Report on development activities in areas freed from onchocerciasis: Togo

Onchocerciasis Control Programme in the Volta River Basin area Programme de Lutte contre I'Onchocercose dans la R6gion du Bassin de la Volta JOINT PROGRAMME COMMITTEE Office of the Chairman JPC.CCP COMITE CONJOINT DU PROGRAMME Bureau du Pr6sident JPC4 .4C ORIGINAL: FRENCH October 1983 lr JOINT PROGRAMIM COMMITTEEFourth session Paris 12-15 December 1983 lrovlsioJral agenda item 9 REPORT ON DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES IN AREAS FREED FROI'I ONCHOCERCIASIS (toco; I. INTRODUCTION The Onchocerciasis Control Prograrmre in Togo covers 32% of the national territory. The areas concerned are the highly fertile riparian areas of great agricultural potential. The objective of the Onchocerciasis Control Progranme, planned to cover a 2O-year period, is to bring the effects of onchocerciasis down to a sufficiently low level to ensure that the disease poses neither a public health problem nor ao obstacle to socioeconomi-c development. Since the launching of this eradication progrartrne, which coincided with the implementation of the third national economic and social development plan, many socioeconomic projects have been initiated in the country. Project studies have been completed and some of the projects are in the implementati-on phase. Bodies such as EDF, the World Bank and UNDP, together with the Government of Togo, have participated in the financing of various activities. II. BASIC DATA A. NationaldevelopmenE objectives As from 1966, Togo established a 2O-year development period, by the end of which it could reasonably have reached the threshold of economic take-off. A11 its socioeconomi.c prograumes were formulated in the light of three fundamenEal objectives: (1) to ensure economic independence; (2) to establish development structures; (3) to carry out urgent action and initiate long-term activities for reducing imbalances and encouraging expansi-on. Togo has already corupleted three five-year economic and social development plans. The fourth plan, for 1981-1985, which has been begun, is a production pIan. Agriculture, which is the basis of the national economy, is in a privileged position. IE has to reach the basic objective of quantitative and qualitative self-sufficiency in food. To this end, fu1l use must be made of all natural and human resources, but hrater control is the mainstay of this agricultural production policy. It ; I I JPC4 .4C page 2 The major components of Togo's rural development policy are: (a) Development of the rural conrnunity through extension service activities and small-sca1e training for intensifying agricultural production, with specific objectives in mind. Concurrent action to relieve congestion or repopulate areas will be taken as appropriate. (b) Development of major modern industrial production units, oPen to all sources of financing - private, public, national and foreign - for which the intended areas of activity are the extensive valley areas, which are frequently infected with onchocerciasis' (c) Establishment of sociocultural infrastructures (schoo1s, hospitals, maternity uniEs, social centres, etc.), such action being integrated with the agricultural development Programne. e current economic situation I , B. Th The implementation of the early stages of Togo's fourth plan took place in a difficult international economic situation, characterized by persistent inflation, deterioration in the terms of trade and a cutback in foreign assistance from the rich countries to the poor countries. The economies of Togo and neighbouring countries were thus threatened by the current world crisis. Togo's economy, based essentially on agriculture and the rural environment, registered a rapid expansion during the past lO-year period as a result of increased exports of agricultural products and minerals. Since the onset of the crisis, the result of nearly 10 years' effort, achieved as a result of a world increase in prices of coffee, cocoa and phosphates, substantial public savings and an abundant supply of foreign capital, began to be 1ost. The positive results obtained from development Projects such as cocoa and coffee cultivation were nullified by the collapse of international prices of the country's two main connnodities. Furthennore, the relative stagnation in consumption of phosphate fertilizers brought about a sharp fall in phosphate prices and made the marketing of those products difficult. The inpact of the two petroleum price rises, together with imported inflaEion, ted to a sharp rise in the cost of Togo's imports of energy, industrial products and equipment and to a significant increase in investment costs, going well beyond the forecasts made in the financing plans. Slow economic growth and mediocre agricultural production, combined with rapid populaEion grorrth, are disturbing signs of economic difficulties. Togo's population is currently estimated at 2.7 million, as against 1.8 million 1O years ago. This population explosion, and accornpanying urbanization, are reflected in a radical change in population structure, and in particular in the localization of population in the territory, not only through movements from rural to urban areas as a result of the inevitable phenomenon of rural exodus, but also through movements from one rural area to another, with the constitution - at first unorganized but later increasingly coordinated - of veritable poles of development. The high birth rate, combined with a significant fal1 in mortality, have considerably changed the age sEructure of the population, since the proportion of young people under 15 years of age, which in 1968 stood at 49%, is now nearly 55% and, as an unproductive sector of the population, constitutes a considerable burden for the country. The relationship of overall economic aggregates to demographic data nevertheless shows that progress has been made. Gross domestic product, which stood at 60 billion CFA francs in 1968, increased to over 160 billion CFA francs in 1978 - a Srowth of nearly 170% in 1O years - and to 267 billion CFA francs in 1982. As a result of that Bror,rth, pe r capita income increased from approximately 27 5OO CFA francs in L968 to 62 OOO CFA francs in 1978 and 95 OOO CFA francs in 1982. tJPC4 .4C page 3 An examination of the various uses made of the national product and income shows a satisfactory position. In 1968, Togolese household consumer expenditure rePresented 80% of gross domestic product, while in 1978 it represented 7O%; hence a savings effort devoted to investment and thus to development. C. Importance of the agricultural sector in the national economy The Togolese economy is based essentially on agriculturat activities, which ernploy 8O7" of the population. In 1978, the contribution of these activities to GDP fluctuated between 26.6% and 27.2%, whi,Le the manufacturing and extractive industries contributed 7.3% and 8% respectively. Since the 1975 "Green Revolutionrr campaign, agriculture has been defined as the priority of prioriEies. The aim is to achieve self-sufficiency and an export surplus by 1985. Production figures for the major crops are: maize 25 2OO tonnes, manioc 574 2OO tonnes, sorghum and millet 127 6L2 tonnes, coffee L4 2OO tonnes and cocoa 15 2OO tonnes (1980 estimate). Cotton production amounted to 21 2OO tonnes in 1982. Togolese agriculEure is not without its problems, however. In addition to the climatic hazards which make any production forecasts uncertain, there is the Problem of an aging active rural population as a result of the significant rural exodus. The young population in particular tends to move from poor areas to rich areas, and such movements give rise Eo serious socioeconomic problems. The Togolese Government decided to take action against such movements through a policy of equitable distribution of the population throughout the country' applied by means of a balanced planning programne for the territory. SimilarIy, stePs have to be taken to intensify and rationali:ze small-scale agricultural production, and even rural industrial production, so as to bring the incomes of the rural population closer to those of urban r{rage earners. This balanced planning pcrlicy for the territory is intended to be carried out on the basis of regional and 1ocal poles of development. The major agroindustrial poles of development which are to form the central axes of this system are the Sio, Haho, Lake Togo, Mono and Oti basins. It is in this perspective that the developmenE of the areas freed from onchocerciasis has been undertaken. III. ECONOMIC DEVELOP},IENT OF ONCHOCERCIASIS ARXAS IN TOCO Development of the onchocerciasis areas, which was begun during the third economic and social development plan, L976-L98O, is continuing. Most of the projects initiated entered their implementation phase towards the end of that plan and the beginning of the current fourth p1an, 1981-f985. The studies for other projects have been completed and financing is awaited. The large-scale progranrme for the development of the Oti Valley, at Present divided into three development projects, cornprises: - development of the Mandouri Plain This project, at an estimated cost of 2408 million CFA francs, has secured financing from ADB. Its launching has been suspended pending the results of current negotiations, aimed at reaching agreement on certain procedures; - development of the Tchiri area. The feasibility study, financed by USAID, was The cost of the projectcompleted in October 1981. Financing is being sought. amounts to 497 million CFA francs; -4e.ThisProjectwas1aunchedinl979andisbeing implemented with financing from the Togolese GovernmenE and a Swiss bank. The first phase is being carried out at an estimated cost of 3730 million CFA francs. JPC4.4C page 4 The other projects are (a) Pro1 ects in course of imPlementation Intensified aericul tural a tion in t.he savanna area This operation, which was begun in 1979, is being carried out with joint financing by EDF and the Togolese Government. The total cost is L472 lrri-J-Lion CFA francs. - Development operation in the Kara Vallev (EDF) This project, which began in L974, is in its third phase of implementaEion. The total cost of irnplementation of the first two phases (1974-f981) amounts to 75O million CFA francs' - Northern Togo integrated devel t progranrne ( ttl.a Karatt sector) This large-scale programne was launched in 1975 and entered its third phase in July )981 Financing is provided from several sources, headed by UNDP, followed by MISEREOR, UNICEF' WFP and the Togolese Government. traction Pro iect - Kara area The animal tracrion project is financed by USAID and the Togolese Government. In the second phase (Lg82-Lg87), which is in course of preparation, an extension in the Kara and savanna areas is envisaged. The first phase (1979-L982) covered the Kara area. Financing has been estimated at 148.2 million CFA francs for both Parts of the Project. - Atchangbad6 Sirke food production p rogralEne The first agricultural carnpaign under this project took place in 1979-I98O. Financing for the three-year progranrne, estimated at 4Lg.06 million CFA francs, will be provided by the Fond s d'enEraide de I'entente and the Togolese Government' - Bassar and M6 int egrated rural developmen t Droiect The Bassar and M6 integrated rural development project is an extension of the SoToCo rr rural development project. 1t will cover all the cotton-Srowing areas, including the Bassar prefecture and the M6 zone, where specific measures, such as the construction of wel1s, roads and schools, will be undertakeo. Financing for the programne, which was launched at the end of L982 to cover a five-year period, will be provided by IDA, FAo and the Togolese Government. (b) Pro j ect s yet to be launched Fosse aux Lions development proiecE The feasibility srudy has been completed and financing is being sought. The following projects have been initiated in the area in southern Togo in which the onchocerciasis campaign is to be extended: I JPC4.4C page 5 - Hydro-agriculEural devel opment in the Mono Valley The hydro-agricultural development project for the lower reaches of the River Mono is a joint Project of the People's Republic of Benin and Togo. The project has a twofold objective: production of hydroelectric power from a dam on the River Mono (the Nangbeto dam) to provide a supply for the industrial areas of the two countries, and hydro-agricultural development of the fertile land in the lower Mono River Valley. A total of 15 IOO hectares of irrigated land will be developed in Togo. Financing will be provided by an international consortium headed by IBRD. Feasibility studies are in course of preparation. - Rural d lopment in eastern Mono Evaluation reports have been formulated for the project, and negotiations for its financing are proceeding. JPC4.4C Page 6 Tit le of proiect Location: Hi6 tory Projec t description: Date of approval: Cost of the project: Management structure: ANNEXES Project Progress rePorE and technical deEails of projects not yet 6tarEed Atchangbad6-Slrka food production Programe The Atchangbad6 zone is situated in the extreme south of the Kozah prefecture and the Sirka zone i.n the extreme south of the Binah prefecture. This prograrme is the second Project in Togo to come within the prograurne for the improvement of agriculture for food production in the States of the Conseil de 1'entente , formulated by the Soci6t6 d'etudes pour Ie developpemenE 6conomique et social (SEDES). The project is being implemented with USAID financing, retroceded Eo the Fonds d'entraide et de sarantle des emprunts of the States of the Conseil de l'entente. The funds are nade available to the Togolese Goverrunent through a sub-Ioan agreement between the Government and the Fonds d'entraide et de saranti.e A Louis Berger International Inc. mi.ssion in July 1977 helped to finalize the project, which will last for three years. The project has the followlng objectlves: - intensification of food crops through the use of animal traction and the adopEion of lmproved cultivation techniques; - increased farm incoues; - reducEion of agricultural imbalancesg - satisfaction of food needs. Following consideration in 1977 of the draft sub-loan agreement submitted by the Fonds d'entraide , Ehe document wa6 signed by the Ewo parties in June 1979 and the programe was launched during the 1979-1980 agricultural carnpaign. The cost of the project over a tlilo-year period is estimated af 419 061 3OO CFA francs, divided up as follows: Fonds d'entraide: 3L2 261 3OO CFA francs Togolese Government: 106 8OO OOO CFA francs The project is under an autooomous administration, assisEed by a USAID expert. Effective starting date: 1980. agrlcultural campaigns include : The results of the first two construction of the Director's office and dwe1llng; - construction of an office and dwelling for each area chief; - construction of a garaBe, a workshoPr 4 central store in each zone, Ewo drying areas and a stable at Atchangbad6; ?JPC4.4C page 7 opening of 8.7 kn of road; completion of 26 wells, with work proceeding on 13 further wells; land development at Atchangbad6: 32 ploEs of 86 hectares brought into cultivation 338 hectares under individual development brought into cultivatiot by 454 farm workers; land development aE Sirka; 368 farm workers have brought L73.25 hectares inEo cultivation - acquisition of 20 pairs of oxen and four Massey Fergusson tractors. The Fosse aux Lions development Project is situated in the Koulougona Valley, about 20 lrm south-wesE of Dapaong and some 7OO lcn north of Lom6, in the savanna region. Agriculture consists essentially of food production, mainly millet and sorghum (60% ot the culEivated area), followed by beans (3O%), then groundnuts t mALze and rice. The project has three mai.n comPonenEs' human wat,er supply, livesEock water supply and irrigation. IE consists of: Fosse aux Lions deve lopment project: Project description: The cultural development programe inc ludes lhe ssc 1e:egl1e"!!urg I proSralme: - a hydro-agriculEural development Progralxme; - a socio-agricultural prograrme. The Koumfab Dam, with a compressed earth wall- 57O m long at the top, retaining 8.2 million m' of vrater; - an irrigation system consisting of a feeder canal, a water inEake structure and a network of ditches; a comprehensive drainage system on the lower bed of the Koulougona. The work is due to last for four years, including year O. The prograsule covers: the settlement of families in the newly developed area, by tI^7O mean6 : ' extension of the existing farms in the area settlement of young people, with a view to improving production techniques, increasing productivity and the incomes of peasant farmers, and developing irrigated culEivation of food crops (rice, maize and sorghum) over 15OO hectares. These croPs were selected to take account of local needs, marketing possibilities, agricultural traditions and eating habits. JPC4.4C page 8 Tchiri zone development projec t Project objectives: Project description: The cost of the project (including taxes, sundries and unforeseen expenditure) is estimated at 2.188 billion CFA francs (au 1978 prices). An up-to-date study (1981-1982), made by FAC, is avai lab le . Ihe Tchiri project zone extends over nearly 3@O hectares in the south-east savanna region bordering the Oti, and has about 600 inhabitants, living in four vlllages: Tchiri, Bonsougou, Ganar6 and Tchatchalou. this zone fonns part of the territory recenEly freed from onchocerciasi.s, and its general physical charact.eristics give it. considerable potenEial for agricultural development. These characteristics are: soil suitable for rice cultivar.ion (aIluviat soil close to such $/atercourses as the River Oti and the River N'tan) orinmarshes' or for dry cultivation (emerged land). The development of the Tchiri zone has a twofold objecEive: - to increase producEion ln the zone, and to improve the living standards of che population by increasing incomes and establishing the necessary social infrasEructures(water points, roads, dlspensaries, schools, etc.). Ihe project comprises a number of activities aimed at: inEensified cultivation through improved conditions and cultivation meEhods (extension of pure cultivation, use of fertilizers, etc.); exEension of cultivaLed areas through the introduction of animal traction on 50 farms of 6.57 hectares and through improved orgatizaELon of work in the production units in the zone; diversification of agriculEural producEion through the intro- duction of market gardening in the zonel improved anirral feeding Ehrough the introducEion and develop- ment of forage crops such as s losanthes cilis in the producEion system; improved medical surveillance of animals (antiparasite campaign and vaccination campaign against Newcastle disease in poultry and against sheep plague). The imPlementation of these campaigns will be the responsibility of the animal healrh services in the area; the project also includes - a reforestation programne to meet the needs of the populaEion for firewood and timber; - a setElement programrne for the installat.ion of the necessary labour force to develop the land. A total of 126 additional families and 80 market gardeners from neighbouring villages and regions will be settled. During the period of steady operation, there will be a force of 2oo food-producing family units and 80 rrarket garden units - a total of 280 agricultural units. 7 Economic and financial aspects of the project: JPC4.4C page 9 - a substantial infrasEructural sector covering such activities as t.he construction of roads, schools and dispensaries and Ehe installation of water points. The cost of the project is estimated at 497 million CFA francs(a11 taxes included, in constant francs at the April l98l rate) The economic profitability rat,e is 20.86%. This rate does not take account of any cost or income variations. EasEern Mono rural development project Report of the preparatory mission The project covers the extreme north-east of the plateau area. IE is bounded on Ehe north-east by the edge of the region, on the south by the Kp6ssi Igboloudja road, on the $rest by the River I'lono and on the east by Ehe Benin border. Taking account of existing potenEialities and constraints, the following objectives might be established for the project: to increase the production of marketable foodstuffs, thus helping the country to become self-sufficient in food; to improve Lhe living conditions of the local population by increasing faurily incomes through increased agricultural production and establishment of basic infrastructures and social services; to promote a spirit of self-developmenE among the local population by such means as the gradual assumption by the rural populat,ion of responsibility for production or service support activities, which do not as yet existl to encourage the conservation of natural resources by improving the productive and economic results of their development; to help to relieve population pressure in the places of origin of families involved in the settlement PrograErne. In accordance \"rith t.he project objectives, the sectoral prograflme is inEended to cover: For this purpose, the project will encourage the inEroduction of improved varieties, antiparasite protection for crops and stored produce and a moderate use of fertilizers for nrai-ze, sorghum and ni6b6 (cowpeas). Since no specific technology is available for yams, action in Ehis case will be restricted to reconurending such general practices as disinfecEion of seed, weeding and careful storage. In the case of cotton, Ehe project will folIow techniques that have so far given highly favourable resu lts . Ihere will be a total labour force of 2OOO families, including 1600 families currently engaged in farming, who will come into the progratrme at a rate of 32O a year, and 4OO settlers, who will come in at Ehe rate of 1OO during the second year, 1OO during the third year and 2OO during the fourth year. Project area: Project objectives: Project description: (a) Intensified cultivation: JPC4.4C Page 10 (b) Infrastructural improvements: Economic and financial as cts of the ro ect TiEle of project.: Location HisEory: Project description: During the period of steady oPeration, the project is expected to produce 5280 tonnes of yams, 3330 tonnes of naize, 1453 tonnes of sorghum and 995 tonnes of cotton. Ihe cultivated area will be increased through the use of animal traction: 3OO pairs of oxen are to be purchased by farmers - 2OO by those currently engaged in farming (at a rate of 40 annually) and IOO by settlers (25 annually during the third and fourth years and 50 during the fith Year). fhese improvements wilI consist of the construction of: - IOO lcn of roads ; 20 boreholes (six during Ehe first year and seven annually during the second and third years); 20 small stor:es, each of 20 *2, fot the temPorary storage of fertilizers; one central store of 5OO o? rc take delivery of fertilizers or to be used for storage of produce; three groups of 10 snall sheds Lo be used for rrarkeEing PurPoses ; eight schools and two nel"l dispensaries; - an office, living accorunodaEion and mechani-c's workshop. The cost of the project amounts to L927.6 nlllion CFA francs(including unforeseen expenditure). Ihe profitability rate excluding any cost or income variations - Ls L2.5%. Kara Valley agricultural development oPeration Area on the right bank of the Kara, approximately 60 km north- west of Kara. fhe project was started in February 1974. First phase: February L974 - l(ay L977 (second EDF) (fourth EDF)Second phase: June 1977 - December 1978 third phase z L982 - L984 (fifth EDF) First and second phases the project is aimed at relieving congestion in the Kaby6 area by the transfer and settlement of families: 2OO in Ehe first phase and 8OO in the second phase. This activity is supported by such measures as the allocation of five hecEares of land to each peasant, esrablishment of infrastructures, suPPort services and inEensive measures such as the introduction of animal tracti.on, reforestation and beekeeping. Date of approval: Project cost: Financing: Management s truct.ure : Resulrs: (1974-1981) JPC4 .4C page 11 Third phase The objective of this phase is to consolidate and supplemenE the activities undertaken since L974 arld to carry out an extension of the project on the left bank of the Kara. IOOO families are to be settled. First phase, as defined by Financing Agreement No. 616 TO; Second phase, as defined by Financing AgreemenE No. 2063 TO; Technical assistance contract No.LTfL244, signed in 1977, in an amount of 101 486 OOO CFA francs, with the AGROPROGRXSS GI'IBH-BONN Research Office. Services of three technical assistants for four years; - SignaEure in 1981 of an agreement betvTeen the Government and CNCA for EDF credit management; - fhird phase, as defined by Financing Agreement No.3036/78. Total cost of the project for L974-L98lz 2 698 OOO ECU (75O OOO OOO CFA francs) (including 446 OOO ECU for unforeseen expendlture) Total for the first phase z 4lt 857 000 CFA francs Total for the second phase: 2L4 O87 8OO CFA francs Remainder, after payment of January 1982 account: 40 667 394 CFA francs. By EDF: assistance is to be given without reimbursement. DRDR Kara, assisted by AGROPROGRXSS experts responsible for providing implementation reports on Ehe projecE. Number of families settled: Developed land (hectares) : Rural roads (lcn) : Water points (depth 25 m ro 30 m): Stores : Growers' living acconrnodat.ion: Animal traction provided for Peasant farmers: Reforestation (hectares) : Apiaries (1980-1981): 92 out of 1OOO provided for 22L9 out of 2 5OO rr rr 110.3 ouE of I35 rr tr 63 out of 50 rr rr 30 out of 42 rr rr 279 or:t of 97O tr rr 597 oxen and accessories purchased, compared with 4OO provided for 130.65 out of 2OO provided for 40 JPC4.4C page 12 Cost of the proiect Amount of credit grant.ed: First and second ses Togo UNDP MISEREOR UNICEF WFP 479 775 383 CFA francs us$ 546 343 ($L = 227 cFA francs) 16 OOO OOO CFA francs 23 437 o5o cFA francs LZ 719 072 CFA francs Management structure Results: Amount of credit gra nted: third phase Iogo L 546 047 OOO CFA francs urlDp us$ 3 218 3I5 Autonomous administraEion provided by Togolese staff, first and second phases: Technical management Provided by FAO expert. third phase: Technical management Provided by Togolese staff. Results obtained during the period L977 - AugusE 1982: Number of peasants brought into prograrune: 6 373 Number of draught oxen available: 57L Number of sheep tended z 2 433 Number of hectares of improved pastureland 164 LengLh of road surface improved, refilled or r-esurfaced (lcn) : 274 Length of newly-opened roads (krn): 2L9 Number of works carried out: fords 10 culverts L7 water channels 67 Wells and channels dug: 59 Deep borings: 78 I{ells and borings equipped with pumps: 58 Rural warehouses t 15 Grain rnills ',, L2 Plantings: Fruit trees (No.; 8 910 Trees for reforestation (No.1 27 2OO Rural medico-social centres: In operation: 1 Under construction: 2 9Latrine construcEion: Title of project: Location: History: Pro t descri tion: Date of approval: USAID animal traction project. JPC4.4c page 13 Kara area. Project initiated i,n 1979 by USAID. The first phase (L979-1982) covers the Kara region. In the second phase (1982-1987), extension of the operation is envisaged in the Kara and Savanna Regions. At the national level, USAID will contribute, during Ehe second phase, to Ehe establishment of a national structure for the mainEenance of animal traction activities under the animal promotion ( Promoti.on de la t ractlon animale (PROPTA)) projecr. The project will also have the financial participation of EDF and the Togolese Government. Roneotype documents relating to Ehe Ewo phases are available. Flrst phase: The objectives are: - Training of craftsmen, peasant trainers, and loca1 veterinary officers. - Purchase and breaking-in of oxen. - Anirral traction technique support services. - Extension of the cultivable area from two hectares to five hectares per family. Second phase: Role of the project in PROPTA activities At the national level collection, analysis and dissemination of animal traction data surveillance and evaluation of the various aspect.6 of animal traction preparation of training progranmes for supporE service and training staff - harmonizat.ion of che national credit system - national supply of draught animals At the regional level animal traction support service assistance, arrangements for credit provision and improvement of technical support services for peasants. First phase: Signature, on 2 April L979, of an aid agreement between the Republic of Togo and the UniEed StaEes of America, through the United StaEes Agency for International Development (usArD). Second phase: Agreement in principle by USAID to finance the second phase of the project I JPC4.4C Page 14 CosE of the projecE: Financing: Management sEructure: Results Title of project History: First phase: The amount of credit provided is US$ 600 OOO. Second phase: The cost of technical and financial assistance for the project is US$ 5 million, including US$ 2 million for bringing the PROPTA project l-nto operaEion. The Togolese counterPart contribution amounts to US$ 1.7 rnl1lion. First phase: 1980-1982 Financing obtained: 148 221 million CFA francs, including 65 750 million CFA francs from IBRD and 82 463 million CFA francs from USAID. ltre project has an autonomous administration provided by Togolese staff, assisted by USAID experts. The results of the l98O-1981 campaign are: - purchase of 60 draught anime ls - purchase of 30 smaIl r^ragons and 3O mulEicultivators - distribution of 18 pairs of oxen - training of 56 peasants - planting of 15OO plants of various varieties - establishment of the following infrastructures: one veterinary block (12 m x 6 m) one 2O-bed dormitory for apprentices (30 m x 12 m) one implement shed (20 m x 6 m) tl^7o cattle sheds (24 m x 6 m) one workshop, one offlce, two boreholes. Development of the Nami616 Plain. The project for the developnent of the Nami616 Plain is part of the major prograrme for Ehe development of the Oti Va1ley. The following studies have been made on this valley: SEDES study; Inventory of resources and prograrmring for the development of Ehe Oti Va11ey, financed jointly by UNDP and Togo; Study on the development of the lower Oti Valley (carried out in June 1976 by the Soci6t6 de recherche o 6rationnelle et d'6conomie appliqu6e soRcA) ) . The study related to the implementaEion of a water resources programne for agricultural, pastoral and industrial purposes, coverl-ng 106 OOO hectares and requiring an investment of 56 billion CFA francs. It was decided to divide the programne into three projects, for the development of the Mandourl Plain, the Tchiri Plain and the Nami616 Plain respectively. JPC4.4C page 15 Ihe feasibility study for the Nami6l6 Plain was completed in 1980 by the Universal Engineering Finance Corporation (UNEFICO) The project for the development of the Nami616 Plain relates to the development of an area to the north-east of Mango, watered by the 0Ei. Consolidated studies have already been made, and additional, more recent and more intensive studies have also been carried out, focusing on three main axes of development: - development of virgin land through the gradual improvement of extensive natural pastureland and Ehe establishment of a large-scale indusErial beef production unit; - development of a vast hydro-agricultural area through the construction of a dam and reservoir on a tribut,ary of the Oti (the River Nami616); restoration and modernization of peasant farms within the project area; the area to be developed covers approximately 50 OOO hecEares. The objectives are: - establishment of a mixed cat.tle ranch (for breeding and meat production), on which 6000 head of cattle will be kept on 15 OOO hectares of natural savanna and savanna improved by the use of stylosanthes, with the necessary infrastrucEures; - construction of a polyvalent slaughterhouse, with a buEcher's shop and cannery; development of the peasant sector by: . establishing a modern system of rai-n-fed cultivation based on careful rotation . promoting animal traction improving undeveloped marshland by development of rain-fed culEivation promoting sma11 stockbreeding (pigs) and cattle breeding. Date of approval: Cost of the project: Signature of a contract between the Government. of the Republic of Togo and Universal Engineering and Finance Corporation (UNEFICO) ot 29 June 1978, when TNEFICO was made responsible for producing an in-depth study of the Nami6l6 basin area. The cost of che first phase of the project amounts to 3 73O 478 O74 CFA francs, of which 3 170 878 O74 CFA francs is to be financed by UNEFICO, and 559 600 OOO CFA francs by a Togolese counterpart. contribution. JPC4.4C page 16 Management structure: Imp lementatlon: The project has an auEonomous administrative and financial s tructure. fhe project was effectively launched it 1979, and the following achievements vrere made during the same year: - reconstruction of the Eyad6ma Dam and bringing inEo cultivation of the irrigated area; establishment of an experimental farm for culEivation in emerged areas; establishment of the initial infrastructures necessary for the stockbreeding sector (sorting centre, 150 hectares of pasture, night pens); initial purchase of cattle (3OO head of cattle, including 2OO of the N'Dama breed, and cross-breeds); plan for observation and inquiries among the peasants with a view to determining means of action suited to the project s t.ructure. In 1980 - the consolidation Year carried out: the following activities were experiments with cul-tivatioo in emerged areas; further cattle purchases to supplement the first batch; constitution of the first village grouPs Eo receive their initial equipmenE. The cost of the activities carried out in 1979-1980 amounted to 8OO 620 OO0 CFA francs. 1981 was the year of rapid take-off, with the following results: - an excellent off-season rice harvest; increased fornaEion of village grouPs, together with a growEh in demand for draught oxen (24 pairs at the start of the growing season); ranch infrastructure under consEruction; construction of a dam to provide village waEer supplies. The Government's decision in May 1981 to establish an animal reserve alI along the River Oti, however, deprived the project of its fertile land and displaced several- villages, thus compromising the achievements of the project. - a refugee assistance Progralnme was irunediately making it possible to provide for 2OO hectares established, of ti1lage. I Title of project: History i::: i; In view of the difficulties faced by the project, its objectives must be revised and the initial development concept changed. Efforts are being made to maintain the activities not affected by the decision of May 1981. From the audience granted Eo Ehe project authorities by the President of the Republic on 11 October 1981, it transpires that the project for a dam to provide irrigated cultivation of rice in the Tchangaga - Borgon - new road triangle, forming part of the overall Nami616 project, is unaffected, and may continue. No dwellings are allowed in the area, however, and hunting is also prohibited. The estimated cosE of resettling the peasants affected by Ehe decision amounts to: - approximaEely 25 OOO OOO CFA francs in 1981; - approximately lOO OOO OOO CFA francs in 1982. It is understood that UNEFICO is to reduce its activities to the level necessary only to maintain what has already been achieved. - There will therefore be little or no expansion in stockbreeding. Ihe infrastructures will be maintained, but with no significant expans ion. - Construction of Ehe slaughEerhouse has been cancelled. - Training, technical assisEance and support services will be designed only to ensure the survival of the project, at its present level for L982, L983 and 1984. UNEFICO and the Togolese Government will confer at regular intervals with a view either to a return to the original plans or to reversion to the Government's project. In Ehe latEer case, a minimal amount of technical assistance mighE be provided by UNEFICO under the GovernmenE's plan, outside the contract of 29 June 1978. Intensified farming operation in the Savanna Region. 1977:. RequesE by Togo for the allocati.on of fourth EDF credits for the development of the coEton-growing.areas, to be financed henceforth by IBRD, FAO and Togo. Following consultations beEween EEC and Togo, IRAT and IRCT prepared a st,udy in L977 entitled: Project for the implemenEation of a pilot intensified farming operation in the Savanna Region. The features of the project, which is not a traditional type of project, are: preliminary extension service acEivities and development of expanded extension service techniques and systems, for which I[U\T and IRCT will be the executing agencies. 1978t Reformulation of the basic project by Togolese services; extension of fhe project area from four to six districts, Ehe cost remaining unchanged at 1.3 billion CFA francs, spread over a five-year period. I L9792 Preparation of the final financing document. I JPC4 .4C page 18 Proi ec E description: Da te of approval: Cost of the project: Proj ect management s tructure Project achievements: Objective: To develop an improved systeE of farming models and structures suitable for adoption and distribution throughout the regionl to Promote anirnal traction fot 25OO farms covering an area of 12 OOO hectares in the west of the Region. OperaEions for implementati.on ConsEruction of a central store, 20 further stores , 45 water points, some 30 of which are in course of excavation. Develop- menE of 190 lcn of roads, rice cultivation substructures and a I5O-hectare land reclamation PrograElne. Construction and fitCing ouE of living accotmtodat.ion and offices. Derivery of 1600 pairs of oxen and farm equiprurent' Provision of five motor vehicles and 32 motorized bicycles. Establishment of a 25-hectare demonstration cenEre and six piloE farms. Anticipa Eed effects of the projecE Intensification of agriculEural production. production could amount to: Annual additional 13OO tonnes of cereals 2OOO tonnes of groundnuts 1OOO tonnes of cotton Ihis represents a substantial increase in rural lncomes. December 1979, when the financing agreement between the EEC and Togo was signed. Overall cost: L472 mi-LLion CFA francs EDF grant: I4OO million CFA francs Togo's conEribution: 72 million CFA francs Duration of project: 5 Years DRDR for the Savannas. The project has an autonomous financial and accountancy structure. Situation at the beginning of the third agricultural camPaign, 1982- 1983. Coverage: Number of districts covered: Number of sub-sectors: Number of teachers: Total farming developments : Intensive farming developments : Area of each farming development (hectares) Area of narshland ti1led by mechanlcal means (hectares) Degree of peasant receptivity: satisfactory 6 6 50 3L92 1630 6 ! 300 IRefores tation: Problems: JPC4.4C page 19 AnisEl traction Pairs of oxen: 1011, of which 4L7 aLready exist Multicultivators: 925, of which 386 already exist Snrall wagons 69, of which 45 already exist. Use of nat,ural phosphates in Togo 480 tonnes were distributed free of charge Eo peasants in 1982 for use as basic fertilizer. Inf ras truct,ures : Living accormrodation: 4 buildings out of 6 completed Rural roads: 5O lan of roads completed by the end of 1982 Stores: 4 completed, 5 under consErucEion Wells: 3 wel1s dug, one being sunk Other buildings: one school for three classes at Sissiak one Director's house one dispensary one nurse 's house Tanti6go Centre: restored for training of apprentices Establishment of CERMCA - Centre r6gional de montage de mat6riel de culture attel6e fonctione l: Assembly and painting of prefabricated rooms by UPROI,IA; 20O multicultivators assembled by the end of 1982. Variety performance test at the end of one year; Programme for the planting of 30 hectares of acacia and eucalyptus. Animal deaths registered during the first two campaigns: 56 Thefts of animals: 5 Debts occasioned by various causes, including deaths and thefts: 823 924 CFA francs. ,