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PaOoTHHKaM HanneJICHT npenocTaBHTb B03MOllO-IOCTH nJJR pa3BHTHR, a TaKllte nJifl 3aKpenJieHHR H coaepllleHCTBOBaHHR npo¢ecCHOH3J1bl-lblX H3BblKOB. 2) lilTaTHoe pacrntcaHHe. npH nnaHHPoaaHHH paOOTbl H COCTaBJJeHHH lllT3THOf'O pacnHCaHHR ,llOJlJIOibl yqHTl,IBaTbCR B03MOl!HOCTH pa3MebleHHR paOoTHHKOB B COOTBeTCTBHH C HX llteJiaHHeM H coxpatteHHR HMH nonyqeHHLIX H3B~KOB. Cne.uyeT H36aBJ1RTb monefl OT MOHOTOHHOH CK;"IHOA paooru H Ctr paCioTLI Y CTaHKa HJIH KOHBeiiepa, He ,llOnyCKaJOJlleH H3MeHeHHH PHTMa. XapaKTep paOom noJll!eH npe.uyCMaTPHBaTb Pa3Hoo6pa3He onepaUHA, KOHTaKThl C .npyrnMH JUO,llbMH, nOHHMaHHe B33HM033BH- CHMOCTH Me~ wnoJIHReMblMH onepaUHRMH, a TaKllte HH¢opMaUHIO paOoTHHKOB O npoH3BOnCTBeHHLIX TJ)eOOBaHHRX H pe3y.rn,TaTaX H oOpaTHOH CBR3H. 3) CHCTeMbl nnaHHpoBaHHR H KOHTpoJlR (HanpHMep, aBTOMaTI-NeCKHe CHCTeMbl o6paOOTKH )laHHLIX). PaOoTHHKH HJIH HX H36paHl-lble npencTaBHTeJIH noJlllHbl Ci.lTb HH¢0PMHP0Bal-lbl o6 Hcno.rn,3yeMblX CHCTeMaX TTJlaHHpoBaHHR H KOHTpoJlR H oOo acex H3MeHeHHRX B 9THX CHCTeMaX. 'HM Ha,wJeJICHT o6ecneqffTb nonrarOBKY, Heo6XOnHMYJO nJJR nOHHMaHHR npHHUHna neHCTBHR TaKHX CHCTeM, H npenOCTaBHTb npaBO npHHHMaTb Y'J3CTHe B HX npoeKTHpoBaHHH. 4) Paoora, CBR3aHHaR C PHCKOM. Cne.rn,HaR OOJJaTa TPYna H aHanorw-lHble ¢opMbl onnam He noJlllHbl npHMeHRTbCR TaM, rne 9TO MOllteT npHBecTH K CHHllteHHJO ypoBHR Oe3onaCHOCTH. 8 lilBeUHH TPYnoaoe 3aKOHonaTeJ1bCTBO BBOnHTCR nBYMR 9TanaMH. HOBblH 3aKOH O KOHTpoJie 33 COCTORHHeM [lj)OH3BOnCT- BeHHOH cpe.Jl,I BCTYnHJl a CHJIY 1 HIOJIR 1978 rona. 3TO qepHOBOH aapHaHT, conep&ablHA oC'lltHe nonollteHHR, HanpHMep nonollteHHR o TOM, qTO YCJIOBHR paOoThl noJlllHbl COOTBeTCTBOBaTb ¢H31-NeCKHM B03MOlltHOCTRM H yMCTBeHHblM alOCOOHOCTRM qeJJOBeKa HO TOM, qTo xaP3KTep paCioTLI nomeH npe.uycMaTPHBaTb nJJR caMHx pa6oTHHKOB B03MOlKHOCTb BJlHRTb Ha pa6oqyl0 OOCTaHOBKy. 27 3aKOH npHMeT OKOH4aTeJlbHYID <f>opMy, KOr.na OH 6yneT nonoJ1HeH nonollteHHRMH H3 .llBYX HCT04HHKOB: peK0MeHna1..01H CoBeTa no npO<peCCHOHaJlbHOH (3e3onacHOCTH H rHrHeHe H, 4TO ocoOeHHO BallHO nnR o xpaHb( nCHXH4eCKOro 3nopOBbR, 3aKOHa O cornacoaa.HHH pe01eHHH c npcxf>coID3HblMH ne.RTenRMH Ha npe.unpHR- THRX. 3TOT 3aKOH TPe6yeT, 4TOObl npencTaBHTeneH npcxf>cOID30B Ha Bcex YPOBHRX HH<f>oPMHPOBaJlH o6 ycnoBHRX TPY.na Ha pa6o4HX MeCTax. MecTHb(e npcxf>combl HMeIDT npaao BeCTH C PYKOBO.llHTe- JIRMH npe.unpHRTHH neperOBOpbl no .rnoCioMy BOnpocy, KaCalOIIleMyCR nonollteHHR HX 4neHOB . Ha 3aaonax H cf>a6pHKaX PYKOBO.llHTenH noJIJICHbl cornaCOBblBaTb C paOOTHHKaMH ace npe.JibRBnReMble K HHM Tpe6oBaHHR. noKa eme CJIHlllKOM paHO cy .llHTb O cpaBHHTeJlbHblX npeHMy- DtecTBax HOpBelltCKOro H ll!BencKoro 3aKOHonaTeJlbCTBa. Ha 6yMare DtBencKoe 3aKOHOnaTeJlbCTBO BblrJlR.llHT Oonee rH6KHM. OHO npenocTaBnReT pa6oTa10lllHM B03MOllHOCTb pa3ne.rrnTb OTBeTCT- BeHHOCTh C PYKOBoncTBOM H npORBHTb CBOH cnoco6HOCTH. TpeTHli npHMep - 3aKOH o6 oxpaHe 3nopoBbR HaceneHHR, npHH.RTblH B lJCCP B 1966 rD.IIY H HanpaBneHHblH Ha o6ecne4eHHe 6naronony'tflffl H ncHXlf4ecKoro 3nopoBbR paOo'!Hx. CooTBeTcT- BYIDlllHe pa3neJlbl 3aKOHa npHBeneHbl HHllte. Pa3nen 35. "Pa6o'!He H cnyllte6Hb1e noMe111eHHR, M.a!JJHHbl H o6opynoaaHHe, TeXHononNecKHH npouecc H apraHH3al..UiR TPYna, ycnOBHR pa6oThl H .upyrHe ycnoBHR Ha npOH3BOnCTBe noJlJIO-lbl rap- MOHHPOBaTb C B03MOllHOCTRMH 4enoBeKa, ,llaHHblMH eMy err npHPQ- .Ilbl , nonmihl He TOJlbKO 3alllHillaTh pa0o4HX err naryOHblx ao3neHcT- BHH, 4Pe3MepHblX H HenOCHJlbHblX )l1IR 4enoBe4ecKOI'O apraHH3Ma Harpy30K, HOH no B03MOJIHOCTH cnoco6CTBOBaTb YKPenneHHID HX 3nOpoBbR, a Ta.Kllte pa3BHTHIO HX TBOp4ecKHX cnoco6HOCTeH". Pa3nen 38. "3nopoBbe paOo'!Hx nomHo HaXO.llHThCR non nocTORHHblM KOHTponeM C Y4eTOM ycnOBHH HX TPY na, H Ha OCHO- BaHHH naHHhlx Ha6moneHHR noJIJICHbl nenaTbCR BblBO.ll>I c ueJlbID H3MeHeHHR '.3THX ycnOBHH, a TaKllte YKpenneHHR 3nopOBbR ruoneH; nnR '.3TOro 6y nyT BblneneHbl HeoOXO.JlHMb(e MaTepHan&I H npHH.RTbl Ha,llJlelltamHe opraHH3al..UiOHHb1e Mepbi ". K paOoTe Ha MecTax, rne oco6eHHO BenHK PHCK Hec4aCTHblX cny~aeB, npo¢ecCHOHaJlbHblX 3a6oneBaHHH, HHTOKCHKa1..01H, ncHXH- 4ecKHX pacCTpoHCTB H ..apyrHX ape,IIHblX )l1IR 3nopoBbR nocne.ocT- BHH, pa3pe111aeTCR npHBneKaTb TOJlbKO JJHU, npaae,.IIJIHX 28 OOR3aTeJlbHblH npe.aaapHTeJlbHblH Me,JlHUHHCJ<HH OCMOTP, B .aaJlbHeH- llleM OHH ,OOJllfJ-ibl npOXO.llHTb nepHO.mNecKHe OCMQTPbl. TaKHe paOo'llie MecTa .llOJillCHbl Cl,!Tb nepe'iHCJJeHbl B cneUHallbHblX HHCTPYKUHRX JlHOO B3R'Il>I Ha Y'{eT c.nyi,;Oa.MH npo<f>ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHb1". 8.2 Corna.uieHHR Mell.UY npe.anpHHHMaTeJJRMH H npocj)cOI03aMH noMHMO 3aKOHO,OaTeJlbCTBa, CHCTeMbl Ol1JlaTbl TPy.aa, YCJJOBHR TPY.aa H pa3JJH'-{Hble Jlb,OTbl .IlJ1FI paOO'lliX pernaMeHTHPYITTCR CO,JlallleHHRMH Mell,IlY npe.llJlPHHHMaTeJIRMH H npo¢col03aMH; 9TH corna.uieHHR TaKJle MO.YT cnocoOc:TBOBaTb YKPenneHHIO 3,0opOBbR, ¢H3H'iecKOMy, nCHXH'iecKOMY H COUHaJlbHOMY OnaronOJJY'iHlO paOOTalOlllHX. 8. 3 POTlb CJJyllO f1PO<l)ecCHOHa.rtbHOH rnrneHbl H .npyrnx opraHH3 aUHH B 9TOM acneKTe BaJIHO pacCMOTpeTb poJlb CJIYJl6 npo¢eccHO- HaJlbHOH rHrHeHbl H, B 'iaCTHOCTH, aonpcx:: 0 CO'ieTaHHH 3HaHHH H OflblTa ee nepcoHaJJa co 3HaHHRMH H alhlTOM npe,acTaBHTeJJeH .apyrnx oprattH3aUHH. 8 <t>HHJJRH.IIHH HOBblH 3aKOH o6 oxpaHe 3,0QpOBbR Ha npoH3- BO.llCTBe (1979) y,aeJJReT MHOro BHHMaHHR HHTerpaUHH npO<J)HJJaK- TH'iecKOH pa6oTbl C .IIPYrHMH BH.aaMH .aeRTeJlbHOCTH Ha YPOBHe OT,aeJlbHbIX npe.anpHRTHH. Ylikoski H Rantanen (12) pa3pa60Ta- J1H cneUHaJibHyIO Mo.aeJlb, KOTopaR npe.acraaneHa a Ta6JIHue. B nepBOH KOJJOHKe nepe'iHCJleHbl B03MOJIHble npo6JJeMbl, no.nnellamHe KOHTPOJUO C ueJiblO oxpal-lhl nCHXH'ieCJ<oro 3,00pQBbR H oOecne'ieHHR Y.OOBJleTBopeHHOCTH paOOTOH. Bo BTOpoH KOJJOHKe nepe'lliCJJeHbl Mepbl, KOTopbl MOmiO npHlfflTb .IlJ1FI npe,aOTBpameHHR, perueHHR HJJH npeo.aoneHHR 9THX npoOneM. 8 TpeTbeH KOJJOHKe nOKa3aHa cpaBHHTeJlbHaR poJib nepcoHana c.nyll6 npo¢eccHOHaJlb- HOH rHrHeHbl (B conOCTaBJJeHHH C poJlblO npe.acraBHTeJJeH .IIPYI"'HX opraHH3aUHH). XOTR npHBe.aeHHble nepe'iHH npo6JJeM H Mep, HanpaaneHHblX Ha HX penieHHe, Hellb3R C'-{HTaTb HC'-{eprnIBaJOIIIHMH, OHH Harmun-10 HJJJilOCTPHPYITT H,aeIO HcnOTlb30BaHHR 3HaHHH, OTHO- CRlllHXCR K pa3JIH'-{HblM OOJlaCTRM B npQ¢HJ1aKTil'ieCJ<OH pa6o're. B nocne.lll-leH KOJlOHKe nepe'lliCJleHbl 3aKOHbl H cO,JJallleHHR, KOTOpble onpe,aeJJRITT HanpaaneHHR H npe,ae.11,1 npO<J)HJJaKTH'iecKHX MeponpHRTI!H. 29 w 0 npo0JleMbl Ucm1 opra1111 3a LUt11 ( 1) K.JrnHaT e o pra11113a- UH11 (2) no1111Ma tt11c uene it ( 3) Pa601.111 e corna.we tmR (4) Oco6we Tpe6oeattHR K pa6oTe (5) Pa601.1He H3rpy3KII It epeAHOCTII ( 6) Pa60THHKH, 8 COCTORHHH KOTOpblx HMC~TCR HeKOTo- pble OTJ<nOHCIIHR OT HOpHbl (7) Anxoron113M (8) ncuxocoMaT114ecKHe CltMOTOMbl (9) CttMnTO Mbl OCHXHl.leCKHX paccT pO HCTB II 3a6one- 83Hllfi (10) Opo6neMbl ncHxw-1ecxoro 6naronony"1Ulf Ha paOO"IHX HecTax Mepw, Hanpaenettttwe Ha pewettHe npo6neM Opram13a1.1,110H11oe pa3BHTHe ( 1, 2) nanunuca ynpaene HHR K3AP3MH ( 2) CTHJlb PYKOBoncTea (2) Pa3BHTHe K3APOB (2,)) 06[1\eHHe, HH4}0pM31J,IIR (2,)) fl.na1-mpoeattHe, neperoeopw (4) WTaTHOe pacnttca1111e (5,6) Pa3Hellletttte Ha pa601111x Mec Tax (5,6) WTaTnoe pacn11ca1me, pea6u- mtT31.lHR, nepeeon Ha APYroe pa6o"lee HecTo (7) Hanpaenettue K epa1.1y, HaOmcme11He (8) KOHCynbTaUJfJI co cneiu1anHCTOM, HanpaeneHHe Ha ne~eHHe (9, 10) C¢,epa KOHneTeHLJ,HH 3axoHw u cornawett11A C4'epa KoHne- Tem.urn nepco- Hana cny•O npo4>ecCHOH&nb- HOA rHr>teHbl Cct,epa KOMne- TeHwrn pyxo- 3aKOH O COTpynHtt4 e CTDe (1 - 4) eoncTea, Cornawe11 He o npenocTaene ttnH oTnena Kanpoe , 11uct,o pHa1urn ( J) nepeu4110H op- ra11113au1111 u 06'be,[lH H eH1tblX J<OHHTeTOB Co rn.:1weuue o npo u 3 uonc Tue11- HOM 06y1.1e11101 H n on r·oT OOK e (3) 3aKOlt oO oxpa 11 e ,·py.u.a (4-0) 3aKOII oO oxpa,,e 3,nopOBbA 11 a npOH3BOACTBe (4 -1 0) CornacHo .naHHOH Mo.nem-i, npooneMb1 onpe.neneHHR ueneH opraHH3aUHH H npo6neMbl BHYTPeHHero Km-iMaTa ne;,,;aT BHe apephl KOMneTeHUHH cny;,,;6 npcxj)eCCHOHa.JU,HOH rHrneHhl. 3TH npo6neMb1 peroaxrrcR Ha YPOBHe PYKOBO,UCTBa, OT.nena Ka.npoB H ool>e.m-iHeH- HblX KOMHTeTOB npe.ncTaBHTeneH a.IlMHHHCTPaUHM pa6o'iHX H CflYJl';aJIJHX, O.DHaKO HHTerpatllffl .neRTe.JU,HOCTH cny;,,;6 npo(j)ecCHOHa.JU,HOH rnrneHhl c .neRTem,Hocn,10 3THX opraHH3aUHH HrpaeT BaJIHYIO pom, B nnaHHPQBaHHH paOOThl H COCTaBneHHH IIlTaTHOf'O pacnHCaHHR. POJlb nepcoHana cny;,,;6 npo¢ecCHOHa.JU,HOH rnrneHbl noBbllilaeTCR, KOr,na BCTaeT oonpoc O paneHHH npo6neM, CBR3aHHblX C OCOQ,[MH TPe6oBaHHRMH K pa6oTe H C wnontteHHeM onacHOH HJ'll-1 HanpmteH- HOH paOOTbl. 4TO KacaeTCR npoOneM, B03HHKaIOmHX Ha HH,m-IBH.ny- am,HOM YPOBHe, TO 3,Uecb OCHOBHY!O OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a HX perueHHe HecyT pa6oTHHKH c.ny;,,;6 npo(j>ecCHOHa.JU,HOH rnrneHbl, HO H B 9TOM cnyqae OHH ,UOmu-fbl .neHCTBOBaTb COBMeCTHO C npe.ncTaBHTenRMH ,npyrnx apraHH3aUHH, TipHHRTblH B ct>HHnRH,UHH 3aKOH o6 oxpatte 3,UOpoBbR Ha npoH3BO,UCTBe ocooo no~epKHBaeT 3HaqeHHe nepBHqffOH npo(j)H- naKTHKH B ycnOBHRX paooqeH o0cTaHOBKH. B COOTBeTCTBHH C 9THM 3aKOHOM nepeooqepe,UHOH 3a,naqeH cny;,,;6 npo(j)ecCHOHa.JU,HOH rnrneHbl RBnReTCR HamoP 3a COCTORHHeM npoH3BO.UCTBeHHOH cpe.lll,l, HH,IleHTH<f)HKaUHR H oueHKa Pa3flHqHblX epe,UHbIX Jl}lR 3,UOpoBbR <f)aKTopoB, B TOM q1,1cne H ncHXOflO['HqecKHX, CBR3aHHblX C ycnOBHRMH paOoThl, a TaKie KOHTPQ.JU, 3a HHMH. XOTR B HaCTORlllee BpeMR OCHOBHoe BHHMaHHe no-npe)l';HeMY y,nenReTCR XHMHqecKHM H <f)H31NecKHM <f)aKTOpaM, a TaKie KJlaCCINecKHM npo6neMaM 3pf'OHOMHKH, npe.narBpatlleHHe B03,UeHCTBHH, OTPHua- rem,Ho CKa3hlBaIOlllHXCR Ha nCHX!NecKOM 3,UOpoBbe, paccMaTPH- BaeTCR KaK caMaR rnaBHaR 3a,naqa Ha 6m-i;,,;aHIJlee .necRTHneTHe. QqeHb Ba)l';HO nepeBecTH HaJ<onneHHb1e HayqH1>1e 3HaHHR Ha R3hlK npaKTHqecKHX peKOMeH.naUHH no npo(j)HnaKTINecJ<OH pa6oTe H nOBhlCHTb ypoBeHb 3HaHHH nepcoHana cnyI6 npo(j)eccHOHa.JU,HOH rnrneHbl, a TaKie m-iu, OTBeTCTBeHHblX 3a COCTORHHe npOH3BO,U- CTBeHHOH cpe,Ubl Ha npe,nnpHRTHRX, nyTeM HX o6yqeHHR. 31 9. TIPOI'l?AMMhl oo.urarosKH 9.1 Pa6o'&le, PYKOBO,llHTe.Jll,j H npencTaBHTe.Jll,j pa6oqHX 0,lll-la H3 HeOTn01Kl-lb(X 3anaq 3aKJ110qaeTCR B TOM, qToCit,( paOo'&le OBnane.Jll,j 3HaHHRMH, Heo6XO,llHMblMH .[lJ1R noHHMaHHif npoO- neM, B03HHKaJOMHX BCnencTBHe B03neHCTBHR Bpe,llHblX .[lJ1R 3nopo- BbR nCHXOCOUHaJlbHblX <!)al<TOPOB npOH3BoncrseHHOH cpe,u,1, C TeM qTo6bJ MO,nH ITPHHHMaTb yqacTHe B ycTaHOBneHHH KOHTPOJlR 3a 3THMH <!)al<TopaMH, ,UJlR 9TO,O tfY;i!Hhl nporpaMMbl OOIIleH non,OToB- KH, TaKHe nporpaMMbl MO.YT 0,(Tb cocraBJleHbl no TOMy lie ITPHH- UHilY, qTo H nporpaMMbl no,nrOTOBKH no TeXHHJ<e Oe3onacHOCTH, PYKOBO)lHTeJlRM H npencTaBHTeJlRM pa6o'&IX HYllHa Oonee HHTeHCHBHaR nonrOTOBKa. Bonpoc O COCTaBneHHH nporpaMM nonrOTOBKH Ha.IlJlellGIT pacCMOTpeTb MCYr H 803, KOTOPbJe noJIEiLI opraHH30BaTh COOTBeTCTBYIOblYIO paoory B rocy)lapc-raax-qneHax. 9.2 PaOOTHHKH cnyJ16 rJPO(j>ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl Y~eHHe KaqecTBa JIGl3HH H o6ecneqeHHe OnarononyqHR pa6o'&IX Tpe6yIOT oco6b!x 3HaHHH H HaBbIKOB. Bo-nepBblX, BpaqaM H Me,llHUHHCKHM ceCTPaM o6(uero ITPCXl>HJlR, COCTORlllHM B MTaTe cnyJ16 npex1>ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl, Heo6XO,llHMO ITPOHTH nonroToB- KY B 3TOH o6naCTH, qToCJ.I HMeTh Oonee qeTKoe npencTaBneHHe 0 npo6neMax, C KOTOPblMH OHH CTOnKHYTCR B CBoeH noBCe,lll-leBHOH pa60Te. Bo-BTOPblX, cneUHanHcraM no nosenetNeCKHM HayKaM, oco6eHHO TeM, KTO 3aHHMaeTCR oonpocaMH OCHXOJlOrHH H COUHO- norHH, HYlleH Oonee BblCOKHH ypoBeHb 3HaHHH, HM Heo6XO,llHM cneUHaJlbHblH Kypc nonraroBKH, Oonee cnollHLIH, qeM nonroTOBKa BpaqeH OCio!ero ITPCXl>HnR H Me.llHUHHCKHX cecTep. YTOCi.l oOecne- 1.JHTb TaKYIO nonrOTOBKY, MOJIHO H3CipaTb O,llHH H3 cnenyIOMHX TpeX nyTeH: 32 1) BKJ1l0'&1Tb B CipH,any ITPCXl>eCCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl KBanH~HUHPOBaHHoro cneUHanHcra no nosenetNecKHM HaYKaM; 2) no cornauieHHIO Mellny PYKOBoncTBOM H pa6o'&IMH npHrnaCHTb Ha paOoTY KOHcyJlbTaHTOB; 3) q),aHH30BaTb .[lJ1R BpaqeH-rnrneHHCTOB KYPCbl nonrOTOB- KH B o6nacrH noBenetNeCKHX HaYK c ocoCWM ynopoM Ha oxpatfY nCHXHqecKoro 3nopOBbR C TeM, qToC5t,J B )laJlb- HeHJlleM OHH caMH MO,nH .naBaTb KOHcyJlbTaUHH no CBR3aHHblM C HeH npoOneMaM. 803 MO:tCeT OKa3aTb npaBHTeJlbCTBaM n:x:y.napcTB-4neHOB nOMOII!b, npHHFIB y4aCTHe B pacnpoc~HeHHH cpe,llH pa6oTHHKOB CJIY:tC6 npo¢ecCHOHaJibHOH rnrneHhl HH<f)opMaUHH O CBR3H Me~ ycnoBHRMH pa6oTbJ, 3nopoBbeM H Onarono~eM, a TaK:tCe a COCTaaneHHH nnaHOB nonroTOBKH cneUHaJYHCTOB nocne npenaap1-iTeJ1bHOro onpeneneHHR HX <l>YHKUHH H npe,rtbRBnReMblX K HHM TPe6oBaHHH. Heo6XO,llHMO, 4To0bt 803 H Mar HaJla,llH.11H COTpy nHH4eCTBO a paspaOoTKe nporpaMM nOWOTOBKH. 10. I'PYIIllli BOCOKOfO PHCKA 10.1 J!Hua, HMe10011-1e HenOCTanrn, H ,IIpyrne rpyrnlbl COCTORHHe 3Ha4HTeJ1bHOH 4aCTH paCioraI01Uero HaceneHHR B eeponeHCKHX crpattax HMeeT HeKOTopwe OTKnoHeHHR OT HOPMbl, B CBR3H C 4eM HX Onaronony1.rne Ha pa6oTe HaxO,llHTCR non yrpo- 30H. HenOCTaTKH MOryT ~Tb cf>H3H4eCKHMH, YMCTBeHHhlMH HnH COUHaJibHhlMH; y HeKOTOPl>IX .11HU MOryT OTMe4aTbCR HenocTaTKH acex TpeX KaTeropm\. K .llPYrHM rpynnaM ~COKOro PHCKa OTHOCRTCR Mononel!b, .11Hua nomnoro ao3pacTa, :tCeHlllHHhl H pa6o4He-MHrpaHTbl. npoOneMbl HX Onaronony4Hft Ha pa6oTe OCBe1I1eHh1 B OTneJibHblX OT4eTaX (13-15). Hawa Pa6o4aR rpynna orpaHH'lHJlaCb oOcy~eHHeM npoOneM paOOTaJIXIIHX :teeHlilHH. 10.2 PaooraioruHe :teeHldHHhl lleHldHHhl COCTaBJlRIOT 3Ha'lHTeJlbHhlH npoueHT pa6o4eH CHJlbl B eaponeHCKHX crpaHax. OHH oco0eHHO Hy~aJOTCR B Me,QHUHH- CKOH H COUHaJlbHOH noManH. Bo-nepm,1x, HX MYCKYJibHaR CHna oeiwrno HeBeJIHKa. 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Ho ocTaeTcR e111e BallHaR npoOneMa 3anJHThl nno.na, a 9TO 3Hat.JHT, '!TO HYl!CHO CHJ13HTb ypoBHH B03)leHCTBHR HaCTOJU,KO, tlTOO>i PHCK .nnR nno.na npaJ<TH'lecKH OTcyTCTBOBan. TIOCKOJU,KY nno.n YR3BHM ,IIaAl:e Ha OtleHb paHHeH cra.nHH pa3BHTHR, KOr.na l!CeHIJlHHa MOl!CeT e111e He 3HaTb, tlTO OHa OepeMeHHa, Heo0XO,IIHMO no.n.nepmBaTb KpaHHHe HH3KHe ypoBHH B03,1IeHCTBHR onpe.neneHHblX TOKCH'IHblX BelllecTB Ha npe.nnpHRTHRX, r.oe paoora.JOT lleHl!lHHbl ,lleTOPO.IIHOro BO3pacTa. Hymo npo,IIOnl!CHTh H paOIIH!)HTh HCCne- .lIOBaHHR no o npe.neneffillO Oe3onaCHblX ypoBHeH BO3,IIeHCTBHR, HMeR a BH.IIY npe.noTBpameHHe ymepOa .nnR nno.na. 11. BlffiOJll:,I H PEKOMEH.IlAUHH 1. B HaCTORlllee BpeMR, KOr.na C'.l,(CTpo H3MeHReTCR xapai<Tep TPY.Oa, KaK B BblCOKQpa3BHTblX, TaK H B pa3BHBalaltHXCR CTpaHaX B03HHKaJOT HOBble npoOne.Mbl mx,ct>ecCHOHaJU,HOH rnrneHbl, XOTR cral)ble npoOneM>I ace eiue npeoOna.naJOT. <i>aKTQpbl, OTPHUaTem,Ho CKa3blBalOIIJHecR Ha o.narononyt.JHH paOOt.JHX, MOryT a.lTh KflaCCH<!JH- UHPOBaHbl Ha ncHXOCOUHaJU,Hble, <l>H3f,fqecKHe, XHMHqeCKHe H CiHO- JlOrHtleCKHe; ace OHH TecHO CBR3aHbl H OKa3blBalOT COtleTaHHoe B03,IIeHCTBHe. 2. 8blRBneHHe npoOneM, CBR3aHHblx c B03,IIeHCTBHeM HeCinaro- npHRTHblX <!>aKTOpoB, H npHHRTHe HeoOXO,IIHMblX Mep no KOHTPOnlO 3a HHMH, a TaK:.:e no YKPenneHHIO 3.0opoBbR H oOecnetleHH10 O.narononyt.JHR pa6ot.JHX B COTPY.IIHH'leCTBe C MeCTHblMH BflaCTRMH TaM, r.ne :3TO B03MOl!CHO, RBJlReTCR nepaeHll!eH oOR3aHHOC:ThlO PYKOBO,IIHTeneA npe.nnpHRTHH H nepcoHana MecTilblX cny;,;6 npo<f>ec- CHOHaJU,HOH rnrneHbl. EcnH npe.nnpHRTHR MaJJeHI:,KHe H He 34 OXBa'leHbl cnyllt6aMH npo¢ecCHOHaJibHOH rnrneHbI, HM ,llOJl!\Hbl OKa3blBaTb KOHcyJibTaTHBHYID nOMOl!1b cneUHaJJHCW COOTBeCTBYKlllHX rocy.napcTBeHHbIX cnyllt6 Ha 1-IaUHOHaJibHOM HJJH MecTHOM yj)OBHe. 3. OrmpaRCb Ha npaKTINecKyID H KOHcyJibTaTHBHYID noMOlllb 803, Mar H .npyrnx 3aJ-IHTepecOBaHHhlX opraHH3a.I..D-fH, npaBHTeJlbCTBa .0011!\Hbl pa3 BePHYTb .neRTeJibHOCTb no OXBaTY BCex npe,nrrpHRTHH Ha.llJlelltab)HMH cnyllt6aMH npo¢ecCHOHaJibHOH rnrneHbl. 4. 0,ID-!OH H3 nepBOO'lepe,IIHblX 3a,naq npaBHTeJibCTB RBJJReTCR coop - C nOMOlllbID Me!\,nYHapo,IIHblX opraHH3al.lHH, KOr'.na 3TO B03MO!\HO, - HMelODtHXCR ,naHHblX O MHOr'O'-lHCJleHHhlX cpaJ<Topax, OKa3blBaKllllHX HJlH npe.nnoJJOlltHTeJibHO oKa3b1BalOD!HX OTPHUaTeJibHoe so3,neHcTBHe Ha Onaronony'IHe paoora.K111Hx. 5. npaBHTeJibCTBa ,ll()Jlll(Hl,I nOOlllPRTb KaK MO~O 6o11ee blHPQKoe npHMeHeHHe HaKOnJJeHHblX 3HaHHH nyTeM CaHHTapHoro npocBeMe- HHR, cneUHaJibHOH no.nroTOBKH, pacnpocTpaHeHHR HHcl>oPMaUHH H npHHRTHR COOTBeTCTBYIDb!ero 3aKOHO.naTeJibCTBa. 6. nocKOJibKY npHPO.na H xapaKTep B03.0eHCTBHR cpaJ<TOPOB, arpHuaTeJlbHO CKa3blBaIOMHXCR Ha Onaronony'IHH, nOCTORJ-IHO MeHRIDTCR, HaCTORTeJibHO HeoOXO.llHMO CHCTeMaTH'lecKH no.nsepraTb nposepKe HaKOnJJeHHble 3HaHHR H .nonOJJHRTb HX HOBWMH .llaHHblMH, T.e. Heo6XO.llHMO np()BO.llHTb <tJYH,naMeHTaJibHble H npHKJJa,ID-!We HCCJJe.OOBaHHR. 7. HeoOXO,llHMO pa3pa6oTaTb H YHH<l>HLUiPOBaTb MeTO,lll,1 onpe.ne- JJeHHR BCeX KaTeropHH cpaJ<TopoB np()H3B0,IICTBeHHOH cpe.lll,I H nocJJe,IICTBHA HX 803.0eHCTBHR Ha Onaronony'IHe pa6o'IHX. 9TH MeTOW ,IIOJllllHbl ~Tb .IIOCTaTO\fliO Ha.llelllHblMH H qyBCTBHTeJibHblMH ,IIJlR roro, 'IToCibl C HX noMOlllbID MO!\HO ~no BblRBJlRTb paHHHe H3MeHeHHR B COCTORI-IHH 3,IIOPQBbR qeJJOBeKa, OHH ,IIOJl!\Hbl oOner'laTb H,IleHTH<!>HKaUHID He6JJaronpHRTHblX cpaJ<TOPOB H ycTaHOB- JJeHHe KOHTpoJlR 3a HX B03,IIeHCTBHeM. )lOJlJIU-lbl e..ITb C03.IIaHbl npHeMJ1eMb1e B Me!\,nYHapo,ID-IOM MaCIIITaOe II MeTO.OOJJOirf'lecKHe Ha6opb1", BKJllO'laIOl!IHe, K npHMepy, MeTO.lll,I HCCJle,IIOBaHHR HH3KHX ypOBHeH 803,IIeHCTBHR TOKCH'IHb!X BellleCTB, onpe.neneHHR nCHXO- COUHaJibHblX cpaJ<TopOB H OT,IIa.JleHHhlX noc11e,IICTBHH HX B03,IIeHCTBHR Ha OJJaronony'-lHe H 3,nopoBbe. 8. Oco6oe BHHMaHHe cne.nyeT y.neJJRTb Onaronony'IHJO JJHU, HMelOIJlHX <l>H3H'lecKHe, YMCTBeHHble HJIH COUHaJlbHble He,nOCTaTKH, a TaKllte Onarooony'IHJO .IIPYrHX JlHU WCOKOro PHCKa, BKJUO'laR MOJJO,Ilelltb, JlHU OOlltHJIOro B03pacra H paOo'IHX-MHr'paHTOB. 35 9. Heo0XO.ID1MO C oco(J,1M BHHMaHHeM OTHOCHTbCR K npo6JleMaM pa6oTalO(llHX ll'(eHIUHH, HecyUIHX .nonoJiliHTeJlbHylO pa6oqyl0 Harpy3KY noMa, a TaJ<ll'(e MOJlO.ll>IX pa6otrnx, opraHH3M KOTOPhlX ellle pa3BHBaeTCR. 10. 803 B COTPY,llHW,iecTBe c npaBHTeJlbCTBaMH H 3aHHTepeco- BaHHblMH opraHH3aUHRMH ,llOJDIHa CTHMYJlHPOBaTb H KOOP.IDiHHPOBaTb HCCJlenosaHHR B oOnacTH npo(f>eccHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl, <rroObi BOCOOJiliHTb npo6em B 3HaHH.RX. 11. Cne~eT 6e3OTJlaraTeJlbHO npHHRTb ,(laJlbHeHIJIHe MePhl no BblnOJilieHHIO peKOMeH.naUHH KOMHTeTa 3KcnepTOB 803 no npcxt>ec- CHOHaJ!bHOH rnrneHe, KOHTPOJllO 3a COCTORHHeN npoH3BOnCTBeHHOH cpe,[D,1 H 3noposbeM paOOTalOIIIHXa H pe3OJllOUHeH BceMH-pHOH ac- caM6JleH 3~asooxpaHeHHR H HcnoJiliHTeJlbHoro KOMHTeTa 0036 no yJty'mleHHIO YCJlOBHH npOH3BoncTBeHHOH cpew. 12. HaCTORTeJlbHO Heo0XO.ID1MO, '-ITOO>I npaBHTeJlbCTBa B cOTpyn- HlNecTBe c 803 H Mor npHCTYflHJlH K c6opy, CHCTeMaTH3aUHH H, KOrna 9TO HylKJ-1O, K nonyJlflPH3aUHH H pacnpocTPaHeHHIO HH¢OpMa- UHH no npoOJleMaM rJPCXl)ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl, a TaK)l(e K cOCTaBJleHHIO nporpaMM nonrOTOBKH .ll]lfl: 1) Bpaqe11-rnrneHHCTOB H Me.ID1UHHCKHX ceCTep 3TOro npo<f>HM, a TaK)l(e cneUHaJlHCTOB no noseneH'-lecKHM HaYKaM, 2) PYKOBO.llRlllero nepcottana sc:ex ypoBHeH, H 3) pa6o'IBX H HX npencraBHTeneH. 13. nonroTOBKa no nporpaMMaM npo<f>ecCHOHaJ!bHOH rnrneHbl OyneT ycnenJHOH TOJlbKO B TOM cnyqae, ecJlH paOOTaIOlllHe 6ynyT npHHHMaTb yqacTHe B HHneHTH¢HKaUHH ¢al<TopOB, CKa3hlBalOIIIHXCR Ha HX 6naronony~, H ycTaHOBJleHHH KOHTPOJlR 3a HX BO3ne11c~ BHeM, K qeMY pa6oTaKllllHX Hyll'(HO noo111pRTb . aWHo Technical Report Series, No.535, 1973 (Environ- mental and health monitoring in occupational health: report of a WHO Expert Corranittee). 0 B qacTHOCTH, pe3OJilOUHH WHA32.14 H EB60.R 2. 36 14. HeKOTOPble ["'()Cy,llapcTBa-qneHbl BBeJll,f 3aKOHO,llaTeJll:,CTBa, npe.nycMaTpHBaJOIIIHe o6ecne'-leHHe 6naronpHRTHblX YCJIOBHH Ha pa6o'-IHX MecTaX, '-ITO B o61lieM cnoco6cTBOBaJIO yCTaHOBJleHHJO COOTBeTCTBHR Mel!,IIy ycJlOBHRMH TPY.na H cnoco6HOCTRMH, B03MOniOCTRMH, nQTPe6HOCTRMH H YCTPeMJieHHRMH paOOTHHKOB. !:enaTeJll:,HO, '-IToei,I OCTa.llbHble CTpaHbl H3Y'-IHJll,I OllhlT 3THX rocy.napCTB npH pa3pa6oTKe aHaJIOrn'-IHblX 3aKOHOB. 15. npe.nnpHHHMaTeJleH H .llPYrH.X Jll,IU, TaKHX, KaK npOH3BO,llH- TeJll,I o6opy,110BaHHR H CTPOHTeJll,f npQMbIIIIJleHHhlx o6'beKTOB Heo6- X0,11HMO B 3aKOHO.llaTeJll:,HOM nopR.m<e o6R3aTb co6mo,11aTb HHTepea,i 6naronony'-IHR pa6o'-IHX npH nJiaHHPOBaHHH HJIJ,f npoeKTHPOBaHHH HOBblX TeXHOJlOrH'-lecKHX npoueccoa, oOopy.noBaHHR HJIJ,f o6'.beKTOB. 16. BaniO no,ll'-lepKHBaTb ryMaHHblH xapaKTep pa6oThl, '-leJIOBeK - He pa6 ee, ttaoOopar, pa6oTa cnyJKHT '-lenoBeKy. ffifl'EPATYPA l . Gardell, B. Alienation and mental health in the modem industrial environ- ment. In : Society, stress and disease. Oxford University Press, 1971, pp. 148-180. 2. Weiman, C.G. A study of occupational stressors and incidence of disease/ risk. In: McLean, A., ed. Proceedings of a Conference on Reducing Occu- pational Stress. NIOSH, 1977. 3. Occupational stress, social support and health. In : McLean, A., ed. Proceedings of a Conference on Reducing Occupational Stress. NIOSH, 1977. 4. Bolinder, E. & Ohlstrom, B. Stress in Swedish working life. Lund, Prisma, 1971. 5. Levi, L. Psychosocial stress at work : problems and prevention. In : McLean, A. , ed . Proceedings of a Conference on Reducing Occupational Stress. NlOSH, 1971. 6. WHO Technical Report Series, No . 571, I 975. (Earl_v detection of health impairmem in occupational exposure to health hazards: report of a WHO Study Group .) 7. Svane, 0 . Study on memal stress. Copenhagen, Office of Occupational Health, Directorate of Occupational Control, Copenhagen, (unpub- lished document). 37 8. Wahlund , J. & Norell . G. Work e11 vironme11rs of whire collar workers. Stockholm , TCO, 1976. 9 . Piiyhiinen , T. Man and work in psychology . A selected and partially annotated bibliography . Part I : General psychology for occupational psy chologists. Helsinki , Institute of Occupational Health , 1978 . 10. Poyhiinen , T. Man and work in psychology . A selected and partially anno tated bibliography. Part 2: Man at work . Helsinki, Institute of Occu pational Health , 1978 . 11. Edstrom , R. Promotion of copin g behaviour in working life : an oc- cupational mental health programme. In : Levi , L. Society stress and disease, Vol. 4 , Chapter 37. Oxford University Press, I 979 . 12 . Ylikoski, M. & Rantanen , J. An introduction to occupational statutory health services. Helsinki , 1979 (in press). 13 . Levi , L. High risk groups in mental stress in industry. Geneva, !LO, 1980 (in press) . 14. Health effects of occupational exposure to combined phy sical and chemi- cal hazards at work: report on a WHO meeting, Sofia , Bulgaria , I 976 (in preparation). 15. Migrant workers - occupational safety and health services: report on a joint !LO/WHO committee. Geneva , !LO, 1977. 38 npHJlOllteHHe Cffi!COK Y4ACTHHKOB BpeMeHJ-lb1e KOHcy JlbTattTbl n-p A.H. ny.napeB nHPeKTop HaY'{HO-HCCJle,llOBaTeJ'lbCJ<Oro HHCTHTYTa rnrnel-lbl TPY Jlcl H npo¢3aooneBaHHA, JleHHHrpa,11, CCCP n-p R. Edstrom PyKOBO)lHTeJ'lb HauHOHaJ'lbHOro COBeTa no npcxJ>eccHOHaJ'lb- HOH rnrneHe H Cie3onacHOCTH TPY.Oa, CTOKl"OJ'lbM, lllaeUHR r-;,ga H.M. Hanninen ncH.XOJlOr, HHCTHTYT npoq>ecCHOHaJlbHOH rHrHeHbl, XeJ'lbCHHKH, <l>HHJ1.RH.l]HR npcxJ>. J . A. Indulski ncHXOJlOr, HHCTHTYT npo¢ecCHOHaJ'lbHOH rHrHeHbl, JIO.ll3b, noJlblda n-p V . Kodat PYKOBO.llHTeJ'lb OT.nena rHrHel-lbl H 9nH,11eMHOJ10rnH, MHHH- CTepcrBO 3,llpaBOOxpatteHHR '-l€111Cl<OH COUHaJIHCTINeCJ<OH PecnyOJJHKH, npara, 4CCP (npe.ace.naTeJ'lb) npcxJ>. J. Kupfer UeHTpaJ'lbHhlH HHCTHTYT npo¢ecCHOHaJlbHOH rHrHel-lbl, BepJ1HH-JIHXTeHCiepr, repMaHCl<aR neMOKpaTINecKaR PecnyOJJHKa npcxJ>. L. Levi PyKOBO)lHTeJ'lb CoUHaJ'lbHO-nCHXOJlOfW.leCKOrO ueHTPa 803, HHCTHTYT KapOJlHHCKa, CTOKl"OJlbM, lIIBeUHR (3aMecTHTeJ'lb npe.ace.naTeJIR) npcxJ>. M. Lukanov PYKOBO)lHTeJ'lb HHCTHTYTa rHrHeHbl H npO<f>ecCHOHaJlbHOro 3.npaaooxpaHeHHft, Cot,HR, BonrapHR 39 Jl-p R. Saieg h r naBHbIH KOHCYJlbTaHT, OT.neneH11e npo¢HnaKTWKH H npo- <l>eCCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl, MHHHCTepcTBO o6I:uecTBeHH010 3.npaBooxpatteHHR H COUHaJlbHOro ooecneqeHHR, Ma.npH.n, HcnaHHR npo¢. R.S.F. Schilling JIOH.OOH, Coe.IlHHeHHoe KoponeBCTBO (CocTaBHTeJlb QTqeTa) Jl-p O. Svane YnpaBneHHe npo¢ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl, Jll-ft)eKTQpaT npcxj>ecCHOHaJlbHOro KOHTPOnR, KonettrareH, )laHHR Jl-p R. Thurauf HHCTHTYT npo<t>ecCHOHaJlbHOH H COl..lHaJlbHOH Me,llHUHHbl H noJJHKJIHHHKa npo<t>eccHOHaJlbHblX 3aOoneBaHHH npH 9pnattrett-H~pH6eprcKOM YHHBepcHTeTe, 9pnattreH, ¢e.nepaTHBHaR PecnyOnWKa repMaHHH npo¢. A. Wisner OT.nen npcxj>eccHOHaJlbHbIX HaYK ( 9proHOMHl<a), Hamio- HaJlbHaR aKa.neMHR HCKYCCTB H peMecen, napH~, ¢paHUHR npe.ncTaBHTeJIH ,npyrnx opraHH3aUHH Jl-p M. Stilon de Piro OT.neneHHe npo¢ecCHOHaJlbHOH rnrneHbl H Oe3onacHOCTH, Mel!,llYttapo.DHaR opra.HH3al..lHR TPY.na, letteaa, ~BeiiuapHR EBponeiicKoe pernoHam,Hoe 61opo 803 40 Jl-p M.H. M1-1xeeB PernottaJlbHblH cneUHaJIHCT no npoOneMaM 3.00POBbR pa6oqj,!X (CeKpeTaPb) I IIIIII IIIII IIIII IIIII II II IIIII IIIII IIIIIII IIIII H O O O 2 8 0 2 2 H
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Медико-санитарные аспекты создания благоприятных условий на рабочих местах: отчет о совещании ВОЗ, Прага, 18–20 сентября 1979 г.
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