitis, with a focus on anatomic considerations, predisposing conditions, approaches to evaluation, and management strategies. Oxazolidinones pharmacokinetics Assessment of the stability of novel antibacterial triazolyl oxazolidinones using a stability- indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method. Phillips, Oludotun A.; Sharaf, Leyla H.; Abdel Hamid, Mohammed E.; Varghese, Reny E-mail:dphillips@hsc.edu.kw Kuwait University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 51-59 (21 ref.) Keywords: Drug Stability; Stomach-drug effects; Triazoles-chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Mass Spectrometry; Anti-Infective Agents-chemistry Abstract: To evaluate the stability of 12 triazolyl oxazolidinone [TOZ] derivatives in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids as well as in human plasma at 37 +/- 1°C. A stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] procedure with a C8 column [250 +/- 40 mm, 5 micro m particle size] and a mobile phase of acetonitrile/H2O [50/50 v/v] at 1.0 ml/min was used. Accelerated stability studies were conducted at 37 +/- 1°C in 0.1 M HCl solution as IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   54 simulated gastric fluid and in phosphate buffer solution [pH about 7.4] as simulated intestinal fluid. The stability of TOZs in human plasma at a simulated biological temperature of 37 +/- 1°C was evaluated as well. The stability studies indicated that the examined TOZs were stable in the above media, with the exception of compounds 1a [tert- butyl 4- [4-[[R]-5-[[1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]methyl] -2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl]-2-fluorophenyl]piperazine-1-carboxylate] and 1b [tert-butyl 4-[2-fluoro-4-[[R] -5-[[4-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol- 1-yl]methyl]-2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl] piperazine-1-carboxylate], which underwent degradation in simulated gastric fluid. The degradation kinetics revealed degradation parameters [kdeg, t1/2, t90] of 0.180 h-1, 3.85 h, and 0.58 h for 1a and of 0.184 h-1, 3.76 h and 0.57 h for 1b, respectively. Furthermore, the degradation products were identified by mass-spectrometric analysis at mass-to-charge ratios 347.5 and 361.5, respectively, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. With the exception of compounds 1a and 1b, the TOZs are stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids as well as in human plasma. Being carbamate derivatives, compounds 1a and 1b underwent fast and complete degradation in simulated gastric fluid. The obtained results should be considered for future studies of formulation of structurally related TOZs in oral dosage forms. Pain drug therapy A comparative study on anti-hyperalgesia effect of MTA and ketoprofen in inflammatory pain. Abbasipour, Fatemeh; Bakhtiar, Hengameh; Vatanpour, Mehdi; Khalilkhani, Habib; Torabzadeh, Hassan; Janahmadi, Mahyar Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Medical School - Endodontic Department IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 81-86 (49 ref.) Keywords: Oxides-therapeutic use; Hyperalgesia-drug therapy; Ketoprofen-therapeutic use; Inflammation; Pain Measurement; Facial Pain; Rats, Sprague-Dawley Abstract: Mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] is an endodontic material with different clinical applications e.g. root-end filling, pulp capping and perforation repair. It has been reported to possess antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of White MTA on formalin-induced hyperalgesia in a rat with inflammatory pain. Inflammatory pain was induced by subcutaneous [SC] injection of formalin [40 microL, 2.5%] into the rat upper lip. The nociceptive behavioral responses i.e. shaking of the lower jaw and face rubbing were quantified. 40 uL of eugenol [50 mg/kg], WMTA [20 mg/0.2 mL] or ketoprofen were injected solely or in combination with formalin 2.5% and the behavioral responses were compared with those observed after formalin treatment alone. One-way ANOVA, Tukey were used for analysis of data. Formalin 2.5% provoked a biphasic nociceptive response, with an early and short lasting first tonic phase followed by a second phase. Solely SC injection of either WMTA or ketoprofen [a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug] did not stimulate any significant nociceptive behaviour. However, injection of eugenol [a pain relieving agent] induced the early phase not the tonic phase of nociceptive response. WMTA, eugenol or ketoprofen injection 20 min before formalin injection attenuated the first phase but somehow prevented the induction of the second phase of nociceptive responses which were produced by formalin. Behavioural nociceptive responses including shaking of the lower jaw and face rubbing were significantly reduced when the subject was pretreated with either WMTA or ketoprofen [P<0.001]. In this study, WMTA induced pain reduction by suppression of the formalin-induced nociceptive response. Pallor Evaluation of absence of clinical pallor in recruits. Alam, Maqbool; Akram, Saeed PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 58-60 (22 ref.) Keywords: Anemia-diagnosis; Conjunctiva-pathology; Hemoglobins-chemistry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Physical Examination Abstract: Clinical findings such as pallor of the conjunctivae, nail beds, lips, oral mucosa and palmar creases have been used by physicians in the diagnosis of anaemia. This study was carried out to determine the value of absence of clinical pallor in ruling out anaemia in recruits by measuring blood haemoglobin concentration as a true standard. A cross-sectional descriptive study. Pathology department of Combined Military Hospital Sargodha from Jan 2009 to Jun 2009. Young adults selected for recruitment in army after medical examination by general duty medical officers were included in the study. Haemoglobin estimation was done on Sysmex KX-21 semi automated haematology analyzer. Out of total 1760 individuals who were not having conjunctival pallor as per assessment of the doctors, 109 [6.19%] were found anaemic [haemoglobin<13.5g/dL] by haemoglobin estimation. Among the anaemic recruits, 88 [80.73%] were having haemoglobin 13.49 to 10.00 g/dL. The absence of clinical pallor is not likely to rule out mild anaemia in all selected recruits. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   55 Parkinson Disease therapy [The effects of FGF8 and Shh on expression of dopaminergic markers from human amniotic epithelial cells]. Niknejad, H.; Peirovi, H.; Ahmadian, A.; Jorjani, M. E-mail:niknejad@sbmu.ac.ir Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Research Center Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 37-47 (30 ref.) Keywords: Embryonic Stem Cells; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; Hedgehog Proteins; Dopamine Agents; Amnion- cytology Abstract: Recently, interest has increased in the potential employment of embryonic stem cells for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, which has been considered as an alternative therapeutic strategy. Due to their pluripotent differentiation potential, the finding that they do not induce carcinoma and the fact that they do not raise the ethical concerns connected with human embryonic stem cells, human amniotic epithelial cells are considered to be a very promising cell source. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FGF8 and Shh on the expression of dopaminergic markers from human amniotic epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in vitro from AECs using the expression of several markers including TH, DAT and D beta H. For dopaminergic differentiation, sonic hedgehog [Shh] and FGF8 were added to cultures and the cultures were allowed to differentiate for 21 days. Analysis of AECs derived dopaminergic neurons was performed at the TH, DAT, beta-tubulin III and D beta H expression levels by immunocitochemistry. The significance of the data was tested by Student's t-test [between two groups] and one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] followed by Tukey post-test. [p<0/01, p<0/05]. Combination of Shh and FGF8 showed the higher level of TH in comparison to control group or these factors alone. Moreover, Shh is more effective than FGF8 on DAT expression in comparison to expression of D beta H. These results show the capability of AECs to express dopaminergic neural markers and this ability is affected by Shh and FGF8. Pericardiectomy Role of posterior pericardiotomy in prevention of Pericardial Effusion and Atrial Fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Ahmad, Muhammad; Iqbal, Afsheen; Paracha, Vaqar Ilahi; Rashid, Azhar PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 70-74 (24 ref.) Keywords: Pericardial Effusion-prevention and control; Atrial Fibrillation-surgery; Atrial Fibrillation-prevention and control; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Pericardial Effusion-surgery; Case-Control Studies; Random Allocation Abstract: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of Posterior Pericardiotomy in decreasing the occurrence and development of Pericardial Effusion and related Atrial Fibrillation [AF] Randomized Control Trial [RCT]. Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi, from Jan 2009 to Feb 2010. This prospective randomised study was performed in the first 100 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery [CABG] between January 2009 and February 2010. Patients were randomized into two groups, Posterior Pericardiotomy was performed in 50 patients before releasing aortic cross clamp [Group I]; remaining other 50 patients served as the control Group [Group II]. Longitudinal incision was made parallel and posterior to the left phrenic nerve, extending from the left inferior pulmonary vein to the diaphragm in Group I. The difference between the two treatment groups, with regards to age, sex, number of bypass grafts, duration of cross clamp, total perfusion time and hospital stay time were not statistically significant. Atrial Fibrillation was noted in 02 [4%] patients in Group I and 12 [24%] patients in Group II [p 0.004]. Pericardial Effusion was present in 03 patients in Group I and 16 patients in Group II [p <0.001]. Atrial flutter and other supraventricular arrhythmias were not statistically significant. Posterior Pericardiotomy proved to be technically easy and efficient procedure in decreasing the occurrence and development of Pericardial Effusion and related Atrial Fibrillation [AF]. Plants, Medicinal Plants and dermatology: a panoramic view. Al Aboud, Ahmad M. E-mail:ahamadalaboud@hotmail.com King Abdulaziz Medical City - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 55-57 (11 ref.) Keywords: Complementary Therapies-adverse effects; Skin Diseases-therapy; Herbal Medicine; Dermatology IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   56 Abstract: Plants are very diverse in nature including location, seasonal variation, distribution and fruit production. They provide oxygenation as well as being a food source. Certain medical and dermatological treatments are derived from plants. However, they may also cause cutaneous disease. Pneumoperitoneum Randomized, prospective comparison of post-operative pain in low - versus high -pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy . Al Dabbagh, Ali A.; Ismaeel, Nabaz Hassan Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 35-40 (33 ref.) Keywords: Pain, Postoperative-prevention and control; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Pain Measurement; Double-Blind Method Abstract: CO2 insuflation constitutes the commonest means of creating the pneumoperitoneum [PP], but it is attributed to many post-laparoscopic cholecystecomy adverse effects including pain triggering. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of low-pressure CO2 PP during laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC] in reducing the incidence of postoperative pain. A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients with symptomatic gall stones. Patients were randomized preoperatively into group A [n=50] who underwent LC with 8 mmHg CO2 PP throughout the procedure and those in group B [n=50] had LC with 12 mmHg CO2 PP. Abdominal and shoulder-tip pain were assessed with verbal rating scale [VRS] scoring at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. The low-pressure PP did not increase the duration of surgery. There were neither significant peri-operative complications nor conversion to open procedure in either group. A statistical comparison of mean cumulative VRS scores for abdominal and shoulder-tip pain in both groups shows statistical significance at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after operation. A CO2 PP at 8 mmHg reduces both the frequency and intensity of abdominal and shoulder-tip pain following LC without increasing the rate of intraoperative complications. Polymorphism, Genetic CYP2C9 polymorphism studies in the Saudi population. Saour, Jalal N.; Shereen, Atia W.; Saour, Basil J.; Mammo, Layla A. E-mail:jala.saour1945@gmail.com King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center - Department of Medicine Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 347-352 (30 ref.) Keywords: Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System-genetics; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Prevalence; Warfarin- pharmacology; Genetics, Population; Case-Control Studies Abstract: To determine the prevalence of CYP2C9 polymorphism in normal Saudis [controls], in Saudi patients with venous thrombosis, in patients requiring low dose warfarin [study group] for anticoagulation, and to compare our results to those from other populations. Blood from the "control and study" groups was collected from November 2001 to November 2008. The DNA was extracted, stored at -70°C and later tested for the CYP2C9 polymorphism using established methods. Clinical data were collected through direct interview, chart review, and the Saudi Thrombosis and Familial Thrombophilia Registry. All individuals consented. The prevalence of CYP2C9 polymorphisms in the Saudi population was similar to Caucasians and higher than Asian and African. The control [n=670] and patients with venous thrombosis [n=110] groups showed similar prevalence of the normal wild type CYP2C9 and the 2 polymorphisms tested [CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3]. The group that required low dose warfarin [n=25] showed significantly higher CYP2C9 polymorphism, required 40% less warfarin and had a higher rate of bleeding [5% versus 1.8%]. The prevalence of the abnormal polymorphism in the Saudi population of 35.5% is similar to that in Caucasians. Patients with the CYP2C9 polymorphism required 40% less warfarin and had more serious bleeds. Pregnancy, Ectopic drug therapy Successful management of cornual ectopic pregnancy with systemic methotrexate. Mathew, Mariam; Mohan, ANita K.; Al Kalbani, Ahlam; Al Aamri, Sumaiya E-mail:mathewz@omantel.net.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Obstetrics an dGynecology JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 49-51 (5 ref.) Keywords: Methotrexate-therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome; Pregnancy, Ectopic-surgery; Laparotomy Abstract: Cornual pregnancies remain the most difficult type of ectopic pregnancies to diagnose. The maternal morbidity and mortality rate of ruptured cornual pregnancy are still high. Ruptured cornual pregnancy usually presents IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   57 dramatically with severe intra-abdominal bleeding necessitating urgent laparotomy. In unruptured cases, alternative treatment options like laparoscopic surgeries, local versus systemic methotrexate are found to be effective. Propofol administration and dosage Effect of intramuscular and intravenous lidocaine on propofol induction dose. Kelsaka, Ebru; Karakaya, Deniz; Baris, Sibel; Sarihasan, Binnur; Dilek, Ahmet E-mail:ebruk@omu.edu.tr Ondokuz Mayis University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anaesthesiology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 71-74 (15 ref.) Keywords: Lidocaine-administration and dosage; Propofol-therapeutic use; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local-administration and dosage; Heart Rate-drug effects; Central Nervous System-drug effects Abstract: Our purpose was to study whether or not intravenous [IV] administration of lidocaine reduces propofol dose requirement as intramuscular [IM] lidocaine in a placebo-controlled manner. Seventy-five adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II, aged 20-60 years who were scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups: IM: intramuscular administration; IV: intravenous administration and C: control. There were 25 patients in each group. The patients in group IM received lidocaine 1.5 mg · kg-1 administered into the deltoid muscle 10 min before anaesthesia induction. In group IV, the patients received IV lidocaine 1.5 mg · kg-1, 2 min before anaesthesia induction. Group C patients served as control group who received only propofol injection. Hypnosis after propofol administration was measured with response to verbal commands. There were no statistical differences between group IM [100.8 +/- 26.1 mg] and group IV [110.8 +/- 30.1 mg] regarding the induction dose of propofol [p > 0.05]. In group C, the required propofol dose [151.2 +/- 27.4 mg] for anaesthesia induction was significantly higher than in the other groups [p < 0.001]. No side effect was observed in any patients. In this study, both IV and IM lidocaine administration were effective in reducing the hypnotic dose of propofol without any side effects. In addition, IV lidocaine may be more comfortable for awake patients. Prostate-Specific Antigen blood Relation of prostate specific antigen and histopathology of prostate biopsy. Abu Baker, Salah ; Rashid, Payman Anwar Hawler Medical University - Collage of Medicine Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 22-27 (25 ref.) Keywords: Biological Markers; Prostatic Neoplasms-pathology; Early Diagnosis; Prospective Studies; Age Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity Abstract: Prostate cancer is now the commonest cancer in men and the second commonest cause of cancer death after lung cancer. The introduction of prostate specific antigen [PSA] testing has revolutionized the early detection, management and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer and it is considered to be one of the best biochemical markers currently available in the field of oncology. This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance characteristics of prostate specific antigen [PSA] by comparing serum PSA value with histopathological finding of prostate biopsy, determine the relation between PSA and various prostatic diseases, and to explain the effect of age on PSA testing. To fulfill these objectives, 92 specimens of prostate biopsy from patients with history of prostatism who underwent prostate surgery [prostatectomy, TURP and true cut biopsy of prostate] with samples of serum for TPSA analysis taken preoperatively during a period of 10 months. In addition to 33 samples of serum taken from apparently healthy individuals for TPSA analysis. From 92 cases 12 of them were malignant, 49 cases were BPH and 31 cases were BPH with prostatitis. Statistically there was significant relation between PSA values and histopathological findings of prostate biopsy and significant relation between age and PSA value of apparently healthy individuals. PSA sensitivity was [100%], specificity [46.25%], PPV [21.8%], and NPV [100 sensitivity of PSA testing was better than specificity. It is concluded that PSA evaluation is a sensitive marker for prostate cancer but because of various other conditions that affect serum PSA concentration. Other methods of investigations such as DRE, TRUS and histological examination should be combined to confirm diagnosis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   58 Prostatic Neoplasms diagnosis Detection rate and clinical pattern of prostate cancer in Kuwait: a single-center experience. Narayanaswamy, Arun; Abul, Fawzi; Mathew, T.C. E-mail:nandarun@gmail.com Al Amiri Hospital - Urology Unit Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 34-38 (25 ref.) Keywords: Prostate-Specific Antigen; Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal; Biopsy, Needle; Ultrasonography; Analysis of Variance; Age Distribution; Digital Rectal Examination-standards Abstract: To determine the detection rate and clinical pattern of prostate cancer in Kuwait. One hundred and fifty- three males suspected of having prostate cancer based on elevation of prostate-specific antigen [PSA] of more than 4 ng/ml underwent transrectal-ultrasound [TRUS] -guided needle biopsy of the prostate between January 2003 and January 2008; these formed the study group. Analysis of prostate cancer was based on age, prostate volume, PSA level and on finding any abnormality based on a combination of the diagnostic tools. A diagnosis of prostate cancer was histologically confirmed in 42 [27.4%] patients. In those aged <55, 56-65, 66-75 and >76 years, the detection rates were 16.7, 17.6, 33.3 and 40.7%, respectively. In those with prostate volumes of >71, 51-70, 31-50 and <30 g, the detection rates were 18.2, 23.8, 30.8 and 42.9%, respectively. When the PSA levels were divided into groups of 4-10, 10-20, 20-100 and >100 ng/ml, the cancer detection rate was 11.8, 20.5, 47.1 and 83.3%, respectively. When 1, 2 and 3 of the 3 diagnostic tools [digital rectal examination, PSA, TRUS] were abnormal, the detection rate was 15.6, 27.9 and 80%, respectively. Our data showed that the prostate cancer rate differs according to the region and that the rate was low in our center. Higher PSA and higher number of diagnostic tools with abnormal findings were associated with a higher incidence of prostate cancer. Proton Pump Inhibitors therapeutic use Proton pump inhibitor for treatment of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic renal failure: is it necessary?. Xu, Gaosi; Li, Jian; Cheng, Pingshan; Tu, Weiping Nanchang University - Second Affiliated Hospital - Department of Nephrology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 100 (6 ref.) Keywords: Helicobacter pylori-drug effects; Kidney Failure, Chronic-microbiology; Helicobacter Infections-drug therapy; Helicobacter Infections-complications Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation and purification [Molecular detection and identification of virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound and burn infections]. Aslani, Mohammad Mehdi; Sharafi, Zeynab; Shahcheraghi, Fereshteh; Nikbin, Vajiheh Sadat; Ebrahimipour, Gholamhossein; Hashemipour, Marjan E-mail:mmaslani@yahoo.com Pasteur Institute of Iran - Department of Microbiology Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 287-292 (22 ref.) Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa-pathogenicity; Wounds and Injuries-microbiology; Burns-microbiology; Wound Infection; Bacterial Infections; Neuraminidase; Exotoxins; Bacterial Toxins; Virulence Abstract: In recent decades, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens. Due to the clinical importance this bacterium, various methods have been developed to rapidly and accurately identify it. The aim of this research was to detect P. aeruginosa isolated from wound and burn infections on the basis of the amplification of the oprl, oprL and toxA genes, and to determine the prevalence of nanl and exoS genes among them. A total of 150 P. aeruginosa isolates was collected from patients with burn and wound infections of Imam-Khomaini, Tohid and Motahari hospitals in Tehran. The isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa using specific biochemical tests. Chromosomal DNA of the isolates was extracted with phenol chloroform method and used for PCR of oprl, oprL, toxA, exoS and nanl genes by specific primers. Among 150 P. aeruginosa isolates all carried the oprl and IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   59 oprL genes; 98 [65.3%] 142 [94.7%] and 19 [12.66%] of the isolates were positive for exoS, toxA and nanl genes respectively. The presence of nanl gene in wound isolates [30%] was significantly higher [p<0.05] than in burn isolates [4%].Our results indicated that simultaneous use of oprl, oprL and toxA genes provide sufficient sensitivity to detect P. aeruginosa in clinical samples. The high prevalence of exoS in isolates suggests invasive phenotype of wound and burn isolates. The high prevalence of nanl in wound isolates suggests a possible role of this gene in those infections. Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum diagnosis Yellowish papules over neck and upper chest. Kumar, Piyush; Mondal, Avijit; Shashidhar, T.; Hegde, Raghuraj S.; Gharami, R.C. Medical College and Hospital - Dermatology Department JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 71-73 (10 ref.) Keywords: Neck; Skin-pathology; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-pathology; Angioid Streaks Public Health U.S.-Mexico cross-border workforce training needs: survey implementation. Rosales, Cecilia B.; Nuno, Tomas; Dieke, Ada; Galvez, Francisco Navarro; Dutton, Ronald J.; Guerrero, Robert; Dulin, Paul; Jimenez, Elisa Aguilar; Granillo, Brenda; de Zapien, Jill Guernsey E-mail:crosales@email.arizona.edu University of Arizona - Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 1-11 (18 ref.) Keywords: Data Collection; Health Surveys; Needs Assessment Abstract: Since the tragic events experienced on September 11, 2001, and other recent events such as the hurricane devastation in the southeastern parts of the country and the emergent H1N1season, the need for a competent public health workforce has become vitally important for securing and protecting the greater population. The primary objective of the study was to assess the training needs of the U.S. Mexico border states public health workforce. The Arizona Center for Public Health Preparedness of the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at The University of Arizona implemented a border-wide needs assessment. The online survey was designed to assess and prioritize core public health competencies as well as bioterrorism, infectious disease, and border/binational training needs. Approximately 80% of the respondents were employed by agencies that serve both rural and urban communities. Respondents listed 23 different functional roles that best describe their positions. Approximately 35% of the respondents were primarily employed by state health departments, twenty-seven percent [30%] of the survey participants reported working at the local level, and 19% indicated they worked in other government settings [e.g. community health centers and other non-governmental organizations]. Of the 163 survey participants, a minority reported that they felt they were well prepared in the Core Bioterrorism competencies. The sections on Border Competency, Surveillance/Epidemiology, Communications/Media Relations and Cultural Responsiveness, did not generate a rating of 70% or greater on the importance level of survey participants. The study provided the opportunity to examine the issues of public health emergency preparedness within the framework of the border as a region addressing both unique needs and context. The most salient findings highlight the need to enhance the border competency skills of individuals whose roles include a special focus on emergency preparedness and response along the US-Mexico border. Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive therapy Comparison of inhalation technique of pressurized metered dose inhaler before and after a session of instructions in male patients of obstructive airway diseases. Iqbal, Usman; Ansari, Jawwad Khaliq; Siddique, Muhammad Bilal PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 35-38 (10 ref.) Keywords: Metered Dose Inhalers; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Bronchodilator Agents-administration and dosage; Equipment Design Abstract: To assess the inhalation technique of pressurized metered dose inhalers [pMDI] in patients of obstructive air way diseases, to find out common errors and to determine improvement in their inhalation technique after a session of inhaler training. Quasi experimental study. The study was conducted at outdoor department of Military Hospital Rawalpindi from December 2005 to April 2006. A total of 100 male patients, using pMDI on regular basis for their IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   60 obstructive respiratory symptoms, participated in the study. Patients' inhalation technique of pMDI was recorded against a standardized seven step checklist. Any technique having even a single erroneous step was marked as incorrect. Two weeks later, having given instructions on correct use of the device, the patient's inhalation technique was reassessed. Subsequently, results of both pre and post instruction assessment of inhalation techniques were compared and analyzed. During the 1st visit, only 21 patients [21%] demonstrated correct technique of inhalation. Upon 2nd visit, the number of patients having correct technique rose to 55 [55%] indicating significant improvement in the technique as demonstrated by applying McNemar's test. Erroneous inhalation technique is quite common among patients using pMDI. However, they can improve their technique significantly if they are taught the correct use of inhaler device. Pulmonary Emphysema congenital Congenital lobar emphysema: a diagnostic challenge but treatable congenital disorder of lungs. Jillani, Muhammad Lutfullah; Malik, Bashir Ahmad; Mahmood, Tahir; Aslam, Mushahid; Afzal, Muhammad PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 143-145 (9 ref.) Keywords: Respiratory Insufficiency-etiology; Pulmonary Emphysema-radiography; Infant; Congenital Abnormalities; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn-etiology Renal Dialysis Can calcium, phosphate, calcium phosphate product and intact parathyroid hormone levels be appropriately controlled in dialysis patients?. Deger, S.M.; Mutluay, R.; Derici, U.; Mandiralioglu, F.; Arinsoy, T.; Sindel, S. E-mail:serpilmugedeger@yahoo.com Gazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Nephrology Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 85-89 (15 ref.) Keywords: Vitamin D-blood; Calcium-blood; Phosphates-blood; Parathyroid Hormone-blood; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Retrospective Studies; Sickness Impact Profile; Calcium Phosphates-blood Abstract: To review the target levels of calcium [Ca], phosphate [P], calcium phosphate products [Ca x P] and intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH] levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis [HD] and peritoneal dialysis [PD] and compare them with the Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative [K/DOQI] recommendations. Three hundred and fifty-seven patients who had been undergoing dialysis for more than 3 months were included. Patients who had undergone a parathyroidectomy were excluded. The levels of Ca, P, iPTH and Ca x P were monitored for the last 3 months. The Ca and P levels were measured by standard techniques, and iPTH was assessed by the intact molecule assay. Between HD and PD patients, there was no statistically significant difference for age, duration of dialysis or primary disease causing end-stage renal disease. The percentage of patients whose serum Ca, P, Ca x P product and iPTH were within K/DOQI recommended target ranges were 61.2, 66.4, 82.2 and 28.3% in HD patients, and 56.3, 60.6, 85.9 and 22.5% in PD patients, respectively. When all results for each group - HD and PD - were analyzed, 12.8% of patients had all 4 markers within the target range. Achieving target ranges of mineral markers is important in dialysis patients, but reaching K/DOQI target levels is difficult. Hence, physicians should be careful in using P binders and vitamin D analogs to achieve the normal ranges. adverse effects Carotid intima media thickness, left ventricular hypertrophy and weekly averaged blood pressure in hemodialysis patients. Abdallah, Emad; Waked, Emam; Nabil, Malak; Abdel Khalek, Ashraf; Metwally, Amna Theodor Bilharz Research Institute - Department of Nephrology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 141-154 (39 ref.) Keywords: Hypertension-complications; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular-epidemiology; Tunica Intima; Echocardiography-methods; Carotid Artery, Common-ultrasonography Abstract: Undoubtedly, cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in haemodialysis [HD] patients, and hypertension plays an important role in development of cardiovascular disorders in them. The present study evaluated the weekly averaged blood pressure with its relation to carotid intima media thickness and left ventricular mass index in HD patients. The study included 112 HD patients [85 males and 27 females]. We used daily home blood pressure [HBP] monitoring to record a total of 20 points of BP over a period of 1 week, including measurements of the wake-up and night BPs; in addition to the BP recorded before and after each HD session that occurred three times a week. The average of 20 BP measurements was defined as the weekly averaged IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   61 blood pressure [WAB]. Also, the relationship between WAB and left ventricular hypertrophy [LVH] or carotid intima media thickness and carotid intima media thickness and left ventricular hypertrophy were evaluated. The results showed that systolic WAB [144.26 +/- 7.39 mmHg] and diastolic WAB [75.84 +/- 5.15 mmHg] were almost consistent with the wake-up BP on the day after the midweek dialysis session [R2=0.628 and 0.684, respectively]. The WAB showed significant positive correlations with the left ventricular mass index [LVMI] [R=0.387, P<0.0003] and carotid intima media thickness [R=0.226, P<0.0034], whereas the predialysis systolic BP showed a significant positive correlation with the CIMT and non-significant correlation with LVMI. There was a significant positive correlation between CIMT and LVMI. Resilience, Psychological Does adversity early in life affect general population suicide rates? a cross-national study. Shah, Ajit; Bhandarkar, Ritesh E-mail:ajit.shah@wlmht.nhs.uk University of Central Lancashire - West London Mental Health NHS Trust - Department of Psychiatrics Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 25-27 (16 ref.) Keywords: Suicide Abstract: Adversity early in life has been suggested as a protective factor for elderly suicides. However, studies examining this relationship in general population suicide rates are scarce. The relationship between general population suicide rates and four proxy measures of adversity earlier in life was examined using data from the World Health Organization and the United Nations data banks. General population suicide rates were negatively correlated with the percentage of children under the age of 5 years who were underweight, the percentage of children under the age of 5 years who were under height, the percentage of infants with low birth weight babies, and the percentage of the general population that was undernourished. The only independent predictor general population suicide rates in both sexes, on multiple regression analysis, was the Gini coefficient [a measure of income inequality]. Income inequality may lead to low birth weight, undernourishment, underweight and under height because income inequality results in poor access to healthcare and nutrition. These adversities may increase child mortality rates and reduce life expectancy. Those surviving into adulthood in countries with greater adversity early in life may be at reduced risk of suicide because of selective survival of those at reduced risk of suicide due to constitutional or genetic factors and development of greater tolerance to hardship in adulthood. Respiratory Tract Infections microbiology [Effect of water extract of Costus Indian or sea-qust on pathogenic fungi for the respiratory system in human to exhibit the miracle scientific in the Sunah]. Al Kattan, Manal Othman; Al Sheikh, Huda Mohammed E-mail:asrar_673@hotmail.com Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 1-14 (25 ref.) Keywords: Mycoses-drug effects; Plant Extracts-therapeutic use; Costus; Phytotherapy Abstract: The plant extracts are one of methods which use them since antiquity in alternative medicine and still until now. This extracts are developing by the progress of science and technology where some materials extracted from plants, to be effective against disease-causing microorganisms, because they contain essential oils and essences, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes and organic acids .In addition that materials are used to make many pharmaceutical drugs. This study aims to identify the effect of water extracts for Costus Indian and sea-Qust on some fungi and yeast pathogens for the respiratory system of humans and to demonstrate the scientific in prophet's Sunah where the prophet [PBUH] said [Cupping and marine Costus are the best of your remedies] and also he said [Use this Indian wood, because it contains seven types of cures, among them a cure for pleurisy]. That importance which appeared in the prophet's guidance for treating to Costus is revealed by this study, especially as the water extracts are shown highly effective against Aspergilus niger, A. fluvus and Candida albicans tested, it exhibit this effect in all the extracts treatment, cold or hot when used for private high concentrations of them. As a result, the extract of sea-Qust on a hot treatment is demonstrated an effective on the fungus A. niger, and the Costus cold for both types of Costus was a highly effective from a hot treatment for A. flavus. Also, the growth rate of Candida albicans have been affected by all treatments of Costus extract. Root Canal Filling Materials Particle size of a new endodontic cement compared to root MTA and calcium hydroxide. Soheilipour, Elham; Kheirieh, Sanam; Madani, Majid; Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh; Asgary, Saeed Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Dental Research Center IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   62 IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 112-116 (36 ref.) Keywords: Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Cements; Dental Pulp Cavity; Root Canal Therapy; Particle Size; Oxides; Endodontics Abstract: Particle size and distribution can influence the properties of materials. This study analyzed and compared the particle size of Root MTA, calcium hydroxide [CH], and a new endodontic cement called calcium enriched material [CEM]. The particle size of each material was analyzed three times using 0.05 mg of test material with a particle size analyzer. The particle size distribution ranges, the cumulative percentage and the mean of particle sizes were calculated. One-way ANOVA, Tukey, and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses. Results demonstrated that the distribution of particles was dissimilar. Particle mean size in the three different materials was not significantly different. However, the cumulative percentage of CH and CEM cement particles size demonstrated significant difference [P<0.05]. Among the various particle size distributions, the particle distribution in the size range of </=30 microm showed significant difference between materials [P<0.05]. Interestingly, the smallest range of particle size belonged to CEM cement. The high percentage of small particles found in CEM cement provides desirable properties such as effective seal, good setting time and film thickness in addition to favorable flow and adaptability. toxicity Cytotoxicity of cold ceramic compared with MTA and IRM. Mozayeni, Mohammad Ali; Milani, Amin Salem; Marvasti, Laleh Alim; Abbas, Fatemeh Mashadi; Modaresi, Seyed Jalil E-mail:mamozayeni@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Dental School/ Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Dental Research Center IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 106-111 (37 ref.) Keywords: Ceramics-toxicity; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Oxides-toxicity; Fibroblasts; Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Silicates; Drug Combinations Abstract: Biocompatibility is a desirable feature for root-end filling materials. In this study we aimed to compare a new material called cold ceramic [CC] with intermediate restorative material (IRM) and mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] using Methyl-tetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay. The materials were tested in fresh and set states: [n=108]. The cytotoxicity was compared using L929 fibroblasts as an indicator; tested materials were eluted with culture medium according to ISO: 109935 standard. Distilled water and culture medium served as positive and negative controls, respectively [n=36]. The results were evaluated at 1, 24 hours and 7 days. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA for each time interval and material status and t-tests. The cytotoxicity of the tested materials were statistically different at the various time intervals [P<0.001]. IRM was the most cytotoxic root-end filling material [P<0.001], MTA demonstrated the least cytotoxicity followed by CC. Despite displaying the greatest cytotoxicity, IRM is approved by the American Food and Drug Administration [PDA]. Cold ceramic had significantly lower cytotoxicity compared to IRM, in all but one subgroup. Further investigations are required to assess the clinical applicability of this novel material. Root Canal Preparation instrumentation Centering ability and dentin removal of rotary systems in curved root canals. Moradi, Saeed; Talati, Ali; Zadeh, Ali Monajem Mashad University of Medical Sciences - Dental School/Dental Research Center IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 91-95 (26 ref.) Keywords: Dental Pulp Cavity; Root Canal Therapy; Dentin; Root Canal Preparation-methods Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare centering ability and dentin removal of three rotary systems in curved root canals of extracted teeth. Sixty root canals of mandibular first molars with curvatures ranging between 25- 35° were divided into three groups of 20 teeth each. Based on pre-instrumentation radiographs that assessed the angle and the radius of canal curvatures, teeth with curvatures were equally spread between the three groups. The root canals were sectioned horizontally at two levels before preparation and then remounted onto the muffle. All root canals were prepared using a low-torque control motor with Mtwo or Medin or Race instruments. Cross sectional images were obtained before and after instrumentation. Cross-sectional area and centering ability were evaluated. The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Neither instrument fracture nor permanent deformation occurred during preparations. The best centering ability was obtained by Mtwo instruments compare to Race and Medin instruments. In the coronal and middle sections, Mtwo removed less dentin than Race and Medin; while the difference in the apical section was not significant. Under the conditions of this study, the debridement of root canals was more conservative with Mtwo. The canals prepared with these instruments were better centered in all three regions of the root. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   63 Rotavirus Infections Rotavirus gastroenteritis and strain diversity in Saudi Arabia. Current status and future prospects. Al Mendalawi, Mahmood D. Baghdad University - Al Kindy College of Medicine - Department of Paediatrics Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 429-430 (5 ref.) Keywords: Gastroenteritis-virology; Rotavirus-isolation and purification; Gastroenteritis-epidemiology; Species Specificity epidemiology Frequency of rota virus infection in children with acute diarrhea. Khattak, Tariq Azam; Ali, Salman; Safdar, C. Aqeel; Aslam, Muhammad Shahid PAF Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 86-89 (26 ref.) Keywords: Diarrhea-virology; Dehydration-etiology; Vomiting-etiology; Child; Feces-virology Abstract: To determine the frequency of rotavirus infection in children admitted to the Military Hospital Rawalpindi with acute watery diarrhea. Descriptive study. Department of Pediatrics Military Hospital Rawalpindi, in collaboration with Virology department of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from January to June 2007. A total of 200 patients of acute watery diarrhea in age group 3 months to 5 years were included. After taking informed consent, stool samples were taken and tested for rotavirus [group A] antigen by Latex Agglutination. Results were entered in pre- designed proformas. Out of 200 patients with acute watery diarrhea ninety eight [49%] were male and 102 [51%] were female with mean age of 14.8 months [SD +/- 9.1]. Rotavirus serology was positive in 62 patients [31%]. Among Rotavirus positive, 35 patients were male [56.5%] and 27 were female [43.5%] with mean age of 17.2 months [SD +/- 8.8]. The peak age was between 13-24 months. Among rotavirus positive patients 60% had some dehydration while 40% had severe dehydration as compared to 55% and 19% respectively in patients negative for rotavirus [p- value=<0.05]. Average number of loose stools was 10 stools per day [SD + 9.2] in rotavirus positive cases as compared to 8 per day [SD + 8.5] in negative cases [p-value=<0.05]. More than 96% patients with rotavirus presented with vomiting as compared to 62% patients who were negative for rotavirus. Fever was present in more than 93% of the patient with rotavirus disease while only 33% patients were febrile in the rotavirus negative group [p-value=<0.05]. Rotavirus is an important cause of acute watery diarrhea resulting in server diarrhea and vomiting leading to subsequent dehydration. As this study estimated only burden of Group A rotavirus, overall burden of all serotypes is expected to be much more. Saliva Study of some salivary changes in cutaneous psoriatic patients. Soudan, Rania A.; Daoud, Saleh A.; Mashlah, Ammar M. E-mail:sdrrania@yahoo.com Damascus University - Faculty of Dental Medical - Oral Medicine Department Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 386-389 (20 ref.) Keywords: Psoriasis-pathology; Skin Diseases; Severity of Illness Index Abstract: To assess any alteration in the levels of some salivary components, and to correlate the same with the severity of the disease. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected and analyzed in 20 randomly selected Syrian uncomplicated psoriatic patients presenting to the Dermatological Diseases Hospital, Damascus University, Syria between February and June 2010, and in 20 healthy matched controls. Sodium [Na+], potassium [K+], chloride [C1-], and alpha amylase [sAA] was analyzed. The salivary flow rates [SFR] and pH was also studied. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index was used to assess the severity of the disease. Student t-test and correlation coefficients [r] were used to compare differences between groups. The SFR and pH were normal in both groups. Psoriatics had significantly higher K+ and sAA concentrations [K+ mean = 21.38 mmol/L, sAA mean = 64.26 IU/ml] than the controls [K+ mean = 17.69 mmol/ L, sAA mean = 43.14 IU/m], whereas there was no significant rise in the other salivary ions studied. Neither the severity nor the duration of the disease showed correlation to the according variables. No differences were observed between the age and the gender for each of the studied variables. Psoriasis patients have higher concentration rates of salivary potassium ions and sAA compared with the controls. However, these salivary changes are not related to the severity or the duration of this dermatological disease. Further studies are required to support these results. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   64 Scabies veterinary Mange mites causing scabies in Egyptian buffaloes at Giza Governorate, Egypt. Yassin, Mohammad K. E-mail:Koriem@live.com Al Azhar University - Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 55-64 (30 ref.) Keywords: Mite Infestations-complications; Buffaloes-parasitology Abstract: In the present study, 560 buffaloes from a private animal farm in Giza Governorate were examined over one year for scabies infestation. The results showed that 466 Buffaloes [83.2%] were infested with two mange mites; Psoroptes natalensis and Sarcoptes scabiei. The highest prevalence rate of infestation was during winter [90.4%], and lowest was in summer [71.4%]. The infestation on females was 90.4%, while on males was 80.8%. The mites were predominant on the withers, lumber, back, croup and the external angle of ilium. Buffaloes more than five years old were highly infested than smaller ones, but no mite's infestation were detected in those less than one year. Schistosoma mansoni drug effects Effect of Ficus sycomorus and Azadirachta indica extracts on liver state of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. El Sayed, Mortada M.; Abdel Hadi, Ahmed M.; Sabra, Abdel Nasser A.; Mahmoud, Maher A.; El Wakil, Eman A.; Ghareeb, Mosad A. Theodor Bilharz Research Institute - Department of Medicinal Chemistry Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 77-88 (38 ref.) Keywords: Ficus; Azadirachta; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Liver Function Tests-methods; Mice Abstract: The potential role of hepatoprotective and antipathological effect of Ficus sycomorus and Azadirachta indica extracts was evaluated for scavenging the reactive oxygen species [ROS] and reduced the oxidative damage and pathological changes in the liver of S. mansoni infected mice. The levels of alanine aminotransferase [ALT], asparate aminotransferase [AST] and gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT] were evaluated in the infected mice and treated orally with each plant extract 12 weeks post infection [P.I.] in a dose of 500 mg/kg of each plant extract for five consecutive days and sacrificed two weeks P.I. The infection of mice showed an elevation of ALT, AST and GGT. Treatment of mice with 70% methanol extract of each plant extract reduced significantly ALT, AST and GGT elevation. The highest reduction was with the methanolic extract of F. sycomorus [42%, 35% and 44% for ALT, AST and GGT respectively]. Fractionation of the methanolic extract of each plant was carried out. The effect of ethyl acetate and butanolic fractions of each plant was also evaluated. The result showed that the two fractions lowered the levels of the tested enzymes and decreased the number and size of granuloma diameters with an increased in the percentage of degenerated ova. Schizophrenia drug therapy Effects of Olanazapine and haloperidol on serum malondialdehyde, prolactin level, blood glucose and lipid profilein schizophrenic patients. Dizaye, Kawa; Hassan, Muhammad A.; Ali, Sirwan K. Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine - Department of Pharmacology Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 13-21 (31 ref.) Keywords: Benzodiazepines-therapeutic use; Malondialdehyde-blood; Haloperidol-therapeutic use; Diabetes Mellitus-chemically induced; Antipsychotic Agents-therapeutic use; Random Allocation; Prospective Studies; Dyslipidemias-etiology; Lipid Peroxidation-drug effects; Hyperprolactinemia-etiology Abstract: The association of the atypical antipsychotics with hyperglycemia, elevated lipids, and weight gain was recognized soon after the introduction of clozapine and has become of increased concern as the use and uses of atypical antipsychotics have been expanded. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidamia, lipid peroxidation and hyperprolactinemia in Olanzepine treated patients in comparison with patients treated with haloperidol. Fifty patients were selected randomly from psychiatric inpatient clinic in Erbil city in IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   65 Iraqi Kurdistan Region between November 2007 and June 2008. All patients were diagnosed as schizophrenia, and none of them were in acute severe state. Thirty Schizophrenic patients received Haloperidol orally as typical antipsychotic and 20 patients received Olanazapine orally as atypical antipsychotic for a minimum of one month. Fasting blood samples for the assessment of serum malondialdehyde [MDA], lipid profile, fasting blood glucose [FBG] and prolactin levels were obtained after one month of the drug prescribing time. From those fifty patients, 16 patients were selected to follow them prospectively over a mean period of time of 112 days for olanzapine and 75 days for haloperidol. The prospective study includes FBG, lipid profile, BMI and serum MDA. The prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia and lipid peroxidation was higher in Haloperidol treated patients. Whereas, the prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidaemia were higher in Olanazapine treated patients, the mean level of BMI of the Olanazapine group was significantly higher than BMI of the Haloperidol group. There was 6.66% prevalence of D< in Olanazapine treated patients, but there was no prevalence of DM in Haloperidol treated patients. There was no incidence of diabetes mellitus in the prospective study for both Haloperidol and Olanazapine treated patients. No absolute evidence indicates that the atypical antipsychotic Olanazapine is the cause of diabetes, since the glucose levels of all patients were within normal range and there was no incidence of diabetes in the prospective study in spite of their higher weight and body mass index. School Health Services School health services in Rawalpindi cantonment. Kamal, Khawar; Khan, Ahmed; Ashraf, Tariq E-mail:khawarkamal2003@yahoo.com Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 127-130 (14 ref.) Keywords: Private Sector; Students; Schools; Public Sector Abstract: To study the existing infrastructure provided for public as well as private school health services in Rawalpindi cantonment. A descriptive study. The study was carried out in Rawalpindi cantonment from Aug 2008 to Feb 2009. The study was carried out in two different categories of schools comprising public and private schools. The results of the study did not depict an encouraging picture and 100% of schools, whether public or private, had no medical officer / school nurse employed. School health system assessment and a comparison of public and private sector schools showed that no organized services are available for the students and most of the schools lacked fully available services of a medical officer and the concept of annual or periodic examination required still more concrete efforts. Sexual Behavior [Study of sexual function and satisfaction in women with vaginal delivery and cesarean referring to health center of Shahid Beheshti medical university-2008]. Ozgoli, Giti; Dolatian, Mahrokh; Sheykhan, Zohreh; Valaei, Naser E-mail:gozgoli@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery - Department of Midwifery Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 257-263 (28 ref.) Keywords: Personal Satisfaction; Pregnancy; Cesarean Section; Delivery, Obstetric-methods; Cross-Sectional Studies; Natural Childbirth; Questionnaires Abstract: Different factors affect sexual function and satisfaction. Some studies showed no relationship between type of delivery and sexual function and satisfaction, but others showed association of vaginal or cesarean delivery with sexual function and satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the sexual function and satisfaction in women with vaginal delivery and cesarean referring to Health Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2008. In this cross-sectioned study, 180 women [90 vaginal deliveries and 90 cesarean deliveries] were selected with multiple sampling. Data collection was performed by questionnaires including socio-demographic characteristics, history of obstetric and sexual function and sexual satisfaction. The questionnaire was completed by interview in private place. Data were analyzed via descriptive and chi square test using SPSS software. There was no signification difference in sexual function including desire, arousal, orgasm and resolution, and sexual satisfaction after delivery between two groups. We did not find significant difference between women with vaginal delivery and women with cesarean delivery. Therefore it seems that various physical and mental factors affect sexual function. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   66 Sinusitis complications Bone erosions associated with allergic fungal sinusitis. Al Swiahb, Jamil N.; Al Dousary, Surayie H. E-mail:fawaz8026@yahoo.com King Abdulaziz University Hospital - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 417-419 (5 ref.) Keywords: Bone Diseases, Infectious-epidemiology; Mycoses-complications; Paranasal Sinuses-pathology Siphonaptera growth and development The current status of fleas according to environmental changes in some Governorates in Egypt. Mikhail, Micheal W.; Soliman, Mohamed I.; Morsy, Tosson A. Ministry of Health - Research Institute of Medical Entomology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 199-213 (47 ref.) Keywords: Environment; Rats-parasitology; Rodentia-parasitology Abstract: A preliminary survey of domestic rodent and their fleas was carried out in different environmental Governorates [Ismailia, Dakahlia, El Fayoum, North Sinai and Matrouh], Egypt. Flea index [number of flea/rodent] and percentage frequency of different flea species were recorded in spring [2009-2010]. The main rodent species found were the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus, the grey-bellied rat, Rattus rattus alexandrinus, the white-bellied rat, Rattus rattus frugivorus, the house mouse, Mus musculus and the spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus. The common flea species attacking rodents were: the oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, the mouse flea, Leptopsylla segnis, the dog flea, Ctenocephalides canis and the sticktight flea Echidnophaga gallinacea. The flea index at Ismailia and Matrouh Governorates showed the highest indices [8.93 and 7.68], while El Fayoum and North Sinai Governorates showed the lowest ones [1.09 and 1.68]. Dakhalia showed moderate flea index [4.52]. The highest number of fleas was recorded on R. norvegicus lives in places that are easy to dig buarrows, which are suitable medium for fleas breeding. The lowest number was recorded on Mus musculus and Acomys cahirinus. The oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis was the highest frequency distribution for all domestic rodent species, while, the stick-tight flea, Echidnophaga gallinacea was the lowest which recorded at Ismailia and Dakahlia only. Skin Diseases epidemiology Prevalence of skin diseases among primary school children in Erbil city. Ali, Khalis Bilal M.; Surchi, Omer Qadir; Al Hadithi, Tariq S. Hawler Medical University - College of Nursing Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 5-12 (42 ref.) Keywords: Schools; Child; Demography; Questionnaires; Sex Factors; Health Education Abstract: Skin diseases constitute serious public health problems through the world, especially in children. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in primary school children in Erbil city, and its relation to various socio-demographic factors. A total of 6915 pupils aged 6-15 years were randomly selected from 32 primary schools using multistage random sampling technique. Data regarding general socio-demographic variables were collected from each student in a specially designed questionnaire. Children were clinically examined and the dermatological findings were recorded. The overall prevalence of skin diseases was 40.6%, Infectious dermatoses have the highest prevalence rate [15.27%], followed by eczematous skin diseases [13.13%]. The overall prevalence of skin diseases and infectious dermatoses were significantly higher among females, younger age groups and those of low socioeconomic status, while eczematous skin diseases were significantly higher among males. Skin conditions are common among school children, which may reflect prevailing low socio-economic conditions. Relevant health education programs and preventive measures should be implemented. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   67 Smoking adverse effects The possible protective role of antioxidants [selenium, vitamin e] in reducing smoking effects on testes of albino rats. Hanadi, Binsawad A.; Kelany, Abdul Hakeem M.; El Qudsi, Fatma M.; Anleen, Hanan A.; El Karium, Salah A. King Abdul-Aziz University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biological Sciences Assiut University Bulletin For Environmental Researches 2011; 14 (1): 61-76 (33 ref.) Keywords: Testis-pathology; Histology; Protective Agents; Selenium-therapeutic use; Vitamin E-therapeutic use; Antioxidants; Treatment Outcome; Rats Abstract: The main objective of the present work was to study the possible role of some antioxidant [Vitamin E "Vit. E" and Selenium 'Se"] in protecting the testicular tissue from degenerative changes evoked by exposure to cigarette smoking. The present work showed that exposure to cigarette smoking resulted in a significant decrease in body weight of animals where a significant increase of body weight was observed in animals supplemented with antioxidants while exposed to cigarette smoking. Animals given antioxidants alone did not show any differences in body weight compared to control groups. Histological changes of testicular tissue of the group exposed to the smoke showed thickening of testicular capsule, widening of intertubular spaces with a decrease in interstitial tissue elements, vascular congestion, odema and thickened basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. Some of the seminiferous tubules showed distorted germinal epithellal cell layers, vacuolation and abnormal spermatids with ring shaped arrangement of peripheral chromatin. Giant multinucleated cells were also observed in some tubules. In some specimens there was an increase in the amount of degenerated tubules. Concerning the histochemical changes, the basal lamina, spermtides, Sertoli cells and interstitial tissue gave a very strong reaction with Schiff's reagent but spermatogonia given a weak reaction. The present results showed that giving Vit. E and Se as antioxidant substances to cigarette smoking exposed animals, resulted in a decrease. In the above histological and histochemical changes; the affected testicular tissues seemed to be more or less similar to controls. In conclusion, the present study showed that although using of certain antioxidants cannot completely prevent the drastic effects of cigarette smoking on living tissue, it prevented to some extent the degenerative changes observed In testicular tissues. Specimen Handling Submitting specimens for histopathology - sharing the observations. Jamal, Brig Shahid PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 1-2 (8 ref.) Keywords: Biopsy-methods; Azure Stains; Coloring Agents; Pathology Spondylitis, Ankylosing genetics HLA-B27 and its subtypes in Syrian patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Harfouch, Elham Ibrahim; Al Cheikh, Salwa A. E-mail:d-i-ibrahim@mail.sy Damascus University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Laboratory Saudi Medical Journal 2011; 32 (4): 364-368 (31 ref.) Keywords: HLA-B Antigens; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Referral and Consultation; Polymorphism, Genetic; Spondylitis, Ankylosing-diagnosis; Alleles; Population Abstract: To assess HLA-B*27 and its subtypes associated with ankylosing spondylitis [AS] in Syrian patients. A polymerase chain reaction with specific sequence primer method was used to study the HLA-B* locus polymorphism in 50 Syrian patients fulfilling the modified New York criteria for classification of ankylosing spondylitis and 217 unrelated healthy Syrian controls. Patients were recruited from the Outpatients Department, Alassad University Hospital, Damascus, Syria between December 2006 and December 2007. The study took place at the Laboratory for Research and Genetic Consultations, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus Syria. HLA-B*27 allele was found in 1.4% healthy Syrians and 60% in patients with AS [OR=107, p=0.0001, corrected p=0.003]. The most common HLA- B*2705 variants in patients were B*2705, which was found in 67% of patients, followed by B*2702 found in 20% of patients. HLA-B*27 was identified in all cases with uveitis, peripheral arthritis, and positive family history. Although HLA-B*27 allele frequency in this group of Syrian patients with AS is lower compared to the noted AS patients in many populations, its association with the disease risk in our population seems to be the strongest one. If confirmed by larger study, this finding may be of great interest, particularly for diagnosis at disease onset where some clinical features as uveitis and peripheral arthritis may precede the fulfilling of all standard criteria for AS diagnosis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   68 Stomach Neoplasms enzymology [Study of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in Sprague Dawley rat gastric cancer induced by H. pylori]. Aeini, F.; Rezaei, M.J.; Zadeh, R. Ramezan; Pooladi, A.; Nik'khu, B. Islamic Azad University - Zanjan Branch Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 3-9 (25 ref.) Keywords: Stomach Neoplasms-chemically induced; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Helicobacter pylori-pathogenicity; Stomach Neoplasms-epidemiology; Cyclooxygenase 2; Gastritis; Peptic Ulcer Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors; the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are on the increase nowadays. Helicobacter pylori [H.Pylori] causes chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Cycloocygenase-2 [COX-2] is the central enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to prostaglandins. Studies from different laboratories suggested that over-expression of COX-2 was detected in colon and other tumors. To obtain direct evidence concerning this relationship, we investigated the immunohistochemical findings of gastric mucosa using an animal model of gastric cancer induced by H. pylori in sprague dawley rat. The rats were randomly assigned into three groups [n=5]. Those of experimental group2 were given MNU. One week after completion of MNU administration, rats in experimental groups 1 were inoculated with H. pylori three times every other day. Rats in control group [group 3] received neither MNU nor H. pylori. Rats of groups 1, 2, and control group were maintained on standard diets throughout the experiment. Rats were weighed and sacrificed under anesthesia with ether at 20 weeks after infection. One half of the excised stomachs, were fixed in neutral-buffered 10% formalin and were cut into approximately six strips, which were processed by standard methods, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 6 micro m, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin [H and E] and immunohistochemistry for Cox-2 protein detection. To confirm H. pylori infection, samples [ 3-mm[2] ] of stomach mucosa transferred to appropriate medium and colonies were identified by characteristic Gram's stain morphology, and by urease, catalase, and oxidase activity sample was also placed into the gel of a rapid urease test kit. Data showed a significant decrease of animal body weight in experimental groups compared with control group. Histopathological studies showed severe infiltration of the lamina propria and submucusaal layer by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells appeared in the antrum, with an increase in epithelial cell proliferation, and the infiltration of focal oesophageal. Control animals showed no abnormal findings throughout the entire observation period. COX-2 protein was expressed in experimental groups but there were no evidence of cox-2 protein expression in control group. Data showed that the H. pylori caused significant decrease of body weight in experimental group. In addition, histological studies showed evidence of metaplasia in rat stomach. Immunohistochemichas studies showed cox-2 protein expression occurred during early stage of metaplasia induction. Stroke rehabilitation [Comparison of mobilizing and immobilizing splints on hand motor function in stroke patients: a randomize clinical trial]. Heydari, M.; Eqlidi, J.; Abutalebi, S.H.; Hosseini, A.; Fard, H. Rahimi; Fard, R. Emadi; Safdari, F. E-mail:mheidari1364@gmail.com Qom University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Health Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2011; 4 (4): 48-53 (34 ref.) Keywords: Splints; Hand; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Wrist; Fingers Abstract: Among several methods for the treatment of wrist-fingers motor function impairment after stroke, splinting is a method commonly used as complementary option. But there are so many controversies surrounding its efficacy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of mobilizing and immobilizing splints on wrist-fingers motor function after stroke.In this experimental study, 31 stroke patients were selected and divided randomly into three groups including: mobilizing splint, immobilizing splint and control group. Participants in intervention groups wore their own splints for eight weeks, five days per week and on average six hours per day. Motor function was measured at baseline and the eighth week by fugl-meyer [FM] scale. The one-way ANOVA was used to compare scores of FM scale between three groups. Data analysis showed significant increase in motor function only in mobilizing splint group [p=0/001] and this increase was significant compared with other groups [p=0/001]. Based on these findings, using a mobilizing splint compared with immobilizing splint could have better functional results for treating wrist and finger motor impairment in post-stroke patients. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   69 Students psychology [Correlation between psychological well-being and sense of coherence in the students of Islamic Azad University-Central Tehran branch]. Yousefi, Ali Reza Agha; Sharif, Nasim Payam-e-Noor University Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 273-279 (31 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Stress, Psychological; Psychology Abstract: Sense of coherence is a personal orientation to life that evaluates stress control and psychological well- being is mental component of quality of life. Although sense of coherence and psychological well-being can be a suitable framework for compromise researchers have not experimentally examined them yet. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine correlation between psychological well-being and sense of coherence in the students of Islamic Azad University -Central Tehran Branch. 400 university students [200 girls and 200 boys] participated in this study and completed the psychological well-being index and sense of coherence questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using indicators and statistical methods including mean, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis. The results showed that 70% of total variance in sense of coherence is represented by psychological well-being [R2=%70]. Forecast coefficient regression shows that the psychological well-being can significantly interpret the students' variance of sense of coherence. Coefficient influence of psychological well-being [P=0.842] shows that the variable can predict the changes related to sense of coherence with 99% of confidence .The results also showed that in total, female university students had higher psychological well- being than male university students while, male university students had higher sense of coherence compared to the female students. Research results show the important role that psychological well-being has in the field of sense of coherence. More attention to the psychological well-being that includes happiness and life satisfaction, and is a mental component of quality of life, provides a higher sense of coherence in the university students. Suicide Further evidence for epidemiological transition hypothesis for elderly suicides. Shah, Ajit E-mail:ajit.shah@wlmht.nhs.uk University of Central Lancashire - International School for Communities - Department of Psychiatrics Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 29-34 (33 ref.) Keywords: Aged Abstract: A developmental model of epidemiological transition for elderly suicide rates with four sequential stages has been developed to simultaneously explain cross-national variations in elderly suicide rates, trends over time for elderly suicide rates and age-associated trends in suicides rates reported in the literature. This model was supported by demonstration of a curvilinear [inverted U-shaped curve] relationship between elderly suicide rates and socio- economic status fitting the quadratic equation Y = A + BX - CX2 [where Y is the suicide rate, X is the socio-economic status and A,B, and C are constants] in both sexes. However, this relationship was derived from a cross-sectional study and, therefore, only an association can be inferred. One way to substantiate this further would be to examine the above curvilinear relationship between suicide rates and socio-economic status in a series of younger age-bands because a large part of the epidemiological transition hypothesis was contingent upon the impact of socio-economic status, through a series of mechanisms, on life expectancy. It was hypothesized that the curvilinear [inverted U-shaped curve] relationship between suicide rates and socio-economic status would be absent in younger age-bands and may be present in the younger age-bands closer to the older age-bands [i.e. 45-54 years and 55-64 years]. The curvilinear relationship between suicide rates in five age-bands 15-24 years to 55-64 years in both sexes and gross national domestic product [GDP], a measure of socio-economic status, fitting the above quadratic equation was examined with curve estimation regression model using data from the World Health Organization. In males in the age-bands 35-44 years, 45-54 years and 55-64 years there was a statistically significant curvilinear [inverted U-shaped curve] relationship with GDP and fitted the quadratic equation Y = A + BX - CX2; this relationship was absent in males in the age-bands 15-24 years and 25-34 years. In females in the age-bands 45-54 years and 55-64 years there was a statistically significant curvilinear with GDP [inverted U-shaped curve] and fitted the quadratic equation Y = A + BX - CX2; this relationship was absent in females in the age-bands 15-24 years, 25-34 years and 35-44 years. Although caution should be exercised in accepting the model of the epidemiological transition hypothesis for elderly suicide rates because it had been generated from cross-sectional data using an ecological design, the findings of the current study of suicide rates in younger age-bands provide support for this hypothesis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   70 Suicide, Attempted Attempted suicide and pregnancy. Czeizel, Andrew E. E-mail:czeizel@interware.hu Foundation for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 45-54 (45 ref.) Keywords: Suicide; Pregnancy; Poisoning; Congenital Abnormalities; Pregnant Women; Socioeconomic Factors Abstract: The aim of the Budapest Monitoring System of Self-Poisoning Pregnant Women was to evaluate the potential congenital abnormality inducing effect of extremely large doses of drugs among pregnant women who attempted suicide. This system was appropriate to describe the characteristics of these pregnant women as a secondary finding from this model. All self-poisoned patients were cared for at a toxicological inpatient clinic in Budapest, between 1960 and 1993. Of a total of 1,044 pregnant women identified from the three different periods of the project, only 19 [1.8%] died. Women who survived were visited at home to reveal birth outcomes, and their exposed children were examined medically to identify congenital abnormalities and tested to estimate their cognitive- behavioral status. The previous or subsequent children of these pregnant women were used as controls with a similar examination protocol. In general, self-poisoned pregnant women were young [peak age was between 18 and 20 years], 62% had their first pregnancy, 55% were unmarried, they had lower socioeconomic status, 46% were smokers and 22.5% drinkers, but depression/panic disorder occurred only among 17 pregnant women. Suicide attempts with drugs were most frequent in the fourth post-conceptional week and second month of pregnancy. In general they used smaller doses of drugs for suicide than non-pregnant age-matched women. Of 1,044 self-poisoned pregnant women, 926 had known pregnancy outcomes and 411 [44.4%] delivered live-born babies. The self-poisoning model appears to have several benefits [e.g., dose-response estimation of drugs] in comparison with other methods when evaluating teratogenic/fetotoxic effect of drugs. It is suggested that an international monitoring system of self-poisoned pregnant women should be established to provide a larger data base. Surgical Wound Infection prevention and control Editorial commentary: prophylaxis for surgical site infections. Moghadami, M. E-mail:moghadami@sums.ac.ir Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Health Policy Research Center IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 232-233 (8 ref.) Keywords: Antibiotic Prophylaxis-methods; Anti-Bacterial Agents-therapeutic use; Risk Factors; Data Collection; Vancomycin-therapeutic use Tension-Type Headache epidemiology Frequency of headache with stress in adolescent and young adults. Nawaz, Khurram Haq; Khan, Muhammad Naeem; Khan, Muhammad Babar; Wali, Muhammad Waseem; Yousaf, Muhammad Ali; Ahmad, Imran E-mail:khurramhn@yahoo.com Military Hospital - Department of Neurology PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 120-123 (23 ref.) Keywords: Young Adult; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Questionnaires Abstract: Objective of this study was to establish a link between stress as a cause of headache in young adults. Cross sectional study. Department of Neurology Military Hospital [MH] Rawalpindi from September 2009 to March 2010. Thirty young patients, referred for the complaints of headache to the Neurology out patient department, were included in this study. A detailed especially designed, pre tested headache questionnaire was devised which was filled for every patient individually included in the study. Twenty One [70%] of the patients in the study group did have the feeling of stress preceding the headache which sometimes persisted during the episode. Nine [30%] did not report any such feeling of stress before or during the episode. Out of the patients reporting stress 71% [15] were female patients and 29% [6] were males. These key findings suggest that stress and headaches may be related for adolescents and young adults and that this relationship may be reinforced over time. Moreover female patients were far more susceptible to this stressful stimulus as compared to the males. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   71 Thioctic Acid therapeutic use Anti-oxidative effect of lipoic acid in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion. Shaafi, Sheyda; Afrooz, Mohammad Razm; Hajipour, Babak; Dadashi, Alireza; Hosseinian, Mohammad Mehdi; Khodadadi, Ali Tabriz University of Medical Sciences - Neuroscience Research Center Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 19-22 (28 ref.) Keywords: Antioxidants; Spinal Cord Ischemia; Oxidative Stress; Free Radicals; Free Radical Scavengers; Rats, Wistar; Random Allocation Abstract: Lipoic acid [LA] is an effective anti-oxidant agent that can scavenge free radicals in biological systems. The aim of this research was to study the probable protective effect of LA in spinal ischemic/reperfusion [I/R] injury. Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 230-285 g, were assigned randomly into 3 groups [10 animals in each group]: sham spinal I/R, and spinal I/R + LA. The spinal I/R + LA rats received LA 100 mg/kg subcutaneously 3 days prior to ischemia induction and 3 days after. The induction of ischemia lasted for 30 min. At 72 h postoperatively, the neurological status was worse in the I/R group than the sham group [p < 0.05]. The neurological status of animals in the LA-treated group appeared better than the I/R group [p < 0.05]. In the I/R group, tissue glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and super oxide dismutase [SOD] activity were significantly less compared to the control group [p < 0.05]. In the LA-treated group, tissue GPx and SOD levels were higher compared to the I/R group [p < 0.05]. LA pretreatment reduced neurologic injury in the rats, most probably by maintaining the oxidant/anti-oxidant ion balance during spinal cord ischemia. Reperfusion may have contributed to the protective effects seen in the LA pretreatment. Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery [VATS] lung biopsy for non-responsive patients of interstitial lung disease [ILD]. Hanif, Muhammad Shoaib; Umair, Bilal; Majeed, Farhan Ahmed; Abdul Haleem; Hasnain, Muhammad Rashid; Najam ud Din; Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz; Subhan, Shehzadi Samar; Muzaffar, Muhammad Sultan Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 117-119 (10 ref.) Keywords: Lung Diseases, Interstitial-surgery; Bronchoalveolar Lavage; Treatment Outcome; Thoracoscopy; Biopsy-methods; Irrigation Abstract: To study the results of VATS [Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery] Lung Biopsy in Interstitial Lung Disease [ILD] case series. Department of Thoracic Surgery, CMH Rawalpindi from Jan 2009 to Mar 2010. All those patients of ILD [Interstitial Lung Disease] were included who failed to improve after a period of observation including those on empiric therapy, all patients in which BAL [Bronchoalveolar Lavage] and TBLB [Transbronchial Lung biopsy] was inconclusive and all those patients fit to undergo thoracoscopic surgery. Patients excluded were elderly patients, those with systemic disorders frequently associated with ILD and those with known neoplasm likely to have lymphangitic dissemination. We used three thoracoscopic ports, all biopsies were sent for histopathology examination, single chest tube was placed in all cases and it was removed once the airleak ceased. All complications encountered were noted. Fourteen patients were registered during study period. Biopsy showed that 9 had ILD, and 5 did not have ILD. Only complication was a prolonged airleak for 2 days in 2 patients. No mortality was encountered. Thoracoscopic surgical biopsy can be accomplished safely in most cases where there is a diagnostic dilema for interstitial lung disease. Thyroid Gland surgery Evaluation of the importance of pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland anatomically in the surgical fields in Erbil. Alanjjar, Suhail Mawlood Hawler Medical University - Department of Anatomy Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 48-54 (14 ref.) Keywords: Thyroid Gland-anatomy and histology; Thyroidectomy-methods; Sex Distribution; Thyroid Gland- embryology Abstract: Dealing with the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland was not principally and cautiously under run in the surgery of the thyroid gland as the other two lateral lobes formerly, For this reason, the present work planned to study IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   72 the anatomy and histopathology of the pyramidal lobe and to evaluate the degree their significance in surgical fields. The study included patients' preparation for operation, recording age, gender distributions, and measurement of pyramidal lobe moreover to view of directions. Blood supply and histopathology of the pyramidal lobe investigated during thyroid operations of 113 patients in Rizgary teaching hospital in Erbil. Goiter patient's sex distributions were as the following; 94 [83%] female and 19 [17%] male. PL frequency was 61/113 case [74%]; 50 [82%] females and 11 [18%] males. Pyramidal lobe directions were 21 directed right, in 40 cases to left. Arterial supplies of 34 cases were from a branch of the superior thyroid artery, in 27 cases were from isthmus. Venous drainage was joining venous plexus of the thyroid isthmus. Age distribution; females were commonly affected at [25 to 45y]. Males were [28-62y]. Pyramidal lobe mean length was [3.2 +/- 1.8 cm] and the width [1.6 +/- 0.7 cm]. Histopathologically, pyramidal lobe involved by principal thyroid lobes pathologies in 43 [71%] of the patients. This study alert us that the pyramidal lobe must be managed as a principal lobe during operations, because it may be a source of pitfall during the operation or it may be a future source of mucinous carcinoma of thyroid. Thyrotoxicosis diagnosis [Diagnosis and treatment of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy and Lactation]. Azizi, Fereidon; Amouzegar, Atieh; Delshad, Hosein E-mail:azizi@endocrine.ac.ir Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 2011; 15 (6): 234-241 (62 ref.) Keywords: Thyrotoxicosis-drug therapy; Pregnancy; Lactation; Pregnancy Outcome; Hyperthyroidism-diagnosis; Hyperthyroidism-drug therapy; Antithyroid Agents Abstract: Poorly treated or untreated maternal overt hyperthyroidism may affect pregnancy outcome. Thyroid dysfunction and hyperthyroidism is present in about 0.3% and 2-3% of pregnancies respectively. Thyroid hyperfunction and hypofunction are more prevalent and usually go unrecognized. If thyroid dysfunction remained undiagnosed and has not been treated appropriately, would result in serious adverse pregnancy outcomes and treat both mother and her fetus. The aim of this review is to mention many aspects of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy and lactation in depth. Literature review was performed using MEDLINE between years 1960 and 2010, with the terms [Hyperthyroidism and pregnancy], [Anti-thyroid drug and pregnancy], [Radioiodine and pregnancy], [Hyperthyroidism and lactation], [Anti- thyroid drug and lactation ], both separately and in conjunction with the terms [fetus], [neonate] and [maternal]. We selected proper study design of survey, case control and cohort studies, and clinical trials and review papers if the authors had at least four articles of their own in the list of references of review paper. The strategy used to search for articles was developed with the assistance of a research librarian. Antithyroid drugs are the main therapy of maternal hyperthyroidism during the lactation. All forms of antithyroid drugs can be used in pregnancy. As there are some reports regarding teratogenicity of methimazole [MMI], Propylthiouracil [PTU] is preferred in the first trimester and should be replaced by MMI after this trimester. Radioiodine is absolutely contraindicated for treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Subtotal thyroidectomy in second trimester is indicated if hyperthyroidism is uncontrolled. MMI is the mainstay of the treatment of postpartum hyperthyroidism, in particular during lactation. Management of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy requires special considerations because maternal thyroid disease could have adverse effects on the mother, fetus and neonate. Toxoplasmosis immunology T-cell immunity in human chronic toxoplasmosis. El Kady, Ibrahim M. Minufiya University - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute - Department of Molecular Biology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 17-28 (51 ref.) Keywords: Immunoty, Cellular-immunology; Interleukin-4-blood; Interleukin-10-blood; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha- blood; Interferon gamma-blood; Chronic Disease Abstract: Toxoplasmosis is a disease affecting 500 million people worldwide. The seroprevalence varies [from 5% to 90%], depending on geographical location, age, habit of eating raw meat or unwashed fruit and vegetables, and general level of hygiene. The incidence of infections is higher in warmer and humid climate and increases with age. The disease can be congenital or acquired. Cell response [TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma secreted by Th1 cells] and humoral response [IL-4, and IL-10 secreted by Th2 cells] were evaluated. This study assessed the effect of T. gondii on chosen indices of the immune response. The study involved 45 women infected with T. gondii [aged 18-42 years] proven have a chronic toxoplasmosis [IgG positive and IgM negative]. The control group consisted of 25 healthy women [aged 18-45 years] [IgG and IgM negative]. The results showed that patients infected with T. gondii had IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   73 increased production of theTh-1 cytokines involved TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma that responsible for the cellular response compared to controls. Also, increased production of Th2 cytokines involved IL-4 and IL-10 that responsible for humoral response compared to controls. Tranexamic Acid therapeutic use Tranexamic acid-a recipe for saving lives in traumatic bleeding. Roberts, Ian E-mail:ian.roberts@lshtm.ac.uk London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - Clinical Trials Unit EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 638 (6 ref.) Keywords: Hemorrhage-drug therapy; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Hemorrhage-fetal mortality; Treatment Outcome Transplantation, Autologous Autogenous transplantation of mandibular third molar to replace tooth with vertical root fracture. Asgary, Saeed E-mail:saasgary@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshti Medical University - Dental School/ cIranian Center for Endodontic Research, Dental Research Center IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 2009; 4 (3): 117-121 (30 ref.) Keywords: Transplantation; Tooth-sugery; Tooth Root-injuries; Molar, Third-surgery; Tooth Fractures; Dental Cements Abstract: Autogenous tooth transplantation [ATT] can be considered when there is a hopeless molar tooth and suitable donor present. This report presents an unconventional case of successful ATT of a third molar replacing the adjacent fractured second molar in a 33 year old woman. This wisdom tooth had completely developed roots. Root-end filling with Calcium Enriched Mixture [CEM] cement was performed in the third molar. The second molar was extracted non-traumatically without any bone removal; the wisdom tooth was immediately transplanted into the recipient socket. No endodontic treatment was carried out either during or after the ATT. At six-month and 2-year clinical examination the patient was asymptomatic, the transplanted tooth was still functional, with no evidence of marginal periodontal pathosis. At the same follow ups, radiographic evaluation illustrated bone regeneration, normal PDL, and absence of external root resorption. Transplantation of mature third molar seems to be a promising method for replacing a lost permanent molar tooth and restoring aesthetics and function. Trematoda parasitology Echinochasmus aspinuosa as a new record species in Egyptian heron. Yassin, Mohammad K.; El Attar, Nagy M.; Samn, Alla A.M. Al Azhar University - Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 215-220 (15 ref.) Keywords: Trematoda-anatomy and histology; Zoonoses Abstract: This paper reported a new Egyptian of Echinochasmus aspinuosa in herons trapped in Giza and Sharkia Governorates. The detailed morphology was given and illustrated. The zoonotic importance of this digenetic trematode was discussed. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   74 Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis Detection of Trichomonas vaginalis by different methods in women from Dohok province, Iraq. Al Saeed, W.M. E-mail:wisamalsaeed58@yahoo.com University of Mosul - College of Dentistry - Department of Medical Parasitology EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 706-709 (18 ref.) Keywords: Trichomonas vaginalis-isolation and purification; Age Distribution; Sensitivity and Specificity Abstract: This study compared 4 different diagnostic methods for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal swab specimens from women attending a hospital in Dohuk in Iraq. A total of 425 vaginal swabs were obtained from women complaining of vaginal discharge associated with vaginitis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. The results showed that 10 [2.4%] swabs were positive for T. vaginalis by wet smear preparation, 15 [3.5%] by haematoxylin-eosin stained smear, 17 [4.0%] by Papanicolaou stain and 23 [5.4%] using Diamond modified culture. The rate varied significantly by age and was highest in young women aged 20-25 years [7.6%] and lowest in the age group 36-40 years [2.2%]. The highest rate of infection with T. vaginalis was detected by Diamond modified culture. Trypanosomiasis diagnosis A case of human African trypanosomiasis during United Nation mission in Liberia. Ayub, Muhammad; Shah, S. Aamir; Irfan, Muhammad; Khan, Junaid Afsar; Hashmi, Shuaib N. Combined Military Hospital PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 149-151 (10 ref.) Keywords: United Nations; Motion Sickness; Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense-pathogenicity; Diagnosis, Differential; Military Personnel; Endemic Diseases Tuberculosis immunology Evaluation of an interferon-gamma release assay in young contacts of active tuberculosis cases. Noorbakhsh, S.; Mousavi, J.; Barati, M.; Shamshiri, A.R.; Shekarabi, M.; Tabatabaei, A.; Soleimani, Gh. E-mail:samileh_noorbakhsh@yahoo.com Tehran University of Medical Sciences EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2011; 17 (9): 714-718 (16 ref.) Keywords: Interferon-gamma-blood; Predictive Value of Tests; Questionnaires; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: In a cross-sectional study in a hospital in Tehran in 2006-08 the QuantiFERON[Registered]-TB interferon- gamma release assay [QTB] was compared with the tuberculin skin test [TST] in 59 young people [aged<20 years] with close contact with immunocompetent cases of proven pulmonary tuberculosis. After 1 year follow-up 10 subjects had progressed to tuberculosis disease and received treatment; TST was positive in 30% and QTB in 100%. Of the 49 non-progressive subjects, TST was positive in 10.4% and QTB in 16.3%. The agreement between TST and QTB assay in non-progressive subjects was poor [Kappa=0.43]. False positive and false negative rates for TST were 40.0% and 9.3% respectively; positive and predictive values were 60.0% and 90.7%. We suggest adding the interferon assay to the skin test in the decision to perform chest X-ray or to start chemoprophylaxis at least in younger subjects [aged<20 years]. Tuberculosis, Cutaneous Scrofuloderma: a common type of cutaneous tuberculosis. A case report. Iftikhar, Usma; Nadeem, Muhammad; Aman, Shahbaz; Kazmi, Atif Hasnain E-mail:usma_iftikhar@hotmail.com KEMU/ Mayo Hospital - Department of Dermatology JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 61-65 (15 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   75 Keywords: Review Literature as Topic; Mycobacterium tuberculosis-pathogenicity; Antitubercular Agents Abstract: Scrofuloderma is a common type of cutaneous tuberculosis characterized by a bluish-red nodule overlying an infected lymph gland, bone or joint that breaks down to form an undermined ulcer with a granulating tissue at the base. Progression of the disease leads to irregular adherent masses, densely fibrous at some places while fluctuant and discharging at others. It heals with a characteristic puckered scarring at the site of infection. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and common anti-tuberculous drugs are recommended for treatment. Many similar cases with additional features have been reported in foreign literature. We describe a case of this disorder along with review of literature. Tuberculosis, Lymph Node epidemiology Tuberculous lymphadenitis at Penang general hospital, Malaysia. Khan, Amer Hayat; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed; Muttalif, Abdul Razak; Hassali, Mohamed Azmi; Khan, Tahir Mehmood E-mail:amerhayat@ymail.com Universiti Sains Malaysia - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 80-84 (27 ref.) Keywords: Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Diabetes Mellitus; HIV; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome; Sputum-microbiology; Age Distribution Abstract: To evaluate the incidence, treatment and clinical outcomes of tuberculous [TB] lymphadenitis at Penang General Hospital, Malaysia. Penang General Hospital is the referral center for all tuberculosis patients in the state of Penang. Patient records were reviewed to identify patients with confirmed diagnosis of TB lymphadenitis between January 2006 and December 2008. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. Of 1,548 tuberculosis cases, 109 [7.0%] patients had TB lymphadenitis. The mean age was 36.4 +/- 12.87 years and of the 109 patients with TB lymphadenitis, 35 [33.0%], 37 [34.0%] and 36 [33.0%] were observed for 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Ethnically, 45 [41.3%] were Malay followed by 37 Chinese [33.9%]. Among risk factors for TB lymphadenitis, HIV and diabetes mellitus were seen in 17 [15.6%] and 11 [10.0%] patients, respectively. Cough and fever were the most frequently reported symptoms. In a majority of cases [n = 90, 82.5%] positive results were obtained for fine-needle aspiration [FNA]. Directly observed therapy was given to all patients. Sixty-two [56.9%] patients were successfully treated, and 5 [4.6%] patients died during the treatment. There was no increase in the incidence of TB lymphadenitis over the 3-year study period. The incidence was slightly higher in male than female gender and in Malay [ethnic group]. Diabetes mellitus and HIV were the most commonly reported risk factors. FNA is the most reliable diagnostic test. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha genetics Association between TNF-alpha [-857] gene polymorphism and susceptibility to tuberculosis. Anoosheh, S.; Farnia, P.; Kargar, M. E-mail:saberanoosheh@gmail.com Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 243-248 (39 ref.) Keywords: Polymorphism, Genetic; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary-genetics; Gene Frequency; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Case-Control Studies Abstract: TNF-alpha as a pro-inflammatory cytokine play a key role in host defense against tuberculosis [TB]. Presence of mutation in TNF-alpha gene can influence the effectiveness, performance and capability of immune responses against this infection. The Aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles and its relationship with susceptibility to TB and TNF-alpha gene variations. A case-control study was conducted and 103 healthy controls and 93 TB patients were enrolled. Genotype of TNF-238, TNF -244, TNF-308, TNF -857 and TNF-863 were distinguished using PCR-RFLP method. TNF-857 and TNF-863 were in high frequency mutation regions in a population level, and a significant difference at TNF-857 was noticed between the two groups of case and control. Presence of mutation in TNF-857 region probably increases the host susceptibility to mycobacterial infection. Genotyping of these regions in combination with other factors can be used for screening of high risk persons. According to high distribution of mutations in TNF-857 and TNF-863 regions, further studies on association of these regions is suggested. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   76 Urinary Tract Infections epidemiology Effect of some antimicrobial agents on isolated bacteria from patients with urinary tract infection in Kurdistan Region. Al Barzinji, Rukia; Esmahil, Sazan; Sulaiman, Shukria; Raheem, Shler Gh. Hawler Medical University - College of Medicine - Dept. of Microbiology Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 2010; 14 (2): 61-67 (27 ref.) Keywords: Ciprofloxacin-therapeutic use; Anti-Infective Agents-therapeutic use; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli- pathogenicity; Sex Factors; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-isolation and purification Abstract: Urinary tract infection [UTI] defines as a condition in which the urinary tract is infected with a pathogen causing inflammation. UTI affects all age groups, but women are more susceptible than men, it is the second most common form of infection. This study was designed to isolation and identification of common uropathogenic bacteria and determining the sensitivity of infectious urinary isolated strains to different antimicrobial agents. This study included 350 patients [125 males and 225 females] with sign and symptoms of UTI, who were referred to the teaching hospital in Erbil and sulaimania cities, from march till may 2007. Also, 25 healthy individuals were included in the study as a control group. API tests and several biochemical tests were used for identification different isolated bacteria from UT. The bacterial cultivations revealed positive results for 119 [34%] urine specimens, 56 [47.05 %] in males and 63 [52.94 %] in females compared to control group [0%]. The highest percentage of infection was observed in females in age group [20-39] years [44.44%]. The highest rate of uropathogenic isolates was e. Coli 53 [41.08%] followed by s. Aureus, proteus sp., klebsiella sp., enterobacter sp., and pseudomonas sp. 23[17.82%], 23[17.82%], 11[8.52], 10[7.75] and 9[6.97] respectively. The uropathogenic bacterial isolates showed different susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, ciprofloxacine was the most efficient to inhibit UTI. Incidence of UTIs in females is more than in males with a higher rate in the 20-39 years age group. E. Coli was the commonest pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tract. Urticaria therapy Therapeutic evaluation of a Unani herbo-mineral formulation in chronic urticaria. Lone, Azad Hussain; Ahmad, Tanzeel; Anwar, Mohmmad; Ahmad, Javed E-mail:drazadnium@rediffmail.com National Institute of Unani Medicine - Department of Medicine JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 33-37 (28 ref.) Keywords: Medicine, Unani; Complementary Therapies; Herbal Medicine; Skin Diseases-therapy; Single-Blind Method; Chronic Disease; Signs and Symptoms; Treatment Outcome Abstract: Chronic urticaria [Shara] often poses a therapeutic challenge. Alternative medicine, including herbal treatment is gaining popularity for the treatment of refractory skin diseases. To assess the safety and efficacy of a Unani herbo-mineral formulation in the management of chronic urticaria. The randomized, single-blind, placebo- controlled study was carried out at outpatient department of Medicine, National Institute of Unani Medicine Hospital, Bangalore, from 15th April, 2009 to 15th April, 2010. Diagnosed patients of chronic urticaria, qualifying the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in the clinical trial. The patients were divided randomly into test and control groups after obtaining their informed consents. Test group [20 patients] was administered a herbo-mineral formulation twice daily whereas control group [10 patients] were given placebo orally. The duration of this trial was 4 weeks and follow up was done weekly. The efficacy of the test drug was assessed by the total sign and symptom score [TSSS] and severity of itching, whealing and erythema. The test drug produced significant effect on itching, wheals, erythema and on TSSS without causing any untoward effect or adverse reactions as observed by the safety parameters. The herbo-mineral formulation can be used safely and effectively for the treatment of chronic urticaria. Uterine Neoplasms diagnosis Pedunculated uterine fibroid with hydronephrosis and colonic adhesions. Murtaza, Badar; Ahmad, Mobashir; Afzal, Muhammad; Khan, Naser Ali; Saeed, Saira PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2011; 61 (1): 131-132 (11 ref.) Keywords: Diagnosis, Differential; Hydronephrosis; Ureteral Obstruction IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   77 Varicocele surgery Inguinal optic loupe varicocelectomy. Chamssuddin, Abdou Khair E-mail:dr.chams@net.sy University of Damascus - College of Medicine - Department of Surgery JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 2011; 12 (1): 2-9 (45 ref.) Keywords: Postoperative Complications; Urogenital Surgical Procedures-methods; Inguinal Canal; Treatment Outcome; Testicular Hydrocele; Semen Analysis; Microsurgery-methods Abstract: Microsurgical loupe inguinal varicocelectomy has been associated with relatively high success rates and minimal postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to analyze the results of a group of patients who underwent inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy using optic loupe magnifications. From April 2003 to April 2007, 72 patients underwent loupe-assisted inguinal varicocelectomy. In 68 patients [94.3%][ the varicoceles were left sided, in 1 patient [1.3%] it was right sided and they were bilateral in 3 patients [4.1%]. The mean age was 26.9 years [range: 16.42]. Fifty four patients [75%] were infertile and 18 patients [25%] had painful scrotal sensation, in 6 of them oligoasthenospermia [OAT] was detected. The diagnosis was based on clinical features namely testicular pain and, or scrotal hypersensation and physical examination. Color duplex ultrasonogrphy [ CDUS] was performed in persistent cases. The majority of varicoceles were stage II and III, of them 5 [6.9%] were persistent cases. In 10 patients [13.9] OAT was mild [sperm number 10-20 millions], In 30 patients [41.6%] was moderate [5.10 millions] and in 18 [25%] was severe [less than 5 millions]. Azoospermia was detected in 2 patients [2.7%]. Furthermore, 12 patients [16.6%] had normal spermiogram. The loupe-assisted microsurgical inguinal "artery-and lymphatic-sparing" technique of dissection was performed under general anesthesia. All operations were performed as outpatient procedures [postoperative stay 3.7 hours] and the mean operating time was 45 minutes [30.55]. Follow up was performed by physical examination and semen analysis. Color duplex ultrasonogrpahy [CDUS] was done only if persistence was suspected. Immediate and long-term complications were hydrocele in 1 patient [1.3%], palpable persistence in 4 patients [5.2%] and found abscess in 1 patient [1.3%]. Forty four out of sixty [73.3%] patients showed an improvement of semen analysis and from the 30 patients who continued follow up, 14 [47%] have conception. Finally 6 out of 18 patients [33.3%] who presented with scrotal pain have their pain disappeared. Loupe-assisted inguinal varico-celectomy is a safe and effective method. It preserves spermatic artery and lymphatics and minimizes the risk of complications and persistence. In our experience this technique of varicocelectomy showed an improvement of semen analysis and the results are comparable to those obtained by the standard microsurgical technique using the microscope. Violence Does economic empowerment protect women from intimate partner violence?. Dalal, Koustuv E-mail:koustuv.dalal@liu.se Linkoping University - Centre for Medical Technology assessment - Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Sciences Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 35-44 (32 ref.) Keywords: Domestic Violence; Interpersonal Relations; Spouse Abuse; Women, Working; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: The current study compared working and non-working groups of women in relation to intimate partner violence. The paper aims to explore the relationship between womens economic empowerment, their exposures to IPV and their help seeking behavior using a nationally representative sample in India. This was a cross sectional study of 124,385 ever married women of reproductive age from all 29 member states in India. Chi-square tests were used to examine differences in proportions of dependent variables [exposure to IPV] and independent variables. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the independent contribution of the variables of economic empowerment in predicting exposure to IPV. Out of 124,385 women, 69432 [56%] were eligible for this study. Among those that were eligible 35% were working. In general, prevalence of IPV [ever] among women in India were: emotional violence 14%, less severe physical violence 31%, severe physical violence 10% and sexual violence 8%. For working women, the IPV prevalence was: emotional violence 18%, less severe physical violence 37%, severe physical violence 14% and sexual violence 10%; whilst for non-working women the rate was 12, 27, 8 and 8 percents, respectively. Working women seek more help from different sources. Economic empowerment is not the sole protective factor. Economic empowerment, together with higher education and modified cultural norms against women, may protect women from IPV. Yes we can! improving medical screening for intimate partner violence through self-efficacy. Chapin, John R.; Coleman, Grace; Varner, Erin E-mail:jrc11@psu.edu Pennsylvania State University Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 19-23 (9 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   78 Keywords: Domestic Violence; Interpersonal Relations; Spouse Abuse; Self Efficacy; Emergency Service, Hospital Abstract: Because individual practitioner's commitment to routine screening for IPV is the greatest predictor that women will be screened and referred for services, it is vital that screeners are dedicated, knowledgeable, and confident in their ability to recognize and assist victims of violence. Self-efficacy has been consistently linked in the literature with successful outcomes. Intimate partner violence [IPV] constitutes a major public health problem. In the absence of Federal or State regulation, individual hospitals and systems are left to develop their own policies and procedures. This paper describes the policies and procedures developed by an American domestic violence counseling and resource center. Post test surveys were used. Hospitals, medical offices, and medical schools surrounding an urban area in Pennsylvania participated. 320 nurses and medical students participated in training provided by a domestic violence center. Post test surveys measured self-efficacy, the perceived usefulness of screening the accessibility of victim services, understanding of obstacles faced by victims, and knowledge-level regarding local IPV services. Participants also self-reported their gender, age, race, and position with the hospital system. Nurses and medical interns exhibit a wide range of self-efficacy regarding their ability to screen victims of intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence [IPV] training yielded participants who were better informed about IPV services and the obstacles faced by victims. In the absence of uniform screening guidelines, hospitals, systems, and individual practitioners must be vigilant in screening procedures. Partnerships with womens centers may provide valuable resources and training that may ultimately improve patient care. Vitiligo psychology Effect of vitiligo on self reported quality of life in Southern part of Iran. Zandi, Soodabeh; Farajzadeh, Saeideh; Saberi, Narjes E-mail:szandi@kmu.ac.ir Afzalipour Hospital JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2011; 21 (1): 4-9 (17 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Self Concept; Sickness Impact Profile; Social Environment Abstract: Vitiligo is a chronic pigmentary disorder of the skin. Although not life threatening, it has considerable effects on the psychological well-being of patients. It has been suggested that vitiligo patients suffer from low self- esteem and poor body image which may cause a lower level of quality of life. To evaluate the effect of vitiligo on the self reported quality of life among inhabitants of south part of Iran. One hundred and twenty four patients, above 16 years of age, from dermatology clinics and phototherapy centers were included in the study from 2008 to 2009. A valid translated version of the self-reported Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI] with 10 questions was completed by the subjects. The questionnaire scored the subjects from 0 to 30. Demographic variables such as age, gender, and disease related characteristics were recorded in the data sheet forms. On average, patients were 27.8 +/- 10.9 years old. Around 55% were females. The overall mean DLQI score was 9.09 +/- 6.18. The DLQI mean score was 8.78 and 9.46 in women and men, respectively [p=0.54]. DLQI score did not significantly vary among different types of disease, age and marital status groups. Although the relationship between the duration of disease was not significantly related with DLQI [r=0.03, p=0.74], the percentage of body affected by vitiligo was related with DLQI significantly [r=0.19, p=0.03]. The highest individual mean scores were found for Q2 [feeling], Q8 [interpersonal relationship] and Q5 [social life and leisure activities]. This study indicates that vitiligo can impair a patient's quality of life and have a marked psychological impact. On an average, the quality of life decreased around 70% [score 9 out of 30] in such patients. The only significant predictor for quality score was the percentage of body affected by vitiligo. Surprisingly, both men and women express comparable level of quality of life. Weight Loss Relationship between thyroid volume and iodine, leptin, and adiponectin in obese women before and after weight loss. Eray, Esin; Sari, Funda; Ozdem, Sabahat; Sari, Ramazan Akdeniz University - School of Medicine - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Medical Principles and Practice 2011; 20 (1): 43-46 (25 ref.) Keywords: Obesity-metabolism; Thyroid Gland-physiopathology; Iodine-urine; Leptin-blood; Adiponectin-blood; Body Mass Index; Adipokines; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; Analysis of Variance Abstract: To investigate whether or not reduction of thyroid volume during weight loss is related to adipocytokines and urinary iodine excretion in obese women. 98 obese and 31 non-obese women consecutively admitted to the endocrinology and metabolism outpatient clinic of the School of Medicine, Akdeniz University were included in the study. Thyroid volume, thyroid function tests, leptin and adiponectin levels, and urinary iodine excretion were measured at baseline and six months after treatment for obesity. Thyroid volume increased in obese women [p = 0.048]. After adjustment for body mass index, there were no significant differences in plasma leptin and serum adiponectin levels between obese and non-obese women [p > 0.05]. Thyroid volume correlated positively with body mass index [r = 0.48, p = 0.04], leptin [r = 0.1, p = 0.03], and thyroid-stimulating hormone [r = 0.43, p = 0.001] levels, while there was a IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   79 negative correlation between thyroid volume and urinary iodine [r = -0.38, p = 0.04] and urinary iodine/creatinine ratio [r = -0.25, p = 0.045] in obese women. Changes in body mass index [p = 0.022] and leptin levels [p = 0.039] were the only factors that significantly affected the change of thyroid volume during weight loss. Iodine status may play an important role in increased thyroid volume in obese women; however, iodine status did not seem to exert a significant influence on the changes in thyroid volume. On the other hand, changes in both body mass index and plasma leptin levels seemed to be important for changes in thyroid volume. Wichereria Bancrofti parasitology Clinical, parasitological and social studies on Wuchereria bancrofti in Egypt. Tayel, Samy El Sheikh A.; Sharapy, Alaa El Din M.K.; El Shazly, Atef M.A.; Shahat, Samir A.; Zaalouk, Tarek Kh.; Al Sayed, Mohammed Y.S. Al Azhar University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Parasitology Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 2011; 41 (1): 179-197 (41 ref.) Keywords: Lymphedema-parasitology; Questionnaires Abstract: This study was conducted on patients attending AlHussein University Hospital and Mansura University Hospitals. Sheets were filled out on each patient [age, residence, occupation, family similar condition, travelling, disease duration, symptoms suggesting acute dermatolymphangitis attacks, frequency and duration. They were 25 lymphoedema patients and 8 controls [17 males and 16 females] and subjected to clinical and parasitological examinations. According to residence, five patients were from Giza Governorate [18.18%], four from Dakahlia G. [12.12%], four from Gharbia G. [12.12%], five from Menoufia G. [15.15%], four from Sharkia G. [12.12%], two cases from Kafr Elsheikh G. [6.06%] and one patient from Assiut G. [3.03%]. In controls, 6 were from Al Hussein Cairo G. [15.15%], and two cases [6.06] from Al Abbassia. They were 48% farmers [10 male and 2 female]; 4% grocers [1 male]; 8% carpenters [2 male]; and 40% house wife [10 female]. According to lymphedema site: 3 cases [12%] were bilateral lower limbs lymphedema [2 female and 1 male], 13 cases [52%] had right lower limb lymphedema [6 female and 7 male], and 9 cases [36%] had left lower limb lymphedema [4 female and 5 male]. They were 18 [72%] with below knee extension of lymphedema [10 male and 8 female] and 7 [28%] above knee extension of lymphedema [3 male and 4 female]. Grade of lymphedema was one case [male] with grade II lymphedema [4%], 13 cases [52%] with grade III [7 male and 6 female] and 11 cases [44%] with grade IV [5 male and 6 female]. Duration of lymphedema was one case with grade II lymphedema in a period of 3 years, 13 cases with grade III lymphedema and the durations of lymphedema for these cases were [one case with 5 years duration, 3 cases were>6-9 years, 6 cases were>9-12 years and 3 cases were>12 years] and 11 cases with grade IV lymphedema and duration of lymphedema for these cases were [one case with 6 years duration, 2 cases were>6-9 years, 3 cases were>9-12 years and 5 cases were>12 years]. Wounds and Injuries Unintentional childhood injury patterns, odds, and outcomes in Kampala city: an analysis of surveillance data from the national pediatric emergency unit. Mutto, Milton; Lawoko, Stephen; Nansam, Catherine; Ovuga, Emilio; Svanstrom, Leif E-mail:mmutto@pincergroup.org Karolinska Institutet - Department of Public Health Sciences Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2011; 3 (1): 13-18 (20 ref.) Keywords: Child; Emergency Service, Hospital Abstract: Unintentional Childhood Injuries pose a major public health challenge in Africa and Uganda. Previous estimates of the problem may have underestimated the childhood problem. We set to determine unintentional childhood injury pattern, odds, and outcomes at the National Paediatric Emergency unit in Kampala city using surveillance data. Incident proportions, odds and proportional rates were calculated and used to determine unintentional injury patterns across childhood [1-12 years]. A total of 556 cases recorded between January and May 2008 were analyzed: majority had been transported to hospital by mothers using mini-buses, private cars, and motorcycles. Median distance from injury location to hospital was 5 km. Homes, roads, and schools were leading injury locations. Males constituted 60% of the cases. Play and daily living activities were commonest injury time activities. Falls, burns and traffic accounted for 70.5% of unintentional childhood injuries. Burns, open wounds, fractures were commonest injury types. Motorcycles, buses and passenger-cars caused most crashes. Play grounds, furniture, stairs and trees were commonest source of falls. Most burn injuries were caused by liquids, fires and hot objects. 43.8% of cases were admitted. 30% were discharged without disability; 10%, were disabled; 1%, died. Injury odds and proportional incidence rates varied with age, place and cause. Poisoning and drowning were rare. Local pediatric injury priorities should include home, road and school safety. Unintentional injuries are common causes of hospital visit by children under 13 years especially boys. Homes, roads and educational facilities are commonest unintentional injury sites. Significant age and gender differences exist in intentional injury causation, characteristics and outcomes. In its current form, our surveillance system seems inefficient in capturing poisoning and drowning. The local prevention priorities could include home, road and school safety; especially dissemination and uptake of proven interventions. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index   80 Burns should be focus of domestic injury prevention among under-fives. Commercial passenger motorcycles require better regulation and control. Zinc blood Assessment of zinc concentration in random samples of the adult population in Shiraz, Iran. Dabbaghmanesh, M.H.; Boshrooyeh, H. Taheri; Kalantarhormozi, M.R.; Omrani, Gh.H. Ranjbar Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Nemazee Hospital - Department of Internal Medicine IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2011; 13 (4): 249-255 (40 ref.) Keywords: Zinc-deficiency; Prevalence; Sex Factors; Adult; Random Allocation Abstract: Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health. However, little is known about concentration of this mineral among Iranian population. This study was carried out to determine the current zinc status, evaluate the impact of certain factors like age, sex and Body Mass Index [BMI], and to verify the prevalence of zinc deficiency among Iranian adult population in Shiraz, southern Iran. Serum samples from 374 randomly selected healthy individuals living in Shiraz, Iran, aged 19-82 years [143 males, 231 females] were collected and the serum zinc concentration was measured by Flame-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. We considered the subjects with serum zinc concentration less than 100 microg/dl as zinc deficient. The serum zinc levels in females were lower than those of males with no statistically significant difference. Serum zinc concentrations were unrelated to age and BMI. It also did not change among different ages and BMI intervals. About 42.5% of our cases had serum zinc concentration below the cut off value of 100 microg/dl in the serum. Designing appropriate strategies for overcoming this public health problem is necessary.      Appendix I Author Index

IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   83 Abbas, Assad DENTAL ARCH (anatomy and histology) Abbas, Fatemeh Mashadi ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS (toxicity) Abbas, Muhammad ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) HERPES ZOSTER (epidemiology) Abbasi, H. MIGRAINE DISORDERS (pathology) Abbasi, Shahid Ahmad MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Abbasipour, Fatemeh PAIN (drug therapy) Abdallah, Emad RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Abdallah, Karim Fetouh ENTAMOEBIASIS (diagnosis) Abdel Barry, J.A. LIPOPROTEINS (drug effects) Abdel Ghany, Nazek I. CHILD WELFARE Abdel Hadi, Ahmed M. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) Abdel Hamid, Mohammed E. OXAZOLIDINONES (pharmacokinetics) Abdel Hamid, Yousrya M. FILARIASIS (transmission) Abdel Kader, Madeha M. FLAX Abdel Khalek, Ashraf RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Abdel Rady, Ahmed MITE-INFESTATIONS (veterinary) Abdelkarem, Hala M. FLAX Abdul Haleem CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (instrumentation) THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Abdul Sattar MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Abdulmohsen, M.F. DEATH, SUDDEN (epidemiology) Abediankenari, S. FICUS Abolhasani, M. DEAFNESS (genetics) Abramoff, Michael D. MEIBOMIAN GLANDS (radiography) Abu Baker, Salah PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (blood) Abul, Fawzi PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Abutalebi, S.H. STROKE (rehabilitation) Achar, Arun FIBROADENOMA (diagnosis) Adib Hajbaghery, M. DISABILITY EVALUATION Aeini, F. STOMACH NEOPLASMS (enzymology) Afrooz, Mohammad Razm THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Afzal, Muhammad UTERINE NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (congenital) Ahmad, Imran TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Ahmad, Javed URTICARIA (therapy) Ahmad, Mobashir UTERINE NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Ahmad, Muhammad PERICARDIECTOMY Ahmad, Tanzeel URTICARIA (therapy) Ahmadi, Alireza ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Ahmadian, A. PARKINSON DISEASE (therapy) Ahmed, Azeema HEARING LOSS, NOISE-INDUCED (epidemiology) Ahmed, E.G.E. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Ahmed, Nadya Y. ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Ahmed, S.G. INTESTINAL DISEASES, PARASITIC (complications) Ahmed, Waqar DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) Ahn, Daniel DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY Ahsanullah, Abumusa M. BCG VACCINE (adverse effects) Akaberi, Ali Akbar ACNE KELOID (diagnosis) Akawi, Nadia, A. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Akbarzadeh, A. NEEDS ASSESSMENT Akhtar, Fahim INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Akhtar, Farrukh DELUSIONS (epidemiology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   84 Akhtar, Shahida MISOPROSTOL (administration and dosage) Akhter, F. DYSKINESIAS (diagnosis) Akinci, Baris GOITER, NODULAR Akram, Saeed PALLOR Aksoy, Erol LIVER NEOPLASMS Akyol, Nurettin HEADACHE DISORDERS Al Aamri, Maryam Ali CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Al Aamri, Sumaiya PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC (drug therapy) Al Abdi, Sameer Y. CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Al Aboud, Ahmad M. PLANTS, MEDICINAL Al Ani, Mouroge H. HEPATITIS, VIRAL, HUMAN (epidemiology) Al Barzinji, Rukia URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Al Cheikh, Salwa A. SPONDYLITIS, ANKYLOSING (genetics) Al Dabbagh, Ali A. PNEUMOPERITONEUM Al Dousary, Surayie H. SINUSITIS (complications) Al Faky, Yasser H. EYELIDS Al Gazali, Lihadh I. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Al Ghamdy, Aly O. LIZARDS (parasitology) Al Hadithi, Tariq S. SKIN DISEASES (epidemiology) Al Hussieny, Ahmed Aidan INDUSTERIAL WASTE Al Jasmi, Fattima A. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Al Kalbani, Ahlam PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC (drug therapy) Al Kamil, Eman Adnan BLOOD TRANSFUSION (adverse effects) Al Kattan, Manal Othman RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (microbiology) Al Khouzaie, Thamer H. ASBESTOSIS Al Malki, Salem EYELIDS Al Mandalawi, Sanaa G. Hama METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Al Marzoki, Jasim M. CRYING Al Masalmah, Bourhan Eldin INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Al Mathal, Ebtesam M. COLONORCHIS SINENSIS (isolation and purification) Al Mejrad, Ali S. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Al Mendalawi, Mahmood D. BLOOD CELL COUNT ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA (complications) ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS Al Namaa, L.M. LIPOPROTEINS (drug effects) Al Nuaimi, Maha A. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (psychology) Al Numair, Khalid S. DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Al Otaibi, Sultan T. ASBESTOSIS Al Othrubi, Saleh M. MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS (methods) Al Rikabi, Ammar C. EYELIDS Al Saeed, W.M. TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS (diagnosis) Al Sayed, Mohammed Y.S. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) Al Sayyari, Abdulla A. KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC (epidemiology) Al Shammari, Naif K. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Al Shawa, Y.R. FALCONIFORMES (parasitology) Al Shawa, Yaser CAMELS (parasitology) Al Sheikh, Huda Mohammed RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (microbiology) Al Swiahb, Jamil N. SINUSITIS (complications) Al Yassin, Asad K. BLOOD TRANSFUSION (adverse effects) Al Yousif, Mohamed S. CAMELS (parasitology) Alam, Maqbool PALLOR IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   85 Alanjjar, Suhail Mawlood THYROID GLAND (surgery) Albedwawi, Saif INFLUENZA A VIRUS, H1N1 SUBTYPE Alfaleh, F.A. FALCONIFORMES (parasitology) Alfaresi, Mubarak INFLUENZA A VIRUS, H1N1 SUBTYPE Alfawaz, Nawaf ACRYLIC RESINS (adverse effects) Ali, Bassam R. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Ali, E.M. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Ali, Hala M. Nassim ORBIT (abnormalities) Ali, Inaam N. INDUSTERIAL WASTE Ali, Jahanzeb CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (methods) Ali, K.E. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Ali, Khalis Bilal M. SKIN DISEASES (epidemiology) Ali, Muhammad Asghar GOITER, NODULAR (surgery) Ali, Salman ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Ali, Sirwan K. SCHIZOPHRENIA (drug therapy) Ali, Syed Khawar CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA (diagnosis) Ali, Syed Qasim INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (methods) Aliakbarian, M. ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (diagnosis) Aligholi, Marziyeh MONOTERPENES (therapeutic use) Alioglu, Zekeriya HEADACHE DISORDERS Almosuly, Intiha Mohamad MELANOSIS Alnakshabandi, Abdulkader A. KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC (metabolism) Alsada, Athraa abed INDUSTERIAL WASTE Alshaalan, Hesham M. CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Alsuhaibani, Adel H. MEIBOMIAN GLANDS (radiography) ACRYLIC RESINS (adverse effects) Alyousif, M.S. FALCONIFORMES (parasitology) Aman, Shahbaz TUBERCULOSIS, CUTANEOUS Amanollahi, Omid ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Ameen, Sameer Shahid DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Amini Saman, Javad ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Amoudi, Mikky A. CAMELS (parasitology) Amouzegar, Atieh THYROTOXICOSIS (diagnosis) Anleen, Hanan A. SMOKING (adverse effects) Anoosheh, S. TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA (genetics) Ansari, Jawwad Khaliq HEPATITIS C ANTIBODIES PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE (therapy) Anwar, Mohmmad URTICARIA (therapy) Anwar, Rabiah DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) Arfan ul Bari LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Arian, Muhammad Aamir DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Arinsoy, T. RENAL DIALYSIS Asgary, Saeed DENTAL LEAKAGE CANDIDA ALBICANS (drug effects) ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS Ashgar, Asif MEDIASTINOSCOPY Ashraf, Tariq SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES Asif, Tariq ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Askarian, M. ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS (economics) Aslam, Muhammad Shahid ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Aslam, Mushahid PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (congenital) Aslani, Mohammad Mehdi PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Assadian, O. ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS (economics) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   86 Atalay, Mustafa A. HEPATITIS B VIRUS (genetics) Atri, Shirin B. HEART DISEASES (rehabilitation) Ayaz, Bushra CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS Aygen, Bilgehan HEPATITIS B VIRUS (genetics) Ayub, Ali DENTAL ARCH (anatomy and histology) Ayub, Muhammad TRYPANOSOMIASIS (diagnosis) Ayub, Zeeshan HEARING LOSS, NOISE-INDUCED (epidemiology) Azadbakht, M. FICUS Azadegan, F. DEAFNESS (genetics) Azam, I. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Aziz, Sohail CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (methods) Azizi, Fereidon THYROTOXICOSIS (diagnosis) OBESITY (genetics) Azizzian, Fatemeh LEPTIN (blood) Baghban, Alireza Akbarzadeh ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS Baghernia, Ali HEART DISEASES (rehabilitation) Bahadir, Osman HEADACHE DISORDERS Baile, Rahul CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Bakhtiar, Hengameh PAIN (drug therapy) Banitalebi, G. DEAFNESS (genetics) Barati, B. MIGRAINE DISORDERS (pathology) Barati, M. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Baris, Sibel PROPOFOL (administration and dosage) Bassey, I.E. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES (epidemiology) Batool, Iffat DENTAL ARCH (anatomy and histology) Bazargan Hejazi, Shahrzad ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Beigi, A.A. DIPHOSPHONATES (therapeutic use) Beigi, M. CHEWING GUM Bektas, Devrim HEADACHE DISORDERS Bertucci, Francois BREAST NEOPLASMS Beyranvand, Mohammad Reza MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Bhandarkar, Ritesh RESILIENCE, PSYCHOLOGICAL Bhanumathy, M. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Bhat, A.R. HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, ACUTE (diagnosis) Bhatt, Rina GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Bhatti, J.A. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Bhonde, Snehal CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Bilal, Rizwan DERMOID CYST (diagnosis) Bin Aleem, Shoaib CARNITINE (therapeutic use) Binesh, Fariba ACNE KELOID (diagnosis) Bolhari, Behnam MONOTERPENES (therapeutic use) Bonakdaran, S. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (etiology) Bosely, Hanan Aboalkasem LICE INFESTATIONS (epidemiology) Boshrooyeh, H. Taheri ZINC (blood) Bozo, Mahmoud BILIARY ATRESIA (diagnosis) Butros, Robert Odish MELANOSIS Cahill, Kenneth V. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Calikoglu, Mukadder ASTHMA (genetics) Cao, Le GAIT Carter, Keith D. MEIBOMIAN GLANDS (radiography) Caylan, Refik HEADACHE DISORDERS IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   87 Chamssuddin, Abdou Khair VARICOCELE (surgery) Chandramohan, Govindasamy DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Chandrasekar, S.B. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Chapin, John R. VIOLENCE Chatterjee, Gobinda FIBROADENOMA (diagnosis) Chatzimavroudis, Grigoris CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Chaudhry, Imtiaz A. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Chaudhry, Nayyar INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) Chen, Yun Su GAIT Cheng, Pingshan PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (therapeutic use) Chohan, Sofia ENDOPHTHALMITIS (prevention and control) Chowdhury, Satyendra Nath BALANITIS (pathology) Clark, Cooper M. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Clive, N. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Coleman, Grace VIOLENCE Comlekci, Abdurrahman GOITER, NODULAR Czeizel, Andrew E. SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED Czyz, Craig N. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Dabbaghmanesh, M.H. ZINC (blood) Dadashi, Alireza THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Dalal, Koustuv VIOLENCE Daneshpour, Maryam Sadat OBESITY (genetics) Daoud, O.H. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Daoud, Saleh A. SALIVA Dar, Asad Jamal ENDOPHTHALMITIS (prevention and control) Dar, Nasser Rashid ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) Dawagreh, A.K. INDUSTERIAL WASTE Dawod, O.Y. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) de Zapien, Jill Guernsey PUBLIC HEALTH Deger, S.M. RENAL DIALYSIS Dehcheshmeh, F. Safdari CHEWING GUM Dehghani, Reza ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Dehpour, A.A. FICUS Delavari, Fatemeh ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Delshad, Hosein THYROTOXICOSIS (diagnosis) Demir, Tevfik GOITER, NODULAR Derici, U. RENAL DIALYSIS Dhahi, Maysaa Abdul Razaq FUSION PROTEINS, BCR-ABL (genetics) Dieke, Ada PUBLIC HEALTH Dilek, Ahmet PROPOFOL (administration and dosage) Divakar, Kalyani NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Dizaye, Kawa SCHIZOPHRENIA (drug therapy) Dolatian, Mahrokh SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Douglas, Raymond S. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Dulin, Paul PUBLIC HEALTH Durairaj, Vikram D. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Dutton, Ronald J. PUBLIC HEALTH Ebrahimipour, Gholamhossein PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Ebrahimzadeh, S. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (etiology) Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar DENTAL LEAKAGE IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   88 Ejaz, Amer ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) HERPES ZOSTER (epidemiology) Ekanem, T.B. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES (epidemiology) Ekong, M.B. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES (epidemiology) El Alfy, Nadia M. LICE INFESTATIONS (epidemiology) El Attar, Nagy M. TREMATODA (parasitology) El Bahnasawy, Mamdouh M. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) BABESIOSIS (transmission) El Kady, Ibrahim M. TOXOPLASMOSIS (immunology) El Karium, Salah A. SMOKING (adverse effects) El Metwally, Mohamed Tolba BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) CAMELS (parasitology) El Qudsi, Fatma M. SMOKING (adverse effects) El Sayed, Mortada M. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) El Shazly, Atef M.A. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) El Wakil, Eman A. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) Elbadawi, N.E.E. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Elbir, Orhan Hayri LIVER NEOPLASMS Elsebaie, Sameh B. CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (methods) Eluwa, M.A. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES (epidemiology) Elwan, Mohamed A. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) Eqlidi, J. STROKE (rehabilitation) Eraky, Maysa Ahmad ENTAMOEBIASIS (diagnosis) Eray, Esin WEIGHT LOSS Esmahil, Sazan URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Esmaili, A. DEAFNESS (genetics) Essa, H.H. FISHES Ezzat, Hussin M. CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (methods) Fakheri, Taravat ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Faqir, Farah MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Farajzadeh, Saeideh VITILIGO (psychology) Faraz, Ali MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Fard, H. Rahimi STROKE (rehabilitation) Fard, R. Emadi STROKE (rehabilitation) Farnia, P. TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA (genetics) Farokhi, E. DEAFNESS (genetics) Farooq, U. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Fasoulas, Kostas CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Fathy, Fouad M. GIARDIASIS (drug therapy) Fatima, Yasmin MISOPROSTOL (administration and dosage) Feroz, Shizan Hamid INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Firoozeh, F. BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION Flaf, M.S. LIPOPROTEINS (drug effects) Flanagan, Joseph C. DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY Forghani, Hussain LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) Foster, Jill A. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Galvez, Francisco Navarro PUBLIC HEALTH Gangi, F. CHEWING GUM Ghaffar, A. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Ghaffari, H. ASPERGILLOSIS (diagnosis) Gharami, R.C. PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM (diagnosis) BALANITIS (pathology) Ghareeb, Mosad A. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   89 Ghasemi, M. FICUS Ghayur, Samina INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) Gholipour, Yousef ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Ghorbani, Zahra DENTAL LEAKAGE Gokahmetoglu, Selma HEPATITIS B VIRUS (genetics) Goli, Divakar NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Goncalves, Anthony BREAST NEOPLASMS Gonzalez, Mithra O. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Gozalpour, E. ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Granillo, Brenda PUBLIC HEALTH Guerrero, Robert PUBLIC HEALTH Gumus, Lulufer Tamer ASTHMA (genetics) Habib Ur Rehman FISSURE IN ANO (drug therapy) Hag Ali, Mohammed INFLUENZA A VIRUS, H1N1 SUBTYPE Haider, Gulfareen MISOPROSTOL (therapeutic use) Hajihossieni, Hossien ACNE KELOID (diagnosis) Hajipour, Babak THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Hamdan, Mohamed A. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Hamissi, H. CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS (blood) Hamissi, J. CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS (blood) Hanadi, Binsawad A. SMOKING (adverse effects) Hanafiah, Alfizah MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS (methods) Hani, Falah Bani INDUSTERIAL WASTE Hani, Falah F. Bani CALCIUM CARBONATE (chemistry) Hanif, Muhammad Shoaib THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Hanif, Shoaib MEDIASTINOSCOPY Harfouch, Elham Ibrahim SPONDYLITIS, ANKYLOSING (genetics) Haridy, Fouad M. CAMELS (parasitology) Harisha, R. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Hasan, Mehmood CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS Hashemi, S.A. FICUS Hashemipour, Marjan PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Hashemzadeh, M. DEAFNESS (genetics) Hashim, Rizwan COSYNTROPIN (diagnostic use) INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA (diagnosis) Hashmi, Shuaib N. TRYPANOSOMIASIS (diagnosis) Hasnain, Muhammad Rashid THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Hasnain, Rashid MEDIASTINOSCOPY Hasosah, Mohammed Y. ABETALIPOPROTEINEMIA (complications) Hassali, Mohamed Azmi TUBERCULOSIS, LYMPH NODE (epidemiology) Hassan, Abdulaziz A. BCG VACCINE (adverse effects) Hassan, Ahamedali ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Hassan, Muhammad A. SCHIZOPHRENIA (drug therapy) Hassan, N.A. LIPOPROTEINS (drug effects) Hasshim, Rizwan LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Hatam, N. ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS (economics) Hawrami, Tahir Abdullah FASCIOLIASIS (diagnosis) Hedayati, Mehdi OBESITY (genetics) Hegde, Raghuraj S. PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM (diagnosis) Hertecant, Jozef L. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Heydari, A. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (epidemiology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   90 Heydari, M. STROKE (rehabilitation) Hosseini, A. STROKE (rehabilitation) Hosseini, S.V. HEMORRHOIDS (surgery) Hosseinian, Mohammad Mehdi THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Humayun, Sidra GENERAL SURGERY (education) Hussain, Muhammad Mazhar CARNITINE (therapeutic use) Iftikhar, Usma TUBERCULOSIS, CUTANEOUS Ijaz, Aamer INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) Ijaz, Amir COSYNTROPIN (diagnostic use) Iqbal, Afsheen PERICARDIECTOMY Iqbal, Amjad FRACTURE FIXATION, INTRAMEDULLARY (methods) Iqbal, Muhammad DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) Iqbal, Usman PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE (therapy) Irfan, Muhammad TRYPANOSOMIASIS (diagnosis) Isaac, Rivan Hermiz ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Ismaeel, Nabaz Hassan PNEUMOPERITONEUM Ismail, Ava T. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Ismail, Tarek Gad El Kareem AMPHIPOD (parasitology) Jain, K.K. NANOTECHNOLOGY (methods) Jaiswal, Vishal EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA Jamal, Brig Shahid SPECIMEN HANDLING Jamal, Rahaman MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS (methods) Janahmadi, Mahyar PAIN (drug therapy) Janmohammadi, N. FRACTURES, OPEN (drug therapy) Javed, Asim CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (methods) Javed, Koukab DERMOID CYST (diagnosis) Jawaid, Masood GENERAL SURGERY (education) Jillani, Muhammad Lutfullah PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (congenital) Jimenez, Elisa Aguilar PUBLIC HEALTH Jorjani, M. PARKINSON DISEASE (therapy) Junaid, T.A. ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMOR (diagnosis) Kadkhodaee, Mehri ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Kafaie, Parichehr ACNE KELOID (diagnosis) Kalaiarasi, Panneerdelvam DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Kalantarhormozi, M.R. ZINC (blood) Kamal, Khawar SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES Kamali, K. ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Kamran, Tauseef ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Kamyabi, Zahra LEPTIN (blood) Kangarlou, Ali CANDIDA ALBICANS (drug effects) Kapadi, Surendra Nayak ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMOR (diagnosis) Karakaya, Deniz PROPOFOL (administration and dosage) Karaoglu, Oguzhan GOITER, NODULAR Kargar, M. TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA (genetics) Karimabadeh, N. BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION Karimloo, M. ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Karira, Vasudeo CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Kasem, Seham A. FLAX Katsinelos, Panagiotis CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Katsinelos, Taxiarchis CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   91 Kaur, Apjit EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA Kawoosa, N.N. HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, ACUTE (diagnosis) Kayani, Mahmood CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (methods) Kazi, Waqas Ahmed INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Kazmi, Atif Hasnain DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC CONTACT (etiology) TUBERCULOSIS, CUTANEOUS Kelany, Abdul Hakeem M. SMOKING (adverse effects) Kelishadi, Roya BLOOD CELL COUNT Kelkar, Juilee CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Kelsaka, Ebru PROPOFOL (administration and dosage) Kenawy, Mohamed A. FILARIASIS (transmission) Keshtkaran, A. HEMORRHOIDS (surgery) Khairallah, Abdulrahman Samir ORBIT (abnormalities) Khalil, Hazem H.M. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) CAMELS (parasitology) BABESIOSIS (transmission) Khalilkhani, Habib PAIN (drug therapy) Khamis, A.H. DEATH, SUDDEN (epidemiology) Khan, Ahmed SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES Khan, Ahmed Mushtaq DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) Khan, Amer Hayat TUBERCULOSIS, LYMPH NODE (epidemiology) Khan, Asad Zaman HEPATITIS C ANTIBODIES Khan, Farooq Ahmad COSYNTROPIN (diagnostic use) INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA (diagnosis) Khan, Junaid Afsar TRYPANOSOMIASIS (diagnosis) Khan, M.M. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Khan, Muhammad Asghar INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (methods) Khan, Muhammad Babar TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Khan, Muhammad Dawood DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz MEDIASTINOSCOPY THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Khan, Muhammad Naeem TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Khan, Muhammad Qaiser Alam LEG LENGTH INEQUALITY Khan, Muhammad Saleem DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC CONTACT (etiology) Khan, Naser Ali UTERINE NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Khan, Tahir Mehmood TUBERCULOSIS, LYMPH NODE (epidemiology) Khan, U.R. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Khan, Waseem Ahmed GOITER, NODULAR (surgery) Khani, Parisa LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) Khastar, Hossien ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Khattak, Abdul Latif DYSKINESIAS (diagnosis) Khattak, Tariq Azam ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Khazaei, Mozafar CLEFT LIP (epidemiology) Khazaei, Saber CLEFT LIP (epidemiology) Kheirieh, Sanam DENTAL LEAKAGE ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS Khodadadi, Ali THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Khodami, A.R. MIGRAINE DISORDERS (pathology) Khorshid, H.R. Khorram ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Khuri, Sawsan F. METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS (genetics) Kiremitci, Saba LIVER NEOPLASMS Kokonis, George CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Kolahi, Ali Asghar MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Kotb, Saber MITE-INFESTATIONS (veterinary) Kountouras, Jannis CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   92 Kumar, Piyush PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM (diagnosis) BALANITIS (pathology) Labeeb, Shokrla A. CHILD WELFARE Lafta, Riyadh K. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (psychology) Lawoko, Stephen WOUNDS AND INJURIES Lee, Seongmu ORBITAL CELLULITIS Lewis, Craig D. ACANTHOLYSIS Li, Jian PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (therapeutic use) Li, Ming En BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Lodhi, Faisal Rashid CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM NEOPLASMS Lone, Azad Hussain URTICARIA (therapy) Lorvand, Abbas MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Lotfi, S. LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (radiography) Luo, Betsy P. DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY Lv, Xia BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Madani, Majid ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS Mahdi, Zena M. INDUSTERIAL WASTE Mahmood, Khalid LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Mahmood, Tahir PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (congenital) Mahmoud, Ahmed M. CHILD WELFARE Mahmoud, Maher A. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) Mahmoud, Thoreia M. CHILD WELFARE Maiti, Arunasis BALANITIS (pathology) Majeed, Farhan Ahmed THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Majeed, M. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Majeed, Shahid GOITER, NODULAR (surgery) Malekzad, F. LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (radiography) Malik, Bashir Ahmad BRAIN (radiography) PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (congenital) Malik, M. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Malik, Muhammad Omar CARNITINE (therapeutic use) Malik, N. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Malik, Nasir Saeed LEG LENGTH INEQUALITY Mammo, Layla A. POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC Mandiralioglu, F. RENAL DIALYSIS Mansouri, Ghazal LEPTIN (blood) Maqbool, Nouman FRACTURE FIXATION, INTRAMEDULLARY (methods) Marvasti, Laleh Alim ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS (toxicity) Mashlah, Ammar M. SALIVA Masood, Zubaida GENERAL SURGERY (education) Masoudpour, H. DIPHOSPHONATES (therapeutic use) Mathew, Mariam PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC (drug therapy) Mathew, T.C. PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Mehta, Milap P. ACANTHOLYSIS Mesembe, O.E. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES (epidemiology) Metwally, Amna RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Michels, Kevin S. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Mikhail, Micheal W. SIPHONAPTERA (growth and development) Milani, Amin Salem ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS (toxicity) Minhas, Azhar Hosain ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) Mirzan, Irfan Ali MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Modaresi, Seyed Jalil ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS (toxicity) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   93 Moghadam, Mohamad Hussain Baghiani LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) Moghadami, M. SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION (prevention and control) Moghazy, Khaled ORBIT (abnormalities) Mohamed, A.E. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Mohamed, M.I. BLOOD GLUCOSE (drug effects) Mohamed, Safaa A. CHILD WELFARE Mohammadi ASPERGILLOSIS (diagnosis) Mohammadi, Saman LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) Mohammadinia, L. HEMORRHOIDS (surgery) Mohan, ANita K. PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC (drug therapy) Mohan, K.H. HYPERPIGMENTATION (diagnosis) Mohaymen, Nidhal Abdul FUSION PROTEINS, BCR-ABL (genetics) Moini, M. ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (diagnosis) Mondal, Ashim Kumar BALANITIS (pathology) Mondal, Avijit PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM (diagnosis) BALANITIS (pathology) Moradi, Saeed ROOT CANAL PREPARATION (instrumentation) Moravveji, A.R. ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS (economics) Mordi, Mahmoudreza ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Morsy, Ayman T.A. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) COLONORCHIS SINENSIS (isolation and purification) Morsy, Tosson A. CAMELS (parasitology) BABESIOSIS (transmission) SIPHONAPTERA (growth and development) Mortazavi, Mahsa Sadat MONOTERPENES (therapeutic use) Motamedi, Mohammad Reza MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Mottaghi, P. DIPHOSPHONATES (therapeutic use) Mousavi, J. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Mozayeni, Mohammad Ali ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS (toxicity) Muhammad, Iqbal LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Murad, Nabeel Salman FUSION PROTEINS, BCR-ABL (genetics) Murtaza, Badar UTERINE NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Mustaffa, Shatha R. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Mutluay, R. RENAL DIALYSIS Muttalif, Abdul Razak TUBERCULOSIS, LYMPH NODE (epidemiology) Mutto, Milton WOUNDS AND INJURIES Muzaffar, Muhammad Sultan MEDIASTINOSCOPY THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Nabavizadeh, F. ANEURYSM (etiology) Nabil, Malak RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Nadeem, Muhammad TUBERCULOSIS, CUTANEOUS Nadkarni, Snehal CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Naeem, M.A. DYSKINESIAS (diagnosis) Nafeh, Ayman I. CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (methods) Nagieb, Marwa Mohammed ENTAMOEBIASIS (diagnosis) Nahidi, F. NEEDS ASSESSMENT Najafi, Atefeh ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Najafi, Farid CLEFT LIP (epidemiology) Najam ud Din THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Nansam, Catherine WOUNDS AND INJURIES Narayanaswamy, Arun PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Nasehi, M. ANXIETY (physiopathology) Naskar, Biswanath FIBROADENOMA (diagnosis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   94 Nasr, Maged M. CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (methods) Nasr, Mona El Sayed ENTAMOEBIASIS (diagnosis) Nasrabadi, Maryam Almasi ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC Nasrullah, M. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Nasser A.K. DYSKINESIAS (diagnosis) Nawaz, Khurram Haq TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Naz, Samina HERPES ZOSTER (epidemiology) Nazad, Simeen ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) Nejad, H.A. Habibi COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (epidemiology) Nejad, V. Shaygan MIGRAINE DISORDERS (pathology) Nelson, Christine C. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Neoh, Humin MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS (methods) Nerad, Jeffrey A. MEIBOMIAN GLANDS (radiography) Nessar, Gurel LIVER NEOPLASMS Niazi, Muhammad Khizar DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Niazi, Saifullah Khan HEPATITIS C ANTIBODIES Nik'khu, B. STOMACH NEOPLASMS (enzymology) Nikbin, Vajiheh Sadat PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Niknejad, H. PARKINSON DISEASE (therapy) Nizam, Khairunnisa MISOPROSTOL (therapeutic use) Nofal, H.K. DEATH, SUDDEN (epidemiology) Noghabi, S.H. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (etiology) Nojoom, Maha S. CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Noorbakhsh, S. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Noorbala, Mohamad Taghi LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) ACNE KELOID (diagnosis) Nosrat, Ali MONOTERPENES (therapeutic use) Nuno, Tomas PUBLIC HEALTH Ohadi, M. ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Ojha, B.K. EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA Omrani, Gh.H. Ranjbar ZINC (blood) Omrani, M.R. MIGRAINE DISORDERS (pathology) Ovuga, Emilio WOUNDS AND INJURIES Ozcan, Mehmet Ali GOITER, NODULAR Ozdem, Sabahat WEIGHT LOSS Ozgoli, Giti SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Pal, Mallika FIBROADENOMA (diagnosis) Pandey, Sukant EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA Paracha, Vaqar Ilahi PERICARDIECTOMY Parsa, Saeed Alipour MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Pasha, O. HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Patsis, Ioannis CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Pawar, A.T. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Peirovi, H. PARKINSON DISEASE (therapy) Perry, Julian D. ACANTHOLYSIS Pervez, Mohammad FISSURE IN ANO (drug therapy) Philip, Leeba HALITOSIS (microbiology) Phillips, Oludotun A. OXAZOLIDINONES (pharmacokinetics) Piri, M. ANXIETY (physiopathology) Pooladi, A. STOMACH NEOPLASMS (enzymology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   95 Poortaghi, Sarieh HEART DISEASES (rehabilitation) Pugalendi, Kodukkur V. DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Putterman, Allen M. BLEPHAROPTOSIS (surgery) Qaisari, M. LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (radiography) Qasaimeh, M. Abdallah INDUSTERIAL WASTE Radu, Son MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS (methods) Raeisi, M. DEAFNESS (genetics) Raeisi, S. DEAFNESS (genetics) Raheem, Shler Gh. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Rahimi, H. LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (radiography) Ramezani Tehrani, F. NEEDS ASSESSMENT Rana, Muhammad Zeeshan COSYNTROPIN (diagnostic use) Rana, Shabbir CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (instrumentation) Rao, Rama K. DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Rashed, Samia Mostafa ENTAMOEBIASIS (diagnosis) Rashid, Azhar PERICARDIECTOMY Rashid, B. HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, ACUTE (diagnosis) Rashid, Payman Anwar PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (blood) Rashid, Shahid DELUSIONS (epidemiology) Rateb, H.Z. FISHES Ravari, H. ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (diagnosis) Ray, Saugata FIBROADENOMA (diagnosis) Raza, Saleem BRAIN (radiography) Raziq, Sohail GOITER, NODULAR (surgery) Razzak, J.A. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES Razzaq, Kashif DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) HEPATITIS C ANTIBODIES Rezaei, M.J. STOMACH NEOPLASMS (enzymology) Riahin, A.A. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (epidemiology) Rich, Nicole E. NICTITATING MEMBRANE (surgery) Rizvi, Syed Ausaf DENTAL ARCH (anatomy and histology) Roberts, Ian TRANEXAMIC ACID (therapeutic use) Rosales, Cecilia B. PUBLIC HEALTH Roshan, M.R. Hasanjani FRACTURES, OPEN (drug therapy) Rostami, Fatemeh OBESITY (genetics) Roudbar, S.H. ASPERGILLOSIS (diagnosis) Sabah, Ahmad A.A. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) Saberi, Narjes VITILIGO (psychology) Sabra, Abdel Nasser A. SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (drug effects) Sadeghi, A.M. DIPHOSPHONATES (therapeutic use) Saed, Kamran DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Saeed, Saira UTERINE NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Safayian, Abdolrasoul HEART DISEASES (rehabilitation) Safdar, C. Aqeel ROTAVIRUS INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Safdari, F. STROKE (rehabilitation) Sahasrabuddhe, Meghana CILIARY BODY (abnormalities) Sajid, Wahid Bakhsh DELUSIONS (epidemiology) Sajja, Kiran BLEPHAROPTOSIS (surgery) Salako, Nathanael O. HALITOSIS (microbiology) Salehian, T. CHEWING GUM IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   96 Samn, Alla A.M. TREMATODA (parasitology) Saour, Basil J. POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC Saour, Jalal N. POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC Sari, Funda WEIGHT LOSS Sari, Ramazan WEIGHT LOSS Sarihasan, Binnur PROPOFOL (administration and dosage) Sattar, Abdus COSYNTROPIN (diagnostic use) INTERFERON TYPE I, RECOMBINANT (adverse effects) Sayyari, Ali Akbar ANAL CANAL (pathology) Secil, Mustafa GOITER, NODULAR Seifi, Behjat ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Shaafi, Sheyda THIOCTIC ACID (therapeutic use) Shadman, Bahareh DENTAL LEAKAGE Shah, Ajit RESILIENCE, PSYCHOLOGICAL SUICIDE Shah, S. Aamir TRYPANOSOMIASIS (diagnosis) Shahat, Samir A. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) Shahbaz, Nighat LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Shahcheraghi, Fereshteh PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Shaheen, Faissal A. KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC (epidemiology) Shaheen, Nasira LEG LENGTH INEQUALITY Shahhosseiny, M.H. ALZHEIMER DISEASE (genetics) Shahidi, Hamid ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Shahin, M. ANXIETY (physiopathology) Shahsavarani, M.T. CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS (blood) Shaikh, Zafar Iqbal ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) Shams, Sedigheh ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY Shamshiri, A.R. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Sharaf, Leyla H. OXAZOLIDINONES (pharmacokinetics) Sharafi, Zeynab PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA (isolation and purification) Sharapy, Alaa El Din M.K. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) Sharif, Nasim STUDENTS (psychology) Sharifi, Kobra OBESITY (genetics) Sharifi, Z. ASPERGILLOSIS (diagnosis) Sharifian, Mohammad Reza MONOTERPENES (therapeutic use) Shashidhar, T. PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM (diagnosis) Sheikholeslami, N. BRUCELLOSIS (diagnosis) Shekarabi, M. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Shereen, Atia W. POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC Sheykhan, Zohreh SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Shirani, Amir Mansour CLEFT LIP (epidemiology) Shirazinejad, S. DIPHOSPHONATES (therapeutic use) Shivaprasad, H.N. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Shu, Jian Chang BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Siddiq, M. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (statistical and numerical data) Siddiqi, Hammad Ahmad BRAIN (radiography) Siddique, Muhammad Bilal PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE (therapy) Simbar, M. NEEDS ASSESSMENT Sindel, S. RENAL DIALYSIS Sofiabadi, Samira CANDIDA ALBICANS (drug effects) Soheilipour, Elham ROOT CANAL FILLING MATERIALS Soleimani, Gh. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   97 Soliman, Mohamed I. FILARIASIS (transmission) SIPHONAPTERA (growth and development) Song, Hui Dong BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Soudan, Rania A. SALIVA Subhan, Shehzadi Samar THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Subhani, Shahadi Samar MEDIASTINOSCOPY Subrahmanya, Nagesh Babu ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMOR (diagnosis) Sudhakar, Balasubramanian DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED (pharmacology) Suhail, Majid ACHILLES TENDON (ultrasonography) HERPES ZOSTER (epidemiology) Suhail, Taqdees HERPES ZOSTER (epidemiology) Sulaiman, Shukria URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (epidemiology) Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed TUBERCULOSIS, LYMPH NODE (epidemiology) Surchi, Omer Qadir SKIN DISEASES (epidemiology) Sushma, G. NOCICEPTORS (drug effects) Svanstrom, Leif WOUNDS AND INJURIES Tabatabaei, A. TUBERCULOSIS (immunology) Tabeshian, A. BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION Tafti, Mohamad Hussain Dehghani LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (prevention and control) Taherzadeh, M. DEAFNESS (genetics) Tahir, Ch. Muhammad ISOTRETINOIN (adverse effects) Taj, Muhammad Ali DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) Talati, Ali ROOT CANAL PREPARATION (instrumentation) Tariq, Khalid Mahmood LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Tayel, Samy El Sheikh A. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) Teifoori, F. ASPERGILLOSIS (diagnosis) Teke, Zafer LIVER NEOPLASMS Terzoudis, Sotiris CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Torabzadeh, Hassan PAIN (drug therapy) Tu, Weiping PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (therapeutic use) Umair, Bilal THORACIC SURGERY, VIDEO-ASSISTED Uraka, J. INTESTINAL DISEASES, PARASITIC (complications) Ural, Ahmet HEADACHE DISORDERS Usman, Javaid MINOCYCLINE (therapeutic use) Vahedian Ardakani, J. ANEURYSM (etiology) Vahedian, M. ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (diagnosis) ANEURYSM (etiology) Valaee, Naser ANAL CANAL (pathology) Valaei, Naser SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Varghese, Reny OXAZOLIDINONES (pharmacokinetics) Varner, Erin VIOLENCE Vasiliadis, Themistoklis CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Vatanpour, Mehdi PAIN (drug therapy) Wahid, Faisal INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Waked, Emam RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Wali, Muhammad Waseem TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Wang, Le Xin BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Xu, Gaosi PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (therapeutic use) Yadegari, Zahra CANDIDA ALBICANS (drug effects) Yahya, Farhan DENTAL ARCH (anatomy and histology) Yakopson, Vladimir S. DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY Yang, Dawn D. GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY Yang, Qi Hong BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index   98 Yaqub, Muhammad Amer DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (epidemiology) Yaroglu, Hatice Yildirim ASTHMA (genetics) Yasin, Bilal INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (methods) Yassin, Mohammad K. ASTHMA (etiology) SCABIES (veterinary) TREMATODA (parasitology) Ye, Guo Rong BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Yeganeh, Mehrnoush Hassas ANAL CANAL (pathology) Yen, Michael T. ORBITAL CELLULITIS Yener, Serkan GOITER, NODULAR Yesil, Sena GOITER, NODULAR Yousaf, Muhammad Ali DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 (drug therapy) TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE (epidemiology) Yousefi, Ali Reza Agha STUDENTS (psychology) Yousefzadeh, Y. FICUS Yuksel, Faize GOITER, NODULAR Zaadeh, A. Hassan BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION Zaalouk, Tarek Kh. WICHERERIA BANCROFTI (parasitology) Zadeh, Ali Monajem ROOT CANAL PREPARATION (instrumentation) Zadeh, R. Ramezan STOMACH NEOPLASMS (enzymology) Zaidi, Abrar Hussain CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC (instrumentation) Zaker, R. DEAFNESS (genetics) Zandi, Soodabeh VITILIGO (psychology) Zangana, Jwan Mohammed Sabir CONTRACEPTION BEHAVIOR Zarrindast, M.R. ANXIETY (physiopathology) Zavos, Christos CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY Zhang, Wen Ru BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Zhang, Xian Long GAIT Zhang, Xiao Yan BILIARY TRACT NEOPLASMS (surgery) Zhao, Song GAIT Zolala, F. MEDICAL INFORMATICS Zulfiqar, Mujahid MEDIASTINOSCOPY    Appendix II List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by country)

IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   101 Journal Title ISSN Status Bahrain (3) Arab Journal for Food and Nutrition 1608-8352 Interrupted Bahrain Medical Bulletin 1012-8298 Active JBMS - Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 1015-6321 Active Egypt (133) AAMJ - Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal 1687-1693 Interrupted African Journal of Urology 1110-5704 Active Afro-Arab Liver Journal 1687-224X Active Ain-Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1687-1030 Active Ain-Shams Medical Journal 0002-2144 Interrupted AJAIC - Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care N/A Interrupted Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science 1110-6751 Interrupted Al-Azhar Medical Journal 1110-0400 Active Alexandria Dental Journal 1110-015X Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Food Science and Technology 1687-3920 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Hepatogastroenterology 2090-1879 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Pediatrics 1687-9945 Active Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1792 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-2047 Active Alexandria Medical Journal [The] 0516-5849 Interrupted Annals of Pediatric Surgery 1687-4137 Interrupted Applied Endocrinology in Egypt 1110-1776 Interrupted Arab Journal of Biotechnology 1110-6875 Active Arab Journal of Gastroenterology 1687-1979 Active Arab Journal of Laboratory Medicine [The] 1110-1822 Active ASJOG - Ain-Shams Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1697-2193 Interrupted ASNJ - Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal 1687-3858 Active Assiut Medical Journal 1110-0494 Active Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches 1110-6107 Active Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Benha Medical Journal 1110-208X Active Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine 1110-0834 Active Bulletin of Alexandria Thoracic Association N/A Interrupted Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University 1110-0931 Interrupted Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy - Cairo University 1110-6611 Interrupted Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health [The] 1110-0036 Active Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Assiut University 1110-0052 Active Bulletin of the Faculty of Science - University of Alexandria 0568-9619 Interrupted Bulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt N/A Active Bulletin of the National Research Centre 1110-0591 Active Bulletin of the Ophthalmological Society of Egypt 0078-5342 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   102 Journal Title ISSN Status Childhood and Development Quarterly 1110-8681 Interrupted Clinical Diabetes 0891-8929 Active Eastern Mediterranean Region Drugs Digest 1040-2312 Ceased Eastern Mediterranean Region Epidemiological Bulletin 1014-2347 Ceased EDJ - Egyptian Dental Journal 0070-9484 Interrupted Egyptian Heart Journal [The] 1110-2608 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Anatomy [The] 1110-2144 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering 1012-5558 Active Egyptian Journal of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering 1110-8525 Active Egyptian Journal of Bronchology [The] 1687-8426 Active Egyptian Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery [The] N/A Active Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 0449-2285 Active Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine [The] 1110-1865 Active Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Andrology 1110-7650 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Diabetes [The] N/A Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Food Science 1110-0192 Active Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 0046-161X Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Histology [The] 1110-0559 Active Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The] 1687-2002 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Immunology [The] 1110-4902 Active Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics [The] 1110-8630 Active Egyptian Journal of Medical Laboratory Sciences 1110-5593 Active Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1110-2179 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Microbiology 0022-2704 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Neonatology [The] 1110-8991 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery [The] 1110-1083 Active Egyptian Journal of Nutrition 1687-1235 Active Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Health 1687-7950 Active Egyptian Journal of Occupational Medicine 1110-1881 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology [The] 1012-5574 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Paediatrics [The] 1687-1677 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 1687-1642 Active Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 0301-5068 Active Egyptian Journal of Physiological Sciences 0301-8660 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1110-1105 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Schistosomiasis and Infectious and Endemic Diseases 1110-7278 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Surgery [The] 1110-1121 Active Egyptian Journal of Urology 1110-5712 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-0222 Active Egyptian Liver Journal 2090-6218 Active Egyptian Medical Journal of the National Research Center 1687-1278 Interrupted New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   103 Journal Title ISSN Status Egyptian Orthodontic Journal N/A Interrupted Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal [The] 1110-1148 Interrupted Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal [National Research Center] 1687-4315 Active Egyptian Population and Family Planning Review [The] N/A Interrupted Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 1110-161X Active Egyptian Science Magazine [The] 1687-3815 Active EJB - Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology [The] 1687-1502 Active EJENTAS - Egyptian Journal of ENT and Allied Sciences 2090-0740 Interrupted EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 1020-3397 Active EMJ - Egyptian Medical Journal [The] 1110-0095 Ceased Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association [The] 1110-6638 Interrupted Health Services Journal of the Eastern Mediterrenean Region 1014-9899 Interrupted JESN - Journal of Egyptian Society of Nephrology [The] N/A Interrupted Journal of Childhood Studies 2090-0619 Active Journal of Drug Research of Egypt 0085-2406 Active Journal of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases 1110-0796 Interrupted Journal of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences [The] 1110-6468 Interrupted Journal of the Arab Society for Medical Research 1687-4293 Active Journal of the Egyptian Medical Association [The] 0013-2411 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute 1110-0362 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association [The] 0013-2446 Active Journal of the Egyptian Society of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes [The] 1110-1245 Active Journal of the Egyptian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology [The] 0258-3216 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 1110-0583 Active Journal of the Egyptian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics [The] N/A Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Society of Toxicology 1110-127X Active Journal of the Medical Research Institute - Alexandria University 1110-0133 Interrupted JPC - Journal of Pediatric Club [The] N/A Active Kasr El Aini Journal of Surgery 0022-9237 Interrupted Kidney Forum 1369-3050 Interrupted Mansoura Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1318 Interrupted Mansoura Medical Journal 1110-211X Active Medical Journal of Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital [The] N/A Interrupted Medical Journal of Cairo University [The] 0045-3803 Active Medical Journal of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes [The] 1110-2039 Interrupted Minoufia Medical Journal 1110-2098 Active MJFCT - Mansoura Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1110-5437 Interrupted Neonatology 1687-0492 Interrupted New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The] 1110-1946 Active Pan Arab Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma [The] 1607-4912 Active Population Researches and Studies N/A Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   104 Journal Title ISSN Status Population Sciences N/A Interrupted Population Studies 1110-1342 Interrupted PUJ - Parasitologists United Journal 1687-7942 Active Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty [Girls] [The] 1110-2381 Interrupted Scientific Journal of El-Minia Faculty of Medicine [The] 1110-2446 Interrupted Scientific Medical Journal 1110-5607 Active South Valley Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted Suez Canal University Medical Journal 1110-6999 Active Tanta Medical Journal 1110-1415 Interrupted Tanta Medical Sciences Journal 1687-5788 Interrupted Veterinary Medical Journal 1110-1423 Active Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 1687-160X Interrupted Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-5089 Interrupted Zagazig Medical Association Journal 1110-2322 Interrupted Zagazig University Medical Journal 1110-1431 Interrupted Iraq (30) Al-Kindy College Medical Journal 1810-9543 Active Almustansiriya Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1815-0993 Interrupted Annals of the College of Medicine - Mosul 0028-1446 Interrupted Basrah Journal of Surgery N/A Interrupted Bulletin of Endemic Disease - Baghdad 0007-4845 Interrupted DMJ - Dohuk Medical Journal 2071-7326 Active IMJ - Iraqi Medical Journal 0304-4564 Interrupted IOJ - Iraqi Orthodontic Journal 1816-0581 Interrupted IPMJ - Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 1608-8360 Active Iraqi Army Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Agriculture 1818-6645 Active Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Community Medicine 1684-5382 Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 1681-6579 Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Microbiology N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Tropical Disease Researches 1814-0823 Interrupted Journal of Basic Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted Journal of Community Medicine N/A Interrupted Journal of Dohuk University 1812-7568 Interrupted Journal of Karbala University 1813-0410 Interrupted Journal of the College of Dentistry - Baghdad N/A Interrupted Journal of the Faculty of Medicine - Baghdad 0041-9419 Interrupted Kufa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Medical Journal of Basrah University [The] 0253-0759 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   105 Journal Title ISSN Status Medical Journal of Tikrit University [The] N/A Interrupted New Iraqi Journal of Medicine [The] 1817-5562 Active Risafa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Scientific Nursing Journal 1812-2388 Interrupted Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 1995-5588 Active Islamic Republic of Iran (168) Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 Active Advances in Cognitive Science 1561-4174 Interrupted AJMB - Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 2008-2835 Active Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 Active Armaghane-danesh 1728-6506 Active ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 Interrupted Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2008-000X Active Audiology 1735-1936 Active Basic and Clinical Neurosciences N/A Active BCCR - Basic and Clinical Cancer Research 2228-6527 Active Behbood Journal 1735-093X Active Bina Journal of Ophthalmology 1026-6399 Interrupted Cell Journal (Yakhteh) 2228-5806 Active DARU - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1560-8115 Active DENA - Quarterly Journal of Yasuj Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery 1735-8450 Interrupted Dermatology and Cosmetic Quarterly 2008-7470 Active DRJ - Dental Research Journal 1735-3327 Active Endovascular Journal 2008-1812 Active Feyz - Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences 1029-7855 Active Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2010-2258 Active Genetics in the 3rd Millennium 1728-6182 Active Govaresh 1560-7186 Active HAKIM Research Journal 1561-252X Active HAYAT - Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery [The] 1735-2215 Active Health Information Management 1735-7853 Active Hepatitis Monthly 1735-143X Active Homa-ye-Salamat 2008-2002 Active Hormozgan Medical Journal 1735-2223 Active Hospital - Journal of Iranian Scientific Hospital Association 2008-1982 Active IBJ - Iranian Biomedical Journal 1028-852X Active IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 1735-7497 Active IHJ - Iranian Heart Journal 1735-7306 Active IJB - Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 1728-3043 Active IJBC - Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2008-4595 Active IJCN - Iranian Journal of Child Neurology 1735-4668 Active New New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   106 Journal Title ISSN Status IJEM - Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1683-4844 Active IJFS - International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 2008-076X Active IJHOSCR - International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 Active IJI - Iranian Journal of Immunology 1735-1383 Active IJKD - Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases 1735-8582 Active IJM - Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 Active IJME - Iranian Journal of Medical Education 1608-9359 Active IJMS - Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences 0253-0716 Active IJO - Iranian Journal of Orthodontics 1735-5087 Interrupted IJOH - International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 Active IJPR - Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1735-0328 Interrupted IJRM - Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1680-6433 Active International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1726-913X Active International Journal of Environmental Research 1735-6865 Active International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1735-1472 Active International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008-6520 Active International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine 2008-6490 Active INTJVR - International Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2533 Active Iran Journal of Nursing 2008-5923 Active Iran Occupational Health 1735-5133 Active Iranian Cardiovascular Research Journal 1735-885X Active Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 Active Iranian Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 1735-7179 Active Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2008-3866 Active Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention 2008-2398 Active Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 1735-5109 Active Iranian Journal of Dermatology 0021-082X Active Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 1726-7544 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 2008-6792 Active Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 1735-1979 Active Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 1735-7489 Active Iranian Journal of Health and Environment 2008-2029 Active Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1735-8612 Active Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 1735-160X Active Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1681-2824 Active Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research [IJNMR] 1735-9066 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology 1735-7756 Active Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility [The] 1680-2993 Active Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology 1735-4153 Active Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 1560-1293 Active Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 Active New New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   107 Journal Title ISSN Status Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2008-2142 Active Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 1735-8639 Active Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (IJPCP) 1735-4315 Active Iranian Journal of Public Health 0304-4556 Active Iranian Journal of Radiation Research 1728-4554 Active Iranian Journal of Radiology 1735-1065 Active Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 1728-1997 Active Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 1735-3602 Active JBUMS - Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 1561-4107 Interrupted JDT - Journal of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1735-2150 Interrupted JMR - Journal of Medical Research 1728-1962 Interrupted Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences - Rahavard Danesh 1735-5338 Active Journal of Dental Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1024-641X Active Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 2008-210X Active Journal of Dental School - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1735-7683 Active Journal of Dentistry - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1728-3426 Active Journal of Environmental Studies 1025-8620 Active Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 Active Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health [The] 1028-6918 Active Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences 1562-4765 Active Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences 2008-4048 Active Journal of Health Administration 2008-1200 Active Journal of Hygiene and Health 1735-2363 Interrupted Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2008-2053 Active Journal of Iranian Anatomical Sciences 1728-6158 Active Journal of Isfahan Dental School 1735-255X Interrupted Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 Interrupted Journal of Islamic Dental Association of Iran [The] - JIDA 1024-6428 Active Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 1735-5168 Active Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1023-9510 Active Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 2008-9783 Active Journal of Mashhad Dental School 1560-9286 Active Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 1735-9260 Active Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran 1562-1073 Active Journal of Medical Education 1735-3998 Interrupted Journal of Medical Science - Islamic Azad University of Mashhad 1735-7594 Active Journal of Medicinal Plants 1684-0240 Active Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2008-2576 Active Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Quarterly - Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1605-8941 Active Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 2008-2010 Active New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   108 Journal Title ISSN Status Journal of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry N/A Active Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences [The] 1561-3666 Active Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 1735-3165 Active Journal of Rehabilitation 1607-2960 Active Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 1726-7536 Active Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences 1735-2029 Active Journal of Research in Dental Sciences 2008-4676 Active Journal of Research in Health Sciences [JRHS] 1682-2765 Active Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-5311 Active Journal of Sabzevar School of Medical Sciences 1606-7487 Interrupted Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 1735-7586 Active Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1562-272X Active Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences 1735-1448 Active Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The] 1735-8620 Active Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 Active Journal of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1735-076X Active Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1606-9366 Active JRMS - Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-1995 Active JRRS - Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 1735-7519 Active Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology [JJM] 2008-3645 Active KOOMESH - Journal of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences 1608-7046 Active Medical Journal of Mashad University of Medical Sciences 1735-4013 Active Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1608-5671 Interrupted Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1430 Active Medical Sciences Journal of Islamic Azad University 1023-5922 Active MEJC - Middle East Journal of Cancer 2008-6709 Active Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2008-5230 Active Modares Journal of Medical Sciences, Pathobiology 1562-9554 Active Nursing and Midwifery Research 1753-5001 Interrupted Ofogh-E-Danesh 1735-1855 Active Payavard - Salamat 1735-8132 Active Payesh - Health Monitor 1680-7626 Active Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 1735-1022 Active Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 1735-7799 Active Quarterly Journal of Medical Ethics 2008-4374 Active Quarterly Journal of Medical Law N/A Active Quarterly Journal of Relief and Rescue 4544-2008 Active Razi Journal of Medical Sciences 2228-7043 Active Salmand - Iranian Journal of Aging 1735-806X Active Scientific and Research Journal of Army University of Medical Sciences - J.A.U.M.S. 1727-1789 Active Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 1027-1457 Interrupted New New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   109 Journal Title ISSN Status Scientific Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center [The] 1027-9520 Active Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 1560-652X Active Scientific Medical Journal 1026-8960 Active Social Welfare Quarterly 1735-8191 Interrupted Strides in Development of Medical Education 1735-4242 Active Tanaffos 1735-0344 Active Tehran University Medical Journal [TUMJ] 1683-1764 Active Toloo-e-Behdasht 1728-5127 Interrupted Urology Journal 1735-1308 Active Yafteh Journal 1563-0773 Active Jordan (9) Arab Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1016-8923 Active Dirasat 1026-3772 Interrupted Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1995-7157 Active Jordan Medical Journal 0446-9283 Active Journal of the Royal Medical Services 2078-8703 Active Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 1016-3360 Active Pan Arab Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Population Bulletin of ESCWA 0258-1914 Interrupted Smile Dental Journal 2072-473X Active Kuwait (6) Bulletin of the Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization N/A Active Food and Nutrition Bulletin N/A Active GJO - Gulf Journal of Oncology [The] 2078-2101 Active KMJ - Kuwait Medical Journal 0023-5776 Active Medical Arabization N/A Active Medical Principles and Practice 1011-7571 Active Lebanon (9) ACES - Actualites Cliniques et Scientifiques 1683-8068 Active AJU - Arab Journal of Urology N/A Active Arab Dental Journal N/A Interrupted JLDA - Journal of the Lebanese Dental Association 1810-9632 Active Journal of the Arab Neonatology Forum 1812-1756 Iterrupted Lebanese Science Journal 1561-3410 Active LMJ - Lebanese Medical Journal 0023-9852 Active Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology 0544-0440 Active Middle East Journal of Family Medicine N/A Interrupted Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (6) DMJ - Derna Medical Journal N/A Active Garyounis Medical Journal 0254-7198 Interrupted JMJ - Jamahiriya Medical Journal N/A Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   110 Journal Title ISSN Status Libyan Journal of Infectious Diseases [The] N/A Active LJM - Libyan Journal of Medicine 1819-6357 Interrupted Tabib Attifil Alarabi N/A Interrupted Morocco (6) Bulletin Epidemiologique 0851-8238 Interrupted Journal du Practicien 1113-5667 Interrupted Maroc Medical 0025-4053 Active Revue Marocaine de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Traumatologique N/A Interrupted Revue Marocaine de Medecine et Sante 0251-0758 Interrupted Revue Marocaine des Maladies de L'Enfant N/A Interrupted Oman (3) Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-620X Active Oman Medical Journal 1999-768X Active SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2075-051X Active Pakistan (73) Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care 1607-8322 Active Annals Abbassi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College 1563-3241 Active Annals of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre - Karachi N/A Interrupted Annals of King Edward Medical College 1684-6680 Interrupted APMC -Annals of Punjab Medical College 1024-8919 Active Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology 1816-0840 Active Biomedica 1992-4852 Active Challenge - Quarterly [The] 0528-7944 Interrupted Community Medicine 0301-7265 Interrupted Diabetes Digest 1369-7501 Active GJMS – Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 1819-7973 Active Hamdard Medicus 0250-7188 Active Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 1027-0299 Interrupted International Journal of Pathology 1810-0155 Active Isra Medical Journal 2073-8285 Active JAMC - Journal of Ayub Medical College - Abbotabad - Pakistan 1025-9589 Active JCPSP - Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 1022-386X Active JDUHS - Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences 1995-2198 Active JKCD - Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 2220-2633 Active JLUMHS - Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences 1729-0341 Interrupted JOPDAK - Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association Karachi N/A Interrupted Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 1814-8085 Active Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-4474 Interrupted Journal of Medical Sciences 1997-3438 Active Journal of Nephrology Urology and Transplantation N/A Interrupted Journal of Surgery [The] 1681-4517 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   111 Journal Title ISSN Status JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 1560-9014 Active JPDA - Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 1680-2292 Active JPIMS - Journal of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences 1683-6928 Interrupted JPMA - Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 0030-9982 Active JPMI - Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute 1013-5472 Active JPPS - Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society 1726-8710 Active JSP - Journal of Surgery Pakistan International 1817-0242 Active KMJ - KUST Medical Journal 2072-7763 Active Lahore Journal of Public Health N/A Interrupted Medical Channel 1681-5491 Interrupted Medical Forum Monthly 1029-385X Active Medical Spectrum [The] 0254-8534 Interrupted Medicine Today 1813-9876 Active Mother and Child 0379-2617 Interrupted PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 0030-9648 Active Pakistan Heart Journal 0048-2706 Active Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry 0300-8185 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology 1019-438X Active Pakistan Journal of Community Medicine [The] N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Health N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 1996-7195 Active Pakistan Journal of Medical Ethics N/A Active Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-024X Active Pakistan Journal of Neurology N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology 0886-3067 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry 1608-134X Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 0257-4985 Active Pakistan Journal of Pathology 1024-6193 Active Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1011-601X Active Pakistan Journal of Pharmacology 0255-7088 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Physiology 1819-270X Active Pakistan Journal of Psychology 0030-9869 Active Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 0030-9885 Stopped Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 2221-6413 Active Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series B: Biological Sciences 2221-6421 Active Pakistan Medical Journal 0031-000X Interrupted Pakistan Ophthalmology 0259-3661 Interrupted Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal 1012-8700 Active Pakistan Paediatric Journal 0304-4904 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   112 Journal Title ISSN Status PJC - Pakistan Journal of Cardiology 1016-1244 Interrupted PJMR - Pakistan Journal of Medical Research 0030-9842 Active PJS - Pakistan Journal of Surgery 0258-8552 Active Proceedings N/A Interrupted Professional Medical Journal - Quarterly [The] 1024-8919 Active RMJ - Rawal Medical Journal 0303-5212 Interrupted Palestine (3) Al-Quds Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Annals of Alquds Medicine 1815-2635 Interrupted PMJ - Palestinian Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Qatar (4) Gulf Journal of Dermatology and Venereology [The] N/A Active Heart Views 1995-705X Active JEMTAC - Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 1999-7086 Active Qatar Medical Journal 0253-8253 Active Saudi Arabia (29) Annals of Saudi Medicine 0256-4947 Active Annals of Thoracic Medicine 1817-1737 Active Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy 1658-3876 Active International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 1877-5934 Active International Journal of Health Sciences 1658-3639 Active Joint Centre for Research in Prosthetics and Orthotics [The] N/A Interrupted Journal of Family and Community Medicine 1319-1683 Active Journal of Infection and Public Health 1876-0341 Active Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Medical Sciences 1319-1004 Interrupted Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 1658-3612 Active Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 1016-7315 Active MEAJO - Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-9233 Active Neurosciences 1319-6138 Active Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery 1319-6995 Active Rehabilitation International N/A Interrupted Research Centre Bulletin 1019-5335 Interrupted Saudi Epidemiology Bulletin 1319-3965 Interrupted Saudi Heart Journal 1018-077X Interrupted Saudi Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation 1319-6499 Interrupted Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology [The] 1319-3767 Active Saudi Journal of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery [The] 1319-8491 Interrupted Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine [The] 1319-6308 Interrupted Saudi Medical Journal 0379-5284 Active SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 1013-9052 Active SGH Medical Journal 1658-2489 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   113 Journal Title ISSN Status SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 1658-354X Active SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 1319-4534 Active SPJ - Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 1319-0164 Active Urology Annals 0974-7796 Active Sudan (9) Gezira Journal of Health Sciences 1810-5386 Active JMJ - Juba Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Khartoum Pharmacy Journal N/A Interrupted Omdurman Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted SJPH - Sudanese Journal of Public Health 1990-7567 Active Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences 1858-5051 Active Sudan Medical Journal 0491-4481 Active Sudan Medical Monitor 1858-5000 Active Sudanese Journal of Dermatology 1815-3941 Interrupted Syrian Arab Republic (10) Al-Majallah Al-Tibbiya Al-Arabiayh N/A Ceased Arab Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1683-0369 Active Arabic Journal of Forensic Medicine and Criminal Science N/A Interrupted Damascus University Journal for Health Sciences N/A Active JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 1561-0217 Active JISHIM - Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 1303-667X Interrupted Journal of Clinical Laboratory [The] 1814-411X Active Journal of the Arab Board of Medical Specializations 1561-0217 Active Journal of the Arab Dentist N/A Interrupted Research Journal of Aleppo University - Medical Sciences Series N/A Interrupted Tunisia (9) Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 0020-2509 Active Cahiers Medicaux de Tunisie 0300-5291 Interrupted IDEES - Revue de Perfectionnement Medical et Paramedical N/A Interrupted Maghreb Medical 0330-258X Active Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La] 0330-7611 Active Revue Maghrebine d'Endocrinologie - Diabete et de Reproduction [La] N/A Active Revue Tunisienne d'Infectiologie 1737-8958 Active SST - Sante et Securite au Travail N/A Active Tunisie Medicale [La] 0041-4131 Active United Arab Emirates (4) EMJ - Emirates Medical Journal 0250-6882 Active International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 1606-7754 Active IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 1561-4395 Active JMS - Journal of Medical Sciences 1996-3262 Active   IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   114 Journal Title ISSN Status Yemen (7) Journal of Tropical Nephro-Urology N/A Active Sana'a University Journal of Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 1606-8947 Active Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences [The] N/A Interrupted YHMRJ - Yemeni Health and Medical Research Journal N/A Interrupted YJMHR-Yemeni Journal of Medical and Health Research N/A Interrupted YMJ - Yemen Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Last update December 2011      Appendix III List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by title)

IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   117 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  1 AAMJ - Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal 1687-1693 Interrupted 2 ACES - Actualites Cliniques et Scientifiques 1683-8068 Active 3 Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 Active 4 Advances in Cognitive Science 1561-4174 Interrupted 5 African Journal of Urology 1110-5704 Active 6 Afro-Arab Liver Journal 1687-224X Active 7 Ain-Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1687-1030 Active 8 Ain-Shams Medical Journal 0002-2144 Interrupted 9 AJAIC - Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care N/A Interrupted 10 AJMB - Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 2008-2835 Active 11 AJU - Arab Journal of Urology N/A Active 12 Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science 1110-6751 Interrupted 13 Al-Azhar Medical Journal 1110-0400 Active 14 Alexandria Dental Journal 1110-015X Interrupted 15 Alexandria Journal of Food Science and Technology 1687-3920 Interrupted 16 Alexandria Journal of Hepatogastroenterology 2090-1879 Interrupted 17 Alexandria Journal of Pediatrics 1687-9945 Active 18 Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1792 Interrupted 19 Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-2047 Active 20 Alexandria Medical Journal [The] 0516-5849 Interrupted 21 Al-Kindy College Medical Journal 1810-9543 Active 22 Al-Majallah Al-Tibbiya Al-Arabiayh N/A Ceased 23 Almustansiriya Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1815-0993 Interrupted 24 Al-Quds Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 25 Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care 1607-8322 Active 26 Annals Abbassi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College 1563-3241 Active 27 Annals of Alquds Medicine 1815-2635 Interrupted 28 Annals of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre - Karachi N/A Interrupted 29 Annals of King Edward Medical College 1684-6680 Interrupted 30 Annals of Pediatric Surgery 1687-4137 Interrupted 31 Annals of Saudi Medicine 0256-4947 Active 32 Annals of the College of Medicine - Mosul 0028-1446 Interrupted 33 Annals of Thoracic Medicine 1817-1737 Active 34 APMC -Annals of Punjab Medical College 1024-8919 Active 35 Applied Endocrinology in Egypt 1110-1776 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   118 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  36 Arab Dental Journal N/A Interrupted 37 Arab Journal for Food and Nutrition 1608-8352 Interrupted 38 Arab Journal of Biotechnology 1110-6875 Active 39 Arab Journal of Gastroenterology 1687-1979 Active 40 Arab Journal of Laboratory Medicine [The] 1110-1822 Active 41 Arab Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1683-0369 Active 42 Arab Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1016-8923 Active 43 Arabic Journal of Forensic Medicine and Criminal Science N/A Interrupted 44 Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 0020-2509 Active 45 Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 Active 46 Armaghane-danesh 1728-6506 Active 47 ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 Interrupted 48 Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2008-000X Active 49 ASJOG - Ain-Shams Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1697-2193 Interrupted 50 ASNJ - Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal 1687-3858 Active 51 Assiut Medical Journal 1110-0494 Active 52 Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches 1110-6107 Active 53 Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 54 Audiology 1735-1936 Active 55 Bahrain Medical Bulletin 1012-8298 Active 56 Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology 1816-0840 Active 57 Basic and Clinical Neurosciences N/A Active 58 Basrah Journal of Surgery N/A Interrupted 59 BCCR - Basic and Clinical Cancer Research 2228-6527 Active 60 Behbood Journal 1735-093X Active 61 Benha Medical Journal 1110-208X Active 62 Bina Journal of Ophthalmology 1026-6399 Interrupted 63 Biomedica 1992-4852 Active 64 Bulletin Epidemiologique 0851-8238 Interrupted 65 Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine 1110-0834 Active 66 Bulletin of Alexandria Thoracic Association N/A Interrupted 67 Bulletin of Endemic Disease - Baghdad 0007-4845 Interrupted 68 Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy - Cairo University 1110-0931 Interrupted 69 Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy - Cairo University 1110-6611 Interrupted 70 Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health [The] 1110-0036 Active New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   119 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  71 Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Assiut University 1110-0052 Active 72 Bulletin of the Faculty of Science - University of Alexandria 0568-9619 Interrupted 73 Bulletin of the Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization N/A Active 74 Bulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt N/A Active 75 Bulletin of the National Research Centre 1110-0591 Active 76 Bulletin of the Ophthalmological Society of Egypt 0078-5342 Interrupted 77 Cahiers Medicaux de Tunisie 0300-5291 Interrupted 78 Cell Journal (Yakhteh) 2228-5806 Active 79 Challenge - Quarterly [The] 0528-7944 Interrupted 80 Childhood and Development Quarterly 1110-8681 Interrupted 81 Clinical Diabetes 0891-8929 Active 82 Community Medicine 0301-7265 Interrupted 83 Damascus University Journal for Health Sciences N/A Active 84 DARU - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1560-8115 Active 85 DENA - Quarterly Journal of Yasuj Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery 1735-8450 Interrupted 86 Dermatology and Cosmetic Quarterly 2008-7470 Active 87 Diabetes Digest 1369-7501 Active 88 Dirasat 1026-3772 Interrupted 89 DMJ - Derna Medical Journal N/A Active 90 DMJ - Dohuk Medical Journal 2071-7326 Active 91 DRJ - Dental Research Journal 1735-3327 Active 92 Eastern Mediterranean Region Drugs Digest 1040-2312 Ceased 93 Eastern Mediterranean Region Epidemiological Bulletin 1014-2347 Ceased 94 EDJ - Egyptian Dental Journal 0070-9484 Interrupted 95 Egyptian Heart Journal [The] 1110-2608 Interrupted 96 Egyptian Journal of Anatomy [The] 1110-2144 Interrupted 97 Egyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering 1012-5558 Active 98 Egyptian Journal of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering 1110-8525 Active 99 Egyptian Journal of Bronchology [The] 1687-8426 Active 100 Hospital - Journal of Iranian Scientific Hospital Association N/A Active 101 Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 0449-2285 Active 102 Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine [The] 1110-1865 Active 103 Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Andrology 1110-7650 Interrupted 104 Egyptian Journal of Diabetes [The] N/A Interrupted 105 Egyptian Journal of Food Science 1110-0192 Active New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   120 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  106 Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 0046-161X Interrupted 107 Egyptian Journal of Histology [The] 1110-0559 Active 108 Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The] 1687-2002 Interrupted 109 Egyptian Journal of Immunology [The] 1110-4902 Active 110 Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics [The] 1110-8630 Active 111 Egyptian Journal of Medical Laboratory Sciences 1110-5593 Active 112 Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1110-2179 Interrupted 113 Egyptian Journal of Microbiology 0022-2704 Interrupted 114 Egyptian Journal of Neonatology [The] 1110-8991 Interrupted 115 Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery [The] 1110-1083 Active 116 Egyptian Journal of Nutrition 1687-1235 Active 117 Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Health 1687-7950 Active 118 Egyptian Journal of Occupational Medicine 1110-1881 Interrupted 119 Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology [The] 1012-5574 Interrupted 120 Egyptian Journal of Paediatrics [The] 1687-1677 Interrupted 121 Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 1687-1642 Active 122 Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 0301-5068 Active 123 Egyptian Journal of Physiological Sciences 0301-8660 Interrupted 124 Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1110-1105 Interrupted 125 Egyptian Journal of Schistosomiasis and Infectious and Endemic Diseases 1110-7278 Interrupted 126 Egyptian Journal of Surgery [The] 1110-1121 Active 127 Egyptian Journal of Urology 1110-5712 Interrupted 128 Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-0222 Active 129 Egyptian Liver Journal 2090-6218 Active 130 Egyptian Medical Journal of the National Research Center 1687-1278 Interrupted 131 Egyptian Orthodontic Journal N/A Interrupted 132 Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal [The] 1110-1148 Interrupted 133 Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal [National Research Center] 1687-4315 Active 134 Egyptian Population and Family Planning Review [The] N/A Interrupted 135 Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 1110-161X Active 136 Egyptian Science Magazine [The] 1687-3815 Active 137 EJB - Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology [The] 1687-1502 Active 138 EJENTAS - Egyptian Journal of ENT and Allied Sciences 2090-0740 Interrupted 139 EMHJ - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 1020-3397 Active 140 EMJ - Egyptian Medical Journal [The] 1110-0095 Ceased New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   121 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  141 EMJ - Emirates Medical Journal 0250-6882 Active 142 Endovascular Journal 2008-1812 Active 143 Feyz - Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences 1029-7855 Active 144 Food and Nutrition Bulletin N/A Active 145 Garyounis Medical Journal 0254-7198 Interrupted 146 Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2010-2258 Active 147 Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association [The] 1110-6638 Interrupted 148 Genetics in the 3rd Millennium 1728-6182 Active 149 Gezira Journal of Health Sciences 1810-5386 Active 150 GJMS – Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 1819-7973 Active 151 GJO - Gulf Journal of Oncology [The] 2078-2101 Active 152 Govaresh 1560-7186 Active 153 Gulf Journal of Dermatology and Venereology [The] N/A Active 154 HAKIM Research Journal 1561-252X Active 155 Hamdard Medicus 0250-7188 Active 156 HAYAT - Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery [The] 1735-2215 Active 157 Health Information Management 1735-7853 Active 158 Health Services Journal of the Eastern Mediterrenean Region 1014-9899 Interrupted 159 Heart Views 1995-705X Active 160 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy 1658-3876 Active 161 Hepatitis Monthly 1735-143X Active 162 Homa-ye-Salamat 2008-2002 Active 163 Hormozgan Medical Journal 1735-2223 Active 164 Hospital - Journal of Iranian Scientific Hospital Association 2008-1982 Active 165 IBJ - Iranian Biomedical Journal 1028-852X Active 166 IDEES - Revue de Perfectionnement Medical et Paramedical N/A Interrupted 167 IEJ - Iranian Endodontic Journal 1735-7497 Active 168 IHJ - Iranian Heart Journal 1735-7306 Active 169 IJB - Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 1728-3043 Active 170 IJBC - Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2008-4595 Active 171 IJCN - Iranian Journal of Child Neurology 1735-4668 Active 172 IJEM - Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1683-4844 Active 173 IJFS - International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 2008-076X Active 174 IJHOSCR - International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 Active 175 IJI - Iranian Journal of Immunology 1735-1383 Active New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   122 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  176 IJKD - Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases 1735-8582 Active 177 IJM - Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 Active 178 IJME - Iranian Journal of Medical Education 1608-9359 Active 179 IJMS - Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences 0253-0716 Active 180 IJO - Iranian Journal of Orthodontics 1735-5087 Interrupted 181 IJOH - International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 Active 182 IJPR - Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1735-0328 Interrupted 183 IJRM - Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1680-6433 Active 184 IMJ - Iraqi Medical Journal 0304-4564 Interrupted 185 Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 1027-0299 Interrupted 186 International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 1606-7754 Active 187 International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 1877-5934 Active 188 International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1726-913X Active 189 International Journal of Environmental Research 1735-6865 Active 190 International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1735-1472 Active 191 International Journal of Health Sciences 1658-3639 Active 192 International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008-6520 Active 193 International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine 2008-6490 Active 194 International Journal of Pathology 1810-0155 Active 195 INTJVR - International Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2533 Active 196 IOJ - Iraqi Orthodontic Journal 1816-0581 Interrupted 197 IPMJ - Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 1608-8360 Active 198 Iran Journal of Nursing 2008-5923 Active 199 Iran Occupational Health 1735-5133 Active 200 Iranian Cardiovascular Research Journal 1735-885X Active 201 Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 Active 202 Iranian Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 1735-7179 Active 203 Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2008-3866 Active 204 Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention 2008-2398 Active 205 Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 1735-5109 Active 206 Iranian Journal of Dermatology 0021-082X Active 207 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 1726-7544 Interrupted 208 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 2008-6792 Active 209 Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 1735-1979 Active 210 Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 1735-7489 Active New New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   123 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  211 Iranian Journal of Health and Environment 2008-2029 Active 212 Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1735-8612 Active 213 Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 1735-160X Active 214 Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1681-2824 Active 215 Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research [IJNMR] 1735-9066 Interrupted 216 Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology 1735-7756 Active 217 Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility [The] 1680-2993 Active 218 Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology 1735-4153 Active 219 Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 1560-1293 Active 220 Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 Active 221 Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2008-2142 Active 222 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 Interrupted 223 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 1735-8639 Active 224 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (IJPCP) 1735-4315 Active 225 Iranian Journal of Public Health 0304-4556 Active 226 Iranian Journal of Radiation Research 1728-4554 Active 227 Iranian Journal of Radiology 1735-1065 Active 228 Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 1728-1997 Active 229 Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 1735-3602 Active 230 Iraqi Army Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 231 Iraqi Journal of Agriculture 1818-6645 Active 232 Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology N/A Interrupted 233 Iraqi Journal of Community Medicine 1684-5382 Interrupted 234 Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 1681-6579 Interrupted 235 Iraqi Journal of Microbiology N/A Interrupted 236 Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted 237 Iraqi Journal of Tropical Disease Researches 1814-0823 Interrupted 238 IRCMJ - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 1561-4395 Active 239 Isra Medical Journal 2073-8285 Active 240 JABHS - Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 1561-0217 Active 241 JAMC - Journal of Ayub Medical College - Abbotabad - Pakistan 1025-9589 Active 242 JBMS - Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 1015-6321 Active 243 JBUMS - Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 1561-4107 Interrupted 244 JCPSP - Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 1022-386X Active 245 JDT - Journal of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1735-2150 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   124 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  246 JDUHS - Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences 1995-2198 Active 247 JEMTAC - Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 1999-7086 Active 248 JESN - Journal of Egyptian Society of Nephrology [The] N/A Interrupted 249 JISHIM - Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 1303-667X Interrupted 250 JKCD - Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 2220-2633 Active 251 JLDA - Journal of the Lebanese Dental Association 1810-9632 Active 252 JLUMHS - Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences 1729-0341 Interrupted 253 JMJ - Jamahiriya Medical Journal N/A Active 254 JMJ - Juba Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 255 JMR - Journal of Medical Research 1728-1962 Interrupted 256 JMS - Journal of Medical Sciences 1996-3262 Active 257 Joint Centre for Research in Prosthetics and Orthotics [The] N/A Interrupted 258 JOPDAK - Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association Karachi N/A Interrupted 259 Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1995-7157 Active 260 Jordan Medical Journal 0446-9283 Active 261 Journal du Practicien 1113-5667 Interrupted 262 Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences - Rahavard Danesh 1735-5338 Active 263 Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 1814-8085 Active 264 Journal of Basic Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted 265 Journal of Childhood Studies 2090-0619 Active 266 Journal of Clinical Laboratory [The] 1814-411X Active 267 Journal of Community Medicine N/A Interrupted 268 Journal of Dental Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1024-641X Active 269 Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 2008-210X Active 270 Journal of Dental School - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1735-7683 Active 271 Journal of Dentistry - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1728-3426 Active 272 Journal of Dohuk University 1812-7568 Interrupted 273 Journal of Drug Research of Egypt 0085-2406 Active 274 Journal of Environmental Studies 1025-8620 Active 275 Journal of Family and Community Medicine 1319-1683 Active 276 Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 Active 277 Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health [The] 1028-6918 Active 278 Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences 1562-4765 Active 279 Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences 2008-4048 Active 280 Journal of Health Administration 2008-1200 Active New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   125 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  281 Journal of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases 1110-0796 Interrupted 282 Journal of Hygiene and Health 1735-2363 Interrupted 283 Journal of Infection and Public Health 1876-0341 Active 284 Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2008-2053 Active 285 Journal of Iranian Anatomical Sciences 1728-6158 Active 286 Journal of Isfahan Dental School 1735-255X Interrupted 287 Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 Interrupted 288 Journal of Islamic Dental Association of Iran [The] - JIDA 1024-6428 Active 289 Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 1735-5168 Active 290 Journal of Karbala University 1813-0410 Interrupted 291 Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1023-9510 Active 292 Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Medical Sciences 1319-1004 Interrupted 293 Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 2008-9783 Active 294 Journal of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences [The] 1110-6468 Interrupted 295 Journal of Mashhad Dental School 1560-9286 Active 296 Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 1735-9260 Active 297 Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran 1562-1073 Active 298 Journal of Medical Education 1735-3998 Interrupted 299 Journal of Medical Science - Islamic Azad University of Mashhad 1735-7594 Active 300 Journal of Medical Sciences 1997-3438 Active 301 Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-4474 Interrupted 302 Journal of Medicinal Plants 1684-0240 Active 303 Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2008-2576 Active 304 Journal of Nephrology Urology and Transplantation N/A Interrupted 305 Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Quarterly - Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1605-8941 Active 306 Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 2008-2010 Active 307 Journal of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry N/A Active 308 Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences [The] 1561-3666 Active 309 Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 1735-3165 Active 310 Journal of Rehabilitation 1607-2960 Active 311 Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 1726-7536 Active 312 Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences 1735-2029 Active 313 Journal of Research in Dental Sciences 2008-4676 Active 314 Journal of Research in Health Sciences [JRHS] 1682-2765 Active 315 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-5311 Active New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   126 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  316 Journal of Sabzevar School of Medical Sciences 1606-7487 Interrupted 317 Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 1735-7586 Active 318 Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1562-272X Active 319 Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences 1735-1448 Active 320 Journal of Surgery [The] 1681-4517 Interrupted 321 Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 1658-3612 Active 322 Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The] 1735-8620 Active 323 Journal of the Arab Board of Medical Specializations 1561-0217 Active 324 Journal of the Arab Dentist N/A Interrupted 325 Journal of the Arab Neonatology Forum 1812-1756 Iterrupted 326 Journal of the Arab Society for Medical Research 1687-4293 Active 327 Journal of the College of Dentistry - Baghdad N/A Interrupted 328 Journal of the Egyptian Medical Association [The] 0013-2411 Interrupted 329 Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute 1110-0362 Interrupted 330 Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association [The] 0013-2446 Active 331 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes [The] 1110-1245 Active 332 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology [The] 0258-3216 Interrupted 333 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 1110-0583 Active 334 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics [The] N/A Interrupted 335 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Toxicology 1110-127X Active 336 Journal of the Faculty of Medicine - Baghdad 0041-9419 Interrupted 337 Journal of the Medical Research Institute - Alexandria University 1110-0133 Interrupted 338 Journal of the Royal Medical Services 2078-8703 Active 339 Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 1016-7315 Active 340 Journal of Tropical Nephro-Urology N/A Active 341 Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 Active 342 Journal of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1735-076X Active 343 Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1606-9366 Active 344 JPAD - Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 1560-9014 Active 345 JPC - Journal of Pediatric Club [The] N/A Active 346 JPDA - Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 1680-2292 Active 347 JPIMS - Journal of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences 1683-6928 Interrupted 348 JPMA - Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 0030-9982 Active 349 JPMI - Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute 1013-5472 Active 350 JPPS - Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society 1726-8710 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   127 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  351 JRMS - Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-1995 Active 352 JRRS - Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 1735-7519 Active 353 JSP - Journal of Surgery Pakistan International 1817-0242 Active 354 Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology [JJM] 2008-3645 Active 355 Kasr El Aini Journal of Surgery 0022-9237 Interrupted 356 Khartoum Pharmacy Journal N/A Interrupted 357 Kidney Forum 1369-3050 Interrupted 358 KMJ - KUST Medical Journal 2072-7763 Active 359 KMJ - Kuwait Medical Journal 0023-5776 Active 360 KOOMESH - Journal of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences 1608-7046 Active 361 Kufa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 362 Lahore Journal of Public Health N/A Interrupted 363 Lebanese Science Journal 1561-3410 Active 364 Libyan Journal of Infectious Diseases [The] N/A Active 365 LJM - Libyan Journal of Medicine 1819-6357 Interrupted 366 LMJ - Lebanese Medical Journal 0023-9852 Active 367 Maghreb Medical 0330-258X Active 368 Mansoura Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1318 Interrupted 369 Mansoura Medical Journal 1110-211X Active 370 Maroc Medical 0025-4053 Active 371 MEAJO - Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-9233 Active 372 Medical Arabization N/A Active 373 Medical Channel 1681-5491 Interrupted 374 Medical Forum Monthly 1029-385X Active 375 Medical Journal of Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital [The] N/A Interrupted 376 Medical Journal of Basrah University [The] 0253-0759 Active 377 Medical Journal of Cairo University [The] 0045-3803 Active 378 Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 1016-3360 Active 379 Medical Journal of Mashad University of Medical Sciences 1735-4013 Active 380 Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1608-5671 Interrupted 381 Medical Journal of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes [The] 1110-2039 Interrupted 382 Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1430 Active 383 Medical Journal of Tikrit University [The] N/A Interrupted 384 Medical Principles and Practice 1011-7571 Active 385 Medical Sciences Journal of Islamic Azad University 1023-5922 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   128 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  386 Medical Spectrum [The] 0254-8534 Interrupted 387 Medicine Today 1813-9876 Active 388 MEJC - Middle East Journal of Cancer 2008-6709 Active 389 Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology 0544-0440 Active 390 Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2008-5230 Active 391 Middle East Journal of Family Medicine N/A Interrupted 392 Minoufia Medical Journal 1110-2098 Active 393 MJFCT - Mansoura Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1110-5437 Interrupted 394 Modares Journal of Medical Sciences, Pathobiology 1562-9554 Active 395 Mother and Child 0379-2617 Interrupted 396 Neonatology 1687-0492 Interrupted 397 Neurosciences 1319-6138 Active 398 New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The] 1110-1946 Active 399 New Iraqi Journal of Medicine [The] 1817-5562 Active 400 Nursing and Midwifery Research 1753-5001 Interrupted 401 Ofogh-E-Danesh 1735-1855 Active 402 Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-620X Active 403 Oman Medical Journal 1999-768X Active 404 Omdurman Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted 405 PAFMJ - Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 0030-9648 Active 406 Pakistan Heart Journal 0048-2706 Active 407 Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry 0300-8185 Interrupted 408 Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine N/A Interrupted 409 Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology 1019-438X Active 410 Pakistan Journal of Community Medicine [The] N/A Interrupted 411 Pakistan Journal of Health N/A Interrupted 412 Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 1996-7195 Active 413 Pakistan Journal of Medical Ethics N/A Active 414 Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-024X Active 415 Pakistan Journal of Neurology N/A Interrupted 416 Pakistan Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology N/A Interrupted 417 Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology 0886-3067 Interrupted 418 Pakistan Journal of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry 1608-134X Interrupted 419 Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 0257-4985 Active 420 Pakistan Journal of Pathology 1024-6193 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   129 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  421 Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1011-601X Active 422 Pakistan Journal of Pharmacology 0255-7088 Interrupted 423 Pakistan Journal of Physiology 1819-270X Active 424 Pakistan Journal of Psychology 0030-9869 Active 425 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 0030-9885 Stopped 426 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 2221-6413 Active 427 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series B: Biological Sciences 2221-6421 Active 428 Pakistan Medical Journal 0031-000X Interrupted 429 Pakistan Ophthalmology 0259-3661 Interrupted 430 Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal 1012-8700 Active 431 Pakistan Paediatric Journal 0304-4904 Interrupted 432 Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery 1319-6995 Active 433 Pan Arab Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma [The] 1607-4912 Active 434 Pan Arab Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 435 Payavard - Salamat 1735-8132 Active 436 Payesh - Health Monitor 1680-7626 Active 437 Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 1735-1022 Active 438 PJC - Pakistan Journal of Cardiology 1016-1244 Interrupted 439 PJMR - Pakistan Journal of Medical Research 0030-9842 Active 440 PJS - Pakistan Journal of Surgery 0258-8552 Active 441 PMJ - Palestinian Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 442 Population Bulletin of ESCWA 0258-1914 Interrupted 443 Population Researches and Studies N/A Active 444 Population Sciences N/A Interrupted 445 Population Studies 1110-1342 Interrupted 446 Proceedings N/A Interrupted 447 Professional Medical Journal - Quarterly [The] 1024-8919 Active 448 PUJ - Parasitologists United Journal 1687-7942 Active 449 Qatar Medical Journal 0253-8253 Active 450 Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 1735-7799 Active 451 Quarterly Journal of Medical Ethics 2008-4374 Active 452 Quarterly Journal of Medical Law N/A Active 453 Quarterly Journal of Relief and Rescue 4544-2008 Active 454 Razi Journal of Medical Sciences 2228-7043 Active 455 Rehabilitation International N/A Interrupted New New IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   130 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  456 Research Centre Bulletin 1019-5335 Interrupted 457 Research Journal of Aleppo University - Medical Sciences Series N/A Interrupted 458 Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La] 0330-7611 Active 459 Revue Maghrebine d'Endocrinologie - Diabete et de Reproduction [La] N/A Active 460 Revue Marocaine de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Traumatologique N/A Interrupted 461 Revue Marocaine de Medecine et Sante 0251-0758 Interrupted 462 Revue Marocaine des Maladies de L'Enfant N/A Interrupted 463 Revue Tunisienne d'Infectiologie 1737-8958 Active 464 Risafa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 465 RMJ - Rawal Medical Journal 0303-5212 Interrupted 466 Salmand - Iranian Journal of Aging 1735-806X Active 467 Sana'a University Journal of Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted 468 Saudi Epidemiology Bulletin 1319-3965 Interrupted 469 Saudi Heart Journal 1018-077X Interrupted 470 Saudi Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation 1319-6499 Interrupted 471 Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology [The] 1319-3767 Active 472 Saudi Journal of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery [The] 1319-8491 Interrupted 473 Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine [The] 1319-6308 Interrupted 474 Saudi Medical Journal 0379-5284 Active 475 Scientific and Research Journal of Army University of Medical Sciences - J.A.U.M.S. 1727-1789 Active 476 Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty [Girls] [The] 1110-2381 Interrupted 477 Scientific Journal of El-Minia Faculty of Medicine [The] 1110-2446 Interrupted 478 Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 1027-1457 Interrupted 479 Scientific Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center [The] 1027-9520 Active 480 Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 1560-652X Active 481 Scientific Medical Journal 1026-8960 Active 482 Scientific Medical Journal 1110-5607 Active 483 Scientific Nursing Journal 1812-2388 Interrupted 484 SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 1013-9052 Active 485 SGH Medical Journal 1658-2489 Interrupted 486 SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 1658-354X Active 487 SJO - Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 1319-4534 Active 488 SJPH - Sudanese Journal of Public Health 1990-7567 Active 489 Smile Dental Journal 2072-473X Active 490 Social Welfare Quarterly 1735-8191 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List   131 S/N  Journal  ISSN  Status  491 South Valley Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted 492 SPJ - Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 1319-0164 Active 493 SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2075-051X Active 494 SST - Sante et Securite au Travail N/A Active 495 Strides in Development of Medical Education 1735-4242 Active 496 Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences 1858-5051 Active 497 Sudan Medical Journal 0491-4481 Active 498 Sudan Medical Monitor 1858-5000 Active 499 Sudanese Journal of Dermatology 1815-3941 Interrupted 500 Suez Canal University Medical Journal 1110-6999 Active 501 Tabib Attifil Alarabi N/A Interrupted 502 Tanaffos 1735-0344 Active 503 Tanta Medical Journal 1110-1415 Interrupted 504 Tanta Medical Sciences Journal 1687-5788 Interrupted 505 Tehran University Medical Journal [TUMJ] 1683-1764 Active 506 Toloo-e-Behdasht 1728-5127 Interrupted 507 Tunisie Medicale [La] 0041-4131 Active 508 University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 1606-8947 Active 509 Urology Annals 0974-7796 Active 510 Urology Journal 1735-1308 Active 511 Veterinary Medical Journal 1110-1423 Active 512 Yafteh Journal 1563-0773 Active 513 Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences [The] N/A Interrupted 514 YHMRJ - Yemeni Health and Medical Research Journal N/A Interrupted 515 YJMHR-Yemeni Journal of Medical and Health Research N/A Interrupted 516 YMJ - Yemen Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 517 Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 1687-160X Interrupted 518 Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-5089 Interrupted 519 Zagazig Medical Association Journal 1110-2322 Interrupted 520 Zagazig University Medical Journal 1110-1431 Interrupted 521 Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 1995-5588 Active Last update December 2011