WORLD HEALTH ORGANI ZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANT~
REGIONAL OFFICE FOR
THE WESTERN PACIFIC
BUREAU R~GIONAL DU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL
REGIONAL COMMI'l'IEE
WPR/RC26/5 16 J\Ule 1975 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TWenty-sixth session Manila 1-6 September 1975 Provisional agenda item 11
RESOW'I![ONS OF REGIONAL IN'lEREST ADOP'lED BY THE 'lWENTYEIGHTH WORID HEALTH ASSEMBLY AND THE EXECU'I![VE BOARD AT I'lB FIFTY-FIFTH AND FIFTY-SIXTH SESSIONS
following resolutions of the World Health Assembly and the Executive Board are submitted for the attention of the Committee: ~e
1.
Organizational study on the interrelationships between the central technical services of WHO and programmes of direct assistance to Member states (resolutions EB55.R26 and WHA28.30) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph three of resolution WHA28.30.
2.
Coordination with the United Nations system - general matters (resolutions EB55.R56 and WHA28.40) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph two of resolutionWHA28.40.
3.
WHO activities in regard to the development of methods of controlling the tropical parasitio diseases (resolution WHA28.51) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph one.
4. 5. 6.
Schistosomiasis (resolutions EB55.R22 and WHA28.53) Prevention of blindness (resolution WHA28.54) Mycotio diseases (resolution WHA28.55) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph one.
7;
Leprosy control (resolution WHA28.56)
wpR/RC26/5 page 2
8.
Mental retardation (resolution WHA28.57) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph one.
9.
Control of sexually transmitted diseases (reSOlution WHA28.SS) Attention is drawn to operative paragraphs one and two.
10. Rheumatic diseases (resolution WHA28.59) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph two.
11. Fluoridation and dental health (resolution WHA28.64) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph three. 12.
Utilization and supply of human blood and blood products (resolution WHA28.72) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph two.
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13. S cia1 assistance to Cambodia the Democratic Be bl1c of Viet-Ham and the Republic of South Viet-Ham (resolution WHA2 .79 Attention is drawn to operative paragraphs one. two. three. five and six.
14.
The need for laboratory animals for the control of biological products and the establishment of breeding colonies (resolution
WHA28.83) Attention is drawn to operative paragraph one. 15. Development of the antimalaria programme (resolutions EB55.R36 and WHA28. 87) Attention is drawn to operative paragraphs one, two and three of resolution WHA28.87. The Committee is requested to give special attention to the malaria situation in the Region and make recommendations regarding the orientation of antimalaria programmes in the regional framework. 16. ~
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Promotion of national health services (resolutiOns EB55.Rl and WHA2 •
to primar
health
Attention is drawn to operative paragraph two of resolution WHA28.88 and to document WPR/RC26/5 Add .1. 17. Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion (resolution EB56.Rl2) Attention is drawn to operative paragraphs two and three.
Fifty-fifth Session
EB55.R26 28 January 1975
ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY ON THE "INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL TECHNICAL SERVICES OF WHO AND PROGRAMMES OF DIRECT ASSISTANCE TO MEMBER STATES"
The Executive Board, Recalling resolution, WHA26.36 by which the Health Assembly requested the Executive Board to carry out an organizational study on the interrelationships between the central technical services of WHO and programmes of direct assistance to Member States, 1. THANKS the Working Group (Dr Chen Hai-feng, Dr S. P. Ehrlich, jr, Dr R. Lekie, Dr N. Ramzi, Professor Julie Sulianti Saroso, Dr C. N. D. Taylor and Professor J. Tigyi) which prepared the Organizational Study; 2. TRANSMITS its study to the Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly;
3. DRAWS the attention of the Assembly to its findings, conclusi'ons and recommendations, and in particular to the necessity of an integrated approach to the development of the Organization's programmes, all programme activities at all levels being mutually supportive and parts of a whole; 4. INVITES the regional committees to take full account of the implications of the study for regional programmes; 5. DECIDES to take the conclusions and recommendations of the study into account in its preparation of the Sixth General Programme of Work covering a specific period; and 6. REQUESTS the Director-General to apply the conclusions and recommendations in the formulation and implementation of future programmes of the Organization.
Sixteenth meeting, 28 January 1975 EB55/SR/16
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.30 28 May 1975
ORGANIZATIONAL SWDY ON THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS BE'lW.EEN THE CENTRAL TECHNICAL SERVICES OF WHO AND PROGRAMMES OF DIRECT ASSISTANCE TO MEMBER STATES The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly Having examined the report of the Executive Board on the Organizational Study on the Interrelationships between the Central Technical Services of WHO and Programmes of Direct Assistance to Member States; Recalling resolutions EB5l.R40, EB5l.R54, EB53.R44, EB55.R26, WHA26.36 and WHA27.l8, 1. CONGRAWLATES the Executive Board for its study on the Interrelationships between the Central Technical Services of WHO and Programmes of Direct Assistance to Member States; 2. NOTES with appreciation its findings, conclusions and recommendations, and in particular the necessity of an integrated approach to the development of the Organization's programmes, all programme activities at all levels being mutually supportive and parts of a whole; 3. STRESSES the importance of programme planning being viewed as a joint endeavour in which national authorities, WHO representatives, Regional Committees, regional offices, the Executive Board, the World Health Assembly and WHO headquarters should all be involved; 4. URGES that the Organization's mechanism for the allocation and reallocation of resources, not only within programmes and regions, but also between programmes and regions, should comply with the principle of responding to integrated programme planning; and 5. REQUESTS the Director-General to apply the conclusions and recommendations in the formulation and implementation of future programmes of the Organization.
Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
Fifty-fifth Session
EB55.R56 31 January 1975
COORDINATION WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS: General matters
UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM
The Executive Board, Having considered the report of the Director-General on coordination with other organizations of the United Nations system,l 1. NOTES the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council relevant to the work of the Organization, and the action so far undertaken by the Director-General in their implementation; 2. SUPPORTS the continuing efforts of the Director-General in collaborating fully with the other organizations of the United Nations system to develop, within the framework of the InterOrganization Board for Information Systems and Related Activities, common concepts and approaches for the elaboration of information systems; 3. WELCOMES the initiatives of the Director-General to ensure the full involvement of the Organizatlon in the Programme for International Women' s Year, the studies related to institutional arrangements for science and technology and the preparations for the proposed Second United Nations Conference on Science and Technology; 4. REQUESTS the Director-General to continue full cooperation with the United Nations and the other organizations of the United Nations system, bearing in mind the views expressed by the Executive Board.
Twenty-third meeting, 31 January 1975 EB55/SR/22
1 Document EB55/39 and addenda 1-3.
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.40 28 May 1975
COORDINATION WITH THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM GENERAL MATTERS
Tasks of WHO in connexion with International Women's Year The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Considering that the present year has been proclaimed International Women's Year by the Twenty-seventh Session of the United Nations General Assembly and is being observed as such under the slogan "Attainment of equal rights for women and full integration of women into political, economic, social and cultural life so that they can make an active contribution to the further development of friendship between the peoples of all countries and to the strengthening of peace"; Noting that the goals established by International Women's Year, including the granting to women of equal rights, opportunities and responsibilities with men, are closely bound up with the protection and improvement of women's health and with the development of social and medical services and maternal and child care; Recalling resolutions WHAl.43 and EB55.R56 and other WHO decisions aimed at the active implementation of projects concerning medical care for women and children and also the participation of WHO in International Women's Year; Emphasizing the supreme importance of protecting the health of women and children, who embody the future of every country and of all mankind, as is noted in resolution WHA23.6l; Emphasizing the ever more important role of women in medicine, in the work of the public health bodies and institutions of the Member States of WHO, 1. COMMENDS the Director-General and the Secretariat for the preparation and distribution of the January 1975 issue of World Health; 2. URGES governments: (a) to widen the range of opportunities for women in all facets of social and economic life as they relate to health and including training opportunities so that women may have the potential to participate fully as partners for progress; (b) to assure the further integration of women in health activities, by undertaking short-term and long-term measures, based on national reviews of the major obstacles and constraints in the employment and participation of women; (c) to nominate women at an increasing rate for WHO fellowships for training abroad so that fellowships are shared more equally; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to arrange for active participation by WHO representatives in the International Conference and the main activities conducted by the United Nations under the programme for International Women's Year;
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WHA28.40 page 2 (b) to draw up recommendations for consequent action by WHO and its Kember States in the interests of the development of medical and social programmes and adequate maternal and child health, population and other services; (c) to consider women on an equal basis with men for positions in WHO at headquarters and in the regions, and to make a concerted effort to increase the number of women in professional positions and especially in positions of policy determination; (d) to assist Member States, upon request, in preparing national strategies, programmes and projects in WHO's field of competence for the partiCipation of women in the economic, social and cultural life of their countries directed toward the achievement of maximum human potential; 4. RECOMMENDS that in WHO's current activities and in the establishment of the Organization's sixth general programme of work particular attention be paid to the problem of protecting the health of mothers and children and of working women; 5. REQUESTS the Director-General to report to the fifty-seventh session of the Executive Board and Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly, the results of WHO's participation in International Women's Year and its planned activities as well as progress in implementing this resolution as well as the decisions of the Conference and their implications for WHO.
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Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.51 28 May 1975
WHO ACTIVITIES IN REGARD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF CONTROLLING THE TROPICAL PARASITIC DISEASES The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly,
Drawing the attention of Member States once more to one of the most urgent public health problems in the developing countries today - the tropical parasitic diseases, and particularly onchocerciasis, filariasis, schistosomiasis and trypanosomiasis, which cause great damage to the people's health and retard social and economic progress in most of the developing countries;
Noting the steps taken by the Organization in accordance with resolution WHA27.52 to intenSify research programmes on tropical parasitic diseases, as described in the DirectorGeneral's report on the work of WHO in 1974;
Considering it necessary to give priority attention to the development of recommendations and methods for these programmes for the control of the most important tropical parasitic diseases and primarily the programmes for the control of onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, etc. which are being already carried out or are at the active planning stage, using to this end all the experience accumulated by the Member States; Welcoming the WHO biomedical research effort in this field,
1. URGES Member States, research and practical establishments and medical scientists working on aspects of tropical pathology to intensify their efforts to develop effective, safe and practicable means of controlling tropical parasitic diseases; and 2. REQUESTS the Director-General to undertake the measures needed to improve the system of coordinating the various programmes for the control of the tropical parasitic diseases and also the methods of carrying out these programmes and to pay special attention to these aspects in the report he is to make to the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly under the terms of resolution WHA27.52.
Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/l2
Fifty-fifth Session
EB55.R22 27 January 1975
REVIEW OF THE PROPOSED PROGRAMME BUDGET FOR 1976 AND 1977 Schistosomiasis
The Executive Board Recalling resolution EB5.R5 on schistosomiasis; Noting that the disease remains largely uncontrolled and that its prevalence is increasing; and that development projects undertaken without consideration being given to preventive health measures may contribute to this increase; 1. REQUESTS the Director-General to initiate an analysis of existing control measures with the intention of establishing guidelines to the different strategies which may be required for .control operations on a global basis, with due consideration given to the cost-effectiveness of alternative tactical approaches, including preventive measures in the planning of water and land-use development projects; 2. REQUESTS further that the Director-General seek the cooperation of Member governments, other international organizations and appropriate resource institutions in supporting the coordinating role of WHO in the development of research and strategies to control schistosomiasis; and 3. REQUESTS the Director-General to report on this matter to the Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly.
Fifteenth meeting, 27 January 1975 EB55/SR/15
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.53 28 May 1975 SCHISTOSOMIASIS
The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Recalling resolutions EB5.R5 and EB55.R22 on schistosomiasis; Noting that the disease remains largely uncontrolled and that its prevalence is increasing; and that water development projects designed to improve needed agricultural production and to improve needed economic conditions undertaken without consideration given to preventive health measures may contribute to this increase; Noting the increasing evidence of the possible occurrence of serious complications and sequelae as a result of schistosomiasis infection; Noting further that the World Food Conference emphasized the need for greatly increased food production and noted that meeting nutritional and other requirements of the world's expanding population will require more projects to impound water and irrigate fields; Expressing the view that proper engineering design of water management projects can have ,considerable importance in limiting the spread of schistosomiasis among populations affected by such projects; Noting the inclusion of schistosomiasis within the coordinated biomedical research programme of the Organization; Recognizing that effective planning for, and operation of, schistosomiasis control activities requires close cooperation and coordination among agencies Within the United Nations system, the international financial community and ministries within national governments under the leadership of the World Health Organization; Expressing appreciation for the report of the Director-General which outlines the compleXity of the problems involved to prove the feasibility of schistosomiasis control; Looking forward to the important international meeting on schistosomiasis which is scheduled to be held in Cairo in October 1975; and Recognizing the very high costs of implementation of control programmes using present available methods, REQUESTS the Director-General: (1) to prepare and keep guidelines current on the development of water management projects including engineering specifications, to minimize the possibility of the spread of schistosomiasis and other water borne disease in water management projects; (2) to advise countries and donor organizations on the application of guidelines on water development, including hydro-electric, projects planned, under construction, or completed; (3) to request members to make available information on schistosomiasis control programmes underway or carried out in their countries, including details of research work, manpower development programmes, costs, etc.;
WHA28.53 page 2
(4) to seek extra-budgetary support and assistance from various sources within the United Nations system and international and private agencies in order to provide assistance (a) to govermnentsin planning and carrying out studies of the epidemiology of the disease, the cost effectiveness of alternative methods of control and its social and economic impact, (b) to govermnents in the preparation and implementation of control programmes,
(5) to stimulate increased efforts in research in drug development, chemotherapy, epidemiology, control including methodologies for self-help, and immunological aspects of schistosomiasis;
(6) to draw the attention of Member States where the disease is not endemic to the desirability of organizing epidemiological surveillance within health services; and
(7)
to report on this matter to the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly.
-Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/l2
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.54 28 May 1975
PREVENTION OF BLINDNESS The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Recognizing the great human suffering and the financial burden caused by blindness and the fact that a large part of such blindness could be prevented or cured; Taking into account the resolutions on prevention of blindness adopted by previous World Health Assemblies (WHA22.29 and WHA25.55) and the report of the Study Groupl convened by WHO in 1972, as well as the adoption of "Foresight prevents blindness" as the theme for World Health Day in 1976; and Recognizing the potential contribution of governmental and non-governmental organizations 1. EXPRESSES its appreciation of the work already undertaken in this connexion by WHO, especially with regard to some major causes of blindness, such as onchocerciasis, trachoma and others; 2. REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to continue these efforts;
(b) to encourage member countries to develop national programmes for the prevention of blindness especially aimed at the control of trachoma, xerophthalmia, onchocerciasis and other causes and to introduce adequate measures for the early detection and treatment of other potentially blinding conditions such as cataract and glaucoma; (c) to encourage national and international non-governmental organizations to mobilize financial and other resources for the implementation of this programme; and
(d) to report to the World Health Assembly on developments in the control of blindness in general and of onchocerciasis, trachoma and xerophthalmia in particular.
Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
1 Technical Report Series No. 518 (1973).
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.55 28 May 1975 MYCOTIC DISEASES
The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Having examined the programme budget submitted by the Director-General for the financial years 1976 and 1977; Noting with satisfaction the important place given in this programme budget to the control of communicable diseases in general; Considering that superficial and internal mycotic infections are extremely widespread both in industrial and developing countries, and that they amount to an important medicosocial problem, 1. INVITES the health authorities of Member States to give mycotic infections the attention warranted by their prevalence and medico-social importance;
2. REQUESTS the Director-General to provide assistance within the Organization's programme to epidemiological studies on superficial and internal mycotic infections and to provide Member States with appropriate technical advice on their control; and 3. REQUESTS the Director-General to report to the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly on the public health importance of mycotic diseases in WHO Member States.
Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.56 28 May 1975
LEPROSY CONtROL The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Recalling resolutions WHAS.28 and WHA27.58 , and ~
Noting that leprosy control measures can reduce substantially the prevalence of leprosy when undertaken with sustained effort for a sufficiently long pe~iod, 1. RECOMMENDS that: (a) intensive case-detection be carried out to ensure early diagnosis particularly in children; (b) infectious cases be identified, and when possible be submitted initially to closely supervised treatment to minimize infectiousness and thus the spread of disease; 2. EMPHASIZES the need for health services to integrate leprosy control as a regular continuing activity; and 3. REQUESTS the Director-General to lay greater stress on the training of multidisciplinary staff to improve levels of competence in leprosy control.
Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May·1975 A28/VR/l2
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.57 28 May 1975 MENTAL RETARDATION
The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Taking into account the world-wide problem of mental retardation; Recalling resolution 2856 (XXVI) of the United Nations General Assembly on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, and document E/CN.5/472 prepared by the World Health Organization in preparation for that resolution; Considering that the World Health. Organization should in the future devote a significant proportion of its attention and resources to this problem; and Bearing in mind that (i) according to presently available knowledge, mental retardation can affect up to 3% of a population; (ii) methods are already available for preventing some types of mental retardation especially in children; and (iii) techniques are available for overcoming or minimizing existing handicaps in many instances to an extent where the individual may become self-supporting, 1.
URGES Member States: (a) to sponsor and encourage epidemiological, psychosocial and biological research on mental retardation; (b) in the field of disability prevention, to sponsor carefully controlled studies concerned with applying existing knowledge and techniques and evaluating new methods in varied development and cultural contexts; and
2. REQUESTS the Director-General, in collaboration with the United Nations and its specialized agencies, (a) to assist in the development of community care for the mentally retarded as part of a comprehensive disability prevention and rehabilitation programme through training programmes, provision of fellowships and encouragement of international exchange of personnel working in this field; (b) to encourage the preparation of international guidelines for the training of persons concerned with the care and development of the mentally retarded and for the organization of relevant services; and (c) to report on progress in these activities to the Thirtieth World Health Assembly. Twelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.58 28 May 1975
CONTROL OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Noting that sexually transmitted diseases, in particular syphilis and gonorrhoea, are still far from being controlled and that the severe complications they cause, if not adequately treated, have serious individual, community, social and economic consequences; -Noting that a better approach to this public health problem-requires coordinated and multidisciplinary action, medical as well as informative, educative and social; 1. INVITES Member States to collect, disseminate and communicate to WHO epidemiological, statistical,and operational information for the control of the sexually transmitted diseases; 2. REQUESTS governments _to consider the need: (a) to make optimal use of existing services and health structures to strengthen the control of sexually transmitted diseases; (b) to encourage the appropriate training in this field of medical personnel and other health workers at all levels and the further traini-ng of existing personnel; (c) to promote information and health education to all concerned in order to develop the sense of responsibility and respect for the integrity of all human beings; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to provide Member States with the advice and assistance necessary for a fuller appreciation of the public health aspects of sexually transmitted diseases; (b) to encourage the holding of international, regional or national seminars, with WHO partiCipation, for the exchange of information and further education of personnel and researchers; (c) to establish and keep up to date guidelines for the organization of control activities, including technical specifications; (d) to try to obtain from various sources within the United Nations system, as well as from nongovernmental and private organizations, budgetary resources with a view: (i) to providing assistance to governments in planning and conducting studies and research on sexually transmitted diseases, their epidemiology, clinical study, diagnosiS, treatment and prevention and on methods for their control; (ii) to provide assistance, if requested, to governments already conducting control programmes; and (e) to report on this subject to the World Health Assembly. TWelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.59 28 May 1975 RHEUMATIC DISEASES
The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Considering that rheumatic diseases are one of the concerns of the WHO programme for the development of biomedical research because of the long-term disablement they involve and their psychological, social and economic repercussions; Recalling resolutions WHA1.15, WHA3.29, EB8.R36andEB29.R20; which underline the importance of the problem; Considering the efforts made by the International League against Rheumatism in the field of research, education and public information and noting its proposal to make 1977 the year of the rheumatic patient, RECOMMENDS that WHO continue its cooperation with national and international programmes for the control of rheumatic diseases, and particularly the programmes of the International League against Rheumatism, with a view to intensifying research on the epidemio19gy, etiopathogenesis, prevention and- treatment of the rheumatic diseases as well as rehabilitation of those who suffer from them; 1.
2. INVITES Member States to encourage programmes of research, prevention, early detection, treatment, rehabilitation and social welfare in regard to rheumatic diseases as well as information campaigns dealing with those diseases; and 3. REQUESTS the Director-General: Ca) to assist Member States with their programmes; and
(b) to report to the TWenty-ninth World Health Assembly on the progress made in this field.
TWelfth plenary meeting, 28 May 1975 A28/VR/12
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
~28.64
29 May 1975
FLUORIDATION AND DENTAL HEALTH The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Having considered the Director-General's report, presented in accordance with resolution EB53.R30, on the promotion of the fluoridation of community water supplies and other approved methods for the prevention of dental caries and on the support of research on the etiology and prevention of dental caries; Agreeing upon the growing world-wide importance of the prevention of dental caries as related to changing nutritional patterns, especially the increased intake of refined carbohydrates; Noting that no nation can expect to solve the problem of dental caries solely by the provision of curative dental services; Considering that sufficient information on the safety and effectiveness of the use of fluorides as a method to prevent dental caries has already been obtained; Noting that, while optimization of the fluoride content of water supplies remains the most effective known means of preventing dental caries, other systems of securing some of the benefits of fluoride protection in areas where the fluoride content of drinking water is insufficient, and fluoridation is not feaSible have been developed and/or tested since the Twenty-second World Health Assembly; Bearing in mind that the World Health Organization assists Member States in the prov~s~on of safe water supplies, it is important that in these programmes dental health aspects should be conSidered; and Noting that many Member States are not yet fully exploiting either water fluoridation or other fluoride systems in organized caries prevention programmes, 1. 2. THANKS the Director-General for his report; RECOMMENDS that the World Health Organization: (a) undertake the programme proposed by the Director-General;
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(b) promote approved methods for the prevention of dental caries especially by optimization of the fluoride content of water supplies; and (c) assist Member States in the planning and implementation of national caries prevention programmes. 3. ~LLS UPON Member States to consider as a matter of immediate importance the development of programmes for dental caries prevention within national health programmes; and
WHA28.64 page 2 4. REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to endeavour to obtain financial support from budgetary and non-budgetary sources for this programme; _ and (b) to report periodically to the World Health Assembly on the progress of the programme, with particular reference to the effects on populations of programmes of dental caries prevention.
Thirteenth plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28/VR/13
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.72 29 May 1975
UTILIZATION AND SUPPLY OF HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Conscious of the increasing use of blood and blood products; Having considered the information provided by the Director-General on Utilization and Supply of Human Blood and Blood Products; Bearing in mind resolution XVIII of the XXII International Conference of the Red Cross; Noting the extensive and increaSing activities of private firms in trying to establish commercial blood collection and plasmapheresis projects in developing countries; Expressing serious concern that such activities may interfere with efforts to establish efficient national blood transfusion services based on voluntary non-remunerated donations; Being aware of the higher risk of transmitting diseases when blood products have been obtained from paid rather than from voluntary donors, and of the harmful consequences to the health of donors of too frequent blood donations (one of the causes being remuneration), 1. THANKS the Director-General for the actions taken to study the problems related to commercial plasmapheresis in developing countries; 2. URGES Member States (a) (b) to promote the develOpment of national blood services based on voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood; to enact effective legislation governing the operation of blood services and to take other actions necessary to protect and promote the health of blood donors and of recipients of blood and blood products;
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3.
REQUESTS the Director-General (a) to increase assistance to Member States in the development of national blood services based on voluntary donations, when appropriate in collaboration with the League of Red Cross Societies; to assist in establishing cooperation between countries to secure adequate supply of blood and blood products based on voluntary donations; to further study the practice of commercial plasmapheresis including the health hazards and ethical implications, particularly in developing countries; to take steps to develop good manufacturing practices specifically for blood and blood components in order to protect the health of both donors and reCipients; and to report to the World Health Assembly on developments in these matters.
(b) (c) (d) (e)
Thirteen'th plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28/VR/13
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TWENTY-EIGHTIl WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.79 29 May 19}5
SPECIAL ASSISTANCE TO CAMBODIA, TIlE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIET-NAM AND TIlE REPUBLIC OF SOUTIl VIET-NAM The TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Meeting at a time when all peace-loving nations celebrate the end of the wars in Cambodia, in the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and in the Republic of South Viet-Nam; ~
Aware of the immense human and material losses which the peoples of Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and the Republic of South Viet-Nam have suffered in their heroic struggle for national independence and freedom; Deeply concerned with the enormous health problems which the thirty-year war in the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and in the Republic of South Viet-Nam, and the war in Cambodia have created; Witnessing the worldwide movement from the common man, and benevolent national and international organizations to governments of the world to help the peoples in Cambodia, in the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and in the Republic of South Viet-Nam to heal their wounds and to reconstruct their devastated countries; Welcoming the United Nations preparation for a large-scale assistance action in Cambodia, in the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and in the Republic of South Viet-Nam; Considering that the World Health Organization, in pursuance of its objective of the attainment of all peoples of the highest possible level of health, should be in the forefront of such action and should, to the maximum possible extent, mobilize resources to assist the Governments of Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and the Republic of South Viet-Nam in tackling their immediate and long-term health problems,
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1. RESOLVES that WHO should fully participate in the overall United Nations programme for a large-scale assistance action in Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam and the Republic of South Viet-Nam; 2. DECIDES that WHO should in this framework endeavour immediately to meet the express needs of the countries concerned with regard to: (a) technical assistance in public health as well as in medical areas, as necessary;
(b) operational assistance in the form of medical specialists and other medical personnel to be placed at the disposal of governments concerned; (c) technical and operational staff for short- and long-term rehabilitation work;
(d) medicaments and other medical supplies needed for the prevention and control of communicable diseases as well as for the treatment of the sick mutilated population; 3. FURTHER DECIDES that all forms of assistance should be provided in the most expeditious and flexible way through simplified procedures Without obligations for and the impositions of financial participation of the government concerned;
WHA28.79 page 2 4. AUTHORIZES the Director-General to finance expanded and special assistance programmes for these countries from any source of funds available to the Organization, including the resources accumulated in the Special Account for Disasters and Natural Catastrophes under the Voluntary Fund for Health Promoti9n, funds available in the Director-General's development programme, possible savings and, as necessary, the Executive Board Special Fund;
5. INVITES the Director-General to pursue all possible efforts to enlist support from governmental and nongovernmental sources for this operation;
6. APPEALS to all Member States to make voluntary contributions to the programme of the UN family for large scale assistance for this exceptional operation; and 7. REQUESTS the Director-General to report to the fifty-seventh session of the Executive Board and the TWenty-ninth World Health Assembly on measures taken and assistance provided to these countries.
Thirteenth plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28/VR/13
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.83 29 May 1975
THE NEED FOR LABORATORY ANIMALS FOR THE CONTROL OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BREEDING COLONIES The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Taking into account the increasing use of experimental animals, particularly non-human primates (simians) in biomedical research, in vaccine production and in the safety controls for therapeutic substances in current use, pending the development of better alternative methods, Recognizing instances where the inappropriate use of simians has led to the severe limitation of the supply of simians for legitimate scientific purposes, 1. URGES Member States: (a) to review the practices of research institutions and pharmaceutical concerns in their use of simians; (b) to establish guidelines for the use of simians to ensure their economic use;
(c) to request their health administrations to explain to other branches of government the significance to human health of the use of Simians; (d) to cooperate with other states in assuring the immediate and long-term availability of simians for legitimate health needs; (e) where appropriate to make available the simians necessary for the establishment of breeding colonies; 2.
REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to assist in developing international guidelines for the use of simians in human health programmes; (b) to advise on methods of limiting the unnecessary international trade in simians, which frequently carry unsuspected diseases dangerous to humans; and (c) to review the situation and report to the Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly.
Thirteenth plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28/VR/13
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Fifty-fifth Session
EB55.R36 29 January 1975
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ANTlMALARIA PROGRAMME The Executive Board, Recalling resolution WHA27.51; Having considered the Director-General's report on the development of the antimalaria programme; Recognizing that the deteriorating epidemiological situation in many parts of the world may reverse the results already obtained in the antimalaria programme unless immediate measures are undertaken to correct that situation; Considering that it is incumbent upon the Organization to promote the necessary action and coordination of efforts in that domain, 1. NOTES the report of the Director-General on the development of the antimalaria programme and concurs with the recommendations contained therein; 2. REQUESTS the Director-General to up-date his report on the basis of further information which might become available, taking into account the discussion at the fifty-fifth session of the Executive Board and to sub!!li t i t to the Twenty-eighth World Health Ascsembly; 3. INVITES the Assembly's attention to the Board's own comments and recommendations contained in the Board's report on the programme budget for 1976/1977; and 4. RECOMMENDS to the Assembly the adoption of the following resolution: "The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Recalling its resolution WHA27.51, Having considered the Director-General's report on the development of the antimalaria programme and the views expressed on the subject by the Executive Board at its fifty-fifth session, Recognizing the grave consequences of the deteriorating epidemiological situation in a number of countries carrying out antimalaria programmes, Conscious of the urgent need for the Organization to take active steps particularly to contain the present recrudescence of malaria in many parts of the world; Realizing with concern the serious difficulties, especially the shortage of insecticides and the increasing cost of supplies, transport and services the Governments have to face to maintain the required degree of efficiency of antimalarial operations;
RB55.R36 page 2 Further realizing that resources from the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion Malaria Special Account are no longer available at the level at which the necessary assistance could be provided to Member States; Noting with satisfaction the decision of the Board to establish an ad hoc Committee of its Members to give close attention to the matter in cooperation with the Secretariat, 1. URGES the Governments to re-examine their health priorities with due regard to the malaria situation and the potential spread of the disease in their countries and to mobilize the national resources required to ensure continuous support to the implementation of their antimalaria programmes; 2. INVITES the Regional Committees at their forthcoming sessions to give special attention to the malaria situation in the Regions and make recommendations regarding the orientation of antimalaria programmes in regional frameworks; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General,
Taking into account the considerations of the ad hoc Committee on Malaria established by the Executive Board, (a) to assist Member States in the planning, evaluation and implementation of antimalaria programmes according to the particular situation, needs and resources of each country; (b) to carry out a thorough review of the present position regarding the development and production of antimalarials and insecticides, with a view to ensuring the timely availability of these essential tools, at accessible costs, for national antimalaria programmes; and (c) to inform all international institutions having an interest in the problem of the present situation in order to secure their cooperation in a renewed attack on the disease; 4. URGES countries with available resources to contribute further to the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion - Malaria Special Account either in money or in kind or to provide assistance through bilateral agreements within the framework of agreed programmes and plans of actions; 5. REQUESTS the Executive Board to continue to give close attention to the development of the antimalaria programme on a global basis and to report as appropriate to the World Health Assembly."
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Nineteenth meeting, 29 .January 1975 EB55/srr/l9
TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.87
29 May 1975 DEVELOPMENT OF THE ANTIMALARIA PROGRAMME
The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Recalling resolution WHA27.5l: Having considered the Director-General's report on the development of the antimalaria programme and the views expressed on the subject by the Executive Board at its fifty-fifth session: Recognizing the grave consequences, especially for children, of the deteriorating epidemiological situation in a number of countries carrying out antimalaria programmes: Conscious of the urgent need for the Organization to take active steps particularly to contain the present recrudescence of malaria in many parts of the world; Realizing with concern the serious difficulties, especially the shortage of insecticides, antimalarial drugs and equipment and the increasing cost of supplies, transport and services the governments have to face to maintain the required degree of efficiency of antima1aria operations; Further realizing that resources from the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion - malaria special account - are no longer available at the level at which the necessary assistance could be provided to Member States; Noting with satisfaction the decision of the Board to establish an ad hoc committee of its members to give close attention to the matter in cooperation with the Secretariat, 1. URGES the governments to re-examine their health priorities with due regard to the malaria situation and the potential spread of the disease in their countries and to mobilize the national resources required to ensure continuous support to the implementation of their antima1aria programmes; 2. INVITES the regional committees at their forthcoming sessions to give special attention to the malaria si,tuation in the regions and make recommendations regarding the orientation of antimalaria programmes in regional frameworks; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General, taking into account the considerations of the ad hoc Committee on Malaria established by the Executive Board: (1) to assist Member States in the planning, evaluation and implementation of antimalaria programmes according to the particular situation, needs and resources of each country; (2) to carry out a thorough review of the present position regarding the development and production of antimalarials and insecticides, with a view to ensuring the timely availability of these essential tools, at accessible costs, for national antimalaria programmes; and
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WHA28.87
page 2 (3) to inform, with a view to securing their cooperation, all international institutions and organizations, particularly UNICEF, as well as bilateral agencies of the deterioration in the epidemiological situation with regard to malaria, caused primarily by the difficulties countries are encountering in securing insecticides; antimalarial drugs, equipment and transport and the urgent need for greater assistance for antimalaria programmes; 4. URGES countries with available resources to contribute further to the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion - malaria special account - either in money or in kind or to provide assistance through bilateral agreements within the framework of agreed programmes and plans of actions;
5. REQUESTS the Executive Board to continue to give close attention to the development of the antimalaria programme on a global basis and to report as appropriate to the World Health Assembly.
Thirteenth plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28!VR!13
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Fifty-fifth Session
EB55.Rl6 27 January 1975
PROMOTION OF NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES
The Executive Board, Having considered the report of the Director-General on Promotion of National Health Services;l Bearing in mind that a large proportion of the population, particularly in rural areas of developing countries, has no, or insufficient, access to health services; Reiterating the necessity of expanding efficient and effective comprehensive health care pursuant to Resolutions WHA23.61 and WHA27.44; Considering further that, without prejudice to the promotion of the training of physicians and of other health service personnel, priority attention should be given to primary health care at the community level as part of a comprehensive health service system including preventive, curative, promotive and rehabilitative services for the entire population of countries,
1. THANKS the Director-General for his report and requests him to develop a programme of activities in the field of primary health care including identifying the primary health care activities best suited to populations in developing countries; evolving methods of promoting such activities in the community; planning and implementing the training of primary health care workers; coordinating and participating in technical and financial measures for the establishment and improvement of primary health care at the country level; and evaluating and reporting on major efforts to develop primary health care systems; 2. FURTHER REQUESTS the Director-General to consult member countries and relevant agencies in order to obtain assistance in the development of an expanded long~term programme for primary health care, including the technical as well as financial aspects, with the aim of having a plan·, action on which should be launched as soon as possible; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General to prepare a further report for presentation to the Twentyeighth World Health Assembly in the light of (a) the presentations to and discussions by the fifty-fifth session of the Executive Board, (b) his consultations referred to in paragraph 2, and (c) the conclusions of a meeting of an Ad Hoc Group of the Executive Board; 4. CONSIDERS that in view of the importance and urgency of the promotion of national health services, particularly primary health care, the World Health Assembly may wish, at an appropriate stage, to undertake a review of the experiences of health services of various
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Document EB55/9.
EB55.R16 page 2 countries in providing primary health care as well as the principles and progress of the programme of the World Health Organization in this field.
Fifteenth meeting, 27 January 1975 EB55/SR/15
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TWENTY-EIGHTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY
WHA28.88 . 29 May, 1975
PROMOTION OF NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES REIATING TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE The Twenty-eighth World Health Assembly, Having considered the report of the Director-General on the promotion of national health .. . services; '
Regarding primary health care as the point of entry for the individual to the national health system, where i t should be an integral part of t.hB4: system and. related closely to the life patterns and needs of the community it serves, and be fully integrated with the other sectors involved in community development; Agreeing with the urgent need for the prov~s~on of primary health care (promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative) for underserved populations; Reaffirming its previous resolutions and decisions (including WHA20.53, WHA23.61, WHA25.1i WHA26.35, WHA26.43 and WHA27.44) concerning especially the need to encourage the prov~s~on and expansion of effective, comprehensive health care to meet the right of access to such care for all people; Emphasizing that such primary health care can be most effectively provided within a comprehensive national health system appropriate to the conditions and needs of each country, taking due account of relevant experiences in other countries, 1. THANKS the Director-General for his report, considering it a useful step towards the implementation of the resolutions; 2. URGES Member States to take the necessary steps to develop and implement plans of action in the area of primary health care, leading to the provision of a comprehensive health care system to the total population; 3. REQUESTS the Director-General (a) to continue the work already begun in accordance with resolution EB55.R16 as outlined in his report, making full use of national and international experience in primary health care and of all available resources within and outside the regular budget; (b) to encourage Member States to train and use health personnel with appropriate levels of skills within an organizational structure which ensures their effective support and guidance. Such personnel should, as far as practicable, have the opportunity for continuing training with the object of raising standards and securing professional advance ment.
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WHA28.88 page 2 (c) to coordinate and foster research into improvement of primary health care systems, to disseminate information on new advances and experience in Member States, and to encourage the evaluation of such experiences. 4. FURTHER REQUESTS the Director-General: (a) to promote and assist in the development of primary health care activities with the active participation of different socio-economic sectors, and through the use of different entry points, e.g. national development planning, rural and other inter-sectoral development activities; (b) to continue consultations with Member States, relevant national and international agencies in order to obtain assistance in the development of an expanded long-term programme for primary health care, including the technical and financial aspects; (c) to report progress periodically to the Executive Board and to a future World Health Assembly. 5. CONSIDERS it desirable, in view of the great importance of the problem of organ~z~ng primary health care within the framework of comprehensive national health systems and services, to h~ld as soon as possible an international meeting or conference under WHO auspices to exchange experience on the development of primary health care as part of national health services, especially as regards the aspects of planning and evaluation; and 6. INSTRUCTS the Executive Board to consider and determine at its fifty-seventh session the date, place, and concrete programme for such a conference.
Thirteenth plenary meeting, 29 May 1975 A28/VR/l3
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Foifty-sixth Session
EB56.R12 3 June 1975 VOLUNTARY FUND FOR HEALTH PROMOTION
The Executive Board, Having considered the report of the Director-General on the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion; Recognizing the importance of extra':'budgetary resources for WHO work and the provision of assistance to the developing countries; Recalling resolution WHA28.41 in which the TWenty-eighth World Health Assembly noted with appreciation the support given by governments and other donors to the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion and expressed the hope that the trend towards increasing contributions to the Voluntary Fund for Heal th Promotion would, continue, 1. APPRECIATES the contributions made to the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion for which the Director-General has already expressed the thanks of the Organization to the donors; 2. URGES all Members in a position to do so to contribute to the Voluntary Fund for Health Promotion; 3. CALLS the particular attention of Members to the recently established Special Account for Assistance to the Least Developed Among Developing Countries, Special Account for the Expanded Programme on Immunization and the Special Account for Disasters and Natural Catastrophes, and the role which these accounts are expected to play in health promotion efforts, should sufficient contributions be given to these accounts; and 4. REQUESTS the Director-General to transmit this resolution together with the report that he has submitted to the Executive Board to the Members of the Organization.
Third meeting, 3 June 1975 EB56/SR/3