China - Guigang Multi-Purpose Navigation Project : environmental action plan and environmental monitoring plan (Vol. 12 of 12)

-~~c - CHINA INLAND WATERWAYS PROJECT (LN. 39106-CHA) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT SUMMARY PART C I / '-" , X - - e  CONTENTS 1 General 1.1. Policy for organization work 1.2. Bases and standards of environment impact assessment 1.3. Target of environment impact assessment report work 2. Brief project intruduction 2.1. Purpose 2.2 Introduction 3. Environment conditions 3.1 Topography and Geology 3.2 Climate 3.3 Social economy 3.4 Traffic transportation 3.5 History culture 4. Environment quality situation 4. 1. Water quality 4.2 Noise 4.3 Atmosphere quality 4.4 Bottom mud 5. Environment impact assessment and protection measures 5.1 Clarification of Environment impact problems 5.2 Impact on Local economy 5.3 Impact during construction 5.4 Impact after operation 6. Environment protection organization and environment monitoring 6.1 Environment protection organization 6.2 Environment monitoring 7. Investment for prevention measures of environment impact 8. Training plan for environneni protection staff 9. Main points of environment protection action plan (see Annex) I  1. General The outline of environsent impact assessment work for Zhejiang Province Inland Waterway Network Reconstruction Project was prepared by the Zhejiang Provincial Environment Protection Research Institute with cLass A certificate approved by the National Environment Protection Aqency (NEPA), reviewed and approved by the NEPA and Zhejiang Provincial Environment Protection Bureau in November 1992. The EIA as part of the preliminary design report was finished between Deceaber 1992 and March 1993 meeting the National Environment Protection Agency conditions. In April 1993, during the WB mission visiting Hangzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Department of Conmunication(ZPDIC) submitted 7 subprojects environment ipact assessnent reports in English. According to the requirement of the Aide-aemoire ZPDIC compiled 7 environment protection action plans in English and submitted to the World Bank in October, 1993. 1.1 Policy for organization work The domestic procedures for Zhejiang Province Inland Waterway Network Reconstruction Project have been completed. 1.2 Bases and standards of EIA The EIA for the project is in terms of following bases and standards: (1). Bases a. Environment protection law of People's Republic of China. b. Water pollution prevention law of People's Republic of China. c. Environment protection administration law for traffic project. (2). Stardands a. Surface water environment quality stardand b. Atmosphere environnent quality standard c. Urban environment noise standard d. Regional Environment noise stardands for urban port and river banks e. Pollutant control stardand for agricultural mud. f. Ship pollutant discharge standard. 1.3 Target of environment impact assessment report work 2  (1). Channel reconstruction works a. Water quality: construction period: disdurbance of dredging under water earthwork. operation period, Pollutant discharged by ship. b. Waste soil: construction periods from channel widenning and disposal of dredged soil c. Noise: construction period, not continuous machinery noise operation period: random and not steady noise from mechanic ship. (2). Port works a. Atmosphere: construction period, fine dust operation period, coal dust. b. Water quality: construction period, rain water discharge operation period, port area rain water and sewerage water discharge. c. Noiset construction period: not continuous machinery noise operation period, handling machinary operation noise. 2. Brief project introduction 2.1 Purpose Zhejiang province inland waterway reconstruction project includes: Hangzhou-Beijing Grand Canal, Changxing-Huzhou-Shanghai Channel, Hangzhou-Shanghai Channel, Zhapu-Jiaxing-Suzhou-Channel ( within Zhejiang province) Jiaxing railway-waterway tansfer port district, Huzhou raitw,ay wateliway tansfer port district and Hangzhou inland river bulk cargo operation district, for detail see Fig.l. The construction purpose is to increase channel navigational capacity and port throughput. After project completion, the channel total length will be 181.89kn with 300 tonnage capacity and class V channel standard. The design increasing throughput capacity is 5.555 million tons. With the imsprovement of waterway condition. the navigational enterprise in thls area will be more developed and then 3  enhance the economy of Zhejiang province. In addition, after widenning, dredging, bank protection, the channel reserving water and irrialtinrl capacity and flood disclharge capacity wilt be increased, then the agricultural field and soil will be protected fron washing, the water will be purified and the environment will be nicer and people living in this area will take this advantage. 2.2 Introduction. The proposed project is located in the North of Zhejiang province. Thlis area is of flat terrain, dense lakes, river network and developed inland waterway transport. According to 1992 data, the total transport amount of waterway, highway and railway is 163 sillion tons, of which 37. 59 is waterway transport, the tolal turnout amount is 13700 million tons, of which 51.8% is waterway tarnsport. This scale shows that in this area the waterway transport is in main position. The four arterial channels namely Hangzhou-Beijing Grand canal, Changxing-Huzhou-Shanghai channel, Hangzhou-Shanghai channel and Zhapu-Jiaxing-Suzhou channel are undertaking about 8596 of the total waterway transport amount of this area. So far, channeLs navigational condition in Hiangzhou, Huzhou and Jiangxing aea is not good with low class and small ship tonnage ( less than 1OOtonnage) . The ports condition is also not good with poor handling equipment. All above have been the obstacle to the developenent of economy. The govensent of Zhejiang province determined to reconstruct four channels and also to construct ports for undertaking lager transport tasks and taking an important role in Zhejiang economy development and in offering ores and materials to Shanghai Municipality. 3. Environment Conditions 3.1 Topography and geology The project is located in lake deposit plain inclining from nothrwest to southeast with flat terrain, dense river network. The channel density reaches 33.3km/lOCkri. The geologic unit of this area belongs to HaJ1gzhou depression of the QiangtaRg fold covered by Quaternary deposits. The soi' mainly is muddy soil. 4  7 Don-t--EastDongting -ill - - i C r e g'D'D C ha~ J as u P ro vhc ei A. ij -~-0la -- 4i ag a -~ ~~~afa-aea Di5.1 i~to Sketh Ma Po f hjagInadWtnay eoao Poet, _ - 00~~~~~~~~~~~isa - N Z ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~>Z TV/~i ' - -~~_.r IZ V K~~~~~~~~~i  3.2 Climate Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou area is located in subtropical climate region of east Asia with warm and humid weather. The rainfall is sufficient and concentrated on plum rain season between April and June and Typhoon season rich in heavy rain between July and september. The Rain meteorological data are following: Temperature: annual average temperature is 15.7 C. lowest annual temperature is 12.2 C. max. highest teuperature is 39. 4C. min. lowest temperature is -11.9C. Rainfallt annual average rainfall is 1178sa. diurnal max. rainfall is 289mm. hourly max rainfall is 88.1mm. Wind: in summer, direction is SE. frequency is 20.8%(. in winter, direction is NW, frequency is 1596. average speed is 3.4m,s. actual surveyed sax. speed is 28aus. 3.3 Social Economy Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou area is the most developed one in Zhejiang province with fat land, rich products and excellent natural condition. It is always called as 'Home of fish and rice". The total area, population and gross industrial and agricultural output of Hanzhou city, Jiaxing city and Huzhou city respectively occupy 3096, 2796 and 46S of those of Zhejiang province. The village and town enterprise are developed along the channels. The farmers are going in for agriculture, industry, commerce, buiding and transportation from agriculture only on 0.053ha. land. More and sore farmers have becone labourers in agriculture and industry. 3.4 Traffic Transportation This area is connected by a comprehensive transport network incorperating Xunhang railway and Huhang railway, 104, 318, 320 and 329 etc. four state  highways and many provincial highways and waterway. Waterway transport is of Long history with inland river cargo transport in *ain position. In 1992, the inland waterway transport cargo was 61 million tons, turnover -.ount of cargo was 7.1 billion ton- km, respectively occupy 389 and 52% of the total transport amount by railway, waterway and highway. It is predicted that the inland waterway transport will keep increasing. Because the existing channels are not of enough river width, depth curve radius and bridge clearance, the capacity of scattered loadingzunloading operating districts in Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou can't meet the requirement of economic development. Traffic congestion, cargo loss, ship delay in port and accident etc always happen, which have been the main reasons to construct the project. 3.5 History Culture Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou are three main cities along the route. The Misty Rain Balcony in NanhU lake, Jiaxing city has been listed as provincial emphasized protection relic. In 1977, the stone tomb of stonecut pictures in East Han Dynasty was excaveted out in Changan town. These pictures are very rare in the world with super art craft, active shapes and rich contents. H{angzhou is a famous tourism city and has opened two tourist navigational Lines to Suzhou city and Wixi city. This reconstruction project can made the condition for spreading historical culture and developing tourism. 4. Environment Quality Situation 4.1 Water Quality According to the annual water quality nonitoring results and in-situwater sample analysis, the water quality in the proposed channels and port districts belongs to classlV-V, water quality in river section of general villages can reaches classyV and that in river section of town is worse, only can reach class V, water quality in river section where industrial pollution sources are concentrated is polluted seriously and super classV with the main pollutants of BOD, COD and petroleum. 4.2 Noise Along four channels, it Is during ship operation that the noise is serious. 6  After monitoring some setected representative points in city, village, town and open field, it is found that in day hours ship flow is 4-7 ships/5 minutes, noise is ?0-76dB(A); during night hours, when ship flow is 8 ships/hr, noise is 63 dBMA), 4 ships/hr, noise is 54 dB(A), these noises are all over the day time value 70 dB(A) and night value 55dB(A) of class 11 region specified in GB 11339-89 <Environment Noise Standard in City Port and River Bank Region>. In three port districts, after point monitoring, it is found that the average noise base value is 41.5-52.4dB(A) during day hours and 38.5-42.4 dB(A) during night hours, all less than the standard day time value 60dB(A) and night value SOdB(A) of class I region specified in GB 11339-89 <Environsent Noise Standard in City Port and River Bank Region>. 4.3 Atmosphere Quality Based on in-situ monitoring data, atmosphere in three proposed port districts has been assessed with selected factors of TSP, S02, N04. According to classification of atnosphere quality index of sampling points. TSP is from 0.08 to 0.241. Compared with classification standard, N04. except in some points belongs to clear level, in most points is clearer level. In several points near highway, N04 content is high because it is iapacted by car tail gas. 4.4 Bottom mud Channel is an open system. which accepts waste water discharged by town and city factories along the route and poisonous substance deposits of Life sewerage. Based on analysis of channel bottom mud samples and assessment with N. L. Nearow pollution index method, it is found that the synthetic pollution index value is from 0.74 to 3.97, the heavy metal pollution is not serious and the channel bottom mud is slightly polluted. The pollution order of each monitoring factor is Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Hg>As>Cd. Although heavy metal pollution is over that of soil base value, less than the allowable highest content of acid soil specified in <Pollution Control Standard of Agricultural Mud>. 7  5. Environment Impact Assessment and protection measures 5.1 Clarification of environment impact problem The Environment problem of four channels reconstruction is noise impact, water quality impact and waste soil disposal impact and that of three port districts is atmosphere quality changing, noise impact and waste quality impact during construction period and operation period. 5.2 Impact on local economy (1). Inpact on agriculture The borrowed land is mainly used for piling soil and construction site. The land for piling soil will be changed from water field to dry land and the properties will be reduced which will affect the agricultural production. The field can be recovered after several years cultivation. The Loss of agriculture will be compensated year by year according to the average per-mu yield of the last three years before borrowing. Before returning the farm land, the contractor nust clear away the remains of construction on borrowing land to recover the cultivation condition or pay for cultivation restoration fee to the farmer who will recover cultivation condition by himself. In addition, the banks ofchannelsafter trimed will be planted mulberry trees and the benefit can be received in the second year with high economic value, which can increase economic benefit and also can green the banks. The acquisited Land for channel widenning will be economically compensated and aLso supplemented by state planing produced land. (2). Land acquisition and resettlement The principle for land acquisition and resettlement is occupying agricultural land, acquisiting land and demolishing house as little as possible, scientifically designning alternatives, reasonably using land and protecting resettlementpopulation based on relative laws to facilitating the works going smoothly and improve local economy and people's living tevel along the channels and ports while the waterway transport condition is developed. For the land acquisition and resettlement, the affected range is 9 counties, 50 towns and 129 villages with impacted population of 7751 occupying 7.29% of the total population in Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou cities. For detail see tables 1, 2, and 3. 8  (3). Fauna and flora It is reported in EIA that along the channels there are not aquatic breeding production, so that the project has not impact on it. During dredging bottom mud, the benthon living condition will be changed and will have some impact, but the impacted period will be short and over after the works is finished. Because of the channels widenning, the plants along these banks wilt be affected which shall be protected and replanted to reduce the loss. 5.3 Impact during construction (1). Noise impact The noise is mainly from bucket dredger or grab-dredger and auxilary soil barges and blowing soil ships for under water earthwork and mixers for bank protection, but the actual measured construction noise value is not over the standard value and can reach the ti3it of equivalent acoustic class of building site. During night hours, the noise will affect residents, for this reason, EIA suggests the construction method be changed to avoiding operation during night hours as much as possible. (2). Water quality impact For the impact of under water earthwork dredging on channel water body, It is pointed out in EIA that the waler body will be disturbed a lot during soil excavating, the suspanded substance density will increase and make the water bodv locally muddy which will affect the benthon living. Although it is local and short period and wilt be over after the works is finished so that the impact range and degree will be small. (3). Atmosphere quality impact It is pointed in environment impact assessment for three port districts that during dry season of construction. in medium stable degree. the flying dust caused by disturbed soll in course of earthwork excavating and filling has different impact ranges in various wind speeds. Every layer of soil is of high moisture contpnl according to geologic report so that the flying dust impact is not serious. Only in dry season because the top soil is of very low moisture content the flying dust wiLl have some impact. In order 9  to protect personnel working in site, EIA points out some relative prevent and cure measures, generally, moistening method. (4). Waste soil impact Channels reconstruction for widenning, dredging and making straight will produce a lot of earthwork. The earthwork on land will be used for bank protection, back filling, strengthening bank and brick factories: Earthwork under water will be blowed off to broken head river etc. Bottom mud contains trace elements. which probably cause second pollution, but the synthetic pollution index is far less than the highest allowable amount of acid soil specified in <Control standard of pollutant in agricultural mud) , thus mud to be put on agri.cultural field will have little affection on agricultural field. In order to prevent the piling soil from being washed by rain water to rivers, in piling soil area the drainage ditch and deposit pool shall be excavated. After the mud is deposit. the upper water is allowed to discharge to the rivers. 5.4 Impact after operation (I) . It is emphasized in environment impact assessment for four channels reconstruction that currently, water body of channels has been polluted by a lot of industry and life sewerage from city and town, in addition, ship pollutants in operation will be increased by ship flow increment. Enough attention shall be paid to such situation and responsive prevention and cure measures shall be taken. The base value of noise of navigational operation has been over the standard value and will be more serious with the increasement of the traffic volume. EIA has suggested city planning sections that relatively practicable prevent and cure measures be made such as planting zones and noise barriers in residents and strenhtgening the adnimistration on the ship noise reasonably. (2). It is pointed in environment impact assessment for three port districts reconstruction that during operation period, the main impact on atmosphere is flying dust from coal and sand in course of loading and unloading. The 10  flying dust amount is controlled by natural condition and working condition etc. Based on the forecasting of atmosphere environment, EIA pointed out two prevent and cure methods of moistening and strengthening greening to reduce impact on atmosphere. For the protection of water quality in port districts, EIA analysed each kind of pollution happens in port districts and pointed out an alternative about setting sewerge treatment station in port districts. In addition, according to prediction. during operatiorn period, the operating noisp in port districts meets the standard specified in < Industrial Enterprise noise standard>, the noise around port district will not be over the day time valae 70dB(A) of class II region specified in < Environment Noise Standard of City and Town Port and River Bank Region >. Because of 15dB( A) over the standard caused by loading.'untoading and traffic during night hours, it is sulgested that reasonable planninm operation time, strictly controlling ship going in port, setting prevention greening zone in port districts can relax the noise impact. 6. Environment protection organization and environment monitoring The environment protection task for traffic line is assuring the traffic enterprises use variotus kinds of energy and resource reasonably and control and eliminate environment pollution, protect the enviroment, keep the people's body healthy during production and construction. 6.1 Environment protection organization The environment protection organization for the project is composed of environment protection department of Zhejiang province inland waterway network reconstruction office. environment protection divisions in Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou channel departments and port business departments responsible for environment protection work during construction and operation period (see Fig 2) 6.2 Environment monitoring (1). The environmental problem of four channels reconstruction project is noise. impact and water quality impact in construction period and operation periodi ( see Annex) Because channel is an open system, based on Zhejiang II  ZHEJIANG PROVINCE INLAND WATERWAY RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT OFFICE Environment protection division of Hangzhou channel department I Environment protection nonitoring center station of Hangzhou city Environment protection division ISupervise of Jiaxing channel department land ladninistrate Environment protection monitoring channel center station of Jiaxing city !environNent ipottution r _ Environment Environment protection division pand protection of Huzhou channel department !prevention department under the Environment protection monitoring project office center station of Huzhou city Zhejiang ;Environment protection division province of Hangzhou port business department environment . protection Environment protection monitoring monitoring |station of Hangzhou inland river 'Supervise center station butk cargo operation district and administrate _ Environment protection division port district of Jiaxing port business department environment - [ potlution Environment protection monitoring and station of Jlaxing railway- prevention waterway transfer port Environxent protection division of Huzhou port business department 'Environment protection monitoring station of Huzhou railway- Fig 2 waterway transfer port  ______._____._______,I_ East Dongting Hill j, ' _ C Shansi Xi a I I-! 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