RETVA v. FINLAND

“</ins><abbr class="acronym" title="Notional Chargeable Amount"><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc">NCA</ins></abbr><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc"> ” means the National Crime Agency; and a reference to a constable at </ins><abbr class="acronym" title="Notional Chargeable Amount"><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc">NCA</ins></abbr><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc"> is a reference to a constable seconded to it to serve as an </ins><abbr class="acronym" title="Notional Chargeable Amount"><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc">NCA</ins></abbr><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc-1457349513844" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-537e6b0845b14b702cc45551ee0b67dc"> officer. </ins> </p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-43-5A"><num><ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3842" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561261"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c22561261" class="commentary"/>(5A)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3842" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561261"> “ </ins><term refersTo="#term-spa" eId="term-spa"><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3842" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561261">SPA</ins></term><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3842" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561261"> ” means the Scottish Police Authority; and a reference to a constable at SPA is a reference to a constable serving as a member of its staff by virtue of paragraph 7(1) of schedule 1 to the Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012. </ins> </p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-43-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p><noteRef href="#c22561281" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-43-8"><num>(8)</num><intro><p>For the purposes of this section, the relevant Acts are—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-43-8-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the Metropolitan Police Act 1829;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-43-8-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the City of London Police Act 1839;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-43-8-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>the <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3884" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561301"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c22561301" class="commentary"/>Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012</ins>;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-43-8-d"><num><ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3889" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893721"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c21893721" class="commentary"/>(d)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3889" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893721">the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-43-9"><num><ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c22561321" class="commentary"/>(9)</ins></num><intro><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">Subsections (2) and (3) apply in relation to Scotland as follows—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-43-9-a"><num><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">a reference to a police authority includes a reference to the Scottish Police Authority;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-43-9-b"><num><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">a reference to a police force includes a reference to the Police Service of Scotland; and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-43-9-c"><num><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">(c)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3897" ukl:CommentaryRef="c22561321">a reference to a chief officer of police includes a reference to the chief constable of the Police Service of Scotland.</ins></p></content></level></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-partners"><heading><i>Partners</i></heading><section eId="section-44"><num>44</num><heading>Partnerships</heading><subsection eId="section-44-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A firm or proposed firm must not discriminate against a person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements it makes for deciding to whom to offer a position as a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it offers the person a position as a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering the person a position as a partner.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A firm (A) must not discriminate against a partner (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by expelling B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A firm must not, in relation to a position as a partner, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who has applied for the position.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A proposed firm must not, in relation to a position as a partner, harass a person who has applied for the position.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A firm or proposed firm must not victimise a person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements it makes for deciding to whom to offer a position as a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it offers the person a position as a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering the person a position as a partner.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A firm (A) must not victimise a partner (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a partner;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by expelling B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-44-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a firm;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-44-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a proposed firm.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-44-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>In the application of this section to a limited partnership within the meaning of the Limited Partnerships Act 1907, “<term refersTo="#term-partner" eId="term-partner">partner</term>” means a general partner within the meaning of that Act.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-45"><num>45</num><heading>Limited liability partnerships</heading><subsection eId="section-45-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>An <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> or proposed <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> must not discriminate against a person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements it makes for deciding to whom to offer a position as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it offers the person a position as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering the person a position as a member.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>An <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> (A) must not discriminate against a member (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by expelling B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>An <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> must not, in relation to a position as a member, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who has applied for the position.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A proposed <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> must not, in relation to a position as a member, harass a person who has applied for the position.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>An <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> or proposed <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> must not victimise a person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements it makes for deciding to whom to offer a position as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it offers the person a position as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering the person a position as a member.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>An <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> (A) must not victimise a member (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by expelling B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-45-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-45-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>an <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr>;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-45-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a proposed LLP.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-46"><num>46</num><heading>Interpretation</heading><subsection eId="section-46-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of sections 44 and 45.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-partnership" eId="term-partnership">Partnership</term>” and “<term refersTo="#term-firm" eId="term-firm">firm</term>” have the same meaning as in the Partnership Act 1890.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-proposed-firm" eId="term-proposed-firm">Proposed firm</term>” means persons proposing to form themselves into a partnership.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-llp" eId="term-llp"><abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr></term>” means a limited liability partnership (within the meaning of the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-proposed-llp" eId="term-proposed-llp">Proposed <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr></term>” means persons proposing to incorporate an <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> with themselves as members.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A reference to expelling a partner of a firm or a member of an <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr> includes a reference to the termination of the person's position as such—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-46-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by the expiry of a period (including a period expiring by reference to an event or circumstance);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-46-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by an act of the person (including giving notice) in circumstances such that the person is entitled, because of the conduct of other partners or members, to terminate the position without notice;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-46-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>(in the case of a partner of a firm) as a result of the dissolution of the partnership.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-46-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>Subsection (6)(a) and (c) does not apply if, immediately after the termination, the position is renewed on the same terms.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-the-bar"><heading><i>The Bar</i></heading><section eId="section-47"><num>47</num><heading>Barristers</heading><subsection eId="section-47-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A barrister (A) must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer a pupillage or tenancy;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B a pupillage or tenancy;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B a pupillage or tenancy.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A barrister (A) must not discriminate against a person (B) who is a pupil or tenant—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a pupil or tenant;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for training or gaining experience or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the pupillage;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to pressure to leave chambers;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-2-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A barrister must not, in relation to a pupillage or tenancy, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the pupil or tenant;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who has applied for the pupillage or tenancy.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A barrister (A) must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer a pupillage or tenancy;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B a pupillage or tenancy;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B a pupillage or tenancy.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A barrister (A) must not victimise a person (B) who is a pupil or tenant—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a pupil or tenant;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for training or gaining experience or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the pupillage;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-5-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to pressure to leave chambers;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-5-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A person must not, in relation to instructing a barrister—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-47-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>discriminate against a barrister by subjecting the barrister to a detriment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>harass the barrister;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-47-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>victimise the barrister.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a barrister.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>The preceding provisions of this section (apart from subsection (6)) apply in relation to a barrister's clerk as they apply in relation to a barrister; and for that purpose the reference to a barrister's clerk includes a reference to a person who carries out the functions of a barrister's clerk.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-47-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>A reference to a tenant includes a reference to a barrister who is permitted to work in chambers (including as a squatter or door tenant); and a reference to a tenancy is to be construed accordingly.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-48"><num>48</num><heading>Advocates</heading><subsection eId="section-48-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>An advocate (A) must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding who to take as A's devil or to whom to offer membership of a stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers to take B as A's devil or offers B membership of a stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering to take B as A's devil or not offering B membership of a stable.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>An advocate (A) must not discriminate against a person (B) who is a devil or a member of a stable—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a devil or a member of the stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for training or gaining experience or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating A's relationship with B (where B is a devil);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to pressure to leave the stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-2-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>An advocate must not, in relation to a relationship with a devil or membership of a stable, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a devil or member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who has applied to be taken as the advocate's devil or to become a member of the stable.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>An advocate (A) must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding who to take as A's devil or to whom to offer membership of a stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers to take B as A's devil or offers B membership of a stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering to take B as A's devil or not offering B membership of a stable.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>An advocate (A) must not victimise a person (B) who is a devil or a member of a stable—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which B is a devil or a member of the stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for training or gaining experience or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating A's relationship with B (where B is a devil);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-5-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to pressure to leave the stable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-5-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A person must not, in relation to instructing an advocate—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-48-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>discriminate against the advocate by subjecting the advocate to a detriment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>harass the advocate;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-48-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>victimise the advocate.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to an advocate.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>This section (apart from subsection (6)) applies in relation to an advocate's clerk as it applies in relation to an advocate; and for that purpose the reference to an advocate's clerk includes a reference to a person who carries out the functions of an advocate's clerk.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-48-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-advocate" eId="term-advocate">Advocate</term>” means a practising member of the Faculty of Advocates.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-officeholders"><heading><i>Office-holders</i></heading><section eId="section-49"><num>49</num><heading>Personal offices: appointments, <abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr></heading><subsection eId="section-49-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies in relation to personal offices.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A personal office is an office or post—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>to which a person is appointed to discharge a function personally under the direction of another person, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in respect of which an appointed person is entitled to remuneration.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make an appointment to a personal office must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-3-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B the appointment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A person who has the power to make an appointment to a personal office must not, in relation to the office, harass a person seeking, or being considered for, the appointment.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make an appointment to a personal office must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B the appointment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a personal office must not discriminate against a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms of B's appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating B's appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>A relevant person in relation to a personal office must not, in relation to that office, harass a person appointed to it.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-8"><num>(8)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a personal office must not victimise a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-8-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms of B's appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-8-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-8-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating B's appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-8-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-9"><num>(9)</num><intro><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-9-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a person who has the power to make an appointment to a personal office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-9-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a relevant person in relation to a personal office.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>For the purposes of subsection (2)(a), a person is to be regarded as discharging functions personally under the direction of another person if that other person is entitled to direct the person as to when and where to discharge the functions.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-11"><num>(11)</num><intro><p>For the purposes of subsection (2)(b), a person is not to be regarded as entitled to remuneration merely because the person is entitled to payments—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-11-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in respect of expenses incurred by the person in discharging the functions of the office or post, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-11-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by way of compensation for the loss of income or benefits the person would or might have received had the person not been discharging the functions of the office or post.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-49-12"><num>(12)</num><intro><p>Subsection (3)(b), so far as relating to sex or pregnancy and maternity, does not apply to a term that relates to pay—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-49-12-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>unless, were B to accept the offer, an equality clause or rule would have effect in relation to the term, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-49-12-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if paragraph (a) does not apply, except in so far as making an offer on terms including that term amounts to a contravention of subsection (3)(b) by virtue of section 13, 14 or 18.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-50"><num>50</num><heading>Public offices: appointments, <abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr></heading><subsection eId="section-50-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section and section 51 apply in relation to public offices.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A public office is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>an office or post, appointment to which is made by a member of the executive;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>an office or post, appointment to which is made on the recommendation of, or subject to the approval of, a member of the executive;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>an office or post, appointment to which is made on the recommendation of, or subject to the approval of, the House of Commons, the House of Lords, the National Assembly for Wales or the Scottish Parliament.</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-2-d"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-b4a7846b55e391841acea1fe2c1436e9-1457346613006" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b4a7846b55e391841acea1fe2c1436e9"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-b4a7846b55e391841acea1fe2c1436e9" class="commentary"/>(d)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-b4a7846b55e391841acea1fe2c1436e9-1457346613006" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b4a7846b55e391841acea1fe2c1436e9">an office or post, appointment to which is made by the Lord Chief Justice or the Senior President of Tribunals.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make an appointment to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692-1457346733345" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-3-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B the appointment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A person who has the power to make an appointment to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692-1457346753734" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not, in relation to the office, harass a person seeking, or being considered for, the appointment.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make an appointment to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692-1457346765310" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers B the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering B the appointment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692-1457346780707" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-99a12e913013d67aa280c007b5f3f692" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not discriminate against a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to B's terms of appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a public office within subsection (2)(c) must not discriminate against a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to B's terms of appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-7-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment (other than by terminating the appointment).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>A relevant person in relation to a public office must not, in relation to that office, harass a person appointed to it.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-9"><num>(9)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-ba9b2d8e98e4db925949abaf78618cab-1457346664549" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-ba9b2d8e98e4db925949abaf78618cab"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-ba9b2d8e98e4db925949abaf78618cab" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not victimise a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-9-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to B's terms of appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-9-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-9-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-9-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-10"><num>(10)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who is a relevant person in relation to a public office within subsection (2)(c) must not victimise a person (B) appointed to the office—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-10-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to B's terms of appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-10-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the way A affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for promotion, transfer or training or for receiving any other benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-10-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment (other than by terminating the appointment).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-11"><num>(11)</num><intro><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-11-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a relevant person in relation to a public office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-11-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who has the power to make an appointment to a public office within subsection (2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d9af2af39e6784c982bc7b6a69251c07-1457346699166" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d9af2af39e6784c982bc7b6a69251c07"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d9af2af39e6784c982bc7b6a69251c07" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins>.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-50-12"><num>(12)</num><intro><p>Subsection (3)(b), so far as relating to sex or pregnancy and maternity, does not apply to a term that relates to pay—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-50-12-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>unless, were B to accept the offer, an equality clause or rule would have effect in relation to the term, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-50-12-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if paragraph (a) does not apply, except in so far as making an offer on terms including that term amounts to a contravention of subsection (3)(b) by virtue of section 13, 14 or 18.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-51"><num>51</num><heading>Public offices: recommendations for appointments, <abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr></heading><subsection eId="section-51-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a-1457347136116" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins>, must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-51-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding who to recommend for appointment or to whose appointment to give approval;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by not recommending B for appointment to the office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by making a negative recommendation of B for appointment to the office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-1-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by not giving approval to the appointment of B to the office.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-51-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A person who has the power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a-1457347162465" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins> must not, in relation to the office, harass a person seeking or being considered for the recommendation or approval.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-51-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A person (A) who has the power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a-1457347177285" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins>, must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-51-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding who to recommend for appointment or to whose appointment to give approval;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by not recommending B for appointment to the office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-3-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by making a negative recommendation of B for appointment to the office;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-3-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by not giving approval to the appointment of B to the office.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-51-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a person who has the power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a) <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a-1457347196551" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-146f4511e63b2d4158011f03ecb53f2a" class="commentary"/>, (b) or (d)</ins>.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-51-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A reference in this section to a person who has the power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a) <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-e7571a197cc8a74dcd8386ff26e4a3dd-1457347096257" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e7571a197cc8a74dcd8386ff26e4a3dd"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-e7571a197cc8a74dcd8386ff26e4a3dd" class="commentary"/>or (d)</ins> is a reference only to a relevant body which has that power; and for that purpose “<term refersTo="#term-relevant-body" eId="term-relevant-body">relevant body</term>” means a body established—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-51-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by or in pursuance of an enactment, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-51-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by a member of the executive.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-52"><num>52</num><heading>Interpretation and exceptions</heading><subsection eId="section-52-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of sections 49 to 51.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-personal-office" eId="term-personal-office">Personal office</term>” has the meaning given in section 49.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-public-office" eId="term-public-office">Public office</term>” has the meaning given in section 50.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>An office or post which is both a personal office and a public office is to be treated as being a public office only.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>Appointment to an office or post does not include election to it.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-relevant-person" eId="term-relevant-person">Relevant person</term>”, in relation to an office, means the person who, in relation to a matter specified in the first column of the table, is specified in the second column (but a reference to a relevant person does not in any case include the House of Commons, the House of Lords, the National Assembly for Wales or the Scottish Parliament).</p><tblock class="table" ukl:Orientation="portrait"><foreign><default:table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><default:colgroup><default:col style="width:46%"/><default:col style="width:54%"/></default:colgroup><default:tbody><default:tr><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Matter</i></p></default:th><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Relevant person</i></p></default:th></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">A term of appointment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">The person who has the power to set the term.</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Access to an opportunity</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">The person who has the power to afford access to the opportunity (or, if there is no such person, the person who has the power to make the appointment).</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Terminating an appointment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">The person who has the power to terminate the appointment.</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Subjecting an appointee to any other detriment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">The person who has the power in relation to the matter to which the conduct in question relates (or, if there is no such person, the person who has the power to make the appointment).</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Harassing an appointee</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">The person who has the power in relation to the matter to which the conduct in question relates.</p></default:td></default:tr></default:tbody></default:table></foreign></tblock></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A reference to terminating a person's appointment includes a reference to termination of the appointment—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-52-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by the expiry of a period (including a period expiring by reference to an event or circumstance);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-52-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by an act of the person (including giving notice) in circumstances such that the person is entitled, because of the relevant person's conduct, to terminate the appointment without notice.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>Subsection (7)(a) does not apply if, immediately after the termination, the appointment is renewed on the same terms.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-52-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>Schedule 6 (excluded offices) has effect.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-qualifications"><heading><i>Qualifications</i></heading><section eId="section-53"><num>53</num><heading>Qualifications bodies</heading><subsection eId="section-53-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A qualifications body (A) must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-53-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding upon whom to confer a relevant qualification;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it is prepared to confer a relevant qualification on B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not conferring a relevant qualification on B.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A qualifications body (A) must not discriminate against a person (B) upon whom A has conferred a relevant qualification—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-53-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by withdrawing the qualification from B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by varying the terms on which B holds the qualification;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A qualifications body must not, in relation to conferment by it of a relevant qualification, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-53-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a person who holds the qualification, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person who applies for it.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A qualifications body (A) must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-53-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding upon whom to confer a relevant qualification;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it is prepared to confer a relevant qualification on B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not conferring a relevant qualification on B.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A qualifications body (A) must not victimise a person (B) upon whom A has conferred a relevant qualification—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-53-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by withdrawing the qualification from B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by varying the terms on which B holds the qualification;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-53-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a qualifications body.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-53-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>The application by a qualifications body of a competence standard to a disabled person is not disability discrimination unless it is discrimination by virtue of section 19.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-54"><num>54</num><heading>Interpretation</heading><subsection eId="section-54-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of section 53.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-54-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A qualifications body is an authority or body which can confer a relevant qualification.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-54-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>A relevant qualification is an authorisation, qualification, recognition, registration, enrolment, approval or certification which is needed for, or facilitates engagement in, a particular trade or profession.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-54-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>An authority or body is not a qualifications body in so far as—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-54-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>it can confer a qualification to which section 96 applies,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-54-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>it is the responsible body of a school to which section 85 applies,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-54-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>it is the governing body of an institution to which section 91 applies,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-54-4-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>it exercises functions under the Education Acts, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-54-4-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>it exercises functions under the Education (Scotland) Act 1980.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-54-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>A reference to conferring a relevant qualification includes a reference to renewing or extending the conferment of a relevant qualification.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-54-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>A competence standard is an academic, medical or other standard applied for the purpose of determining whether or not a person has a particular level of competence or ability.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-employment-services"><heading><i>Employment services</i></heading><section eId="section-55"><num>55</num><heading>Employment service-providers</heading><subsection eId="section-55-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A person (an “employment service-provider”) concerned with the provision of an employment service must not discriminate against a person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-55-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements the service-provider makes for selecting persons to whom to provide, or to whom to offer to provide, the service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which the service-provider offers to provide the service to the person;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering to provide the service to the person.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>An employment service-provider (A) must not, in relation to the provision of an employment service, discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-55-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A provides the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by not providing the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the provision of the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>An employment service-provider must not, in relation to the provision of an employment service, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-55-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a person who asks the service-provider to provide the service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person for whom the service-provider provides the service.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>An employment service-provider (A) must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-55-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for selecting persons to whom to provide, or to whom to offer to provide, the service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A offers to provide the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not offering to provide the service to B.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>An employment service-provider (A) must not, in relation to the provision of an employment service, victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-55-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which A provides the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by not providing the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by terminating the provision of the service to B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-55-5-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to an employment service-provider, except in relation to the provision of a vocational service.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-55-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>The duty imposed by section 29(7)(a) applies to a person concerned with the provision of a vocational service; but a failure to comply with that duty in relation to the provision of a vocational service is a contravention of this Part for the purposes of Part 9 (enforcement).</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-56"><num>56</num><heading>Interpretation</heading><subsection eId="section-56-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of section 55.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>The provision of an employment service includes—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the provision of vocational training;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the provision of vocational guidance;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>making arrangements for the provision of vocational training or vocational guidance;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>the provision of a service for finding employment for persons;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>the provision of a service for supplying employers with persons to do work;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-f"><num>(f)</num><content><p>the provision of a service in pursuance of arrangements made under section 2 of the Employment and Training Act 1973 (functions of the Secretary of State relating to employment);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-g"><num>(g)</num><content><p>the provision of a service in pursuance of arrangements made or a direction given under section 10 of that Act (careers services);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-h"><num>(h)</num><content><p>the exercise of a function in pursuance of arrangements made under section 2(3) of the Enterprise and New Towns (Scotland) Act 1990 (functions of Scottish Enterprise, <abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr> relating to employment);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-2-i"><num>(i)</num><content><p>an assessment related to the conferment of a relevant qualification within the meaning of section 53 above (except in so far as the assessment is by the qualifications body which confers the qualification).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>This section does not apply in relation to training or guidance in so far as it is training or guidance in relation to which another provision of this Part applies.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>This section does not apply in relation to training or guidance for pupils of a school to which section 85 applies in so far as it is training or guidance to which the responsible body of the school has power to afford access (whether as the responsible body of that school or as the responsible body of any other school at which the training or guidance is provided).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>This section does not apply in relation to training or guidance for students of an institution to which section 91 applies in so far as it is training or guidance to which the governing body of the institution has power to afford access.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>“<term refersTo="#term-vocational-training" eId="term-vocational-training">Vocational training</term>” means—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-56-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>training for employment, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>work experience (including work experience the duration of which is not agreed until after it begins).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A reference to the provision of a vocational service is a reference to the provision of an employment service within subsection (2)(a) to (d) (or an employment service within subsection (2)(f) or (g) in so far as it is also an employment service within subsection (2)(a) to (d)); and for that purpose—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-56-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the references to an employment service within subsection (2)(a) do not include a reference to vocational training within the meaning given by subsection (6)(b), and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-56-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the references to an employment service within subsection (2)(d) also include a reference to a service for assisting persons to retain employment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-56-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>A reference to training includes a reference to facilities for training.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-trade-organisations"><heading><i>Trade organisations</i></heading><section eId="section-57"><num>57</num><heading>Trade organisations</heading><subsection eId="section-57-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation (A) must not discriminate against a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer membership of the organisation;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it is prepared to admit B as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not accepting B's application for membership.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation (A) must not discriminate against a member (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the way it affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for receiving a benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by depriving B of membership;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by varying the terms on which B is a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation must not, in relation to membership of it, harass—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a member, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>an applicant for membership.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation (A) must not victimise a person (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the arrangements A makes for deciding to whom to offer membership of the organisation;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as to the terms on which it is prepared to admit B as a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by not accepting B's application for membership.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation (A) must not victimise a member (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the way it affords B access, or by not affording B access, to opportunities for receiving a benefit, facility or service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by depriving B of membership;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>by varying the terms on which B is a member;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-5-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>by subjecting B to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a trade organisation.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-57-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>A trade organisation is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-57-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>an organisation of workers,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>an organisation of employers, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-57-7-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>any other organisation whose members carry on a particular trade or profession for the purposes of which the organisation exists.</p></content></level></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-local-authority-members"><heading><i>Local authority members</i></heading><section eId="section-58"><num>58</num><heading>Official business of members</heading><subsection eId="section-58-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A local authority must not discriminate against a member of the authority in relation to the member's carrying out of official business—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-58-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the way the authority affords the member access, or by not affording the member access, to opportunities for training or for receiving any other facility;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-58-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by subjecting the member to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-58-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A local authority must not, in relation to a member's carrying out of official business, harass the member.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-58-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A local authority must not victimise a member of the authority in relation to the member's carrying out of official business—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-58-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>in the way the authority affords the member access, or by not affording the member access, to opportunities for training or for receiving any other facility;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-58-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>by subjecting the member to any other detriment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-58-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A member of a local authority is not subjected to a detriment for the purposes of subsection (1)(b) or (3)(b) only because the member is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-58-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>not appointed or elected to an office of the authority,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-58-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>not appointed or elected to, or to an office of, a committee or sub-committee of the authority, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-58-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>not appointed or nominated in exercise of an appointment power of the authority.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-58-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>In subsection (4)(c), an appointment power of a local authority is a power of the authority, or of a group of bodies including the authority, to make—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-58-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>appointments to a body;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-58-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>nominations for appointment to a body.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-58-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a local authority.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-59"><num>59</num><heading>Interpretation</heading><subsection eId="section-59-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of section 58.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-59-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>“<term refersTo="#term-local-authority" eId="term-local-authority">Local authority</term>” means—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a county council in England;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a district council in England;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>the Greater London Authority;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>a London borough council;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>the Common Council of the City of London;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-f"><num>(f)</num><content><p>the Council of the Isles of Scilly;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-g"><num>(g)</num><content><p>a parish council in England;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-h"><num>(h)</num><content><p>a county council in Wales;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-i"><num>(i)</num><content><p>a community council in Wales;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-j"><num>(j)</num><content><p>a county borough council in Wales;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-ja"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-d0d205ead4e8db6946cd470969e0ff5b-1623942462344" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d0d205ead4e8db6946cd470969e0ff5b"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d0d205ead4e8db6946cd470969e0ff5b" class="commentary"/>(ja)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d0d205ead4e8db6946cd470969e0ff5b-1623942462344" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d0d205ead4e8db6946cd470969e0ff5b">a corporate joint committee established by regulations made under Part 5 of the Local Government and Elections (Wales) Act 2021;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-k"><num>(k)</num><content><p>a council constituted under section 2 of the Local Government <abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr> (Scotland) Act 1994;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-2-l"><num>(l)</num><content><p>a community council in Scotland.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-59-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>A Minister of the Crown may by order amend subsection (2) so as to add, vary or omit a reference to a body which exercises functions that have been conferred on a local authority within paragraph (a) to (l).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-59-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A reference to the carrying-out of official business by a person who is a member of a local authority is a reference to the doing of anything by the person—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-59-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as a member of the authority,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>as a member of a body to which the person is appointed by, or appointed following nomination by, the authority or a group of bodies including the authority, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>as a member of any other public body.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-59-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>“<term refersTo="#term-member" eId="term-member">Member</term>”, in relation to the Greater London Authority, means—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-59-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the Mayor of London;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-59-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a member of the London Assembly.</p></content></level></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-1-crossheading-recruitment"><heading><i>Recruitment <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-f309ddadbc19bd9f269f9f5b4e8b7302-1704984923745" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f309ddadbc19bd9f269f9f5b4e8b7302"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-f309ddadbc19bd9f269f9f5b4e8b7302" class="commentary"/>etc</ins> </i></heading><section eId="section-60"><num>60</num><heading>Enquiries about disability and health</heading><subsection eId="section-60-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>A person (A) to whom an application for work is made must not ask about the health of the applicant (B)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>before offering work to B, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>where A is not in a position to offer work to B, before including B in a pool of applicants from whom A intends (when in a position to do so) to select a person to whom to offer work.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A contravention of subsection (1) (or a contravention of section 111 or 112 that relates to a contravention of subsection (1)) is enforceable as an unlawful act under Part 1 of the Equality Act 2006 (and, by virtue of section 120(8), is enforceable only by the Commission under that Part).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>A does not contravene a relevant disability provision merely by asking about B's health; but A's conduct in reliance on information given in response may be a contravention of a relevant disability provision.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>Subsection (5) applies if B brings proceedings before an employment tribunal on a complaint that A's conduct in reliance on information given in response to a question about B's health is a contravention of a relevant disability provision.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>In the application of section 136 to the proceedings, the particulars of the complaint are to be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) of that section as facts from which the tribunal could decide that A contravened the provision.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>This section does not apply to a question that A asks in so far as asking the question is necessary for the purpose of—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>establishing whether B will be able to comply with a requirement to undergo an assessment or establishing whether a duty to make reasonable adjustments is or will be imposed on A in relation to B in connection with a requirement to undergo an assessment,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>establishing whether B will be able to carry out a function that is intrinsic to the work concerned,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>monitoring diversity in the range of persons applying to A for work,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>taking action to which section 158 would apply if references in that section to persons who share (or do not share) a protected characteristic were references to disabled persons (or persons who are not disabled) and the reference to the characteristic were a reference to disability, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-6-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>if A applies in relation to the work a requirement to have a particular disability, establishing whether B has that disability.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>In subsection (6)(b), where A reasonably believes that a duty to make reasonable adjustments would be imposed on A in relation to B in connection with the work, the reference to a function that is intrinsic to the work is to be read as a reference to a function that would be intrinsic to the work once A complied with the duty.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-8"><num>(8)</num><intro><p>Subsection (6)(e) applies only if A shows that, having regard to the nature or context of the work—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60-8-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the requirement is an occupational requirement, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-8-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the application of the requirement is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-work" eId="term-work">Work</term>” means employment, contract work, a position as a partner, a position as a member of an <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr>, a pupillage or tenancy, being taken as a devil, membership of a stable, an appointment to a personal or public office, or the provision of an employment service; and the references in subsection (1) to offering a person work are, in relation to contract work, to be read as references to allowing a person to do the work.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>A reference to offering work is a reference to making a conditional or unconditional offer of work (and, in relation to contract work, is a reference to allowing a person to do the work subject to fulfilment of one or more conditions).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-11"><num>(11)</num><intro><p>The following, so far as relating to discrimination within section 13 because of disability, are relevant disability provisions—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>section 39(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>section 41(1)(b);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>section 44(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>section 45(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>section 47(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-f"><num>(f)</num><content><p>section 48(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-g"><num>(g)</num><content><p>section 49(3)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-h"><num>(h)</num><content><p>section 50(3)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-i"><num>(i)</num><content><p>section 51(1);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-j"><num>(j)</num><content><p>section 55(1)(a) or (c);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60-11-k"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-e0dafe0f59af11027010244a91d0767a-1704986592644" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e0dafe0f59af11027010244a91d0767a"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-e0dafe0f59af11027010244a91d0767a" class="commentary"/>(k)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-e0dafe0f59af11027010244a91d0767a-1704986592644" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e0dafe0f59af11027010244a91d0767a">section 60A(1).</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-12"><num>(12)</num><content><p>An assessment is an interview or other process designed to give an indication of a person's suitability for the work concerned.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-13"><num>(13)</num><content><p>For the purposes of this section, whether or not a person has a disability is to be regarded as an aspect of that person's health.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60-14"><num>(14)</num><content><p>This section does not apply to anything done for the purpose of vetting applicants for work for reasons of national security.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-60A"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14" class="commentary"/>60A</ins></num><heading><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Discriminatory statements</ins></heading><subsection eId="section-60A-1"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(1)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A person (A) must not make a discriminatory statement in connection with a relevant decision that A makes or might make.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-2"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(2)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">References in this section to a “relevant decision” are to be determined as follows—</ins></p><tblock class="table" ukl:Orientation="portrait"><foreign><default:table xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/legislation"><default:colgroup><default:col style="width:213.2pt"/><default:col style="width:213.2pt"/></default:colgroup><default:thead><default:tr><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Where A is—</ins></p></default:th><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A relevant decision is—</ins></p></default:th></default:tr></default:thead><default:tbody><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">An employer</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer employment</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A principal (as defined by section 41(5))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding whether to allow a contract worker (as defined by section 41(7)) to do, or to continue to do, work</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A firm or proposed firm (as defined by section 46(2) and (3))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer a position as a partner (read in accordance with section 44(8))</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">An LLP or proposed LLP (as defined by section 46(4) and (5))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer a position as a member</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A barrister or a barrister’s clerk (read in accordance with section 47(8))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer a pupillage or tenancy</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">An advocate (as defined by section 48(9)) or an advocate’s clerk (read in accordance with section 48(8))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding who to take as a devil or to whom to offer membership of a stable</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A person with power to make an appointment to a personal office (as defined by section 49(2))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer the appointment</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A person with power to make an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a), (b) or (d)</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer the appointment</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A person with power to make a recommendation for or give approval to an appointment to a public office within section 50(2)(a), (b) or (d) (read in accordance with section 51(5))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding who to recommend for appointment or to whose appointment to give approval</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A qualifications body (as defined by section 54)</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to confer a relevant qualification (as defined by section 54)</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A person concerned with the provision of an employment service (read in accordance with section 56)</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding on the selection of persons to whom to provide, or to whom to offer to provide, the employment service</ins></p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A trade organisation (as defined by section 57(7))</ins></p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Deciding to whom to offer membership of the organisation.</ins></p></default:td></default:tr></default:tbody></default:table></foreign></tblock></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-3"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(3)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">For the purposes of subsection (1) a statement is discriminatory if—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-3-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">it is directed to the public or a section of the public, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-3-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">were it made in connection with a relevant decision, the making of it would amount to treatment of a person that is direct discrimination.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-4"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(4)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A statement made by a person (B) who—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-4-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">is not an employee of A acting in the course of B’s employment, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-4-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">is not an agent of A acting with A’s authority,</ins></p></content></level><wrapUp><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">is to be treated for the purposes of this section as if made by A if there are reasonable grounds for the public, or a section of the public, to believe that B is capable of exercising decisive influence on the making by A of a relevant decision.</ins></p></wrapUp></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-5"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(5)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Regard is to be had (among other things) to the factors mentioned in subsection (6) when determining—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-5-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">whether a statement is made in connection with a relevant decision for the purposes of subsection (1);</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-5-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">whether there are reasonable grounds for the belief mentioned in subsection (4).</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-6"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(6)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">The factors are—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-6-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">the status of the person making the statement at the time it is made;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-6-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">the nature and content of the statement;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-6-c"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(c)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">the context in which the statement is made;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-6-d"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(d)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">in the case of a statement that A is treated as having made by virtue of subsection (4), the steps (if any) taken by A to disassociate A from the statement made by B.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-7"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(7)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">It does not matter for the purposes of this section whether or not—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-7-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">an individual has or may have been affected by the discriminatory statement in question;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-7-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A has made, or plans to make, arrangements which would involve the making of a relevant decision.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-8"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(8)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">A contravention of subsection (1) (or a contravention of section 111 or 112 that relates to a contravention of subsection (1)) is enforceable as an unlawful act under Part 1 of the Equality Act 2006 (and, by virtue of section 120(8), is enforceable only by the Commission under that Part).</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-9"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(9)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">In subsection (3) the reference to direct discrimination is to a contravention of this Act by virtue of section 13 or 18.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-60A-10"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(10)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">Nothing in this section limits or otherwise affects—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-10-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">other prohibitions imposed by this Chapter;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-60A-10-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14-1704985037099" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-538aa0ab9027833e18d90e232cce3a14">the application of section 109 (liability of employers and principals for acts of employees and agents).</ins></p></content></level></subsection></section></hcontainer></chapter><chapter eId="part-5-chapter-2"><num>Chapter 2</num><heading>Occupational pension schemes</heading><section eId="section-61"><num>61</num><heading>Non-discrimination rule</heading><subsection eId="section-61-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>An occupational pension scheme must be taken to include a non-discrimination rule.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A non-discrimination rule is a provision by virtue of which a responsible person (A)—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-61-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>must not discriminate against another person (B) in carrying out any of A's functions in relation to the scheme;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>must not, in relation to the scheme, harass B;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>must not, in relation to the scheme, victimise B.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>The provisions of an occupational pension scheme have effect subject to the non-discrimination rule.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>The following are responsible persons—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-61-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the trustees or managers of the scheme;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>an employer whose employees are, or may be, members of the scheme;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>a person exercising an appointing function in relation to an office the holder of which is, or may be, a member of the scheme.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>A non-discrimination rule does not apply in relation to a person who is a pension credit member of a scheme.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>An appointing function is any of the following—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-61-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the function of appointing a person;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the function of terminating a person's appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>the function of recommending a person for appointment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-61-6-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>the function of approving an appointment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>A breach of a non-discrimination rule is a contravention of this Part for the purposes of Part 9 (enforcement).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>It is not a breach of a non-discrimination rule for the employer or the trustees or managers of a scheme to maintain or use in relation to the scheme rules, practices, actions or decisions relating to age which are of a description specified by order by a Minister of the Crown.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>An order authorising the use of rules, practices, actions or decisions which are not in use before the order comes into force must not be made unless the Minister consults such persons as the Minister thinks appropriate.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>A non-discrimination rule does not have effect in relation to an occupational pension scheme in so far as an equality rule has effect in relation to it (or would have effect in relation to it but for Part 2 of Schedule 7).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-61-11"><num>(11)</num><content><p>A duty to make reasonable adjustments applies to a responsible person.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-62"><num>62</num><heading>Non-discrimination alterations</heading><subsection eId="section-62-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies if the trustees or managers of an occupational pension scheme do not have power to make non-discrimination alterations to the scheme.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-62-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>This section also applies if the trustees or managers of an occupational pension scheme have power to make non-discrimination alterations to the scheme but the procedure for doing so—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-62-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>is liable to be unduly complex or protracted, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-62-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>involves obtaining consents which cannot be obtained or which can be obtained only with undue delay or difficulty.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-62-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>The trustees or managers may by resolution make non-discrimination alterations to the scheme.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-62-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>Non-discrimination alterations may have effect in relation to a period before the date on which they are made.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-62-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>Non-discrimination alterations to an occupational pension scheme are such alterations to the scheme as may be required for the provisions of the scheme to have the effect that they have in consequence of section 61(3).</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-63"><num>63</num><heading>Communications</heading><subsection eId="section-63-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>In their application to communications the following provisions apply in relation to a disabled person who is a pension credit member of an occupational pension scheme as they apply in relation to a disabled person who is a deferred member or pensioner member of the scheme—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-63-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>section 61;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-63-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>section 120;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-63-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>section 126;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-63-1-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>paragraph 19 of Schedule 8 (and such other provisions of that Schedule as apply for the purposes of that paragraph).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-63-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>Communications include—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-63-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the provision of information;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-63-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the operation of a dispute resolution procedure.</p></content></level></subsection></section></chapter><chapter eId="part-5-chapter-3"><num>Chapter 3</num><heading>Equality of terms</heading><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-3-crossheading-sex-equality"><heading><i>Sex equality</i></heading><section eId="section-64"><num>64</num><heading>Relevant types of work</heading><subsection eId="section-64-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>Sections 66 to 70 apply where—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-64-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a person (A) is employed on work that is equal to the work that a comparator of the opposite sex (B) does;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-64-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person (A) holding a personal or public office does work that is equal to the work that a comparator of the opposite sex (B) does.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-64-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>The references in subsection (1) to the work that B does are not restricted to work done contemporaneously with the work done by A.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-64-3"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-d4b117256eeefa44b2cd56fbce0972a4-1704983956473" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d4b117256eeefa44b2cd56fbce0972a4"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d4b117256eeefa44b2cd56fbce0972a4" class="commentary"/>(3)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d4b117256eeefa44b2cd56fbce0972a4-1704983956473" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d4b117256eeefa44b2cd56fbce0972a4">Sections 66 to 68 and 70 apply where a person (A) is or has been in pensionable service under an occupational pension scheme (regardless of whether those sections also apply in A’s case by virtue of subsection (1)).</ins></p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-65"><num>65</num><heading>Equal work</heading><subsection eId="section-65-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>For the purposes of this Chapter, A's work is equal to that of B if it is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-65-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>like B's work,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>rated as equivalent to B's work, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>of equal value to B's work.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-65-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>A's work is like B's work if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-65-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>A's work and B's work are the same or broadly similar, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>such differences as there are between their work are not of practical importance in relation to the terms of their work.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-65-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>So on a comparison of one person's work with another's for the purposes of subsection (2), it is necessary to have regard to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-65-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the frequency with which differences between their work occur in practice, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the nature and extent of the differences.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-65-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A's work is rated as equivalent to B's work if a job evaluation study—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-65-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>gives an equal value to A's job and B's job in terms of the demands made on a worker, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>would give an equal value to A's job and B's job in those terms were the evaluation not made on a sex-specific system.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-65-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>A system is sex-specific if, for the purposes of one or more of the demands made on a worker, it sets values for men different from those it sets for women.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-65-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A's work is of equal value to B's work if it is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-65-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>neither like B's work nor rated as equivalent to B's work, but</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-65-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>nevertheless equal to B's work in terms of the demands made on A by reference to factors such as effort, skill and decision-making.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-66"><num>66</num><heading>Sex equality clause</heading><subsection eId="section-66-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>If the terms of A's work do not (by whatever means) include a sex equality clause, they are to be treated as including one.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-66-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p> <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-b834e22e7c5ec20c28b848661e3715a9-1704984065177" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b834e22e7c5ec20c28b848661e3715a9"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-b834e22e7c5ec20c28b848661e3715a9" class="commentary"/>Where this section applies by virtue of section 64(1),</ins> a sex equality clause is a provision that has the following effect—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-66-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>if a term of A's is less favourable to A than a corresponding term of B's is to B, A's term is modified so as not to be less favourable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-66-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if A does not have a term which corresponds to a term of B's that benefits B, A's terms are modified so as to include such a term.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-66-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>Subsection (2)(a) applies to a term of A's relating to membership of or rights under an occupational pension scheme only in so far as a sex equality rule would have effect in relation to the term.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-66-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>In the case of work within section 65(1)(b), a reference in subsection (2) above to a term includes a reference to such terms (if any) as have not been determined by the rating of the work (as well as those that have).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-66-5"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7" class="commentary"/>(5)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7">Where this section applies by virtue of section 64(3), a sex equality clause is a provision that has the effect that if, by virtue of the application of the guaranteed minimum pension provisions, a term of A’s that relates to membership of or rights under the scheme concerned is less favourable to A than it would be if A were of the opposite sex, the term, in so far as a sex equality rule would have effect in relation to it, is modified so as not to be less favourable.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-66-6"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7">(6)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7">“</ins><term refersTo="#term-guaranteed-minimum-pension-provisions"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7">Guaranteed minimum pension provisions</ins></term><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7-1704984096312" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-88eb282f218ba4634273b651efb705b7">” means so much of the Pension Schemes Act 1993 and of any other enactment as relates to guaranteed minimum pensions (within the meaning of that Act).</ins></p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-67"><num>67</num><heading>Sex equality rule</heading><subsection eId="section-67-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>If an occupational pension scheme does not include a sex equality rule, it is to be treated as including one.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p> <ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-c599205a070a48465b6a6c45cd4c652f-1704984203649" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-c599205a070a48465b6a6c45cd4c652f"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-c599205a070a48465b6a6c45cd4c652f" class="commentary"/>Where this section applies by virtue of section 64(1),</ins> a sex equality rule is a provision that has the following effect—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>if a relevant term is less favourable to A than it is to B, the term is modified so as not to be less favourable;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if a term confers a relevant discretion capable of being exercised in a way that would be less favourable to A than to B, the term is modified so as to prevent the exercise of the discretion in that way.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-2A"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd" class="commentary"/>(2A)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">Where this section applies by virtue of section 64(3), a sex equality rule is a provision that has the following effect—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-2A-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">if, by virtue of the application of the guaranteed minimum pension provisions, a relevant term is less favourable to A than it would be if A were of the opposite sex, the term is modified so as not to be less favourable;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-2A-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">if, by virtue of the application of those provisions, a term confers a relevant discretion capable of being exercised in a way that would be less favourable to A than it would be if A were of the opposite sex, the term is modified so as to prevent the exercise of the discretion in that way.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-2B"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">(2B)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">“</ins><term refersTo="#term-guaranteed-minimum-pension-provisions"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">Guaranteed minimum pension provisions</ins></term><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd-1704984234428" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2565ab584c1e62a2c048481310444afd">” means so much of the Pension Schemes Act 1993 and of any other enactment as relates to guaranteed minimum pensions (within the meaning of that Act).</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>A term is relevant if it is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a term on which persons become members of the scheme, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a term on which members of the scheme are treated.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A discretion is relevant if its exercise in relation to the scheme is capable of affecting—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the way in which persons become members of the scheme, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the way in which members of the scheme are treated.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>The reference in subsection (3)(b) to a term on which members of a scheme are treated includes a reference to the term as it has effect for the benefit of dependants of members.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>The reference in subsection (4)(b) to the way in which members of a scheme are treated includes a reference to the way in which they are treated as the scheme has effect for the benefit of dependants of members.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-7"><num><ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27" class="commentary"/>(7)</ins></num><intro><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27">If the effect of a relevant matter on a person (A) differs according to the effect it has on a person of the same sex as A, according to whether A is married, in a civil partnership, or for some other reason due to A’s family status, a comparison for the purposes of this section of the effect of that matter on persons of the opposite sex must be with a person of the opposite sex to A who is in the same position as A and in particular—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-7-a"><num><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27">where A is married to</ins><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"><ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-956c251f6d90244d0c59d25b18368030-1579813641986" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-956c251f6d90244d0c59d25b18368030"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-956c251f6d90244d0c59d25b18368030" class="commentary"/>, or the civil partner of,</ins></ins><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"> someone of the opposite sex, A is to be compared to a person of the opposite sex to A (“B”) where B is married to</ins><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"><ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-b23bcf45546a7777baf491436c4dbaa2-1579813688677" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b23bcf45546a7777baf491436c4dbaa2"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-b23bcf45546a7777baf491436c4dbaa2" class="commentary"/> or (as the case may be) the civil partner of</ins></ins><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"> someone of the opposite sex to B;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-7-b"><num><ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"><ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="key-95cb8fe63360e29b5a5c72f82d17d99e-1579813761550" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-95cb8fe63360e29b5a5c72f82d17d99e"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-95cb8fe63360e29b5a5c72f82d17d99e" class="commentary"/>(b)</ins></ins></num><content><p><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27-1458564788775" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b14c234361b30c525190c4d4c5ec1f27"><ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="key-95cb8fe63360e29b5a5c72f82d17d99e-1579813761550" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-95cb8fe63360e29b5a5c72f82d17d99e">where A is married to, or the civil partner of, someone of the same sex, A is to be compared to B where B is married to or (as the case may be) the civil partner of someone of the same sex as B.</ins></ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-8"><num>(8)</num><intro><p>A relevant matter is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-67-8-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a relevant term;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-8-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a term conferring a relevant discretion;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-67-8-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>the exercise of a relevant discretion in relation to an occupational pension scheme.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>This section, so far as relating to the terms on which persons become members of an occupational pension scheme, does not have effect in relation to pensionable service before 8 April 1976.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-67-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>This section, so far as relating to the terms on which members of an occupational pension scheme are treated, does not have effect in relation to pensionable service before 17 May 1990.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-68"><num>68</num><heading>Sex equality rule: consequential alteration of schemes</heading><subsection eId="section-68-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies if the trustees or managers of an occupational pension scheme do not have power to make sex equality alterations to the scheme.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-68-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>This section also applies if the trustees or managers of an occupational pension scheme have power to make sex equality alterations to the scheme but the procedure for doing so—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-68-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>is liable to be unduly complex or protracted, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-68-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>involves obtaining consents which cannot be obtained or which can be obtained only with undue delay or difficulty.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-68-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>The trustees or managers may by resolution make sex equality alterations to the scheme.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-68-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>Sex equality alterations may have effect in relation to a period before the date on which they are made.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-68-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>Sex equality alterations to an occupational pension scheme are such alterations to the scheme as may be required to secure conformity with a sex equality rule.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-69"><num>69</num><heading>Defence of material factor</heading><subsection eId="section-69-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>The sex equality clause in A's terms has no effect in relation to a difference between A's terms and B's terms if the responsible person shows that the difference is because of a material factor reliance on which—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-69-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>does not involve treating A less favourably because of A's sex than the responsible person treats B, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-69-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if the factor is within subsection (2), is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-69-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A factor is within this subsection if A shows that, as a result of the factor, A and persons of the same sex doing work equal to A's are put at a particular disadvantage when compared with persons of the opposite sex doing work equal to A's.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-69-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>For the purposes of subsection (1), the long-term objective of reducing inequality between men's and women's terms of work is always to be regarded as a legitimate aim.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-69-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A sex equality rule has no effect in relation to a difference between A and B in the effect of a relevant matter if the trustees or managers of the scheme in question show that the difference is because of a material factor which is not the difference of sex.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-69-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-relevant-matter" eId="term-relevant-matter">Relevant matter</term>” has the meaning given in section 67.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-69-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>For the purposes of this section, a factor is not material unless it is a material difference between A's case and B's.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-70"><num>70</num><heading>Exclusion of sex discrimination provisions</heading><subsection eId="section-70-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>The relevant sex discrimination provision has no effect in relation to a term of A's that—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-70-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>is modified by, or included by virtue of, a sex equality clause or rule, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-70-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>would be so modified or included but for section 69 or Part 2 of Schedule 7.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-70-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>Neither of the following is sex discrimination for the purposes of the relevant sex discrimination provision—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-70-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the inclusion in A's terms of a term that is less favourable as referred to in section 66(2)(a);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-70-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the failure to include in A's terms a corresponding term as referred to in section 66(2)(b).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-70-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>The relevant sex discrimination provision is, in relation to work of a description given in the first column of the table, the provision referred to in the second column so far as relating to sex.</p><tblock class="table" ukl:Orientation="portrait"><foreign><default:table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><default:colgroup><default:col style="width:64%"/><default:col style="width:36%"/></default:colgroup><default:tbody><default:tr><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Description of work</i></p></default:th><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Provision</i></p></default:th></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Employment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 39(2)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a personal office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 49(6)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a public office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 50(6)</p></default:td></default:tr></default:tbody></default:table></foreign></tblock></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-71"><num>71</num><heading>Sex discrimination in relation to contractual pay</heading><subsection eId="section-71-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>This section applies in relation to a term of a person's work—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-71-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>that relates to pay, but</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-71-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in relation to which a sex equality clause or rule has no effect.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-71-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>The relevant sex discrimination provision (as defined by section 70) has no effect in relation to the term except in so far as treatment of the person amounts to a contravention of the provision by virtue of section 13 or 14.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-3-crossheading-pregnancy-and-maternity-equality"><heading><i>Pregnancy and maternity equality</i></heading><section eId="section-72"><num>72</num><heading>Relevant types of work</heading><intro><p>Sections 73 to 76 apply where a woman—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-72-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>is employed, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-72-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>holds a personal or public office.</p></content></level></section><section eId="section-73"><num>73</num><heading>Maternity equality clause</heading><subsection eId="section-73-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>If the terms of the woman's work do not (by whatever means) include a maternity equality clause, they are to be treated as including one.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-73-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A maternity equality clause is a provision that, in relation to the terms of the woman's work, has the effect referred to in section 74(1), (6) and (8).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-73-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>In the case of a term relating to membership of or rights under an occupational pension scheme, a maternity equality clause has only such effect as a maternity equality rule would have.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-74"><num>74</num><heading>Maternity equality clause: pay</heading><subsection eId="section-74-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>A term of the woman's work that provides for maternity-related pay to be calculated by reference to her pay at a particular time is, if each of the following three conditions is satisfied, modified as mentioned in subsection (5).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>The first condition is that, after the time referred to in subsection (1) but before the end of the protected period—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>her pay increases, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>it would have increased had she not been on maternity leave.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>The second condition is that the maternity-related pay is not—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>what her pay would have been had she not been on maternity leave, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the difference between the amount of statutory maternity pay to which she is entitled and what her pay would have been had she not been on maternity leave.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>The third condition is that the terms of her work do not provide for the maternity-related pay to be subject to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>an increase as mentioned in subsection (2)(a), or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>an increase that would have occurred as mentioned in subsection (2)(b).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>The modification referred to in subsection (1) is a modification to provide for the maternity-related pay to be subject to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>any increase as mentioned in subsection (2)(a), or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>any increase that would have occurred as mentioned in subsection (2)(b).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A term of her work that—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>provides for pay within subsection (7), but</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>does not provide for her to be given the pay in circumstances in which she would have been given it had she not been on maternity leave,</p></content></level><wrapUp><p>is modified so as to provide for her to be given it in circumstances in which it would normally be given.</p></wrapUp></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-7"><num>(7)</num><intro><p>Pay is within this subsection if it is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-7-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>pay (including pay by way of bonus) in respect of times before the woman is on maternity leave,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-7-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>pay by way of bonus in respect of times when she is on compulsory maternity leave, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-7-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>pay by way of bonus in respect of times after the end of the protected period.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-8"><num>(8)</num><intro><p>A term of the woman's work that—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-8-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>provides for pay after the end of the protected period, but</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-8-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>does not provide for it to be subject to an increase to which it would have been subject had she not been on maternity leave,</p></content></level><wrapUp><p>is modified so as to provide for it to be subject to the increase.</p></wrapUp></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-9"><num>(9)</num><intro><p>Maternity-related pay is pay (other than statutory maternity pay) to which a woman is entitled—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-74-9-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>as a result of being pregnant, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-74-9-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in respect of times when she is on maternity leave.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-74-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>A reference to the protected period is to be construed in accordance with section 18.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-75"><num>75</num><heading>Maternity equality rule</heading><subsection eId="section-75-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>If an occupational pension scheme does not include a maternity equality rule, it is to be treated as including one.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A maternity equality rule is a provision that has the effect set out in subsections (3) and (4).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>If a relevant term does not treat time when the woman is on maternity leave as it treats time when she is not, the term is modified so as to treat time when she is on maternity leave as time when she is not.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>If a term confers a relevant discretion capable of being exercised so that time when she is on maternity leave is treated differently from time when she is not, the term is modified so as not to allow the discretion to be exercised in that way.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A term is relevant if it is—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-75-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a term relating to membership of the scheme,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a term relating to the accrual of rights under the scheme, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-5-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>a term providing for the determination of the amount of a benefit payable under the scheme.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>A discretion is relevant if its exercise is capable of affecting—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-75-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>membership of the scheme,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the accrual of rights under the scheme, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-6-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>the determination of the amount of a benefit payable under the scheme.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>This section does not require the woman's contributions to the scheme in respect of time when she is on maternity leave to be determined otherwise than by reference to the amount she is paid in respect of that time.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>This section, so far as relating to time when she is on ordinary maternity leave but is not being paid by her employer, applies only in a case where the expected week of childbirth began on or after 6 April 2003.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-9"><num>(9)</num><intro><p>This section, so far as relating to time when she is on additional maternity leave but is not being paid by her employer—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-75-9-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>does not apply to the accrual of rights under the scheme in any case;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-9-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>applies for other purposes only in a case where the expected week of childbirth began on or after 5 October 2008.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-75-10"><num>(10)</num><intro><p>In this section—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-75-10-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>a reference to being on maternity leave includes a reference to having been on maternity leave, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-75-10-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a reference to being paid by the employer includes a reference to receiving statutory maternity pay from the employer.</p></content></level></subsection></section><section eId="section-76"><num>76</num><heading>Exclusion of pregnancy and maternity discrimination provisions</heading><subsection eId="section-76-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>The relevant pregnancy and maternity discrimination provision has no effect in relation to a term of the woman's work that is modified by a maternity equality clause or rule.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-76-1A"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c21893741" class="commentary"/>(1A)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741">The relevant pregnancy and maternity discrimination provision has no effect in relation to a term of the woman's work—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-76-1A-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741">that relates to pay, but</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-76-1A-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p7695" ukl:CommentaryRef="c21893741">in relation to which a maternity equality clause or rule has no effect.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-76-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>The inclusion in the woman's terms of a term that requires modification by virtue of section 73(2) or (3) is not pregnancy and maternity discrimination for the purposes of the relevant pregnancy and maternity discrimination provision.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-76-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>The relevant pregnancy and maternity discrimination provision is, in relation to a description of work given in the first column of the table, the provision referred to in the second column so far as relating to pregnancy and maternity.</p><tblock class="table" ukl:Orientation="portrait"><foreign><default:table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><default:colgroup><default:col style="width:65%"/><default:col style="width:35%"/></default:colgroup><default:tbody><default:tr><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Description of work</i></p></default:th><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Provision</i></p></default:th></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Employment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 39(2)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a personal office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 49(6)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a public office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Section 50(6)</p></default:td></default:tr></default:tbody></default:table></foreign></tblock></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-3-crossheading-disclosure-of-information"><heading><i>Disclosure of information</i></heading><section eId="section-77"><num>77</num><heading>Discussions about pay</heading><subsection eId="section-77-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>A term of a person's work that purports to prevent or restrict the person (P) from disclosing or seeking to disclose information about the terms of P's work is unenforceable against P in so far as P makes or seeks to make a relevant pay disclosure.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-77-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>A term of a person's work that purports to prevent or restrict the person (P) from seeking disclosure of information from a colleague about the terms of the colleague's work is unenforceable against P in so far as P seeks a relevant pay disclosure from the colleague; and “<term refersTo="#term-colleague" eId="term-colleague">colleague</term>” includes a former colleague in relation to the work in question.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-77-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>A disclosure is a relevant pay disclosure if made for the purpose of enabling the person who makes it, or the person to whom it is made, to find out whether or to what extent there is, in relation to the work in question, a connection between pay and having (or not having) a particular protected characteristic.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-77-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>The following are to be treated as protected acts for the purposes of the relevant victimisation provision—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-77-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>seeking a disclosure that would be a relevant pay disclosure;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-77-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>making or seeking to make a relevant pay disclosure;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-77-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>receiving information disclosed in a relevant pay disclosure.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-77-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>The relevant victimisation provision is, in relation to a description of work specified in the first column of the table, section 27 so far as it applies for the purposes of a provision mentioned in the second column.</p><tblock class="table" ukl:Orientation="portrait"><foreign><default:table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><default:colgroup><default:col style="width:55%"/><default:col style="width:45%"/></default:colgroup><default:tbody><default:tr><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Description of work</i></p></default:th><default:th><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"><i>Provision by virtue of which section 27 has effect</i></p></default:th></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Employment</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"> Section 39(3) or (4)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a personal office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"> Section 49(5) or (8)</p></default:td></default:tr><default:tr><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0">Appointment to a public office</p></default:td><default:td><p xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"> Section 50(5) or (9)</p></default:td></default:tr></default:tbody></default:table></foreign></tblock></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-78"><num>78</num><heading>Gender pay gap information</heading><subsection eId="section-78-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>Regulations may require employers to publish information relating to the pay of employees for the purpose of showing whether, by reference to factors of such description as is prescribed, there are differences in the pay of male and female employees.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>This section does not apply to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>an employer who has fewer than 250 employees;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>a person specified in Schedule 19;</p></content></level></subsection><level class="para1" eId="section-78-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>a government department or part of the armed forces not specified in that Schedule.</p></content></level><subsection eId="section-78-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>The regulations may prescribe—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>descriptions of employer;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>descriptions of employee;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>how to calculate the number of employees that an employer has;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>descriptions of information;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-e"><num>(e)</num><content><p>the time at which information is to be published;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-3-f"><num>(f)</num><content><p>the form and manner in which it is to be published.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>Regulations under subsection (3)(e) may not require an employer, after the first publication of information, to publish information more frequently than at intervals of 12 months.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>The regulations may make provision for a failure to comply with the regulations—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>to be an offence punishable on summary conviction by a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>to be enforced, otherwise than as an offence, by such means as are prescribed.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>The reference to a failure to comply with the regulations includes a reference to a failure by a person acting on behalf of an employer.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="chapter-3-crossheading-equality-action-plans"><heading><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1" class="commentary"/>Equality action plans</ins></heading><section eId="section-78A"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">78A</ins></num><heading><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">Equality action plans</ins></heading><subsection eId="section-78A-1"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(1)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">Regulations may require employers to—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-1-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">develop and publish a plan (an “equality action plan”) showing the steps that the employers are taking in relation to their employees with regard to prescribed matters related to gender equality, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-1-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">publish prescribed information relating to the plan.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-2"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(2)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">This section does not apply to—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-2-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">an employer with fewer than 250 employees;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-2-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(b)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">a public authority, other than—</ins></p></intro><level class="para2" eId="section-78A-2-b-i"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(i)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">a public authority specified in Part 1 of Schedule 19, or</ins></p></content></level><level class="para2" eId="section-78A-2-b-ii"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(ii)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">a public authority specified in Part 4 of Schedule 19 with the letter “D” included after the entry.</ins></p></content></level></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-3"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(3)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">For the purposes of subsection (1), a matter is related to gender equality if it is related to advancing equality of opportunity between male and female employees.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-4"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(4)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">Accordingly, matters related to gender equality include—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-4-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">addressing the gender pay gap, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-4-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">supporting employees going through the menopause.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-5"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(5)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">The regulations may, among other things, make provision about—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">the content of a plan;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">the form and manner in which a plan or information is to be published;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-c"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(c)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">when and how frequently a plan or information is to be published or revised;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-d"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(d)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">requirements for senior approval before a plan or information is published;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-e"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(e)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">descriptions of employers;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-f"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(f)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">descriptions of employee;</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-5-g"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(g)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">descriptions of information.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-6"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(6)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">The regulations may not require an employer, after the first publication of information, to publish information more frequently than at intervals of 12 months.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-7"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(7)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">The regulations may make provision for a failure to comply with the regulations to be enforced, otherwise than as an offence, by such means as are prescribed.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-8"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(8)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">The reference to a failure to comply with the regulations includes a reference to a failure by a person acting on behalf of an employer.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-78A-9"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(9)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">A Minister of the Crown must consult—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-9-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">the Commission, before making regulations under this section that apply to a public authority, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-78A-9-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1-1775549462460" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-70f5d8755c83d10c34a70742aa0dbcb1">the Welsh Ministers, before making regulations under this section that apply to a public authority specified in Part 4 of Schedule 19 with the letter “D” included after the entry.</ins></p></content></level></subsection></section></hcontainer><hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-5-chapter-3-crossheading-supplementary"><heading><i>Supplementary</i></heading><section eId="section-79"><num>79</num><heading>Comparators</heading><subsection eId="section-79-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of this Chapter.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>If A is employed, B is a comparator if subsection <ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-5e671ce572877f6762da7ff8050e5587-1704986766150" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-5e671ce572877f6762da7ff8050e5587"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-5e671ce572877f6762da7ff8050e5587" class="commentary"/>(3), (4), (4A) or (4B)</ins> applies.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>This subsection applies if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>B is employed by A's employer or by an associate of A's employer, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>A and B work at the same establishment.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>This subsection applies if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>B is employed by A's employer or an associate of A's employer,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>B works at an establishment other than the one at which A works, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-4-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>common terms apply at the establishments (either generally or as between A and B).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-4A"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3" class="commentary"/>(4A)</ins></num><intro><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">This subsection applies if a single body—</ins></p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-4A-a"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">(a)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">is responsible for setting or continuing the terms on which A and B are employed, and</ins></p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-4A-b"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">(b)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">is in a position to ensure equal treatment between A and B in respect of such terms.</ins></p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-4B"><num><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">(4B)</ins></num><content><p><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3-1704986693718" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d8eda9452c0b9992336ceec40d11e2c3">This subsection applies if the terms on which A and B are employed are governed by the same collective agreement.</ins></p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>If A holds a personal or public office, B is a comparator if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>B holds a personal or public office, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>the person responsible for paying A is also responsible for paying B.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-6"><num>(6)</num><intro><p>If A is a relevant member of the House of Commons staff, B is a comparator if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-6-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>B is employed by the person who is A's employer under subsection (6) of section 195 of the Employment Rights Act 1996, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-6-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if subsection (7) of that section applies in A's case, B is employed by the person who is A's employer under that subsection.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>If A is a relevant member of the House of Lords staff, B is a comparator if B is also a relevant member of the House of Lords staff.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>Section 42 does not apply to this Chapter; accordingly, for the purposes of this Chapter only, holding the office of constable is to be treated as holding a personal office.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-9"><num>(9)</num><intro><p>For the purposes of this section, employers are associated if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-79-9-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>one is a company of which the other (directly or indirectly) has control, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-79-9-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>both are companies of which a third person (directly or indirectly) has control.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-79-10"><num><ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe-1704986716091" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe"><noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe" class="commentary"/>(10)</ins></num><content><p><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe-1704986716091" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe">In subsection (4B) “</ins><term refersTo="#term-collective-agreement"><ins ukl:ChangeId="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe-1704986716091" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe">collective agreement</ins></term><ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe-1704986716091" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-7051f51f1a2cc1c51cd61d7f8a103afe">” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (see section 178 of that Act).</ins></p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-80"><num>80</num><heading>Interpretation and exceptions</heading><subsection eId="section-80-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of this Chapter.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>The terms of a person's work are—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-80-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>if the person is employed, the terms of the person's employment that are in the person's contract of employment, contract of apprenticeship or contract to do work personally;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-80-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if the person holds a personal or public office, the terms of the person's appointment to the office.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>If work is not done at an establishment, it is to be treated as done at the establishment with which it has the closest connection.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-4"><num>(4)</num><intro><p>A person (P) is the responsible person in relation to another person if—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-80-4-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>P is the other's employer;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-80-4-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>P is responsible for paying remuneration in respect of a personal or public office that the other holds.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>A job evaluation study is a study undertaken with a view to evaluating, in terms of the demands made on a person by reference to factors such as effort, skill and decision-making, the jobs to be done—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-80-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>by some or all of the workers in an undertaking or group of undertakings, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-80-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>in the case of the armed forces, by some or all of the members of the armed forces.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>In the case of Crown employment, the reference in subsection (5)(a) to an undertaking is to be construed in accordance with section 191(4) of the Employment Rights Act 1996.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-7"><num><noteRef href="#key-c72d5c7d6fc0d5545698575cbeb5acf8" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>(7)</num><content><p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-80-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>Schedule 7 (exceptions) has effect.</p></content></subsection></section></hcontainer></chapter><chapter eId="part-5-chapter-4"><num>Chapter 4</num><heading>Supplementary</heading><section eId="section-81"><num>81</num><heading>Ships and hovercraft</heading><subsection eId="section-81-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>This Part applies in relation to—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-81-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>work on ships,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-81-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>work on hovercraft, and</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-81-1-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>seafarers,</p></content></level><wrapUp><p>only in such circumstances as are prescribed.</p></wrapUp></subsection><subsection eId="section-81-2"><num>(2)</num><content><p>For the purposes of this section, it does not matter whether employment arises or work is carried out within or outside the United Kingdom.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-81-3"><num>(3)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-ship" eId="term-ship">Ship</term>” has the same meaning as in the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-81-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-hovercraft" eId="term-hovercraft">Hovercraft</term>” has the same meaning as in the Hovercraft Act 1968.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-81-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-seafarer" eId="term-seafarer">Seafarer</term>” means a person employed or engaged in any capacity on board a ship or hovercraft.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-81-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>Nothing in this section affects the application of any other provision of this Act to conduct outside England and Wales or Scotland.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-82"><num>82</num><heading>Offshore work</heading><subsection eId="section-82-1"><num>(1)</num><intro><p>Her Majesty may by Order in Council provide that in the case of persons in offshore work—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-82-1-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>specified provisions of this Part apply (with or without modification);</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-1-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>Northern Ireland legislation making provision for purposes corresponding to any of the purposes of this Part applies (with or without modification).</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>The Order may—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-82-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>provide for these provisions, as applied by the Order, to apply to individuals (whether or not British citizens) and bodies corporate (whether or not incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom), whether or not such application affects activities outside the United Kingdom;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>make provision for conferring jurisdiction on a specified court or class of court or on employment tribunals in respect of offences, causes of action or other matters arising in connection with offshore work;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>exclude from the operation of section 3 of the Territorial Waters Jurisdiction Act 1878 (consents required for prosecutions) proceedings for offences under the provisions mentioned in subsection (1) in connection with offshore work;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>provide that such proceedings must not be brought without such consent as may be required by the Order.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>“Offshore work” is work for the purposes of—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-82-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>activities in the territorial sea adjacent to the United Kingdom,</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>activities such as are mentioned in subsection (2) of section 11 of the Petroleum Act 1998 in waters within subsection (8)(b) or (c) of that section, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-82-3-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>activities mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b) of section 87(1) of the Energy Act 2004 in waters to which that section applies.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>Work includes employment, contract work, a position as a partner or as a member of an <abbr class="acronym" title="Limited Liability Partnership">LLP</abbr>, or an appointment to a personal or public office.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-5"><num>(5)</num><content><p>Northern Ireland legislation includes an enactment contained in, or in an instrument under, an Act that forms part of the law of Northern Ireland.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>In the application to Northern Ireland of subsection (2)(b), the reference to employment tribunals is to be read as a reference to industrial tribunals.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-82-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>Nothing in this section affects the application of any other provision of this Act to conduct outside England and Wales or Scotland.</p></content></subsection></section><section eId="section-83"><num>83</num><heading>Interpretation and exceptions</heading><subsection eId="section-83-1"><num>(1)</num><content><p>This section applies for the purposes of this Part.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-2"><num>(2)</num><intro><p>“<term refersTo="#term-employment" eId="term-employment">Employment</term>” means—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-83-2-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>employment under a contract of employment, a contract of apprenticeship or a contract personally to do work;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-83-2-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>Crown employment;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-83-2-c"><num>(c)</num><content><p>employment as a relevant member of the House of Commons staff;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-83-2-d"><num>(d)</num><content><p>employment as a relevant member of the House of Lords staff.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-3"><num>(3)</num><intro><p>This Part applies to service in the armed forces as it applies to employment by a private person; and for that purpose—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-83-3-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>references to terms of employment, or to a contract of employment, are to be read as including references to terms of service;</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-83-3-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>references to associated employers are to be ignored.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-4"><num>(4)</num><content><p>A reference to an employer or an employee, or to employing or being employed, is (subject to section 212(11)) to be read with subsections (2) and (3); and a reference to an employer also includes a reference to a person who has no employees but is seeking to employ one or more other persons.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-5"><num>(5)</num><intro><p>“<term refersTo="#term-relevant-member-of-the-house-of-commons-staff" eId="term-relevant-member-of-the-house-of-commons-staff">Relevant member of the House of Commons staff</term>” has the meaning given in section 195 of the Employment Rights Act 1996; and such a member of staff is an employee of—</p></intro><level class="para1" eId="section-83-5-a"><num>(a)</num><content><p>the person who is the employer of that member under subsection (6) of that section, or</p></content></level><level class="para1" eId="section-83-5-b"><num>(b)</num><content><p>if subsection (7) of that section applies in the case of that member, the person who is the employer of that member under that subsection.</p></content></level></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-6"><num>(6)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-relevant-member-of-the-house-of-lords-staff" eId="term-relevant-member-of-the-house-of-lords-staff">Relevant member of the House of Lords staff</term>” has the meaning given in section 194 of that Act (which provides that such a member of staff is an employee of the Corporate Officer of the House of Lords).</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-7"><num>(7)</num><content><p>In the case of a person in Crown employment, or in employment as a relevant member of the House of Commons staff, a reference to the person's dismissal is a reference to the termination of the person's employment.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-8"><num>(8)</num><content><p>A reference to a personal or public office, or to an appointment to a personal or public office, is to be construed in accordance with section 52.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-9"><num>(9)</num><content><p>“<term refersTo="#term-crown-employment" eId="term-crown-employment">Crown employment</term>” has the meaning given in section 191 of the Employment Rights Act 1996.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-10"><num>(10)</num><content><p>Schedule 8 (reasonable adjustments) has effect.</p></content></subsection><subsection eId="section-83-11"><num>(11)</num><content><p>Schedule 9 (exceptions) has effect.</p></content></subsection></section></chapter></part>