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التغذية والايدز والعدوى بفيروسه : الأنشطة المضطلع بها في الثنائية 2004 - 2005 : تقرير من الأمانة

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‫ﻤﻨﻅﻤـﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬ ‫‪ ٩‬ﻜﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‪ /‬ﻴﻨﺎﻴﺭ ‪٢٠٠٦‬‬ ‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺩ ‪ ٥-٤‬ﻤﻥ ﺠﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﺅﻗﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻁﻠﻊ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺌﻴﺔ ‪٢٠٠٥-٢٠٠٤‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺝ ﺹ ﻉ‪ ١٤-٥٧‬ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪-١‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﺯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺘﻌﺯﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﻴـﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﺒﺎﻥ ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﺘﻪ ﺍﻟـﺴﺎﺩﺴﺔ ﻋـﺸﺭﺓ ﺒﻌـﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﺩﻋﻤﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺼﺩﺭﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻘﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ )ﺩﻭﺭﺒﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ‪ ١٣-١٠ ،‬ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪ /‬ﺃﺒﺭﻴل ‪١.(٢٠٠٥‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻨـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩﺕ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺨﻠﺹ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻤﻔﺼل ﻷﺤﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤـﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﻤـل‬ ‫‪‬ل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻤﺅﺘﻤﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﻲ ﻤﻜﻤ‬ ‫ﺎ ﻤﻀﺎﺩﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﻭﻥ ﻋﻼﺠﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ )ﺩﻭﺭﺒﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ‪ ١٦-١٤ ،‬ﻨﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪ /‬ﺃﺒﺭﻴـل ‪ ،(٢٠٠٥‬ﻋﻘـﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺒﺩﺃﺕ ﺘﺘﺯﺍﻴـﺩ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻏﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻭﺭ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺘﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻭﺁﺜﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﻟﻸﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺫﺓ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺨﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺸﺭﺤﹰ‬ ‫‪‬ﺫﻟﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﻤﻨﺫ ﺃﻴﺎﺭ‪ /‬ﻤﺎﻴﻭ ‪ .٢٠٠٤‬ﻭﻟﻘـﺩ ﺘﻌـﺯﺯﺕ ﻫـﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺎ ﻟﻠﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻴﺤﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﺒﻔﻀل ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺸـﻜﻠﺕ ﻗﺎﻋـﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﻭﺭﺴﻡ ﺨﻁﻁﻪ ﻟﺘﺴﺘﺭﺸﺩ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‪.‬‬ ‫‪-٣‬‬ ‫ﺍ ﻟﻌﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﻲ‪ .‬ﻨﻅﺭﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ‪ ،‬ﺘﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺇﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺹ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻟﺼﻭﻍ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺭﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﹸﻅﻤﺕ ﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯﻫﺎ ﻭﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻫﺎ ﺒﻐﺭﺽ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻨ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻲ ﻭﺇﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺸﺭﻕ ﺁﺴﻴﺎ ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺩﺉ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ١‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺜﻴﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﻡ ﺕ‪ ١٢/١١٦‬ﻭﻡ ﺕ‪ /٢٠٠٥ /١١٦‬ﺴﺠﻼﺕ‪ ،١ /‬ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻀﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﺯ ﻟﻠﺠﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﻨﺹ ﺍﻹﻨﻜﻠﻴﺯﻱ(‪.‬‬

‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﻭﻜﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﺎﺕ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫‪-٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺼﺩﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﺩﻟﻴل ﻋﻥ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﻁﻔﺎﻟﻬﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ١.‬ﻭﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﻓﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻜﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﻤـل‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺴـﺎﻫﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﺎ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﺘﻘﻨﻴﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﺩﻋﻤﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٤‬ﺒﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﻤﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻨﺸﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺴﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻼﺠﺌﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﻭﻀـﻊ ﻭﺤـﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠﻴﺔ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺸﻤل‬ ‫‪‬ﻱ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺘﺘﻴﺴﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺘﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺩﻻﺌل ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫‪-٥‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐـﺫﻴﺎﺕ‪٢‬‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺩﻭﺭﺒﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﻜﻴﻨﻴﺎ ﺩﻻﺌل ﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻴﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﻨﻅﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻁﻠﻊ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٦‬ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟـﺴل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺭﻴـﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-٦‬‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺼﺭﹰ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻘﺘﺭﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺘﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻤﻊ ﻭﻜﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﺌل ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺭﻑ‬ ‫‪-٧‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺩﻻﺌل ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺭﻋﺎﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴـﺔ ﻭﺩﻋﻤﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛ ﻭﻟﻠﺘﺩﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﺘﺭﺘﻔﻊ ﻤﻌﺩﻻﺕ ﺘﻔﺸﻲ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ؛ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺴﻁﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ؛‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺘﺩﺒﻴﺭ ﺴﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔـﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﺍﻷﻏﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻀﻊ ﻨﻬﺞ ﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﻟﻐﺭﺽ ﺘﻤﻜﻴﻥ ﻤﻭﻅﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌـﺎﻭﻥ ﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﻤـﻭﻅﻔﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ ﻤﻀﺎﺩﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﺭﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﻭﻥ ﻋﻼﺠﹰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﻀﻰ ﻭﺃﺴﺭﻫﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﺭﺯ ﺘﺸﺘﻤل‬ ‫‪-٨‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﺯﻡ ﻤـﻥ ﺒﻌـﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﻐـﺫﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻴﺠﺭﻱ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ﻭﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٦‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻟﺨـﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺫﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻀﻴﻥ ﻟﺴﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻀﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪Nutrition counselling, care and support for HIV-infected women: Guidelines on HIV-related care, treatment ١‬‬ ‫‪and support for HIV-infected women and their children in resource-constrained settings: Geneva, World Health‬‬ ‫‪Organization, 2004.‬‬ ‫‪Nutrient requirements for people living with HIV/AIDS: Report of a technical consultation, World Heath‬‬ ‫‪Organization, Geneva, 13-15 May 2003, Geneva, World Health Organization, 2003.‬‬

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‫‪2‬‬

‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﻀﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‪ .‬ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﻐﺭﺽ ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ّ‬ ‫‪-٩‬‬ ‫ﺨﻼل ﻋﺎﻤﻲ ‪ ٢٠٠٣‬ﻭ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﻟﻸﻋﻤﺎل ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻻﺌل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﺩﻴﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺭﻓﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻟﻠﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺘﻴﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺩﺍﻨﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺠـﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺼـﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻭﺤﺎﺕ ﻗﻼﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﺭﺠﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﺸﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١٠‬ﻭﻗﺩﻡ ﺩﻋﻡ ﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﻘﺩﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﻲ ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﻭ‪ ٢٠٠٥‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺌﻡ ﻟﻸﻤﻬﺎﺕ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻹﺭﻀﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺒﺘﻭﺴﻴﻊ ﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻟﻴﺸﻤل ﺍﻷﻗﺎﻟﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻁﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ ﻟﺘﺯﻭﻴـﺩ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺘﻁﺒﻴـﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻁﻔﺎﻟﻬﻥ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺒﺘﻨﻘﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻻﺌل ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺭﻯ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﻭﺍﺴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﻴﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -١١‬ﻭﺍﺸﺘﺭﻜﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻨﻴﺴﻴﻑ ﻭﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺃﻏﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﻭﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻫﻴﻠﻴﻥ ﻜﻴﻠـﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻟﻐﺭﺏ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ )ﻜﻭﺘﻭﻨﻭ‪ ،‬ﺸﺒﺎﻁ‪ /‬ﻓﺒﺭﺍﻴﺭ ‪ (٢٠٠٥‬ﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ ﺨﻁـﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١٢‬ﻭﺘﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻨﻴﺴﻴﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨﻘﻴﺢ ﺩﻟﻴل ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺘﻬﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺭﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻀﻭﺀ ﺠﺎﺌﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴـﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﺒﺎﺒﻭﻱ ﻋﻘﺩﺕ ﺒﻌﺩﻩ ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﺭﻗﺕ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻟﺘﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺭﻴﻴﻥ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ )ﻫﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺘﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‪ /‬ﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ‪.(٢٠٠٥‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻁﻔـﺎل‬ ‫‪ -١٣‬ﻭﻁﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻨﺔ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﺩﺘﻬﺎ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺘﻌﻨﻲ ﺒﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺎﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺭﺸﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺘﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﺠﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻴﺩﺍﻨﻴﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻴﻀﹰ‬ ‫ﹸﺭﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺩﺉ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺎﻤﺎﻴﻜﺎ ﻭﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﺸ‬ ‫‪‬ـﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻀ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﺍﻷﻜﺒﺭ ﺴﻨﹰ‬ ‫‪ -١٤‬ﻭﺘﻡ ﻨﺸﺭ ﺩﻻﺌل ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺭﻀﻌﻭﻥ ﺃﻤﻬﺎﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺠﺭﺕ ﻓﻴـﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ‪٢.‬‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﺩﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫‪ -١٥‬ﻭﻜﺜﻔﺕ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺩﻋﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎل ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﻭﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘـﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻨﻅـﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘـﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻷﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﻠﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻹﻨﻜﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺭﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺘﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩﻡ ﺩﻋﻤﻪ ﻟﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺌﺢ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺘﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪HIV and infant feeding: framework for priority actions. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2003; Newell ١‬‬ ‫‪M-L, HIV transmission through breastfeeding: a review of available evidence. Geneva, World Health‬‬ ‫‪Organization, 2004; UNICEF/UNAIDS/WHO/UNFPA, HIV and infant feeding: Guidelines for decision-makers.‬‬ ‫‪Geneva, World Health Organization, 2003; HIV and infant feeding: a guide for health-care managers and‬‬ ‫‪supervisors. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2003.‬‬ ‫‪Guiding principles for feeding non-breastfed children 6-24 months of age. Geneva, World Health‬‬ ‫‪Organization, 2005.‬‬

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‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﺎ ﻭ‪ ٢٠٠٠‬ﻋﺎﻤل ﺼـﺤﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺩﺭﺒﻴﻥ ‪ ٢٥٠‬ﻤﺩﺭﺒﹰ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ‪ ١٩‬ﺒﻠﺩﹰ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺴـﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﻸﻤﺭﻴﻜﺘﻴﻥ ﺩﻋﻤﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺌﺢ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺠﺭﻯ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﺭﻴﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁﻰ ﻭﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺭﻴﺒﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺭﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻭﺒﻲ ﻭﻋﺩﺩ ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺸﺭﻕ ﺁﺴﻴﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺸﺎﺭﻜﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘـﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤـﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺭﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺌﺢ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻷﻭﺭﻭﺒﺎ ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﻺﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﺭﻗﺕ ﻜل ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﺕ ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺭﻀـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻋﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﺸﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺒﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﻟﻤﺩﻴﺭﻱ ﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻡ ﻏﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺩﺉ‪ ،‬ﺘﻡ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﺸﺄ ﺘﺠﻤﻌﹰ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -١٦‬ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤﻴﻥ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ١‬ﻭﺃﻋﺩﺘﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻗـﺼﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻤـﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺩﺭﺕ ﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓ ﻟﻸﻏﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﺩﻟﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻘﺩﺕ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺎﻜﺎﺭﺘﺎ )ﺘﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ /‬ﺃﻜﺘﻭﺒﺭ ‪ (٢٠٠٥‬ﻭﺠﻭﻫﺎﻨﺴﺒﺭﻍ )ﺘﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‪/‬‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻓﻤﺒﺭ ‪ (٢٠٠٥‬ﻟﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻘﺩﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺴﺭﻫﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ّﻨﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺭﻜﺯﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪ -١٧‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﺭﻱ ﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻤﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﺩﺓ ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻤـﻥ ﺃﺒﻨـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺸﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺩﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻡ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﻔل‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﻜﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺒﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺤﺎﺴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺒﺄﻨﻤﺎﻁ ﺍﻹﺭﻀﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺘﺸﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻀﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻗﺩ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﻘﻠﻴﺹ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻭﺍﻩ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺘﺒـﺎﻉ ﺃﺴـﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻁﺔ‪ ٢.‬ﻭﺴﺘﺘﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٦‬ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﻤﺎﺜﻠﺔ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺘﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﻤﻭﻀﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺎ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻀﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺌﻲ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﻴﻥ ﻋﻼﺠﹰ‬ ‫ﺜل ﻨﻘﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻜﺒﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜـﻥ‬ ‫‪ -١٨‬ﻭﻴﻤ ﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻤﺎﺯﺍﻟﺕ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﺓ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺃﺜﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺜﺭﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﻏﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻴﺅﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ ﺒـﺸﺄﻥ ﺃﺜـﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻐـﺫﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﺤﺎﻟﻴﹰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﻁﻌﺔ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ّ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻹﻀﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺘﻁﻭﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻋﺩﻡ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋـﻭﺯ ﻏـﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻤﻌـﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﻌـﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺒﺄﻥ ﻻ ﺘﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭﻟﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴـﺸﻭﻥ ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺼﻰ ﺒﻬﺎ‪٣.‬‬ ‫‪Living well with HIV/AIDS. A manual on nutritional care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS.‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪Geneva, World Health Organization and Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2002.‬‬ ‫‪Iliff PJ et al. Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission and increases‬‬ ‫‪HIV-free survival. AIDS. 19:699-708, 2005.‬‬ ‫‪Nutrient requirements for people living with HIV/AIDS.‬‬

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‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ ﻤﺩﻋﻭ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪١،‬‬

‫‪-١٩‬‬

‫ﻴﻭﺼﻲ ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻭﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻅﺭﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺭﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﹼﺭ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺝ ﺹ ﻉ‪ ١٤-٥٧‬ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋـﺔ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﺫﻜ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻌﺯﺯ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟـﺸﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻋﻡ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ "‪ ٣‬ﻓﻲ ‪ "٥‬ﻭﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺭﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﹼﺭ ﺒﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﺫﻜ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ )ﺩﻭﺭﺒﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺠﻨﻭﺏ ﺃﻓﺭﻴﻘﻴﺎ‪ ١٣-١٠ ،‬ﻨﻴـﺴﺎﻥ‪ /‬ﺃﺒﺭﻴـل ‪،(٢٠٠٥‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻫﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻭﺼل ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺍﺽ ﻤﻔﺼل ﻷﺤﺩﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﺫﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﻌـﺩﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﻤل ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﻠﻘـﻭﻥ ﻋﻼﺠـﹰ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ ﻤـﻀﺎﺩﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ؛‪٢‬‬ ‫ﺎ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﻤـﺎ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻴﺤﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺠﺎﺌﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺜﺭﻴﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﻀﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺌﻲ ﻴﺴﺘﻠﺯﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻤﻨﺘﻅﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺘﺯﺍﻤﻨﺔ ﻟﻤﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﻁﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺌﺤﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﺩﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺯﺍﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻬﺎﺯﻴﺔ ﻭﺴﻭﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫‪ ١‬ﺍﻟﻭﺜﻴﻘﺔ ﻡ ﺕ‪.٧/١١٧‬‬

‫‪ ٢‬ﺍﻟﻭﺜﻴﻘﺔ ﻡ ﺕ‪ ،١٢/١١٦‬ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻕ‪.‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﻭﺇﺫ ﺘﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺒﺎﻟﻔﻌل‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺒـﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺘﺘﻌﻠـﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻜﺄﺴﺎﺱ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺨﻁﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‪،‬‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺙ ﺍﻟﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻸﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍ ﺃﺼﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺠﻌل ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺼﺭﹰ‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺩﻤﺠﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺒـﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﺇﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ‬ ‫)ﺃ(‬ ‫ﻜﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ؛‬ ‫)ﺏ( ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻴـﺩﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻭﺩﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴـﻪ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻹﺫﻜﺎﺀ ﻭﻋـﻲ ﺍﻟﻤـﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﺠـﺔ‬ ‫)ﺝ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺴﺔ ﻻﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ ﻟﺩﻤﺞ ﻋﻨﺼﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻋﻼﺠﻬﻡ؛‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ‬ ‫)ﺩ(‬ ‫‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﺭﺹ ﺩﻤـﺞ ﺍﻟﺘـﺩﺨﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻌﻴﻥ ﺴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ؛‬ ‫ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻭﺜﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻗﻁﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟـﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫)ﻫ(‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﻭﺘﻨﻘﻴﺢ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺩﻻﺌل ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺘﻘﻴﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴﺸﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻴﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﹸﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﻤﺭﺍﺤل ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺭﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻘـﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌـﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻤـﻀﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺹ ﺍﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻘﺭﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﻭﺘﻭﺴﻴﻊ ﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺘﺩﺒﻴﺭ ﺴـﻭﺀ‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ ﻤـﻥ ﺨـﻼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩ ﻟﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻭﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤل ﻟﻼﺴﺘﺭﺍﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺃ(‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻬﺠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻭﺒﺔ؛‬ ‫)ﺏ( ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻗﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘـﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﻌﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺴـﻭﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻀﻴﻥ ﻟﻺﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫‪-١‬‬

‫‪EB117/7‬‬

‫ﻡ ﺕ‪٧/١١٧‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺠﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺩﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻀﻭﺀ‬ ‫)ﺝ(‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﻀﻊ ﻭﺘﻭﺴـﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺭﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻻﺌل ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺩ(‬ ‫ﻨﻁﺎﻕ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺢ ﺒﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻬﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل؛‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻹﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺩﻡ ﻟﻠﺩﻭل ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺩﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﻁﻨﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻡ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻹﺫﻜﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺅﻭﻟﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺴـﺔ ﻟـﺩﻤﺞ‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﻌﻨﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ؛‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻭﻀـﻊ ﻭﻨـﺸﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼـﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟـﺩﻻﺌل‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺱ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﺎﻴـﺸﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ُ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻬﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﻟﻠﺨﺩﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺇﺴﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﻤـﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘـﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻬـﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺯﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺨﻼل ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ؛‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺼﻠﺔ ﺘﻌﺯﻴﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭﻯ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫)‪(٥‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ ﻟﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺭﺯ ﻨﺤـﻭ ﺩﻤـﺞ‬ ‫)‪(٦‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﺍﻤﺞ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻔﻴﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻴﺩﺯ ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻭﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻁﺭﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺴـﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟـﺔ ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫)‪(٧‬‬ ‫ﺇﻨﺠﺎﺯﺍﺘﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺇﺤﺭﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻤﺎﺭ؛‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻟﺩﻻﺌل ﻹﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺩﺨﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻐﺫﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺭﺍﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻭﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻭﻀﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤـﺔ ﺍﻷﻴـﺩﺯ ﻭﺍﻟـﺴل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺭﻴﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬

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‫‪7‬‬

Key facts
Adoption date
Source World Health Organization