World Health Organization (WHO) · Technical Documents

Polio Bulletin - 2015, Issue no. 11 (Week 23)

June 8, 2015 World Health Organization

The full text is hosted by the publishing organisation. lawenc.com indexes the metadata and links to the official source.

Full text

2015 Issue No. 11 - Week 23 (as of 8 June 2015) HIGHLIGHTS Independent Monitoring Board (IMB) of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative 11th report: May 2015 The 11th IMB report acknowledges that over recent years, the global polio eradication programme has been constantly improving its performance leading to significant achievements. Since August 2014, the wild polio virus has been detected in just two countries, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Nigeria has not had a case since July 2014. The three recent regional outbreaks – in the Middle East, the Horn of Africa, and Central Africa – have been quiescent since that time. Although the current sense of optimism has some real basis to it, it is well recognized that security, operational and political problems can suddenly arise, disrupting the programme’s progress and resulting in resurgence of polio cases in already polio free countries (polio outbreak in Tajikistan in 2010). The report urges the global polio eradication programme to embrace, with determination and passion, the culture and methods of quality improvement. The IMB has made a series of recommendations intended to catalyse the further changes that are required. Full report with detailed recommendations is available at: http://www.polioeradication.org. 3.0

Polio Bulletin

Chart 1. Non-polio AFP rate (per 100 000 persons < 15 years of age), 2013–2015* 100%

Chart 2. Adequate specimen collection rate, 2013–2015

2.5

80%

2.0 60%

1.5 40%

1.0 20%

0.5

0.0 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15

0% 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15

* AFP rate annualized as of week 23

Chart 3. Percentage of reported AFP cases by number of polio vaccination doses, 2015 100%

Chart 4. Percentage of reported AFP cases with pending classification > 90 days after onset, 2015 CHN 13.8% 25.0% 0.0% 1.9% 35.4% 11.1% 10.9% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

80%

KHM LAO MYS

60%

40%

PHL PNG VNM

CONTACT US Expanded Programme on Immunization Regional Office for the Western Pacific World Health Organization P.O. Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines Phone: +63 2 5288001 Fax: +63 2 5211036, 5260279 Email: WPR_EPIdata@wpro.who.int Web: www.wpro.who.int/immunization

20%

0% CHN KHM LAO MYS 1-2 doses

PHL 0 doses

PNG Unknown

VNM

≥ 3 doses

Note: Priority countries were selected for the charts. Official WHO acronyms have been used for abbreviation: CHN (China), KHM (Cambodia), LAO (Lao People’s Democratic Republic), MYS (Malaysia), PHL (Philippines), PNG (Papua New Guinea), and VNM (Viet Nam).

Table 1A. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key surveillance indicators 2013 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate % % with % with investigated 60-day adequate 2 days of ≤ 4 specimens 2 3 follow-up notification ≥ 80% ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date 5 Days since last report 6

2014 Indicators

Poliocompatible

Discarded (Non-polio)

Total

> 90 days 1 # (%)

≥1

≤ 30

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam Pacific island countries and areas Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

62 1 73 5623 12 1 0 48 155 7 12 18 277 84 7 459 8 6847

44 1 46 2225 8 1 167 25 77 8 9 30 378 72 6 231 10 3338

60 4 72 5758 19 1 0 28 161 9 8 12 274 88 8 361 15 6878

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

58 4 72 5756 19 1 28 161 9 8 12 270 88 8 361 10 6865

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 5 8

0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 3 (1.1%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 5 (33.3%) 8 (0.1%) Green Yellow Red

1.36 4.00 1.57 2.59 2.38 1.00 1.12 2.09 1.13 0.89 0.40 0.72 1.22 1.33 1.56 1.50 2.06

50% 75% 96% 92% 89% 0% 57% 73% 89% 38% 33% 60% 86% 75% 97% 67% 90%

83% 100% 93% 100% 100% 100% 93% 87% 100% 100% 75% 97% 98% 88% 93% 93% 99%

0% 100% 100% 96% 100% 100% 83% 100% 100% 80% 0% 6% 100% 100% 100% 80% 77%

07-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 14-May-15 13-May-15 05-Mar-15 13-Jan-15 27-Apr-15 10-Mar-15 05-Mar-15 11-Mar-15 07-Apr-15 11-May-15 16-Feb-15 07-Jan-15 14-Apr-15 23-Mar-15

28 77

Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Percentage of reported cases with inadequate specimens for which the 60-day follow-up evaluation has been completed Report date is fixed as soon as all cases for the year have been classified Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO

Reached or surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 for non-polio AFP rate; 60–79% for other indicators Substantially below target

Polio Bulletin

Table 1B. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key surveillance indicators 2014 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate 2 % % with % with investigated adequate 60-day 2 days of ≤ 5 specimens 3 4 follow-up notification ≥ 80% ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date Days since last report 6

2015 Indicators

Poliocompatible

Discarded (Non-polio)

Total

> 90 days 1 # (%)

≥1

≤ 30

60 4 72 5758 19 1 0 28 161 9 8 12 274 88 8 361 15 6878

44 1 46 2234 8 1 163 26 77 9 9 34 387 70 6 231 10 3356

13 1 16 1723 6 1 0 9 52 4 1 9 127 26 3 46 0 2037

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 1 0 802 5 0 6 35 3 0 6 0 23 3 2 892

7 0 16 921 1 1 3 17 1 1 3 127 3 0 44 1145

0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 4 (25.0%) 238 (13.8%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (1.9%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (11.1%) 45 (35.4%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 5 (10.9%) 294 (14.4%) Green Yellow Red

0.67 2.26 0.79 1.74 1.70 2.26 0.78 1.53 1.00 0.25 0.60 0.74 0.84 1.13 0.45 1.37

8% 100% 100% 93% 83% 100% 78% 88% 100% 100% 56% 54% 85% 100% 96% 90%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 89% 63% 100% 100% 78% 97% 100% 100% 96% 98%

0% 71% 100% 50% 50% 0% 7% 100% 0% 47%

19-May-15 15-Apr-15 30-May-15 03-Jun-15 06-May-15 15-May-15 18-May-15 18-May-15 08-Jun-15 28-Apr-15 07-May-15 11-May-15 19-May-15 08-Jun-15 14-Apr-15 11-May-15

20 54 9 5 33 24 21 21 0 41 32 28 20 0 55 28

Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Annualized non-polio AFP rate per 100 000 population under 15 years of age Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Percentage of reported cases with inadequate specimens for which the 60-day follow-up evaluation has been completed Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO

Reached or surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 for non-polio AFP rate; 60–79% for other indicators Substantially below target

Polio Bulletin

Table 2A. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country National polio laboratory Total no. of AFP L20B cases with specimens positive L20B positive + NPEV NPEV only Pending Negative ≤ 14 days % % results Latest Pending reported specimens report date positive > 14 2 ≤ 14 days for NPEV days ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ Sequencing lab 1 No. of isolates received Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Type 3 Sabin VDPV Wild Sabin VDPV NPEV 3

Pending ITD

% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 pending days of sequencing receipt ≥ 80%

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Anhui China, Beijing China, Fujian China, Gansu China, Guangdong China, Guangxi China, Hebei China, Heilongjiang China, Henan China, Hunan China, Jiangsu China, Jiangxi China, Jilin China, Shaanxi China, Shandong China, Shanghai China, Shanxi China, Sichuan China, Tianjin China, Xinjiang China, Yunnan China, Zhejiang China, Chongqing China, Guizhou China, Hainan China, Hubei China, Liaoning China, Neimongol China, Ningxia China, Qinghai China, Tibet China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam (North) Viet Nam (South) Pacific island countries and areas Total

VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR PHI IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

45 2 73 5694 334 41 213 121 354 278 332 150 535 267 319 190 54 95 397 29 205 411 27 98 267 189 73 206 43 186 137 88 31 21 3 19 0 0 25 164 9 5 10 342 88 8 216 136 12 6848

0 0 5 112 20 1 2 0 4 6 11 2 4 4 18 2 1 1 5 2 4 4 0 1 11 2 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 123

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3

2 0 12 588 26 0 27 8 47 57 37 7 61 37 3 27 7 2 39 0 2 42 3 5 39 20 14 23 7 23 18 3 0 4 0 4 5 4 1 1 4 13 8 0 30 16 1 689

43 2 56 4993 288 40 184 113 303 215 283 141 470 226 298 161 46 92 353 27 199 365 24 92 217 167 59 183 36 161 118 83 29 17 3 15 19 160 8 4 5 324 80 8 186 120 11 6034

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

96% 50% 96% 75% 83% 82% 92% 79% 81% 64% 69% 89% 80% 90% 79% 92% 66% 89% 83% 98% 55% 42% 93% 96% 51% 69% 71% 90% 76% 60% 85% 64% 76% 93% 75% 93% 100% 100% 100% 91% 100% 88% 97% 100% 100% 93% 100% 76%

2% 0% 14% 9% 7% 0% 10% 5% 11% 17% 8% 4% 9% 13% 1% 13% 11% 2% 7% 0% 1% 9% 9% 4% 11% 8% 15% 10% 14% 12% 11% 2% 0% 17% 0% 11% 18% 2% 11% 18% 50% 3% 10% 0% 12% 11% 4% 9%

22-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 02-Feb-15 13-May-15

VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC

0 0 10 307 45 11 3 6 9 12 11 6 6 4 44 4 4 2 8 6 12 10 10 6 24 8 4 13 0 6 19 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 13 2 0 0 0 0 336

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 72 10 3 0 2 4 0 2 0 1 2 7 1 1 0 3 0 2 4 2 4 7 0 0 0 4 9 4 0 0 4 0 76

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 106 14 1 0 2 3 7 6 2 2 2 15 0 1 2 3 2 6 4 4 2 7 2 2 7 0 4 2 4 0 6 0 122

0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 116 21 7 3 2 2 5 1 3 3 0 20 1 2 0 2 4 2 2 4 0 10 4 2 6 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 120

0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 11

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

100% 95% 91% 100% 100% 100% 78% 100% 100% 100% 75% 100% 97% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 93% 100% 100% 82% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 96%

13-Jan-15 13-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 10-Feb-15 16-Mar-15 12-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 11-Mar-15 16-Feb-15 14-Jan-15 11-Feb-15 21-Jan-15 22-Jan-15

PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

1. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia) 2. The target of 14 days for the timeliness of virus isolation will be used for all polio laboratories 3. NPEV growing in L20B cells

Polio Bulletin

Table 2B. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country National polio laboratory Total no. of AFP L20B cases with positive specimens L20B positive + NPEV NPEV only Pending Negative ≤ 14 days % % results Latest Pending reported specimens positive report date > 14 2 ≤ 14 days for NPEV days ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ 1 Sequencing lab No. of isolates received Type 1 W ild Sabin VDPV W ild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Sabin VDPV W ild Type 3 Sabin VDPV NPEV 3

Pending ITD

% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 pending days of sequencing receipt ≥ 80%

15 2 15 1701 82 10 54 25 94 82 99 55 177 93 80 54 22 28 127 15 62 126 21 37 62 69 36 56 14 47 33 25 8 7 1 6 0 0 11 50 2 1 9 232 26 3 69 44 1 2187

0 0 0 24 1 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 3 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 26

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 93 1 0 6 3 2 9 5 0 15 9 0 1 1 0 4 0 1 8 0 0 9 3 2 9 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 2 21 2 0 4 5 0 132

10 1 14 1546 80 10 43 22 85 73 92 55 155 80 79 47 21 28 123 15 60 108 20 35 49 62 31 44 14 42 32 25 8 7 1 6 10 47 2 1 6 201 22 3 44 37 1 1951

5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 2 0 18 2 0 38

0 0 0 38 0 0 4 0 1 0 2 0 4 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 3 1 2 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 40

75% 100% 80% 96% 93% 100% 98% 100% 96% 99% 100% 100% 93% 99% 96% 100% 100% 91% 100% 100% 80% 91% 100% 100% 98% 92% 100% 96% 93% 96% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 99% 75% 100% 100% 91% 100% 100% 100% 93% 100% 96%

0% 0% 7% 5% 1% 0% 11% 8% 2% 9% 4% 0% 7% 10% 0% 1% 5% 0% 2% 0% 1% 7% 0% 0% 13% 4% 3% 15% 0% 11% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 9% 4% 0% 0% 20% 6% 8% 0% 7% 12% 0% 5%

05-Jun-15 05-Jun-15 01-Jun-15 03-Jun-15

0 0 0 58 0 2 2 0 18 0 0 0 8 0 2 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 1 6 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

19 0 0 4 7 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 0 19

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

21 2 2 7 0 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 0 21

4 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

13 0 0 5 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 3 0 13

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

94% 0% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 67% 100% 94%

27-May-15 27-May-15 08-Jun-15 13-May-15 30-Mar-15 07-May-15 05-Jun-15 28-May-15 19-May-15 16-Apr-15 05-Jun-15 12-May-15 05-Jun-15

PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

Polio Bulletin

Table 3A. Laboratory confirmation of polio isolates from other sources in 2014 Non-AFP cases Country Intratypic differentiation lab 2 Total number Total number of non-AFP of non-AFP cases tested cases with for polio polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 2 Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 Sabin VDPV Pending NPEV ITD Discordant Total number pending of samples sequencing processed Total number of samples with polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV

Environmental samples Type 2 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 NPEV Sabin VDPV Pending ITD Discordant pending sequencing

96 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 203 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 305

0 3 1 2 0 3 6

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 3 1 2 0 1 4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 1 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 23 0 23

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 167 0 0 14 0 48 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 12 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 191

0 167 14 48 18 48 12 27 7 174

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

79 1 21 11 13 6 27 1 80

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

129 4 22 37 16 12 38 1 130

2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

115 0 15 47 23 10 20 5 120

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 10

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1. Based on year of collection of sample, if available. Otherw ise, based on year of receipt at reference laboratory. 2. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia)

Polio Bulletin

Table 3B. Laboratory confirmation of polio isolates from other sources in 2015 Non-AFP cases Country Intratypic differentiation lab 2 Total number Total number of non-AFP of non-AFP cases tested cases with polio isolates for polio Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 2 Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 Sabin VDPV Pending NPEV ITD Discordant Total number pending of samples sequencing processed Total number of samples with polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV

Environmental samples Type 2 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 NPEV Sabin VDPV Pending ITD Discordant pending sequencing

59 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 88

0 0 3 3

0 0 0

0 1 1

0 0 0

0 1 1

0 0 0

0 1 1

0 0 0

1 2 0 3

0 0 0 0

20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20

2 2

0 0

1 1

0 0

1 1

0 0

15 15

0 0

1. Based on year of collection of sample, if available. Otherwise, based on year of receipt at reference laboratory. 2. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia)

Polio Bulletin

Table 4. Vaccine-derived poliovirus, 2000–2015 Country Cambodia

2000–2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2006 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2009 (1 case) Total (27 cases) 2005 (3 cases) 2005 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2004 (3 cases) 2003 (1 case) 2001 (3 cases) aVDPV2 (2 cases) aVDPV2 (1 case) aVDPV2 (5 cases) aVDPV3 (2 cases) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (3 cases) cVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) aVDPV2 (1 case) cVDPV2 (3 cases) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case) iVDPV2 (1 case) ?VDPV1 (1 case) ?VDPV2 (1 case)

China China, Hong Kong SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Mongolia Philippines Viet Nam

1. Prefix letter refers to the VDPV category - "cVDPV" = circulating VDPV, "iVDPV" = immunodeficiency-associated VDPV, "aVDPV" = ambiguous VDPV, "?VDPV" = unknown. Suffix number refers to the poliovirus serotype (types 1, 2 or 3). 2. Refers to year of last VDPV case, and aggregate total of VDPV cases for 2000-2009

Polio Bulletin

Key facts

Organisation World Health Organization (WHO)

Document type Technical Documents

Adoption date June 8, 2015

Source World Health Organization