China - Second Yunnan Urban Environmental Project (Vol. 2 of 6) : Consolidated environmental assessment report

E1748 v2 PEPOLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA YUNNAN PROVINICAL GOVERNMENT THE WORLD BANK YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT (YUEP) CONSOLIDATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REPORT YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT OFFICE KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AUGUST 2007 DRAFT VERSION IDU 11/5/07  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE...................................................................................................................I 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................1 1.1 YUEP PROJECT BACKGROUND......................................................................................1 1.1.1 GOVERNMENT STRATEGY .....................................................................................1 1.1.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SIGNIFICANCE..........................................................3 1.1.3 THE GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF YUEP................................................................3 1.1.4 WORLD BANK CONTRIBUTION .............................................................................4 1.1.5 YUEP PROJECT ORGANIZATION ...........................................................................5 1.2 Overview of the Consolidated EA (CEA).............................................................................6 1.2.1 PURPOSE OF EA.........................................................................................................6 1.2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF CEA AND THE GRADE OF ASSESSMENT......................6 1.2.3 PREPARATION OF CEA ............................................................................................9 1.2.4 COMPOSITION OF THE CEA AND THE ASSESSMENT CONSULTANT..........10 1.3 THE RESEARCH SCOPE OF CEA...................................................................................12 1.3.1 MACRO-LEVEL ANALYSIS....................................................................................12 1.3.2 DURATIONS TO BE ANALYZED BY CEA ...........................................................12 1.3.3 THE RELATIONS BETWEEN SUBCOMPONENT EIA AND THE CEA..............12 1.4 THE SCOPE OF EA AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS) 12 1.4.1 SCOPE OF EA............................................................................................................12 1.4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS)...............15 1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS AND ASSESSMENT FACTORS ................15 1.5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS.........................15 1.5.2 EACREENING ...........................................................................................................16 2 INSTITUTIONAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK.........................................25 2.1 Environmental Policy Framework.......................................................................................25 2.1.1 introduction .................................................................................................................25 2.1.2 Environmental prtection Laws And Regulations.........................................................25 2.1.3 Technical Policies for Pollution Prevention & Control...............................................26 2.1.4 Socio-economic Development And Environment protection Plans And Planning .....26 2.1.5 Technoque Guide Rule And Criterion of EIA.............................................................27 2.1.6 Environmental Quality Standards................................................................................28 2.1.7 Pollutants Discharge and control Standards................................................................28 2.1.8 The World Bank Safeguards Policies..........................................................................46 2.1.9 Documents Referred in Processing this EA Report.....................................................47 2.2 Environmental Management Institutions and Roles............................................................48 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS ....................................................55 3.1 project name and organization ............................................................................................55 3.2 Project Proposed Location...................................................................................................56 3.3 Subcomponents' Owners or Implementing Organization ...................................................62 3.4 project construction scheme ................................................................................................64 3.4.1 Project construction scale and content ........................................................................64 3.4.2 Subcomponents' construction locations......................................................................81 3.4.3 Objectives of Subcomponents.....................................................................................84 3.5 Subcomponents of water supply..........................................................................................89 3.5.1 Main properties ...........................................................................................................89 3.5.2 Pipe network and pump station ...................................................................................89 Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - I - Kunming University of Science & Technology  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report 3.5.3 Water Treatment Process.............................................................................................90 3.5.4 The usability analysis of water resources....................................................................90 3.6 Subcomponents of Municipal Waste Water Treatment.......................................................92 3.6.1 Main Attributes ...........................................................................................................92 3.6.2 Influent and Effluent Water Quality of the waste water treatment facility..................93 3.7 Subcomponents of Riverway Water Environment Integrated Renovation..........................95 3.7.1 Main Attributes ...........................................................................................................95 3.7.2 Dredging......................................................................................................................96 3.7.3 Riverway Integrated Renovation Analysis..................................................................96 3.8 Subcomponents of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal ..........................................................97 3.8.1 Main Attributes ...........................................................................................................97 3.8.2 Solid Waste Disposal Methods....................................................................................98 3.8.3 Disposal of Leachate ...................................................................................................98 3.8.4 Disposal of Landfill Gas..............................................................................................99 3.9 Investment of subcomponents...........................................................................................100 3.10 Implementation schedule plan...........................................................................................101 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF PROJECT AREAS.................................103 4.1 Environmental Overview of Yunnan Province .................................................................103 4.2 Environmental Overview of Project Area in Kunming.....................................................106 4.2.1 Luquan County..........................................................................................................106 4.2.2 Songming County......................................................................................................109 4.2.3 Xundian County ........................................................................................................112 4.3 Environment Overview of Dali City (Erhai).....................................................................115 4.3.1 Dali City....................................................................................................................115 4.3.2 Eryuan County...........................................................................................................121 4.3.3 Erhai Lake Basin .......................................................................................................124 4.4 Overview of Environment in Lijiang Area........................................................................130 4.4.1 Lijiang City ...............................................................................................................131 4.4.2 Huaping County ........................................................................................................134 4.4.3 Yulong County ..........................................................................................................137 4.5 Overview of Environment in Wenshan Prefecture............................................................140 4.5.1 Wenshan County .......................................................................................................140 4.5.2 Qiubei County ...........................................................................................................143 4.5.3 MaLiPo Count...........................................................................................................149 4.5.4 Funing County...........................................................................................................152 4.5.5 Yanshan County ........................................................................................................157 4.5.6 Guangnan County......................................................................................................160 4.5.7 Maguan County.........................................................................................................163 4.6 Dam Safety........................................................................................................................166 5 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT.................168 5.1 Environmental impact analysis during constructional period ...........................................168 5.1.1 Water supply and STP projects .................................................................................168 5.1.2 Waterway (lakes) comprehensive regulaiton ............................................................181 5.1.3 Subcomponentof municipal facilities of waste treatment..........................................195 5.1.4 Other types of projects ..............................................................................................196 5.2 Subcomponentimpact analysis in Running phase .............................................................202 5.2.1 Water Supply and drainage projects and WWTP......................................................202 5.2.2 The sub-components of municipal solid waste..........................................................217 5.2.3 The Integrated Environmental Renovation Subcomponents on Rivers (Lakes)........236 5.2.4 Other types ................................................................................................................238 Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - II - Kunming University of Science & Technology  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report 6 MITIGATION MEASURES..............................................................................242 6.1 The mitigation measures during construction phase .........................................................242 6.1.1 Mitigation Measures of WS & WW Sub-components ..............................................242 6.1.2 Mitigation Measures for Domestic SW Sub-component...........................................243 6.1.3 Mitigation Meaures for River/Lake water environment rehabilitation treatment......248 6.1.4 Other Subcomponents ...............................................................................................252 6.2 Mitigation during operating stage .....................................................................................256 6.2.1 Water supply and STP sub-component .....................................................................256 6.2.2 Municipal waste solid treatment sub-component......................................................259 6.2.3 The comprehensive treatment sub-component for the water(lake) environment ......262 6.2.4 Other sub-components...............................................................................................263 7 ENVIRONMENT RISK ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .............267 7.1 Water Supply Sub-Components........................................................................................267 7.1.1 Environmental Risk from Water Quality Deterioration and Quantity Scarcity in Water Resource and the Mitigation Measures......................................................................................267 7.1.2 Chlorine Leakage Risk and Mitigation Measures .....................................................269 7.2 WWTP and Associated Sewer Networks Components.....................................................272 7.2.1 Potentially Environmental Risk Accidents in WWTP...............................................272 7.2.2 Environmental Risk of Sewer Pipelines and the Mitigation Measures .....................276 7.2.3 Municipal Solid Waste Management Components ...................................................277 8 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS..........................................................................281 8.1 Contents and Principles for Alternatives Analysis............................................................281 8.2 Alternatives Comparison Analysis of Water Supply Component.....................................281 8.2.1 Analysis on Alternatives of "With" and "Without" the Sub-Component .................281 8.2.2 Analysis on Sources of Water Supply Alternatives...................................................282 8.2.3 Pipeline System Pavement Comparison Analysis.....................................................284 8.2.4 Water Treatment Process Comparison in Water Supply Plant..................................285 8.2.5 Water Supply Plant Site Comparison Analysis.........................................................286 8.2.6 Water pipelines proposal comparison analysis..........................................................287 8.3 Alterative Propasal Comparison Analysis of Sewage Treatment Component ..................288 8.3.1 No Project Comparison Analysis ..............................................................................288 8.3.2 Sewage networks Propasal Comparison Analysis.....................................................289 8.3.3 WWTP site selection Comparison Anlysis ...............................................................290 8.3.4 Wastewater Treatment Processes Comparison Analysis...........................................295 8.3.5 Sludge Disposal Propasal Comparison Analysis.......................................................301 8.4 Alternative Propasal Comparison and Analysis MSW Disposal Project ..........................304 8.4.1 No Project Comparison Analysis ..............................................................................304 8.4.2 MSW Disposal Propasal Comparation......................................................................305 8.4.3 Landfill Site Comparison ..........................................................................................306 8.4.4 Leachate Treatment Propasal Comparison................................................................312 8.5 Alterative Propasal Comparison Analysis for River Water Environment Integrated Treatment Project ..............................................................................................................................315 8.5.1 8.5.1No Project Comparison Analysis ......................................................................315 8.5.2 Specific Propasal Comparison Analysis....................................................................315 8.5.3 Dredging Propasal Comparison.................................................................................320 9 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ANALYSIS ...............................................321 9.1 Project Development Objective and Impact Analysis.......................................................321 9.1.1 Project Development Objective and General Impact ................................................321 9.1.2 Project Output and Performance ...............................................................................321 Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - III - Kunming University of Science & Technology  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report 9.2 Expected Project Benefits .................................................................................................322 9.2.1 Basic Benefits............................................................................................................322 9.2.2 Benefits on Public Health and Living Quality...........................................................323 9.2.3 Reduction of Pollution to Water Environment..........................................................323 9.2.4 Protection of Er'hai ...................................................................................................323 9.2.5 Aquatic Ecology and Wetland Conservation.............................................................324 9.2.6 Flood Prevention and Improvement of Residing Safety............................................325 9.2.7 Capacity Building on Environment Management .....................................................327 9.3 Impact Brought by the Project Sitting...............................................................................328 9.3.1 Environmental Impact of Resettlement.....................................................................328 9.3.2 Impact on Physical Culture Resources......................................................................328 9.3.3 Impact to International Waterways ...........................................................................331 9.4 Environmental Benefits.....................................................................................................332 9.4.1 Eco-system of River/Lake Basins Approach to Benign Circulation .........................332 9.4.2 Pollutant Load Reduction..........................................................................................333 9.4.3 Water Quality Improvement......................................................................................333 9.4.4 Water and Soil Conservation Benefit........................................................................333 9.4.5 Eco-landscape Benefit...............................................................................................334 9.4.6 Increasing of Environment Management Ability Benefit .........................................334 9.4.7 Provision of a Sound Enviornmental Conditions to Local Socio-Economic Growth334 9.5 Social Benefit....................................................................................................................334 9.5.1 Increased Residents Health Level and Improved People's Living Quality...............334 9.5.2 Increased Employment Opportunity..........................................................................334 9.5.3 Imporved Investment Environment and Enhanced Regional Sustainability .............335 9.5.4 Increased Public Awareness Towards Environmental Protection.............................335 9.5.5 Imporved Flood Control Capacity.............................................................................335 9.5.6 Provision Basic Data for Regional Pollution Abatement ..........................................335 9.6 Economic Benefit..............................................................................................................335 9.6.1 Economic benefit from Pollution Control .................................................................335 9.6.2 Eco-environment Improvement Benefit....................................................................336 9.6.3 Tourism Development Benefit ..................................................................................336 9.6.4 Income Increasing Benefit.........................................................................................336 9.7 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................336 10 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION PUBLICITY .................338 10.1 ology and Approach ..........................................................................................................338 10.2 Output and Conclusion......................................................................................................340 10.2.1 Output and Conclusion of the First Public Participation...........................................341 10.2.2 Output and Conclusion of The Second Public Participation .....................................345 10.2.3 Output and Conclusion of Information Publicity ......................................................348 11 RESETTLEMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ...............................................349 11.1 Overview...........................................................................................................................349 11.2 Project Impact ...................................................................................................................349 11.3 Policy Structure and Deserved Right ................................................................................350 11.4 Land and Building Conpensation Standard.......................................................................351 11.5 Restoration Measures of Income and Building .................................................................352 11.6 Institutional Arrangement..................................................................................................353 11.7 Vulnerable Groups ............................................................................................................353 11.8 Appeal Mechanism............................................................................................................353 11.9 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)...................................................................................354 11.10 Financing and Implementation Planning...........................................................................354 Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - IV - Kunming University of Science & Technology  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report 12 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ..................................355 12.1 Environmental Management System.................................................................................355 12.1.1 Environmental Management Administrative System................................................355 12.1.2 Supervision of Environmental Managemen ..............................................................356 12.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan........................................................................................358 12.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Organization ..................................................................358 12.2.2 Implementation of Environmental Monitoring..........................................................359 12.3 Training Plan.....................................................................................................................364 12.3.1 Environmental Management Personnel and Environmental Supervisor...................364 12.3.2 Construction Unit and Worker ..................................................................................365 12.3.3 Operators...................................................................................................................365 12.3.4 Training and its Budget.............................................................................................366 12.4 Estimation of Environment Management Expenses and Resource...................................366 12.4.1 Budget Distribution:..................................................................................................366 12.4.2 Budget of EMP and Fund Resource..........................................................................366 13 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION.......................................................................................................372 Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - V - Kunming University of Science & Technology  YUEP - Consolidated EA Report ABBREVIATIONS,ACRONYMSAND UNITS A