Philippines - Manila Second Sewerage Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 7 of 27) : Initial Environmental Examination of Project no. 5 ; San Miguel village, Makati City

E94 Volume 7 Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Manila Water Company, Inc. Initial Environmental Examination of the Community Sanitation Project Manila Second Sewerage Project IBRD 4019 Project No. 5 San Miguel Village Makati City, Philippines Prepared by: Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Rd, Balara, Quezon City December 2001 -F Er fyi l  TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Executive Summary 7 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 12 1.1 BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION 12 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 12 1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE 14 1.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 16 1.4.1 Pre-Operational/Construction Phase 16 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan 16 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Development Block 16 1.4.1.3 Estimate of Total Area to be Opened for Civil Works 16 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities 16 1.4.1.5 Types of Equipment to be Used 19 1.4.1.6 Source of Construction Materials and Facilities 19 1.4.1.7 Support Services and Facilities Requirements and 20 Availability 1.4.1.8 Estimate of Total Cut Soil Volume 20 1.4.1.9 Total Manpower Requirement 20 1.4.2 Operational Phase 21 1.4.2.1 Project Operation Schedule and Duration 21 1.4.2.2 Process Technology and Activities 21 1.4.2.3 Waste Production Scheme 22 1.4.2.4 Manpower Requirement 24 1.4.3 Abandonment Phase 24 2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 25 2.1 STUDY METHODOLOGY 25 2.2 LAND 25 2.2.1 Land Resource Utilization 25 2  2.2.2 Physiography and Geology 25 2.2.3 Vegetation and Wildlife 25 2.2.4 Land Acquisition Assessment 27 2.3 WATER 27 2.3.1 Inventory of Water Bodies 27 2.3.2 Water Quality (Surface/Ground) 27 2.4 AIR 27 2.5 PEOPLE 28 2.5.1 Population/Beneficiary 28 2.5.2 Project Affected Persons 28 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 29 4.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 29 4.1 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION 29 4.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase 30 4.1.2 Impacts During Operation Phase 32 4.2 IMPACT PREDICTION AND EVALUATION 33 4.3 UNAVOIDABLE AND RESIDUAL IMPACTS 35 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 35 5.1 IMPACTS MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT PLAN 35 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTION PLAN 40 6.0 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION PROCESS 41  LIST OF FIGURES NO. FIGURE- -= PAGE NO. 1 Location Map of San Miguel Village 13 2 Existing Drainage System Layout 15 3 Proposed Implementation Schedule 17 4 Proposed Sewer Collection System Layout 18 5 General Treatment Process Scheme 23 6 Photographs of STP Site 26 4  LIST OF TABLES NO. ' 4 TABLE P pAGE NO. 1 Analysis of Sample of Septic Tank Effluent Quality 14 2 Estimates of Soil Excavation Volumes 20 3 Influent Flow Characteristics 21 4 DENR Effluent Parameters for Class C Waters 22 5 Sources and List of Potential Environmental 29 Impacts Typical Noise Emissions of Construction 6 Equipment at Various Distances from Source in 31 dB(A) 7 Sludge Production of Various Wastewater 33 Treatment Processes 8 Summary of Assessment of Environmental 34 Issues/Impacts 9 Environmental Management Plan 35 10 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan 40 11 Institutional Monitoring 41 5  LIST OF ANNEXES Manila Water Company STARRT Card for Monitoring Construction Works 2 Wastewater Quality Monitoring Schedule Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2001-06- 3 25-114-211 4 Manila Water PCO Report Format 5 Sample Monitoring Sheet for Effluent Quality 6 Endorsement from the Barangay Captain Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) for the project between 7 San Miguel Village Association, Inc. (SMVAI) and Manila Water Company Draft MOA among SMVAI, Ayala Corporation and Manila 8 Water Company which includes agreements on the use of the STP lot 6  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed project for San Miguel Village is one of the twenty-three (23) sub- projects of the Community Sanitation Project Phase 1, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted Manila Second Sewerage Project (MSSP). The project is intended to reduce the current wastewater pollution discharged to the Pasig River by the two hundred and six (206) residential units and six (6) commercial establishments within the village. The project involves the construction of a sewerage system using combined sewage and drainage flows collection and treatment. Specifically, the project includes the construction and installation of: (I) an underground centralized sewage treatment plant (STP), (ii) seven hundred (700) meters of sewer mains and appurtenances, (iii) three (3) interceptor chambers, (iv) three (3) underground lift stations and (v) forty six (46) sewer service connections. A Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) for the project was executed between the San Miguel Village Association, Inc. (SMVAI) and Manila Water Company. The Barangay Captain of Poblacion also endorsed this project. In conformity with the requirements of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2001-06-25-114-211 pursuant to P.D. 1586 was secured for the project. I. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS San Miguel Village was developed in 1961 by the then Makati Development Corporation (now Ayala Corporation). The village is situated in the northern portion of Makati City in Metro Manila and is bounded by J. P. Rizal Avenue in the north, Nicanor Garcia Street (formerly Reposo Street) in the west, Spring Street in the east and Kalayaan Avenue (formerly imelda Avenue) in the south. The village has a total land area of 10 hectares, 80% of which are residential areas, 13% are commercial areas and the remaining 7% are parks, playgrounds and common areas. Floral population within the village constitutes ornamental plants and trees. Faunal population is limited to household pets. The area is characterized by a relatively even distribution of precipitation during the year. Like in most parts of Metro Manila, the village has two distinct seasons: the dry season during the months of November to May and the wet season during the months of June to October. 7  There is no existing sewerage system in San Miguel Village. Wastewater is partially treated in individual septic tanks and flows to the drainage system which discharges to Pasig River. At present, Pasig River does not meet the Class C standards (i.e., suitable for propagation and growth of fishes, recreational uses and industrial water supply) especially during the summer months when there are no sufficient inflows. At these times, the BOD in Pasig River reaches 120 mg/L, which is 12 times higher than the permitted level for Class C water; DO drops to zero; and total coliforms exceed the MPN/100 ml standard by up to several thousand degrees. II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING MEASURES Potential Environmental Mitigating Measures Impact CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Poor quality of * Manila Water Company will monitor the supply and installation construction contract to assure quality of equipment and construction. Site Managers and Engineers with experience in construction management shall approve all materials and equipment to be used and installed at the site. * The contractor will be required to post a performance bond for the Design and Construction Contract of the sewerage system. 2. Air pollution * Efficient construction planning and work scheduling (suspended particulates, * Formulation of appropriate work plans, work scheduling, work odor and fumes, vehicle specifications and work methodologies emissions e.g. C02, CO * Provision of properly maintained storage area for keeping NO,) stocks of construction materials and equipment * Prompt and fast removal of excavated materials or dredges spoils from construction site * Sprinkling of water on dust generating mounds resulting from earthmoving activities and civil works. * Control of motor vehicle emissions * Dust accumulation will also be prevented through proper washing of construction vehicles prior to departure from the site * Development and enforcement of strict health and safety pollution control regulations specific for the project site - Good housekeeping of workplace and construction affected areas - Use of Protective Gear by all workers 8  3. Water pollution due to * Provide temporary drain systems and storage facilities for wastewater, oil I excavation soils, fuel and oils needed for equipment leakage/spills * Cautious and sensible planning for construction and post- construction phases of the project * Provision of a routine chemical and oil spill clean-up plan * Formulation of a monitoring program 4. Noise pollution from * Establish temporary sound barriers around the work site operation of construction * Proper scheduling and phasing of high-noise activities equipment * Use of appropriate mufflers and sound proofing for construction machinery, equipment and engines * Use of Personnel Protective Equipment by all workers 5. Temporary disruption of * Public information campaign posting schedule of construction traffic flow within the * Provision of a liaison officer from the SMVAI to assist in the village information dissemination regarding inevitable changes in schedule of vehicular operations * Provision of temporary alternative routes, including visible traffic warning signals * Scheduling of delivery materials and removal of excavated material during non-rush hour periods OPERATIONAL PHASE 1. Environmental hazards * Carefully designed post-construction maintenance, due to accidents, man- contingency and monitoring programs made or natural * Well designed plan for detection of accident or natural events disasters e.g. accidental including precautionary and remedial measures to be spills, fire, seismic observed activity, earthquakes, * Provision of preventive and remedial procedural manuals at heavy rain/ooding and workplace design failure * Adequate plans for environmental rehabilitation and restoration of site and removal of temporary structures and facilities installed during the construction phase 2. Water Pollution (effluent * Wastewater discharged by the STP shall conform with the discharge) Effluent Standards set forth in DENR Administrative Order 34 and 35 for Class C waters * Regular monitoring of wastewater effluent by the Manila Water Company Central Laboratory * Regular check on sewer mains to prevent discharge/seepage of untreated wastewater to the environment 9  3. Noise Pollution (STP * Use of appropriate mounting for machinery to minimize equipment, lift stations) vibration * All mechanical/electrical equipment shall be installed inside enclosures * Motors shall be provided with soundproofing devices * Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate tree species 4. Solid Waste * Regular collection and disposal of solid waste collected in the (in the interceptor interceptor chambers and generated within and by the STP chambers and generated * Disposal of generated sludge will be in accordance with within and by the STP) established procedures of relevant authorities (disposal of sludge for use as soil conditioner) 5. Odors (organic and sulfur * Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with compounds coming from appropriate tree species raw wastewater and * Provision of landscape which will improve the aesthetic of the during desludging of area by planting green strips using appropriate plant or tree septic tanks) species * Use of vacuum trucks for desludging of septic tanks * Provision of odor control mechanisms (deodorizer/adsorbent/masking agent) to prevent malodorous emissions 6. Maintenance and * Regular asset condition monitoring by Manila Water Company Operation of the System personnel * Poor maintenance of * Regular maintenance works for the STP and lift stations mechanical equipment (pumps and motors), sewer network, interceptor equipment (pumps chambers and septic tanks and motors) * Adequate training of STP and lift stations operators * Connections * A liaison officer from the SMVAI will assist the STP and lift stations operators in assuring the facilities' efficient operation * Provision of adequate maintenance equipment and spares for the sewerage system facilities 10  Ill. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring will be the responsibility of Manila Water Company. Construction Phase Compliance with Manila * At STP site and its * On-the-spot daily inspection Water Company health and perimeter and monitoring will be safety policies (dust * Other excavation sites implemented by the Health emissions, good (sewer mains, and Safety Dept. of Manila housekeeping, noise, odors) interceptor chambers, Water Company using the lift stations and service Safety Task Analysis Risk connections) Reduction Talk (STARRT) * Equipment and Card (Annex 1) materials storage area Traffic * Ingress and egress to * Daily the construction site Operational Phase Effluent Water Quality * Influent * Annex 2 describes in detail the for parameters like pH, 5-day * Samples from schedule of wastewater quality BOD, COD, Total coliform, Treatment stages monitoring suspended solids, and oil and * Effluent grease Odor * STP site and * Daily perimeter Sludge accumulation/clogging * At STP site * Weekly * Sewer network  1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Basic Project Information Name of Project : SAN MIGUEL VILLAGE COMMUNITY SANITATION PROJECT MANILA SECOND SEWERAGE PROJECT Address : San Miguel Village, Barangay Poblacion, Makati City, Philippines Contact Persons Leonor C. Cleofas Manager, Engineering and Project Management Office Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Ground Floor, Engineering Building, MWSS Complex, 489 Katipunan Road, Balara, Quezon City 1105 Tel No. (632) 920-5413; (632) 920-5521 to 40 locals 3570/3569 Telefax: (632) 922-2568 Ma. Fiorella De Los Reyes-Fabella Wastewater Project Development Manager Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Road, 1105 Balara, Quezon City, Philippines Tel No. (632)981-8147; (632)926-7999 loc2032 Fax (632) 981-8106 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION The proposed project for San Miguel Village is one of the twenty-three (23) sub- projects of the Community Sanitation Project Phase 1, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted MSSP. The service area covers the residential units and commercial establishments along Fatima, Lourdes, Carmel, F. Zobel, M. Layug, D. Oliman and Candelaria Street. The project site is easily accessible from either J. P. Rizal Avenue or Kalayaan Avenue. Figure 1 presents the location map of the project 12  Figure 1 Location Map D 0.1 012 kilometers 13  1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE In Metro Manila, untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater is the major source of pollution of inland waters. Most residential houses in Metro Manila treat their wastewater by means of septic tanks, which do not provide adequate treatment to satisfy the DENR requirements for wastewater effluent standards. Moreover, majority of septic tanks in Metro Manila is not properly maintained. This situation has led to the deterioration of the Pasig River and other inland waters. The DENR has estimated that around 60% of the pollution load to Pasig River come from domestic discharges. There is therefore an urgent need to establish collection and treatment methods that will help reduce the pollution load to inland waters. The provision of an efficient and cost-effective sewage collection, treatment and disposal is the primary objective of the Community Sanitation Project under the MSSP. This project specifically aims to address the problems of inadequate wastewater treatment and disposal in San Miguel Village. Figure 2 shows the current system in the Village where individual septic tanks discharge polluted effluent into the drainage lines. Inadequate treatment of wastewater in septic tanks is indicated by the analysis of the effluent of one of the septic tanks in the area (see Table 1). The project will help reduce public health risks and environmental pollution from untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater by providing a sustainable sanitation and sewerage facility. It will also serve as a good illustration of proper sanitation especially to the neighboring communities near Pasig River. Table 1 Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality from San Miguel Village pH 6.5-9 7.8 @ 24.3