Case C-348/21: Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 8 December 2022 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Sofiyski gradski sad — Bulgaria) — Criminal proceedings against HYA, IP, DD, ZI, SS (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Judicial cooperation in criminal matters — Directive (EU) 2016/343 — Strengthening of certain aspects of the presumption of innocence and of the right to be present at the trial in criminal proceedings — Article 8(1) — Right of an accused person to be present at the trial — Second paragraph of Article 47 and Article 48(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Right to a fair trial and rights of the defence — Examination of witnesses for the prosecution in the absence of the accused person and his or her lawyer at the pre-trial stage of the criminal proceedings — Impossibility of examining witnesses for the prosecution during the judicial stage of those proceedings — National legislation allowing a criminal court to base its decision on the prior testimony of those witnesses)