Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 19 September 2024.#European Commission v Republic of Malta.#Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Directive 2009/147/EC – Conservation of wild birds – Article 5, Article 8(1) and Article 9(1) – Derogation scheme allowing the live-capturing of seven species of wild finches – Member States’ power of derogation for research purposes – Conditions.#Case C-23/23.