Malawi - Growth and structural change : a basic economic report (Vol. 2 of 2) : Statistical appendix

3082 Report No. 3082a-MAI VOL. 2 Malawi Growth and Structural Change A Basic Economic Report Statistical Appendix Febnrary 8, 1982 Eastern Africa Regional Office FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ____ ~~FILE COPY Document of the WorWd Bank This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Kwacha (K) Exchange Rate US$ = K 1 K = US$1 1965 1.4000 0.7143 1966 1.4000 0.7143 1967 1.3808 0.7242 1968 1.2000 0.833 1969 1.2000 0.8333 1970 1.2000 0.8333 1971 1.2035 0.8309 1972 1.2396 0.8067 1973 1.2206 0.8193 1974 1.1888 0.8412 1975 1.1577 0.8638 1976 1.0953 0.9130 1977 1.1075 0.9029 1978 1.1851 0.8437 1979 1.2241 0.8169 1980 1.2314 0.8121 1981 (first 1.1743 0.8516 quarter) ABBREVIATIONS ADD - Agricultural Development Division ADMARC - Agricultural Development and Marketirg Corporatio ABD - Agricultural Research Department BIN - Brussels Nomenclature BUMB - Blantyre Water Board CCDC - Capital City Developsvent Corporation CDC - Crn,w.-onwalth Devolopsent Corporatio;i DAs - DnvClopL:ent Areas DIRC - District Development Committees DEC - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Wirtscaftliche Zusanmmnarbeit DEVPOL - Statement of Developmer.t Policies, 1971-80 EPAs - Ecological Planning Areas ESCOM - Electricity Supply Commission of Malawi FMO - Nederlandse Financierings-Dfaatschappij voor Ontwikkelinigs- landen N .V. INDEBANK - Industrial Development Bank JCE - Juinior Certificat Examination KFCTA - Kasungu Flue-Cured Tobacco Authority KRDP - laronga Rural Development Project LLDP - Lilo,nge Land Development Project LRDP - Lilongwe Rural Developsent Project MANR - Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resoutces NBC - Malawi Broadcasting Corporation MBS - Malawi Book Service FCC - Malawi Correspondence College MICH - Mother-Chifld Nlealth Facilities Y.CE - Malawi Certificate of Education MDC - Malawi Development Corporation HIC - Malawi Mousing Corporation MR - Malz-wi Railw ays 15T1T - Ministry of Trade, Industry and Tourism MU - Management Unit NRDP - Nationial Rural Development Program NSSA - National Sample Survey of Agriculture REC - Pecurrent Expenditure Coefficient STA - Spallholder Tea Authority SVADP - Shire Valley Agricultural Development Project TAa - Technical Assistants THA - Traditiocel Rousing Areas TVS - Training and Visit Systein ULV - Ultra Low Volume (Sprayers) WDR - World Development Report FISCAL YEAR April 1 - March 30  FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MALAWI BASIC ECONOMIC REPORT STATISTICAL APPENDIX Table of Contents Page No. 1.00 Demographic Data .................................... 1 1.01 -- Selected Demographic Estimates .... ............... 1 1.02 -- Population, 1966 and 1977 .............. 2 1.03 -- Urban Population by District, 1966 and 1977 ...... 3 2.00 National Accounts ................................... 4 2.01 -- Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin, Current Market Prices, 1967-80 ........ 4 2.02 -- Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin, in 1973 Prices, 1967-80 .................... 5 2.03 -- Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product, at Current Prices, 1967-80 ........... 6 2.04 - Savings and Investment, 1967-80 ............... 7 2.05 -- Gross Domestic Investment and Its Financing, 1967-80 ......................... 8 3.00 Output Indicators ................................... 9 3.01 -- Index of Manufacturing Output, 1970-80 .......... 9 3.02 -- Index of Agro-Industrial Output, 1970-78 ......... 10 3.03 -- Building and Construction Output, 1977-78 ........ 11 3.04 -- Electricity: Installed Capacity and Electrical Energy Generated, 1965-78 .......... 12 3.05 -- Water Supplies Operated by Blantyre Water Board: Daily Consumption and Revenue, 1965-78 13 3.06 -- Borehole Water Supplies, 1965-77 ............. 14 3.07 -- Malawi Railways: Operating Receipts and Expenditures: Rail and Lake Operations, 1966-78 ..................................... 15 3.08 -- Malawi Railways: Analysis of Rail Freight Traffic, 1966-78 ........................... 16 3.09 -- Malawi Railways: Rail Operating Statistics, 1965-77 ........................... 17 4.00 Agriculture ........... ............................... 18 4.01 -- Ac.reage by Cultivation and Regions, 1968/69 .... 18 4.02 -- Farm Size Distribution and Fragmentation, 1968/69 ................................ 19 4.03 -- Average Number of Persons Living on Smallholdings on Customary Land by Size of Holding, 1968/69 ...... ........................ 20 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  Page No. 4.04 -- Principal Crops: Acreage under Cultivation on Customary Land by Region, 1.968/69 ............ . 21 4.05 -- Maize Acreage, Yield/Acre and Production of Maize Grain by District, 1968/69 .... ............. 22 4.06 -- Groundnuts Acreage, Yield/Acre and Production of Dried Nuts in Shell by District, 1968/69 .... ..... 23 4.07 -- Marketed Output from Customary Land, 1947-79 ..... 24 4.08 -- Crop Production from the Estate Sector, 1968-81 25 4.09 -- Groundaul:s: Prices, Sales and Exports, 1953-79 26 4.10 -- Tobacco Acreage of Estate and Customary Land, 1960-80 ........................................... 27 4.11 -- Tobacco: Average Yields per Acre, 1960-80 ....... 28 4.12 -- Production of- Tobacco from Estates, 1956-80 ...... 29 4.13 -- Production of' Fire-Cured, Sun/Air-Dried and Oriental Tobacco from Customary Land, 1948-80 .... 30 4.14 -- Tobacco ALverage Auction Prices, 1960-80 .......... 31 4.15 -- Seed Cott:on: Acreage, Production and Value, 1965-77 .......................................... 32 4.16 -- Rice: Production and Exports, 1971-79 .... ....... 33 4.17 -- Sugar: EProduction, Consumption and Exports, 1975-81 ..... 34 4.18 - Tea: Acreages, Production and Exports, 1960-80 35 4.19 -- Forestry: Sawn Timber Production and Total Sales, 1970/71-1979/80 ............... 36 4.20 -- Livestock: Number by Type, 1960-78 .... .... 37 4.21 -- Imports of Meat (Short Ton), 1968-79 .... ......... 38 4.22 -- Fish Production, Beach Prices, Exports and Imports, 1965-78 ........................... 39 4.23 -- ADMARC Crop Trading Accounts, l969/70-1980/81 40 4.24 -- ADMARC Producer Prices, 1966-80 .... .............. 41 4.25 -- Fertilizer Sales to Smallholder, 1960-79 .... ..... 42 4.26 -- ADMARC Fertilizer Prices, 1973/74-1981/82 ........ 43 5.00 Price Indexes ...................................... 44 5.01 -- Blantyre Retail Price Indices, 1970-80 .... ....... 44 5.02 -- Lilongwe Retail Price Indices, 1974-80 .... ....... 45 5.03 -- Average Prices of Selected Food Items for Blantyre/Limbe and Lilongwe, 1967-77 .... ......... 46 5.04 -- Prices of Selected Consumer Goods and Services in B:lantyre/Limbe, 1968-77 .... .......... 47 6.00 Employment and Earnings ............................. 48 6.01 -- Number of Paid Employees in Private and Governmenl: Sectors by Industry, 1968-79 .... ...... 48 6.02 -- Average Earnings of Paid Employees in Private and Government Sectors by Industry, 1968-79 ...... 49 6.03 -- Average Earnings of Paid Employees in Private and Governmenl Sectors by Industry, 1968-79 .... ...... 50  - iii - Page No. 6.04 -- Number of Paid Employees by Basic Salary in Private and Government Sectors: Average, 1971-76 ................................. 51 6.05 -- Statutory Minimum Daily Wage Rate as at 1st January, 1965-78 ............................. 52 6.06 -- Malawians Employed in the Mines of South Africa under Contract with the Employment Bureau of Africa Limited (Wenela Division), 1965-78 ........ 53 6.07 -- Remittances of Migrant Workers by Country, 1965-77 .......................................... 54 7.00 Public Finance ...................................... 55 7.01 -- Consolidated Statement of Total Central Government Expenditure and Receipts, 1967-1981/82 .... ....... 55 7.02 -- Functional Analysis of Total Revenue and Develop- ment Account Expenditure, 1967-1981/82 .... ....... 56 7.03 -- Percent Distribution of Total Revenue and Develop- ment Account Expenditure, 1967-1981/82, by Functional Analysis .............................. 57 7.04 -- Functional Analysis of Central Government Revenue Account Expenditure, 1967-1981/82 .... ............ 58 7.05 -- Economic Analysis of Central Government Revenue Account Expenditure, 1967-1979/80 .... ............ 59 7.06 -- Functional Analysis of Central Government Development Account Expenditure, 1967-1981/82 .... 60 7.07 -- Economic Analysis of Central Government Development Account Expenditure, 1967-1979/80 .... ............ 61 7.08 -- Central Government Receipts--Revenue, Borrowing and Grants, 1967-1981/82 ............................. 62 7.09 -- Central Government Employment and Wages .... ...... 63 7.10 -- Revenue and Expenditure of Local Authorities, 1967-1978/79 ..................................... 64 7.11 -- Consolidated Financial Statement of Major Public Enterprises, 1970-1978 ........................... 65 8.00 Money and Credit .................................... 66 8.01 -- Monetary Survey, 1967-80 ......................... 66 8.02 -- Official Foreign Exchange Reserves and Net Foreign Assets of Commercial Banks, 1965-80 .... .......... 67 8.03 -- Commercial Banks: Advances by Main Sectors, 1965-72 ................................. 68 8.04 -- Commercial Banks: Advaaces by Main Sectors, 1973-80 ................................. 69 8.05 -- Malawi: Interest Rates, 1970-80 .... ............. 70 9.00 Trade and Balance of Payments ....................... 71 9.01 -- Balance of Payments Summary, 1967-80 .... ......... 71 9.02 -- Commodity Imports (c.i.f.) and Exports (f.o.b.), 1964-80 .......................................... 72  - iv - Page No. 9.03 -- Composition of Exports by Main Commodities, 1964-80 .......................................... 73 9.04 -- Domestic Exports by Main Commodities (f.o.b.), 1964-80 .......................................... 74 9.05 -- Domestic Exports by Country of Final Destination (f.o.b.), 1964-80 ................................ 75 9.06 -- Imports 'by End Use (c.i.f.), 1965-80 ............. 76 9.07 -- Import Duties and Surtax by End Use, 1968-78 77 9.08 -- Effective Duties plus Surtax by End Use, 1971-78 .......................................... 78 9.09 -- Imports by Country of Origin (c.i.f.), 1964-80 ... 79 9.10 -- Indices of Folume and Unit Value of Imports and Domestic Exports, 1965-80 ........................ 80 9.11 -- Domestic Export Indices: Unit Value, 1964-80 .... 81 9.12 -- Domestic Export Indices: Quantum, 1964-80 ....... 82 9.13 -- Import Indices, Unit Value, 1965-80 .... .......... 83 9.14 -- Import Indices: Quantum, 1965-80 .... ............ 84 9.15 -- Selected Foreign Exchange Rates, 1973-80 ......... 85 9.16 -- Indices of Trade Weighted Cost of Foreign Exchange in Kwacha, 1974-80 ..... ................. 86 10.00 External Debt ...................................... 87 10.01 -- External Public Debt Outstanding, Disbursed and Undisbursed as of December 31, 1980 .... ......... 87 10.02 -- Public External Debt, 1966-80 .... ............... 88 10.03 -- Estimated Debt Outstanding, Disbursements and Service Payments, 1981-2000 ..... ................ 89 10.04 -- Loan Terms on Malawi's External Borrowing, 1965-80 ......................................... 90  Table 1.01: SELECTED DEMOGRAPHIC ESTIMATES Enumerated Population, September 1977 (Millions) 5.5 of which Urban Population (Percent) 8.5 Birth Rate, per Thousand (1970-75) 56.0 Death Rate, per Thousand (1970-75) 27.0 Rate of Natural Increase, Percent (1970-75) 2.9 Intercensal Rate of Population Growth (1966-77) 1/ 2.86 Infant Mortality Rate (Deaths under One Year, per Thousand Live Births) 191.0 Percent of Children Dying Between Birth and Fifth Birthday (1970-75) 33.4 Expectation of Life at Birth in Years (1970-75) Males 41.0 Females 42.0 Both Sexes 2/ 41.0 Total Fertility Rate 7.75 1/ Assuming an intercensal period of 11.083 years. 2/ Assuming a sex ratio at birth of 103 males per 100 females. Source: World Bank analysis of Malawi's 1977 population census as detailed in Althea Hill, The Demography of Malawi (Washington, D.C.: April 1981) in pro- cess as DEDPH Divisional Discussion Paper.  Table 1.02: POPULATION, 1966 and 1977 PopuLation Sex Ratio ('000 personis) Annuial Growth Rate (males per Pop llation Density 1966 _977 (%) 1,000 females) (persons/kml) Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female 1966 1977 1977 Northern Region 497.4 229.0 268.4 643.5 303.7 339.8 2.34 2.57 2.14 852 894 23.89 Chitipa 59.5 28.0 31.6 72.8 34.2 38.3 1.80 1.84 1.77 886 893 16.92 Karonga 77.7 36.4 41.3 104.2 49.2 55.0 2768 2=74 2 62 883 895 31.08 Nkhata bay 83.9 38.3 45.7 108.6 51.8 56.8 2.35 2.77 1.99 838 912 26.57 Rumphi 46.6 21.1 25.5 64.1 29.4 34.7 2.90 3.03 2.79 826 847 13.45 Mzimba 229.7 105.3 124-4 293.9 139.0 154.9 2. 24 2.53 1.99 846 89/ 28.18 Central Region 3 475.0 691.6 783.4 2,122.0 1,038.5 1,083.5 3.33 3.72 2.96 883 958 59.62 Kasungu 97.5 45.3 52.1 190.0 98.1 91.9 6.19 7.19 5.23 870 1,068 24.11 Nkhota Kota 62.9 29.1 33.8 93.8 45.2 48.6 3.66 4.05 3.31 860 931 22.04 Ntchisi 66.8 31.1 35.6 86.4 41.3 45.1 2.34 2.56 2.15 874 914 52.20 Dowa 182.0 86.9 95.1 248.9 121.2 127.8 2.86 3.03 2.69 914 948 81.87 Salima 86.6 39.5 47.0 126.7 61.9 64.8 3.49 4.11 2.93 841 955 57.68 Litongwe 498.5 24.0 257.5 694.2 343.0 351.1 3.02 3.23 2.82 936 977 112.71 Mchinji 85.3 40.4 44.9 158.7 80.7 78.0 5.74 6.42 5.10 901 1,035 47.29 Dedza 230.7 104.8 125.9 293.1 138.2 154.9 2.18 2.52 1.88 832 892 80.90 Ntcheu 164.7 73.4 91.3 230.2 108.9 121.3 3.06 3.62 2.59 803 897 67.23 Southern Region 2,067.1 992.6 1,074.5 2,796.3 1,332.3 1,464.0 2.75 2.68 2.82 924 910 88.06 Mangochi 232.7 103.6 129.1 295.7 134.5 161.1 2.18 2.38 2.01 803 835 47.13 Kasupe 226.5 103.1 123.4 342.5 157.2 185.3 3.79 3.86 3.73 836 848 57.42 Zomba 282.4 139.5 142.9 349.3 164.6 184.7 1.93 1.50 2.34 976 89I 135.40 ChiradziuII 142.2 66.9 75.3 168.1 78.1 90.1 1.52 1.40 1.62 888 867 219.30 Blantyre 237.3 124.2 113.1 410.1 213.1 197.0 5.04 4.98 5.12 1,098 1,082 203.80 Mwanza 42.0 19.4 22.6 73.5 35.8 37.8 5.17 5.66 4.73 858 947 32.04 Thyolo 256.6 126.6 130.0 341.1 116.4 174.7 2.59 2.49 2.69 974 953 198.96 Mulanje 398.9 190.8 208.1 496.8 228.6 268.2 1.99 1.64 2.31 917 852 144.01 Chikwawa 147.4 71.3 76.1 205.9 101.1 104.8 3.05 3.20 2.92 937 965 43.29 Nsanje 101.2 47.3 54.0 113.3 53.0 60.4 1.02 1.03 1.01 876 878 58.34 Total 4,039.6 ],913.3 2_126.3 5_561.8 2,674.5 2,887.3 2.92 3.06 2.79 900 926 59.00 ~~- ~~ - _ _ - Source: NSO, Population Census 1977, Preliminary Report March 1978, and Prelimnary ReDor Sll[nl s..f-r: Ar a '. ' '. ('-:'  - 3 - Table 1.03: URBAN POPULATION BY DISTRICT, 1966 and 1977 Percentage of Urban Population Total Population Annual Growth Rates District 1966 1977 1966 1977 Total Male Female Northern 18,307 44,055 3.7, 6.8 8.3 7.9 8.8 Chitipa 1,429 3,079 2.4 4.2 7.2 6.6 7.7 Karonga 1,128 11,873 1.5 11.4 23.6 22.1 25.1 Nkata Bay 1,188 4,024 1.4 3.7 11.6 10.7 12.5 Rumphi 1,916 3,998 4.1 6.2 6.8 7.2 6.6 Mir.iba 12,646 21,081 5.5 7.2 4.8 4.6 4.9 Central 31,514 137,012 2.1 6.5 14.3 14.0 14.7 Kasungu 1,628 6,472 1.7 3.4 13.2 13.1 13.3 Nkhota Kota 1,117 10,312 1.8 11.0 22.1 21.4 22.8 Ntchisi 1,218 1,855 1.8 2.1 3.9 2.7 5.0 Dowa 1,552 2,067 0.9 0.8 2.6 2.4 2.9 Salima 2,307 4,646 2.7 3.7 6.5 6.3 6.8 Lilongwe 19,425 102,924 3.9 14.8 16.2 15.9 16.5 Mchinji 831 1,962 1.0 1.2 8.0 9.2 6.7 Dedza 2,318 5,448 1.0 1.9 8.0 7.2 8.8 Ntcheu 1,118 1,326 0.7 0.6 1.6 0.3 3.2 Southern 140,138 289,710 6.8 10.4 6.8 6.4 7.4 Mangochi 2,767 6,536 1.2 2.2 8.1 6.9 9.5 Kasupe 2,049 12,107 0.9 3.5 17.5 15.9 19.3 Zomba 19,666 21,000 7.0 6.0 0.6 0.0 1.3 Chiradzulu 609 691 0.4 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 Blantyre 109,461 226,151 46.1 55.1 6.7 6.5 7.1 Mwanza 692 2,271 1.6 3.1 11.3 11.6 11.0 Thyolo 1,394 4,186 0.5 1.2 10.4 10.6 10.2 Mulanje 1,225 2,997 0.3 0.6 8.4 7.6 9.4 Chikwawa 902 7,680 0.6 3.7 21.5 20.6 22.5 Nsanje 1,373 6,091 1.4 5.4 14.3 12.2 16.9 Total 189,959 470,777 4.7 8.5 8.6 8.2 9.1 Note: 'Urban areas"' include all townsh^ns and town planning areas, and all district centers. An urban area need not be an administrative center, but must have other installations, such as a police post or a works camp or a post office in addition to trading stores and a market. Source: Government of Malawi, Population Census, 1977 Preliminary Report, March 1978.  Table 2.01: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN, CURRENT MARKET PRICES, 1967-80 (K Million) Activity 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 19?3 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 2/ Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing: Monetary 31.6 31.0 37.1 37.9 46.7 55.9 55.7 66.0 69.9 91.2 116.0 127.3 153.6 180.2 Subsistence 78.4 79.0 80.2 88.1 112.2 119.9 124.3 147.3 168.9 188.2 208.6 222.0 264.8 309.6 Manufacturing 1/ Honttary 17.0 19.0 20.6 25.2 27.4 33.6 37.5 44.9 58.5 61.7 74.7 84.9 :ns n asa . subsistence 6.5 6.6 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.2 7.5 8.9 * 10.2 11.4 12.6 13.4 16.0 19.1 Construction: Monetary 5.3 6.8 8.2 8.5 11.3 14.7 14.4 17.1 21.6 23.2 26.3 37.1 45.5 49.5 Subsistence 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.8 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.3 6.7 8.0 9.7 Electricity nd Water 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.6 3.8 4.6 5.7 7.7 8.9 10.1 10.9 13.8 18.1 Wholeeale and Retail 15.5 19.3 22.6 24.6 38.7 39.9 46.9 58.8 65.7 76.4 86.8 100.4 123.9 148.1 Transport, Storage & Cosaunication: Monetary 9.9 9.7 9.9 9.5 15.2 8.2 19.8 24.9 30.0 32.9 37.3 39.2 49.9 60.2 Subsistence 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.4 Financial Services and Real Estate: Monetary 3.7 5.2 5.2 6.1 6.2 8.7 15.5 24.2 30.9 35.8 40.7 48.0 61.9 76.5 Z' Subsistence 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.7 4.3 5.1 5.9 6.3 6.7 8.0 8.7 Coacsunity, Social & Personal Services: Public Administration 17.2 17.7 18.0 17.9 21.0 19.7 24,1 28.1 32.9 37.5 44.0 55.3 22.2 97.6 Education 4.3 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.5 7.2 8.3 12.0 13.8 16.5 19.9 24.0 32.5- Health 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.9 3.6 4.0 5.1 7.3 9.8 13.8 Other Services and 4.8 3.9 5.6 6.6 6.5 6.7 7.5 8.8 20.7 17.5 33.2 12.8 10.7 -54 Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost: Monetary 112.9 121.7 136.8 147.4 185.4 200.8 236.5 290.8 344.1 410.4 490.7 543.1 692.4 838.8 Subsistence 91.7 92.6 93.8 101.9 126.4 134.4 140.1 165.8 190.4 212.2 235.4 250.4 277.6 311.6 Total 26.6 214.3 230.6 249.3 311.8 335.2 3 76.6 456.6 534.6 226 26.1 793.4 970.0 i.150.4 Plus Net Indirect Taxes 10.9 11.1 13.8 17.8 23.1 23.9 25.0 30.5 32.9 30.0 43.2 60.3 79.6 91.0 Gross Doucatic Product at Current Market Prices: Monetary 123.8 132.8 150.6 165.2 208.5 224.7 261.5 321.3 377.0 440.4 533.9 603.3 772.0 929.8 Subsistence 91.7 92.6 93.8 101.9 126.4 134.4 140.1 165.8 190 4 212.2 235.3 250.4 277.6 311.6 Total 215.5 225.4 T 67T 334.9 9- 401.6 487.1 567.4 652.6 769.3 853.7 1,G49.6 1,241.4 GDP Deflator 70.6 75.4 77.2 84.0 90.6 91.5 100.0 114.3 127.8 13i.9 150.1 155.7 182.0 215.0 I/ Including alining and quarrying. 2/ Prelininary. Source: Reserve Bank of MalaWi. Financial and Eonoomic Review.Vol. 7. No. 4, 1975, Table 5.1 for 1967-68 data; V1. 9, N.. 3, 1977 for 1969 data and Vol. 10, No. 3, 1978 foe 1970-77 data. But 1973-77 data converted to get current figures using imPlicit GDP Price Deflator. 1979 and 1980 figures iron Office of the President and Cabinet, Economic Planning Division. ESonoa,it Report 1981.  Table 2.02: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ZNDUSTRIAL ORIGCN, IN 1973 PRICES, 1967-80 (KI Million) 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 3/ Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing: Monetary 44.8 41.1 48.1 45.1 51.5 61.1 55.7 57.7 54.7 65.' 77.3 81.8 84.4 83.8 Subsistence 111.0 104.8 103.9 104.9 123.8 131.0 124.3 128.8 132.1 135.5 139.0 142.6 145.5 144.0 Manufacturing: 1/ Monetary 24.1 25.2 26.7 30.0 30.2 36.7 37.5 39.3 45.8 44.4 49.8 54.5 57.7 60.2 Subsistence 9.2 8.8 8.4 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.9 Construction: Monetary 7.5 9.0 10.6 10.1 12.5 16.1 14.4 15.0 16.9 16.7 17.5 23.8 25.0 23.0 Subsistence 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Electricity & Water: 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 4.0 4.2 4.6 5.0 6.0 6.4 6.7 7.0 7.6 8.4 Wholesale & Retail: 22.0 25.6 29.3 29.3 42.7 43.6 46.9 51.4 51.4 55.0 57.8 64.5 68.1 68.9 Transport, Storage & Communication: Monetary 14.0 12.9 12.8 11.3 16.8 9.0 19.8 21.8 23.5 23.7 24.9 25.2 27.4 28.0 Subsistence 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 Financial Servaces & Real Estate: Monetary 5.2 6.9 6.7 7.3 6.8 9.5 15.3 21.2 24.2 25.8 27.1 30.8 34.0 35.6 Subsistence 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Commqnity, Social & Personal Services: Public Administration & Defense 24.4 23.5 23.3 21.3 23.2 21.5 24.1 24.6 25.8 27.0 29.3 35.5 39.7 45.4 Education 6.1 6.8 8.9 6.5 6.4 7.1 7.2 7.3 9.4 9.9 11.0 12.8 13.2 15.1 Wealth 2.2 2.2 2.3 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.4 2.8 2.9 3.4 4.7 5.4 6.4 Other Services & Unallocable 6.8 5.2 7.3 7.9 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.7 16.2 12.6 22.7 8.2 5.9 -2.5 Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost: Monetary 159.9 161.4 177.2 175.5 204.6 219.6 236.5 254.4 269.3 295.5 326.9 348.8 368.5 372.3 Subsistence 129.9 122.8 121.5 121.3 139.5 146.7 140.1 145.1 149.0 152.8 156.8 160.8 164.1 163.0 Total 289.8 284.2 298.7 98 344.1 366.3 37.6 399.5 418. 3 483.7 509.6 532.6 535.3 Plus \et Indirect Taxes: 2/ 15.0 14.7 17.8 21.2 25.5 26.1 25.0 26.7 25.7 21.6 28.8 38.7 43.7 42.3 Gross Domestic Product at Constant Market Prices: Monetary 174.9 176.1 195.0 196.7 230.1 245.7 261.5- 281.1 295.0 317.1 355.7 387.5 412.2 414.6 Subsistence 129.9 122.8 121.5 121.3 139.5 146.7 140.1 145.1 149.0 152.8 156.8 160.8 164.1 163.C Total 304.8 298.9 316.5 318.0 369.6 392.6 401.6 426.2 444.0 469.9 512.5 548.3 576.3 577.6 GDP Deflator (1973 - 100) 70.6 75.4 77.2 84.0 90.6 91.5 108.0 114.3 127.8 138.9 150.1 155.7 182.0 215.0 1/ Includes mining and quarrying. _/ Adjusted using GDP Deflator. I/ Preliminary. Source: Reserve Bank of Malawi. Financial and Economic Revie., Vol. 10, No. 3, 1978, Table 5.1 for 1973-77 data. The figures from 1967-72s,ne obtained from Table 2.01 and deflated to 1973 prices. 1979 and 1980 figures are from the Office of the President and Cabinet Economic Planning Division. Economic Report. 1981.  Table 2.03: EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, AT CURRENT PRICES, 1967-80 (K million) 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1/ Private Consumption Expenditure 171.4 182.5 193.5 190.5 257.1 268.4 296.3 362.1 441.1 509.0 550.4 555.5 791.3 987.1 of which: Monetary (82.9) (92.7) (101.2) (91.3) (139.3) (138.8) (163.5) (202.7) (242.6) (287.3) (311.7) (310.1)'(520.9) (680.5) Subsistence (88.5) (89.8) (92.2) (99.2) (117.8) (129.6) (132.8) (159.4) (198.5) (221.7) (239.2) (245.4) (270.4) (306.6) Government Consumption Expenditure 34.5 36.7 37.9 41.0 46.6 46.8 50.4 58.7 68.9 73.9 83.5 119.4 99.9 119.2 Total Consumption (Private & Government) 205.9 219.2 231.3 231.5 303.7 315.2 346.7 420.8 510.0 582.9 639.9 674.9 891.2 1,106.3 Private Gross Fixed Capital Formation 11.9 19.3 24.3 21.6 22.7 31.2 30.9 37.8 56.8 55.7 56.3 102.6 105.1 66.4 of which: Monetary (10.0) (17.3) (22.2) (19.5) (20.6) (29.0) (28.6) (34.9) (52.8) (51.5) (52.0) (98.2) (100.2) (60.9) Non-Monetary (1.9) (2.0) (2.1) (2.1) (2.1). (2.2) (2.3) (2.9) (4.0) (4.2) (4.3) (4.4) (4.9) (5.5) Public Gross Fixed Capital Formation 13.5 18.1 23.4 39.5 31.7 41.2 45.8 68.1 88.8 79.3 102.1 163.2 169.4 203.6 Total Gross Fixed Capital Formation 25.4 37.4 47.7 61.1 54.4 72.4 76.7 105.9 145.6 135.0 158.4 265.8 274.5 270.0 0" Change in Stocks 4.0 -0.7 -2.2 8.5 10.6 16.4 14.4 10.8 16.0 -28.0 10.6 52.2 47.4 0.0 1 of which: Monetary (2.8) (-1.5) (-1.6) (7.9) (4.0) (13.8) (9.4) (8.8) (18.0) (-30.0) (8.5) (50.0) (45.0) (0.0) Non-Monetary (1.2) (0.8) (-0.6) (0.6) (6.6) (2.6) (5.0) (2.0) (-2.0) (2.0) (2.1) (2.2) (2.4) (0.0) Gross Domestic Expenditure 235.3 255.9 276.8 301.1 368.7 404.0 437.8 537.5 671.6 689.9 802.9 992.9 1.231.1 1,376.3 Exports of Goods and NFS 49.0 49.1 52.9 60.5 72.7 79.4 100.6 129.4 148.0 185.6 218.4 187.4 217.8 277.1 Imports of Goods and NFS 68.9 79.7 85.3 94.5 106.5 124.3 136.8 179.8 252.0 222.7 252.0 326.9 381.3 412.0 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product 215.5 225.4 244.4 267.1 334.9 359.1 401.6 487.1 567.6 652.8 769.3 853.4 1,049.6 1,241.4 1/ Preliminary. Source: Reserve Bank of Malawi, Financial and Economic Review, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1975, Table 5.2 for 1967-68 data; Vol. 9, No. 3, 1977 for 1969 data and Vol. 10, No. 3, 1978 for 1970-77 data; 1979 and 1980 data from Office of the President and Cabinet, Economic Planning Division. Economic Report 1980 and official sources.  Table 2.04: SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT, 1967-80 (K Million) 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1/ I Total Investment, of which 29.4 36.7 45.5 69.6 65.0 88.8 91.1 116.7 161.6 107.0 168.5 318.0 321.9 270.0 Fixed Investment (25.4) (37.4) (47.7) (61.1) (54.4) (72.4) (76.7) (105.9) (145.6) (135.0) (158.4) (265.8) (274.5) (270.0) 2 Domestic Savings 9.5 6.2 13.1 35.6 31.3 43.9 54.9 66.3 57.4 69.9 135.4 178.5 158.4 135.1 3 Resource Gap (1) - (2) 19.9 30.5 32.4 34.0 33.7 44.9 36.2 50.4 104.2 37.1 33.1 139.5 163.5 134.9 4 Net Factor Income -7.7 -7.0 -5.7 -6.1 -3.2 -3.7 0.8 12.4 8.0: -18.0 -23.0 -4.0 -34.2 -.31.8 5 National Savings (2) + (4) 1.8 -0.8 7.4 29.5 28.1 40.2 55.7 78.7 65.4 51.9 112.4 174.5 124.2 103.3 Ratios Percent of GDP at Market Prices Total Investment 13.6 16.3 18.6 26.1 19.4 24.7 22.7 24.0 28.4 16.4 21.9 37.3 30.7 21.8 Fixed Investment 11.8 16.6 19.5 22.9 16.2 20.2 19.1 21.7 25.7 20.7 20.6 31.2 26.2 21.8 Domestic Savings 4.5 2.8 5.4 13.3 9.3 12.2 13.7 13.6 10.1 10.7 17.6 20.9 15.1 10.9 Resource Gap 9.4 13.5 13.3 12.7 10.1 12.5 9.0 10.3 18.4 5.7 4.3 16.4 15.6 10.9 National Savings as i of GNP at Current Market Prices 0.9 -0.4 3.1 11.3 8.5 12.0 13.4 15.8 11.4 8.2 15.1 20.5 12.2 8.5 Resource Gap as % of Investment 67.7 83.1 71.2 48.8 51.8 50.6 39.7 43.2 64.5 34.7 19.6 43.9 50.8 50.0 1/ Preliminary. Source: Reserve Bank of Malawi. Financial and Economic Review, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1975 and Vol. 10, No. 2, 1978; Economic Planning Division (Office of the President and Cabinet), Economic Report 1981 and official sources.  Table 2.05: GROSS DOMESTIC INVESTMENT AND ITS FINANCING, 1967-80 (K Million) 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1/ A. Gross Dbmestic Investment 1. Prirate 15.9 18.6 22.1 30.1 33.3 47.6 45.3 48.6 72.8 27.7 66.4 154.8, 152.5 66.4 2. Government 13.5 18.1 23.4 39.5 31.7 41.2 45.8 68.1. 88.8 79.3 102.1 163.2 169.4 203.6 3, Total Domestic Investment (1 + 2) 29.4 36.7 45.5 69.6 65.0 88.8 91.1 116.7 161.6 107.0 168.5 318.0 321.9 270.0 B. Financing I. Foreign Financing 4. Net Foreign Capital Inflow 13.1 20.9 21.2 34.0 26.5 41.0 48.9 41.1 61.6 7.6 85.4 90.4 150.1 120.8 5. Net Transfers from Abroad 17.9 16.6 15.7 12.9 10.5 10.8 13.6 10.7 21.0 16.0 23.0 37.8 37.8 53.4 1 6. TotalFinancing from oo Abroad (4 + 5) 31.0 37.5 36.9 46.9 37.0 51.8 62.5 51.8 82.6 23.6 108.4 128.2 187.9 174.2 1 7. Increase in Net Official External Reserves 3.4 -- -1.2 6.8 0.1 3.2 27.1 13.8 -13.4 -31,5 52.3 -15.3 -9.8 7.5 8. Net Foreign Financing (6 - 7) 27.6 37.5 38.1 40.1 36.9 48.6 35.4 38.0 96.0 55.1 56.1 143.5 197.7 166.7 II. Domestic Financing 9. Gross National Savings (3 - 8) 1.8 -0.8 7.4 29.5 28.1 40.2 55.7 78.7 65.4 51.9 112.4 174.5 124.2 103.3 III. Total Financing 29.4 36.7 45.5 69.6 65.0 88.8 91.1 116.7 161.6 107.0 168.5 318.0 321.9 270.0 Domestic (National) Financing as Proportion of Total Financing (II + III) 6.1 -2.2 16.3 42.4 43.2 45.3 61.1 67.4 40.5 48.5 66.7 54.9 38.6 38.3 1/ Preliminary. Source: Reserve Bank of Malawi. Financial and Economic Review, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1976, Table 5.4 for 1967-68 data; Vol. 9, No. 3, 1977 for 1969 data; and Vol. 10, No. 3, 1978 for 1970-77 data; Economic Planning Division (Office of the President and Cabinet), Economic Report 1981.  Table 3.01: INDEX OF MANUFACTURING OUTPUT, 1970- 80 (1970 = 100) Weight 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1/ Consumer Goods Mainly for the Domestic Market of which: 62 113.2 120.9 150.4 171.7 194.8 194.6 212.8 236.2 234.7 248.0 Food Beverages, Tobacco 33 112.3 127.6 169.4 192.1 225.7 238.6 259.8 274.4 273.9 283.9 Footwear, Clothing, Textiles 14 118.1 118.8 115.2 120.1 130.2 109.9 126.2 148.3 169.2 144.9 Other Goods 15 110.8 108.0 142.4. 175.1 187.3 176.8 190.2 234.3 205.2 265.1 Intermediate Goods Mainly for Building and Construction 18 103.1 122.9 147.6 129.0 157.6 128.6: 142,9 166.8 172.4 152.2 Total Manufacturing gainly for the Domestic Market 80 111.0 121.3 149.9 162.1 186.5 179.8 197.1 220.6 220.3 226.4