Cameroon - Agricultural sector review (Vol. 2 of 2) : Statistical volume

Report No. 7486-CAM Cameroon Agricultural Sector Report (In Two Volumes) Volume II: Statistical Volume Novem',r 1989 Occidental and Central Africa Department FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Document of the World Bank This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  FOR OFFICUAL USE ONLY CAMEROON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR REVIEW STATISTICAL VOLUME Annex I. Farm Characteristics Annex II. Agricultural Gross Domestic Product and Exports Table 2.1 Gross Domestic Product at Current PRices Table 2.2 Sector Shares of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices Table 2.3 Agriculture Contribution to GDP at Constant Prices Table 2.4 Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Exports, Value and Shares Annex III. Agricultural Production, Marketing and Prices Table 3.1 Agricultural Production Table 3.2 Cameroon Cocoa Production and Prices Table 3.3 Robusta Coffee Production and Prices Table 3.4 Arabica Cofft_ Production and Prices Table 3.5 Cotton Production, Area Harvested and Producer Price Table 3.6 SEMRY Rice - Area Cultivated, Production, Purchases, Milling, Sales and Producer Price Table 3.7 Annual Prices for Selected Food Commodities - Yaounde and the West Province Table 3.8 Farm Share of Retail Price (Yaounde/West Province) Table 3.9 Price Schedule for Cocoa (80/81 to 88/89) Table 3.10 Price Schedule for Robusta Coffee (80/81 to 87/88) Table 3.11 Office Cerealier : Commodity Purchases 1976/77 to 1986/87 Table 3.12 Average Buying and Selling Prices of the Office Cerealier Annex IV. Land Area and Land Use Table 4.1 Land Area and Area in Forests, Parks, and Cultivated for Food and Exports Table 4.2 Total Area, Net Area Cropped, and Total Area Planted Table 4.3 Farm with Crops, Total Area Planted in Export and Food Crops, and Average Per Farm Areas Planted in Export and Food Crops by Province Table 4.4 Area Planted to Crops by Province Table 4.5 Farms with Crops by Province Annex V. Livestock and Forestry Table 5.1 Estimates of Livestock Population (1986/87) Table 5.2 Total Production of Meat in 1986/87 Table 5.3 Evolution of Meat Imports Table 5.4 Production and Exportation of Logs, Sawn Wood and Sleepers, and Plywood and Veneer Table 5.5 Value of Wood and Products Exported This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  CAMERON Annex I AGRICtLTURE SECTOR REVEW Page 1 of 31 FARM CHARACTERISTICS This annex presents, In graphic form, some general results from the 1984 Agricultural Census. It Is Intended to provide a broad overvlew of the Information contained In Volume I of the basic report, 1984 AgrItultural Census In -Cameroon - Traditlonal Sector. Thus, the data Included are only relevant to the traditlonal agriculturai sector In Cameroon. In addition, although the Census collected Information from both crop and livestock farms, any detailed data contained here are specific to crop farms (see definition below). There are several definitions which should be kept In mind when reading the graphs which follow. The definitions are: FARM - farms were defined using a point system based on the number of hectares, animals and poultry on the farm. A unit was required to have 50 points to qualIfy as a farm (1/8 hectare - 50 points, each cow or horse - 25 points, each goat, pig or sheep = 20 points and each fowl = 2 points). Thus, for example a unit with no land but two cattle would quallfw as a farm. FARM OPERATOR - the person who makes the day to day decislons for the farm, as defined above. CROP FARMS - farms were defined as crop farms if they met the definition for a farm (at least 1/8 hectares of land). EXPORT CROPS - cocoa, coffee, cotton, tobacco, and rubber. FOOD CROPS - crops not listed as export crops. AREA IN CROPS - crop areas are expressed In Opure area equlvalents". Thus crops In parcels with mixed cultures were allocated to the area In the parcel according their relative plant counts (See E1 for a more complete description). RICE DATA - the data reported for rice farmers in this report does not Include producers under SEMRY or UNDVA. They have been Included In the Modern Sector report [2]. There Is a large volume of detailed Information about farms and farm production contained In the Census reports. It Is not possible (or desirable) to reproduce all of that Information In graphic form. This document Is Intended to provide a broad view of farms and farmers In Cameroon, with emphasis on the characteristics of the farms and the farmers. It Is hoped that this Information will provide decision makers with a rapia revie: of the farm situation as determined durlng the 1984 Census. This document Is organized Into three sections: the first shows Information relative to the farm population, the second shows information on farm operators and the third shows Informatlon on farm practices and farm structure. Each set of graphs Is accompanied by a brief discussion which gives specific data and the broad impilcations Implied by the data. The Information In this document covers the 1,130,000 traditional sector farms In Cameroon. These farms are unevenly distributed over the national territory (naturally following population density). The Extreme North was the most densley populated of Cameroon's 10 Provinces and It contained over 24% of the nations crop farms (Figure I and Map 1).  Annex f -2-- tPage 2 of 31 Farms Wit h Crops (by Province) Nort h*et fiZ,m L I ttors I Soutnhg Cstr a I North Q &s Extreme North 0 o I00 ISO 200 2o0 S0o Numnr of Farm& CThou.aMcIs) Figure I The West and Central Provinces were next In the number of farms, each wlth over 150 thousand farms.  - 3 - Annex I Page 3 of 31 MAP I CAMEROON 1987 POPULATION DENSITY Extreme North Density per km2 Central > tqorth ED 3.9 to 20 _ 20 to 50 N9orthWest- J \ ) ) 50 to 100 West . o 9> 100 to 150 Adamou U 150 PLUS South West >> s LitoraI South  4 Annex I Page 4 of 31 F[y POPULATION The 1984 Agricultural Census of Cameroon estimated the total (farm and non-farm) population at about 9 million. The farm population was estimated at 6.6 million people (73% of the total). The 1972/73 Census of Agriculture [2] estimated that 4.7 million persons lived in agricultural households, a 3.7% annual growth rate between the two Censuses. The general population growth rate has declined in recent years, but was still estimated at 3.4% between 1985 and 1986 [3, page 15]. The proportion of Cameroonians living in urban centers has increased significantly since 1976, when it was 29%, to an estimated 37% in 1987, and it is expected to reach over 40% by 1991 [3, page 17]. These data underline one of Cameroon's main problems - rapid population growth and increasing urbanization of the population. The results of this migration toward the urban areas is reflected in Figures 1, 2, and 3, which show the age distribution of the farm population. Over 53% of the farm F 1 population was under 24 years of age in 1984, and a relatively small proportion (20%) Total Farm PopuIation were in the high productivity age Age Distribution categories (25-44 A years of age). The largest portion of the rural population (over 30%) 44 Vora was in the - 14 i4age category. 0 4V The distribution of S Y4WE males and females in * 1, the farm population was approximately equal (3.1 million male vs. 3.5 million female). The female portion of the farm population had greater proportions in all age categories beyond 15 years of age.  Annex I Page 5 of 31 Figure 2 Male Farm Population Age Distribution a.44 I 5- - "Yo Uarg~~I Is n 25__ ellt of 11I FLgure 3 Fema I e Farm Popu I at i on Age Distribution e o S 0 I 0 0i2 4s - uVON J Yore^ a 4, '"-" VON OWN $"we 0-to \ \X &Wm\ ursn-s~~~NV of\'m\X\\\\ I I  - 6 - Annex r Page 6 of 31 Over 54X of all farm wMxia= were over 44 years of age (Figure 4). Figre 4 All Farm Operators Age Distribution " . Iq * I i 0 10 2 1 30 40 POSM at Al I Pwatmo The sex of the farm operators was heavily skewed toward male operators but, even then, of the 1,155,500 estimated farm operators, 14.6B were female. The ages of both sexes were high but the ages of female operators were significantly higher (over 71X of female operators were over the age of 44 vs. 51X for male operators).  7 Annex r Page 7 of 31 Figure 5 Male Farm Operators Age Distribution g~~~ > @\'\\\\@ 04 mu W ok_ 10- ! a ~~a 20 40 ft~I Cf mi. 0wwor FPaire B Fena Ile Farm operators Age Distribution o I I ss^@*F\ \; "'\ \\\\-\n 0 0 20 a 40 Prnr* or rqIe 004rdU The Inaion level of farm operators is largely a reflection of the operator age distribution. Over 80% of all farm operators had no education (58% for males and 83% for females - Figures 7, 8, and 9).  -8- Annex ? Page 8 of 31 Only 9% of the farm operators had educations past class 6 (3% for females and 10% for males). Figure 7 Educat ion Leve I AI I Farm Operators 1,- l o mo t 40 00 s o ftrOeor rem FWU 0wW  -9 - Annex r Page 9 of 31 Educat Ion Level Male Farm Operators