China - Third Jiangxi Highway Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 10) : Environmental management plan

The People's Republic of China World Bank Loan Jiangxi No. 3 Highway Project (Ruijin to Ganzhou Expressway) Environmental Management Plan (Fifth version) Jiangxi Province Communication Department World Bank Loan Project Office Jan. 2006  CONTENTS Forewords................................................................................................................................- 1 - 1.1 Overview............................................................................................................................- 1 - 1.2 Compilation basis...............................................................................................................- 1 - 2 Environmental impact assessment conclusions .........................................................................- 5 - 2.1 Ecological environment .....................................................................................................- 5 - 2.2 Water environment.............................................................................................................- 6 - 2.3 Acoustic environment ........................................................................................................- 7 - 2.4 Ambient air ........................................................................................................................- 9 - 2.5 Social environment ..........................................................................................................- 10 - 2.6 Pollution risk of transportation ........................................................................................- 11 - 2.7 Alternative alignments.....................................................................................................- 12 - 2.8 Profit/loss analysis of environmental economy ...............................................................- 12 - 2.9 Environmental protection, management and monitoring plans .......................................- 12 - 2.10 Public participation........................................................................................................- 13 - 2.11 Comprehensive assessment conclusion..........................................................................- 14 - 3 Mitigation measures for Environmental impacts .....................................................................- 15 - 3.1 Mitigation measures for ecological environmental impact..............................................- 15 - 3.2 Mitigation measures for water environmental impact......................................................- 19 - 3.3 Mitigation measures for acoustic environmental impact .................................................- 25 - 3.4 Mitigation measures for ambient air impact ....................................................................- 41 - 3.5 Mitigation measures for social environmental impact.....................................................- 42 - 3.6 Traffic accident management and prevention measures ..................................................- 45 - 3.7 Environmental protection measures for roadbuilding materials and transportation ........- 51 - 4 Executing organization for environmental management and its duties ...................................- 53 - 4.1 Executing organization for environmental management .................................................- 53 - 4.2 Environmental management plan.....................................................................................- 55 - 4.3 Supervising organization .................................................................................................- 64 - 5 Environmental monitoring plan and environmental standard threshold value.........................- 66 - 5.1 Environmental monitoring plan .......................................................................................- 66 - 5.2 Environmental standard threshold value..........................................................................- 68 - 6 Ability development and environmental protection training ...................................................- 70 - 7 Implementation progress and cost estimation..........................................................................- 71 - 7.1 Implementation progress for environmental protection measures ...................................- 71 - 7.2 Investment budget for environmental protection.............................................................- 72 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment Forewords 1.1 Overview TheEnvironmental Management Plan for People's Republic of China World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3(Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway)(fourth version) is based on theEnvironmental Impact Assessment Report for People's Republic of China World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3(Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway)(fourth version). The environmental protection measures, environmental monitoring and training plans proposed in this report have been reviewed and agreed to implement by Jiangxi Provincial Communications Department World Bank Loan Project Office, Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute, and the Resettlement Office for this project. Jiangxi Provincial Communication Department is responsible for organizing the implementation of environmental management plan for the People's Republic of China World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway). Jiangxi Provincial Expressway Administration and Jiangxi Provincial Communication Department World Bank Loan Project Office are responsible for the implementation of environmental measures for this project during design, construction and operation stages. 1.2 Compilation basis 1.2.1 National laws, regulations and technical specifications (1) "People's Republic of China Law on Environmental Protection" (1989.12.26); (2) "People's Republic of China Law on Environmental Impact Assessment"(2003.9.1); (3) "People's Republic of China Law on Prevention and Control of Ambient Noise Pollution" (1996.10.29); (4) "People's Republic of China Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution" (1996.5.15); (5) "People's Republic of China Law on Air Pollution Prevention" (2000.4.29); (6) "People's Republic of China Law on Solid Waste Pollution Prevention" - 1 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment (1995.10.30); (7) "People's Republic of China Law on Water and Soil Conservation" (1996.6.29); (8) "People's Republic of China Law on Land Management" (1998.12.29); (9) "People's Republic of China Law on Flood Control" (1998.1.1); (10) "People's Republic of China Law on Fishery" (1986.7.1); (11) "People's Republic of China Law on Agriculture" (2003.3.1); (12) "People's Republic of China Law on Wild Animal Protection" (1988.11.8); (13) "People's Republic of China Law on Cultural Relics Protection" (2002.10.28); (14) "People's Republic of China Law on Road" (1999.10.31); (15) "Implementing Regulations of People's Republic of China Law on Land Management" (1999.1.1); (16) "Implementing Regulations of People's Republic of China Law on Water and Soil Conservation" (1993.8.1); (17) "Environmental Protection Management Rules of Construction Project"(State Council Ordinance No. 253, 1998.11.29); (18) "Environmental Protection Classification Management Register for Construction Project" (2003.1.1); (19) "Regulations of Basic Farmland Protection"(State Council Ordinance No. 257, 1999.1.1); (20) "Environmental Protection Management Method of Road Construction Project" (2003.6.1); (21) "Registar Namelist of Wildlife under Special State Protection" (1989.1.13); (22) "State Council Notice on Issuing National Ecological Environmental Protection Guideline"(State Council ordinance [2000]No. 38, 2000.11.26); (23) "Urgent Notice on Forbidding Occupying Basic Farmland for Planting Issued by State Council"(state [2004]No 1, 2004.3); (24) "Notice on Most Rigid Implementing Cultivated Land Protection in Road Construction"(issued by the Ministry of Communications [2004]No. 164, 2004.4); (25) "Notice on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment for Construction Project loaned by International Financial Organization"(NEPA[1993]No. 324, - 2 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment 1993.6.21); (26) "Environmental Protection Management Regulations for Construction Project in Jiangxi Province"(Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress Order No. 96, 2001.6); (27) "Environmental Pollution Prevention Regulations in Jiangxi Province"(Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress Order No. 63, 2000.12). 1.2.2 Relevant technical specifications (1) "Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment"(HJ/T2.1 2.3-93, HJ/T2.4-1995, HJ/T19-1997, NEPA); (2) "Environmental Impact Assessment Specification for Road Construction Project (tentative)"(JTJ005-96, MOC); (3) "Environmental Protection Design Specification of Road"(JTJ/T006-98, MOC); (4) World Bank Safeguard Policies, including Operational Policies(OP), Best Procedure(BP), Good practice(GP) and Operational Directives(OD). They are: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01); Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP4.12); Cultural Property (OP4.11); Natural Habitats (OP/BP4.04); Indigenous People (OD4.20); Forestry (OP/GP4.36); Safety of Dams (OP/BP4.37); Pest Management (OP4.09); Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP/GP7.60); Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP/GP7.50). Of the ten World Bank safeguard policies, Environmental Assessment (OP/BP/GP4.01), Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP4.12), and Cultural Property (OP4.11) are applied in the EIA; (5) "Notice about Ambient Noise in Environmental Impact Assessment in Construction Projects such as Highway, Railway (Including Light Railway)" environment2003No 94, 2003.5.27. 1.2.3 Relevant documents in the project preliminary work (1) "Feasibility Study Report for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 - 3 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway) in People's Republic of China" Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute, Sept 2004. (2) Feasibility Study Report for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Section of Xiamen-Chengdu National Expressway) in People's Republic of China Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute, May 2005. (3) Preliminary Design for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway) in People's Republic of China Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute, Sept 2005. (4) Preliminary Design for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway) in People's Republic of China Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute, Oct 2005. (5)Environmental Impact Assessment Report for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway) in People's Republic of China(Third version), Ministry of Communications Highway Research Institute, (Oct. 2005). (6) Cultural Relics Assessment Report for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 (Ruijin-Ganzhou Highway) in People's Republic of China,Jiangxi Provincial Archaeological Institute, Oct. 2005. (7) Water Conservation Scheme for World Bank Loan Jiangxi Road Project No. 3 Ruijin-Ganzhou Section of Xiamen-Chengdu National Expressway in People's Republic of China(for submission),Jiangxi Provincial Water Conservation Research Institute ,Oct. 2005. - 4 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment 2 Environmental impact assessment conclusions 2.1 Ecological environment (1) The current ecological environment in the assessment scope of the proposed highway is good. The highway will take up a permanent land size of 12535.42mu. The land occupation type includes forestland, paddy field, non-irrigated field, wasteland, etc. The construction of the highway will cause certain agricultural economic losses, but will not produce remarkable influence on the distribution pattern of the land and vegetation. (2) Subgrade excavation and earth/stone filling of the proposed highway construction will change the landform and topography of some areas to a certain extent. But corresponding engineering protection measures taken during the design, construction and operation stages of the highway can minimize such adverse effects on vegetation, land utilization and farmland change. (3) Within the assessment scope of the proposed highway there is no natural reserve, no rare and endangered animals and plants distributed there. The engineering construction's impact on vegetation is mainly the cutting, rooting, burying and trampling of trees, fruit trees, flowers and plants, bush and farmland crops in the acquired lands during construction stage. Some small animals living there will be threatened to some degree during the whole construction stage of the highway. The above impact can be compensated for to a certain degree through the greening and planting measures. (4) Within the assessment scope for this highway, the animal species are mostly domestic animals, poultry and some common little wild animals that are few in population and are not very demanding for living environment and are adaptable to human activity. This road construction has not caused and changed their habitat environment greatly, will not interfere their normal life, which can still continue surviving in the areas along the route. (5) This project construction will disrupt and damage the original landform, land and vegetation, the possibly created soil erosion will produce adverse impact on the project construction, production and life along the route, as well as nearby ecological - 5 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment environment. But because the protection works will be designed, constructed and accepted simultaneously with the main works of the project, the actually occurred water and soil erosion will be far smaller than the forecasted value. The earth borrow pits, waste banks, embankments, cutting slopes, service areas and construction sites are the main places where soil erosion occurs. 2.2 Water environment (1)Current water quality monitoring on route section crossing rivers and reservoirs indicates that: the three water quality indicators: pH value, hypermanganate index and petroleum all can meet corresponding water quality functional zoning requirement; the monitored results of suspended substance in Gongjiang River, Ganjiang River, Xijiang River and Dongfeng reservoir can meet class criteria ofSurface Water Resource Quality Standard(SL63-94)(see table5.2.1-1); the monitored results of suspended substance in Shangxi River cannot meet class criteria ofSurface Water Resource Quality Standard(SL63-94). (2) During the construction stage, because earth borrowing and filling may cause silt of certain amount to enter into water bodies along the route, which will produce certain influence to the water quality of some rivers, reservoirs, and canals. In building subgrade at the two banks of river-crossing bridges, measures shall be taken to reduce and avoid the impact on water body, which can be resumed after construction is finished. (3) The bridge substructure construction is separated from road section construction campsite, and the sanitary sewage emission of each campsite is only 3.2~ 6.4t, discharged in a dispersed and temporary manner. Through setting up septic tank and effective management, the influence of sanitary sewage during construction stage can be acceptable. So the bridge substructure construction for the proposed highway will only have a slight negative effect on water environment. In addition during construction stage the construction waste oil will be collected, deposited and transported to designated places for treatment, thus will not exert an unfavorable influence on the surrounding environment either. The boring dregs of bridge construction are required to be transported out of river district and be piled up, and corresponding environmental protection measures shall be taken to prevent water body pollution. - 6 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment (4)The water pollution sources during operation stage are mainly sewage from service areas, parking lots, tollgates and management stations. The sewage must be treated to meet national class discharge standard before discharging. It is sugeested to install small sewage disposal equipment of relevant capacity according to respective sewage discharge volume and the sewage disposal equipment shall be well maintained and managed so to ensure its normal operation, in this way the outlet water quality can meet classcriteria of Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996)(see table5.2.1-1). After the sewage disposal equipment is finalized, impact on local water environment by the sewage produced from the above service facilities is not large. (5)During Operation stage, the pollutants carried by pavement runoff in a raining period are mostly suspended substances and little amount of petroleum, mainly occurring in the initial raining time. The flow and velocity of the river which the proposed highway crosses are relatively stable, having greater dilution ability. Within the assessment scope of downstream bridge site, there is no centralized type drinking water intake. So, it can be concluded that bridge floor runoff's impact on water quality is very small. In order to prevent river-crossing bridge section from occurring leakage accident of hazardous articles resulting in water pollution, the 12 bridges crossing rivers and reservoirs of this project are required to have guardrails strengthened and reinforced, and the bridge floor runoff shall be collected and dealt with so that they will not enter into water bodies directly. (6)This project shall not cause great adverse effect on farmland irrigation along the route. Water conservancy projects such as river and channel that are intruded will be reconstructed according to their existing capability. (7)In the next stage design unit shall optimize bridge and culvert design. Farmland irrigation system and water supply/drainage facilities that are intruded and separated by subgrade shall be restored. 2.3 Acoustic environment (1) Within the assessment scope there is no large-scale industrial and mining - 7 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment enterprises, the traffic noise of existing railways, national roads, provincial roads, and county roads are the main sources of noise pollution, followed by the living and production noise of residents in most Monitoring sites, the applicable noise criteria are not exceeded. The major noise source is traffic noise on existing roads; the acoustic quality along the route is basically good. (2) Construction noise will have a certain impact on the acoustic environmental quality along the route; this kind of noise impact mainly appears in a range 130m from construction site in daytime and 480m from construction site in nighttime. (3) In 100m beyond construction site and its construction/transportation roads (detour roads) the acoustic impact is relatively small, but will still exert a relatively great influence on people within 50m, especially construction noise at night will influence their rest and sleep. (4) To carry out environmental monitoring on sensitive locations, to supervise and promote good-mannered construction, to regulate construction, and to guarantee residents' normal life and study. (5) According to class 1 standard limit(55dB in daytime and 45dB at nighttime) in GB3096-93, the farthest standard-satisfying distances in daytime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 126m, 155m and 187m respectively from road center line; the farthest standard-satisfying distances in nighttime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 123m, 223m and 310m respectively from road center line. According to class 2 standard limit(60dB in daytime and 50dB at nighttime) in GB3096-93, the farthest standard-satisfying distances in daytime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 69m, 86m and 106m respectively from road center line; the farthest standard-satisfying distances in nighttime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 76m, 136m and 207m respectively from road center line. According to class 4 standard limit(70dB in daytime and 55dB at nighttime) in GB3096-93, the farthest standard-satisfying distances in daytime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 20m, 24m and 30m respectively from road center line; the farthest standard-satisfying distances in nighttime along the two sides of the highway in short-term, mid-term and long-term stages are 46m, 78m and 119m respectively from - 8 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment road center line. It is suggested that planning department not to approve building schools and hospitals that have high acoustic quality requirement within 310m from both sides of the Highway, and building civilian houses within 207m. (6) Prediction and calculation of 67 sensitive locations identified in the recommended scheme indicate that among them there are 5 sensitive locations satisfying the noise standard and the other 62 sensitive locations have noise excess of different degrees. The 5 sensitive locations satisfying the noise standard all locate in interchange linking-up road.The predicted results of 3 sensitive locations in scheme of Sanmen comparison section are exceeding standard. Among the sensitive locations with noise excess, 43% sensitive locations exceed standard at night during the long-term operation stage. Except xiabao sanatorium, the predicted results of 8 schools and 1 sanatorium along the route exceed standard during the short, mid and long-term operation stage, of which the ambient background noise values in Datian primary school, Huoxing primary school, Xijaing Township sanatorium, Sanmen middle school, Wansong primary school, Tianxin primary school, Gangbian primary school and Yeshan primary school have already exceeded class 1 criteria (55dB in daytime and 45dB at nighttime ) of Ambient Noise Standard in Urban Area (GB3096-93 ). (7) For the standard-exceeding sensitive locations of recommended scheme during operation stage, these measures will be implemented: to build sound barrier, to install soundproofing windows and to plant noise reduction greenbelt with an investment of 25.725 million yuan. (8) Among the noise excessive sensitive locations of this project, 53 sensitive locations are excessive during the mid and long-term operation stage(2023). For those sensitive locations, 15 representative locations (schools and residences) are chosen for noise monitoring during operation stage, and corresponding noise reduction measures will be taken according to the monitored results. 2.4 Ambient air (1) The areas the highway runs by are mostly rural areas with the outdoor ambient air kept in natural condition. There is no large-scale pollution source in the assessment scope along the route, and the existing pollutants are automobile tail gas, pollutants produced by people's life and production, etc. But the emission is relatively - 9 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment small. (2) The NO2 and TSP average daily concentrations along the highway all comply with class air quality standard of GB3095-1996(see table 5.2.3-1), the monitored results indicate that the environmental air quality is good along the route. (3) The main environmental problem is TSP and bituminous smoke pollution during highway construction stage. Stabilizing soil mixing station shall be far away from sensitive locations; attention shall be given to workers' labor protection. Construction roads and material transportation roads shall be sprinkled with water and road surface shall be cleaned, roadbuilding material transporting vehicles shall be covered with geotextile. Stock grounds shall be far away from residential areas and shall be covered. In filling subgrade water shall be sprinkled in time; the bituminous concrete mixing station shall be located 300m away from leeward wind direction of sensitive locations. (4) The NO2 daily average concentrations in 20m from road center line of the proposed highway can meet the class limits(see table 5.2.3-1) for ambient air quality standard during the short-term and mid-term stages; The NO2 peak hour concentrations in 20m from road center line of the proposed highway can meet the class 2 limits for ambient air quality standard during the long-term operation stages; The class standard-satisfying distance of NO2 daily average concentration is 2060m from road center line. (5) It can be seen from the forecasting results that this project's impact on ambient air quality is slight. There are a total of 67 sensitive locations along the route, analyses and predicting indicate that when the sensitive locations are in leeward wind direction during the long-term operation stage, standard exceeding may probably occur in 3 sensitive locations. 2.5 Social environment (1) Construction of the proposed highway will exert a positive influence in promoting social and economic development, in promoting rational adjustment of industrial sectors in areas along the route, in fostering the social and economic development and tourist resource development in areas along the route and in the whole Jiangxi Province, in improving the local investment environment, and in promoting structural adjustment of three major industries. - 10 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment (2) This project will permanently take up lands with a total size of 12535.42mu, of which3934.73 mu for cultivated lands. Land allocation and use value transformation could mitigate land occupation's impact on agricultural economy. (3) To mitigate impact, it is schemed to do good removal and resettlement work, to conscientiously enforce local government's removal and resettlement policy. Because reasonable number of overpasses and passageways will be set up, impact on life convenience of residents along the route could mitigate. (4) Operation of the proposed highway will alleviate the traffic pressure imposing on original existing roads, will improve traffic environment, and will reduce traffic accidents. (5) The construction unit will strengthen publicity on historical relic protection, protective measures shall be made available to underground historical relic being found during construction, which shall be traced and monitored. 2.6 Pollution risk of transportation (1) Though accident probability of hazardous cargo transportation is extremely small, but once the accident takes place, the consequence will be very serious. The construction department will formulate emergency plan, shall enhance training and management and shall strengthen emergency handling ability so to reduce pollution risk to a minimum. (2) In order to prevent river- and reservoir-crossing bridge sections from occurring accident of hazardous articles vehicles resulting in water pollution, the 12 bridges crossing water bodies of this project will have guardrails strengthened and reinforced to prevent the vehicles from falling into the water, and to design closed and perfect bridge floor drainage system which could lead the runoff into the sedimenting tanks at the two ends of bridge so that the leaked hazardous articles on the bridge floor will not enter into rivers along with the runoff. (3) The 7 tunnels of this project, especially the 3 long tunnels, all have been designed for safety purpose, and are installed with relatively perfect ventilating system, power supply and illumination system, fire-fighting system, traffic control system, urgent telephone system, closed-circuit TV system, fire warning system and central control system, whose normal operation and use can effectively prevent - 11 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment accidents from occurring or can ensure quick and effective rescue in case of accident. 2.7 Alternative alignments After route comparison in the feasibility study stage preliminary design stage , the recommended alignment basically is the best alignment in environmental protection. In order to do good environmental protection work for this project conscientiously, Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute will pay attention to solving the following problems at next stage: In high-fill and deep-cut sections, Jiangxi Provincial Transportation Design Institute will further study the design plan for slope protection. At the design of next stage, attention will be paid to the environmental protection and water and soil conservation of the highway itself and the earth borrow and waste banks. It will be conscientiously implemented simultaneous design between the environmental protection project and main project works. 2.8 Profit/loss analysis of environmental economy National economic evaluation and financial evaluation of this project indicate that it has certain anti-risk ability. The environmental protection investment needed by the proposed highway is about 73.39696 million yuan(including the water conservation investment), accounting for 1.27% of the total investment for the project. 2.9 Environmental protection, management and monitoring plans (1) The environmental protection management during construction and operation stage for this project is executed by Jiangxi Provincial Communication Department planning office, Jiangxi Provincial Communication Department World Bank loan project office, and Jiangxi Provincial Expressway Administration. (2) The monitoring cost for this project during construction stage is 600,000 yuan, and the monitoring cost during operation stage is 840,000 yuan. (3) The construction unit has already established a removal and resettlement office and a coordinating group for design, resettlement and environmental protection, - 12 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment responsible for the environmental management and removal/resettlement of this project. (4) Detailed environmental management plan (EMP) has already been formulated so as to finalize the environmental mitigation measures and implementation of environmental monitoring plan. 2.10 Public participation (1) Construction of the proposed highway is a rare good chance to the areas along the route, especially to the development of county towns where the route passes. Local government and residents along the route spare no effort to support this highway to pass in front of their "own door". (2) In order to avoid and mitigate various kinds of negative impacts possibly produced by the highway construction, related departments and units will: in designing route and construction, to make every effort to take as little cultivated land and good farmland as possible; to well protect the existing irrigation and water conservancy facilities; to take highway afforestation and engineering protection measures in highway section apt to soil erosion so to prevent soil erosion; to safeguard the legitimate interests of residents involved in land acquisition and removal; to make public the relevant compensation policy and standard, and to distribute compensation money to the grassroot organizations in order to be used in local production and resident life in due time. (3) Because people along the project, especially those who may be subject to land occupation, removal and resettlement do not still know compensation policies about land occupation, removal and resettlement in road construction, it will be implemented that during the land occupation, removal and resettlement for this project, such policies and compensation standard will be publicized to concerned people along the route through local government so as to make this project familiar to and welcomed by the people. (4) For possible environmental problems brought out by this project, the environmental assessment unit and design unit have already put forward corresponding environmental protection measures such as removal, sound barrier, installing sound insulating window, and environmental management in construction stage, etc. (5) At next stage various kinds of media such as broadcast, TV, newspaper, etc. will be utilized to release information to the public, to offer unobstructed access to - 13 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment environmental file inquiry and environmental complaint telephone. (6) Cooperating with environmental protection department to solve and deal with public appeal and complaint in time. (7) According to various environmental protection measures put forward in the assessment report, Jiangxi Provincial Expressway Administration will carry out follow-up investigations in all period during the design, construction and operation stage. 2.11 Comprehensive assessment conclusion In sum, the development, construction and operation of this project will produce certain adverse impacts on the ecological environment, resident's life, school teaching along the route, but so long as the mitigation measures proposed by this report are conscientiously implemented, such adverse impacts produced can be effectively controlled and can be reduced to a minimum acceptable to the environment. The route alignment is basically rational; the social and economic benefits of the project are remarkable. This assessment concludes that in terms of environmental protection, construction of this proposed highway is feasible. - 14 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment 3 Mitigation measures for Environmental impacts 3.1 Mitigation measures for ecological environmental impact 3.1.1 Design stage (1) To further optimize and adjust the alignment, to reduce occupation of cultivated lands, to balance cut/fill volumes and to reduce waste volume and the number of earth borrow and waste banks. (2) Site selection for construction campsite shall avoid farmland or shall occupy as little farmland as possible. To rationally arrange construction plan, to reduce the time for temporary land occupation. (3) When the highway passes through high mountains and natural forestlands, it shall mainly in the form of tunnel and bridge so to reduce the mileage of cut/fill works volume, and thus reducing destruction on vegetation and plant as much as possible. The present design alignment basically adopts tunnels and bridges to pass the natural forestlands. (4) To design subgrade water drainage and protection works, such as intercepting trench, side ditch, facing wall, slope protection, retaining wall, crib protection etc., which can not only stabilize the subgrade but also can prevent and control soil erosion? (5) The original appearance of rivers and valleys shall be maintained as much as possible so to reduce river course realignment, to reduce the clearance of grass and trees in the rivers and valleys. (6) The guardrail in bridges will choose material with high strength. (7) Selection of earth borrow and waste banks: earth borrow and waste banks are forbidden to locate in basic farmland protection zone, rather they will be preferably located in secondary vegetation land with grass and wastelands, thus not directly influencing the primitive vegetation. In addition, in rainy season the intensity of rainstorm is relatively large and duration is relatively long, so construction shall choose dry season during construction stage, thus helpful to construction. Before rainy season comes, good preparations must be taken to prevent soil erosion, concretely by piling waste earth neatly, excavating drainage ditches and building retaining walls, so as to - 15 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment reduce soil erosion's destruction to natural vegetation and to maintain local rivers in their normal conditions too. Waste earth and slag banks shall not be located in river course and along rivers so to avoid water pollution and to avoid mud-rock flow destroying downstream river. (8) For earth borrow pits and waste (dreg) banks, environmental protection design shall be carried out, and the following principles shall be followed to formulate tunnel waste dreg utilization plan. Used as filling materials for subgrade outside tunnel and for bridge embankment, while the transport distance is not too far; Used to fill hillside wasteland to turn into construction site so that they are unlikely to be destroyed by flood when mountain torrent comes and endanger downstream farmlands; When the tunnel portal area is all good farmland and there is wasteland in distance, they shall be delivered to the waste land in long-distance; When near the tunnel site there is all cultivated land and waste slags must take up farmland, the topsoil shall be first shoveled away, after the project is finished, the original topsoil shall be covered on waste banks so as to restore cultivation. (9) To rationally arrange construction season and time: to rationally arrange construction in dry season so as to reduce destruction on river and water quality; blasting and construction are forbidden at night in order to reduce impact on local wild animals. (10) Propagation (wildlife and environmental protection propagation, and manufacturing propagation boards) and setting-up of supervisory organization before construction. (11) The afforestation design of the highway shall be in pace with the engineering design of the main project, priority shall be given to adopting local arbor, shrub, and grass in the design in order to restore and compensate for the vegetation. 3.1.2 Construction stage (1) Education for environmental protection shall be strengthened to construction workers so that they will observe national and regional laws and relevant regulations so as to protect natural resources, not to injure wild animals, not to cut down trees arbitrarily, and to consciously protect various kinds of animals, plant and natural - 16 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment landscape in natural forestlands along the route. (2) The tunnel (entrance and exit) will be the place needing special monitoring during construction. Because in road construction the tunnel is always a controlled project with long construction time, large volume of waste earthwork disposal, thus during tunnel construction, it is required to strictly control the piling of materials and the collecting/disposing of waste earthwork. (3) Construction of pier in bridge construction will inevitably exert an influence on the vegetation, so it is required to strictly control the size of vegetation occupation and impact on peripheral vegetation. Relevant national laws and regulations shall be strictly followed to go through the formalities in acquiring forestland and vegetation, casual tree cutting and surface vegetation removing are forbidden. (4) Construction time in the natural forestlands shall be shortened as much as possible, and construction at night is forbidden. (5) Life garbage and sewage produced from construction campsites shall be collected and disposed. (6) For temporary land occupation such as detour roads and working sheds, their destruction on vegetation shall be reduced to a minimum. If detour roads pass through wooded section with big trees, the detour roads shall pass around it, the trees around working sheds shall be kept to a maximum extent. The establishment of detour road shall not destroy natural landscape, shall not move excessive earthwork, and shall not cause collapse. (7) Attention shall be paid to protection of river course during construction, construction shall be mainly in dry season, before rainy season comes it is required to dredge the river course and to excavate drainage canals in construction site, and to guarantee unobstructed river flow and clean water quality in the river. As far as drinking water is concerned, it is required to solve the water problem for residents before the project construction begins, and to consider the influence on construction stage and in the future. (8) Various kinds of construction behaviors such as earth borrowing and waste disposal shall be carried out strictly according to the designing requirement, ecological restoration shall be timely undertaken in earth borrow pits and waste banks. When excavating the acquired cultivated land, the topsoil(30cm) shall be kept in order for use - 17 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment in reclaiming and compensating cultivated land. (9) Construction vehicles shall run on temporary roads, shall not run into farmlands and forestlands. (10) To reduce the quantity and size of construction site: Construction shall be carried out in designed construction site, earth borrow pits and waste banks shall not be enlarged at will so to reduce excavation surface. If construction can't be conducted at once, don't enter the construction site too early. (11) Each protection measure shall be implemented along with the main project in order to prevent pavement runoff in rainy season from directly eroding slope and leading to soil erosion. (12) Management of solid waste during construction stage Solid wastes shall not be thrown or spilled over along the route during transportation. Greasy dirt of construction machinery shall be treated collectively, solid wastes with greasy dirt can't be thrown casually on ground, rather they shall be collected and disposed. Construction campsite shall set up septic tank and dustbin, the contractor shall removed the garbage and clear up the septic tank on time. The boring mud from bridge construction shall be transported outside river district and piled in favorable terrain place. The waste mud piling shall be protected mainly by blocking and arresting; after the place is chosen, mud arresting dam shall be first built in downstream place of waste mud, drainage ditches shall be built in surrounding place according to water catchment, which connect with the original drainage system, then waste mud can be piled up. After waste mud piling, vegetation shall be restored as much as possible. The planning and the operational procedure of constructing shall be followed to strictly control and to reduce the remaining supplies. In case of remaining materials, they shall be preserved well in an orderly manner, and be kept properly as for use in repairing rural roads or buildings in surrounding area. Facilities, equipment and places that collect, store, transport and handle the solid wastes shall be strengthened in management and maintenance so as to guarantee their normal running and use. - 18 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment 3.1.3 Operation stage (1) According to road afforestation design requirement, it shall be done to continue the tree planting and grassing in slopes, median separators, interchanges and service areas of the proposed highway in order to achieve the purposes of restoring vegetation, protecting subgrade and reducing soil erosion. (2) For slopes, earth borrow pits and waste banks, detour roads, tunnel mouths where their vegetation is damaged, measures will be taken as soon as possible so to restore the vegetation. (3) In restoring vegetation, only local indigenous plants can be used, any exotic plant species are forbidden. (4) It is to further perfect each engineering measure, planting measure and land reclamation measure for water and soil conservation according to the designing requirements, to scientifically and rationally implement a three-dimensional plantation pattern combining grass, flower, bush and arbor. Especially for earth slopes, afforestation can be carried out in later construction stage in order to protect subgrade slope stability and reduce soil erosion. (5) Overflow culverts shall be cleared silt in time in order to ensure unobstructed irrigate river system. (6) Carrying out maintenance for protection works and afforestation project. (7) Solid waste management during operation stage Through formulating and propagating regulations, it is forbidden that passengers casually throw out garbage such as beverage bags, easy-open cans, etc. on the highway so as to ensure traffic safety and sanitation/hygiene along both sides of the highway. The sewage and garbage in serving areas and management stations will be cleared periodically, delivered to and disposed of collectively in garbage disposal grounds along the highway, casual throwing-away is forbidden. 3.2 Mitigation measures for water environmental impact 3.2.1 Design stage (1) To optimize and perfect the small bridge and culvert design; for each canal and pond occupied or cut off by the subgrade, remedial measures shall be taken by - 19 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment relocating them under the prerequisite of not compressing the water-discharge cross-section of original river and canal and not influencing the function of original canal and ditch. It shall also guarantee that new opening precedes relocating. (2) In the next design stage, full emphasis shall be paid to protect surface water body. During bridge substructure design, related regulations shall be followed to explicitly stipulate that the wastes such as boring slags shall not be discharged into surface water body directly; local water conservation and environmental protection departments and other concerned departments shall be consulted to reasonably locate the positions of borrow pits, boring slags shall be used as much as possible in paving subgrade so to prevent soil erosion from polluting farmland and river system. (3) When the route aligns along Gongjiang River terrace or bank slope, the designing shall consider river sluicing and bank slope undercutting's damage on subgrade, necessary measures shall be taken to strengthen the protection works for the subgrade close to river and to guarantee subgrade stability. Generally the road shoulder or toe of slope shall set up submersible retaining wall to prevent the river water undercut the toe of slope; the subgrade filler uses sand and cobble, the side slope of submersible retaining wall adopts solid slope protection. (4) During the engineering design stage, underground water distribution shall be verified; corresponding measures shall be taken to prevent the tunnel seepage causing the underground water level change. (5) The 12 service areas, parking lots, maintenance divisions and tollgate stations along the route shall be installed with small sewage disposal facilities according to their functions, number of employees and mobile population so as to discharge the sewage up to standard and ensure that the water quality of treated sewage can meet class criteria of GB8978-1996 Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standard(see table 5.2.1-1 ). The sewage treatment procedure is shown in Fig. 3.2.1-1. - 20 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment Life sewage Primary Contact oxidation sedimenting Catering Oil-separa Regulating ting Water outlet Disinfection Secondary sedimenting Fig.3.2.1-1 Sewagetreatmentprocedure diagraminservicearea (6) In order to prevent vehicles, especially hazardous articles vehicle from out of control and falling into rivers and reservoirs along the route causing water pollution, the 12 bridges(see table 3.2.1-1)crossing water bodies are required to have their guardrails strengthened and reinforced. Table 3.2.1-1 Bridges overcrossing water bodies of this project No Bridge name Overcrossed water body Stake No Length (m) 1 Jiubao River bridge Jiubao River K32+470 327 2 Xijiang River bridge Xijiang River K39+150 187 3 Shangba Gongjiang Gongjiang River K63+025 River viaduct 1407 4 Miaobei viaduct Shangxi River K94+315 487 5 Gaotan Gongjiang River Gongjiang River K100+424 bridge 497 6 Jiaolin Gongjiang River Gongjiang River K114+940 super-large bridge 1087 7 Chenwu Gongjiang Gongjiang River K119+220 River super-large bridge 1367 8 Ganjiang River Ganjiang River K135+491 super-large bridge 1337 9 Dongfeng reservoir Dongfeng reservoir K51+710 bridge 807 10 Jiuling reservoir bridge Jiuling reservoir K66+735 307 11 Maqimian viaduct Maqimian reservoir K85+593 367 12 Niugutang reservoir Niugutang reservoir K115+680 viaduct 127 (7) In order to prevent water pollution on rivers and reservoirs in case of occurring hazardous articles vehicle accident, the 12 bridges(see Table 3.2.1-1)crossing water bodies are required to set up facilities for collecting bridge floor runoff (setting up sedimenting tanks at the two ends of bridge) so to prevent the runoff entering directly into water bodies. The capacity of drainage pipe and sedimenting tank - 21 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment shall be designed according to the runoff volume produced from one rainfall's slicing(15 minutes)with the raining strength being the largest rainfall in 5 years in that region plus 50%. 3.2.2 Construction stage (1) Prevention and control measures for construction waste water pollution The project contract will clearly specify provisions for preventing sprinkle and leakage during transportation of roadbuilding materials (for example asphalt, fuel oil, chemical, pulverized coalash, cement, sand, and stone), their piling locations shall not be near water body or breeding pond in order to avoid being washed by rain water into water body, causing pollution. Deleterious construction materials such as asphalt, fuel oils, and chemical substances shall be covered when piled in yard so to reduce pollution caused by rain wash. Within 100m from river bank, it is prohibited to set up stock grounds (materials yard), waste bank, and construction campsite. Construction waste water cannot be discharged into rivers and reservoirs directly. The construction waste water shall be circulated and recycled as much as possible so as to effectively control the construction waste water's pollution on local water quality due to its discharge with exceeded standard. (2) Control measures for oil-containing wastewater Oil-containing wastewater shall be controlled by adopting controlled construction process and clean production plan. Advanced equipment and machinery shall be selected as much as possible so to effectively reduce the quantity of oil leakage, bleeding, drop and spillage, and machinery repair times, thus reducing the production quantity of oil-containing wastewater. During construction process involving inevitable oil leakage, bleeding, drop and spillage, solid oil-absorption materials shall be used as many as possible (for example cotton yarn, saw dust and so on) to collect the oil and transform them into solid substance thus avoiding producing excessive oil-containing waste water. For oil dirts that are seeped into the ground, they shall be scraped promptly for collection and sealing, and shall be hauled to garbage ground for processing. Repair and maintenance of machinery, equipment and transportation vehicles - 22 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment shall be conducted in the repair zone of various road section as much as possible to facilitate collection of oil-containing waste; in case that concentrated repair cannot be made, because the production quantity of oil-containing wastewater is generally smaller than 0.5m3/d, then all can be absorbed by solid oil-absorption materials for collection, sealing and delivery to outside. In construction site and machinery repair ground, horizontal flow precipitation pool shall be set up, the oil-containing waste water is collected by the precipitation pool, after simple treatments such as acid and alkali neutralization, precipitation, oil separating and dreg removing, the concentrations of oil and other pollutants will reduce. After construction, the precipitation pool will be buried by earth. Collected oil-soaking waste shall be packaged, sealed and hauled to outside along with other solid wastes produced from construction site, the destination of hauling shall select towns with garbage burying or treatment ability. (3) Control measures for life sewage Dining and laundry of construction workers will be managed in a unified way such as concentrated dining and laundry in fixed place and time so to reduce life sewage production volume as much as possible. During laundry, the detergent amount shall be controlled, hot water or other means can be substituted for so to reduce the detergent content in sewage. Septic tanks will be set up in construction campsites so to collect excrement and dining/laundry sewage, the excrement can be used for fertilizing the soil, the dining/laundry sewage can be used in agricultural irrigation after being precipitated. After construction, septic tanks will be buried by earth. The capacity and model design for septic tanks shall follow the specifications of the national construction standard design 02S701Brick Septic Tank and 03S702Steel Reinforced Concrete Septic Tank. Domestic will be loaded into garbage can, which will be cleaned and hauled out periodically, or a garbage pit can be set up to composting them so to be used in fertilizing the soil. After construction, the garbage pit will be buried by earth, if surface vegetation is damaged, vegetation shall be restored. (4) Protection measures for bridge construction - 23 -  Word Bank Loan jiangxi Project No.3 environmental Assessment For bridge foundation and pile locating in river course and reservoir, its boring dregs from foundation excavation shall not be discharged into water body directly, the boring dregs must be transported to nearby planned waste bank. During construction, the bridge construction site shall set up simple sedimentation pool in which the boring dregs and mud are precipitated and dried, then hauled to the waste bank. For other bridges crossing canals, the bridge pile foundation construction shall be conducted in dry season as much as possible, and shall avoid construction in flood season and high water period, the earth and stone works excavated from foundation and pile construction shall be used as much as possible, those that cannot be used will be hauled to nearby waste bank. During bridge construction, maintenance and repair of construction machinery shall be well conducted so to prevent the fuel oil from leaking and polluting the water body. (5) Protection measures for tunnel construction Tunnel construction will produce large volume of waste water, the main pollutants are suspended substance, remained blasting explosive, petroleum and so on. The following techniques shall be adopted for this project so to effectively control water pollution question during tunnel construction period. Tunnel drainage Grid Oil separating Evaporation Construction pool drainage (6) Protection measures for road section construction along Gongjiang River In road section along Gongjiang River, the subgrade edge will be pitched by woven bags packed with earth for temporary arresting and retaining so to prevent the earth and stone from falling into water body. The woven bag's cross-sectional form is 1m