Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 2 October 2025.#B v Niedersächsischer Zweckverband zur Approbationserteilung (NiZzA).#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgericht Oldenburg.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Recognition of professional qualifications – Directive 2005/36/EC – Article 2 – Scope ratione personae – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 3 – Definition of ‘beneficiaries’ – Third-country national who is the spouse of a Union citizen who has not exercised his or her right of freedom of movement – Inapplicability