Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 7 February 2023.#Confédération paysanne and Others v Premier ministre and Ministre de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d'État.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Deliberate release of genetically modified organisms – Directive 2001/18/EC – Article 3(1) – Point 1 of Annex I B – Scope – Exemptions – Techniques/methods of genetic modification which have conventionally been used and have a long safety record – In vitro random mutagenesis.#Case C-688/21.