Turkey - Private Sector Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 30 of 80) : Muradiye Ayrancilar hydroelectric power plant project information file

MURADIYE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . E2065 v30 MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT PROJECT INFORMATION FILE Province of Van, Muradiye District EN-ÇEV ENERJ YATIRIMLARI VE DANI MANLI I LTD. T . July - 2007 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File NAME OF THE PROJECT MURAD YE OWNER ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . Address Üsküp Cad. Nilgün Sok. 12/3 ANKARA Telephone and Tel: (312) 468 48 61 Fax Numbers: Fax: (312) 468 48 01 MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT NAME OF THE PROJECT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP as well as Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP) PROJECT INFORMATION FILE The Name, Location of the Province : Van Place District : Muradiye Selected for the Project Construction and operation of Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP project on Bendimahi Creek in Muradiye District of Van with a total power of 40,89 MW consisting the Ayranc lar Introduction and Objective of Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant with the Project an installed capacity of 27.28 MW and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant with an installed capacity of 13.61 MW are expected. NAME OF THE ORGANIZATION/WORKING EN-ÇEV ENERJ YATIRIMLARI GROUP WHICH DESIGNED VE DANI MANLI I LTD. T . THE PROJECT Address Mahatma Gandi Cad. No:92/2 60680 G.O.P. / ANKARA Telephone and Tel: (312) 4472622 Fax Numbers: Fax: (312) 4463810 Competence Document No 70 Date of the Report July - 2007 2 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File PART I: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT a) The Business Flowchart, Capacity, Area, Technology of the Project and Number of Workers to be Employed It is planned by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . to construct and operate the “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant as well as Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” on Bendimahi Creek which is located 5 km North of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project, which consists the 1st stage with an installed capacity of 27,28 MW which is defined as Muradiye HEPP-1 comprising Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP units, and the 2nd stage with an installed capacity of 13,61 MW which is defined as Muradiye HEPP-2 comprising Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP units, has a total installed capacity of 40,89 MW. Along with these facilities the electricity to be generated in Ayranc lar HEPP shall be connected to Selale HEPP outline using a 5 km, 33 Kv 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line and the electricity from both plants shall be connected to Muradiye DC using a 5 km, 33 Kv 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line. However; ‘Energy Transmission Line’ projects are not included in the scope of Environmental Impact Assessment No. 25318 dated 16.12.2003 and the mentioned project. According to the flowing direction of Bendimahi Creek; about 800 meters after Ayranc lar Regulator which is the last unit of the 1st stage there is Muradiye Selale (See Annex-13) and the first unit of the 2nd stage which is the Selale Regulator is located nearly 300 meters after Muradiye Waterfall. Satellite Photos of the project units, Muradiye Waterfall and Van Lake and its surroundings are included as an annex (See Annex-12). Transportation to the project site is made over the Van-Çald ran highway. The transportation road is of stabilized type and is open for transportation all seasons except for very severe progressing winter days. The location map of the project is given as an annex (See Annex-1). The 1/25.000 scaled General Layout Plan displaying the project site, the facilities to be constructed and close surroundings is provided as an annex (See Annex-2). The total installed capacity of the plants shall be 40.89 MW; wherein the installed capacity of Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP is 27.28 MW, annual reliable energy generation shall be 49.76 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 59.54 GWh and the total energy of the same is 109.30 GWh; and wherein the installed capacity of Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP is 13.61 MW, annual reliable energy generation is 25.89 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 30.68 GWh and the total energy of the same is 56.57 GWh. In the project, water regulated by Ayranc lar Regulator at 2007.00 m base altitude on Bendimahi Creek shall be taken into the forebay with a water altitude of 2005.30 m through a transmission tunnel with a length of L=12800 m, and from there it shall be transferred to Ayranc lar HEPP at 1820.00 m tailwater altitude using a penstock pipe with a length of L=995.00 m. After passing Muradiye Waterfall, water exiting Ayranc lar HEPP tailwater 3 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File shall be regulated through Selale Regulator at 1790.00 m base altitude and taken into a forebay with a water altitude of 1792.30 m through a transmission tunnel with a length of L=5105.00 m, then it shall be transferred to Selale HEPP at 1710.00 m tailwater altitude using a penstock pipe with a length of L=325.00 m. It is aimed to turbine the water of Bendimahi Creek using the HEPPs planned to be constructed under the scope of the project. Under current conditions it is aimed to use water of Bendimahi Creek to be used under the scope of the project only for generation of energy and to return the water without losing its chemical properties to the creek bed. Coordinates of the location of the project are given in Table 1.1, wherein the area specified by coordinates are the latitude and longitude values surrounding the activity area, and construction works are limited within such coordinates and with the areas seen in General Layout Plan with a scale of 1/25.000 (see Annex-2). Table 1.1 Project Coordinates POINT NO Y X 1 3.88 000 43 18 000 2 3.88 000 43 31 000 3 4 02 000 43 18 000 4 4 02 000 43 31 000 Regulators and HEPPs are not suitable for building an economic storage facility due to hydrologic, geologic, topographic reasons, and current and considered facilities. Therefore the project is designed as “River Type Plants”. River type HEPPs are not water consuming facilities. In addition to the big dams, investments of which are required to be undertaken by the government sector, the authority to establish and operate such “River Plant” type facilities has been granted to the private sector with Act No. 3096 dated 19/12/1984. The works of the project which is attempted to be implemented by benefiting from the mentioned act are carried out by Muradiye Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Bendimahi Creek, which is the water source of the project, is one of the biggest rivers of Van Lake Basin, and emerges from the North of the city with the combination of river tributaries coming from various directions between Alada and Tendürek Mountain. The main source of the river is the water coming from Sar göl and Kaz Lake on the Southwest of Tendürek Mountain. The river which often changes flow direction due to having many tributaries irrigates Çald ran Plain on the South of Tendürek Mountain. Many tributaries combine on the southern section of the Plain as if they are joining at a lake. The most important of these tributaries is Ya l dere coming from the North. It then irrigates Muradiye Plain. The river which starts to open up and expand beyond this point flows to the Northeast end of Van Lake at the end of this triangle plain which the river has filled with alluvium. The length of Bendimahi Creek is about 90 km. The Hydrometeorology Map of the region is given as an annex (See Annex-3). Flow Observation Stations There is a FOS numbered 2505 (E E) just downstream from the location of the facility on Bendimahi Creek where the project site is with flow observation values in observation 4 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File period 1972-2001. The precipitation area of the FOS is 1373.4 km2. The data from such station is used for water potential works under the scope of the project (Van Muradiye Project, Muradiye HEPP Feasibility Report). Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP Hydrology: Precipitation Area : 1358.00 km2 Annual Average Natural Flow : 291.02 hm3 Project Flooding Flow Rates (Q2) : 39.00 m3/sec (Q5) : 65.90 m3/sec (Q10) : 94.60 m3/sec (Q25) : 140.10 m3/sec (Q50) : 179.60 m3/sec (Q100) : 224.00 m3/sec Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP Hydrology: Precipitation Area : 1598.00 km2 Annual Average Natural Flow : 342.74 hm3 Project Flooding Flow Rates (Q2) : 46.70 m3/sec (Q5) : 79.90 m3/sec (Q10) : 111.80 m3/sec (Q25) : 162.50 m3/sec (Q50) : 205.70 m3/sec (Q100) : 252.90 m3/sec HEPP Project facilities consist of; Ayranc lar Regulator, Energy Channel, Energy Tunnel, Charging Chamber, Penstock Pipe and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant building in the first stage and Selale Regulator, Energy Channel, Energy Tunnel, Charging Chamber, Penstock Pipe and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant building in the second stage (after Muradiye Waterfall). The Hydroelectric Power Plants are designed as river type hydroelectric plants. Therefore storage of any kind is out of the question and thus no optimization work with a reservoir operation policy is performed. AYRANCILAR REGULATOR AND AYRANCILAR HEPP (FIRST STAGE) Energy Water Intake Structure: Ayranc lar Regulator and Sedimentation Tank The regulator which will be constructed with a reinforced concrete body at 2007.00 m thalweg altitude on Bendimahi Creek, is sized as per Q100 flooding peak and threshold altitude is designed as 2012.00 m. The general condition of the regulator is shown in an annex (See Annex-4). The alluvium thickness in the creek bed where the regulator would be built is about 5 ~ 6 m. Since the slope is high and water flow regime is flooding, a concrete lining L = 10.00 m long and 0.50 m thick will be built in the creek bed so that there would not be piping in front of the regulator body. Two 3.00 m wide undersluices on right and left coast in the regulator were projected and a stump direction screen is added in front of the undersluice. A cap has been placed over the inlet of the regulator and 4 rough grates were projected so that floating 5 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File materials would not enter into the sedimentation tank from the inlet. The submersible screens projected to be built in front of the cross receiving inlet (kar dan al l priz) will prevent floating materials from entering sedimentation tank during flooding. The sedimentation tank to be built adjacent to the regulator is sized in a way to minimize the loss of charge; as a result of calculations done as per the diameter of the grain to be settled the average water depth is calculated to be 4.05 m, net width is calculated to be 16.00 m and length is calculated to be L = 50.00 m. The average speed in sedimentation tank is calculated as V = 0.26 m/s and this result has satisfied speed < 0.30 m/s condition. The sedimentation tank is designed to contain two sections. Floor with a 0.01 slope and a flushing channel at the end of the tank were projected and this flushing channel will be 0.80 X 0.60 m in size and will be commanded with a flushing gallery and 1 lid. The altitude of the side waterway to be built at the end of the sedimentation tank is 2011.90 m. After the sedimentation tank, the water will be taken into the energy transmission channel. The plan and cross sections regarding the sedimentation tank are given in Annex-4. The bed load which would come from Bendimahi Creek is foreseen to be kept in the sedimentation tank as much as possible. Ayranc lar Regulator Type : Concrete Body Filling Thalweg Altitude : 2007.00 m Regulator Crest Altitude : 2012.00 m Height of the regulator from the base : 10.00 m Height of the Regulator from thalweg : 5.00 m Normal water level : 2012.00 m Maximum water altitude : 2013.90 m Energy water intake location : Left coast Water inlet Capacity : 17.00 m3/s Undersluice location : Left and right coast Undersluice dimensions :3x3m Regulator head tank type : Type IV Length of approach plate : 10.00 m Sedimentation Tank Type : 2 part rectangular cross section Length of sedimentation tank : 50.00 m Width of sedimentation tank : 16.00 m Height of sedimentation tank : 4.80~5.30 m Average water height : 4.05 m Diameter of settled grain : 0.3 mm Diversion System During the construction it is projected that first the water intake structure and undersluice of the regulator would be built on the left side slope by diverting the water in the right side slope, then by taking the water to such built side, the remaining parts of the regulator would be completed. 6 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Transmission Channel After the Ayranc lar sedimentation tank the water will be taken into a small transmission channel. The transmission channel has rectangular box cross section, its base width is 4.50 m and its height is 2.50 m. Its length after the sedimentation tank is 7450.00 m. The 950.00 m part at the end of the conveyance line which progresses through a tunnel after this point will be a similar type channel. So, the total length of the channel is 8400.00 m. Channel and tunnel transitions are provided through 6.10 m long transition structures. The project flow rate selected for the transmission channel is 17.00 m3/s. The general layout and cross sections of the transmission channel is given in Annex-4, respectively. Type : Rectangular box Cross section Location : Left coast Base Width : 4.50 m Height : 2.50 m Water Height : 2.20 m Designed Channel Flow Rate : 17.00 m3/s Length of 1st Channel : 7450.00 m Length of 2nd Channel : 950.00 m Slope of Channel : 0.0005 m/m Transmission Tunnel After the transmission channel water will be taken into the transmission tunnel through an appropriate transition structure. The transmission tunnel has a round cross section; its diameter is Ø3.80 m and its length is 4400.00 m. The project flow rate selected for the transmission tunnel is 17.00 m3/s. The general layout and cross sections of the transmission tunnel is given in Annex-4, respectively. Type : Circular Cross section Tunnel (cut horseshoe) Location : Left coast Tunnel Diameter : Ø3.80 m Water Height : 3.05 m Tunnel Wall Thickness :0.50 m Length of Tunnel : 4400.00 m Designed Tunnel Flow Rate : 17.00 m3/s Slope of Tunnel : 0.0005 m/m Forebay Using the forebay inserted at the end of the transmission line the pressure waves which would occur when the turbines close suddenly and the amount of water required when the turbines are charged for the first time would be covered. The capacity of the forebay is selected as 3000 m3. In order to discharge the excessive water in the forebay without causing any damage to the environment and the bay a side waterway with a length of 25.00 m will be built on 2005.30 m threshold altitude. The cross sections of the forebay is given as an annex (See Annex-4) 7 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Water Altitude : 2005.30 m Volume : 3000 m3 Width : 15.00 m Length : 30.00 m Height : 11.00 m Clearance : 1.00 m Penstock Pipe The penstock pipe route in Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP project is selected in a location where topographic and geologic conditions are the most suitable. Penstock pipe profile is given as an annex (See Annex-4). As a result of the calculations the wall thickness of the penstock pipe is designed to be between 18 mm and 24 mm, its diameter is designed as Ø2500 mm and its length is designed as 995.00 m. Diameter : Ø2500 mm Length : 995.00 m Number of laterals : Three (3) Diameter of lateral : Ø1450 mm Power Plant Building and Tailwater Channel Ayranc lar HEPP is located on the left coast of Bendimahi Creek and it is equipped with 3 horizontal axis Francis turbine. The dimensions of the power plant is 17.30 x 47.00 m and the height of the plant is 25.30 m. The water turbined in the plant will be returned to Bendimahi Creek after passing a short tailwater channel. Water will be able to be given to Muradiye Waterfall with tailwater altitude of the plant being 1820.00 m. The plan and cross sections of Ayranc lar HEPP power plant building are given as an annex (See Annex-4). Ayranc lar HEPP Turbine Type Unit Power and Amount Amount : Three (3) Type : Horizontal Axis Francis turbine Normal Power : 9.09 MW (Total 27.28 MW) Design Flow Rate : 5.67 m3/sec (Total: 17.00 m3/sec) Gross Head : 192.00 m Design Net Head : 181.28 m Synchronous Velocity : 1000 r/min Efficiency : 0.93 Ayranc lar HEPP Generator Type and Capacity Amount : Three (3) Type : Horizontal axis synchronous generator Operation style : Continuous Normal Power : 10500 kVA Peak Voltage (Uç gerilimi) : 6.3 kV Power factor : 0.85 (inductive) Frequency : 50 Hz 8 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Rotational speed : 1000 r/min Impulse style : Directly coupled to Francis type shaft Warning style : Brushless revolving diode Short circuit ratio : higher than 0.75 Isolation Class :F Efficiency : 0.98 Ayranc lar HEPP Transformer Amount and Type Unit Transformers Amount : Three (3) Type : External type, three phased, oil isolated Normal power : 10500 kVA Rated voltage : 6.3/33 Frequency : 50 Hz Connection group : YNd11 Cooling style : ONAF Neutral Connection : Directly earthed Efficiency : 0.99 Internal Need Transformers Amount : One (1) Normal power : 200 kVA Rated voltage : 6.3/0.4 kV Frequency : 50 Hz Connection group : Dyn5 Cooling style : AN Neutral Connection : Directly earthed Emergency Need Diesel-Generator Group Amount : One (1) Type : Four cycle vertical cylinder Normal power : 100 kVA on sea level Rated voltage : 400/231 V Frequency : 50 Hz Power factor : 0.8 (inductive) Number of cycles : 1500 r/m Cooling style : Radiator, closed circuit water cooling Warning style : Revolving diode warning The command and monitor system of the plant will be maintained with PLC / SCADA. The related equipment (computer, screen and printer, etc) will be equipped in the control room. Switchyard and Energy Transmission It is planned to transfer the energy generated from synchronous generators at 6.3 kV voltage level in Ayranc lar HEPP to 33 kV closed type switch room after being increased to 33 kV voltage level using unit transformers, then to connect such energy to Selale HEPP 9 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File through 33 kV energy transmission line of 5 km. However the energy transmission line and switchyard have not been considered under the scope of this project. 10 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File SELALE REGULATOR AND SELALE HEPP (SECOND STAGE) (About 300 m after Muradiye Waterfall) Energy Water Intake Structure: Selale Regulator and Sedimentation Tank The regulator which will be constructed with a reinforced concrete body at 1790.00 m thalweg altitude on Bendimahi Creek just downstream of Muradiye Waterfall, is sized as per Q100 flooding peak and threshold altitude is designed as 1795.00 m. The general condition of the regulator is shown as an annex (See Annex-5). The alluvium thickness in the creek bed where the regulator would be built is about 3 ~ 5 cm. Since the slope is high and water flow regime is flooding, a concrete lining L = 10.00 m long and 0.50 m thick will be built in the creek bed so that there would not be piping in front of the regulator body. One 3.00 m wide undersluice in the regulator were projected and a stump direction screen is added in front of the undersluice. A cap has been placed over the inlet of the regulator and 4 rough grates were projected so that floating materials would not enter into the sedimentation tank from the inlet. The submersible screens projected to be built in front of the cross receiving inlet will prevent floating materials from entering sedimentation tank during flooding. The sedimentation tank to be built adjacent to the regulator is sized in a way to minimize the loss of charge; as a result of calculations done as per the diameter of the grain to be settled the average water depth is calculated to be 4.05 m, net width is calculated to be 16.00 m and length is calculated to be L = 50.00 m. The average speed in sedimentation tank is calculated as V = 0.29 m/s and this result has satisfied speed < 0.30 m/s condition. The sedimentation tank is designed to contain two sections. Floor with a 0.01 slope and a flushing channel at the end of the tank were projected and this flushing channel will be 0.80 X 0.60 m in size and will be commanded with a flushing gallery and 1 lid. The altitude of the side waterway to be built at the end of the sedimentation tank is 1794.90 m. After the sedimentation tank, the water will be taken into the energy transmission channel. The plan and cross sections regarding the sedimentation tank are given in Annex-5. The bed load which would come from Bendimahi Creek is foreseen to be kept in the sedimentation tank as much as possible. Selale Regulator Type : Concrete Body Filling Thalweg Altitude : 1790.00 m Regulator Crest Altitude : 1795.00 m Height of the regulator from the base : 10.00 m Height of the Regulator from thalweg : 5.00 m Normal water level : 1795.00 m Maximum water altitude : 1796.90 m Energy water intake location : Right coast Water inlet Capacity : 19.00 m3/s Undersluice location : Right coast Undersluice dimensions :3x3m Regulator head tank type : Type IV Length of approach plate : 10.00 m Sedimentation Tank Type : Two (2) part rectangular cross section 11 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Length of sedimentation tank : 50.00 m Width of sedimentation tank : 16.00 m (net width) Height of sedimentation tank : 4.80~5.30 m Average water height : 4.05 m Diameter of settled grain : 0.3 mm Diversion System During the construction it is projected that first the water intake structure and undersluice of the regulator would be built on the left side slope by diverting the water in the right side slope, then by taking the water to such built side, the remaining parts of the regulator would be completed. Transmission Channel After the waterfall sedimentation tank the water will be taken into a small transmission channel. The transmission channel has rectangular box cross section, its base width is 4.50 m and its height is 3.00 m. Its length after the sedimentation tank is 85.00 m. The 1810.00 m part at the end of the conveyance line which progresses through a tunnel after this point will be a similar type channel. So, the total length of the channel is 1895.00 m. Channel and tunnel crossings are provided through 6.10 m long transition structures. The project flow rate selected for the transmission line is 19.00 m3/s. The general layout of the transmission line is given in Annex-5. Type : Rectangular box Cross section Location : Right coast Base Width : 4.50 m Height : 3.00 m Water Height : 2.60 m Designed Channel Flow Rate : 19.00 m3/s Length of 1st Channel : 85.00 m Length of 2nd Channel : 1810.00 m Total Channel length : 1895.00 m Slope of Channel : 0.0005 m/m Transmission Tunnel After the transmission channel water will be taken into the transmission tunnel through an appropriate transition structure. The transmission tunnel has a round cross section; its diameter is Ø3.80 m and its length is 4400.00 m. The project flow rate selected for the transmission tunnel is 17.00 m3/s. The general layout and cross sections of the transmission tunnel is given as an annex, respectively (See Annex-5). Type : Circular Cross section Tunnel (cut horseshoe) Location : Left coast Tunnel Diameter : Ø3.80 m Water Height : 3.05 m Tunnel Wall Thickness :0.50 m Length of Tunnel : 4400.00 m Designed Tunnel Flow Rate : 17.00 m3/s 12 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Slope of Tunnel : 0.0005 m/m Forebay Using the forebay inserted at the end of the transmission line the pressure waves which would occur when the turbines close suddenly and the amount of water required when the turbines are charged for the first time would be covered. The capacity of the forebay is selected as 3000 m3. In order to discharge the excessive water in the forebay without causing any damage to the environment and the bay a side waterway with a length of 25.00 m will be built on 1792.30 m threshold altitude. The cross sections of the forebay is given in Annex-5. Water Altitude : 1792.30 m Volume : 3000 m3 Width : 15.00 m Length : 30.00 m Height : 11.00 m Clearance : 0.80 m Penstock Pipe The penstock pipe route in Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP project is selected in a location where topographic and geologic conditions are the most suitable. Penstock pipe profile is given in Annex-5. As a result of the calculations the wall thickness of the penstock pipe is designed to be between 18 mm and 24 mm, its diameter is designed as Ø2500 mm and its length is designed as 995.00 m. Diameter : Ø2500 mm Length : 995.00 m Number of laterals : Three (3) Diameter of lateral : Ø1450 mm Power Plant Building and Tailwater Channel Selale HEPP is located on the right coast of Bendimahi Creek and it is equipped with 3 horizontal axis Francis turbine. The dimensions of the power plant are 15.50 x 38.00 m and the height of the plant is 23.10 m. The water turbined in the plant will be returned to Bendimahi Creek after passing a short tailwater channel. The tailwater altitude of the plant is 1710.00 m. The plan and cross sections of Selale HEPP power plant building are given as an annex (See Annex-5). Characteristic information is as follows. Selale HEPP Turbine Type Unit Power and Amount Amount : Three (3) Type : Horizontal Axis Francis turbine Normal Power : 4.54 MW (Total 13.61 MW) 13 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Design Flow Rate : 6.33 m3/sec (Total: 19.00 m3/sec) Gross Head : 85.00 m Design Net Head : 80.95 m Synchronous Velocity : 750 c/min Efficiency : 0.93 Ayranc lar HEPP Generator Type and Capacity Amount : Three (3) Type : Horizontal axis synchronous generator Operation style : Continuous Normal Power : 5200 kVA Peak Voltage (Uç gerilimi) : 6.3 kV Power factor : 0.85 (inductive) Frequency : 50 Hz Rotational speed : 750 c/min Impulse style : Directly coupled to Francis type turbine shaft Warning style : Brushless revolving diode Short circuit ratio : Higher than 0.75 Isolation Class :F Efficiency : 0.98 Selale HEPP Transformer Amount and Type Unit Transformers Amount : Three (3) Type : External type, three phased, oil isolated Normal power : 5200 kVA Rated voltage : 6.3/33 kV Frequency : 50 Hz Connection group : YNd11 Cooling style : ONAF Neutral Connection : Directly earthed Efficiency : 0.99 Internal Need Transformers Amount : One (1) Normal power : 200 kVA Rated voltage : 33/0.4 kV Frequency : 50 Hz Connection group : Dyn5 Cooling style : AN Neutral Connection : Directly earthed Emergency Need Diesel-Generator Group Amount : One (1) Type : Four cycle vertical cylinder Normal power : 100 kVA on sea level Rated voltage : 400/231 V Frequency : 50 Hz 14 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Power factor : 0.8 (inductive) Number of cycles : 1500 c/m Cooling style : Radiator, closed circuit water cooling Warning style : Revolving diode warning The command and monitor system of the plant will be maintained with PLC / SCADA. The related equipment (computer, screen and printer, etc) will be equipped in the control room. Switchyard and Energy Transmission It is planned to transfer the energy generated from synchronous generators at 6.3 kV voltage level in Selale HEPP to 33 kV closed type switch room after being increased to 33 kV voltage level using unit transformers, then to connect such energy along with the energy received from Ayranc lar HEPP to the national distribution grid by being connected to Muradiye DC through a 33 kV energy transmission line of 5 km. ‘Energy Transmission Line Project’ is not included in the scope of List of Projects to which Selection, Elimination Criteria would be Applied contained in Annex-2 of Environmental Impact AsseSPMent No. 25318 dated 16.12.2003. Transportation Road Transportation to project location is through a 5 km stabilized road from Muradiye district. The roads are open for transport except for some winter days. New transportation roads shall be constructed in order to access buildings under the scope of the project. Material Quarries In case a “E.I.A. is not Required Decision” is given regarding the project, the materials required for construction works shall be supplied from the free market as washed and grinded and/or from current licensed and authorized material quarries as ready delivered at the entrance of the site. Concrete Structures During construction works ready mixed concrete shall be used for buildings. The construction period of facilities is planned to be 2.5 years, whereas their economic life is planned to be approximately 50 years. At the end of this period with the activation of the system Hydroelectric power plants with a total turbine installed capacity of 40.89 MW will generate a total of 109.30 GWh energy in Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP, and a total of 56.57 GWh energy in Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP using the present currents. Table 1.2. Work Schedule 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year Operation, Job Site Facilities Construction of Transportation Roads Construction of Job Site Energy Line and Facilities 15 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Construction of Regulator & Sedimentation Tank Construction of Transmission Line Construction of Forebay Completion of Penstock Pipe Facility Construction of Plant Building and Tailwater Channel Hydraulic and Electromechanical Equipment * Same for both projects The work flow chart pertaining to the project is given in Annex-6. It is thought that 55 people would work in construction stage and about 20 people would work in operation stage under the scope of the project. A job site comprising a refectory, a kitchen, a dressing room, showers, toilets, wash basins, a storeroom as well as administrative and technical offices for all technical and social infrastructure needs of the staff to be employed in construction stage under the scope of the project shall be established and such job site shall be disassembled at the end of construction works. The job site is planned to be in the proximity of regulators and/or power plants. In parallel with the energy need which is swiftly increasing in the entire world as a result of rapid growth of population and technological developments, the energy need of our country is also increasing fast and it can be foreseen that an energy deficit would emerge in the following years. The importance of energy in terms of both social life and industrialization is acknowledged by all communities. The increase which can be observed in the energy need has driven all countries in the world to look for new energy resources. The main purpose in the energy sector is to cover energy requirements continuously, without fail and with as much cost efficiency as possible. The fact that petrol reserves in our country are inadequate makes the use of other resources in terms of energy mandatory. For clean energy generation, the cleanest energy source after solar and wind energy is hydroelectric energy. The rivers in our country have spread throughout the country. Improvement of hydroelectricity potential is appropriate for environmental reasons as well as continuity in energy generation. Hydroelectric power plants are structures that generate electricity by utilizing the energy of water. A hydroelectric power plant is a place where the potential energy of water is turned into mechanic energy, and where such mechanic energy is transformed into electric energy. The electric energy consumption of a country is an indicator of how developed that country is. While annual electricity consumption per person in Turkey was 2.100 kWh (kilowatt hour) in 2004, the world average was 2500 kWh, it was around 8.900 kWh in developed countries, 827 kWh in China and 12.322 kWh in the USA. Since industrialization is a target in order to ensure economic and social development of our country the energy needed by this industry and other user communities should be provided in place, on time and reliably. (Source: http://www.dsi.gov.tr/hes.htm.). While only 800 GWh (gigawatt hour) of energy generation per year had been made in Turkey during 1950s, today this ratio has increased by 190 times and has reached 151.000 GWh per year. While generation of 220.000 GWh of energy is possible using an installed capacity up to 37.500 MW (megawatt); due to reasons such as malfunctions, repair- maintenance, business program policy, economic recession, low consumption demand, draught, productivity only 151.000 GWh of energy could have been generated. So, the use of 16 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File capacity is 69%. While the use of capacity ratio is 59% for thermal power plants, it is 105% for hydroelectric power plants. 31% of our energy generation is covered by hydraulic resources which are also called as renewable sources, whereas 69% thereof is covered by thermal sources (natural gas, lignite, coal, fuel oil) which are also called as fossil fuels. Recently alternative sources such as wind and geothermal are taken into consideration and there are also on-going attempts for use of nuclear energy. Table 1.3. Installed Energy Capacity and Generation in Turkey INSTALLED ENERGY CAPACITY AND GENERATION IN TURKEY 2003 2004 (TEMPORARY) INSTALLED CAPACITY ACTUAL CAPACITY CAPACITY ACTUAL CAPACITY CAPACITY AND USE USE ANNUAL GENERATION INSTALLED GENER. GENER. INSTALLED GENER. GENER. RATIO (%) RATIO (%) (MW) (GWh) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (GWh) COAL 8 239 53 940 32 253 60 8 923 58 391 34 558 59 FUEL OIL 3 198 21 085 9 196 44 3 202 21 167 9 800 46 THERMAL NAT GAS 11 510 86 154 63 536 74 12 640 94 867 59 098 62 ENERGY OTHER 28 207 116 56 27 207 76 37 TOTAL 22 974 161 387 105 101 65 24 792 174 632 103 532 59 GEOTHERMAL AND 34 156 150 96 34 156 160 103 WIND ENERGY HYDROELECTRIC 12 579 45 152 35 329 78 12 654 45 435 47 614 105 ENERGY GENERAL TOTAL 35 587 206 695 140 580 68 37 480 220 223 151 306 69 Source: TEIA RPC Department – January 2005 Among various energy sources hydroelectric power plants should be preferred because they are environment friendly and pose a low potential risk. This type of plants can respond to sudden changes in demand. Therefore they are used as peak plants in our country as well. Hydroelectric Power Plants are non-foreign dependent domestic sources which are environmental friendly, clean, renewable, able to cover peak demands, highly efficient (over 90%), without fuel cost, able to act as insurance in energy prices, long lasting (200 years) and have a short payback period (5-10 years) and a very low operational cost (approximately 0,2 cent/kWh). When compared to other generation types they have the lowest operational cost, longest operational life and the highest efficiency. There are many economic, environmental and strategic reasons for Turkey to prioritize and promote hydroelectric power plants which use water that is a national source rather than other energy alternatives. In case the hydroelectric potential is completely used Turkey would not face any energy deficit until 2010. The rivers of our country have spread throughout the territory. Development of hydroelectric potential would not only lower the loss in energy transmission lines but also decrease blackouts during significant storms. 17 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File b) Use of Natural Resources (Land Use, Water Use, Type of Used Energy etc.) The “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant and Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” is planned to be built and operated by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T on Bendimahi Creek, located 5 km north of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. Turbining the water of Bendimahi Creek is aimed using the HEPPs planned to be constructed under the scope of the project. The water of Bendimahi Creek to be used under the scope of the project with its current condition is planned to be used only for generation of energy. It is aimed to return the same amount of water of Bendimahi Creek, which is used for energy generation by being turbined, to Bendimahi Creek again on HEPP locations without spoiling its chemical properties. Bendimahi Creek, which is the water source of the project, is one of the biggest rivers of Van Lake Basin, and emerges from the North of the city with the combination of river tributaries coming from various directions between Alada and Tendürek Mountain. The main source of the river is the water coming from Sar göl and Kaz Lake on the Southwest of Tendürek Mountain. The river which often changes flow direction due to having many tributaries irrigates Çald ran Plain on the South of Tendürek Mountain. Many tributaries combine on the southern section of the Plain as if they are joining at a lake. The most important of these tributaries is Ya l dere coming from the North. It then irrigates Muradiye Plain. The river which starts to open up and expand beyond this point flows to the Northeast end of Van Lake at the end of this triangle plain which the river has filled with alluvium. The length of Bendimahi Creek is about 90 km. The Hydrometeorology Map of the region is given as an annex (See Annex-3). Flow Observation Stations There is a FOS numbered 2505 (E E) (See Annex-7.1) just downstream from the location of the facility on Bendimahi Creek where the project site is with flow observation values in observation period 1972-2001. The precipitation area of the FOS is 1373.4 km2. The data from such station is used for water potential works under the scope of the project (Van Muradiye Project, Muradiye HEPP Feasibility Report). The precipitation area of Ayranc lar regulator is 1358.0 km2. The daily flows (See Annex-7.2) of the location of Ayranc lar regulator are calculated by using daily flow observation data of FOS numbered 2505 (E E) (Van Muradiye Project, Muradiye HEPP Feasibility Report). The minimum flow value within the regulator location daily flows which are calculated for Ayranc lar Regulator (See Annex-7.2) based on long years is 2.3 m3/s. Therefore it has been deemed suitable to release 450 L/sec of water which is a certain amount (20-25%) of minimum daily flow, back to the creek bed for the sustainability of natural life on the location of ayranc lar regulator. The precipitation area of Selale Regulator is 1598.0 km2. The daily flows (See Annex- 7.3) of the location of Selale regulator are calculated by using daily flow observation data of FOS numbered 2505 (E E) (Van Muradiye Project, Muradiye HEPP Feasibility Report). 18 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The minimum flow value within the regulator location daily flows which are calculated for Selale Regulator (See Annex-7.3) based on long years is 2.7 m3/s. Therefore it has been deemed suitable to release 540 L/sec of water which is a certain amount (20-25%) of minimum daily flow, back to the creek bed for the sustainability of natural life on the location of Selale regulator. The amount of water required to maintaining continuity of natural life in the creek is 0.45 m3/s after Ayranc lar Regulator and 0.54 m3/s after Selale Regulator; and these amount shall be applied as water right. In case such water right amount is modified or rearranged by SHW, the amount to be specified by SHW shall be applied as water right and water flow at this amount to the creek shall be ensured. Continuous flow rate measurement shall be done by supplying a flowmeter for the control of flow rate amount specified as water right. However in case of any adverse event amount of water which would ensure continuity of natural life shall be released in the downstream of the water intake of the creek bed. The amount of water to be released to the creek bed is dependent on various factors such as the natural flow of the creek and water need of the region. The amount of water to be released to the creek bed for the continuity of natural life is taken as minimum flow value water right within the daily flows of regulator location which have been obtained from observation results based on long years. For the mentioned project it is deemed suitable to release about 20-25% of natural flows coming for the continuity of natural life in the creek bed. HEPPs are designed as river type hydroelectric power plants. Therefore storage of any kind is out of the question and thus no optimization work with a reservoir operation policy is performed. The drinking water to be required during construction and operation period of the facility -shall be delivered by Muradiye Municipality for a price (See Annex-8), whereas utility water shall be provided from Bendimahi Creek after obtaining necessary permits from SHW. The total water requirement of the project during construction stage is 8.25 m3/day and a total water use of 3.0 m3/day is required during operation stage. Under the scope of the project; reinforcing iron from the earthmoving work to result from the excavation to be performed during land preparation and construction works, waste of timber used for moulds and iron, steel, metal and similar material, recycling of which is possible among the solid waste as well as packaging materials shall be gathered apart from other waste and shall be sold as salvage. The resulting waste of timber for molding shall be collected in certain intervals. The collected timber waste shall be given to the neighboring villagers upon their demand. Waste which cannot be recycled shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). Electric energy shall be used for the heating needs of the workers during operation stage of the project and no fuel shall be used for heating purposes. Tüpra -400 shall be used as fuel in heavy duty vehicles operated in the site. 19 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File c) Amount of Waste Generation (Solid, Liquid, Gas, Etc.) and Chemical, Physical and Biological Properties of Waste LIQUID WASTE A. Construction Stage Water shall be consumed in concrete works of construction of the planned activity and for the purposes of covering the drinking and utility water need of the workers as well as preventing accumulation of dust in working spaces; and the majority of this water shall be absorbed by soil and the remaining amount shall evaporate depending on the seasonal effects. There shall be water use in order to cover the drinking and utility water need of the personnel to work during land preparation and construction of the facility. The drinking water required for the personnel, who would be working at regulator and HEPP site during construction stage under the scope of the project, shall be delivered by Muradiye Municipality for a price using tankers. The utility water required for the personnel who would be working during construction stage of the project at Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP site shall be supplied from Bendimahi Creek. The number of personnel to work during construction stage of the project is 55. A job site comprising a refectory, a kitchen, a dressing room, showers, toilets, wash basins, a storeroom as well as administrative and technical offices for all technical and social infrastructure needs of the staff to be employed in construction stage under the scope of the project shall be established and such job site shall be disassembled at the end of construction works. The job site is planned to be in the proximity of regulators and/or power plants. If the amount of water required per person is taken as 150 lt/day; (Source: Su Temini ve At ksu Uzakla t r lmas Uygulamalar TÜ - 1998, Prof. Dr. Dinçer TOPACIK, Prof. Dr. Veysel ERO LU) Construction stage Number of workers = 55 people Amount of water to be used = 150 lt/person-day = 0.15 m3/person-day Total water requirement = 0.15 m3/person-day x 55 people = 8.25 m3/ day Under the scope of the project the total amount of domestic waste water generated by the personnel during construction stage would be 8.25 m3/day. According to pollutants and average concentrations table in domestic waste water, the pollutant loads in domestic waste water to be generated during construction stage is given in Table 1.4. Table 1.4. Pollutants and Average Concentrations in Domestic Waste Water PARAMETER CONCENTRATION pH 6-9 SPM 200 mg/L 20 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File BOD5 200 mg/L COD 500 mg/L Total Nitrogen 40 mg/L Total Phosphorus 10 mg/L Source: Benefield, L. And Randall, C. 1980 The pollutant loads within the domestic waste water to be generated during construction stage of the planned activity were calculated according to Table 1.4 SPM 1.65 kg/day (8.25 m3/day x 200 mg/L / 1000) BOD5 1.65 kg/day (8.25 m3/day x 200 mg/L / 1000) COD 4.125 kg/day (8.25 m3/day x 500 mg/L / 1000) Total Nitrogen 0.33 kg/day (8.25 m3/day x 40 mg/L / 1000) Total Phosphorus 0.0825 kg/day (8.25 m3/day x 10 mg/L / 1000) The domestic waste water to be generated during construction stage shall be collected in the leakproof septic tank to be built in accordance with the provisions of “Regulation on Holes to be Dug in Locations Where Construction of a Sewage Conduit is not Possible” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 13783 dated 19.03.1971. The plan of the Leakproof Septic Tank is given as an annex (See Annex-9). The waste water accumulated in the septic tank shall be taken for a price using a sewage truck by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). Under the scope of the project the provisions of “Regulation on Control of Water Pollution” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25687 dated 31.12.2004 shall be complied with. Table 1.5. Regulation on Domestic Waste Water Discharge Criteria Water Pollution and Control Table 21.1., Water Products Act Regulation Annex-6 Water Pollution and Water Control Regulation Table Products Act PARAMETER UNIT 21.1. Regulation COMPOSITE SAMPLE Annex-6 2 HOURS 24 HOURS Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) mg/L 50 45 50 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/L 180 120 170 Suspended Solid Matter (SPM) mg/L 70 45 200 pH - 6-9 6-9 5-9 B. Operation Stage The total number of personnel from various fields during the operation stage under the scope of the project is 12 people. When the amount of water required per person is taken as 150 L/day (Topac k, Ero lu, 1998); Operation Stage Number of workers = 20 people Amount of water to be used = 150 lt/person-day = 0.15 m3/person-day Total water requirement = 0.15 m3/person-day x 20 people = 3.0 m3/day 21 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The amount of domestic waste water generated by personnel working during operation stage under the scope of the project shall be 3.0 m3/day, as it can be seen from the calculation above. The pollutant loads within the domestic waste water to be generated during construction (operation?) stage of the planned activity were calculated according to Table 1.4 22 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File SPM 0.60 kg/day (3.0 m3/day x 200 mg/L / 1000) BOD5 0.60 kg/day (3.0 m3/day x 200 mg/L / 1000) COD 1.5 kg/day (3.0 m3/day x 500 mg/L / 1000) Total Nitrogen 0.12 kg/day (3.0 m3/day x 40 mg/L / 1000) Total Phosphorus 0.030 kg/day (3.0 m3/day x 10 mg/L / 1000) Under the scope of the project the provisions of “Regulation on Control of Water Pollution” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25687 dated 31.12.2004 and standards mentioned in the provisions of Annex-5 and Annex-6 of “Regulation on Water Products” No. 1380 shall be complied with. The domestic waste water to be generated during operation stage shall be collected in the leakproof septic tank to be built in accordance with the provisions of “Regulation on Holes to be Dug in Locations Where Construction of a Sewage Conduit is not Possible” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 13783 dated 19.03.1971. The plan of the Leakproof Septic Tank is given as an annex (See Annex-9). The waste water accumulated in the septic tank shall be taken for a price using a sewage truck by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). SOLID WASTE A. Construction Stage The waste to be generated during construction stage of the planned activity shall consists of reinforcing iron from the earthmoving to result from the excavation to be performed, waste of timber used for moulds, packaging materials and similar solid waste. Among this waste iron, steel, metal and similar material, recycling of which is possible shall be gathered separately from other waste and shall be sold as salvage. The resulting waste of timber for molding shall be collected in certain intervals. The collected timber waste shall be given to the neighboring villagers upon their demand. Waste which cannot be recycled shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). The number of personnel to work during land preparation and construction stage under the scope of the project is about 55 people. The amount of domestic solid waste of such personnel is calculated in the following way by using 1.34 kg value as daily produced domestic solid waste per person (www.cedgm.gov.tr): Amount of Domestic Solid Waste; 55 people x 1.34 kg/person-day = 73.7 kg/day Under the scope of the project; the total amount of domestic solid waste to be generated during construction stage is calculated as 73,7 kg/day; and the “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 20814 dated 14.03.1991 shall be complied with in regards to such waste. In accordance with Article 8 of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” shall be gathered by being collected separately in order to facilitate disposal and utilization thereof without causing any damage to the environment, to prevent environmental pollution and to contribute to the economy; and required measures shall be taken. In compliance with Article 18 of section four of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which is related to the collection and transport of solid waste; solid waste shall not be dumped in locations where they might cause adverse effects on the environment and shall be collected and stored in standard waste bins with a 23 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File closed lid. In compliance with Article 20 of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” they shall be transported in closed vehicles in a way not to pollute the environment in terms of appearance, odor, dust, leakage and similar factors, and shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). The excavation waste to be dug out during the land preparation stage shall be used for filling the foundation and hollow sections, construction of roads in the facility as well as cut and filling works. In case there is excavation waste materials in the project site, relevant provisions of “Regulation on Control of Excavation Earth, Construction and Wreckage Waste” No 25406 dated 18.03.2004 shall be complied with. A waste management, which would minimize the harmful effect of waste oil, grease and fuels to human health and the environment, shall be maintained in accordance with the relevant provisions of “Regulation on Control of Hazardous Waste” No 25755 dated March 14th, 2005 and “Regulation on Control Waste Oil” No 25353 dated 21.01.2004. B. Operation Stage The number of personnel to work during operation stage under the scope of the project is about 20 people. The amount of domestic solid waste of such personnel is calculated in the following way by using 1.34 kg value as daily produced domestic solid waste per person (www.cedgm.gov.tr): For personnel working during operation stage; 20 people x 1.34 kg/person-day = 26.8 kg/day Under the scope of the project; the total amount of domestic solid waste to be generated during operation stage is 26,8 kg/day. In accordance with Article 8 of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” shall be gathered by being collected separately in order to facilitate disposal and utilization thereof without causing any damage to the environment, to prevent environmental pollution and to contribute to the economy; and required measures shall be taken. In compliance with Article 18 of section four of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which is related to the collection and transport of solid waste; solid waste shall not be dumped in locations where they might cause adverse effects on the environment and shall be collected and stored in standard waste bins with a closed lid. In compliance with Article 20 of the same regulation they shall be transported in closed vehicles in a way not to pollute the environment in terms of appearance, odor, dust, leakage and similar factors, and shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). EMISSION A. Construction Stage Under the scope of the project; there shall be emission as a result of operating heavy duty vehicles in the activity zone. Tüpra -400 shall be used as fuel for heavy duty vehicles used in the site and general properties of Tüpra -400 diesel fuel is given in Table 1.6 and Table 1.7; 24 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.6. General Properties of Tüpra -400 Diesel Fuel PROPERTIES Guarantee Method Color, ASTM 3,0 max ASTM D 1500 Density, 15 C (kg/L) 0,820-0,850 ASTM D 1298 Yield Point C, (F) Winter -6,7 (20) Max ASTM D 97 Summer -3,9 (25) Max Distillation Recovery C (F) 357 (657) Max %90 355 (725) Max ASTM D 86 Last Point 0,7 Max Sulphur, by Weight (%) ASTM D 129 or IP 356 Carbon Residue 0,2 Max ASTM D 524 (over % distillation), by Weight (%) Viscosity, 37,8 34,45 ASTM D 88 Corrosion, Copper Band 3 hour Band no 3 or lower ASTM D 130 50 C Ash, by Weight 0,01 Max ASTM D 482 Calculated Cetane Index 50 Min ASTM D 976 Carbon Residues (%) 0,03 Max ASTM D 2709 SOURCE: TÜPRA -2004 Table 1.7. Dissemination Factors of the Pollution Disseminating from Diesel Vehicles POLLUTANT DIESEL Carbon Monoxide 9.7 Hydrocarbon 29 Nitrogen Oxide 36 Sulphur Oxide 6.5 Dust 18 SOURCE: Principles of Air Pollution and Control, 1991 Since the mass flow rates calculated for heavy duty vehicles are very small they would not have a negative effect on the current air quality. The fuel systems of vehicles to be operated in the project site shall be controlled continuously and provisions of Circular Regarding Motor Vehicles Exhaust Fumes No. 25869 dated 08.07.2005 published by Ministry of Environment and Forestry shall be complied with. During transportation, unloading and loading of both earthmoving and excavation waste materials during facility action provisions of “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Resulting from Industrial Facilities” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 26230 dated 22.07.2006 shall be complied with. Amounts of Earthmoving Under the scope of the project, it is foreseen that there shall be a total working period of 2.5 years comprising 26 days a month and 16 hours (2 shifts) a day. 25 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The Amounts of Excavation Waste Materials to Occur in Units during Construction Stage of Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP: Ayranc lar Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels Amount of Work m3 ton 14 months 61577 156643 1 month (26 days) 4398 11189 1 day (16 hours) 169 430 1 hour 11 27 Transmission Channel Amount of Work m3 ton 20 months 362317 905792 1 month (26 days) 18116 45290 1 day (16 hours) 697 1742 1 hour 44 109 Transmission Tunnel Amount of Work m3 ton 20 months 80082 208213 1 month (26 days) 4004 10411 1 day (16 hours) 154 400 1 hour 10 25 Forebay Amount of Work m3 ton 9 months 40360 102686 1 month (26 days) 4484 11410 1 day (16 hours) 172 439 1 hour 11 27 Penstock Pipe Amount of Work m3 ton 11 months 17275 42415 1 month (26 days) 1570 3856 1 day (16 hours) 60 148 1 hour 4 9 Power Plant Building Amount of Work m3 ton 13 months 10512 16819 1 month (26 days) 809 1294 1 day (16 hours) 31 50 1 hour 2 3 It is anticipated that approximately 572123 m3 of excavation waste material would occur during land preparation. 26 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The Amounts of Excavation Waste Materials to Occur in Units during Construction Stage of Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP: Selale Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels Amount of Work m3 ton 14 months 41107 103421 1 month (26 days) 2936 7387 1 day (16 hours) 113 284 1 hour 7 18 Transmission Channel Amount of Work m3 ton 20 months 89789 224472 1 month (26 days) 4489 11224 1 day (16 hours) 173 432 1 hour 11 27 Transmission Tunnel Amount of Work m3 ton 20 months 50324 130842 1 month (26 days) 2516 6542 1 day (16 hours) 97 252 1 hour 6 16 Forebay Amount of Work m3 ton 9 months 40540 103054 1 month (26 days) 4504 11450 1 day (16 hours) 173 440 1 hour 11 28 Penstock Pipe Amount of Work m3 ton 11 months 15325 37645 1 month (26 days) 1393 3422 1 day (16 hours) 54 132 1 hour 3 8 Power Plant Building Amount of Work m3 ton 13 months 11818 18909 1 month (26 days) 909 1455 1 day (16 hours) 35 56 1 hour 2 3 It is anticipated that approximately 248903 m3 of excavation waste material would occur during land preparation. There shall be excavation waste material during land preparation. Excavation waste material shall be out of the question since excavation waste material shall be used for filling of foundation and holes, and for environmental planning and asphalting of the stabilized road. In case there are excavation waste materials in the project site provisions of “Regulation on 27 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Excavation Earth, Control of Construction and Wreckage Waste” No. 25406 dated 18.03.2004 shall be complied with. Dust Formation The dust emission factors to be used for the calculation of dust emission formation: Emission factors are taken from (www.cedgm.gov.tr). Transportation (dust rising from roads) = 0,7 kg/km-vehicle Loading of material = 0,01 kg/ton Unloading of material = 0.01 kg/ton Calculation of Dust Emission to Form in Units during Construction Stage of Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP: Ayranc lar Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 27 ton / hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 27 ton / hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,27 kg/hour + 0,27 kg/hour = 0,54 kg/hour *The amount of dust arising during transportation of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km (go/return). Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (430 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 22 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 22 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 1.93 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,54 kg/hour + 1.93 kg/hour = 2.47 kg/hour Transmission Channel: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 109 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 1,09 kg/hour 28 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 109 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 1,09 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 1,09 kg/hour + 1,09 kg/hour = 2,18 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (1742 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 87 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 87 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 7.61 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 2,18 kg/hour + 7.61 kg/hour = 9.79 kg/hour Transmission Tunnel: The transmission tunnel planned to be constructed under the scope of the project shall be opened by underground explosions. A small amount of dust shall form due to the explosion in the tunnel orifice during tunnel explosions. A ventilation device shall be set up in order to prevent workers working in tunnel to be affected from the dust. The dust which forms during explosions in the tunnel shall not spread around since it shall subside in the tunnel. Therefore the explosions in the tunnel are not included in the dust calculations. Forebay: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 27 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 27 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,27 kg/hour + 0,27 kg/hour = 0,54 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance 29 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (439 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 22 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 22 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 1.93 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,54 kg/hour + 1.93 kg/hour = 2.47 kg/hour Penstock Pipe: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 9 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,09 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 9 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,09 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,09 kg/hour + 0,09 kg/hour = 0,18 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (148 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 7 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 7 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 0.61 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,18 kg/hour + 0.61 kg/hour = 0.79 kg/hour Power Plant Building: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 3 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,03 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 3 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,03 kg/hour 30 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,03 kg/hour + 0,03 kg/hour = 0,06 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (50 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 3 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 3 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 0.26 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,06 kg/hour + 0.26 kg/hour = 0.32 kg/hour The Total Dust Emission Values to Form in Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP Project Site: 31 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File SOURCES DUST (kg/hour) Ayranc lar Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels 2.47 kg/hour Transmission Channel 9.79 kg/hour Forebay 2.47 kg/hour Penstock Pipe 0.79 kg/hour Power Plant Building 0.32 kg/hour TOTAL DUST (Cumulative) 15.84 kg/hour According to the table above the dust to form during construction work shall form during working hours in sections such as transmission line, engineering structures, routes of heavy duty vehicles, etc. A dust modeling for work area which exceeds 1,5 kg/hour limiting value is done in the calculations below. Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP Work Areas Dust Dispersion Model The dust dispersion modeling is performed below by taking dispersion class as B and cloudiness amount (kapal l k miktar ) as 3.7 in accordance with meteorological data of Muradiye District of Van Province. Calculation of Uh Value: Uh=UR (h/Za)M formula is used. * Following values are used for M. Dispersion Class M A (Very indecisive) 0.09 *B (Indecisive) 0.20 *C/I (Neutral) 0.22 C/II (Neutral) 0.28 D (Decisive) 0.37 E (Very Decisive) 0.42 Values Used in Calculations: Za = 10 m value is the height of anemometer from the ground, whereas h=10 m is the altitude to which dust may rise during movement of vehicles (determined as a result of observations). 32 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.8. Dispersion Class as per Directions DIRECTION DISPERSION UA (m/sec) UR (m/sec) UH (m/sec) N B 2,2 2 2,0 NNE B 2,4 3 3,0 NE B 1,6 1,5 1,5 ENE B 2,2 2 2,0 E B 1,6 1,5 1,5 ESE B 1,7 1,5 1,5 SE B 1,3 1 1,0 SSE B 1,9 2 2,0 S B 1,5 1,5 1,5 SSW B 2,2 2 2,0 SW B 2,2 2 2,0 WSW B 3,5 3 3,0 W B 2,2 2 2,0 WNW B 2,3 2 2,0 NW B 1,8 1,5 1,5 NNW B 2,6 3 3,0 Environment Legislation Formula II was used for Dispersion Modeling of Dust. The Calculation of Amount of Settling Dust: (Environment Legislation Formula III) The total amount of dust generated during excavation: Q = 15,84 kg/hour For the Amount of Particles Suspended in Air C(x,y,z) (%20); where Q = 3,17 kg/hour (for particles smaller than 10µ) H = 10 m (as per experiences) Z = taken as 2 m Vdi = 0.01 m/s The following dust dispersion tables were obtained by using the values and formulas above. 33 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.9. Dispersion of Particles Suspended in Air as per Distance for Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP (µ/m3) AIR UH DIR. C=100 C=200 C=300 C=400 C=500 C=600 C=700 C=800 C=900 C=1000 m m m m m m m m m m B 2,00 N 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 3,00 NNE 102,5 29,5 13,7 7,9 5,1 3,6 2,7 2,1 1,7 1,4 B 1,50 NE 204,9 59,0 27,4 15,8 10,3 7,2 5,4 4,2 3,3 2,7 B 2,00 ENE 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 1,50 E 204,9 59,0 27,4 15,8 10,3 7,2 5,4 4,2 3,3 2,7 B 1,50 ESE 204,9 59,0 27,4 15,8 10,3 7,2 5,4 4,2 3,3 2,7 B 1,00 SE 307,2 88,4 41,0 23,7 15,4 10,9 8,1 6,2 5,0 4,1 B 2,00 SSE 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 1,50 S 204,9 59,0 27,4 15,8 10,3 7,2 5,4 4,2 3,3 2,7 B 2,00 SSW 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 2,00 SW 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 3,00 WSW 102,5 29,5 13,7 7,9 5,1 3,6 2,7 2,1 1,7 1,4 B 2,00 W 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 2,00 WNW 153,7 44,2 20,5 11,8 7,7 5,4 4,0 3,1 2,5 2,0 B 1,50 NW 204,9 59,0 27,4 15,8 10,3 7,2 5,4 4,2 3,3 2,7 B 3,00 NNW 102,5 29,5 13,7 7,9 5,1 3,6 2,7 2,1 1,7 1,4 DISPERSION OF PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN AIR Figure 1.1. Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP Dispersion of Particles Suspended in Air For the Amount of Subsided Dust (di) (%80); where Q = 12,67 kg/hour (for particles smaller than 10µ) H = 10 m Z = taken as 0 Vdi = 0.05 m/s 34 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.10. Dispersion of Subsided Dust as per Distance for Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP (mg/m2. day) Uh AIR DIR. d=100 d=200 d=300 d=400 d=500 d=600 d=700 d=800 d=900 d=1000 m m m m m m m m m m 2,00 B N 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 3,00 B NNE 1182,7 339,6 157,6 90,9 59,2 41,7 31,0 23,9 19,1 15,6 1,50 B NE 2360,4 678,4 314,8 181,6 118,3 83,3 61,9 47,8 38,1 31,1 2,00 B ENE 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 1,50 B E 2360,4 678,4 314,8 181,6 118,3 83,3 61,9 47,8 38,1 31,1 1,50 B ESE 2360,4 678,4 314,8 181,6 118,3 83,3 61,9 47,8 38,1 31,1 1,00 B SE 3533,1 1016,2 471,8 272,2 177,3 124,9 92,8 71,7 57,2 46,7 2,00 B SSE 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 1,50 B S 2360,4 678,4 314,8 181,6 118,3 83,3 61,9 47,8 38,1 31,1 2,00 B SSW 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 2,00 B SW 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 3,00 B WSW 1182,7 339,6 157,6 90,9 59,2 41,7 31,0 23,9 19,1 15,6 2,00 B W 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 2,00 B WNW 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 1,50 B NW 2360,4 678,4 314,8 181,6 118,3 83,3 61,9 47,8 38,1 31,1 3,00 B NNW 1772,2 509,1 236,2 136,2 88,7 62,5 46,4 35,9 28,6 23,3 DISPERSION OF SUBSIDED DUST Figure 1.2. Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP Dispersion of Subsided Dust Calculation of Dust Emission to Form in Units during Construction Stage of Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP: Selale Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 18 ton / hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,18 kg/hour 35 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 18 ton / hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,18 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,18 kg/hour + 0,18 kg/hour = 0,36 kg/hour *The amount of dust arising during transportation of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km (go/return). Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (284 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 14 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 14 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 1.23 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0.36 kg/hour + 1.23 kg/hour = 1.59 kg/hour Transmission Channel: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 27 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 27 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,27 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,27 kg/hour + 0,27 kg/hour = 0,54 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (432 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 22 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 22 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 1.93 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0.54 kg/hour + 1.93 kg/hour = 2.47 kg/hour 36 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Transmission Tunnel: The transmission tunnel planned to be constructed under the scope of the project shall be opened by underground explosions. A small amount of dust shall form due to the explosion in the tunnel orifice during tunnel explosions. A ventilation device shall be set up in order to prevent workers working in tunnel to be affected from the dust. The dust which forms during explosions in the tunnel shall not spread around since it shall subside in the tunnel. Therefore the explosions in the tunnel are not included in the dust calculations. Forebay: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 28 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,28 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 28 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,28 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,28 kg/hour + 0,28 kg/hour = 0,56 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (440 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 22 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 22 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 1.93 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,56 kg/hour + 1.93 kg/hour = 2.49 kg/hour Penstock Pipe: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 8 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,08 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 8 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,08 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 37 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File 0,08 kg/hour + 0,08 kg/hour = 0,16 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (132 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 7 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 7 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 0.61 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,16 kg/hour + 0.61 kg/hour = 0.77 kg/hour Power Plant Building: *The amount of dust arising from loading and unloading of material: - Amount of dust arising from loading: 3 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,03 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from unloading: 3 ton/hour x 0,01 kg/ton = 0,03 kg/hour - Amount of dust arising from loading and unloading: 0,03 kg/hour + 0,03 kg/hour = 0,06 kg/hour *Amount of dust arising during transport of material: The material resulting from excavation shall be stored in order to be used as filling material in road construction and partly as filling material in the site. Transportation distance shall be approximately 2 km. Since a truck has 20 tons of carrying capacity 1 truck shall make an average (56 tons/day) / (20 tons/1 trip) 3 trips in 1 day. Dust emission factor resulting from transportation is 0.7 kg/km-trip. Therefore the amount of dust generated due to transportation; Dust Emission = 0.7 kg/km-trip x 3 trips/16 hours x 2 km = 0.26 kg/hour Therefore the mass flow value of the dust to generate is: Q=Q1+ Q2 = 0,06 kg/hour + 0.26 kg/hour = 0.32 kg/hour The Total Dust Emission Values to Form in Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP Project Site: SOURCES DUST (kg/hour) Selale Regulator, Undersluice and Derivation Channels 1.59 kg/hour 38 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Transmission Channel 2.47 kg/hour Forebay 2.49 kg/hour Penstock Pipe 0.77 kg/hour Power Plant Building 0.32 kg/hour TOTAL DUST (Cumulative) 7.64 kg/hour According to the table above the dust to form during construction work shall form during working hours in sections such as transmission line, engineering structures, routes of heavy duty vehicles, etc. A dust modeling for work area which exceeds 1,5 kg/hour limiting value is done in the calculations below. Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP Work Areas Dust Dispersion Model The dust dispersion modeling is performed below by taking dispersion class as B and cloudiness amount (kapal l k miktar ) as 3.7 in accordance with meteorological data of Muradiye District of Van Province. Calculation of Uh Value: Uh=UR (h/Za)M formula is used. * Following values are used for M. Dispersion Class M A (Very indecisive) 0.09 *B (Indecisive) 0.20 *C/I (Neutral) 0.22 C/II (Neutral) 0.28 D (Decisive) 0.37 E (Very Decisive) 0.42 Values Used in Calculations: Za = 10 m value is the height of anemometer from the ground, whereas h=10 m is the altitude to which dust may rise during movement of vehicles (determined as a result of observations) (Table 1.8.). Environment Legislation Formula II was used for Dispersion Modeling of Dust. The Calculation of Amount of Settling Dust: (Environment Legislation Formula III) The total amount of dust generated during excavation: 39 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Q = 7,64 kg/hour For the Amount of Particles Suspended in Air C(x,y,z) (%20); where Q = 1,53 kg/hour (for particles smaller than 10µ) H = 10 m (as per experiences) Z = taken as 2 m Vdi = 0.01 m/s The following dust dispersion tables were obtained by using the values and formulas above. 40 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.11. Dispersion of Particles Suspended in Air as per Distance for Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP (µ/m3) AIR UH DIR. C=100 C=200 C=300 C=400 C=500 C=600 C=700 C=800 C=900 C=1000 m m m m m m m m m m B 2,00 N 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 3,00 NNE 49,4 14,2 6,6 3,8 2,5 1,7 1,3 1,0 0,8 0,7 B 1,50 NE 98,8 28,4 13,2 7,6 5,0 3,5 2,6 2,0 1,6 1,3 B 2,00 ENE 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 1,50 E 98,8 28,4 13,2 7,6 5,0 3,5 2,6 2,0 1,6 1,3 B 1,50 ESE 98,8 28,4 13,2 7,6 5,0 3,5 2,6 2,0 1,6 1,3 B 1,00 SE 148,2 42,6 19,8 11,4 7,4 5,2 3,9 3,0 2,4 2,0 B 2,00 SSE 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 1,50 S 98,8 28,4 13,2 7,6 5,0 3,5 2,6 2,0 1,6 1,3 B 2,00 SSW 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 2,00 SW 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 3,00 WSW 49,4 14,2 6,6 3,8 2,5 1,7 1,3 1,0 0,8 0,7 B 2,00 W 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 2,00 WNW 74,1 21,3 9,9 5,7 3,7 2,6 1,9 1,5 1,2 1,0 B 1,50 NW 98,8 28,4 13,2 7,6 5,0 3,5 2,6 2,0 1,6 1,3 B 3,00 NNW 49,4 14,2 6,6 3,8 2,5 1,7 1,3 1,0 0,8 0,7 DISPERSION OF PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN AIR Figure 1.3. Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP Dispersion of Particles Suspended in Air For the Amount of Subsided Dust (di) (%80); where Q = 6,11 kg/hour (for particles smaller than 10µ) H = 10 m Z = taken as 0 Vdi = 0.05 m/s 41 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.12. Dispersion Subsided Dust as per Distance for Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP (mg/m2. day) Uh AIR DIR. d=100 d=200 d=300 d=400 d=500 d=600 d=700 d=800 d=900 d=1000 m m m m m m m m m m 2,00 B N 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 3,00 B NNE 570,4 163,8 76,0 43,8 28,5 20,1 14,9 11,5 9,2 7,5 1,50 B NE 1138, 327,2 151,9 87,6 57,1 40,2 29,9 23,1 18,4 15,0 5 2,00 B ENE 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 1,50 B E 1138, 327,2 151,9 87,6 57,1 40,2 29,9 23,1 18,4 15,0 5 1,50 B ESE 1138, 327,2 151,9 87,6 57,1 40,2 29,9 23,1 18,4 15,0 5 1,00 B SE 1704, 490,2 227,6 131,3 85,5 60,2 44,8 34,6 27,6 22,5 1 2,00 B SSE 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 1,50 B S 1138, 327,2 151,9 87,6 57,1 40,2 29,9 23,1 18,4 15,0 5 2,00 B SSW 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 2,00 B SW 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 3,00 B WSW 570,4 163,8 76,0 43,8 28,5 20,1 14,9 11,5 9,2 7,5 2,00 B W 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 2,00 B WNW 854,8 245,6 113,9 65,7 42,8 30,1 22,4 17,3 13,8 11,3 1,50 B NW 1138, 327,2 151,9 87,6 57,1 40,2 29,9 23,1 18,4 15,0 5 3,00 B NNW 570,4 245,6 76,0 43,8 28,5 20,1 14,9 11,5 9,2 7,54 DISPERSION OF SUBSIDED DUST Figure 1.4. Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP Dispersion of Subsided Dust 42 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The UVS and KVS values mentioned in Article 6 of “Regulation on Protection of Air Quality” are as follows. 43 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 1.13. RPAQ UVS and KVS Values UVS KVS Particles Suspended a) Overall 150 (µ/m3) 300 (µ/m3) in Air b) Ind. Zones 200(µ/m3) 400 (µ/m3) Subsided a) Overall 350 (mg/m2. day) 650 (mg/m2. day) Dust b) Ind. Zones 450 (mg/m2. day) 800 (mg/m2. day) As a result of the calculations done for Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP; as it can also be seen in the dust concentration Table 1.9, it is observed that particles suspended in air at 200 meters remain below the KVS value of 300 (µ/m3) and UVS value of 150 (µ/m3) given in RPAQ and similarly when the table of subsided dust in the project site (Table 1.10) is examined it is seen that as of 300 meters the limit values given in RPAQ are not exceeded. Depending on the performed calculations it can be seen that Ayranc lar, Gümü tepe and Demirtepe which are the nearest settlements are within the dust impact distance. However since the construction of transmission channel would be performed by progressing through a narrow route and line, and since the impact of dust would occur temporarily in the construction of the transmission channel part of the construction process, the impact of dust shall not be continuous and shall disappear following the completion of construction work of the transmission line in the region. The impact of dust shall be mitigated by watering the areas worked on and working carefully during truck operations. Due to remaining behind the topographic cover, screening of natural vegetation and topography as well as dampening measures and the measures listed below other settlements shall remain outside the dust impact area. As a result of the calculations done for Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP; as it can also be seen in the dust concentration Table 1.9, it is observed that particles suspended in air at 200 meters remain below the KVS value of 300 (µ/m3) and UVS value of 150 (µ/m3) given in RPAQ and similarly when the table of subsided dust in the project site (Table 1.10) is examined it is anticipated that there would not be any problems in proximate settlements since as of 300 meters the limit values given in RPAQ are not exceeded. Accordingly Dereköyevleri and Kemerköp, which are the nearest settlements, are outside the dust impact distance. Additionally due to remaining behind the topographic cover, screening of natural vegetation and topography as well as dampening measures and the measures listed below proximate settlements shall remain outside the dust impact area. The values given above are theoretic calculations and they have been calculated by considering that all of the work would be conducted simultaneously. However when the width of the project area, dispersion zone, topographic structure and the measures to be taken against dust impact are considered the dust impact would occur on a lower level. During the work, the areas on which it is worked, the movement areas of trucks and working areas of heavy duty machinery shall be dampened by spray watering with sprinkler. Work shall be done carefully without any tossing during loading and unloading operations. The values determined are found by assuming that there would not be any measures taken. It is suggested that by taking measures dust emission would decrease 80%. Also, such impact would occur during the 2,5 years which is the period for the completion of the construction stage of the project and after the completion of construction dust impact shall end. There are no processes during the operation stage of the project. 44 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File In order to minimize the dust emission to arise from in-site roads, prevention of dust dispersion shall be sought by watering the roads within the facility with spray watering method. Also, during operations under the project the following aspects shall be taken into account: The provision included in Annex-1 of RCAPAIF stating that “if the filling, separating, screening, carrying, breaking and grinding operations of particle materials with a diameter bigger than 5 millimeters are carried out in fixed facilities and open areas the mass flow rate is calculated by using emission factor for facilities generating the dust emissions from places other than chimney and in case this value exceeds the limits listed in Annex-2 the subsiding dust amount measured by taking the dominant wind direction around such entities into calculation cannot be more than 450 mg/m2 –day” shall be complied with. For this reason, application of dust perturbation system using pressured pulverized water in working spaces and dampening the site using spray watering shall be performed with a device supplied for such operation. Since dust emission shall be prevented using water, water spraying process shall start simultaneously with the beginning of construction work and proceed during the construction work. The filling, separating, screening, carrying, breaking and grinding operations of particle materials with a diameter smaller than 5 millimeters shall not be performed. Accordingly, an operation regarding materials below 5 mm that cannot be foreseen at the moment, the operation shall be carried out by taking the material into a closed silo and using pressured pulverized water in order to prevent dust emission. In such case the dust concentration (PM 10) shall be no more than 3 mg/Nm3 at 3 meters away from the dust source by taking the dominant wind direction into consideration. As it is also stated in RCAPAIF, in case the limits of the mass flow rate values calculated by using emission factor in working spaces where the dust emission is generated, the provision stating that the subsiding dust amount measured by taking the dominant wind direction around such entities into calculation cannot be more than 450 mg/m2 –day shall be complied with. Under the scope of the project, stowage materials shall not be stored in the open. In case temporary storage is done as necessary during construction work, the material shall be stored in open air provided that the air quality standards are ensured. Therefore; - When necessary, wind breaking plates shall be installed, a wall shall be built or wind breaking trees will be planted in the land, - The conveyors and other carriers as well as the connection points to which such devices unload materials onto each other shall be covered, - Loading and unloading shall be performed without any tossing, - The materials shall be covered with materials with a particle size bigger than 10 mm, - Top layers shall be maintained with 10% dampness and the equipment required in order to ensure such condition, shall be installed. The roads within the facility shall be cleaned regularly and dampened constantly using a sprinkler assigned for this operation so that the air quality is not adversely affected. 45 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Against dust and dust impact under the scope of the project; the relevant provisions of “Regulation on Protection of Air Quality” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette No. 19269 dated 02.11.1986, “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Arising from Industrial Facilities” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette No. 26236 dated 22.07.2006 and “Regulation on Control of Excavation Earth, Construction and Wreckage Waste” No 25406 dated 18.03.2004 shall be complied with. 46 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File B. Operation Stage Electric energy shall be used for the heating needs of the workers during operation stage of the project and no fuel shall be used for heating purposes. There shall not be any emission during operation stage of the project. NOISE The mentioned project consists of two separate projects comprising Regulator and HEPP structures as Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant and Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant. Since such projects bear the same characteristics a single calculation is done by suggesting the same type and amount of heavy duty vehicles would be used and such calculation is interpreted separately as per the closest settlements. A. Construction Stage The project fall under the scope of entities that are not subjected to Noise Control Permit Document which is included in Article 44 of “Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise” ” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette No. 25862 dated 01.07.2005. A number of tools and machinery shall be used in work to be carried out starting from the land preparation until the opening of the facility for operation. When noise in the job site is taken into consideration, the environmental noise limit values for the job site specified in table 5 of paragraph a of Article 26 of “Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette on 01.07.2005 shall not be exceeded and working hours shall be decreased if such limits are exceeded. Operation of machinery shall not be continuous, but rather in short intervals. Such limits are as follows: Table 1.14. Environmental Noise Limit Values for the Job Site Type of Activity (building, wrecking, Ldaytime (dBA) repair) Building 70 Road 75 Other Sources 70 Source: Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette on 01.07.2005 The noise levels determined for sources of noise to be used during construction stage: Source of Noise Number Noise Level (Lw (dBA)) Grader 1 101 Roller 1 110 Dumper Truck 8 101 Ripper Bulldozer 1 110 Loader 2 105 47 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The distribution of sound power level pertaining to each source of noise to 4 octave bands between 500-4000 Hz is shown in the table below by calculating the sound power level at each octave band. Lw(i) = 10*log (10(Lw/10) / 4) Lw = Sound power level of source (dB) Distribution of Sound Power Levels of Sources of Noise to be Used during Construction Stage to Octave Bands: Sound Power Level (dB) Sources of Noise Total 500 Hz 1000 Hz 2000 Hz 4000 Hz Grader 101 95 95 95 95 Roller 110 104 104 104 104 Dumper Truck 101 95 95 95 95 Ripper Bulldozer 110 104 104 104 104 Loader 105 99 99 99 99 It is assumed that total sound power levels are distributed to 4 octave bands equally. Lp =Lw + 10* log Q / 4* * r2), where Lpi = Sound pressure levels (dB) of sources in the free zone at r distance Lw = Sound power level of the source (dB) Q = Tropic coefficient (taken as 2) r = Distance from the source (meters) 48 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Sound Pressure Levels of Sources of Noise to be Used during Construction Stage: Source of Noise Distance (m) Sound Pressure Level (dB) 500 Hz 1000 2000 Hz 4000 Hz Hz Grader 10 67,02 67,02 67,02 67,02 50 53,04 53,04 53,04 53,04 100 47,02 47,02 47,02 47,02 250 39,06 39,06 39,06 39,06 500 33,04 33,04 33,04 33,04 1000 27,02 27,02 27,02 27,02 1500 23,50 23,50 23,50 23,50 Roller 10 76,02 76,02 76,02 76,02 50 62,04 62,04 62,04 62,04 100 56,02 56,02 56,02 56,02 250 48,06 48,06 48,06 48,06 500 42,04 42,04 42,04 42,04 1000 36,02 36,02 36,02 36,02 1500 32,50 32,50 32,50 32,50 Dump Truck 10 67,02 67,02 67,02 67,02 50 53,04 53,04 53,04 53,04 100 47,02 47,02 47,02 47,02 250 39,06 39,06 39,06 39,06 500 33,04 33,04 33,04 33,04 1000 27,02 27,02 27,02 27,02 1500 23,50 23,50 23,50 23,50 Ripper Bulldozer 10 82,02 82,02 82,02 82,02 50 68,04 68,04 68,04 68,04 100 62,02 62,02 62,02 62,02 250 54,06 54,06 54,06 54,06 500 48,04 48,04 48,04 48,04 1000 42,02 42,02 42,02 42,02 1500 38,50 38,50 38,50 38,50 Loader 10 77,02 77,02 77,02 77,02 50 63,04 63,04 63,04 63,04 100 57,02 57,02 57,02 57,02 250 49,06 49,06 49,06 49,06 500 43,04 43,04 43,04 43,04 1000 37,02 37,02 37,02 37,02 1500 33,50 33,50 33,50 33,50 The sound levels to occur during construction stage are calculated by using correction factors given in Table 1.13. Table 1.15. Correction Factors as per Frequencies Central Frequency (Hz) Correction Factor 500 -3.2 49 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File 1000 0 2000 1.2 4000 1 As a result of the calculation done as per correction factors sound levels of each source of noise in the 4 octave bands (Corrected Sound Pressure Levels of Sources of Noise to be Used during Construction Stage): Source of Noise Distance (m) Sound Pressure Level (dB) 500 Hz 1000 2000 Hz 4000 Hz Hz Grader 10 63,82 67,02 68,22 68,02 50 49,84 53,04 54,24 54,04 100 43,82 47,02 48,22 48,02 250 35,86 39,06 40,26 40,06 500 29,84 33,04 34,24 34,04 1000 23,82 27,02 28,22 28,02 1500 20,30 23,50 24,70 24,50 Roller 10 72,82 76,02 77,22 77,02 50 58,84 62,04 63,24 63,04 100 52,82 56,02 57,22 57,02 250 44,86 48,06 49,26 49,06 500 38,84 42,04 43,24 43,04 1000 32,82 36,02 37,22 37,02 1500 29,30 32,50 33,70 33,50 Dump Truck 10 63,82 67,02 68,22 68,02 50 49,84 53,04 54,24 54,04 100 43,82 47,02 48,22 48,02 250 35,86 39,06 41,26 40,06 500 39,84 33,04 34,24 34,04 1000 23,82 27,02 28,22 28,02 1500 20,30 23,50 24,70 24,50 Ripper Bulldozer 10 78,82 82,02 83,22 83,02 50 64,84 68,04 69,24 69,04 100 58,82 62,02 63,22 63,02 250 50,86 54,06 55,26 55,06 500 44,84 48,04 49,24 49,04 1000 38,82 42,02 43,22 43,02 1500 35,30 38,50 39,70 40,50 Loader 10 73,82 77,02 78,22 78,02 50 59,84 63,04 64,24 64,04 100 53,82 57,02 58,22 58,02 250 45,86 49,06 50,26 50,06 500 39,84 43,04 44,24 44,04 1000 33,82 37,02 38,22 38,02 1500 30,30 33,50 34,70 34,50 50 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The calculation results of pressure levels absorbed by the atmosphere in certain distances are given below as dB: Aatm (Atmospheric Absorption) = 7.4 * 10-8 (f2 *r / ) dB f = frequency of the source of noise (or central frequency of such frequency band) (Hz) (taken as 2500) r = distance from the source (m) = relative humidity of air (%) (taken as 55%) Atmospheric Absorption Values Calculated as per Distance Frequency Distance Atmospheric (Hz) (m) Absorption 500 10 0,003 500 50 0,017 500 100 0,034 500 250 0,084 500 500 0,168 500 1000 0,336 500 1500 0,505 1000 10 0,013 1000 50 0,067 1000 100 0,135 1000 250 0,336 1000 500 0,673 1000 1000 1,345 1000 1500 2,018 2000 10 0,054 2000 50 0,269 2000 100 0,538 2000 250 1,345 2000 500 2,691 2000 1000 5,382 2000 1500 8,073 4000 10 0,215 4000 50 1,076 4000 100 2,153 4000 250 5,382 4000 500 10,764 4000 1000 21,527 4000 1500 32,291 After atmospheric absorption values were subtracted, the net sound level of each source of noise in 4 octave bands was calculated as per the following formula. First 100 meters Lp ~= LPort After 100 meters Lp = LPort – AAtm 51 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File LT = Total sound level (dBA) LT = 10log 10Li/10 Source of Noise Distance (m) Sound Pressure Level (dB) Total Sound Level (dBA) 500 Hz 1000 2000 Hz 4000 Hz Hz Grader 10 63,817 67,007 68,167 67,805 73,014 50 49,824 52,974 53,972 52,965 58,703 100 43,787 46,886 47,682 45,868 52,304 250 35,778 38,725 38,916 34,680 43,418 500 29,673 32,368 31,550 23,277 36,329 1000 23,484 25,675 22,839 6,493 28,972 1500 19,794 21,480 16,626 - 7,792 24,505 Roller 10 72,817 76,007 77,167 76,805 82,014 50 58,824 61,974 62,972 61,965 67,703 100 52,787 55,886 56,682 54,868 61,304 250 44,778 47,725 47,916 43,680 52,418 500 38,673 41,368 40,550 32,277 45,329 1000 32,484 34,675 31,839 15,493 37,972 1500 28,794 30,480 25,626 1,208 33,505 Dump Truck 10 63,817 67,007 68,167 67,805 75,667 50 49,824 52,974 53,972 52,965 61,505 100 43,787 46,886 47,682 45,868 55,281 250 35,778 38,725 38,916 34,680 46,852 500 29,673 32,368 31,550 23,277 40,329 1000 23,484 25,675 22,839 6,493 33,712 1500 19,794 21,480 16,626 - 7,792 29,776 Ripper 10 78,817 82,007 83,167 82,805 88,014 Bulldozer 50 64,824 67,974 68,972 67,965 73,703 100 58,787 61,886 62,682 60,868 67,304 250 50,778 53,725 53,916 49,680 58,418 500 44,673 47,368 46,550 38,277 51,329 1000 38,484 40,675 37,839 21,493 43,972 1500 34,794 36,480 31,626 7,208 39,505 Loader 10 73,817 77,007 78,167 77,805 83,507 50 59,824 62,974 63,972 62,965 69,232 100 53,787 56,886 57,682 55,868 62,876 250 45,778 48,725 48,916 44,680 54,108 500 39,673 42,368 41,550 33,277 47,178 1000 33,484 35,675 32,839 16,493 40,053 1500 29,794 31,480 26,626 2,208 35,769 Here the calculation of equivalent noise levels is done by assuming the worst case scenario that all heavy duty vehicles would be working simultaneously. 52 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Ldaytime = Leq Leq = 10log 10LT/10 Total Sound Levels of All Sources of Noise to be Used during Construction Stage as per Distance: 53 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Ldaytime Distance (m) (dBA) 10 90,31 50 76,01 100 69,62 250 60,78 500 53,75 1000 46,48 1500 42,09 Ldaytime (dB) – Distance (m) Ldaytime (dB) Distance (m) Figure 1.5. Distribution of Noise as per Distance Graphic Ayranc lar Regulator and HEPP As it can be seen from the calculations, the noise levels generated by heavy duty vehicles in the activity field do not exceed the environmental noise limit values specified in table 5 of paragraph a of Article 26 of Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise for the job site. The calculations are made under the assumption that all of the heavy duty vehicles work at the same time, which is the worst case scenario, however all of the heavy duty vehicles will not work at the same time. The closest settlement to the location of Ayranc lar Regulator is Ayranc lar which is located about 625 m of distance and the residence that is located within Ayranc lar about 250 m of distance. At this distance the noise level of heavy duty vehicles is determined as 60,78 dBA, and such value is below the limit value specified in the regulation. The closest settlement to the location of HEPP plant is Yeniköy, which is located about 1125 m of distance and the residence which is located within Yeniköy about 1000 m of distance. At such distance the noise level of heavy duty vehicles is determined as 46,48 dBA, and such value found through calculations is below the limit value specified in the regulation. The closest settlement to the location of transmission line planned to be built is Gümü tepe, which is located about 1250 m of distance and the residence which is located within Gümü tepe about 54 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File 50 m of distance. At such distance the noise level of heavy duty vehicles is determined as 76,01 dBA, and such value found through calculations is above the limit value specified in the regulation. However the calculations are made under the assumption that all of the heavy duty vehicles work at the same time, which is the worst case scenario, but all of the heavy duty vehicles will not work at the same time. If it is realized that the noise levels generated by heavy duty vehicles would exceed the standards, the working schedule of the workers shall be adjusted. Additionally, the noise and its effect to occur depending on the work in the transmission channel route shall not be continuous since the construction of transmission channel will progress through a narrow route and line and shall disappear following the completion of construction work. Selale Regulator and HEPP As it can be seen from the calculations, the noise levels generated by heavy duty vehicles in the activity field do not exceed the environmental noise limit values specified in table 5 of paragraph a of Article 26 of Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise for the job site. The calculations are made under the assumption that all of the heavy duty vehicles work at the same time, which is the worst case scenario, however all of the heavy duty vehicles will not work at the same time. The closest settlement to the location of Selale Regulator is De ermi which is located about 1500 m of distance and the residence that is located within De ermi about 1500 m of distance. At this distance the noise level of heavy duty vehicles is determined as 42,09 dBA, and such value is below the limit value specified in the regulation. Since there are not any settlements near to the HEPP power plant location (See Annex-2), it is assumed that there will not be any impact of construction work. However the calculations are made under the assumption that all of the heavy duty vehicles work at the same time, which is the worst case scenario, but all of the heavy duty vehicles will not work at the same time. If it is realized that the noise levels generated by heavy duty vehicles would exceed the standards, the working schedule of the workers shall be adjusted. Under the scope of the project the provisions of Labor Act No 4857 and “Code and Regulation on Worker’s Health and Job Safety” which has been enacted in accordance with such Act shall be complied with. B. Operation Stage In the operation stage of the project there shall be noise during the operation of equipment such as turbine, generator, etc. However since such equipment shall be in a closed environment within the power plant building the environmental noise will not have any effect on settlements nearby. The external façade of the power plant building shall be covered with soundproofing insulation material. During the operation stage of “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT” Project the provisions of “Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette on 01.07.2005, shall be complied with. 55 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File d) Risk of Accident Arising from the Technology and Materials to be Used Regulators and HEPPs are planned to be constructed on Bendimahi Creek; and the total installed capacity thereof shall be 40.89 MW; wherein the installed capacity of Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP is 27.28 MW, annual reliable energy generation shall be 49.76 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 59.54 GWh and the total energy of the same is 109.30 GWh; and wherein the installed capacity of Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP is 13.61 MW, annual reliable energy generation is 25.89 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 30.68 GWh and the total energy of the same is 56.57 GWh. The completion period of the facilities is 2.5 years and economic life thereof is determined as 50 years. Heavy duty vehicles shall be used during land preparation and construction work. There is a possibility of job accidents to occur in case of personnel mistakes and safety instructions not being followed as well as safety tools and equipment not being used. In order to minimize job accidents qualified workers shall be employed and the personnel shall be trained in job security. The risk of job accidents due to decrease in concentration of the personnel shall be prevented by giving short breaks within working periods. During the construction of the energy transmission channel planned to be built under the scope of the project underground rock-loosening explosions shall take place. The explosions to be performed within the tunnel shall be performed only in mandatory situations in which very hard surfaces are encountered due to the tunnel nature of the structure. Such explosions shall be very small in order to prevent the collapsing of the tunnel or the collapsing of the fortification in the fortified sections. Anfo and dynamite shall be used as explosive and delayed detonator shall be used to detonate for the explosions. The amount of explosives required for explosions shall only be maintained under the supervision of the gendarme within the framework of relevant legislation after the necessary permits are acquired. In order to store such explosive materials in the site, a 1 ton capacity movable explosive material storage shall be available in the site. In regards to the use of explosive materials provisions of “Code on Procedures and Principles of Production, Import, Transportation, Storage, Stocking, Sale, Use, Disposal and Control of Explosive Substances as well as Hunting Goods and Similar Excluded from Monopoly” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 12028 dated September 29th 1987 shall be complied with. Also, provisions of “Code on Precautions to be Taken in Work Places and Jobs in which Flammable, Explosive, Dangerous and Hazardous Substances are Used” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 14752 dated 24.12.1973 shall be complied with. Any and all precautions shall be taken during the explosion; necessary warning signs shall be placed around the entire site and siren warnings shall be given before the explosion takes place. The entire personnel within the tunnel shall be evacuated. In the operation, provisions of “Code on Precautions to be Taken in Work Places and Jobs in which Flammable, Explosive, Dangerous and Hazardous Substances are Used” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 14752 dated 24.12.1973 shall be complied with. Adequate number of fire extinguishing equipment (picks, spades, axes, water buckets, etc.) shall be available in the activity site against a possible fire; and the provisions of the relevant article “Safety Precautions Against Fire in Work Places” included in Part 1 of Section 5 of Worker’s Health and Job Security Code which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 14765 dated 11.04.1974 shall be complied with. The facility personnel shall be trained about the possible effects of fire and tasks to be carried out 56 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File in case of fire. If there is a fire possibility immediate organizations shall be notified. In case of a fire breaking out, the progression of the fire shall be stopped by intervention with heavy duty vehicles and by abrading trees within a certain distance to be determined in accordance with the speed of wind and the speed of the fire. Following the detection of the fire in the region and sounding the alarm, the problem shall be attempted to be eliminated immediately using the firefighting equipment available in certain locations and the following actions shall be performed. When the fire is detected, first the people in the surroundings, personnel working in the facility, people in the lodging house, and then the relevant officials shall be notified. • The closest security and firefighting units as well as settlements shall be notified. • The environmental safety shall be ensured by emergency intervention team. • Fire extinguishing teams shall intervene the fire immediately. • In fires from liquid gas or electricity, the flammable substance sources in proximity to the fire shall immediately be insulated. • ‘Saving lives’ shall be the first priority in case of a fire. In such cases, people risking their lives and the life of others due to unnecessary actions shall be stopped. • The fire shall be attempted to be extinguished with the closest suitable extinguishing devices. • Against the grazing and suffocating effect of the smoke mouths and noses shall be covered with a wet cloth. • Adequate number of personnel and foam extinguishers and all of the valves shall be readily available. • The emergency intervention teams assigned to putting out fires shall be in communication with the local fire department. The following firefighting systems shall be available and used in the power plant site against a possible fire hazard. 9 Gas Tubes (Extinguishing gases to be used by spraying) 9 Flame Detector (in a manner to automatically transmit to the control panel in case of a flame) 9 Gas Detector (the alarm system shall be activated in case of a leakage or in case the gas concentration in the environment increases and the system shall be secured through decreasing the gas concentration in the environment by automatically activating the fans). In order not to pose any danger and risk for workers in the facility danger and warning signs shall be placed on necessary spots and thus all possible risks and dangers shall be minimized. Periodical personnel trainings shall take place in order to prevent possible job accidents. The relevant provisions of Labor Act No. 4857 and the “Code and Regulation on Worker’s Health and Job Security” which has been enacted in relation to such Act shall be complied with in the facility. 57 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File e) Measures to be Taken Against Possible Environmental Effects of the Project The water of Bendimahi Creek to be used under the scope of the project is planned to be used only for energy generation purposes. Excavation waste material shall be out of the question since excavation waste material dug out during land preparation shall be used for filling of foundation and holes, and for environmental planning and construction of roads in the facility. In case there are excavation waste materials in the project site provisions of “Regulation on Excavation Earth, Control of Construction and Wreckage Waste” No. 25406 dated 18.03.2004 shall be complied with. For the dust emissions to occur during construction stage under the scope of the project provisions of “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Resulting from Industrial Facilities” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 26230 dated 22.07.2006 shall be complied with. The waste water to be generated during construction and operation stages of the activity shall be collected in the leakproof septic tank to be built in accordance with the provisions of “Regulation on Holes to be Dug in Locations Where Construction of a Sewage Conduit is not Possible” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 13783 dated 19.03.1971. The plan of the Leakproof Septic Tank is given as an annex (See Annex-9). The waste water accumulated in the septic tank shall be taken for a price using a sewage truck by Muradiye Municipality. Thus the possible environmental pollution effect of waste water shall be minimized. The domestic solid waste to be generated during construction and operation stages of the activity shall be gathered by being collected separately in order to facilitate disposal and utilization thereof without causing any damage to the environment, to prevent environmental pollution and to contribute to the economy; and required measures shall be taken in accordance with “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 20814 dated 14.03.1991 shall be complied with in regards to such waste. In compliance with Article 18 of section four of the same regulation which is related to the collection and transport of solid waste; solid waste shall not be dumped in locations where they might cause adverse effects on the environment and shall be collected and stored in standard waste bins with a closed lid. According to the Article 20 of the same section, they shall be transported in closed vehicles in a way not to pollute the environment in terms of appearance, odor, dust, leakage and similar factors, and shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). The flow converted by the regulator is used for energy purposes in channel power plant projects and the water is returned to be creek bed at HEPP location without any changes occuring in the amount and quality thereof. However in order not to cause draught in the creek bed located between the location of the regulator and the location of HEPP and to maintain natural life water shall constantly be released to the creek bed. The amount of water required to maintaining continuity of natural life in the creek is 0.45 m3/s after Ayranc lar Regulator and 0.54 m3/s after Selale Regulator; and these amount shall be applied as water right. However in case of any adverse event the amount of water required for maintaining the continuity of natural shall be released to the bed in the water intake outlet of the creek. 58 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File The adverse effects of the project to occur during construction and operation periods of the project are explained in detail in Section 1.c and the measures to be taken against such effects are also specified. As it can be seen from the calculations effects polluting the environment shall remain below the limit values. Aspects specified in acts, codes and regulations shall be complied with during the construction and health and medical staff shall be available in the jobsite. 59 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File SECTION II. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT The Following Aspects should be Taken into Account While Evaluating the Sensitivity of the Area Likely to be Effected from the Project a) Current Land Use and Quality (Agricultural Area, Forestry Area, Planned Area, Water Surface etc) It is planned by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . to construct and operate the “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant as well as Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” on Bendimahi Creek which is located 5 km North of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. Transportation to the project site is made over the Van-Çald ran highway. The transportation road is of stabilized type and is open for transportation all seasons except for very severe progressing winter days. There is not any current planning such as zoning, environmental planning etc. regarding the area in which the project would be realized. The project area is not located in an area considered as forest. There is Bendimahi Creek which flows constantly and on which the project would be built as water surface within the activity area. Muradiye Waterfall is located on Bendimahi Creek between two projects and at a 10 km distance to Muradiye District. The waterfall falls from heights varying between 15-20 meters. The surroundings of the waterfall is used for recreational purposes. The location of the waterfall is shown on a 1/25000 scale map (See Annex-2) and on Satellite photos (See Annex-12). Also, photos of the waterfall are provided in annexes (See Annex-13). According to the flow direction of Bendimahi Creek; about 800 meters after Ayranc lar Regulator there is Muradiye Waterfall (See Annex-13), whereas Selale Regulator is located nearly 300 meters after Muradiye Waterfall (See Annex-12). The land use maps of the project area are established from Van Land Asset Report and 1/100.000 scale land asset map is given in an annex (See Annex-14). As it can be seen from the map, Ayranc lar regulator and Ayranc lar plant building are class VII, Ayranc lar penstock pipe, Ayranc lar forebay, Ayranc lar transmission channel-II, and Selale regulator is class VI, Ayranc lar transmission channel-I VI is class VII, Selale regulator is class VI, Selale transmission channel-II is class VI, Selale forebay, Selale penstock pipe and Selale plant building are class II lands; and land use capabilities thereof are given as follows. Characteristics of Class II Soils: Soils which fall under this class includes; a slight slope, medium exposure to water and wind erosion or to medium level of adverse effects of past erosions, an earth depth which is less than ideal, slightly impractical soil structure and arability, salinity or sodication which varies from slight to medium, which is easily corrected, yet still visible, occasional flooding damage, wetness which can be corrected by drainage, but constantly exists as a medium degree classification, and individual or combined effects of 60 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File slight climate limitations on land use and administration. There is wetness and aridity on the most part of the area which is exposed to slight or medium degree of erosion. Characteristics of Class VI Soils: Soils which fall under this category have constant irreversible limitations such as steep slope, severe erosion damage, adverse effects of past erosion, rockiness, shallow root zone, extreme wetness or flooding, low humidity capacity, salinity or sodication. It is not appropriate to grow cultivated plants on soil which has one or more of these limitations. They can only be used as pasture, meadow and forest. Characteristics of Class VII Soils: Soils which fall under this category have very severe limitations such as very steep slope, erosion, earth shallowness, rockiness, wetness, salinity or sodication which obstruct growing cultivated plants. Under the scope of the project the final amount of agricultural land shall be determined during mapping and expropriating processes to be realized prior to the construction work. Since the qualifications of agricultural lands shall be determined during expropriation of such lands Land Protection and Land Usage Act No. 5403 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25880 dated 19/07/2005 and Meadows Act No 4342 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 23272 dated 28/02/1998 shall be complied with. All permits required for use of agricultural lands and meadows shall be obtained prior to the beginning of construction work. Additionally, there is not any current planning such as zoning, environmental planning etc. regarding the area in which the project would be realized. The project area is not located in an area considered as forest. Prior to the beginning of the construction stage of the project opinions of General Directorate of Forestry shall be obtained. The most significant water source is the Bendimahi Creek on which the project shall be realized. As it can be seen from the opinion of Governorship of Van Provincial Directorate of Agriculture included in the annex Cyprinus capio (carp) and pearl mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi) species live in the creek (See Annex-16). Carp (Cyprinus capio): Cyprinus capio is a benthopelagic and potamadromous type of fish, it can survive both in fresh water and slightly salty (bitter) water with a pH value between 7-7.5. Carp which can survive in lakes and slow flowing rivers is a species which is commonly caught in Turkey. Carp prefers shallow and warm water and has quite a high tolerance against inadequate water quality conditions. Although the specie is durable against many conditions and has a high tolerance, it generally prefers slow flowing large masses of water or calm waters which have soft bottom sediments. The common carp specie can easily develop in large muddy rivers. Pearl mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi): Pearl mullet is a fish species of cyprinidae family which lives only in Van Lake Basin. Pearl mullet is a species that migrates. Despite living in the lake, it migrates to rivers that flow into the lake in order to breed and returns to the lake after breeding. The breeding period is between the beginning of April and the end of July, and during this period they migrate to rivers by gathering in large schools. During this migration it waits in river mouths for osmotic adjustment because it cannot pass from salty-soda lye (sodal ) water to fresh water directly while it goes to and returns from laying eggs. When the water temperature in rivers reach 13 °C they start laying eggs by going to rivers. After laying their eggs in slightly pebbly, sandy regions in areas where the rivers spread and slow down, they return to the lake. The seed fish hatching from the eggs start going to the lake within 1-2 weeks. Seed fish feed in schools in the parts of the lake which are abundant in terms of food during the summer. Pearl mullet spread to the entire lake provided that they do not pass above 25 m of depth of the lake in the summer and spread to the parts of the lake with a depth up to 60 m in the winter (Sar 2001, 61 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Sar 2003). The most general information about the distribution of pearl mullet in Van Lake is given in the table below. 62 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Distribution of Pearl Mullet in Van Lake as per months and its migration time to the river Months The depth Location of the fish preferred by the Lake River fish (m) January 40-60 * February 40-60 * March 20-30 * April 5-20 ** * May 1-15 ** *** June 1-15 * *** July 5-20 *** * August 5-20 * September 10-25 * October 15-35 * November 25-40 * December 40-60 * If the small creeks, which have water during spring and dry up during summer, are considered as well, the pearl mullet lays its eggs by entering 101 rivers surrounding the lake. Naturally, the number of fish entering into a river with high flow rate and number of fish entering into a river with low flow rate would be proportionate with the flow rate of water. Accordingly 1/3 of the flow rate of the river should be released to the creek bed during the breeding period between April and July. The point to be highlighted here is that the pearl mullet enters into all fresh water flowing to the lake during breeding period. However the 12 large rivers surrounding the lake form the main breeding habitat. If Van is placed upon the center and it is listed from the north to the west; these rivers are, Morali Brook, Karasu Creek, Bendimahi Creek, Deliçay, Zilan Creek, Kumlu Brook, Karm Creek, Güzelsu Creek, Derea z Brook, Güzelkonak Brook, Geva Brook and Engilsu Creek. In case barrages or reservoirs of regulators are installed on the river as a physical barrier, they may obstruct passage of species moving between the top part and the bottom part of the rivers. In Article 8 of Regulation on Water Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry which has been published in the Official Gazette No. 22223 dated March 10th, 1995; it is stated that it is mandatory to place a suitable grid or a cage on the starting points of all kinds of channels and ditches used for irrigation and other purposes on production locations of water products such as natural lakes, reservoirs, lagoons and rivers and to build appropriate fish passages, fish lifts or fish screens. In order to prevent such a situation fish passages shall be built under the scope of the project. Also for the continuity of natural life 0.45 m3/sec and 0,54 m3/sec of water shall be released after Ayranc lar and Selale Regulators, respectively. The 1/25000 scale geology map and the geology of the region (See Annex-10), earthquake map and earthquake situation of the region (See Annex-11), site location and highways map (See Annex-1) and satellite photos of the region (See Annex-12), which show the project areas, are provided in the mentioned annexes. 63 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File a) By taking Vulnerable Precincts in Annex-5 into Consideration; Wetlands, Coasal Locations, Mountain and Forest Ranges, Agricultural Areas, National Parks, Special Areas Under Protection, Densely Populated Areas, Areas with Historical, Cultural, Archeological and Similar Importance, Erosion and Afforestation Areas as well as Water Bearings which need to be Protected in accordance with Act on Underground Waters No 167 When the project area and its surroundings are examined by taking the Vulnerable Precincts in Annex V of EIA Regulation into consideration; they do not fall under the scope of the ‘Areas that need to be protected in accordance with our national legislation’ included in article 1 of the list, ‘Areas that need to be protected in accordance with international conventions to which our country is a party’ in article 2 of the list and ‘Areas that need to be protected’ in article 3 of the same. FLORA It is planned by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . to construct and operate the “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant as well as Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” on Bendimahi Creek which is located 5 km North of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. When seen in the light of Davis’s grid system (flora of Turkey and the East Aegen Islands), the project area is in square B-9, in East Region and is under the influence of Eastern Anatolia Phytogeographic Region. The Vegetation Formations of Eastern Anatolia Phytogeographic Region is shown in Figure 2.2. A literature study was conducted as well as land observation in order to determine the flora of the project area and its surroundings. The species determined within the framework of the conducted land work and literature studies are given in the list below. In this study the endemism situation, endangerment classes of the species and to which phytogeographic region they belong are specified. Turkish words used for such plants are given by using the book titled ‘Turkish Plant Names Dictionary’ (Baytop, 1994). 64 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Figure 2.1. The Vegetation Formations of Eastern Anatolia Phytogeographic Region 65 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 2.1. Flora Table 66 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File In order to determine the endemic and endangered plant species among the species specified in the list above the publication of Turkish Nature Protection Association and Van 100th Year University (2000) titled ‘Red Data Book Of Turkish Plants’ was scanned and no endangered plant species was found. There are also not any species under protection in accordance with National and International Conventions. FAUNA The fauna of the project area is determined as a result of the literature study conducted. In this study was conducted by a member of our staff, the Biologist Sema ERG N and the results of such study is provided in the list below. The wild life groups, which are determined/likely to live in the region in which the activity area is included, are given in the list below: 67 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Table 2.2. Fauna Table 68 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File In order to determine the species under protection among the species specified above Turkish Environmental Legislation, ‘The Convention on the Protection of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats’ and their relevant annexes were examined. The species under protection in accordance with Bern convention are shown. According to the Bern Convention protected fauna species is divided into two categories. I Species which are definitely under protection II Protected species Provisions of Article 6 of Bern Convention Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary legislative and administrative measures to ensure the special protection of the wild fauna species specified in Appendix II. The following will in particular be prohibited for these species: a) all forms of deliberate capture and keeping and deliberate killing; b) the deliberate damage to or destruction of breeding or resting sites; c) the deliberate disturbance of wild fauna, particularly during the period of breeding, rearing and hibernation, insofar as disturbance would be significant in relation to the objectives of this Convention; d) the deliberate destruction or taking of eggs from the wild or keeping these eggs even if empty; e) the possession of and internal trade in these animals, alive or dead, including stuffed animals and any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof, where this would contribute to the effectiveness of the provisions of this article. Provisions of Article 7 of Bern Convention 1. Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary legislative and administrative measures to ensure the protection of the wild fauna species specified in Appendix III. 2. Any exploitation of wild fauna specified in Appendix III shall be regulated in order to keep the populations out of danger, taking into account the requirements of Article 2. 3. Measures to be taken shall include: a) closed seasons and/or other procedures regulating the exploitation; b) the temporary or local prohibition of exploitation, as appropriate, in order to restore satisfactory population levels; c) the regulation as appropriate of sale, keeping for sale, transport for sale or offering for sale of live and dead wild animals. 69 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File According to IUCN fauna species under protection are classified as follows: EX (Extinct) Extinct taxonomy (Extinct) EW (Extinct in the Wild) Taxonomy extinct in the wild (Extinct in the Wild) CR (Critically Endangered) Taxonomy which is critically endangered (Critical) EN (Endangered) Endangered Taxonomy (Endangered) VU (Vulnerable) Taxonomy, extinction risk of which is high in the wild (Vulnerable) NT (Near Threatened) Taxonomy which may be threatened (Near Threatened) LC (Least Concern) Widely spread and densely populated taxonomy (Low Risk) DD (Data Deficient) Taxonomy to which an evaluation cannot be made regarding its distribution and/or population because there is not enough information (Data Deficient) NE (Not Evaluated) Not evaluated taxonomy (Not evaluated) Some bird species (ERZ, 1977; HEINWALD et all., 1981; BAYERISCHE STAATSMINISTEIUM 1982 a and b; GEEP 1984) which are included under protection with National and International Legislation based on the publication titled “Birds of Turkey” (K Z RO LU, 1989) and defined within the project area classified as follow in accordance with their categories: A.1 Endangered species A.2 Species under serious threat A.3 Species under threat A.4 Species which give potential danger signs B Categories Temporary-Transit species The categories shown in the below table are classified in accordance with 2007-2008 Hunting Period Decision of Central Hunting Commission of General Directorate of Natural Protection and National Parks of Ministry of Environment and Forestry which has entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 26574 dated 06.07.2007. Additional List – I Wild animals under protection of Ministry of Environment and Forestry Additional List – II Hunt animals under protection of Central Hunting Commission Additional List – III Hunt animals hunting of which is permitted between certain periods by Central Hunting Commission Action shall be taken in accordance with protection measures specified in the decisions of Central Hunting Commission of General Directorate of Natural Protection and National Parks of Ministry of Environment and Forestry for the species included in the protection lists pertaining to the 2007-2008 Hunting Period prepared as per the decisions of such commission. Additionally actions shall be made in accordance with list included in Appendix- 4 of Berne Convention during construction and operation stages. 70 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File PART III. ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT AND LOCATION (Selection Reasons for the Project Technology and Project Area) It is planned by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . to construct and operate the “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant as well as Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” on Bendimahi Creek which is located 5 km North of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. The total installed capacity of the plants shall be 40.89 MW; wherein the installed capacity of Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP is 27.28 MW, annual reliable energy generation shall be 49.76 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 59.54 GWh and the total energy of the same is 109.30 GWh; and wherein the installed capacity of Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP is 13.61 MW, annual reliable energy generation is 25.89 GWh, annual secondary energy generation is 30.68 GWh and the total energy of the same is 56.57 GWh. The water of Bendimahi Creek to be used under the scope of the project is planned to be used only for energy generation purposes under current conditions. Due to hydrologic, geologic, topographic reasons, the project is designed as “River Type Plants”. River type HEPPs are not water consuming facilities. Under the scope of the project the water turbined for generation of electricity shall be returned to the bed at the same amount and in the same quality. As suggested in “Van-Muradiye Project Planning Report” drawn up by Su- Project in 1967, for the mentioned project, the Barrage option was examined and in line with both the economic examination and the data in “Van-Muradiye Project Ayranc lar Barrage Enginnering Geology Planning Report” drawn up by SHW in 1985, when the geological, economic and ecologic conditions were reviewed together it was decided that the construction of Ayranc lar Barrage would not be suitable. Therefore the option with a regulator which has been suggested in “Van-Muradiye Project Muradiye Hydroelectricity Power Plant Planning Report” which had been drawn up by SHW in 1965 for the same location was suggested as the main option. However an alternative study comprising two stages was made by taking into account the environmental impacts due to Muradiye Waterfall which is located in the project site, on the Bendimahi Creek between 1820.00~1805.00 m of altitude being located among the main altitudes (2012.00~1710.00 m) of the project. In the project in which the energy would be generated in a single stage; it is foreseen that water raised by Ayranc lar Regulator at 2007.00 m base altitude on Bendimahi Creek shall be taken into the forebay with an altitude of 2002.50 m through a transmission tunnel with a length of 16000 m, and from there it shall be transferred to power plant building at 1710 m tailwater altitude using a penstock pipe with a length of 1930.00 m. Along with these facilities the electricity to be generated in the power plant shall be connected to the internal grid (interconnected system) using a 5 km, 33 kV 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line (It is not considered to realize this project). In the project in which the energy would be generated in two stages (this project); water regulated by Ayranc lar Regulator at 2007.00 m base altitude on Bendimahi Creek shall be 71 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File taken into the forebay with a water altitude of 2005.30 m through a transmission tunnel with a length of 12800 m, and from there it shall be transferred to Ayranc lar HEPP at 1820.00 m tailwater altitude using a penstock pipe with a length of 995.00 m. Along with these facilities the electricity to be generated in Ayranc lar HEPP shall be connected to Selale HEPP outline using a 5 km, 33 kV 795 MCM Energy Transmission. Then, after passing Muradiye Waterfall, water exiting Ayranc lar HEPP tailwater shall be regulated again through Selale Regulator at 1790.00 m base altitude and taken into a forebay with a water altitude of 1792.30 m through a transmission tunnel with a length of 5105.00 m, then it shall be transferred to Selale HEPP at 1710.00 m tailwater altitude using a penstock pipe with a length of 325.00 m. Along with these facilities the electricity to be generated in Ayranc lar HEPP shall be connected to Selale HEPP outline using a 5 km, 33 kV 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line and the electricity from both plants shall be connected to Muradiye DC using a a 5 km, 33 kV 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line. However; ‘Energy Transmission Line’ projects are not included in the scope of List of projects to which Election, Elimination Criteria would be Applied included in Annex-2 of Environmental Impact AsseSPMent No. 25318 dated 16.12.2003 and the scope of the mentioned project. (Van Muradiye Project Muradiye HEPP Feasibility Report). 72 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File CONCLUSIONS It is planned by MURAD YE ENERJ ÜRET M LTD. T . to construct and operate the “MURAD YE AYRANCILAR HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar Hydroelectric Power Plant as well as Selale Regulator and Selale Hydroelectric Power Plant)” on Bendimahi Creek which is located 5 km North of Muradiye District of Van in the East Anatolia Region. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project, which consists the 1st stage with an installed capacity of 27,28 MW which is defined as Muradiye HEPP-1 comprising Ayranc lar Regulator and Ayranc lar HEPP units, and the 2nd stage with an installed capacity of 13,61 MW which is defined as Muradiye HEPP-2 comprising Selale Regulator and Selale HEPP units, has a total installed capacity of 40,89 MW. Along with these facilities the electricity to be generated in Ayranc lar HEPP shall be connected to Selale HEPP outline using a 5 km, 33 Kv 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line and the electricity from both plants shall be connected to Muradiye DC using a a 5 km, 33 Kv 795 MCM Energy Transmission Line. However; ‘Energy Transmission Line’ projects are not included in the scope of Environmental Impact AsseSPMent No. 25318 dated 16.12.2003 and the mentioned project. According to the flowing direction of Bendimahi Creek; about 800 meters after Ayranc lar Regulator which is the last unit of the 1st stage there is Muradiye Waterfall (See Annex-13) and the first unit of the 2nd stage which is the Selale Regulator is located nearly 300 meters after Muradiye Waterfall. Satellite Photos of the project units, Muradiye Waterfall and Van Lake and its surroundings are included as an annex (See Annex-12). Transportation to the project site is made over the Van-Çald ran highway. The transportation road is of stabilized type and is open for transportation all seasons except for very severe progressing winter days. The location map of the project is given as an annex (See Annex-1). The 1/25.000 scaled General Layout Plan displaying the project site, the facilities to be constructed and close surroundings is provided as an annex (See Annex-2). It is aimed to turbine the water of Bendimahi Creek using the HEPPs planned to be constructed under the scope of the project. Under current conditions it is aimed to use water of Bendimahi Creek to be used under the scope of the project only for generation of energy and to return the water without losing its chemical properties to the creek bed. Due to hydrologic, geologic, topographic reasons, the project is designed as “River Type Plants”. River type HEPPs are not water consuming facilities. Under the scope of the project the water turbined for generation of electricity shall be returned to the bed at the same amount and in the same quality. In addition to the big dams, investments of which are required to be undertaken by the government sector, the authority to establish and operate such “River Plant” type facilities has been granted to the private sector with Act No. 3096 dated 19/12/1984. The works of the project which is attempted to be implemented by benefiting from the mentioned act are carried out by Muradiye Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Bendimahi Creek is the water source of the project. Bendimahi Creek is one of the biggest rivers of Van Lake Basin, and emerges from the North of the city with the combination of river tributaries coming from various directions between Alada and 73 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File Tendürek Mountain. The main source of the river is the water coming from Sar göl and Kaz Lake on the Southwest of Tendürek Mountain. The river which often changes flow direction due to having many tributaries irrigates Çald ran Plain on the South of Tendürek Mountain. Many tributaries combine on the southern section of the Plain as if they are joining at a lake. The most important of these tributaries is Ya l dere coming from the North. It then irrigates Muradiye Plain. The river which starts to open up and expand beyond this point flows to the Northeast end of Van Lake at the end of this triangle plain which the river has filled with alluvium. The length of Bendimahi Creek is about 90 km. The Hydrometeorology Map of the region is given in Annex-3. The amount of water required to maintaining continuity of natural life in the creek is 0.45 m3/s after Ayranc lar Regulator and 0.54 m3/s after Selale Regulator; and these amount shall be applied as water right. However in case of any adverse event amount of water which would ensure continuity of natural life shall be released in the downstream of the water intake of the creek bed. Under the scope of the project the final amount of agricultural land shall be determined during mapping and expropriating processes to be realized prior to the construction work. Since the qualifications of agricultural lands shall be determined during expropriation of such lands Land Protection and Land Usage Act No. 5403 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25880 dated 19/07/2005 and Meadows Act No 4342 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 23272 dated 28/02/1998 shall be complied with. All permits required for use of agricultural lands and meadows shall be obtained prior to the beginning of construction work. Under the scope of the project; the “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 20814 dated 14.03.1991 shall be complied with in regards to domestic solid waste to be generated. In accordance with Article 8 of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” shall be gathered by being collected separately in order to facilitate disposal and utilization thereof without causing any damage to the environment, to prevent environmental pollution and to contribute to the economy; and required measures shall be taken. In compliance with Article 18 of section four of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which is related to the collection and transport of solid waste; solid waste shall not be dumped in locations where they might cause adverse effects on the environment and shall be collected and stored in standard waste bins with a closed lid. In compliance with Article 20 of “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” they shall be transported in closed vehicles in a way not to pollute the environment in terms of appearance, odor, dust, leakage and similar factors, and shall be disposed of by Muradiye Municipality (See Annex-8). There shall be an impact in terms of visuality due to the topographic changes to occur during construction stage of the project. In order to minimize such effect and create areas more integrated with the environment and to regain thereof, there shall be landscaping arrangements in sections to be selected around project units, provided that such sections are in harmony with the natural, social and cultural texture of the region. Under the scope of the project the provisions of the following and other legislation related to regulations enacted in accordance with such law shall be complied with: 74 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File • “Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Resulting from Industrial Facilities” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 26230 dated 22.07.2006, • “Regulation on Evaluation and Management of Environmental Noise” ” which entered into force by being published In the Official Gazette No. 25862 dated 01/07/2005, • “Regulation on Control of Water Pollution” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25687 dated 31.12.2004, • “Regulation on Control of Solid Waste” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 20814 dated 14.03.1991, • “Regulation on Environmental Impact AsseSPMent” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25318 dated 16.12.2003, • Circulars No. 1634 dated 17.08.1987 and No 4343 dated 31.08.1989 and also Regulation on Structures to be Built in Disaster Zones No. 23098 dated 02.09.1997 • Labor Act No 4857 and “Code and Regulation on Worker’s Health and Job Safety” which has been enacted in accordance with such Act, • “Regulation on Water Products” No. 1380, • “Regulation on Protection of Wetlands” which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25818 dated 17.05.2005, • Land Protection and Land Usage Act No. 5403 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 25880 dated 19/07/2005, • Meadows Act No 4342 which entered into force by being published in the Official Gazette No. 23272 dated 28/02/1998, as well as Environment Act No. 2872, Act on Modifications on Environment Act No. 5491. 75 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File REFERENCES 1. Çevre Bakanl , Aral k 2004: Çevresel Etki De erlendirmesi Yönetmeli i, Ankara 2. Çevre Bakanl , Temmuz 2006, “Endüstri Tesislerinden Kaynaklanan Hava Kirlili inin Kontrolü Yönetmeli i” 3. Çevre Bakanl , Temmuz 2005, “ Çevresel Gürültü Yönetmeli i” 4. Çevre Bakanl , Aral k 2004 “Su Kirlili i Kontrolü Yönetmeli i”, 5. Çevre Bakanl , Mart 1991, “Kat At klar n Kontrolü Yönetmeli i” 6. 4857 Say l Kanunu ve Bu Kanuna Ba l Olarak Ç kart lm Olan “ çi Sa l ve Güvenli i le lgili Tüzük ve Yönetmeli i “ 7. 17.08.1987 Tarih ve 1634 Say l ve 31.08.1989 Tarih ve 4343 Say l Genelge ve 02.09.1997 Tarih ve 23098 Say l Afet Bölgelerinde Yap lacak Yap lar Hakk ndaki Yönetmelik 8. Atalay, .,1994,Türkiye Vejetasyon Co rafyas -Vegetation Geography Of Turkey 9. Baytop, Prof Dr. T., Türkçe Bitki Adlar Sözlü ü Atatürk Kültür Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu Yay nlar , 1978 10. Demirsoy, Prof. Dr. A, Genel ve Türkiye Zooco rafyas , Ankara 2002 11. Demirsoy, Prof. Dr. A, Türkiye Omurgal lar , Amfibiler,1996 12. Demirsoy, Prof. Dr. A, Türkiye Omurgal lar , Sürüngenler, 1996 13. Demirsoy, Prof. Dr. A, Türkiye Omurgal lar , Memeliler, 1996 14. D E, 1993: l Ve Bölge statistikleri, D E Bas mevi, Ankara. 15. D E, 1994(A) : Türkiye statistik Y ll 1994, D E Bas mevi, Ankara. 16. D E, 1995: Çevre statistik-Hava Kirlili i, D E Bas mevi, Ankara 17. Doç. Dr. Müezzino lu A., Hava Kirlili inin Ve Kontrolünün Esaslar ,1987 18. EPA (U.S. Env ronmental Protect on Agency), 1988,Supplement B To, Comp lat on Of A r Pollutant Em s on Factors, Volume I, Stat onary Po nt And Area Sources, USA, 19. Karpuzcu, M. 1991:Çevre Kirlenmesi ve Kontrolü, stanbul 20. Kiziro lu ., Türkiyenin Ku lar , Orman Genel Müdürlü ü Yay nlar , Ankara 1989 21. Çevre ve Orman Bakanl , Do a Koruma ve Milli Parklar, Av-Yaban Hayat Genel Müdürlü ü 2007-2008 Av Dönemi Merkez Av Komisyonu Karar 22. Red Data Book Of Turk sh Plants ‘Türkiye Tabiat Koruma Derne i ve Van 100. Y l Üniversitesi 2000 23. T.C. Bay nd rl k Ve skan Bakanl Afet leri Genel Müdürlü ü Deprem Ara t rma Dairesi Ba kanl , 1996; Türkiye Deprem Bölgeleri Haritas , Ankara 24. TÇV, Haziran 1992: Türk Çevre Mevzuat , Önder Matbaa, Ankara. 25. www.mta.gov.tr 26. www.kgm.gov.tr 27. www.yerelnet.org.tr 28. www.dsi.gov.tr/hizmet/enerji.htm 29. www.eie.gov.tr. 30. www.deprem.gov.tr 31. Van Muradiye Projesi, Muradiye HES Fizibilite Raporu, Yol-Su Mühendislik, Nisan 2006 32. Van l Çevre Durum Raporu 76 MURAD YE Enerji Üretim Ltd. ti. Muradiye Ayranc lar HEPP Project Information File 77