Cytotaxonomy of s. damnosum complex : January - December 1986

DATE OF SUBMISSION },HO ONCi{OCflRCIASIS CONIROL PAOCNETq'M SIIBJDSI I Clrbota:conomy of !. d.a.nnosum conplx PMSONNET I George K. Fiasorebor(Technical Officer) PEA.IOD CO-\rMID r January - December 1985 SIGMTURE OF RESPONSIBDE OFFICEa, ? 1. 2.. 5. 4. 5. CONTENIS INIRODUCITON CYTOIOGICAL IDEI.IIIFICATIONS I.UTEA,IAI.S RESIILTS RE-DQI{I]'IATION OF OLD PffiII.IANENI CIm.OI'IOSO},IE PRXPALATIOIiS FN,O},I THX BIACK VOItrA AND T}I] CO}IOE AND TiIEIR I},PITCATIOI.iS TOi. TM PATTIRN OF }ITGRATION IN TTIAT AREA. II]IENSTVE C]NOIOGICAI INYESIIGATIO}JS I}T TI{E SOWII-EASTIIRN OP}fiATIOIIA,L AR.5A. oBSLRVAT I ONS/COIvDIETff S TRAI]II]C/DTSCUSSIONS ACK]']OWLDGB.TE}MS. 5. 7. B. o A,tf 0l.ol.g7. 7,{ 1. INIRODUCTION Ecme Leavet 15 Decenber 1985 to JI Janr:ary 1985. The present report covers the whole year of 19g5. und.er no::ma1 circumstancesr it should. have come out in two. separate bits covering the period.s Janr:ar5r - Jwre, I9B5 ad July - Decemberr 19g6. The faih:re to write two separate reports ca^me about as a result of the large workload. in the laboratory, mostly insecticid.e materials. The remorral of the Cytota- xonomy raboratory from 0uagad.ougou (nr:rtc.na I'aso) on the or.oz.B5 arrl its subsequent installation in lxrna" Ka:.a (fogo) r*as also another contributory factor. AlthouS'h the report covers the year 1!85 on1y, it nust be nad.e clear that it as well embod.ies results of materials collected. in the later part of L!8J but processed' in 1986. The cytotypes tlistributlon nap at the end. of ttris report covers all work done in 1!86 inclu.cting those late collectlons nade in 1985. Readers are therefore uarned to take note of this. 2. CYTO IOGICAL IDE[f,r iI:ICAT IO,.,rS Throughout the year a total of twerve thousand six hund.red and nine (]:z60) !.damnosum(s.1.) lr=,rr" from for:r hundred and thirty six (qle) collections mostly in the Pro€ranrne Area vras processed.. Out of this number, Ten Thousarrd Seven Hunclred arrd Fifty-One (101751) representing 85.1% wete id'entified. The remaining 74.71 prod.uced. poor chromosomes and could. not be rea.d.. Most of the sar.rpres analysed. in this report originateil from Hericopter prosl-bctions in ttre Eastern Opera.tional :\re€r. This alone accounted for 25.5% Iof tirb total collection of 415 processed. rl.uring the period. und.er revievr. Ir. 'I.F. 'rla1sh, Cliief of F,astern Operational Area and Dr. Y. yamagata, Coord-inator of thc E.O.A. werethe men responsj.ble for all these heli - p!os- pections. They were quite often assisted by the Chlef of the Eastern ?rlriet i'lr. Sanmy Sor*ah axi thc Chicf of the E:.stern Aerobase, Mr. U.E.E. ilenderickx c.rrl iris assi.starrt, I.ir. A.K. Opoku. At times the Sector Chiefs in the Zone also prrticipated. -2- 1. MATM,I,A,I,Si Speclnens oa which this report is based ca.me from flve (5) mafn Bourcesl- (a) Sanples from routine chechs (Western 0perational Area) (U) feficopter Prospections in tfre (Westg3n Operational Area) (c) Sanples from routlne checks (Eastern gperatlonaL Area) (a) geficopter Prospections in ttre (rb,stern gpe::ational Area) (e) Insecticide Tests. ,.. RESUItrS No. ld.enti- fied Species oml'ositLoo Table Sonrce of Sanple ldo. of collec- tions SanpIe ELze sq Ya sa go d& sl. 970 T9 t00 167 18 242 L64t- Routine checlcs(uon) 72 Lr9t 0 c 15 0 57 52 I{e1i- Prosp.(wol) 12 'roq 97 1 Routine checks(Bor) ,L L509 l-168 557 L2 111 ,2 411 225 4 IIeli- Prosp.(nol) 111 416' ,995 l.589 r5 25' L'L 1605 501 4l2t 498 o 2405 4r1 84' w5 Insecti cide rests I rg0 5217 TOTAL 416 L2609 10751 2Bzt t27 ,L7L 614 tL59 817 B&TTAIVTNETION OF OTD PIRMANEI}iT CITROMOSOME PR.EPARATIO}]S :1- With the introduction of new d.iagnostic inversions (Zt/4.5, ZL/4.(A) ana (ZL/4.6.7, 2L/4.6.7A) for the separation of members of the S.sanctipauli sub-comprex by Dr. R.J..Post (HIIO - consurtant), r re-e:ramined. arl the Pe::rnanent Chromosome Preparations of the tto species from the Black Volta ard the Como6. I chose the Bl-ack Volta for this stuiiy as it is at times invaded. by the rnembers of the S.sanctipauli sub-complex and. the Corno6 for being the closest Iargest river suspected to be the source of the forest flies which at times appear in the Bui Area. Pe:manent preparations frmr Bui-Agboleka,me, Bui-Akanyakrom and Noumbiel which were rnade tn 1!82 ard. 1981 were usecl for the study. Some of these naterials lncluile<l reared larrae fron B1ood.-fed. females from Akanyakrom in 0ctober and Novenber 1982 by Dr. J.N. Raybould., an Ec - Research E\:tomotogist of the Progra.mre. RESIII,TS: A11 the larrrae were irLentified. as S.soubrenuu in 1!82 and. lgSl (Dr. S.8.0. Mg3tAlth anl G.I(. Fiasorgbor 01d Cyto Reports). The Re-Examination has sho'nrn that almost all the 1a:rrae are having tihe 2L/4-5A irrversi.ons ard. should now record. !.sanctipauli (sn) according to D3. Postrs re-classification of the S.sanctipauli sub-complex. A similar exercise was carried out on the Como6 by the re-e>camination of all permaner:t p:eparations from l,irbassar Atiin6krorfr Amontord-Canp, Koutoukro, An6kor":adikro, Apep;ipou.l.-ro, I.abrarkro and Kafolo. Thf results vrere the same as 'lhose obtained on the,il:,cl<'/olta. -{.lI the S.soubrepse were found vrearing t'ne ZLf 4.5A inversions ani siioul-rl now record as l.sanctipauli (".r). -4- CONCLUSIONI On the basis of the nev d.iagnostio irrversions introd.r:cetl by Dr.R.J. Post, the question of nisidentlfication in respect of the two sub-species is almost reuioved. The stud.y also seaE to have throvn some light on the relationship betreen the 9.-s"g!:par1i population on the Como6 arrd. the Black Volta frorn the 3s[-gorges up to Nor:mbie1. If this is acceptert then the Cono6 could no d.oubt be the source of the period.ic appearqnce of the forest cybospecies on the Black Yo1ta. 6. IMI$ISTVE CITOIOGICAL II{\INTIGATIONS IN 8ffi SOIIIE-EA,STffiN OPffiATIONAL AREAI In a.n atternpt to start control in the South Eastertr flar8< of the OCP (fentn - Ghana - Soeo) early nex't year, probably in Febrr.rary or March 1987, the search for more sclenttflc info:nation to serve as base-line d.ata in the futlre, lntensifies ln recent months. The cyto team then based in Ouagad'ou8ou (nr:rtina- Faso) apived in Lana-Kara, the Operational Hgad.quarters for the Eastern 0pera,- tional Areal for this purpose on the I0.0r.85 and worked in close collaboration with Dr. J.F. Walsh (t$O Consultant)' At a brief meeting with hin on the I1.OJ.85I it was decided that the cybo team goes out on a one week prospection tour on certain specified rivers in Togo, Benin ard. Ghana in orrler to collect more larrral samples to ad.d. to those already accummulated. for the tea.rn by Drs. J.F. Walsh, Yamagata and Messrs. Sa,mry Sowah ard JaE.E. Herderickx. Look at Tab1e 5 for the results of the larrral prospections carried out by the Cyto Team irr }Iarch this year. The irj.entification results are nerged with samples from routine checks in the Eastern Operational Area to constitute Table 1 of this report. 7.@ - All the six naln West African Cytospecies G,Egggpg.i !..reb@,L E.4gggg (s.str.); 9.-eiL@t 9.-@.L and E.Sg,tipauli) were recorded' -5- i from the Western as well as the Eastern Operational Areas of the Programme. The liven Dayl alone in the E.O.A. recor.rfled. five uain specJ.es. It is only !.sFubrense whlch rras absent from this river. (Ref. Table 4 for dstails). - S. sanctipauli Sub-Complext 1'6s rfDjoclji Fo::sl[ of this species i.s now confi:med to be sex-linked. In the present study much care w"as taken to prepare anl ldentify all lanraI samples from thls region. The result is tkrat the irrversion Is/A which ttistinguishes this geographical variant from the other members of the S.sanctipauli Sub-Conplex is recorded only in the nale population. In a prenrious report (Cyto Reports Sept.ll8d to Jr:ne 1985) I recorded. some strange irwersions (tten as ls/1 and Ls/Z+)) fro, rivers Asukawkaw, Gban-EoulWana anl Tano. It seems that this fo::rn of E.sanctipauli is more wiclely distributed ln the East than as orlgirrally thorght. In the present stud.y the tliagnostic inversion ts/A is recorded anong populations from nargr other points/rivere. Th6se Lncluiles- (1) R. Asukankaw- at Asukawkaw-Sridge; Amedjokope and the Asr:kawkaw just below . R. Wana or Gban-Hou. (2) R. Gban-Hou or Warra (A triUutary of the Asr:kawkaw) at Djod.ji anc Ahamansu. (1) n. ltenu (e tritut ary of the Asukavkaw) at 7oi7 rll - oo29 '8. (4) n. Uvi at Dayi-Hotel (Hotroe-town)i Wegbe and Dayi below Kpandu. (5) n. rano at Sefwi-Uiawso (Ntsawora) and (5) a. era at Hemang. Soon after the bricfin5 sessi,on by OCP Cytotaxonomists arrd Technicians ivith Dr. Poct in Bamako (f'a.ii) in !"Urr. ry L<18(,, all routine identif ications of I ne:'lbers of the Srsanctipauli Sub-Complex were:r.:.rle accordirrs; to 2L/A irlersj-on (Post) and. not accor,Jinq to ps.'/ajir:spunUa-r - 1,:75. The presence of ZLh r,ras irowe-.ver note.l for all sprcimens examined. - .j..*. o,. i, ".: r:'.:: All E.soub::ense exanin,d lr.'c'. t),e:1. Dion (f;.,ine.) at Oite 20 (eo44,5 - so46ty1 and Gite JZ ver:e foru'rd. wo',rinr1 lon:t:rbclominal conni-caI btrnpso .5- _ 9.4ry (s.str.) Heterozygous fenales vere registered fron Anou-Ioboto - (n. &rou - 2l/1/86); Bassa (R. okpara. - tz/r/a6i \asaba (R. Kurpawn - Zl/l/aeh Wonougbs - R. Sio (V/a/Ae)t arrd' on the Como6 at'Amiakouassj.kro 25/t/e5. - !.sirbanum Absence of Ls/1 inversion in males rras obserred from Pt.lO (n. suui-n rlr. confl. Tain); and porgp (n. rena;ari - 15r lgr zo/Lo/o5). - Insecticid.e Resistance3 In the first week of December L985, !.da.mnosr:m (s.str.) "oa 9.-g@ were found. to have developed. resistance to Temephos at various diagnostic closes e.g. O.625pp; L.25pp ard. 2.loppr. This d.isconery occu:red on the hrr at Asubend" (Crrana) (Referencs Table 5 for fu].L tletails). B. TRAI].rIi.IGIDI SCUSSIO}JS Cn resurnlrtion of duty from ilome Leave of 1985, I was invited to join Dr. F.W. I'iostra ar:d i-lr. Daniel Soakye in Ba:nako for a brief training session with Dr. R.J. Post (r,ntO - Consu,-l-ta.nt - Cytotaxonomist). I was in Barnako for a weeks 2L/2 - OL/t/85. The briefing concentrated. on the discus- sion of the recent re-classification of the rlernbers of the S.sanctipauli sub-complex. f utilised tire ol,portirnit;r to.1 iscuss with Dr. Post my recent d.iscovery of some strange inversions among the S.sanctipauli populations from Djodji (R. Gban-liou); Asuka.',rkav F.. ar.nrl tire R. Tano - (C;.to Report - Septemberr LgB4 - June 1985). These strange inversions vrhich now tnrn out to be Dr. Postts Lsf?l- ana Is/A were then by emor registered. in my report as tsf) and tsf2+1. Tne \s/A is sex-Iirked. 9. ACKllp"^ILiDGnfilNrs I a.ur grateful to Dx. B. Philippon (Cnief VCU and' rrl O A); Dr. p. Guillet (D"p. Chief W O A); Itr. J.F. Walsh (Chief E O A ); Dr. D.A.T. Baldry (Cfrief Ad,min./Liaison/TCU) i l'Ir. G. Zerbo (Co-ord'i- nator - vcu/ESA); Dr. y. ya^uagata (co-ordinator - ESA/A6OpS/BO4); Dr. II. Asoua (crr-ier cz/ESA) I Dr. A. s6k6t61i (chief wz/osn); Dr. J. Grune,*ald Co-orclinator (ARHt't); lh. S. Sowah (Ciri.f AZ/Es,X)i Dr. D. K,rtak (Ctrief mm,f/fnU); Dr. F.W. lloshai Dr. A.K. Dialloi Dr. B. Akpobor:ai llessrs: H.II. Ogran, P. Renaud; D' Boakyei I'I'D' Wilsoni Bougs6r6 Boukari, Maxime 0u6draogo; Barro 8616; R.0. Sar^radogo; 0u6d'raogp Jeani the Assistant E)rtonologists; the sub-sector chiefs and' the entire staff of the two Aerobases at Bobo ard T'arrra Kara incluiling aII the Viking Personnels, r*ho have provid.ed, materials or assisted in many other ways to rnake this work a success. C,) 4) f:q) Eo L.) It tlI Irttil I t I t{ o o A{ I 8tT{l +r 'l rllg)i olRinloo, g, o 7l uqr A at) 7lt! -{ I $l r{ I I I ,l I I I I d .(t o r, r- I lrl t-- iI r* li!l13t r l$ i -l 1 tlr m \o r{(\l t I I ,l -lN I ! 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