Aquatic monitoring: report N° 3, section I, background to data set

AQUATIC MONITOHING d * I i b # a f^' I I I I I I I I I I I I t I I I ,1 I OHcnocenc rAS r s Corurnol Pnocnnmme Report No 3 Secrloru I BRcreRouruo ro Dlrn Ser t,t, September 1979Universlty of Satford af ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL PROGRMI.IE. AOUATI C IVION ITORING : DATA HANDLI NG , THrRD REPoRT: ITtu sEPTEMBER 19/9, PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATORS : ADV I SORS H.S.M. GENEVA RESEARCH OFFICERS TECHNICAL ASSISTANTS DR C P FAIRHURST DR R D BAKER DR S FROST DR M PUGH THOMAS MRS M LOSSKY MRS M S CURTIS MISS E LEE MISS F M GRIFFITH MR P A HOLDEN SECTION I BACKGROUI.ID TO DATA SET t, s ii ij lt, =o I o Er IJ.Ja o- .--- ,/ /-"""r,Rr ./\ -) "1 o cto(! Eo 6 8oI /b o ^lra7 lll 3 L o _-.r' a-/ a o a a a OH .{a V) .-\JO rn,/33\f, a aO 3 t%.. /a a c aOi .l JE", Ti - .:53 so ':o :, oY ,c a a o je ;'2{e lu G o o\FB lrl o(J u.t ca rrl - - .E oeA. 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Introduction The 0nchocerciasis control programme data received at Geneva from che field teans can be divided into three sections with a range of forms containlng coloputer codes to facilitate key punching onto magnetic tapes The main divisions are:- (a) epideruiology (S600 series forms) (b) entomology (S610 series forms) (c) aquat,ic monitoring (S620 series forus) The subsequent programmlng of the first two sections is carried out by Geneva staff, notably Mr. J. Dupuy and Mrs. M. Lossky with advice from Mr. T. Marshall fron the London School of Hygiens 6nd Tropical Medicine. The system is nearing compleEion. History of lqutic Monitoring I,Iorklng grouPs developed a protocol for saupling during L974 and field'trials were carried out in that year. The Eeam.sinvolved vrere Ehe Office de Ia Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer based aE Bouak5 in Cote dtlvoire and the Institute of Aquatic Blology at Tamale in Ghana. Advisors included personnel from the Biology Department at the University of Salford, U.K. Subsequently Mrs. B. Walsh handled the sanpling in Upper Volta from Oua ga dougou. rn the roiddle of. L976, at Geneva, Mr. J. Duppenthaler and Mr. A. sion started to store on magnetic tape the data collected by aquatic monitoring teams since L974, They then listed Ehe data by computer and sent these listings to the AQUA/OCP teams. With EDp collaboration (Mrs. B. Busca), the first aquatic systeo was designed. The purpose was to process all the aquatic data on colnPuter to produce statistical reports. Validation programs were 2. implemented to check abnormal and missing values. Forms slmulating the original data cards rrrere produced wiEh su'nmaries of the S. P. S. S. Codebook tyPe. Programs to update earlier card formats and coding were produced but the output Listings were not stored on magnetlc tape. In L977 Ehe people concerned left this project and approximately a year elapsed before Mrs. M. Lossky was appointed to O.C.P. Many errors still existed and apparently computer system changes rendered the origlnal programs inoperable. Clearly a totaLly fresh start was required. In November 1978, Dr. C. Falrhurst vlsited Geneva to assess the current state and potential of the aquatic monitoring data Bet (OCp/lQUe/SU neport 1). As a result of a further visit in January L979 a work schedule.was produced (Report 1A) for sorting the backlog of data stored at Geneva. A conEractual technical agreement hras issued in February for:- 1. Production of detailed report on changes and progress of data handling to date. Correction of all errors, duplications and omissions in thedata files. Sirnilar clarification of incoming data. Production of data sunmaries. The present reports detail the progress some six months later. 3. Coding System The bulk of the data is received on the folloving coded forms:- S620 : aquatie invertebrate sampling. S621 : fish drift net sampLlng. 5622 : fish 9111 net sanpllng. 5623 : fish coefficient of condttion. 2. 3. 4. (a) (b) (c) (d) 3. Other forms have been planned such as fish gut content analysis (sOZ+) and treatment data (S62oc0M). Results of supporting experiments are aLso present, for example, 24 hour sampling and field trials of techniques. 4. Sample Sites The 18 sites which have been used for aquatic monltoring are listed with their treatment phase in table 1 and shown on Map 1. 5. Invertebrates 5; I. Da-ta f i le lis tings In August 1979 some 45,OOO records Geneva and Salford on 16 computer files of potentially 3.5 million characters. of invertebrates werd held at (tab1e 2). This nakes a data set RECORD LEhIGTH DATE RECEIVED Table 2 Data files, Invertebrates, Geneva Jan. L979 DATA SET NAME lCCO1 lCCO2 Lcco3 lcco4 lcc05 lcc06 lcc07 lcco8 lCCO9 1cc 10 Icc11 LCCLz lCC 13 lcc 14 )) lcc ls ) 1CC 19 These have been NO. OF RECORDS 5788 674 3498 1800 L920 3000 480 2280 6900 2820 1 140 4239 3974 5086 5086 742 Eransferred to 90 90 90 76 76 7B 78 76 78 78 78 78 78 7B 7B 78 Salford in card image Feb. L979 ll il tt ll il il lr It ,t il It il ApriI 1979 il July 1979 formaE. 4. 5:2 Sample Method Listings Tables 3-1O give the day end month of collections for each siEe, as extracted from the rnagnetic tape listings. Each asterisk indicates a change suggested in correspondence held at Geneva and these are given in Table Ll' Records have been coded frou seven tyPes of form (see section 3) and for some collections, rnore than one form exists. An example of each forn type is lncluded (Tables L6 to 22). The following sites are recorded on Ehe computer file, although no coding forms can be found at Geneva: File lCC06 1cco9 lCC 13 lCC 14 LCCL3/ L4 il S ite 11 10 8 16(8) 8 8 Da te ls. s. 75 8. 11. 76 22. L2.77 27.L.78 20 .2.7 I 23.3.78 I'lethods 7 ,8,9 L12 L,2,4 1 Lr2r3,4 Lr214 5:3 Forms - used by saupling teams and for transcriPtions Form X (taUle 16) was the first to be used, prlncipally by the teams up to and including May L975. Thls forn incLuded a comprehensive survey of the site and its surroundings many of which could not be coded onto the later forms (see Table 15). The form includes 38 taxa and space for others. This was nodified to become Porm Y shown collectlon of information only on abiotic data of others. Data from all sites fron July forro type by the monitoring teams. Table 17 which allows for 51 taxa plus addition 1975 to April 1976 were recorded on thia (Sorne of these data from Ivory Coast sites in and 5. rrere subsequently transcrlbed onto Form r (table 19), then later onto Form IV (taUle Zl). Data frou Ghana and Upper Volta sites were transcribed onro Form II (Table 20). Form Z (Table 18) has been used by Ivory Coast saupling. The daEa lrere punched directly from these teams for June 1976 forus onto 1CCO6. Forms I & II dlffer nalnly in abiotic data formattlng and the arrangement of sample numbers in different columns. Taxa were allocated codes, and uge of taxa codee (rather than names) was used in the transcrlption to Forms I and II. The data from these forms are stored on Files ICCOI, O2 and 03. forns III(a) and (b) dlffer only in the placing of the rrnumber of eampleerr figure in elther columns 75-76 (Forn 1116) or in colurons 22-23 (Forn IIIb). The lat,ter columns correspond to the space for pH recording. This 1ed to problems in updating later', when teams which had previously'not recorded pH began to record. These forms showed abiotic data and Taxa names with codes 1 to 60. Thus taxa codes were reduced from 1 to 99 to 1 to 60, (eee Tablee 12 to 14) and codes ldere standardlsed for all teams. Some of these were later transcribed onto Forrn IV. These forms were used by all monltoring teame from May/June 1976 unt1l October/Novenber L976. The information from these is stored on 1CC04, 05, and OB. Foru IV (Table 22) appears to be the finalised version used by all teams for all sanple types. The nodificat,ions include a separate space for number of samples, rearrangeoent of abiotic data format and the use of separating lines with each sample space to reduee errors in punching. Also numbers for Taxa 05, o6 and 07 are shown as 1og. form. Form rv has been used by the tealus from about Noveuber L976 onwards, and the data are stored on 1CC06, 07, O9, 14, 15 and 19. 6, This form has been used for transcription of previous data. The confuslon over the collation of the data set arises chiefly from (a) the use of various foru types ernployed by teams at different times, together with changes in taxa codes and site codes; (b) errors in original forms, transcrfptions and punching. 5:4 Data File Updates Early records of field sampling were held at Geneva on forms of three different types, all now superseded (UUtes f9 to 2UDsta flles were punched from these forms directly, resulting in a lack of uniformity of output. Prograrrmes had been prepared at. Geneva in PLI to update the files for i.rternal use, but owing to systern changes these were no longer available. This updating to standard format is necessary before any analysis of the results can be under taken. Fortran prograrmes rdere wrltten at, Salford by R. Baker based on the Geneva PLl updates by J. Duppenthaler et a1., and run for each fi1e. This eventually separated the data for each sit,e onto a separate file, grouped by sanpling methods in the standard format. This fornat is now used in all the field recording forms (Form IV). File 1 This contained the data for sites 1, 21 3, 5, 7, B fron July 1975 to April 1976 inclusive as recorded on Form I. A number of items of abioElc data needed to be corrected (see Section 5.5). ./ Apart fron this the taxa groupings were changed in the light of the initial work and these had to be recoded and, where necessary, combined 7. (tables L2-L4). The programme FILE I PROG carried to FILE 1 and a subroutine added the now duplicate surplus lines. The data were then rearranged int,o printed out together wlth the mean, standard error repllcates. and May 1976 Surber. The benne ( type Form II and a ls o needed ouL all these nodificat,ions taxa and eliminated the the updated format and and index of drift of the File 2 This is a s8811 flle, with data for day and night drift and Surber sampler for site 13, between June and November 1975, and site 14 on 4.5.76., recorded on Form II. The prograu FILE 2 PROG recoded the taxa groupings as in File 1, reduced the values of taxa 05, o6, 07 to scalar form (see File below) and corrected a number of values for current speed. The data T^rere then rearranged and prlnted out as described for Foru I. File 3 This file covers the Ghana sltes 9, 10, 1I, 12 between June 1975 for day and night drift, and from May 1975 ro May L9l6 for old basket (type 5) was recorded for sire 9 in May 1976 and 8) at slte 9 and 11 for May 1975. These dsta rrere recorded on had to be corrected as File 2 above. some values for duration corr ection. File 4 This file covers Ghana sites 9, 11, 12 between June and September and old basket (J), and sites 9 and 11 for June 1976. The data were recorded on Form IIIa taxa 05, 06, O7 still needed changing to scalar File 5 This contained the L976 for day and night drift, artiflcial substrates (3) for with updated taxa numbers, but f orm. data for sites 1, Form IIIb. This 8 for July and August the following 2, 3, 5, 7 and file required1976 which were recorded on I: (a) changes in values for duration of sanplings (g tines) 05, 06, 07, reduction of values obtained to scalar form. 2 - 9 = r1l 10 - 99 = tLl 100-999 =r3l 8BB8 = r5'1000-9998 ='4' B. a ltera tions (b) for taxa 1. e. But on date 15.7.76, site values should be ,6', ,6t statistics as with File 1. FILE 5 PROG which carried O8, earnple type 1, taxon O5, the three scalar '5'. (c) Reformatting and calcul.ation of The prograrme FIIJ I PROG was edlted to give out the modifications required for this file. File 6 This has data for May and June 1976. It is recorded in already and required only minor corrections of day, sample type, FIIE 6 PROG. FtLe B This contained data for sites I, 2, Form IV format etc. using 0ctober 1976 as recorded on Form IIIb. The available from Geneva for thls file but the that liEtle modification was needed - only site 13. Form IV forma in files and 3, 5, 7 and B for September and reformatting prograrn'ne was update notes supplied showed the insertion of three pH values at Apart from this, the data had to be reformatted and t.he statistlcs calculated. This was carried out by means of another edit (rrlr g PROG) of the original update programue. Files 7 . 9- 13 . These carrled the data for August L97 6 to date, recorded in t. A number of discrepancies have been noted between Ehe data on cards, but we have not received any definitive information about which is the correct version. 9. Fl1es 14 & 15 data was also These carried data recorded on File 13. for 1978 sites I to 19 soue of this Very few diecrepanciee have been found. File 19 Thls holds data of countries and sampling the control programme and zones. See Table l. for July and Auguet sites also occurred extenslon of control 1978 sites I to to include new area to cover L7. Recoding Particlpants in the rrre-invasion" 5:5 Table Headings and Abiotic Facto.rs The foLlowing notes concern errors occurlng between different forms and printout for each abiotic factor given in table heading. The ranges of abiotic factors are given in TabLe 23. , Da tes : Very few errors. Number of samples: Very few obvious errors i. e. between Forus I and IV and ou t- put BUT the nrnber of sanples varies (eee Method notes); this will not be a probLem if uean values are. used in analysls but may create difficultles if analysls of sample position is required. Duration: Many errors - partlcularly for S. types 1 and 2. Some have been corrected in update Prograrmes, and were due to misunderstanding between monitoring EeaEs and Geneva. Many omissions t particularly from Sites 3, L1 and 12. Problem - 88.8 = duration not applicable; does 0.OO mean the sane as 88.8 or 99.9 (= nissing data). Some sample types have O.OO and 88.8 e.g. S.T. 3 - when a duration is required; ot,hers havE figure where a tlne is not appllcable e.g. in S.T.4, There is a wide range of duration for each method. This may cause problems in anaLysis since e.g. if a standard duratlon of 3 minutes is chosen for S.T. 2 - is it accurate to multiply rrp or divide down from shorter and longer duratlons? Very few obvious errors. JLD querles a couple of readings. Many omissions, mainly from sltes 1, 2,3,5, 7,8, 9. None from 6, 15 and 17. Problem - 88.8 = water below W.G.1; ls this the same as O.OO or does O.O0 = 99.9? 0.00 cannot mean 'no nuaterr because Wa ter C,auge : 10. turbidity readlngs are given in same group. Some sites, e.g. 9 and 12, have both O.OO and 88.8. : Peculiarity - site 12, s. type 4 has w.G. = 38.B whereas W.G. for other S. types taken on same day were either 0.OO or 88.8, has there been a simple typlng error? secchl disc: No obvious errors - but see problem in twater Gauger. PH: Many omissions, particularly sites 9, 1O, 11 and 12. None from 15. Problem - does O.OO mean 888 (roo shallow), or 999 (missing data) - e.g. site 12 uses O.OO and 888- or a reading of zero on apparatus? Very few errors (e.g. site 11 - I pH of 3.0, and site 12 a pH of 0.6). I'lany omissions, particularly from sites 1, Z, 3, 5, 7, and g and 16 and 17 no readings. Some omissions sre corrected via update programme. Problem - does O.O = 9.9? Some from sites 1, Z',1 5, 7 and g use O.O. Some sites e.g. 11 and 12 use both 9.9 and O.O in same data group (different methods on the sarne daEe). Current sPeed: Some errors pointed out by B. Walsh - site 13 and correctedin correspondence. : A few omissions from sites 9, 11 and 13. surface temperature: few omissions, mainly from 9, r0, rl and 12. 5:6 Collection Methods (As agreed - June 1975 unLess otherwise stated). 5:6:1 Day drift (=S"rp1"__IZ.gSl) collections made with standard nets 3 metres long, mesh size approximately 310 um, attached to a frame 25 x 25 crn. 3 nets are Placed 2 cn below surface at points across the river, contencing 1.5 hours before sunset and kept in water for 3O minutes. Notes relating Eo this method: (a) 2nd Meeting of rhe Ecological panel (24.6.14) It3 nets left in position for hourly intervals, providing 12 samples per sire during 01.o0 to 14.00 h. At each site1 drift sample per month - pool of 3 dredges)r'. 11. (b) 3rd l,leeting of the Ecological PaneI (28. S.75) recornrnended that the procedure be adapted for low waLer - thus nets may be only partially imrersed. (c) Aquatic Monitoring. Seport at Bouake (Jan. l6) emphasised the need to try t,o avoid sample-taking immediately after treatment of the rivers with insecticide. (d) 5th Meeting of Hvdrologists trExcept for rivers Oti (11), Bagoe (7) ana Maraoue (8), monitoring should be reduced to 4 times per year. Resul,t.s arerbsually'r presented as number of animals per litre of water passing through the net. Number of Replicates has ranged from O3 to 10. Duration of sampling has ranged from 3 to 6O minutes. 5:6:2 Night Drif E (=!-"*p1"--!yp= 2) Same standard nets as day drlft 6 nets each submerged for 3 minutes, coutrtrencing 1.5 hours after sunset.. NoEes for day drift also apply to night drifr. to 10. to 3O minutes. Number of Replicates up Duration of sampling up 5:6:3 Artificial Substrates There are apparent.ly two types of artificial substraEes in current use: (a) concrete blocks (sample type 3)- the so-called type A (Rapport 0.R.s.T.o.M. No. 3 June r976 by c. Dejoux and P. venard, rEfflcacit6 compar6e de deux types de substrats artificiels'). This is made up of a bar about 9O cm long, anchored to the river bed by two blocks of concrece each 10 kg weight. To this bar there are attached 5 smaller block each 7 x 7 x 4 cm. These blocks are left in the river for the prescribedtime. I\,uo blocks, i.e. 1O saryIes, should be left at any one time. (b) Laterite stones in b.askets (Sample type 5) - the so-called type B inlti. au"ve repoi-. S-tanaara baskets, each abour 650 cmJ "rp."iEy, arefilled with laterite stones (627 cn diameter). Each basket should be anchored in such a way that it may be retrieved from the river bed at all water levels. 0rganisms are removed from the basket and stones by rinsing in dilute acLd,/ forrneldehyde solution. A minimum of two baskersto be retrieved each month (2 months at Bagoue). L2 5:6:4 Notes relating to this method; (a) Report ar Bouak6 (Jan. Lgl6) whilst the use of concrete blocks was being investigated by o.R.s.T.o.M., it was agreed that baskets and stones and concreteblocks could be used - whichever was most suitable for theprevailing river condiE.ions. (b) RePort to the E.P. for Jan. - Aug. 1976 (prepared by Dr. M. pugh Thomas) The adoption of concret,e blocks, as opposed to baskets and stones, was agreed. Although less efflcient, the blocks h,ere not stolen or vandalised as frequently as the baskets. (c) - which needed (d) Cgrrespondence Re S62O (1O.8.76) Bouak6 Frorn December 1975 all artificial substrates are in running qTater only. (e) Correspondence - 053UoG,S.T.o.M./76 (25. 10.76) I'lotification of abandonment of type 7 - srtificlal substrates in stagnant wa ter. Number of ReplicaEes up to 1O Duration of sampling up to 98 days (98 days means 98 or more daye) Further information is needed to clarify the disEinctions between (a) Artiticial subsrrate(b) old basket(c) uew basket(d) Benne Surber Samples (= Sanple Type 4) Standard surber samplers are used. Each is made up of a metal box with a 15 sq. cm. base, 3o cm high. 2 sldes are enclosed, 3 open and I covered with a removable gauze. The bottom edge is faced with rubber - about 1 cm thick. The net is about 1 metre long with a mesh of about 210 un. These sauplers are only used on rocky substrates and are held downby hand. collection of fauna is made by brushing then scraping the substratefrom upstream to downstream, organisms being carried into the net and collection bottle by the river current. Ghana Monitgling t,eam Report for Jan. - Dec. Lg76 Noted the difficulty of using the concrete blocks a rrmaturingtr period. I13. "samples are not to be taken until the dry season river regirne is well established but must not be derayed untir so late in the season that t,here is a danger of rlslng river levelsil. 1o to 20 surber samples are to be taken at one time from each siteper year - during the dry Beason. Notes relating to this method: rt was agreed to take 5 surber samples per month during 5 months of low flow. selection of monitoring dates is left to Ehe monitoring teams. There will be 3 surber sites in Ghana, and 3 in rvory coast. (b) Bouak6 (General notes arrached to a fish report) (27.1.76) - artificial substrates Eend to disappear and therefore surber sampling nay be best way to sample boEtoms. Results are reported as nuuber of animals per square mecre of river bottom. Nunber of Replicateg up Eo 1O Duratign of sampling up to 63 (There should be no duration, so figures of O, 99 - are acceptable?) Other Basket Samples. Confusion exists over the relationships between new snd old baskeEs and tBenner dannples. Littre clarification has been obtained fromthe correspondence. Ekman dredgel (= sample Type 7) (code also used for artificlal substrare stagnant water)(as described ln 2nd Meeting of E.p. June 1974 Appendlx 3) A grab 15 x 15 cm, 23 cm high, which may be triggered by hand in shallow water, or by megsenger weight along a cord in deep water.Particular care should be taken to obtain a full sample; partial samples should be discarded. Number of Replicates has ranged froo O to B Duration of sampling should nor be applicabre - (but t has 30) Notes relating to this method: Correspondence - OC/4/ 77 ( 15.3.77) Point 4 d - past Ekman grab - s. type 7 - now in general to be ignored. 5 :6:5 5:6:6 (a) Report, on a M_eeting of moniroring regqs held at Bouak6 (-lan. Lg76) L7I615Ig1311104 I4. 8 TABLE /3 L2 --1 81 14. I'{ETHODl=DAYDRIFT -ln-+3 -2r lrs 16 rSITE D U r u A M J J A s 0 N D J .P tt A !t J J A .s 0 N .D J r I't A u J J A s 0 N D J 9 H A M J J A s 0 N D J 9 ,:-fr :ii;iL:z- 26,2 5 i*liT-T-[ li 6 -fr rz*"-!, _ _: ? ,r,, ?-0ilrTl: ;i 5--ll -1;-i '^ 4 i '2',', jtfiif ?ii----t! s-il ,irt- -r.-i.--'i:,i-tri-li 17 11 18 -'-Lt- --- t6 - t - - -'-8 - i- - i-' "- I i ia a l3 iL 9 i;- i:-,,i 'i li I -u-.-.31-.-1.1 16 15 7 I 3 4 :1{ 1;; 1,, 1gi,.i ;; iB ii# l,; - - 'i- { i l- 14 ," -i it i3it l:i\lii iii"'17 'r5 18 -^ to L7 L 2 4 20 I0 11 10 13 6?97 14 L to original comPuter fi1es. to original computer file number 19. i rs I t __*-_;;_-r-rq;rz; , trri'--fi1 ''11re1"i; L:i _:Li - ------ fii iil{ L6ll L9 L2 l-.'.115 I I 15i Bold numbers refer Subscript 19 refers z/4 6 I; -_. r-. Er-1922723 ! 13 Is -.i- . I t- - -'- - -'t---'A'l 1o'-t , S;-'i-1-'-"-z{ a-iil! 4 t iza : i-'i.--, ',, ;; i: ii, 1"7 ?ili ,L ,i ,:, iizl s L4 a r+li lgi 3 6 9 i2! i 'ri, fi lS 1" 1 rr +fri , ' ', ! i-t*'L4 zo 16 2L ls zzltz L4 15 Iil ;i i; ,olsii 3; i-l .-tq,.-.-1.3- .-?9,.-.- 14 - - r-2-.1o L7 18 LZ I i;ilf.il..;9iliii i t3ii-fi-'-il -fi-- io-rz'!] i o .,^.! il--ii--tt-'- -tr-t-o- 3 4 7 Ls 74,, l: trl2 "; i li3 4 ir'- -tq--i, Io ll o i -l-'J-----irt t o :19 il"l , ,7, il i i?, ..-1----l' , i;Ie i31e cI 15. TABLE 4 METHOD2=NIGHTDBIII L7I6l5rqI3L211lo98SITE .74 79 D J F M A M J J A S 0 N D J I M A It J J A J o N D J F M A M J J A s 0 N D J F H A M J J A s 0 N D J F 76 a 77 78 irf r-;;i, r;0iI!i^! i 9 22 7 _ ^,t r < ioqA -.-.--, 7 i28 i ,Z'riLs ;; ";;i r s iitb rB B t6 s L7 toi 12 ls L7 s L4 t ,.t I i;i 3 6 8121 iLz zs Io 26 I 1l l8i I 3 s i-:-r. rrlBlo ;; -roit 2 s i--X L4 20 16 2L 15 ZZ 'i tz 14 15L7 le 16 loi 4 o ? s-11 25 g Io 23i 3 o 4 riii-siti 26.-i2 s a*ii i?- il--i1------ll-e- -: l; r* : i i i-rai--iB-- i-'-Lr---i ig,i r -iig-,u--?l i 1i 'iii:ii H ,i ]: i! I il 'li;it::7::-'o:::zt i i: iiii;li l:ell ;': lii 23ii 1R 11 'n 14 19 10 L7 18 L2 i i--zq-ii--u--1[--:I-::it-i 1 I ii rl 1r Lz ''--'-'-':-'16-' 12-'z 3 6 .li i; it i; 12 14 t6 9 ?. 2 :t"21t3 13 14 '- 13 14 4 5 7 23 r, 1. ra 1A l? | 2 4 20! tz 1-6- - -1q- -.- r-.a,.- -.-.-.-.19.-.-l?^, I z zoi:--L-r--it-:,-i-- - -T3- - - -::eq- i-o-i 15 13 9 19l r-ii -aa -13- - : 6-:-o i 816i--iT-i5-il----- -11 10 3 4 7 15 i"24L7 -zL2i2"{: '; ", i; i ::,z irgrzo14-l91ol7IELZi i-i:- ;r iT -:'i6 [__lii + - i 3 I rl 13 L7 t6 23 6 7 e i. li ^r rv - ar lZ13 l8 ll 12 zyn 10 11 6 i'- -'-e1-'-'-'1= -'18 rv L7 i8l -- 11 5*- - -T+-lk' L.tgr7 tgLT tg ,i* I1r gr7 tg l'l ti illZi\lZLL" t -8i iite;]tr18457 11 16 L7' i- ro 11 6 19 13 ^1 -+l #,=- -r 7 9' 7 2L ff5.-lr | ' I5i 14 115__]79 L6, Ls22i1 13 li METHOD 3 = ARTIFICIAL SUB 26i 23 4i -'1 T+ b 23 __3r___L7 -lt-i22 L2 i TABLE 5 SITE T7t6I5I4t3L2I110643 74 75 t? t'16 --i \t:;ti l-?:- i 15 2A t.--11_l ll D J F M A M J J A s o N D J .t. M A M J J A s 0 N D J r M A M J J A s 0 N D J F M A M J J A S o i\ D J F 76 77 it+2016 2l 25i17 le 1511 25 9 L -!-6- - ]1- -l-Zt20142l i_____;i_ ir^" ;;__8__--i:-- i;l:lili;; ;;eL4s :i i-.-rq-.-.p-.-.-?9--.-.---14-,----.-.=-.-.-J9-, - 18 ii--ir---6-]i------ 1o 1: :? i-!,_ _ l I15 L4 i-.!._._. ._._.. I irs 14 i-'1-'-'- ----t-l -z-o-:iilit::::--:11:rs---rri ! I n--il -12--- ------Io -12-' 2 3 151614167 13 14 12 16 L7 16 15 l3 I6 LI 'tB I6 6 6 lo L7 7 11 L4 2 6 22 15 19 24 -l ,u - lr-l 1 L8 2726 20 z.yb fjl_ q -L9 L7 tg 2ot g .9wrr', o l1-' 1 4 r1- 5| -r- 13r g I l9" i15 15 tb) TABLE 6 METHOD 4 = SURBER !. SITE L7. L716r5l4L3L211l0rQ tz rT 7 5 I6 rg a74 D '75 J r M A l.t J J A S o N D 76 J r M A l'{ J J 'A s 0L N D 77J r M A lt J J A s 0 N D 78 J F M A M J J A s 0 N D 79 J F iL7 19 16 i 11 25 9 1l:, TA 2 4 3 2 5 2 4 56 i 4i - - '- - i -'5 '- i-'-"-i:it* i 1-;,ii lii24 ir23 i .+ -.-.. -.-.......{ r3 7 W 7 15 I izz ls zo ntz I 19 24 L7 L2 Zn6 L6 L7 I20 6 11 I {"182362e1-3 13 18 tL zf2orc 11 6 t -t-il 1s L7 t, 6rg 11rg 12 ll+ Irl 12 -l zl TlB. TABLE 7 METHOD5=OLDBASKET a a t4 75 SITE L716I5t413L21110 D J ! M A M J J A S 0 N D J F M A M J J A s o N D J F M A M J J A s 0 N D J t' M A M J J A s o N D J F 76 i7 78 i--;3 i' 4, l8/j,i e i ...r'zt . ---""-Z:--o l.,, i\ i4iz i , i I I i ! I ! : I 3 7 5 26 23 12 12 L5 4 i'-"-""""""'-' "'-"i"--""-'-'lro Lt, 'i o , 13i; z i!-ro 1r oi+---;i-.--...--.-. --..:-;.-..-..-"...-...i 79 METH0.D 6 1-NE1, BASKET19. TABLE B l?I6i51413L2l1l0SITE L2 25 11 18 10 15 11 18 16 16 1 19 227 20 L2 74 D 75 J t, l''1 A 14 J J A s 0 N D 76 J r M A M J J ,A s 0 N D 77J F l'{ A M J J A s 0 N D t8 J F t"l A M J J A S 0 N D '9. J F IMETHOD 7 = ARTIF. SUB. STAG. WATERTABLE 920. t7 .t6151413L21I10SITE 18 D J F M A t'l J J A S o N D J F M A M J J A s 0 N D J F M A M J J A s 0 N D J F It A M J J A S 0 N D J F 76 77 IB )e 74 't5 22 L2 7* L2 11 26 19 2L. TABLE 1.O - lt _rl l'{EIltOD 8 = BENNE L716t5L4r3t2t1loS ITE 74 75 D I F M A M J J A S 0 N D J F M A M J J A S 0 N D J F M A M J J A s 0 N D J I 11 A M J J A s 0 N D J F 76 77 l8 a"""'-""""""'-" '-"""""" i i.-L?- 1 ?9 ii--io- iz ^ iq iibi tf TABLE 11 DAY DRITT Site 1 Slte 5 Site 8 Slte 12 Site 13 NIGIiT DRIFT Site 1 Site 2 Site 12 Site 13 SURBER. Site 9 Slte L2 L3. s.7 6 25.4.7 6 ., .) -L. NOTES ON DATA AND TILE NI.I},EER FOR TABIJS 3 TO 10 13.5.76 2 sets of form 4 for V,ay L976 (datea 13.5.76 and L7.5.76) 14.10.75 Correspondence gives date as 15.10.76 August 1975 in file 9 24.8.75 in file 1 November 1975 19.f1.75 in file 9 28.11.75 in fl1e 1 - update notes, correct this to 18th. L7.5.76 Update and correct this to 19th. April 1976 No collection - broken vehicle. C,aps between December and May (incl.) because ri.ver is dry. original form = 17th correspondence is 23rd. As day drift. As day drift April L977. No coding sheet received at Geneva with other sampling types, August and Septemober, L976. No surbers because water too high. On In SAI'{PI,E TYPE 7 Site B 7.7.75. Correspondence gives this as L7.7.76. TABLE L2 OTD CODE 88 89 62 63 7L 95 73 74 72 68 69 70 76 93 77 61 79 B1 80 64 7B 82 75 B3 84 94 85 86 87 90 67 9L 65 66 92 23. TAXA CODING CHANGES FOR IVORY COAST (BOUAKE) I\IAME Hydres Celenthes hydres Na ididae 0ther oligochaetae I"lacrobrachium larves Caridina larves Les tida e Agr ionida e Aeshnidae Cheuma topsyche Macronema 0ther Trichoptera Anisops Micfnecta 0ther hemiptera Lu licida e Ephydr idae Rhagionida e Dytiscidae larves P lanipenne P lanipenne (Sisyridae) Acar ina Biomphalaria Pr osobranciria Pu lmona ta Ba e lania Sphaeri i dae Mu te 1 lida e Epher ida e B isanodonta Tetards Ba tra ciens Terr es tr es Bryozoan C i lies UPDATE CODE 01 o1 03 03 09 10 22 22 23 26 26 35 36 36 3B 47 47 47 48 54 54 55 s6 56 56 s6 57 57 57 57 5B 58 60 60 60 TABLE 13 OLD CODE 81 62 63 82 B6 84 90 6B 69 67 B5 B9 9B 64 65 70 79 80 7l 72 91 94 95 93 73 74 75 96 76 77 78 92 66 61 83 B7 BB 97 24. TA]G CODING C}TANGES FoR G}IANA ( 9 to 12) NAME Crab Potamanthldae Symphida e Odona ta Anisoptera "2o+2L+22n Hemip tera Simuliidae "43+44+45+46n Diptera pupae Ha Iiplidae Pseudoc hopa tra 0cher bivalves Ta dpo 1e He 1 lodii dae Water spider Other cru€i tacea UPDATE CODE o1 o3 o3 10 1B 19 20 22 22 23 23 23 23 26 26 36 38 41 47 47 47 47 52 54 55 56 56 56 57 57 57 57 58 60 60 60 60 60 TABLE 1.1 OI.D CODE 89 67 68 69 64 65 70 79 90 91 82 7L 72 81 83 84 85 B6 B8 73 74 75 76 77 7B 66 6L B7 62 63 25. TAXA CODING CHANGES .FOR UPPM. VOLTA I{AME Decapoda (macrobrachiuu) Aeshnidae Les tida e Agr ionida e Cheuma topsyche Ivla cronema Anisops Lepidos toma ti dae Gerridae nyuphs Nep ida e S. adersi Tabanldae Ephydr ida e Aedes larvae Thauma l-eidae Stratiomid larvae Culicinae pupae Hydroporinae NeuropEera larvae Acarina Prosobranchia Pu lmona ta Sphaerii dae I"lute1lidae Epher ida e Snall frogs P la tyhelulnthes Collembola Na idida e O ther 0 ligocha eta e UPDATE CODE 09 23 22 22 26 26 36 35 38 3B 4L 47 47 47 47 47 47 48 s4 55 56 56 57 57 57 58 60 60 o3 o3 -oIt T,$tsLE 15 CHAr{GES rN coLUMN CODTNGS. E 2 (]o o t,o N le )o i; ,> 4 qO l l '{ *l d :l\i el hl NI(l TI il rl al .{[l\I ,*l *l t\, lu l: t; t;l^l.o lst; lo l-e I o-- I r/ll,-t: t: l.{. l*lr ts ,1 l" :; \)a \t- .E, J+l {-l *I +l sl ."1 :l r+l VV \9 h + !''o, c.l P ):l J- ,iJ -A --l -l r.l i € J * E a\) l=* t:tcli E12 w; s +$ r ; .tr d ; 5 $dtsiJ cj L t:\.gItE\\:\H cb '*g € .o9 .5 I Li/'l 6)r.fi cf ti .i- Jp '-T F I .t Jt) I "{ J ,$, JL t )- d,ftr F da J o 2- d o tL c d \9 i/) rd da t .) )- I i./\i-rlr.l.J ls i$ IJ ie i- lu Irl-l'l\al'lil{ illr\loINi't-l'I3t- lxlql.lir'.l i;lI.l1..^ Il'l Itl Ir I Irli-ll*lIoll;l "l5l =l\al -l do ,.t \, {- c.l it t27. TABLE 16 Form X used until May L975. \46:@i*!-ff ffirufirrrffi li=:l.,j'at. .,h Lon_m I c l_l I ; >rc ih:rn 3t.runa :rnai,),srs. ,fnmlcr in iT.h cof tectlii?axo ,l ,^r,- r lr .2 1-3 r 1, r -<r (,t 7FTai,;i;fiicir.,s li cri1.t Co d a Anneli.la 9riJ,, OligochaeEa Tubificidae il i rud iric a .\nphipoda Copopo<ia Concos:r.rc Decapoda IIi c rob rac hi um Caredena T!.Sf.lrtp:e_j V'/Wt:i{4C O(qna ra .{e s hn id ae Gonrplr i Cac L,ibcI1ulidae Le s c idae Agr io ni dae Dipcera f.t to r)o S imul iida e Ff .oll.;rurr,.r.i.. '--__i-l$r,^;,ffirc .r.?Lh. H "k".],] .Jrp!:{lc s.rr;rplc I aV iL,r.s lhjur i n.f_l t:.r,ir trr'rl Suri.ur :j"rc,)Ie I f-l l_2 n.pf] .!:i ii nct 5r'.?lc -, r/l?,4,1 I Pl 2-3 m.J. tJl|-!:1.11.'.1;toi'.-s,ix1c I l-1 r . *. llean Crus tacea Coleoptera Lepiciop cera Eydracarina Mo I lus ca w.r4, I -2r? l--l --..'.+l rl 72 +7t 2b 645 Other com:ron raxa (specify) E ph e mero ptero-?,oehdoerl *ewr 'l-e 161 g* nac odc\ qre-!-qntstq -f ' fl1 4oi 3?l !:tl, 4t}CliI:|tD I ,l_,1- fIO.rcl Chi rononini Tany Ears r. ni 0 r choc Iadin po.t irui Hyd ro ph i I idae Gyrini.dae Pyral idae Bul inus ,J,,],, Linmaaa Physa Po tadoma Pila . - Lancasces I69 ,rrrl*rl,*,1, tt:to))t. ?!.4 ?t:i --!r'r--*:....."..-t- f tSh fr.t g liiul-ii;lll t;i_l 1'ss) 6t | _i a28. TABLE 16 : Form X continued. r^,ith slir.rysurfaces b 1 or:nrs; U,r;1. lrl riLcLit,lr: r;il-lr 2 c.,,,.,.,r.,(i), ocher.[c;!rrrus in righc h.rnJ c ::lronld tre in ri rhe lrand coIu,-n. f IveI l)OI t.r-'. tl r.rv c I Stoncs Iloulders ,\rtiricial debrie 'iir1....1.,.....r lr.,tril c,r L tr,,.rt ,1l L rr.co:(li r, kn. oi saxrDlc site ()thr:r (speciiy)... crci:):ra 450 angle angl e fLaE rnl( vr'gci:aCroil IJ:rrrrn - nrud Ll.l rrcn - sanrl B;,.rren - roci( i'abicacion Cul tir'.rtcd land SirorE ilrxsS Lontl tirJi;s . slrucEure ( 0vc rhang Gree.Ccr than Less th:rn 65 l.lore or less i I lB,rslr/scruhr-i-l ,-l--t . I l:orusL f --] 0,1,., Res-rvoir in Loc,rL area lJarer rransp orc.€91t.!..q^cl Co^o e !L:('O; h'JLcr. U'-vc dctilrls rI posslble. 1,./ I Do:.,s iic sunply. ..4i1nttal f_J t,'asgr disl:os"f ......... fl l{ice or sinilar crop. r. fl Fishing acErvicies.'..lgcal L_l Irrig:cion ?urposes. . . . Tree Shrub Herb Crass Brtrrel I I Less than 1o I I 10- l1r I I 15-19ft 2o-2i'A :lorc 'than :s StoC Overa ve Ioc ! ty S t and ing Slow Med iurn 'Fas c L'eir/waeerfal l PH - 7.5 + ++ +++ ++++('Chcr reldvJnE rntort:..lClon: $ridge uras berng rrseA. Ferrg higt', and tha br,)tge r-t cove.erl usecl orel.7 u.rhc,, rrver 30 ,n...'',.^,8 ,2cr,-.^.\4L, Cplto.{*J ba-t ,,,-eclt )l.cJt) ev,,,t ou^a 4.oo p wr 0I f ice collacr-ou onl;r: a TABLE 17 : Fo-rm Y (3 data from 29. pages) used July 1977 to for recording April 1976. 0 iiciic) a _lR cI AS I s ct) - r'i tLrL l)lr.0Giti.;,- 3 Ar"-gA!-r_-c_,-._0 r[ !qL_:1 + COUi.lTltY CODI: RCa TAdA ilRI rT ( rlIGilT ) I-_--'1-...r_ ; S-u-n:R iOf;l lR ; S*I';PL iR ; )z.tt-77 ,/IDTII ?H: TJ'PllltATUIiE: DAY: Lq."1 i{lGHT: i CURrirriT SPE;ID RIVIIR:0rlo; ;r li i )T: _ll=ir, T;* --isr. r, ,itr,'-+1-1 ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATf SAi'PI,JS l--r-T_--r---r-_ !112!31415 !!!!! !T0TAL !i,,-t^ii tt ltttt r 6 t 7 ! B ! 9 ! 10 !!!!! tt trI ttl lll trtrtttrrr ttttttrtttCTLX}iTHXS ttttt ttltt lll PLATYHELI'iI Nli{BS tl tllAM{IIIDA - tlaidi-dae Other 0ligochasta llirudinae CRUSTACEA Cladocera - dopepoda Ostracoda Potomon I'iacrobrachium CariCina tlt lrl trttrtrllllll tlltllllllll! DPI{:i,;EIIOPTIJRA llaetioae Leptophl.ebiiclae Caenid.ae Heptageniidae 'iYi.chorythidao Ephemerj-dae lrlrllllll ! I I t-T-r-T-T I I I I It'l ) | ' : : : : : :'.-].-. -1/ ; ltllllltlt !!!!:!!!tl!!ffi -i---'i-' -- -T----i---------_]-*--r-_ - iililtiiiitltoligonesriidaelllitlil -' ' ' ' --i---,,--- : 30. Table 17 continued SANiPLf,S !!tttt ;roT-{L;l:rAil;; ! !^-.,.- . 1ir .!.:- ,r-. '--. f 'l,iI -'-.. ; IAXA I;1 ; I -rl ;;i. 2 ; : ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 i B i e ; 1o tttllllll;. fttllllll trlllllll I PI:JOPTERA i'{eoper}a TRIOHO?T:RA -'hil o po ta:ni dae .., rrltdropSyc}:^cdlC th e ur.rnato psyche -'iacronema Hydroptilidae Leptcceridac Others tlll llll lt It trtltllllllll tttlllllllll ttlltlllllll ttttrllt | _8__:.:",_Q]_*__ . . -rtltl ODOiII^T.1, ttrlllllll tl I;rcshridaeif!!!!l!l!rrr Goraphidae i--:-]-*-------i--T-i-ffi HC...IPTERII;;i;;;;;rr!!! ,'inisops;i;;;;;;iii;i .i DI?T:]1A ttlltllllll;a lphydridae Chironomini 'Iirnytarsrni ()rtJroclad i nae Tanypodinae Jhaoboridac Others 31. Tab1e 17 continued ! o^!'nrnd ! ! tI stu','lPtis r I r. _l_r__r__r__T_*-r__T_=r_- ; ;ST,..l,i;a.,:i, i-, Fi{, Iffif mr,ir.lintu l;i1iA;i'TAJLI COItrOPT 3RA Dytiscidae El-midae I I I lllllllllll r,rPrDoPrERA Tl-]-l--l-l lT-l-lPyralidae;;;;rr.rr ACANI}IA GASTRoPODAii;;;;Prosobranchia; i ; ; ; ; ' '- hrl.ron$ta - !--!----l*---1-T-T' ttrrrrrrlltlt ttttttrlltttr I I I ttt ttr ttt tttttrrrrtttr ttrtlrtrrtttl " OTHXRS ! rtlttlllltttl .- r I r I I I I I I _-.__ BIVAI,V ]S Sphaereidae l,{ute}Iidae Epheridae FlSH TABL.E -18 : Irsg_Z used for one 32. month by Ivory Coast teams. p- }HffiIrt I Iqe{ E]Ei q E Jq'H'I ;{ I 33. a TABLE 19 : Form I ueed for transcription purposes. t(, ei] E t-: u1 (, o g E P ?\g u, U CL u9a * n E tr E E H *lEe {- t $si'D a 863 afls3d {ld'r. rtr '(s '6*r*o"*lo.*nn* ,o Yrrdlatr'*r. , 62es A1uy3 ,o oolJ.dyl'$rlu ror uro) EgL.l eLI si Ee ht Er E Hr Es tra Ei . Hi Lvl) -<:FI -g 'k@ E ot ao A. I k, 0o o) +0 Ifp 0o o Oo tIt l} Ff- ol}. t, ,lF '(u\ -ri t) .oIlx N F. g ,I\, f"l \0 \0 I rf{ \o hJu I(rrl4 h @ trt I In vt + .' r.ft I -lv, [r) o ut t t!{t -+ -l -:-I il) 1{ rJ s rJ i\.! i il sl t r-t o :f I a,s \i lra J r '(1 -.1 T{ I I -sl st ar Igr(, -1. -J N + t! I'j + i -!\i TABLE 2O : Form II 34. - used for transcript.ion of early data. *i5s'.;? ,,-r t:: ii cflL"l,\t' o:o[t!l l-.' o tj gr.}. TU J(tqOs r*CY,1 fr I\{ t--r iLl s l-1 tt F--{ eLJS nR+- no HE,fl s-HEUH n6HqHr ' sasc.i}rl d hrv.q-r:fl,cJ d,a:). CvalJ.ijU,SC-Var *T f:g oz9s- q1c i,)s;j h>t) jL ?i,hJ nF:t t(n tla Q.lESt, ?j ^l c? u;; T-Ia l-l-qHaLl (1 rie lsl t-r EcUS R EH E" lolLI I$J: lU,l oE"i? H \ C;{ EH al=;':il < l-'--_ c l<l.r':', li5f'rlf I \J ot \31rl L.) I la f, l;l.' a35. TABLE 21 : Form III - r{ras used for about 6 monEhs during L976. MONITO,IING . TNVERTEBRATS JA},IPLING.rrrHo/ocP. FoRr4: EIffi o^rs.' AHW1t*, (*d9 ,E.!--.lhr.ra,{.4 lc.#arirE/.I. AQUATICV-l- s, JCoUNTRy. VJ'.4u w)oqt) n srrt. laa-la-- f7tr t- ? trm(Y&i;) E];M(*ltrc)v,lrER qn'Jqtr ,ffiM srcc$r Drsc ,QfQ(rarlti C^) llTl t.rrr oslr .2 r Prrf Dltrlf.SAHPLE fYPg : I / I J.Anac,.L' iu€JrR^r6, .| I Jvtaat tAhTuA. tl t- 26 21-A(hr{: A!).r trr.JNcHfb S1.'RTAC TTXPERAJiIJEE : rA&{ (o{ uNf lr ArA I r{axlroDA ouiso ealBrA .alAuDiNtA cuuoccaraA coPtpoDA o.Tt.e co.D^ ?of A llor{ nitctro 6Pr'tctlirrH cr rinixa g4Cir^Drli calxiortL !rrrotB1taiiD^t HcDrAqlrriiFat fricoRrr{iD r .r.trF;atiD g ori qolraua; iDAE r;; I carxo cr r/tt;!,.$ lcau,r,'orcE lxvcrcttvcrirar uarr-wr,iP'r .aYqoPTrEaA offi4 yoecrriri:r*8 Proc s4i t"A!, i16PorAiio/la vc,;-)frtroFtr!i HoxYi-sr,E ;rinan tcosrDlr.lrro.ta Jrtrct SYaLr}^l c1 so^it I DA t xorortcriDa! Caf H"l.fiffi6;l;E c rra urjrar Onrrdl a- DAht+,SuH ar.aiAox6h i!i raxv rry-lhi ^tocL{rii }.lA{+) ! yrb, iiNA 5 oftcrl >);r.[cY!^I !Lrrirrrllr nvl(opxiriael r.va ia*ir:,r( u I '... .1 i"i.i'-r5E;;;-,;:--1 lll ', r:"1 | SAMtrLES - 4t+ A9 -5.,- 51-.}" E{- Gt fl c,t l, o{al qaaall li rruir^ Jr6qnl 9 I 10 | abcde lat)cd. (lr t(i - ;'-i,{ 36. T,0.BLE 22 : F'orm IV final version has been used for transcriptions and by monitorlng teams since Noveober L976. tR,l:; wxo aJol . oc, ttlr6t 37. I"IINII'IUM . I"IAXIMU,I VATUES OF ABIOTIC FACTORS TABLE 23 S ITE !I T&IP. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L2 13 L4 15 16 L7 Overa 11 w. c. o.2 - 6.3 0.6 - 5.6 0.9 - 3.1 0.02 - 1.3 0. 10 - 4.3 0.1 - 4.5 0.4 - 4.9 3.8 - 10. 1 o.2 - 8.9(38.8) o.2 - 5.8 0.09 - 5.1 0.7 - 0.9 0.6 - 0.7 (.oz - 10.1) (0. zr - 15o) 6.5 - 8.0 6.5 - 7.s(3.0) 6.0 - 8.0(0. 6) 6.5 - 7,5 6.0 - 7.o 7.5 7,5 (6.0 - 8.o) SPEED o.2 - 1.40 a.4 - 1.60 o.25 - 1.50 0.3 - 1.10 o.3 - o.50 0.3 - 1.40 0.3 - 1.60 0.1 - 2.4 0.1 - 1.3 0.1 - 1.1 o.1 - 1.2 0.4 - 3.8 o.2 - 2.6 1..0 - 1.3 0.5 0.6 (0.1 - 3.8) (20.s - 3s.o) L6 7 13 S. D. 95 92 100 23.O 25.o 24.O 24.8 27 .5 23.o 23.5 25.O 27 .9 20.5 24.O 25.5 32.0 29.5 28 28 33. 5 32.O 32.5 31.0 30. 0 31.s 31. 5 35.0 29 .6 34. s 35.O 31.5 32,5 31. o 30 31 15 110 25 7 o.4 15 11 I 7 42 BO L20 95 110 150 23 87 L29 24 47 35. 6025 Note: The numbers in brackets, within the table, belong to the group of numbers directly below the bracketed number. These brackeEed numbers are apparently abnormal values which have been recorded. t38. 6. Fish Monitoring 6:1 Introduction and Data File Listings The first data has been sent from Geneva with the invertebrate records on the files shown in table 24. There are three types of inforuation:- (a) (b) (c) S62I; s622; s623; drift net samples with 338 records; see table 25 gill net samples \,rith 3,761 records; see table 26 and Coefficient of condition hrith 30,104 records; see tabLe 27 data set approaches a size of 1.3 million characters.The whole 6:2 S621; drift net samples 6:2:L Protocol Standard drift nets are used. Initially, samples were taken once per month with at. least 2 nets put in position at sunset and retrieved 2 hours later. It was reco'nmended to place the nets in rapid flowing rirater of 1-2 metres per sec. The fish caught were killed, separated from debris and the sample preserved in formalin for later examination. Fish drift nets will have a rectangular opening 40 x 70 cu. and 3 metres long wit.h mesh 1.5um. 6: 2:2 Updates Before July 1976, there were often 2 net sizes 6rnm and 1.5mm. The earty data was coded in a 57 coluun format (Table 28). Start and end dates were given perhaps to conform to 5622 and 5623 although not appropriate to the proEocol. However, sorne records are apparently taken over 2 or 3 days and it is not sure whether this applied to the visit or the actual samples. After JuIy 1976, a 45 column format (Tab Ehe 1e second date was removed and the layout altered to give 29). The last record description is given in table 30. t39. 6:3 5622 Gill nets: fish per unit effort 6:3: 1 Protocol A battery of gill-nets of standard length and mesh are left in Ehe river overnight. At least 2 nights fishing is essentlal to obtain representative results. If this Is not possible, then 2 batteries of nets for 1 night. For each net, the fish are measured and weighed. GiI1 nets were used every 3 months in different stations for an initial period of 2 years. Gill neEs eaeh 25m long and 2 m deep in mesh sizes - 15, 20, 25,3O, 40 mm. a battery of nets is a composite of all 5 sizes. Ref: Lev6que, Odei and Pugh Thomas*: Nets used in Ghana and Ivory Coast, but labour not available for this method in Upper Volta. Flsh catch represenEed as fish per unit effort, which is the number of fish caught per 100 m. of net per night. 0n1y the area of net. in a position to fish is considered in the calculation. e.g. in shallow water those parts of the net which are not usable are excluded. Ref: IAB Annual Report, 1977: In flood season, local fishermen get better results with gill nets because t.hey float the nets in the main stream. The OCP method with hung nets is not possible in the fast flowing parts of the rivers so PUE is less. There was a possibility of changing protocol to allow this. 6 :3 : 2 Upda tes 0ther sizes of net used (ref. correspondence): monofilament - L2.5, 25, 38, 62rm Eultifilament - L2.5, 15, 20,22.5,25,30, 40, 6O mm standard multifilanent (fron July L975) - 15, 20, 25,30, 40 nm research slzes apparently sLil1 used (ref. recent annual reports)- L2.5, 15, 20, 22.5, 25, 30. Many records for non-standard mesh si-zes exist in pfe-July 1975 sampling data sheets, but as these are not compatible with the standard data, r.hey are not ,. in Ecological Effects of Pesticides. f.H. Perringand K. Mel1anby. Lin. Soc. Sympos iuro, No. 5 . Iusable (ref. letter from Lev6que, Data were recorded in 8O column fish-codes were in 5 columns but records are in 79 coh:mns (Tab1e 40. 26.7.76) . format before July new fish-codes have 32) . L976, (raUte :t) when 4 columns so new format 6:4 S623 Coefficienr of eondition Records of weight/ length for selected fish species have been kept in Cote d'Ivolre since September L974 at 2 sites, and by nid-1975 six sltes were being studied regularly. In Ghana, records were obtained on two occasions at three sites in mid-1975 but they had problems with equipment which were not solved Ei11 when regular monthly sanpling began at 2 sites in August, and a third in L977 . 197 6 January The early work was largely experimental, and the ntruber be expected and identified was not known - and also differed ano ther . of species to from one river to Various syst,ems of fish specles codes were tri.ed out, and these tended to evolve differently in Cote dtlvolre and Ghana. Initially, each team calculated the mean coefficient of condiEion for the fish of each species/sex group with a value for standard devlation or standard error, (Table 33). These ldere not always filled in correctly on the forms, and as the original data hrere not sent to Geneva lt was not possible to check and correct the figures. t4L. At a meeting of the monitorlng teaos at 0uagadougou in January L977, it was decided Eo change the meEhod of operation - the raw data for each flsh would be recorded and sent to Geneva for processing on the neh, type of record forms and a final 4-figure standardisation of the fish speeies codes wduld be used. An interin form with grouped data and 4 figure fish codes rdas iseued (faUte :zr). Any subsequent changes in fish taxonomy would have to avoid changing the fish codes. Another problem related to flsh size because the coefficient was different with very sma1l or very large fish. Various different size rangbs were selected for Ehe common sites and species. The new codlng forms with raw daEa for each fish were used frou December 1976 and punched on WHO FILES 31, 33-35. The earlier punched data was nor, reconcilable with the new system, but for 2 sites in Cote drlvoire and 2 sites in Ghana the orlginal data were stll1 available and rdere transferred to the new coding forms. The reworked site 3 data were punched on WHO FILE 32 and site 4 on WHO FILE 30 while the first 3 months' Ghana records hrere revrorked onto WHO FILE 34. This gives 17 records for site 3 and 14 records for site 4 at 2-3 monthly intervals over 3 years in Cote'drlvoire. Site t has 22 records and site 11 has 19 records approximately montly over 2 years in Ghana. l,Jithout the old-format data for sites 1, 2,6 and 7 there are only 4-5 records for each of these sit.es covering L977, and 12 monthly records for site 12. Unfortunately site 4 and site 6 were not studied for invertebrates so there may be no abiotic data avallable for these sites. 42 t The flna 1 not identified, inc luded. form is given I for male, 2 1n for table 35. The sexes lrere always coded as O for female and 3 when both sexes are known Eo be 6:5 Fish Codes The establishment of taxonony of the fish of the Volta Basin is an extremely complex subject. Many reports from Dr. B. Roman and others exist and original codings were rapidly outdated. The current list is given in table 36 with some of the previous codes entered. Update programmes exist but have not been used here as the forms or methods changed in other vays, often making the data incompa tib 1e. 6:6 Ablotic data The only abiotic factor recorded for fish is current speed, in connection with Drift nets (s621). This infornation has hosever been recorded in only 17 out of 56 samples, including all 11 sets from Ghana. Fairly fu1l abiotic data sets are available for the Invertebrate sampling (5260) records. The fish were not, necessarlly coLlected at the ldentical location, but the 5620 records give a general idea of the situation at approxinately the same dates - state of the river; dtylflood, current, temperaEure, etc. Only sites 4 and 6 have no corresponding lnvertebrate and therefore no abiotic data. 6:7 Method/site Priorities The 5623 coefficient of condition information is a large data set covering 1o sites. Although much of the data to the end of L9?6 is not compatible, there are complete runs for sites 3 and 4 from September L974 at approxlmately 3 uonthly intervals. Early records have also been transcrtbed for sites 9 and 11 at monthly intervals from April L976. These sites have therefore been selected for initial ana lyses. t 43. The 5622 rper unit effortr lnformation does not appear to require much initial analysis. Therefore graphs of monthly variations of different size ranges have been carried out by hand for selected species at the four major sites. The 5621 drift sampling appears to have stopped and is rarely mentloned in annual reports. Therefore no handling of the small data set has been carried out at this time. 6:8 Corrections As the early types of form have not been used for reasons given before, the mistakes are normally punching errore. Tables 37 and 38 lllustrate original and corrected examples. Perhaps the majority of mistakes resulted from the use of decimals. For example, 14.5 would be punched as 145. These problems have been eased by the use of single figure columns on all the uoeE recent forms (".g. Table 39). Also an ext.ernal agency is now punching the data. The result is that the number of errors has fallen from an average of 35 per 1OOO lines to 3 per 1OO0 lines. A11 the 5622 and 5623 forms received have been checked and the latter correct,ed individually on a terminal. Other eorrections will be complete shortly. 7 . Other Sarop les Recording forms had been planned for phytoplankton and fish stomach contenEs. A forn 5624 was designed for the latter but no data have been submitted on th6e forms. Annual reports show, however, Ehat these methods have been used. 8. Trea tment Maps giving details of treatment are regularly the V.C.U. Letters, giving more precise information sent to H.S.M. Geneva from in relatlon to the sampling t 4t+, sites are also apparently sent to o.R.s.T.o.M. Bouak6 and Geneva. A form S52O COM was designed in June 1977, to key punch this informarion (?able 4O). The current data was transcribed at that time but not punched. The remaining inforuation has been copied at Geneva this year and the whole is shown in table 41. The details for February 1978 appear to be nissing. The earlier records usually give site, date, quantity applted, method of application and distance above site. Iater, the distance is not given. For sites other than the Cote drlvoire such letters were not found at Geneva but there are maps for october L977 to April 1978. This inforEation can be more difficuLt to extract. There is one letter on file concerning'treatment data for the White Volta during JuLy L977. Therefore ir nay be possible to obtain treatuent data for these other sites. I 45. DATA FILE LISTINGSTABIJ 24 s 621 s622 s623 s622 s623 s622 s623 rcc0 1 ICCO2 ICC03 ICCO4 ICCO5 ICCO6 ICCOl ICCO2 ICCO3 ICCO4 ICCO5 ICCO6 ICCOT ICCOl ICCO2 ICCO3 ICC04 ICC05 ICCO6 ICCOT ICCOB ICCO9 ICC08 ICC 10 TCCL2 ICC 14 WHO FILE WHO FILE WHO TILE 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 NEI^I FILE 111 records 33 4 6 L37 47 1145 338 88 249 46 694 501 250 136 36 6428 3050 s2 18 911 7 L99 3686 567 2263 133 lo27 57 columns 57 45 45 45 45 BO 79 79 79 79 79 79 L4 15 16 L7 18 19 20 2L 22 23 24 25 26 44 44 44 32 32 32 32 32 32 2 3 5 6 79 32 79 32 TABLE 25 46, FISH Drift netting S621 23 13 I SITES L974 S o N D 1975 J F M A M J J A S o N D L976 J F M A M J J A s o N D L977 J F M A M J J A s o N D L978 J F M A M J J A S o N D t21Ilo 16 10 18 26 16 16 25 2 209 2L L2 L4 24 7 19 L7 1630 2L L2 2 29 23 1815 7 4 8 6J6L245 2ls 13 23 L4 26 26 I47. FISH cil1 netting per unit Effort (PUE) 5622 ' TABLE 26 SITE L211942 L974 s o N D L975 J F M A M J J A S o N D L976 J F M A M J J ,A S o N D L977 J F M A l'1 J J A S o N D 1978 J F M A M J J A S 0 N D 25 L2 22 2 3 15 9 6 20 2A 4 5L2 2L 20 L4 13 8 7 29 L7 16 16 28 25 L7 L7 c9 2 27 22 I5 24 4 L2 29 30 22 L4526 24 .8267t L4 19 20 5 16 6 6 L22 @ro 3/ 3L 1 5 3 2/ 28 2 L2 3 1 11 L2 1 5 11 2 30 27 6 9 5 2 6 6 2 7 16 L7 €D 10 7 18 4 4 8 6 3 31 13 1 8 6 6 6 11 5 @1346 4 UM 7 6 9 1 18 @\ 7 -7-___* 2 1 23 table 27. ;I1* FISH COEFTICIENT OF CONDITION 5623 1"6 /77 t2116 48. 9 S a -)74 0N D J F M A M J 1',5 J A J o N D J r M A M Jt7J A S o N D J F M l8A M J ., A S o 'N D J F M A M .t) o J A 's o N D 12 223L ru25 ZO 14 6 o6o ZO 129 od 1.4r2 11 Jt 6 12 6 12 <nuf 7 2 1"0 b 4 3L 4 rs3 B/e 10 1 2 .) LB ,: 4 B o 2 16 o 1 13 24 5 17 6 15 15 12 13 21 5 13 21 7 5 ?l 23 20 LL ,9 2 L5 32 6 21 19 72 29 o 13 o 19 ?2 19 8 6 ?9 1 17 L5 L6 30 o o ,o 1 1 1 1El.) 21 28 13 3 15 17 ?l 26 18 16 17 29 26 22 28 12 2? 28 ? 6 23 15 23 20 25 28 VT 1f7;l- 13 ' slsl 1e 29 27 13 21 4 i7n1'l L3 a 5 10 6rc51 1 B 10 C o15 '5 ( 0 4 o t() Italics = daEa in new format TABLE 28 : Form used for recording of data sEarE of program. at ONCI.iOCEPCIASIS CC}iTROL PTiOGRAMI"IE. AQUATIC HDI.JITORII{q -RSH - DRIFT I\IET SAMPLES FORH: couHTRY: fi_l r- r gr.tRrlrtri .DA re i Tlr.{: SrP"?fED: ,uc'r 8rzg3 i t] s,rEi [[] [[:] tll a-de(DA*/ ) (iaclirrD (YsAe) fT-r_f ;r?, ffT]. I #lffi' fl,EL-l tu-31 (t. rrreqa PtBsH, a r SxALr- xr--rl) i [l ,.rr,r,u'"1 l-l 32-s t]] Ul [n Ex?;:o(say) (xorJ61; (YE a) Contn,",.t: SFCCI':.5 SAHPLG .f1 NA },,'ES TOTALS " ?E'F tlouR oF DprFl': h.13AN osz L .sArrF)LEgco.Dss i ruo. lr.rr-(a'cc..rl: 36 - 33 lAo-+?l A" - 4g itt?- 50. TABLE 29 : Interi-m form for fish drift net data. tdxo/ocP AQUATTC tl0Ntr0RlN6 - FISH -DRIFI NET SAHPIEs FrlRt"t! SITE t Isl6IZIII cou}'{TQy: tl t-s m rrrn larEi HHH c-Ls 316-o, fff-fl Tlr{rsrJofD I cunSE {TS'E3D : t+.21+ coHHElrrs; t rDtt cDlrrrtrrla, orttr A r3': trzc sPECtaS SAt,tPLE.A, SAI'tFLE \.fl ' rtEAX o, Z sAl'rpr-lr,sNAHAS c oDss Uo. wr. (tbc.C No. wr,(abct2h- a, n--a) ^1.? - ?f- tt- M-rt6 tha a abc -de TDIA LS: (nor PuNClttD) PER HoUR OF DRTFT: (r.e.) tTABLE 30. 51. STUi)Y S6: TNCIICCI.TIC I TS I S CO\TIi|jL PR.]GqA M",IE VTLTA A I VEA BA! II': R'CCPN DFS{:,q IPTIO\ FOF : AQIJAIIT f',lf.iNlTOalh'G - FISq nn,iFT r.lET SAqPLg Frlr.y s*0_2_1 tt,il Y \g l7 v Ati I ABL I NAi.1c ( v4l.t NAr',1! ) C1L S cnl)Es nrv4eKs I . S Tt'llY(SIUDY) 2. C OIJ NT RY {COUNTPY) 2 C trc)a J I r ((SIIF) 4. TJAT E(DATE) 5. T i ^4i ST ART: T](SIART) 6. T I !1T. E\DE D ( Er{D ) CUIiRTNT qP;tr0(SPFED) CLI^4MFNTS (COMHFIITS ) FiSH CODi'-(FISH) 7. B. 9. 2(t-?9 L-4 6-7 ,-t- 13 L4-t7 l8-21 2?-?4 25 s62t l=UPDFa V0LTA ' 2=YALi '3= IV,tri y CnASf , 4=GHA[,lA I 5=r'lG3r 6=REr,l INr 7= ".|I Gta r { 9=\4I S.S I rlc DA Tr ) ?l=LFa,ABA/Pn\T FR INTI ::at)2=C)14tElB^C .)E 6ANSF-O3=SANfAi.tAlf,JiAKA , O4= fl Ailn A "lA /MA R A B 4D 1 .1 S,S.\05=\ZilPf'NT RrE 0i DltslKAL. I 06=SA SSA \DRA /Pllt{T nF Sqr,iI =.\1 07=BAG,TUElKlUT0 3 I = \4AR A tttJc /DA\A \GCP rl 0e=WHl IF VOLTA/')TBOYA 10=,{HITF V0LTA/Yao51 Il=i"lTi/SABtRI 12=flLAtl K VILrA /BAUF ll 1l=cED VrLTA/PONT DF Pil 14=BLACK V0LTA /P'lue A 15=BL ACK VOLT\ /ECtROrlrl(99=UISSING DATA) DY rr40 Yq ( g9 | s=frI ssI r1lc DATA ) -r- (^,1/SEC){9.s=MISSING DArA} 3L A\K =l,l I C0 MutrNr S I=C1,1'4r,tEf.lTS I vnF Y a,-) / '-. -jv{rFY.,-ri? IV..laY r11'(-i I V^D Y C' ,' ',- I voF Y ('-1"'' r ivl:Y crti; IV'f,FY C'1T57 IV'laY Clic- GHA}]\ G F{ A f'lA CHnN,t GHAI.JA LJPoE0 VOL; " IJPPtrA V(]I *' uDptrQ vf.lL r. '{['auALLY l,-r NIIC,MALLY 2LC (IF LAR(;r" .''r Z r3 Ca,Dtr'') ) 3Fr,lt,s / .<ol f.,,' SrE LI ST t52. TABLE 30 - continued. !/1'1['L|: l.\. ,,.1 Lr MBFq ( f.,r1116 5 o I I. .N. I GHT( ,rl I GHT 5;11PLF LZ. \ji.yu3qq ( "luMBra 13. "li I Gtr-(n'IOHr '41 /.lr lF Z .S,tMpL=S: i4. 1,1 i 1\,1 l{,,,,rBa,l ( ,rtr_t u 3r p ; 15. ,,1 ("r^.^j k:rGHT(y.I IGHr) (Gtt'451 (GAA','1S) NtJtaflF E A'lD Ir" sAr.,lpLc(. iir IGtIT ,; FISH _r ) ''F S Al.iPL ri _A ) IF i:ISI] *B) 1c i/'"1PLl. _3) BL A \(= tA f,lP L a l E'r l-l ='.J t'l F I S Ii rJfJT ?{K:N, (AiJC"JI. \INq [4A L LY T HNDF'I FT NFTS T]FI.5 t,lY MESH NNT PIJ\ICH[JD r] I1 crMprJTcF CTLCI.JI ATTD D I TTI. 3A-j2 13-.r7 3E-40 4L-45 ( /+6- 50 ) (51-56) (,ll'tvcl o) F oF 53. TABLE3O. - Form used for July 1976. daEa recording before -lr ;l -l .t islllri fil 0, , t, r o d a Fr. I (1 ll E E o trl ,lrt ul NIrl 0 d U ..4 0! U t r ,J o z U a; o(: F \j I u tI h$l t-rg 'U] U ii U .o iI ,t- I Y o2 d .o$ (\ ilrlr lolrl< E T oft l-! L,; 3 U d g l.i I c{{ o 2 q U Y I i r o{ l-I t5 6) v U U! il I Tl( o U ; .D ril i9 I{ n o u,(, rtlL o, q ul a o U (n${ I t{ L4 lr, E{ z l:' ol.'\ 3< iln 9,F2 LIffo U .ittt* t "r{ go fEI r-t€\I tt: trs l'-"laHi[_lv i;t- A It zo lu r-r?LJ6Ll3 n? EJ E3 trt F A(, z tr oafn kt t- 6 u iq $- z,!t H @ ; &' & trJ5d I(r) LlJt o-x t4 [- trJ -, -J -J .J I E({) Lf9r ?2rr-aO< rr, (f,ur-o' ->ar5 o2- (JF =>Gt f.r utt o u E J o Ez oU s4. _TABLE 32 - Modified form for gill net sampling. o b,t rJtf A t- o & (/) J t- o t- 55. First form for of fish. coefficienE of condition ONCHDCERCIASIS CONTROL P'(OGRAI{ME AguATrC HoNtroRlNG - Fl.sH -CoEFFICIENT 0F C0NDlrloN cour{trY : sfA(rrNqDffir m [n tI r-te It A.r, CDlrt'rElEl, errae A t{t : CANGg ld.Ar. co[Fr. crNFlOarCI f ixrlSs PgclES 56. TABLE 34 - Interim form coe f fi cien t used for fish of condition. AOUATIC }lONITORING . FISH - COEFFICIENT OF CONDITION f[ tI fI] r-te lF Allt CDxPrltJlS, lxtER A tl,r i cclr;rDEr.lcE urxitss Pgc,tES t ,rol J ocr trrr5t . too 57.. t TABLE 35 - Final form for of condition fish coefficient -*",.[SlelZi5l cor.nrrev; QHt+N11 EI ",'=, !akl"'-+.ll,,'go'a [Z-]'I n-= (D}q'r) ('roil'lr.r4s1ina l;f+l ENo-t^rq l.6f5-l.DATE: E;il c?r,?.,i$ fl r-"o stgCi ilAHla 6cr ltl{qnr wgrc}l'r GFT COCFF.o, cano. nt HtAN CT'E FF. c.r. r?Ec.t4l xrlcotr E tr},f vBrsllrClvt C4EF?,OF co{DrrN s.E. rtEANco€FF. c.r. sPsoes c ocrE ra{ 5T} l,l H t{Srqltr a-a coEFAoa. clrfl|t25-ZZ J.E. Pr(aNco€PF. c.r.s.E. s8. (l TABLE 36. AQIJATiC I{ONITORING FlSH CODES, GENUS AND SPECiES : ARRANGED IN NUHERICAL ORDER HH0/ {lc P PART I 01 00 0101 02 00 020 I 0202 0203 0204 0205 030 c 03 01 040 0 040 1 c5 00 0501 0600 160 t 0602 07 00 0701 08 00 0B 01 09 00 09 01)9)2 0903 I000 1C01 1002 i 003 I0 04 10 05 10 06 I 007 1100 11C1 1102 1 103 1104 I 105 1i06 1107 1 108 1 109 1110 PROIOPTERIJS PROTOPT ERUS POLYPTERiJS POLYPTFRUS POLYPIERIJS POLYPTERUS PNLYPTERUS POLYPTERL'S XEI'IOMYSTUS xFN0r4YSTUS HETFRT]TIS HETER OT I S PAPYRI]CRANUS P APYR OC E ANUS P EL L ONULA PFLLONULA PELLONULA CF.O\,I ER I A CRCMER I A HYPFR.OP IS US HYPIFOPiSUS MOFMYFUS 1.,10p !tY R.U s HfRMYqJS MOFIIYR,i'S MC}R.MY FOPS HNRMY FOPS iY0Rt4Y ROPS MoFMYR0PS MOR T,iY R 1P S ..MORUYR3PS I.4ORMYROPS 14ORHY RO PS GI',IATHIJNEMUS GNATi.IONEMUS GNATHONEMUS GNAT HON EM US GNATHONFMT'S GNATHONEMUS GNA TH ON EI.1US GNATHONEMUS GNAIHI]NEMUS GNA THON ET,IUS GNATHON EI"IUS SPEC I E S I,IOT DETE RHI NED OR OUTS I DE L I ST ANNECTENS STOO SPEC I ES NOT DETERMINED OR OUTSIDE L I ST 57o3 SENEGALUS BICHIR 57OI ENDLICHERI RETROPINNiS P ALHA S SPECIFS NOT DEIERMINED OR OUTSIDE LIST NIGR.I SPECIES NOT DFTERMINED I]R OUTSIDE LIST O1OINILOTICUS SPEC IES NOT DETERHINED .OR OUTSIDE L I ST OIOI A F ER IOOOSPFCIES NOT DETERMINED OR OUTSIDE LIST MIRI toot AFZELIUZII SPECIES NOT DETEFI'IINED OR OUTSIDE LIST NILOTICA SPECiES NOT DETERI{IT'IED OR OUTSIDE LIST o+ot B EBE o:oo SPEC I E S NOT DETERMI NED 0R OUTS I DE L I ST OSOI RUME O5O2 HASSE LQUI SI I OSOA I{ACROPHTHALI{US o6ooSP-CIES N0T DETERHiNED 0R 0UTSIDE L IST i]OUGOURIBAFNSiS o6ozDELIC IOSUS AI'IGUILLOIDES OUDO T I F LDNGA TUS CUR.ViCEPS o6or LONGICFPS SPFCIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE LiST T AI4ANDUA oeo1PICTUS OBII FURC IDENS oglo SEf.IEGALENSi S OTI2.BRUYERE I NIGER CYPRiNIOIDES O 308 DFBOE NS I S USSHERI ABADi I *12 00 1201 t202 l2a7 L204 1205 i30? 1301 1302 13 03 13 04 1305 13 06 I307 14 00 140 1 I5 00 1501 I6 00 16 01 16 02 I 603 L6D4 I 605 t 700 1701 t7 02 1703 i7 04 1705 l7 05 1707 17 08 17 D9 1710 1711 L7 t2 IBOO , 801 1802 I 803 18 04 1805 1806 19 00 1901 2000 2001 21 00 2101 2?OO 2201 zSao 2301 PETE"OCEPHALTJS PFTPi]CEPHALUS PETFOCEPHALUS PETFCICFPHALUS P ETRCCEPHALUS PETR.OCEPHALUS I.,lAP.CUSENIUS HARCUSENIUS qAPCUSENI US }IARCUSENIUS 14ARCUSENiUS MAFCUSENIUS MAPCUSENi US 14AR C,U S EN I US GYUI,IAC.CHLJS GY"!NARCHIJ S HFPSET!JS HFP S E TtJS HYDA OCYO\ HYt)F n CY0N HYNR O CYON HYDF TICYON HYNF'O CYON HYDF O C YON ALESIES ALEST ES ALESIFS ALFSTES ALESI ES ALFSTES ALESTES ALFSTES ALESTES ALESIES AL EST ES ALFSTES ALESTES MICNALESIES I"lICF,ALESTES H iCF AL EST ES MICFALESIES MICFALESTES HICFALESTES HICR.AL E5I ES PHTNACOGR.AVHUS P HE I!A CO GR AMHU S RHABDALESTES RHABDAL ES TES HEI\,! I GR, AI.lLI OP ET ER S I US HTMIGRAMMT}PETERSIUS I CHTYOBORUS I CHTY OBOF, US NFNLEBIAS NTOL E BI AS 59. OTOO SPEC I ES NOT DETERHINED BANF PELLEGRINI o7o+8OVE I oToSSIMUS AI'INEC TENS SPEC I FS NOT DETERMINED PSITTACUS BRACHYI STIUS BUDGE TT I oEo+ HAR,R I NGT0NI i S IDrJR I LHUYSI O8I7 PETRICOLUS SPEC I ES NOT DETE RMI NED NILOTICUS I2oo SPECiES NOT DETERI'IINED tLot 0D0E SPECIES NOT DETERHINED I5O2BREVI S CUVIER S O HON iJRUH tsol pgpSKAHL I I G?ot l INEATUS r4oo sPEC IES NOT DETERHINED 1402. DENTE X t+or E AR E t40Z E l+lt t4to l+01 l+06 t4o.+ t+os NIGR.ILINEATUS I.IACROLEP I DOTUS RUTILUS I MBER.I CHAPERI LONGiPiNNIS N UR.S E BREVi S LEUCiSCUS & LUTEUS BlUBONI SPEC I ES NOT DETE RHI NED ACL,,TIDENS E LONGATUS EBURNEENSIS OCC iDENTALI S COHOENSIS VOLTAE SPEC I ES NOT DETERHI NED PABRENSIS SPEC i ES NOT DETERMi NED L OENNBERG T S PEC I E S NOT DETE RMI NED I NTERMED i US SPEC I E S NOT DETE RHI NED BESSE SPEC IES NOT T]ETERI.IINED UNIFASCIATUS OF. OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR I'}L'TSiDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OIJTSIDE L IST OR OUISIDE LIST OR OUTSTDE LISl OR OUTSIDE LISI OR OUTSIDE LISJ OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUISIDE LIST 60. r; ?400 24AL 2402 2403 2500 250t ?502 26 00 260 1 27 00 27 0L 27 0? 27 03 27 04 27 A5 2706 27 07 2B 00 280 i 2802 2B03 rB04 29X) 290 I 3000 30 01 300 2 3003 30 04 3005 3006 300 7 30 08 3009 3100 3101 ?z oo 3201 3202 3?03 3204 3205 3206 3207 3208 3209)2L0 32ll 72t2 32t3 1?74 32L5 3216 DISIICHODUS DISTICHODUS DISTICHODUS DISTICHODUS PARADISTICHODUS PAF.IDISTICHODUS PAR AD ISTi CHODUS HEM IGR AMMOCHA RAX HFI'li GRA H"IOCHA RAX NANNO CHAR AX NA\NOCHAR AX NANNO CHAR AX I\ANN?CHARAX NA\NOCHAR AX NANNOCHAR AX NANNOCHAR AX NANNOCHAR AX THARINUS THAR I NU S TIIARINUS THARINUS THARINUS SPECIES NOT DETERI.IiNED OR OUTSIDE BRFVIPINNIS rqor R0STRATUS E f\rGYC E PHALUS 2oooSPECIES NOT DETERT'IINED OR OUTSIDE DII'lIDIATUS ELEGANS SPECIES NOT DETERHINEO OR OUTSIDE POLLi SPECiES NOT DETERHINEO OR OUTSIDE A I"ISORGE I SEYBOLD I GOBIOIDES 22ot F ASC IATUS 21o+ OCCIDENTALI S L I NEOHACULATUS N ILOT ICUS SPECIES NOT DETERMINED OR OI.,TSIDE C iTHARUS LATUS I?O4DISTICHODOIDES ttor 68URNEENSIS LIST L I ST L I ST LIST C, C c c L ITHARIDIT'U ITHARIDIUq CI CI LABEO LABFO LABEO LABFO LABEO LABFO L AB FC) L ABFII LABEO LAR EO GARPA GARR A BARBUS BAR BUS BAR BU S BAF.flUS BAF BU S BAR BU S BAR BU S BARBUS BAR BU S BARP.US BARBUS BAF BU S BAR BU S BAR BU S BARBIJS BARBUS BAR BU S L I ST SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE L IST ANSORGFI z7ooSPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE LIST +8o2,27or SENFGALENSI S D JOURAE LJ02-CUB I E ZJoV P SEUDOCUBI E Z)o\ ? ARVUS z-Io5 C HAR I ENSI S LERENSI S ERAC H Y POIIA TIBESTI SPFCiES NOT DETERMINED OR OUTSIDE LIST hJATER.LOTI zsoo SPECIES NOT DETERI{INED 0R oUTSIDE L IST OCC IDENTALi S CALLIPTERUS Ls tq HAL Dq,0N I C HLt]ROTAENi A SPURELLI FBURi.IEENSIS TRISPILUS TRISPILOPLEURA LEPIDUS HACROPS ABLABES PAFABLABES HYPSOLEP I S BOBO I ZALBIENSIS B AUDON I t 32 L7 32 L8 32L9 3220 322L 3222 7223 3224 1225 3226 3?27 32?B 3229 3231 323L 3232 3233 3234 3235 3236 33 00 33 0l 3400 3Lol 3402 7403 3404 3+O5 3406 3500 3501 15A? 36 00 360 1 3602 36 03 3604 3605 3606 7607 3608 3609 3G tO 3700 31 0L 31 02 37 03 3B 00 3801 39 00 39 01 39 02 3903 4000 400 I 41 00 410I BAREUS BARBUS BAP 8US BAF.BUS BAR BU S BAR BU S BAR BU S BAF BU S 'BARB.US BARBLIS BAR BU S BAR BU S BAREUS BAe g,g 5 BARBUS BAR BU S BARBUS BARBUS BAFBUS BAR 8U S VARICORHINUS VAF.ICORHINUS BARIL IUS BARIL IUS BAR IL IUS BARIL IUS BAP IL I,JS BARILIJS BARILIUS CHELAETHIOPS CHFLA ETHIOPS CHELAETHIOPS CLAF I AS CLAR,I AS CLAFIAS CLAF I AS CLAs I AS CLAR i AS CLAR I AS CLARIAS CLARI AS CL^R I AS CL AR.IA5 HETEROBRANCHUS HFTEROBRANCHUS HETTROBRANCHUS HITER.OBRANCHUS SCHILBE SCHILBE FUIROPIUS FUTR.OPIUS EUTROP I US EUTF,OP TUS SILURANC}DI]}I S ILURANODON IRViN EIA IRVINEIA PER INCE 61. SUBINENSIS WERNE R I LAI,IRAE KAROUALENSIS NIGFRIENSIS VCLTA E HOLASI A TAKORENSI S I4ACINENSIS hALKE R I PUNCTITAENIATUS SUBLINEATUS GOURMAN S I S BAHKUE NS I S KISSIENSiS POBEGUINI A NEHA LEONENSIS STIGi4ATOPYGUS SPECIES NOT DETERI.IINED L6or YIUR.TZ I SPECIES NOT DETERMINED NILOTICUS LCIATI CLor, zcpt SENEGALENSI S MACRO STOHA SILEX NIGER. IENSIS SPECIES NOT DETERMINED E LONGA TUS BREVIANALiS 4qoo SPECIES NoT DETERHINED VANDENHOUTE I EBRIENSIS 44OL SENEGALENSI S L IBEF IENSI S ANGUI LLARI S L AZERA PIETSCHI,!ANNI SUBHARGINAIUS LAEV ICEPS . LflMOTTEI .434o SPECiES NOT DETERITINED BIDORSALIS 4SoTLCNGIFILIS faoz I SOP TER US 75OO SPECiES NOT DETERMINED 3to( MYSTUS SPFC I E S NOT DFTE RHI NED 36oz NILOTICUS 56or HENTAL I S N IC ROPSGON SPFCIES NOI DETERHINED AURITUS SPEC I ES NOT DETERI,.tI NED VOLTAE OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE L iST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE LIST I]R OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE L IST 42OO PHYSA IL IA 42OI PHYS A IL iA C 43oo ARITJS 43OI APIUS , 4302 ARIUS 44OJ BAGRUS 44OI BAGRUS 4402 BAGPUS +4C3 BAGRUS 45OO CHRYS ICHTHYS 45 O1 C HRY S iC HT HYS45O2 CHRYSICHTHYS 4503 CHnys IcHTHYS4504 C,HRYSICHTHYS 45O5 CHRYS ICHTHYS 46OO CLAROTES 4601 CLARCITES 460? CLAROTES 47OO LEPTOGL AN IS 4701 LEPTOGLAN IS +800 ANDERSONI A 48]1 ANDERSONIA 49OO AUC HFNOGL AN IS49OI AUCHENOGL ANIS49C2 AUCHFNOGL ANIS 62'. SPFCIES NOT DETERMiNED J3oI PELLUC IDA SPEC IFS NOT DETERHINED GAHBIE\SIS GIGAS 3zooS PEC I E S NOT DETE R Mi NFD 32o2$!Y4P DOC HA C F ILAI,IENTOSIJS 2.1OOSPFC tFS NOT DETERMINED Llola URA T US 2alo3NI I GR0D I G I TA TUS 2qO2VELiFER 2105 FURCATt,S 21ot |.||ALKER I 3ooo SPEC IES NOT DETERHINED 0R 3ool LATICEpS I.IACROCEPHALUS SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR CAHERUI,IENSi S SPEC IES NOT DETERI.IINED OR L E PTURA OP. OUTSIDE LIST OR OUTSIDE L IST OR OUTSIDE LIST OP OUTSIDE LIST OUTS IDE L IST OUTSIDE LIST OUTSIDE L IST 5OOO AMPHI L IUS5OOI AMPHILIUS 5002. A^4PHI L IUS 5 1 OO PHR AC TURA 51C1 PHRACTUR.A 52OO BRACHYSYNODONTIS 52OL BF,ACHYSYNODONTIS 53OO HEM I SYNODONTI S5301 HEI"lISYNODONTIS SPECIES NOT DETERilINED OR OUTSIDE LIST3IOIOCCIDENTALI S BISCUTATUS SPFCiFS NOT DETERT4INED OR OUTSIDE LIST ATESUEI..ISIS GRAI'II{A TOPHORUS SPECIFS IJUT DETERUINED OR OUTSIDE LIST C LAUSEN I SPEC I ES NOT DETERHI NED BATENSODA SPECIES NOT DETERHINED 36ot l'IEMBF,ANACEUS OR OUTSIDE L iST OR OUTSIOE L IST S PEC I E S NOT DETERMI NED OR OUTS I DE L IST 3Eo4BUDGETTI RESUPINATUS 36oIC LAR IAS 3rosSOREX VOLTA E 3gt+ EUpTERUS SSIz F ILAMENTOSUS aEo6 V IoLACEUS 38 I oN IGR I TA VERMICULATUS 38ol0cELLtFER 3'OSPUNCTIFER VEL IFER 38ot scHALl- ]8o7 GAMB I Fr.l S I S 3EI2 EAST IAN I 54 00 5401 5402 5403 5404 5405 54 C6 5407 54 08 54 09 541 0 541 I 5412 54t3 54L4 54 15 5+L6 SYNODONT I S SYNODONT I S SYNODONT I S SYNOOONIIS SYNODOFTT I S SYNODONT I S SYNODO^TT I S SYNODOI"I T I S SYNCDONTI S SYNODON T I S SYN]DONT I S SYNODONT I S SYNODONT I S SYNODOT.JT I S SYNODONTIS SYNCIDOtITIS SYNODONT I S 63. lt 5417 SYNCDONT I S5418 SYNODONTIS 5419 SYr,loD0NT IS 5420 SYNCDONT i S 542L SYNODONT I S 542? SYNODONT I S 5423 SYNODONT i S 55OO HOCHOKUS 5501 HOCHOKUS 56OO CI{I L OGL AN IS 5601 CHILOGLANIS 5602 CHILsGLANIS 5603 CHILOGLANIS 5604 CHILSGLANIS 5605 CHI L OGL AN I S 5606 CHILOGLAN IS 57OO MALAPTERURUS 5701 MALAPTERUCUS 58OO APHYI]SEUION 5BO1 APHYOSEHICIN 5BO2 APHYOSEMION 5 803 APHYOS EMI ON -d04 APHYS S EH I ON 58 O5 APHYO SEfl I ON 58 )6 APHYC SE},t ION 59OO FPIPL ATYS 5901 EPIPL ATYS 5902 EPIPLATYS 5903 EPI PL ATYS 5904 EPI PL ATYS 5905 FP I PL ATYS 6OOO APLOCHEiL ICHTHYS 6OO1 APLOCHE IL ICHTHYS 6002 APLOCHEIL ICHTHYS 6OO3 APLOCHEIL ICHTHYS 6)04 APLOCHE IL ICHT HYS 6005 APLOCHEIL ICHTHYS 6006 APLCCHSiL ICHTHYS 61OO HEI'IICHROMIS 61O1 I{FHICHROXIS 6I 02 HEi4I C hROq I S 62 OO TYL CC HROTI I S 6201 TYLOC HROI.'I I5 63OO HAPLOCHROT4IS 6301 HAPLOCHRN}tI S 64OO PELI,IATOCHROi,iIS 6401 PELI-lATOCIlROM I S 6402 PFLMATOCHROM I S COURTETI 38II EBURNEEI.ISIS ARNOUL T I KOENSIS GOBRON T OBESUS C OMOENS I S SPEC I E S NOT DETE RMI NED OR OUTS IOE L I ST N ILOT ICUS SPEC IES I\'IOT DFTERMINED OR OUTSiDE LI ST N ILCT ICIJS NOFHANI BENUENSIS M ICROPNGON VOLTAE OCCIDENTALIS SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE L IST 41-ot F LFCTRICUS SPFCIFS NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE L IST dALKE R I FALLA X SPTJRELL I PETERSI I GUINEENSE L IBER I ENSE SPECIES NOT DTTERMINED OR I]UTSIDE LIST FA SC I OLA TUS SENEGALENSI S DAGE T I BIFASCIATUS CHAPEF I SPEC I E S NOT DE TE RMI NED OF. OUTS I DE L I ST NOF MAN I SPILAUCHF.N P FAFF I OCC IDENTALI S MACRU RU S F ANCUREL I SPECIES NOT DETERPIINED OR OUTSIDE LIST 4qO2BIHACULATUS 4qoI FASC I ATUS SPFC I F S NOT DETERHI NED OR JENTINKI SPECIES NOT DFTERMI^IED OR ,{INGATI SoooSPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR Soot GUNTHER. I ARNOLDI OUTSiDE L IST OUTSIDE LIST OUTSIDE L IST rl 65 00 65 0I 6502 65 03 65 04 65C5 65 06 6507 6508 6509 6510 6511 65t2 65 13 65i4 65I5 66 00 66 0I 67 00 670 I 6B O0 68 01 6910 69 0I 6e02 69 03 70 00 7001' 7100 7101 7200 720L 73 00 7301 7302 7341 7304 7305 740 0 740 I BBSB 9999 TILAPIA TILAPIA TILAPIA TILIPiA TILAPIA TILI.PIA TILAPIA TILAPIA rto1, TILAPIA TiLAPIA TILAPIA TILAPiA TILAPIA TILAP IA TILAPIA TILAPIA GOEIi]CICHLA GOBIOCICHLA LEPTOTILAPIA LEPTOT ILAP I A LATES LATFS CTENO P II.{A CTENOPOMA CTENOPOMA C TF NO POi,IA KRI BI A KRIBIA GOBIUS GOBIUS PAR,NP H I OC EP HALUS PAFOPHIOCEPHALUS HASTAC EHB ELUS MASTAC,EHBELUS MASTACEI'IBELUS MASTACEHBELUS HASTACEMBELUS MAS T AC EMB ELUS TETP AODON T ETR AO DON NCJN F ISH FISH 6ta,63oo ANY 64o,6soo 11oo,6ooo K I ND G 2oo SIOO SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE LIST Slol GAL ILAEA BREV i MANUS 5ro,f. 11ILgTICA OISCOLOR MONOD I BU SUM A\ A 5IO} I'lELANOPLEURA E ZILLII GUINEENSI S NIGRIPINT'IIS LEMASSONI HEUDE LOTi H/1FIAE I,IACROCHIR MULTIRADIATA TOURNIERi SPFCIES N0T iIETERMINED 0R. OUTSIDE LIST !.ICIIDE R I SPEC IFS NiIT DFTFRI'4INED OR OUTSIDE L IST IRVINEI SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR OUTSIDE LIST 460t N IL0T ICUS 53oo SPECIES NOT DETERHINED 0R OUTSIDE LIST 5}OI K I NGSLEYAE PETERICI MURIE I SPEC IF S NOT DETERHI NED OR OUTSIDE L IST NANA SPECIES I'IOT DETERMINED OR OUTSIDE LIST GUI NE ENS I S SPECIES NOT DETERHINED OR IIUTSIDE LIST 5+oI OBSCURUS 56o0 SPECIES NOT DETERT{INED OR OUTSIDE LIST L IBERIENSIS REIICULATUS 56or N IGR0MARGINATUS FLAVO''lARGINATUS LOENNBERG I I SPECIES NOT DETERMINFD OR OUTSIDE LIST I lol FAHAKA K I i.lD NOT DE TERHI NED OR OUTSI DE L I ST 65. 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I\_ I\- :- c f_ - -- a- C' r f f - f f rf -f r - f f f r f rr _ r- -+b- t LJ J i! or ; F LuE3(J Cl a tn cr) o 'r'{ trr OJ o$ 0{ .,-{ U (_) OJ t{k o Q il f, El eTABLE 39 . Form using single figure outlay reduce punching errors. Eo -ttxo/ocP AQUATIC MONITORING - FISH - COEFFICIENT OF sracringD^rr: ifiil. Peq'e ,. . oF... . CONDrrroN lJ-l n-* c?r,?',iliI t-"o cgrthENils: tPE Cr gS xI, Lelrr q hM t! vBaqftrar{ coeFF.OF ool{Dl rNz.9-sz ,gcrtJ oc, E EN qrl Hn{ w-rGHr'C.7l @et€.Or. cardlt\z9 -32 rPtcfes i,€HqirNH hrEl q{r Gh cre?r.o,3_ acHO.,,z3 -32 S.E iTEANeoeFF c.:E,s.E rtEANCO€FF c.r. J.E. ..,rgaNco€PF- c.r. t68. |} t Ati' I 0o rb s sb .i I t$) O; rE 1: { n TABLE 40 . Form for recording treaEment data. f:r I r.-1fullol lc.tl Irol ,,-<n) h ul t-- 6 g tllz F2 HFt LrJvF 3 v I 5 6ZoF =oE .9 t-- 3 al ,a oG o = url .ql .6 1 El+ frlsal :l o a a t a o I a a a D O a ) D D a u 0 Ir l- s(I F I ia u oI rf q d rI ldb o g o ro II h r{ I o i a t t a t t a t I a a a t i a t 6e.TREAIUM{T DATA AVAITABLE ON 5620 COM 7 III I^Ies t TABLE 41 SITES PHASE a IVIV 3 4 4 52 44 5544 44 44 44 55 44 4 33 44 44 45 44 55 44 44 44 44 55 44 44 55 44 44 55 44 55 44 44 55 44 44 44 35 44 44 55 44 35 44 L4 55 44 24 L975 J F3 M3 A5 M4 J4 J5 A4 s4 o4 N4 D5 L976 J 4 F4M5A4 M5 J5J4A5 S4 04 N5D4 L977 J 4F4 M5A4 M4J5 J4A5 S4 o4 N5 D4 1978 J 4 F M5A4 M4J5J4A3 S5 o5 N4 D L979 J F M A M 3 2 4 4 5 4 4 3 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 555 4444s3s s444444444 s555444444444r55s5444444 1 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 3 4 5 4ch1. 4ch1. 5 Numbers = treatments per month le T, t I I I I l- T" t I I I t t T I a I t