WASH in health care facilities: global baseline report 2019

WASH IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Global Baseline Report 2019 WASH in health care facilities: Global Baseline Report 2019 ISBN 978-92-4-151550-4 © World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO or UNICEF endorses any specific organization, product or service. The unauthorized use of the WHO or UNICEF names or logos is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. 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WASH IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Global Baseline Report 2019 iv W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S FO RE W O RD FOREWORD No one goes to a health care facility to get sick. People go to get better, to deliver babies or to get vaccinated. Yet hundreds of millions of people face an increased risk of infection by seeking care in health facilities that lack basic necessities, including water, sanitation, hygiene, health care waste management and cleaning (WASH) services. Not only does the lack of WASH services in health care facilities compromise patient safety and dignity, it also has the potential to exacerbate the spread of antimicrobial-resistant infections and undermines efforts to improve child and maternal health. New figures from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) indicate that WASH services in health care facilities are sub-standard in every region. An estimated 896 million people use health care facilities with no water service and 1.5 billion use facilities with no sanitation service. It is likely that many more people are served by health care facilities lacking hand hygiene facilities and safe waste management. WASH services are more likely to be available in hospitals than in other types of other health care facilities, and in urban areas than in rural areas. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) place a new emphasis on universal health coverage, including access to WASH services. They also reflect a shift in thinking that recognizes the importance of quality care and an integrated, people-centered approach that enhances the experience of care. WASH is a prerequisite for quality care, and is particularly important for the safe management of childbirth. It is fundamental to the achievement of UNICEF’s Every Child ALIVE campaign and the ‘triple billion’ targets of WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work. With a renewed focus on safe and quality primary health care through the Astana Declaration, the opportunity to ensure the basics are in place, including WASH services, has never been greater. In March 2018, the United Nations Secretary-General issued a global call for greater leadership and accountability to provide WASH services in all health care facilities, emphasizing the high cost of inaction. Since then, our two organizations have established a set of global targets aimed at achieving universal WASH services in health care facilities and, for the first time, made global estimates available through the JMP. These data provide a robust basis for identifying priorities, making investments and tracking progress on WASH. With support from over 35 partners, WHO and UNICEF are also co-leading the implementation of a global roadmap built from country-led initiatives. To improve WASH services in health care facilities, eight practical steps have been identified and are described and illustrated through case studies. These steps include actions such as developing national roadmaps and setting targets, improving infrastructure and maintenance, and engaging communities. Ensuring universal access to WASH services in health care facilities is a solvable problem with a return on investment. We are committed to supporting this effort by working with governments and partners to deliver quality WASH services in health care facilities, to improve monitoring, and to expand the knowledge base. We seek the support of all partners in this vital task. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus Director-General of the World Health Organization Henrietta Fore Executive Director of the United Nations Children’s Fund vG LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 FO REW O RD vi W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S C O N TE N TS CONTENTS HIGHLIGHTS 2 Water 3 Sanitation 4 Hygiene 5 Waste management 6 Environmental cleaning 7 Additional indicators for expanded monitoring 8 INTRODUCTION 10 WASH and health in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 Monitoring WASH in health care facilities 11 WATER SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 14 Basic water services 16 Additional indicators for monitoring water in health care facilities 22 SANITATION SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 26 Basic sanitation services 28 Additional indicators for monitoring sanitation in health care facilities 34 HYGIENE SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 38 Basic hygiene services 40 Additional indicators for monitoring hygiene in health care facilities 44 WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 48 Basic waste management services 50 Additional indicators for monitoring waste management in health care facilities 57 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 60 Basic environmental cleaning services 61 Additional indicators for monitoring environmental cleaning in health care facilities 62 INEQUALITIES 66 Facility type 70 Managing authority 72 Geography 74 Universal access to WASH at home and in health care facilities 76 ANNEXES 78 Annex 1: JMP methods 80 Annex 2: Regional groupings 86 Annex 3: National estimates 88 Annex 4: Regional and global estimates 114 1G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 C O N TEN TS 2W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS HIGHLIGHTS The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), through the WHO/ UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP), have produced regular updates on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) since 1990. Together, they are responsible for monitoring the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets 6.1 and 6.2 and supporting global monitoring of other WASH-related SDG targets and indicators. This first JMP report on WASH in health care facilities introduces new service ladders for basic services (Figure 1). It establishes national, regional and global baseline estimates that contribute towards global monitoring of SDG targets for universal access to WASH (SDG 6.1 and 6.2) and for universal health coverage (SDG 3.8) (Table 1). WATER SANITATION HYGIENE WASTE MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING BA SI C S ER VI C E Water is available from an improved source1 on the premises. Improved sanitation facilities2 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. LI M IT ED S ER VI C E An improved water source is within 500 metres of the premises, but not all requirements for basic service are met. At least one improved sanitation facility is available, but not all requirements for basic service are met. Functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets but not both. There is limited separation and/ or treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste, but not all requirements for basic service are met. There are cleaning protocols and/or at least some staff have received training on cleaning. N O S ER VI C E Water is taken from unprotected dug wells or springs, or surface water sources; or an improved source that is more than 500 metres from the premises; or there is no water source. Toilet facilities are unimproved (e.g. pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines, bucket latrines) or there are no toilets. No functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets. There are no separate bins for sharps or infectious waste, and sharps and/or infectious waste are not treated/disposed of safely. No cleaning protocols are available and no staff have received training on cleaning. 1 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. 2 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. FIGURE 1 JMP service ladders for monitoring basic WASH services in health care facilities GOALS TARGETS 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 6.1: By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all 6.2: By 2030 achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 3.8: Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all TABLE 1 Global goals and targets related to WASH in health care facilities 3G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS WATER Key messages In 2016: 1. 38 countries and three of the eight SDG regions had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic water services in health care facilities. 2. 74% of health care facilities globally had basic water services, meaning water was available from an improved source on the premises. 3. In Least Developed Countries, only 55% of health care facilities had basic water services. 4. 14% of health care facilities globally had limited water services, meaning they had access to an improved source that was either located off the premises or did not have water available at the time of the survey. 5. 12% of health care facilities globally had no water service, meaning they either used water from an improved source more than 500 metres from the premises or an unimproved source, or had no water source at all. 6. Regional coverage of basic water services ranged from 51% in sub-Saharan Africa to 87% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia. 7. 4% of hospitals and 11% of other health care facilities had no water service. 8. 12% of government health care facilities and 6% of non-government health care facilities had no water service. 9. 5% of health care facilities in urban areas and 15% in rural areas had no water service. 10. 896 million people had no water service at their health care facility. Globally, 74% of health care facilities had basic water services in 2016 FIGURE 2 Global water services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Three out of eight SDG regions had estimates for basic water services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 3 Regional water services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 16 out of 69 countries with data available, more than 20% of health care facilities had no water service in 2016 FIGURE 4 Proportion of health care facilities with no water service, 2016 (%) A BASIC WATER SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Water is available from an improved source on the premises. 4W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS SANITATION Key messages In 2016: 1. 18 countries and only one SDG region had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 3. In sub-Saharan Africa, 23% of health care facilities had basic services. 4. Four out of eight SDG regions had insu™cient data to make any estimates for sanitation in health care facilities. 5. 21% of health care facilities globally had no sanitation service, meaning they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. 6. The proportion of health care facilities without sanitation services ranged from 5% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia to 40% in Central and Southern Asia. 7. 42% of Landlocked Developing Countries had basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 8. In Least Developed Countries, 21% of health care facilities had no sanitation service. 9. 9% of hospitals and 20% of other health care facilities had no sanitation service. 10. 16% of government health care facilities and 36% of non-government health care facilities had no sanitation service. 11. More than 1.5 billion people had no sanitation service at their health care facility. Globally, one in five health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 5 Global sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Only one SDG region had estimates for basic sanitation services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 6 Regional sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 28 out of 66 countries with data available, more than 10% of health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 7 Proportion of health care facilities with no sanitation service, 2016 (%) A BASIC SANITATION SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Improved sanitation facilities are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. 5G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS HYGIENE Key messages In 2016: 1. 14 countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities, meaning that functional hand hygiene facilities were available both at points of care, and at toilets. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities. 3. Four out of eight SDG regions had insu™cient data to make any estimates for hygiene in health care facilities. 4. One out of three health care facilities (36%) in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia had basic hygiene services. 5. One out of six health care facilities (16%) globally had no hygiene service, meaning they lacked hand hygiene facilities at points of care, as well as soap and water at toilets. 6. Relatively few countries (16) had data on the availability of handwashing facilities at toilets but more data (from 55 countries) were available on hand hygiene facilities at points of care. 7. 57% of health care facilities globally had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. 8. In sub-Saharan Africa, half of health care facilities (51%) had alcohol-based hand rub at points of care. 9. In sub-Saharan Africa, 84% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, compared to 64% of other health care facilities. Globally, one out of six health care facilities had no hygiene service in 2016 FIGURE 8 Global hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Only one SDG region had estimates for basic hygiene services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 9 Regional hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) A BASIC HYGIENE SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. In 8 out of 55 countries with data available, more than half of health care facilities lacked handwashing facilities at points of care in 2016 FIGURE 10 Proportion of health care facilities lacking hand hygiene facilities at points of care, 2016 (%) 6W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS WASTE MANAGEMENT Key messages In 2016: 1. 48 countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic waste management services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic waste management services. 3. 27% of health care facilities in Least Developed Countries had basic health care waste management services. 4. One out of ten health care facilities (10%) in Oceania had basic health care waste management services. 5. 40% of health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa had basic health care waste management services. 6. 60% of health care facilities globally had systems for segregating waste. 7. In sub-Saharan Africa, 60% of hospitals and 38% of other health care facilities had basic waste management services. Seven out of ten government health care facilities (71%) and half of non-government health care facilities (55%) safely segregated waste. Only two SDG regions had estimates for basic waste management services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 11 Regional waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 30 out of 48 countries with data available, more than half of health care facilities lacked basic waste management services in 2016 FIGURE 12 Proportion of health care facilities lacking basic waste management services, 2016 (%) A BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. 7G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING Key messages In 2016: 1. Only four countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate regional coverage of basic environmental cleaning services. A BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. 8W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS SERVICE ELEMENT BASIC INDICATORS EXAMPLES OF ADDITIONAL INDICATORS AVAILABILITY ACCESSIBILITY ACCEPTABILITY QUALITY OTHER Water Availability • functionality Accessibility • on premises Quality • improved water source • su™cient quantities of water for different uses • continuity • seasonality • water storage • location and number of water points • ratio of water points to patients or beds • accessibility of drinking water to those with disabilities • taste and appearance of drinking water • E. coli, Legionella, residual chlorine, chemicals, etc. • on-site water treatment • piped supply • multiple sources • provision of water for different uses including drinking • different standards for different types of facilities Sanitation Availability • usability • for men and women • for staff Accessibility • to those with limited mobility Acceptability • affording privacy • menstrual hygiene Quality • improved toilets or latrines • location and number of toilets • ratio of toilets to patients or beds • distance to toilets from consultation areas • cultural appropri- ateness • cleanliness • connection to sewer • faecal sludge management • evidence of open defecation on facility grounds • drainage and runoff management • vector control measures in toilets Hygiene Availability • functionality of hand hygiene facilities at points of care • functionality of handwashing facilities at toilets • location and number of handwashing stations • ratio of handwashing stations to patients or beds • hand hygiene compliance • visibility of hygiene promotion materials • hygiene promotion activities • training on hygiene and infection control Waste management Quality • segregation of health care waste • treatment and disposal • location and number of waste bins and receptacles • ratio of waste bins to patients or beds • functionality of incinerators • availability of fuel/ power for incinerators • disposal of chemical and radioactive waste • bins out of reach from children • fenced waste storage area • protective equipment for waste managers Environmental cleaning Availability • protocols in place Quality • staff trained • location and number of cleaning stations • presence of cleaning supplies, including disinfectant • cleaning frequency • observed cleanliness • cleaning methods used ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR EXPANDED MONITORING The five global basic service indicators provide a valuable starting point for global monitoring of WASH services in health care facilities, but do not capture all the aspects of WASH services that are important to improve health outcomes, increase the quality of care and protect health care workers. For example, the basic water service indicator does not include direct measurement of water quality, even though water quality is critically important. TABLE 2 Basic and additional indicators, grouped by human rights criteria 9G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS BOX 1 Progressive realization of the human rights to health and to safe water and sanitation 3 United Nations Economic and Social Council, General Comment No. 14: The right to the highest attainable standard of health, E/C.12/2000/4, UN, Geneva, 2000, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/425041>. 4 de Albuquerque, Catarina, Realising the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation: A handbook by the UN Special Rapporteur Catarina de Albuquerque, UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation, Portugal, 2014, <www.ohchr.org/en/issues/waterandsanitation/srwater/pages/handbook.aspx>. The right to health is widely recognized by UN member states and is central to, and dependent upon, the realization of other human rights, including the rights to safe water and sanitation. The right to health, according to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as expressed in their General Comment No. 14,3 includes the following core components: • Availability: refers to the need for a su™cient quantity of functioning public health and health care facilities, goods and services, as well as programmes for all. • Accessibility: requires that health facilities, goods and services must be accessible to everyone. Accessibility has four overlapping dimensions: non-discrimination, physical accessibility, economic accessibility (affordability) and information accessibility. • Acceptability: relates to respect for medical ethics, cultural appropriateness and sensitivity to gender. Acceptability requires that health facilities, goods, services and programmes are people-centred and cater for the specific needs of diverse population groups in accordance with international standards of medical ethics for confidentiality and informed consent. • Quality: facilities, goods and services must be scientifically and medically approved. Quality is a key component of Universal Health Coverage and includes the experience as well as the perception of health care. Quality health services should be safe, effective, people- centred, timely, equitable, integrated and e™cient. The human rights to water and sanitation use similar normative criteria. The Special Rapporteur has noted that, “Member States should establish standards for Accessibility, Availability, Quality, Affordability, Acceptability and Sustainability of water and sanitation services,” and notes that standards should “apply to services within the home, as well as at work, school, health centres, in public places and in places of detention.”4 A core principle of the right to health is that of progressive realization using maximum available resources. Governments are not required to immediately ensure full compliance with human rights obligations, and indeed resource limitations may mean that this is out of reach in the short term. Still, whatever level of resources they have at their disposal, governments can and must take immediate steps within their means towards the fulfilment of these rights. The ‘service ladder’ approach is useful for establishing targets to progressively improve services, no matter what the current level of coverage. Each government must decide what steps to take, and how to balance investments in primary, secondary and tertiary care. Governments may set targets on making sure that no health care facility has no WASH services, or ensuring universal access to basic services, or achieving higher levels of services. ‘Functioning public health and health-care facilities, goods and services, as well as programmes, have to be available in sužcient quantity within the State party. The precise nature of the facilities, goods and services will vary depending on numerous factors, including the State party’s developmental level. They will include, however, the underlying determinants of health, such as safe and potable drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities, hospitals, clinics and other health-related buildings…’ – General Comment No. 14, paragraph 12 The global basic service indicators represent a compromise between normative requirements and what can be practically monitored and aggregated to the national and global levels at the outset of the SDG period. Several additional indicators might be monitored at the local level and could be used to improve the quality of service delivery. Such information could be aggregated to the national, and eventually global, level if the data permit. Countries may wish to define levels of service that draw upon these additional indicators and go beyond the basic level, to reflect their national priorities and ambitions. Examples of additional indicators that are not included in the basic service level are shown in Table 2. Both the basic and additional indicators are grouped into the elements of availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality, which derive from the human rights (Box 1). This report highlights illustrative examples of countries that monitor some of these additional indicators. 10 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN TR O D U C TI O N INTRODUCTION 5 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. 6 UNESCO, ‘Education for All Movement’, UNESCO, 2017, <www.unesco.org/new/en/archives/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all>, accessed 13 March 2019. 7 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access. WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2019, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wash-in-health-care-facilities/en/index.html>. 8 United Nations, Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/70/1, UN, Geneva, 21 October 2015, <www.un.org/ ga/se/arch/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=E>. 9 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, WASH in the 2030 Agenda: New global indicators for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, WHO and UNICEF, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-wash-2030-agenda>. 10 United Nations Secretary-General, ‘Secretary-General's remarks at Launch of International Decade for Action "Water for Sustainable Development" 2018–2028 [as delivered]’, UN, Geneva, 22 March 2018, <www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2018-03-22/secretary-generals-remarks-launch-international-decade-action-water>, accessed 13 March 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), through the WHO/ UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP), have produced regular updates on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) since 1990. The JMP tracked progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and is now responsible for monitoring global progress towards the WASH-related Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets.5 The SDG targets aim for ‘universal access’ to WASH services. This calls for greater attention to WASH services beyond the household, including in institutional settings such as schools, health care facilities and workplaces. Global efforts towards education for all recognize the role that WASH in schools plays in improving access to education and learning outcomes, especially for girls.6 In 2018, the JMP published the first global assessment of WASH in schools. Likewise, the status of WASH in health care facilities, and the links with health outcomes, have received increasing attention in recent years. This report presents the first global assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene, health care waste management and environmental cleaning services in health care facilities and establishes baseline estimates for monitoring progress during the SDG period. It is complemented by another WHO and UNICEF report that outlines practical actions countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities.7 WASH and health in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development In 2015, the 193 Member States of the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,8 which established 17 SDGs and 169 global targets for development over the 2015–30 period. This ambitious and universal agenda applies to all countries and places an emphasis on ‘leaving no one behind’ and ensuring that gaps in services are identified and progressively eliminated. SDG 6 aims to ‘ensure available and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all’ and includes targets for universal access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene for all by 2030 (targets 6.1 and 6.2). The term ‘universal’ implies all settings, including households, schools, healthcare facilities, workplaces and public places, and ‘for all’ implies services that are suitable for women, men, girls and boys of all ages, including people living with disabilities.9 SDG 3 aims to ‘ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages’ and includes a specific target (3.9) to reduce the burden of disease from unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene. Other targets (3.1, 3.2) call for reducing maternal mortality and under-five and neonatal mortality, all of which are directly impacted by WASH conditions in health care settings. Indeed, countries can only achieve universal health coverage (target 3.8) when everyone has access to quality health care services, including health care facilities with basic WASH services. These targets are highly ambitious but also inter-related and mutually reinforcing. In March 2018, the Secretary- General of the United Nations launched a global call to action for WASH in all health care facilities,10 noting that health care facilities are essential tools in reducing disease, and that without basic WASH, health care facilities can instead contribute to more infections, prolonged hospital stays and preventable deaths, including of mothers and babies. 11 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN TRO D U C TIO N Monitoring WASH in health care facilities This JMP report focuses on monitoring the status of WASH in health care facilities, while the companion document on practical actions7 elaborates a global workplan and sets out eight steps countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities: 1. Conduct situation analysis and assessment 2. Set targets and define roadmap 3. Establish national standards and regulation 4. Improve infrastructure and maintenance 5. Monitor and review data 6. Develop health workforce 7. Engage communities 8. Conduct operational research and share learning 11 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in low- and middle-income countries and way forward, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/154588/9789241508476_eng.pdf>. This report represents a compilation and analysis of existing monitoring data that countries have already collected and reviewed (Step 5). The new JMP global database on WASH in health care facilities includes national data from 125 countries drawing upon assessments of over 560,000 health care facilities (see Annex 1 for details). Data have been extracted from 260 nationally representative facility assessments and mapped to a standardized set of global indicators for water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. This report follows and supersedes a preliminary 2015 review of WASH in health care facilities11 which drew attention to the problems of poor WASH in many health care facilities in low-income and middle-income countries. The findings of the two reports are not 12 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN TR O D U C TI O N directly comparable, as the previous report was based on a much smaller number of nationally representative assessments (20 nationally representative assessments drawing on 58,000 facilities, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa). These indicators make up the JMP service ladders (Figure 1) which are used for global monitoring and provide internationally comparable statistics across 12 See in particular: World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ ehs_hc/en/>. and World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wastemanag/en>. 13 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Meeting Report: Expert Group Meeting on Monitoring WASH in Health Care Facilities in the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2016, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2016-expert-group-meeting-winhcf>. 14 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. 15 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. 16 A minimum of two toilets is required for outpatient settings (one toilet dedicated for staff and one gender-neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility). Two toilets may be su™cient for a small health care facility that only provides outpatient services, but larger facilities need more toilets. countries and over time. The indicators of basic services (Table 3) were developed beginning in 2015 with a review of global norms12 and existing national indicators and data collection tools. A draft set of harmonized indicators, and recommended core questions for use in data collection, were reviewed, modified and endorsed at a 2016 Expert Group Meeting involving representatives from the WASH and health sectors, as well as major international survey programmes.13 A BASIC WATER SERVICE A BASIC SANITATION SERVICE A BASIC HYGIENE SERVICE A BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE A BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICE Water is available from an improved source14 on the premises. Improved sanitation facilities15 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility.16 Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. TABLE 3 Global indicators for basic WASH services in health care facilities 13 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN TRO D U C TIO N The new indicators and questions were subsequently piloted and refined during 2016–17. The final set of core questions and indicators17 represents a balance between normative requirements and practical constraints regarding the type and level of information that can reasonably be collected from all types of health care facilities and aggregated for global reporting during the SDG period. 17 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Core Questions and Indicators for Monitoring WASH in Health Care Facilities in the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2018, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2018-core-questions-and-indicators-monitoring-winhcf-1>. 18 Health Data Collaborative, <www.healthdatacollaborative.org>, accessed 13 March 2019. Since they were first published in 2016, the basic WASH services indicators and associated core questions have been incorporated into guidelines, standards, policies and assessment tools in a range of health sub-sectors (Box 2, see also Annex 2 of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access7). They are also incorporated into the ongoing revision of the Health Facility Assessment Tool led by WHO as part of the ongoing Health Data Collaborative18 effort. BOX 2 Health sector products that include reference to WASH in health care facilities, 2016–18 14 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S WATER SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Workers in health care facilities need su¦cient quantities of safe water to provide health care services. Drinking and cooking, hand hygiene, showering and bathing, and a variety of general and specialized medical uses all require reliable supplies of safe water. Water is also essential for cleaning rooms, beds, floors, toilets, sheets and laundry. It is central to patient experiences of health care, as it enables them to remain hydrated, to clean themselves, and to reduce the risk of infections. Families and care-givers also need water to tend to patients and their own needs. Without water, a health care facility isn’t a health care facility. Different health care facilities have different water requirements depending on the type of health services offered and the scale of the facility. The quantity and quality of water available, the location and accessibility of water points within the health 15 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES facility, and the reliability of the water supply over time, are all important aspects of water services.19 However, most facility assessments and health management information systems only collect limited information about water services in health care facilities. This report introduces a water service ladder that uses data currently available from national sources to classify facilities as having basic services, limited services or no service (Figure 13). The basic service level does not represent a very high level of service, and this chapter also highlights examples of countries that collect additional information on their water services, such as the continuity, su¦ciency and quality of water supplies. This data collection beyond the basic service level could potentially be used to monitor advanced service levels in the future; however, this information is not currently standardized or su¦ciently widely available to be used for global monitoring. Health care facilities are classified as having basic water services if they use water from an improved source located on the premises, and from which water is available at the time of the assessment. Health care facilities with an improved water source 19 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 20 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. not located on the premises (but still within 500 metres) or that don’t have water available at the time of the assessment are classified as having limited water services. Health care facilities with no water source, or that take water from an unimproved water source, or use an improved water source more than 500 metres away are classified as having no water service. In Senegal, the ECPSS 2017 facility assessment found that while nearly all health care facilities in the country had some kind of water source, less than half met the criteria for a basic water service (Figure 14). WATER Basic service Water is available from an improved source20 on the premises. Limited service An improved water source is within 500 metres of the premises, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service Water is taken from unprotected dug wells or springs, or surface water sources; or an improved source that is more than 500 metres from the premises; or there is no water source. FIGURE 13 Basic water services ladder for health care facilities Illustration of construction of water services ladder: Senegal FIGURE 14 Proportion of health care facilities by type of water service, Sénégal Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS), 2017 (%) 16 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S BASIC WATER SERVICES Globally, 38 countries, with a combined population of 2.6 billion people, had enough data to make nationally representative estimates for basic water services in health care facilities in 2016 (Figure 15). More countries had data on other indicators, with 69 countries, representing 61% of the global population, able to report on the proportion of health care facilities with no water service. The JMP produces regional and global estimates21 for new indicators, provided data are available for at least 30% of the relevant population.22 Globally, in 2016, 74% of health care facilities had basic water services (Figure 16). One in eight health care facilities (12%) had no water service, and the remaining 14% of health care facilities had limited services, meaning they either had access to an improved water source that was off the premises (but within 500 metres) or from which water was not available at the time of the assessment. Regional values for basic water services ranged from 51% in sub-Saharan Africa to 87% in Eastern and South- Eastern Asia (see Annex 2 for regional groupings. 21 To prevent countries in a single region from having a disproportionate impact on global estimates, global estimates are calculated from regional estimates. See Annex 1: JMP Methods for more details. 22 Since the global population in 2016 was 7.47 billion, global estimates can be made provided data were available for countries representing at least 2.24 billion people. Note that regional and global estimates are produced using national (or urban and rural) populations as weights, rather than the number of health care facilities (which would be more appropriate), because population data are more readily available than data on numbers of different types of health care facilities. For further details see Annex 1: JMP methods. Globally, one quarter of health care facilities lacked basic water services in 2016 FIGURE 16 Regional and global water service coverage in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 2016, estimates of basic water services in health care facilities were available for 38 countries, representing 2.6 billion people FIGURE 15 Data coverage for water services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 17 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIESImproved water sources Facility assessments typically ask what the main type of water supply is used by the health care facility for general purposes. In some cases, different water sources are used for different purposes (for example, cleaning and drinking), but for global monitoring the focus is on the main source. These sources are grouped into improved sources (piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water), unimproved sources (unprotected springs and wells, surface water, and other sources) and none (no water source). The type of water supply used by health care facilities varies widely between and within countries (Figure 17). Health care facilities use a variety of different types of water supply FIGURE 17 Proportion of health care facilities using different types of water supply, selected Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys 2012–17 (%) 18 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S In some countries, a high proportion of health care facilities use an improved water source, but these are either located off the premises (Figure 18a) or water is not available (Figure 18b). For example, 94% of health care facilities in Cambodia used improved sources in 2016, but only 55% used improved sources on the premises. In the same year, 99% of facilities in Honduras used improved sources, but just 58% of facilities had water available from these improved sources. Globally, 89% of facilities used an improved water source; 78% were located on the premises and 83% had water available at the time of assessment. This shows the importance of not only providing infrastructure where needed but of ensuring it is maintained and operated properly. Most health care facilities have improved water sources, but far fewer meet the criteria for basic water services FIGURE 18 Proportion of health care facilities with improved water sources and improved sources on the premises (a, n=53) or with improved water sources from which water is available (b, n=40), by country (%) 19 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Even when a health care facility has access to a water source, water may not always be available when needed due to interruptions in service, which can range from a few hours to several weeks or even months. Health care facilities may have coping mechanisms for shortages of medicines (emergency stocks) or electricity (backup generators) but it is much more di¦cult to plan for and cope with water shortages. Health care facilities may also have their own mechanical pumps reliant on the availability of electricity, so power cuts often result in water shortages. Where piped water is intermittent, health care facilities may use storage tanks to buffer supply, but such tanks are typically not maintained by the piped water provider and can easily become contaminated. Other mitigation strategies include collecting rainwater, using other sources, and using solar panels to ensure a reliable energy supply for water pumps. 20 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S COUNTRY SOURCE YEAR QUESTION SOURCES COVERED HEALTH CARE FACILITIES WITH OPERATIONAL WATER SUPPLIES (EXCLUDING HOSPITALS) Afghanistan EMONC 2009 Is the source permanently used? If no, how many months can you get water? All 95% permanently used Comoros National assessment 2018 Services d’eau disponibles en tout temps et en quantité su™sante pour toutes les utilisations. Water is always available in suŒcient quantity for all uses. All 68% yes Egypt SPA 2004 Does this source of water for the facility vary seasonally? All 75% no Honduras PAHO 2017 ¿El agua se encuentra disponible al momento de la encuesta? Is water available at the time of the survey? All 58% yes Guinea- Bissau National assessment 2017 When you open a tap in the center, does water come out? Piped only 76% yes Kenya SDI 2012 During the past 3 months, how many times was the water supply from this source interrupted for more than two hours at a time? All 96% 45 or fewer days with interruptions of two hours or more Lesotho HFS 2011 Does the facility have RELIABLE potable WATER SUPPLY 18 hours/day? All 60% yes Mexico ENNVIH 2002 In the last month, how many days were you without water service? All 83% never without service Niger PMA 2018 Pendant la journée d’aujourd’hui, l’eau courante a-t-elle été coupée pendant deux heures ou plus ? Today, has the water supply been cut for two hours or more? Piped only 71% no Sri Lanka SARA 2017 What is the most commonly used source of water for the facility at this time? (Observe that water is available from the source or in the facility on the day of the visit, e.g. check that the pipe is functioning.) All 99% sources with water available on the day of visit Uganda ABCE 2012 In a typical year, is there a time of year when there is a severe shortage or lack of water at this facility? All 57% no Uganda WVI 2014 How many hours per week of water service does the health facility receive? All 81% 84 hours or more (50% of time) Uganda PMA 2015 Does this facility have running water today? (Select for running water only. If water was off for more than two hours today, mark no.) Running water only 37%* * data not used for calculation of estimates TABLE 5 Questions used to assess availability of water in facility assessments (see JMP country files for a complete list of national data sources) Different surveys use different measures of availability BOX 3 Measurements of water availability Different surveys and data sources measure the availability of water at health care facilities in different ways (Table 5). Some data collection tools collect information on the existence of water supplies but do not record whether they are operational at the time of assessment. The JMP recommends that surveys include a question such as ‘Is water available from the main water supply at the time of the survey?’. Further work is needed to harmonize the definitions used in national data sources to enable comparison between countries. 21 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Basic water coverage varies widely between countries FIGURE 19 Proportion of health care facilities with basic water services, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 22 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING WATER IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Each government must set its own standards for water supply in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve services where necessary. The basic water service indicator serves as a useful starting point but does not incorporate many important aspects of water supply such as quality, continuity and su¦ciency.23 In many health care facilities, the basic service level is already met but water services still need improvement. Countries may consider additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels depending on their priorities and available resources. The following section provides illustrative, but not comprehensive, examples of additional indicators that have been tracked by countries. Piped water Ideally, all health care facilities, especially hospitals,24 should have a continuous supply of piped water but in some countries this level of service is very ambitious. In all SDG regions with data, at least one assessment found that less than 60% of hospitals had a piped water supply into the building or the compound, and at least one assessment found that fewer than 25% of other health care facilities had piped water (Figure 20). Water quality Whether piped or non-piped, water supplies can be contaminated. Water available in health care facilities should meet appropriate national standards or WHO Guideline Values25 but having a basic water service does not necessarily mean that water quality standards are met. For example, while over half of hospitals in Bhutan had a basic water service in 2016, water was safe at only 59% of these (Figure 21). A 2016 assessment of public health centres in Lebanon found 23 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 24 See discussion of the distinctions between hospitals and other types of health care facilities in Chapter 8: Inequalities. 25 World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, 4th ed. incorporating the first addendum, WHO, Geneva, 2017, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ drinking-water-quality-guidelines-4-including-1st-addendum/en>. 26 Including faecal coliforms, Pseudomona aeruginosa, and toxic chemicals. that 61% of facilities had a basic water service but a quarter of these facilities had faecally contaminated water. More than half of the health care facilities with unimproved water sources (no service) had faecally contaminated water. No water quality data could be collected from the health care facilities that had limited services in Bhutan or Lebanon because they did not have water available at the time of assessment. Water can also be contaminated within the hospital network. In Costa Rica, where all hospitals had piped water supplies in 2017, 3% had water entering the facility that did not meet national drinking water standards,26 while one in eight had intra-hospital piped supplies that did not meet standards (Figure 22). This also highlights the significance of where (and when) water samples are collected for testing. Piped water is more widely available in hospitals than in other health care facilities FIGURE 20 Piped water supplies in hospitals and other health care facilities, individual surveys from 50 countries with data available, 2010–18 (%) 23 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES FIGURE 21 Proportion of facilities with water that meets national water quality standards for E. coli in Bhutan (2016, n=28 hospitals)27 and Lebanon (2016, n=166 public health centres)28 (%) 27 Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, Thimphu, Bhutan, 2016, <www.washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. 28 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, report submitted to UNICEF in November 2017. 29 enHealth, Guidelines for Legionella Control in the Operation and Maintenance of Water Distribution Systems in Health and Aged Care Facilities, Australian Government, Canberra, 2015, <www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/A12B57E41EC9F326CA257BF0001F9E7D/$File/Guidelines-Legionella-control.pdf>. 30 Alvarado, DM and Navarro, PR, Estimación de la calidad del agua para consume humano en centros de salud de Costa Rica al año 2017, Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas, 2017. Water safety plans can help facilities mitigate risks to water quality, for instance by implementing on-site treatment. Water safety plans can also be informed by plumbing codes that help prevent cross-contamination and control pathogens such as Legionella which can thrive in biofilms within distribution systems.29 FIGURE 22 Proportion of hospitals in Costa Rica with water that met national water quality standards for faecal and toxic chemical contaminants (%)30 Health care facilities with basic water services do not always meet national water quality standards Water may be safe at the point of delivery and then become contaminated within the hospital network 24 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Water continuity A continuous supply of water is critical in health settings, particularly for emergency care and childbirth, but is not always available in health care facilities with basic water services. The JMP classifies facilities reporting that water is available most of the time (for example, at least 12 hours per day, four days per week or 15 days per month) as having water available (Box 3). For example, a survey in Peru found that 6% of health care facilities had basic water services with 12–23 hours of supply, while 27% had limited services because the water supply was available for fewer than 12 hours per day or unreported (Figure 23). In Uganda, 90% of facilities had 15 or fewer days in the previous month without water for two or more hours and were classified as having water available; 70% had continuous water every day for the previous month. Only 2% of health care facilities in Kenya lacked water for two or more hours in 45 or more of the last 90 days; 70% reported having no days with such service cuts over the previous 90 days. Figure 23 illustrates that the duration of service interruptions, and associated impact on the quality of health care provided, varies widely between and within countries. In Peru, Uganda and Kenya, nearly one third of facilities did not have a continuous water supply FIGURE 23 Proportion of health care facilities without water available over an average 24-hour period in Peru (WHO, 2017) and without water for two or more hours a day in the previous 30 days in Uganda (SDI, 2013) and previous 90 days in Kenya (SDI, 2012) (%) 25 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Large quantities of water are required to provide quality care at health care facilities. While normative guidelines are available (Table 6) and should be considered when designing health care facilities, it is often not practical to monitor actual quantities at an aggregate level. A few countries have monitored water su¦ciency based on health care worker perspectives. Water storage can help mitigate short-term intermittency, bridge seasonal shortages and increase climate change resilience, but storage capacities are not always su¦cient. For example, 82% of hospitals in Bhutan had a water storage tank in 2016, but 39% of facilities faced a severe shortage or lack of water every year. In Cambodia, 78% of health care facilities had a storage tank in 2010, but over half (51%) did not have su¦cient water throughout the year. In West Bank and Gaza Strip, 15% of facilities relied on stored water in 2014, either as their main source or to supplement the piped water supply. Drinking water Water consumption is an important part of medical treatment (for example, to take medicines), recovery and maintaining health. Water carries nutrients to cells, protects organs and helps flush out waste. Women, specifically, may need large amounts 31 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. of drinking water during childbirth and while breastfeeding. Health care facilities, especially those with inpatient services, should provide adequate quantities of safe drinking water to patients, staff and visitors, but this is not always the case. For example, in Bangladesh, 79% of hospitals had an improved water source located inside for general use, but only 59% had drinking water for patients and staff from a comparable source (Figure 24). HEALTH CARE SETTING MINIMUM WATER QUANTITY REQUIREMENT Outpatients 5 litres/consultation Inpatients 40–60 litres/patient/day Inpatient therapeutic feeding centre 60 litres/patient/day Cholera treatment centre 60 litres/patient/day Severe acute respiratory diseases isolation centre 100 litres/patient/day Operating theatre or maternity unit 100 litres/intervention Viral haemorrhagic fever isolation centre 300–400 litres/patient/day TABLE 6 Minimum water quantities required in health care settings31 Fewer hospitals in Bangladesh had drinking water for patients and staff compared to water for general use FIGURE 24 Proportion of hospitals in Bangladesh with water for general use and drinking water for patients and staff by facility type and location (National Hygiene Baseline Survey, 2014, n=875) (%) 26 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SANITATION SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Safe sanitation is a human right. Sanitation services in health care facilities are essential to deliver high quality care that improves the health, welfare and dignity of patients and staff and improves health outcomes. Inadequate sanitation in health care facilities can lead to people not seeking health care when they need it, and can reduce health care professionals’ work satisfaction. Patients may have limited mobility or need adapted infrastructure to facilitate their safe and convenient use of toilets following surgery or childbirth. Faeces are the principal source of bacteria, viruses and parasites that cause diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera and shigellosis) as well as many other infectious diseases. People who are sick shed many more pathogens in their faeces than healthy people. People seeking care in health care facilities often have weakened immune systems and are particularly vulnerable to infection by faecal pathogens. Health care workers can also be put at risk of exposure to faecal pathogens in the workplace. Sanitary management of excreta in health care is particularly important to ensure faecal pathogens do not contaminate the health care facility environment or surrounding areas. The sanitation ladder is used to classify health care facilities as having basic services, limited services or no service (Figure 25). The basic service level requires that health care facilities have usable toilets or latrines, but also that these sanitation facilities are accessible and cater to the needs of different kinds of users: staff and visitors, women and men, and those with limited mobility. This chapter also highlights examples of monitoring 27 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES SANITATION Basic service Improved sanitation facilities32 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. Limited service At least one improved sanitation facility is available, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service Toilet facilities are unimproved (e.g. pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines, bucket latrines) or there are no toilets. FIGURE 25 Basic sanitation services ladder for health care facilities In 2017, a census of WASH conditions in institutional settings and public spaces was completed in Lebanon (Figure 26). The assessment found that nearly all public 32 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. In cases where health facility surveys use the generic term ‘toilets’, the JMP classes these as improved facilities. In cases where health facility surveys use the generic term ‘toilets’, the JMP classes these as improved facilities. 33 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, report submitted to UNICEF in November 2017. health centres (96%) had some kind of sanitation facility. However, only 83% had improved services, and the remaining 18% were classified as having no sanitation service. In all public health centres that had improved sanitation, the toilets were usable, and in most cases separate toilets were designated for women and men, and for staff. But relatively few had menstrual hygiene facilities, and even fewer were accessible for users with limited mobility. The Lebanon survey is one of the few assessments with facility level data for all elements of basic sanitation services, and found that only 5% of health care facilities met all of the criteria. However, since information on the different elements of basic sanitation services in most cases come from different sources, the basic services indicator cannot always be calculated at the level of the individual health care facility. For the purposes of global monitoring, the JMP calculates the basic service indicator based on the minimum of the aggregate values for each element, which in the case of Lebanon is accessibility to those with limited mobility, at 16%. FIGURE 26 Proportion of public health centres by type and level of sanitation service, Lebanon, 201733 (%) Illustration of construction of sanitation services ladder: Lebanon important aspects of sanitation services beyond the basic service level, such as the cleanliness of toilets and the systems for treatment and disposal of excreta, which are not monitored globally due to data limitations. 28 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S BASIC SANITATION SERVICES Data on the proportion of health care facilities with no sanitation service were available from 65 countries, representing 59% of the global population, which was su¦cient to make a global estimate. A global estimate could also be made for the proportion of health care facilities with improved and usable sanitation facilities (48 countries, representing 35% of the global population). But far fewer countries had su¦cient data to estimate the proportion of health care facilities with: sanitation facilities designated for women (19 countries, representing 0.5 billion people); separate toilets for staff and toilets adapted for limited mobility (each with 17 countries, representing 0.4 billion people); and sex-separated toilets that provided facilities for menstrual hygiene management (MHM) (ten countries, representing 0.2 billion people). Estimates for basic sanitation services were only available for 18 countries, representing 7% of the global population (Figure 27). More than one in five health care facilities globally (21%) had no sanitation service in 2016 (Figure 28), meaning that they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. This translates to over 1.5 billion people having no sanitation service at their health care facility. Estimates of basic sanitation services were available for 18 countries, with a population of 0.5 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 27 Data coverage for sanitation services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 29 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Four SDG regions had estimates of no sanitation service, ranging from 5% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia to 40% in Central and Southern Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa (the only SDG region to have an estimate for basic services) less than one in four health care facilities (23%) had basic services. Insu¦cient data were available to generate any regional estimates for the other four SDG regions. Coverage of basic sanitation services varied widely among the 18 countries with estimates available in 2016 (Figure 29). In ten of these countries, fewer than one in four health care facilities had basic sanitation services. Globally, 21% of health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 28 Regional and global sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Estimates of basic sanitation services were available for 18 countries in 2016 FIGURE 29 Sanitation services in health care facilities among countries with estimates for basic services in 2016 (%) 30 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Improved and usable Part of the definition of basic sanitation services is that health care facilities should have improved and usable sanitation facilities. ‘Improved’ sanitation facilities are designed to hygienically separate excreta from human contact. Improved facilities include both wet systems (flush/pour flush toilets connected to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines) and dry systems (ventilated improved pit latrines, dry pit latrines with slabs, or composting toilets).34 ‘Unimproved’ facilities include pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines and bucket latrines. Sanitation technologies vary widely across countries (Figure 30); in Senegal, most health care facilities have water-based systems with on-site septic tanks, while in Bangladesh, there are roughly equal proportions of health care facilities with sewer connections, septic tanks and pit latrines. By contrast, in Haiti, Malawi and the United Republic of Tanzania, dry latrines are more common. 34 For more information on and illustrations of the different types of improved sanitation facilities, see the fact sheets in: World Health Organization, Guidelines on Sanitation and Health, WHO, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en>. 35 Joseph G, Alam BB, Islam K, et al., Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Bangladesh’s Community Health Clinics, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Bank, Dhaka, 2018. Sometimes, health care facilities have toilets, but they are not usable. To be usable, toilets should be available, functional and private. Toilets may exist but not be available to patients and staff if they are located outside the premises or if they are locked and the key is not available at all times. Toilets may be non-functional; the toilet drain, or drop hole, might be blocked or overflowing, or the toilet structure could be cracked or leaking. Flush/pour-flush toilets are not functional if water is not available. Toilets can be considered unusable when they don’t afford privacy by having closable doors that can be locked from the inside, and no large gaps or holes in walls. Figure 31 shows that while most health care facilities have improved toilets, these are not always usable. For example, in Bangladesh, a 2017 national assessment35 found that 99% of community clinics reported having at least one toilet, but over 28% reported having no functional toilet. This illustrates the challenge of moving beyond simply building sanitation infrastructure in health care facilities and ensuring toilets are maintained so patients and staff can use them when needed. Sanitation technologies used in health care facilities vary widely across countries FIGURE 30 Sanitation infrastructure used in health care facilities, selected SPA surveys, 2013–17 (%) 31 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES The basic sanitation service level goes beyond simply having usable toilets, to ensuring toilets are available to different kinds of users. • Staff at health care facilities should have dedicated toilets to reduce the risk of infections, particularly during outbreaks. • Women and men should be able to use toilets in privacy. This is most commonly achieved through having separate toilets for women and men. However, especially in small facilities, a gender- neutral room with a single private toilet is also considered sex-separated, as it allows women and men to use the toilet privately and separately. • The toilets available for women and girls should also provide facilities for menstrual hygiene management. They should have a bin with a lid for disposing of used menstrual hygiene products, and water and soap available in a private space for washing. Improved toilets are not always usable FIGURE 31 Proportion of health care facilities with improved and improved and usable sanitation, among countries with data available in 2016 (%) 32 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S • Toilets should be available for patients with limited mobility, according to national standards. In the absence of national standards, toilets should be accessible without stairs or steps, should have a door at least 80 cm wide, and should have handrails or other guides attached to the floor or sidewalls. The door handle and seat should be within reach of people using wheelchairs or crutches/sticks. To meet the criteria for a basic sanitation service, the health care facility must therefore have at least two toilets: one dedicated for staff, and one gender- neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility. Many countries do not currently collect information on all the elements of basic sanitation services (Figure 32). To make the most use of the available data, for this report the JMP has produced estimates of basic sanitation services when data are available on improved and usable toilets, and at least two of the remaining four elements (staff, sex-separated, menstrual hygiene, and limited mobility). Since these elements may come from different data sources, the basic service level is calculated as the minimum of the aggregate values for available elements. This limiting factor varies from country to country; most commonly, the availability of toilets accessible to those with limited mobility is lowest, but in the Maldives, sex-separated toilets were less commonly available. Data on menstrual hygiene facilities are often not available, but in Comoros, this was the limiting factor. In Azerbaijan, Czechia, Ethiopia and Paraguay, data weren’t available on the accessibility of toilets to users with limited mobility; the basic service coverage could therefore be overestimated in those countries. Many countries did not have data for all elements of basic sanitation services in 2016 FIGURE 32 Proportion of health care facilities with elements of basic sanitation among countries with estimates in 2016 (%) 33 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates of improved sanitation were available for 65 countries in 2016 FIGURE 33 Improved sanitation coverage in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 34 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING SANITATION IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES As with water services, governments must set their own standards for sanitation services in health care settings. The global monitoring indicators include criteria for basic sanitation services but do not incorporate important aspects of sanitation such as su¦cient numbers of toilets, faecal sludge management, toilet cleanliness, and additional details related to menstrual hygiene management. In health care facilities where the basic service level is already met, sanitation services may still need improvement. Additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels should be developed and monitored based on national priorities and available resources. Number of toilets The global indicator of basic sanitation services can be met by having a minimum of two toilets in outpatient settings (one toilet dedicated for staff and one gender- neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility). Two toilets may be enough for a small health care facility that only provides outpatient services but larger facilities need more toilets. Global norms call for at least one toilet per 20 users in inpatient settings and recommend that there be a toilet no more than 30 metres from all users.36 In Nigeria, the average number of toilets per health care facility is higher in urban areas than in rural areas (Figure 34), both for toilets for patients and for staff. However, urban facilities are larger, with an average of 16 health care workers per facility, compared to seven in rural areas. Sewer connections Many hospitals and other large health care facilities, especially in urban areas, are connected to municipal sewer systems. Out of the 20 countries with data 36 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 37 World Health Organization, Guidelines on Sanitation and Health, WHO, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/sanitation-waste/sanitation/sanitation-guidelines/en>. available on hospital sewer connections, all of the hospitals in four countries were connected, while less than half of hospitals in 11 countries, and less than a quarter in seven countries, had sewer connections (Figure 35). BOX 4 Sanitation and antimicrobial resistance in health care facilities37 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among human pathogens has been identified by the World Health Organization as one of the greatest global threats to human health. Environmental reservoirs are the most important source of antibiotic resistance genes. Wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facilities pose a particular risk because they contain high levels of antibiotics, resistant pathogens and resistance genes. Open defecation, the discharge of untreated wastewater, and leakage from on-site sanitation systems at health care facilities can all lead to the release of antibiotics, resistant pathogens and resistance genes into environmental reservoirs, and therefore increases in antimicrobial resistance. In Nigeria, the average rural health care facility had one toilet for patients FIGURE 34 Average number of toilets per health care facility in Nigeria (WASH NORM, 2018) 35 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES In 11 out of 20 countries with data, less than half of hospitals had sewer connections FIGURE 35 Proportion of hospitals with sewer connections, by country (2003–18) (%) Most faecal sludge from basic health centres in Afghanistan is used as manure FIGURE 36 Proportion of basic health centres in Afghanistan by method of faecal waste disposal, 2009 (%)38 38 Ministry of Public Health (Islamic Republic of Afghanistan), Report for Baseline Study on Water Sanitation Services and Hygiene Practices in Basic Health Centres and Health Care Facilities, UNICEF and MoPH, Kabul, 2009. Faecal sludge management Facilities without sewer connections need to manage the excreta collected in on-site systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines. Sophisticated on-site wastewater treatment plants can provide an excellent level of treatment. However, when poorly managed, excreta from on-site systems can turn health care facilities into centres of disease transmission, particularly where diseases such as cholera are of high concern. Wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facilities is prone to contain high levels of hazardous biological and chemical contaminants, as well as antimicrobial residues, and should never be reused 36 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S in agriculture.39 However, the final destination of wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facility latrines is rarely monitored, and in some settings reuse is widespread. A 2009 assessment in Afghanistan found that two thirds of basic health centres use faecal waste as manure (Figure 36). Patient satisfaction If patients feel the toilets at a health care facility are in an unacceptable condition, they may avoid using them (or choose not to visit the facility at all). This can lead to open defecation, or people withholding their needs leading to associated health effects such as incontinence and urinary tract infections. A 2011 assessment of patient perspectives on toilets in health care facilities in Lesotho revealed low levels of reported satisfaction from patients who used the toilets (Figure 37). There are many reasons why patients may be dissatisfied with the health care facility toilets, such as insu¦cient cleanliness, privacy, accessibility, lighting, availability of menstrual management facilities, and availability of baby-changing stations. Causes of dissatisfaction are often context-specific. FIGURE 37 Proportion of patients by use of and satisfaction with toilets at health care facilities in Lesotho, 2011, n=639 (%)40 39 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wastemanag/en>. 40 ICON-INSTITUT, Lesotho Health Facilities Survey, ICON-INSTITUT Public Health Sector GmbH, 2011. 41 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. Toilet cleanliness Clean toilets are more likely to be used and appreciated by patients and staff. Conversely, dirty toilets can lead to disease transmission between users, particularly as toilet users in health care facilities may shed large numbers of pathogens. Perceptions of cleanliness are subjective, and countries have assessed patient perspectives on toilet cleanliness in different ways. For example, in a 2018 patient satisfaction survey in Ireland, patients scored hospital toilet cleanliness at 8.4 out of ten on average. Some countries have monitored toilet cleanliness in health settings through trained enumerators (Figure 38). However, indicator definitions vary, and further harmonization is needed for cross- country comparison. For example, the assessment in the Philippines classified toilets as clean if they were observed to have a clean toilet bowl, walls, floor and ceiling. The Lebanon survey considered a health care facility to have clean toilets if they did not have a strong smell, significant numbers of flies or visible signs of faeces. Toilets were classified as ‘somewhat clean’ if there was some smell and/or sign of faecal matter in some but not all toilets. In contrast, the Nepal survey reported observed cleanliness as very good, good, acceptable, bad, or very bad, without further defining these categories. Global standards for health care facilities recommend that toilets are cleaned whenever they are dirty, and at least twice a day, using disinfectant and a brush.41 In Lebanon, 81% of facilities cleaned the toilets at least twice daily and 78% had clean toilets. Two thirds of hospitals in Bhutan cleaned the toilets in inpatient settings at least twice daily, while toilets in outpatient settings and consultation areas were cleaned at least twice daily at around half and one third of hospitals, respectively (Figure 39). A 2016 assessment in Tanzania cited reports of users not leaving the toilets clean after use and highlighted the need for education and awareness raising, in addition to cleaning and general hygiene. Menstrual hygiene facilities and services The kinds of facilities and services needed to manage menstruation are context-specific. Some women use Health care facility toilets in Lesotho are not always acceptable to patients 37 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES disposable products, such as tampons and pads, to manage menstrual flow, while others use reusable materials, such as cloths or menstrual cups. Health care facilities should be able to accommodate users with different types of menstrual hygiene preferences. While a basic level of sanitation service includes having a bin for disposable menstrual materials and a private space with soap and water for washing, some countries monitor additional aspects of menstrual hygiene based on local needs and priorities. For example, over one third of health care facilities in Lebanon provided basic facilities for MHM in 2016, including water and soap, privacy and covered bins for disposal; fewer facilities provided additional services such as training on safe disposal of sanitary pads (Figure 40). A 2018 study by the British Medical Association found that only 56% of hospital trusts and health boards in the United Kingdom routinely supply sanitary products to patients, with an additional 29% providing products in emergencies.42 In response, the National Health Service of England indicated that hospitals would be required to provide free sanitary products to any patient who needs them by the summer of 2019. 42 British Medical Association, ‘Sanitary product provision for inpatients’, 4 February 2019, BMA, London, 2019, <www.bma.org.uk/collective-voice/policy-and-research/public-and- population-health/sanitary-product-provision-for-inpatients>, accessed 13 March 2019. 43 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. FIGURE 40 Proportion of health care facilities with different provisions for menstrual hygiene management in Lebanon (2016, n=166) (%)43 Toilets in health care facility toilets are not always clean FIGURE 38 Proportion of health care facilities with clean toilets, by country (national definitions vary) (%) In Bhutan, toilets were cleaned more frequently in inpatient than in outpatient areas FIGURE 39 Frequency of toilet cleaning in Bhutan by hospital ward (National Assessment, 2016, n=28) (%) Lebanon monitors multiple aspects of menstrual hygiene management in health care facilities 38 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S HYGIENE SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 44 For more details see: World Health Organization, WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/gpsc/5may/ tools/9789241597906/en>. 45 World Health Organization, A Guide to the Implementation of the WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy, WHO, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/infection-prevention/ publications/hh_implementation-guide/en> 46 For more details see: World Health Organization, WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/gpsc/5may/ tools/9789241597906/en>. In 1847, the Hungarian obstetrician Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that the shocking rates of maternal mortality in the Vienna General Hospital were caused by the hospital’s doctors, who would examine patients directly after conducting autopsies, without effectively cleaning their hands. Even without an understanding of germ theory, Semmelweis was able to dramatically reduce mortality by requiring doctors to clean their hands with a chlorine solution after completing autopsies. Since then, effective hand hygiene in health care facilities has been the cornerstone of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines and practices, and is today considered the primary measure for preventing health care associated infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Health care workers are the principal target of efforts to improve hand hygiene, since they care for multiple patients and may come into contact with blood and other bodily fluids. However, visitors to health care facilities can also spread pathogens on their hands, and it is important that health care facilities provide handwashing facilities with soap and water at toilets used by patients as well as other visitors who may be tending to patients’ needs. Interventions to improve hand hygiene in health care settings focus on engaging facility leaders and front line staff, educating health care workers, displaying reminders on posters and improving communications, monitoring practices and providing feedback, and above all ensuring that health care workers have easy access to soap and water, and/or alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR), and know how to use them effectively. WHO’s five ‘key moments’ for hand hygiene in health care facilities are (1) before touching a patient, (2) before clean/aseptic procedures, (3) after body fluid exposure/risk, (4) after touching a patient, and (5) after touching patient surroundings.44 There should be su¦cient, and functional, hand hygiene facilities to ensure health care workers, caregivers and patients can carry out hand hygiene at all five key moments. Furthermore, WHO recommends using a multi-modal approach to improving hand hygiene, centred around evaluation and feedback, workplace reminders, and developing a climate of institutional safety.45 BOX 5 Soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub? It is quicker and easier to clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) rather than washing hands with soap and water. Encouraging the use of ABHR by health care workers can greatly improve hand hygiene compliance, as well as providing a backup when there are water shortages. However, ABHR is less effective when hands are visibly dirty or soiled with blood or other bodily fluids. In such cases (as well as after using the toilet), handwashing with soap and water is recommended. Some pathogens (such as Clostridium diŒcile) may not be effectively removed or inactivated by ABHR. If exposure to such pathogens is strongly suspected or proven, handwashing with soap and water is the preferred means of hand hygiene. Additional hygiene measures are required for preventing germ transmission, for example the use of personal protective equipment.46 HYGIENE Basic service Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Limited service Functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets but not both. No service No functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets. FIGURE 41 Basic hygiene services ladder for health care facilities 39 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIESHand hygiene cannot be performed without access to hand hygiene facilities, and, for the purposes of national and global monitoring, the basic services indicator focuses on the availability of soap and water, or alcohol- based hand rub, at locations where patients receive care. The basic service level additionally includes having soap and water at toilets. If a health care facility has functional47 hand hygiene facilities either at points of care or toilets, but not both, it is classified as having limited services, while facilities with no functional hand hygiene facilities at all are considered to have no service. BOX 6 Points of care44 A point of care is defined as the place where three elements come together: the patient, the health care worker, and care or treatment involving contact with the patient or his/her surroundings (within the patient zone). The concept embraces the need to perform hand hygiene at recommended moments exactly where care delivery takes place. This requires that a hand hygiene product (for example, alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water) be easily accessible and as close as possible – within arm’s reach of where patient care or treatment is taking place. Point of care products should be accessible without having to leave the patient zone. 47 To be considered functional, hand hygiene facilities at points of care must have either alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water. If alcohol-based hand rub is used, health care staff may also carry a dispenser around between points of care. To be considered functional, hand hygiene facilities at toilets must have soap and water available within five metres of toilets. Alcohol-based hand rub is not considered adequate for hand hygiene at toilets, as it does not remove faecal matter from hands. Health care facilities should have hand hygiene materials at all places where patients receive care. Some monitoring programmes track if hand hygiene materials are available at multiple locations within a health care facility, while others involve random spot checks at specific points of care. In order to make consistent comparisons, for global monitoring purposes, the availability of hand hygiene facilities at any point of care counts towards the basic service level. Wherever possible, the JMP uses data relating to hand hygiene in the outpatient department or general consultation area, even if other areas lack hand hygiene facilities. Figure 42 illustrates that in China, nearly all health care facilities have handwashing facilities, most of which have water, but only a third have soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub at points of care (36%). Since two out of three Chinese health care facilities have soap and water at toilets (67%), the availability of hand hygiene materials at points of care is the limiting factor for basic hygiene services. Taking the minimum of the two values as the determining factor for the basic service may overestimate basic services, since some health care facilities could have hand hygiene facilities at points of care but not at toilets. 40 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Illustration of construction of the hygiene services ladder: China FIGURE 42 Proportion of health care facilities with hand hygiene facilities and soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub, China (Health Care Facilities Survey, 2018) (%) BASIC HYGIENE SERVICES 41 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES However, since the data for these different indicators may come from different surveys or datasets, it is not always possible to calculate basic services at the level of individual health care facilities, and the JMP makes this calculation based on the aggregate values for health care facilities in each domain. Globally, in 2016, one in six health care facilities (16%) had no hygiene service, meaning that hand hygiene facilities were not available either at points of care or toilets (Figure 43). Only one SDG region, Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, had su¦cient data to generate estimates for basic hygiene services, while four regions had su¦cient data to calculate the proportion of health care facilities with no hygiene service. Insu¦cient data were available to make estimates for the four other SDG regions and very few high-income countries had data available in 2016. Although health care facilities in high-income countries are more likely to have access to soap and running water (as well as improved sanitation), they may still face logistical and supply-chain hurdles for alcohol-based hand rub. Sometimes countries assert 100% coverage of basic services (noting that it is a legal requirement or building regulation), but in the Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries, with a combined population of 1.7 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 44 Data coverage for hygiene services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 Globally, 16% of health care facilities had no hygiene service in 2016 FIGURE 43 Regional and global hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 42 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S absence of verified data on compliance, the JMP does not use such information to produce national estimates. Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries in 2016, with a combined population of 1.7 billion (Figure 44). This represents only 19% of the global population and is not su¦cient to make a global estimate. In three of these countries insu¦cient data were available to distinguish between health care facilities with limited services and no hygiene service (Figure 45). Only 16 of the 59 countries with any data on hand hygiene had information about the availability of soap and water at toilets. Many more countries (55, with a combined population of 2.9 billion or 35% of the global population) collect information about the availability of hand hygiene facilities at points of care, though it is more common to collect data on soap and water than on alcohol-based hand rub. Globally, 57% of health care facilities had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. Among the 19 countries with data on both soap and water and alcohol-based hand rub at points of care, some countries, including the United Republic of Tanzania, had relatively higher availability of handwashing facilities with soap and water, while others, such as Myanmar, had greater access to alcohol-based hand rub (Figure 46). Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries in 2016 FIGURE 45 Hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In some countries, soap and water are more commonly available at points of care; in others, alcohol-based hand rub is more common FIGURE 46 Proportion of health care facilities with alcohol-based hand rub and with soap and water at points of care, 19 countries with data available, 2016 (%) 43 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates of hand hygiene facilities at points of care were available for 55 countries in 2016 FIGURE 47 Proportion of health care facilities with hand hygiene materials at points of care, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) Availability of hand hygiene materials at points of care varies widely between countries and regions, with most regions having at least one country with less than 50% coverage and at least one country with over 90% coverage (Figure 47). 44 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING HYGIENE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments have a duty to set standards for hygiene in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve services where necessary. The global indicator for basic hygiene services serves as a useful starting point but does not incorporate other important aspects of hygiene, such as hand hygiene technique and compliance at key moments, accessibility of handwashing stations in all points of care, or the presence and condition of bathing areas. In many health care facilities, the basic service level is already met, but hygiene services still need improvement. Countries where basic services are already the norm should consider developing and monitoring additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels. A few illustrative examples of national monitoring beyond the basic service level are provided here, but further work is required to standardize these measures. Availability of hand hygiene supplies by hospital area The basic hygiene service level includes the presence of soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub at points of care. Data from the general outpatient exam area are typically used, but availability can vary by type of exam room. In Malawi, hand hygiene facilities (running water and soap or alcohol-based hand rub) were available at 75% of delivery rooms and 65% of outpatient departments, but only 36% of child vaccination areas (Figure 48). Fewer than a third (31%) of health care facilities had hand hygiene materials available at all points of care. The outpatient department is the point of care used as the reference for global monitoring purposes, but this global metric reflects a potential overestimation of the availability of hand hygiene materials throughout the health care facility. Hand hygiene practices The presence of hand hygiene materials is necessary for but does not guarantee compliance at key 45 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES moments. For example, in 2014, a survey involving a five-hour structured observation of nearly 5,000 hand hygiene opportunities at health care facilities in Bangladesh found that while 69% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, only 17% of health care workers washed their hands with soap after touching patients or wounds, and only 2% washed their hands with soap before patient contact or aseptic tasks (Figure 49). Similarly, while half the health care facilities in Cambodia in 2010 had handwashing facilities inside, health care workers washed their hands with soap during less than one in 30 consultations. In Malawi, hand hygiene facilities are least likely to be found in child vaccination rooms FIGURE 48 Proportion of examination rooms, by type, with soap and water and alcohol-based hand rub, observed at the time of visit at health care facilities in Malawi (Service Provision Assessment, 2013, n=540-977) (%) Hospital workers do not always practise hand hygiene at the five key moments FIGURE 49 Hand hygiene compliance in hospitals in Bangladesh (National Hygiene Baseline Survey, 2014) (%) 46 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Hand hygiene promotion Successful and sustained hand hygiene improvement is achieved by implementing multiple actions to tackle different obstacles and behavioural barriers. Promotional materials and strategies can only improve hand hygiene if hand hygiene facilities are available. In Peru, the proportion of health care facilities with training strategies and incentives for handwashing was 14 percentage points higher than the proportion with handwashing stations with soap and water available in 2017 (Figure 50). In Honduras, nearly half of health care facilities had handwashing promotion but inadequate supplies to practise proper hand hygiene. Sierra Leone provides a positive example of change in attitudes towards handwashing in response to the Ebola epidemic. In a 2014 national census of primary health care facilities, over 95% of health care workers reported changing their handwashing behaviours since learning about Ebola (Figure 51). However, self-reported hand hygiene practices are often much higher than actual compliance due to respondent bias. Accessibility of handwashing stations to all Not only health care workers but also patients and visitors need to be able to wash their hands. Patients and visitors may include small children and people with limited mobility or vision. While few countries monitor the accessibility of handwashing stations in health care facilities, one survey in Lebanon found that roughly 40% of facilities had handwashing stations accessible to the youngest children and fewer than 20% had facilities accessible to those with limited mobility and vision (Figure 52). Handwashing is often promoted at health care facilities without handwashing facilities FIGURE 50 Proportion of health care facilities with handwashing facilities and with handwashing promotion, in Peru and Honduras (WHO, 2017) (%) Over 95% of health care workers in Sierra Leone reported improving hand hygiene practices after learning about Ebola FIGURE 51 Proportion of health care workers in Sierra Leone that reported changing their hand hygiene behaviour after hearing of Ebola (Health Facility Survey, 2014) (%) 47 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES FIGURE 52 Proportion of health care facilities in Lebanon with handwashing stations accessible to small children and those with limited mobility or vision (2016, n=166) (%)48 48 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. 49 Monro, A and Mulley, GP, ‘Hospital Bathrooms and Showers: A continuing saga of inadequacy’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2004, vol 97(5), pp 235–237, <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014107680409700507>. Bathing areas Bathing can reduce health care associated infections and improve patients’ sense of well-being. Patients should be able to bathe in functional, clean and accessible facilities that respect their privacy and dignity. However, even where bathing facilities exist, they do not always meet patient needs. A 2004 sub-national assessment in the United Kingdom found that 10% of showers were not functioning and 28% of hospital wards did not have showers that were accessible to wheelchair users.49 Comparison with similar studies from over 20 years before the assessment suggested a very slow rate of improvement. Fewer than one in five health care facilities in Lebanon had handwashing stations accessible to those with limited mobility or vision in 2016 48 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 50 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wastemanag/en>. 51 World Health Organization, Management of Waste from Injection Activities at District Level, WHO, Geneva, 2006, <www.who.int/management/quality/ManagementWasteInjections.pdf>. Most waste produced in health care facilities – about 85% – is not hazardous and can be disposed of along with general solid waste. The remaining 15% is either infectious, chemically hazardous or radioactive, and must be managed appropriately to prevent unsafe exposure to health care workers, patients, visitors, waste handlers and the public.50 Used needles and other sharp materials are generally considered the most hazardous category of health care waste because they can easily cause needle stick injuries and subsequent infection.51 WASTE MANAGEMENT Basic service Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Limited service There is limited separation and/or treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service There are no separate bins for sharps or infectious waste, and sharps and/or infectious waste are not treated/disposed of safely. FIGURE 53 Basic health care waste management services ladder 49 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES The first step in the management of health care waste is to segregate it into appropriate bags or containers at the point of generation, using at least three categories: general non-hazardous waste, infectious waste, and sharp waste. Following segregation, infectious and sharp waste should be securely stored, and then taken to facilities for treatment and disposal, either on the premises or at a designated off-site facility. For global monitoring, the basic services indicator includes segregation of waste into at least three bins, and safe treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste. If a health care facility has partial systems for segregation and/or treatment of waste, such as burning waste in an open pit rather than a two-stage incinerator, it is classified as having limited services, while facilities without systems for waste segregation or treatment and disposal are considered to have no service. The Indian Ministry of Health & Family Welfare launched the Kayakalp programme in 2015 to complement the broader efforts of the Swachh Bharat (Clean India) initiative. The Kayakalp scheme relies on monitoring a range of indicators related to cleanliness and infection control in health care facilities.52 Health care facilities are assessed by peer organizations and 52 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Guidelines for Implementation of “Kayakalp” Initiative, Government of India, New Delhi, undated, <www.nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/in-focus/ Implementation_Guidebook_for_Kayakalp.pdf>. then verified by third party inspection teams. Data on health care waste management from the 2018 assessment have been analysed by the Indian National Health Systems Resource Centre for 701 public district hospitals and data on primary health centres will be available later in 2019. The hospital data in Figure 54 show that nearly all (97%) district hospitals have some form of waste management, with only 3% being classified as having no service. Disposal of biomedical waste (including sharps and infectious waste) was also high at 94%. Waste segregation, including storage of sharps in puncture-proof containers and segregation of other biomedical wastes according to a 2016 national guideline, was lower at 80%. In all, 76% of Indian hospitals had both segregation and disposal and were classified as having basic services. In 2016, data were available for only three out of eight SDG regions and these were not enough to make global estimates of waste management services in health care facilities (Figure 55). The most complete data were available for sub-Saharan Africa where basic, limited and no service indicators could be calculated. In addition, basic services could be calculated in the Oceania region, while in Northern Africa and Western Asia data were available for the no service indicator. Illustration of construction of the health care waste management services ladder: India FIGURE 54 Waste management services in public district hospitals of India (Kayakalp, 2018) (%) 50 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Data on basic waste management services in health care facilities (including hospitals and other health care facilities) were available from 48 countries (Figure 56), with a combined population of 1.4 billion or 19% of the global population, which is not enough to make a global estimate. However, there were enough data on basic waste management services in hospitals (46 countries, comprising 35% of the global population) to report that two thirds (65%) of hospitals globally have basic services (Figure 57), though this estimate is heavily influenced by the Kayakalp data from India (Figure 54), which found a fairly high level of services. Globally, treatment and disposal of infectious waste and sharps in hospitals were similar at about 80%, though in the case of India, both are reported together as treatment of biomedical waste. Segregation of waste was slightly lower, with only three out of four hospitals (75%) segregating waste into at least three bins. Basic waste management services ranged from 100% in several high-income countries to single digits in some low- income countries (Figure 58). Only 28 out of the 48 countries with basic estimates could also disaggregate between limited Data on basic health care waste management services were available for 48 countries, with a combined population of 1.4 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 56 Data coverage for health care waste management services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 In Least Developed Countries, 27% of health care facilities had basic health care waste management services in 2016 FIGURE 55 Regional and global waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES 51 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Globally one out of three hospitals lacked basic waste management services FIGURE 57 Health care waste management services in hospitals (n=46 countries), 2016 (%) Estimates of basic health care waste management services were available for 48 countries in 2016 FIGURE 58 Waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Waste is sometimes treated without being segregated, and segregated waste is often not treated FIGURE 59 Waste segregation and treatment in health care facilities, 2016 (%) services and no service. In ten of these countries, at least 10% of health care facilities had no service. Of the 48 countries where data were available on both waste segregation and treatment, levels of waste segregation were higher than levels of waste treatment in 26 countries, while in 13 countries treatment was higher than segregation (Figure 59). In the remaining nine countries, segregation and treatment were equal, usually at 100%. In Papua New Guinea, waste segregation was nearly universal, but most waste was burnt in open pits, which doesn’t count towards the basic service level. In contrast, in Burkina Faso treatment of both infectious waste and sharps was high, but segregation of infectious waste relatively low. 52 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Estimates of safe segregation of health care waste were available for 60 countries in 2016 FIGURE 60 Proportion of health care facilities with waste segregation, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 53 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates for safe treatment and disposal of health care waste were available for 53 countries in 2016 FIGURE 61 Proportion of health care facilities with waste treatment, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 54 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Many countries collect information on segregation of health care waste, and national estimates were available for 60 countries in 2016 (Figure 60), representing 40% of the global population. On average, 60% of health care facilities had at least some segregation system. However, the way in which segregation is assessed varies considerably from survey to survey. Some simply record if there is a sharps box, while others check to see if sharps boxes are available in all waste-producing areas, are used properly (for example, not overfilled) and are appropriately labelled. Many surveys don’t collect information about segregation of other waste or use of the recommended three bin system. The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys do collect information on the availability of sharps containers (safety boxes) and waste receptacles (pedal bins) with a lid and plastic liner for storage of infectious waste, and in most cases find that segregation and appropriate storage is significantly better for sharps than for infectious waste (Figure 62). Surveys that collect information only about sharps containers may therefore overestimate segregation practices in health care facilities. Slightly fewer countries had national estimates on waste treatment and disposal than had estimates on waste segregation. National estimates on health care waste treatment were available for 53 countries, representing 21% of the global population. In six of the seven SDG regions where national data were available, at least one country had fewer than 25% of health care facilities practising safe health care waste treatment and disposal (Figure 61). Only around one in ten health care facilities in Papua New Guinea, Guinea-Bissau and Myanmar used safe treatment methods for infectious and sharps waste. Waste segregation and storage is usually higher for sharps than for infectious waste FIGURE 62 Appropriate segregation and storage of sharps and infectious waste in selected Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys, 2012–17 (%) 55 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Most countries report similar levels of treatment for sharps and infectious waste (Figure 63), and in many data sources, treatment is not reported separately for the two kinds of waste. Where there are differences, sharps waste tends to be slightly better managed than infectious waste. For example, the 2017 Service Provision Assessment survey in Senegal found that nearly 80% of sharps waste was removed off-site in protected containers, compared with 11% of infectious waste. Most infectious waste was instead treated on site, either in an incinerator, which counts towards the global basic services indicator, or through open burning, which does not (Figure 64). However, in Azerbaijan, all infectious waste, but only 55% of sharps waste, is reportedly treated appropriately. A wide range of technologies are used to treat health care waste, and the most appropriate technology will depend on local circumstances, balancing the need to protect public health and the environment. Sharps and infectious waste often receive similar levels of treatment FIGURE 63 Treatment of infectious waste and sharps in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 56 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Open burning of sharps waste is widespread FIGURE 64 Method used for treatment and disposal of sharps in selected Service Provision Assessment (SPA) surveys 2012–17 (%) In accordance with the Basel Convention,53 it is recommended that waste treatment techniques that minimize the formation and release of chemicals or hazardous emissions should be prioritized. Incineration or burning is widely practised, but can cause serious environmental pollution, including the formation of highly toxic dioxin and furan compounds. The Stockholm Convention54 sets targets for avoiding the formation of dioxins and furans by either avoiding combustion-based technologies or ensuring that combustion is done at high temperature: a first chamber should reach at least 850 °C, while temperatures in a second chamber should reach at least 1,100 °C to minimize the formation of toxic compounds.55 However, health care facilities in low-income and middle-income settings more commonly use simpler single-chamber incinerators or open burning (Figure 64), which don’t reach high enough temperatures to prevent the formation of toxic chemicals. This may be the best available option as a transitional measure if the 53 The most comprehensive global environmental treaty on hazardous and other wastes is: United Nations Environment Programme, The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, UN, Geneva, 1989, <www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview>. 54 United Nations Environment Programme, The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), UN, Geneva, 1989 <www.pops.int> a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from highly dangerous, long-lasting chemicals, by restricting and ultimately eliminating their production, use, trade, release and storage. 55 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wastemanag/en>. only alternative is uncontrolled dumping. Where low- temperature burning is practised, health care facilities should avoid burning PVC plastics and other chlorinated wastes that can lead to the formation of dioxins and furans. For global monitoring, the JMP counts incineration, including single-stage, towards the basic service level, but does not count open burning. Burial in a protected lined pit or removal for treatment offsite are also counted towards the basic service level. In principle, steam-based technologies such as autoclaving, or innovative technologies such as microwave radiation and frictional heat treatment can also effectively decontaminate waste and would count towards the basic service level, but these are not commonly available in low-income and middle-income settings or recorded in most facility assessments. Some surveys (including SARA and SPA) collect information on a variety of treatment technologies (Figure 64), but many assessments only record if waste is burned. 57 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments must set their own standards for health care waste management and put programmes in place to improve their services in line with strengthening the health system. The global indicator for basic services is a useful starting point, but does not incorporate important aspects of waste management, such as whether incinerators function reliably, how waste generation can be minimized, and disposal of placentas in delivery settings. Even in health care facilities with a basic service, waste management services may still need improvement. Where resources allow, additional indicators should be monitored based on national priorities. Incinerator functionality High temperature two-chamber incineration is considered a safe treatment method for health care waste, as it minimizes the formation of toxic compounds. However, in some countries, incinerators at health care facilities are not functional or fuel is not available to operate them (Figure 65). For example, in Malawi, over half of health care facilities had an incinerator, but at the time of the survey, the incinerator was functional at 88% of these facilities and fuel was available at only 45%. In Somalia, 15% of health care facilities had an incinerator, but 60% and 66% of those had a functional system and fuel available, respectively. Waste minimization Health care waste that is not safely treated can have harmful effects on human and environmental health. In some countries, a large quantity of infectious and sharps waste produced at health care facilities is released into the environment without safe treatment. In Yemen, for example, a 2017 assessment of 72 hospitals found that each generated on average roughly 8.2 kg of sharps waste per day, of which 5 kg was not safely segregated and only 1.3 kg was safely segregated and treated (Figure 66). Similarly, 11.8 kg of infectious waste was produced per day on average, but only 1.5 kg was safely segregated and treated. While it is critical to ensure hazardous health care waste is safely treated and disposed of, it is also important to exclude non-hazardous waste from waste streams that Waste incinerators are not always functional and do not always have fuel available to operate FIGURE 65 Proportion of health care facilities with waste incinerators that were functional and had fuel available at the time of the survey, by country (%) 58 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S require costly treatment processes, such as sterilization or high-temperature incineration. A 2014 evaluation of the contents of infectious waste streams in Irish health care facilities identified 66% of the waste stream as contaminated, 19% as clean packaging material that was non-hazardous, and 15% as uncontaminated and potentially not of risk (Figure 67). The cost of incorrect segregation of non-hazardous waste into the hazardous health care waste stream was an estimated 700 Euro per tonne. Based on the amount of waste produced (1.9 kg and 0.2 kg per in-patient bed at hospitals and health centres, respectively) the government estimated hospitals could save up to 27,000 Euro per year and health centres could save up to 6,000 Euro per year by ensuring non-hazardous waste is excluded from hazardous waste streams.56 56 Irish Environmental Protection Agency, Reducing Waste in Irish Healthcare Facilities: Results, guidance and tips from a 3-year programme, CIT Press, Cork, 2014, <www.epa.ie/pubs/ advice/green%20business/Reducing-food-waste-in-Irish-healthcare-Facilities-foodwaste-guidance-booklet-reduced-size.pdf>. 57 Olanyiy, FC, Ogola, JS, and Tshitangano, TG, ‘A review of medical waste management in South Africa’, Open Environmental Sciences, 2018, 10, pp 34–45, <benthamopen.com/ FULLTEXT/TOENVIRJ-10-34>. In addition to the financial implications of appropriately separating waste, there are other resource limitations to consider, including space and disposal site management. In South Africa, health care facilities produced approximately 45,000 tonnes of health care waste in 2013. Authorized disposal sites have been unable to manage the large quantities of incoming health care waste and illegal dumping has been reported.57 Segregating non-hazardous waste and excluding it from the hazardous waste stream reduces the amount of waste to be treated and, in places where safe disposal sites are overextended, can help alleviate health risks associated with illegal dumping of medical waste. Best practice waste management will aim to avoid or recover and recycle as much material as possible, to reduce the need for waste treatment and disposal. 59 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Placenta disposal Pathological waste management should include safe placenta disposal in any delivery setting. Placentas, and pathological waste generally, should not be treated with chemical disinfectants, which destroy the microorganisms that aid the decomposition process. Safe burial of pathological waste in cemeteries or safe burning in crematoriums are recommended disposal options. A common treatment method in low-resource settings is a placenta pit, which allows the solids to biodegrade and liquids to percolate into the ground. In some cultures, mothers and their families may prefer to take the placenta home or bury it themselves. While few countries have data on placenta disposal, Cambodia provides an interesting example from 2016. In 69% of hospitals and health centres, placenta waste was typically treated in onsite protected placenta pits, in 20% the mother usually took the placenta home, in 6% the placenta was buried on the facility grounds, and the remaining 5% of facilities did not have delivery services (Figure 68). When health care workers were asked what the major WASH-related constraints were at the facility, 7% of respondents specifically mentioned the lack of a placenta pit. Much of the waste produced in Yemen hospitals was not segregated or treated FIGURE 66 Production, segregation and treatment of sharps waste in Yemen hospitals (WHO Emergency Health and Nutrition Project, 2017) (%) Better segregation could reduce the amount of health care waste sent for treatment FIGURE 67 Proportion of waste in the Irish health care waste stream by level of contamination (Ireland EPA, 2014) (%) Placentas are often placed in a placenta pit or taken home by the mother FIGURE 68 Placenta disposal methods in Cambodian hospitals and health centres (National Institute of Public Health, 2016, n=117) (%) 60 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 58 World Health Organization, Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level, WHO, Geneva, 2016, <www.who.int/gpsc/ipc-components/en>. 59 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infection Control Africa Network, Best Practices for Environmental Cleaning in Healthcare Facilities (DRAFT), CDC and ICAN, Atlanta, 2019. Environmental contamination plays a role in the transmission of health care associated infections (HCAI). Some of the pathogens frequently linked with HCAI can survive for months on surfaces such as bed rails, tables and floors.58 Effective environmental cleaning is a fundamental intervention for infection prevention and control (IPC) and has been shown to significantly reduce the transmission of HCAI. Environmental cleaning refers to the cleaning and disinfection (when necessary) of environmental surfaces (for example, bed rails, call buttons, chairs) and surfaces of non-critical patient care equipment (for example, IV poles, stethoscopes).59 Environmental cleaning also includes the cleaning and disinfection of floors and bathrooms, and the management of spills of blood and bodily fluids. Environmental cleaning requires products such as cleaning tools (for example, cleaning cloths and wipes, mops, buckets) and cleaning materials (for example, detergents, disinfectants) as well as personal protective equipment for the cleaning staff. Also, fundamentally, environmental cleaning requires access to su¦cient quantities of clean water. Different products and materials should be used for different types of cleaning, including routine cleaning conducted on a regular basis, terminal cleaning conducted after patient discharge, and responsive cleaning following specific events, such as spills of blood or bodily fluids. All health care facilities should establish environmental cleaning policies that describe the required type and frequency of cleaning for different purposes, who is responsible for doing the cleaning, and how cleaning should be performed and recorded. Health care facilities should develop written protocols or standard operating procedures (SOPs) that specify the tools and materials that should be used for each type of cleaning and provide step-by-step instructions on the process. SOPs should also describe preparatory steps, including the use of personal protective equipment, and final steps, such as the management of soiled cleaning supplies. ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING Basic service Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. Limited service There are cleaning protocols and/or at least some staff have received training on cleaning. No service No cleaning protocols are available and no staff have received training on cleaning. FIGURE 69 Basic environmental cleaning services ladder for health care facilities 61 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES Policies and SOPs are only effective when health care workers are aware of them and trained in their implementation. Environmental cleaning policies should clearly identify who is responsible for which types of cleaning and establish requirements for foundational and refresher trainings for all staff with cleaning responsibilities. This report introduces an environmental cleaning service ladder that defines a basic minimum level of service for all health care facilities and uses data currently available from national sources to classify facilities as having basic services, limited services, or no service (Figure 69). The basic service level consists of having written protocols available and ensuring all staff with cleaning responsibilities have received training. Facilities that either have no protocols in place or have provided some but not all staff with training on environmental cleaning are classified as having limited services, while facilities lacking both protocols and training are considered to have no service. Globally, only four countries had national estimates for basic environmental cleaning in health care facilities (Figure 70). An additional three countries had data on either the availability of cleaning protocols or the training of health care workers (Figure 71). Among the countries with both sets of information, protocols were more commonly available than training in the Maldives and Tunisia, while training was slightly more prevalent than having protocols in Montenegro. Estimates of basic environmental cleaning services were available for four countries in 2016 FIGURE 70 Basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Not all health care facilities had environmental cleaning protocols and not all staff had received training in countries with data in 2016 FIGURE 71 Protocols and training on environmental cleaning services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 62 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments must set their own standards for environmental cleaning in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve their services in line with strengthening the health system. The global indicator for basic environmental cleaning services is a useful starting point but does not incorporate important aspects, such as observed cleanliness, cleaning frequency, availability of cleaning supplies and use of personal protective equipment. In some health care facilities, the basic service level may have already been met but environmental cleaning services still need improvement. Countries may consider additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels depending on the priorities and available resources. The following examples illustrate national monitoring beyond the basic service level for environmental cleaning in health care facilities and are not intended to be comprehensive. 63 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Observed cleanliness While monitoring the elements of basic environmental cleaning services (availability of protocols and extent of training) is typically more objectively comparable and less resource intensive than observing facility cleanliness directly, data on observed cleanliness of health care facilities can provide useful additional information. Surveys in Malawi, Senegal and Bangladesh provide examples of monitoring systems in which survey teams conduct spot checks within facilities and record whether counters, tables and chairs appear to have been wiped clean and floors have been swept (Figure 72). In Tunisia, the overall cleanliness score for health care facilities was 54%, based on five observed criteria:60 • cleaning schedules are posted • cleaning schedules are respected • floors, walls and ceilings are clean • absence of unpleasant smells or tobacco odour • absence of dust and dirt on furniture 60 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017, <winhcf.org>. 61 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 62 Bhutan Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation & Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, city, 2016, <www.washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. Cleaning frequency Global guidelines recommend that all horizontal surfaces in health care facilities are cleaned at least daily and whenever they are dirty.61 Wet mopping with hot water and detergent is advised. While few countries have data on the frequency and methods of cleaning at health care facilities, routine cleaning may be much less frequent than once per day at some facilities and even fewer clean facilities daily with hot water and detergent. For example, in Bhutan, only 68% of hospitals mopped with chlorine or detergent,62 while in Cambodia, 79% of facilities were cleaned at least once per day and 53% used detergent daily in 2016 (Figure 73). Availability of cleaning supplies A consistent supply of cleaning materials, including detergent and disinfectant, is needed for routine cleaning, but disinfectant is often unavailable. Health care facilities are not always clean FIGURE 72 Observed cleanliness in health care facilities in Malawi, Senegal and Bangladesh (%) FIGURE 73 Cleaning frequency and use of detergent in health care facilities in Cambodia (National Institute of Public Health, 2016, n=116) (%) Half of health care facilities in Cambodia were cleaned daily with detergent in 2016 64 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S In seven out of 21 countries with data, fewer than three quarters of health care facilities had disinfectant in the outpatient exam room FIGURE 74 Proportion of health care facilities with environmental disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room for 21 countries, 2012–17 (%) Out of 21 countries with data, fewer than three quarters of health care facilities in seven countries had disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room at the time of the survey (Figure 74). In Somalia, fewer than 40% of facilities had disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room in 2016. Cleaning supplies at different points of care Separate cleaning equipment should be available at each point of care. In some health care facilities, there is a wide gap between different areas. In Malawi, for example, 87% of delivery areas had disinfectant available in 2013, while disinfectant was present in only 47% of child vaccination areas (Figure 75). A similar pattern was observed in Tanzanian health care facilities in 2014. Senegal, on the other hand, had similar availability between different points of care in 2017. 65 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Disinfectant availability may vary by point of care FIGURE 75 Proportion of health care facilities with environmental disinfectant available at different points of care in Senegal, Malawi and United Republic of Tanzania (%) 66 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES INEQUALITIES 63 World Health Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and World Bank, Delivering Quality Health Services: A global imperative for universal health coverage, WHO, OECD and World Bank, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/servicedeliverysafety/quality-report/publication/en>. 64 Constitution of the World Health Organization, WHO, Geneva, 1946, <www.who.int/about/who-we-are/constitution>. 65 Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health, Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/en>. 66 See for example: World Health Organization, Monitoring Health Inequality: An essential step for achieving health equity, WHO, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ handle/10665/133849/WHO_FWC_GER_2014.1_eng.pdf>. Inequalities in access to health care are widespread between and within countries. Poor and marginalized groups often lack access and are among the most vulnerable to disease and preventable deaths. There continue to be large disparities between rich and poor populations in access to health care services, especially those needed to reduce maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Inequalities in access to health care are pronounced in low-income and middle-income countries, but inequity is prevalent in high-income settings too.63 Yet the right to health is a fundamental human right for all, a¦rmed by numerous human rights conventions as well as in the WHO 1946 Constitution.64 In 2008, the Commission on Social Determinants of Health called for strengthening the monitoring of health equity and reducing inequities.65 Since then, increasing attention has been paid to quantitatively assessing inequalities in health,66 and a major determinant of inequality in health outcomes is inequality in access to primary, secondary and tertiary health care across communities. Barriers to equitable access to care include out-of-pocket costs and distance to health care facilities, but also the availability and quality of services at different kinds of facilities. Previous chapters in this report have focused on WASH services at the national, regional and global levels. Aggregate statistics such as these are useful for tracking progress globally and for cross-country comparison but 67 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES Many countries lack disaggregated data for basic WASH services FIGURE 76 Number of countries with national and disaggregated data on basic WASH services, 2016 mask inequalities in access within countries. These can be examined by disaggregating WASH services by different dimensions of inequality (or ‘stratifiers’) and highlighting gaps in service. An individual facility assessment survey might collect many kinds of information that could be used for disaggregating indicators of different services. However, these stratifiers are not always consistent from one survey to another, even within the same country. This report focuses on three high-level stratifiers that are included in many assessments: • Health care facility type. Health facilities can range from advanced training hospitals with thousands of staff who perform complex procedures to rural outpatient clinics with only one or two staff who have minimal training and resources. Different types of facilities offer different types of health services, and coverage of WASH and other basic services may differ widely by facility type. National assessments and monitoring systems do not use a consistent classification of facility types but many do record if facilities being assessed are hospitals or not. Accordingly, the JMP has produced estimates separately for hospitals and other types of facilities, classified as non-hospitals. • Managing authority. In most countries, health care services are delivered through a mix of government health care facilities (for example, public hospitals, health centres, and clinics) and non-government facilities, which may include facilities managed by for-profit private corporations, not-for-profit providers (including faith-based organisations) and individual health care providers. Some assessments collect information only on government facilities, while others assess different types of non- government facilities. Relatively few countries have a single national database covering all health care facility management authorities. • Geography. Health care facilities are not evenly distributed throughout countries, and facilities in remote areas may be more likely to lack basic services. Most assessments record the location of health care facilities by sub-national region, district or other administrative unit. While data on sub-national areas are important for national planning, they cannot easily be aggregated to regional and global scales. Some assessments record whether health care facilities are located in urban or rural areas, which is a more useful distinction for regional and global analysis. Generally, fewer countries have disaggregated data for WASH services than have national data for all the different service areas (Figure 76). For example, while 38 countries have data on basic water services at the national scale, half as many (19) have data for urban and rural areas. 68 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Countries are more likely to have disaggregated data on individual elements of the basic service indicators than on the basic service indicators themselves, but still there are only a few individual elements with enough disaggregated data to make global estimates possible (Table 7). Furthermore, the unequal distribution of data complicates analysis of inequalities at the regional and global scales, because the countries contributing to global estimates may differ from one statistic to another. Table 7 shows that globally 90% of hospitals and 54% of non-hospitals have hand hygiene facilities at points of care. Both statistics draw on data from 35–38% of the global population. However, the hospital data are heavily influenced by India, which did not have comparable data on non-hospitals, while the non-hospital estimate reflects the influence of data from China, which lacked comparable data for hospitals. Comparisons of aggregate statistics should therefore be made with caution. A more robust analysis can be made by comparing paired estimates for countries that have data for both settings. Figure 77 illustrates that in most countries with GLOBAL INDICATOR BETTER SITUATION WORSE SITUATION No water service Hospitals: 4% Non-hospitals: 11% No water service Non-government: 6%* Government: 12% No water service Urban: 5% Rural: 15% No sanitation service Hospitals: 9% Non-hospitals: 20% No sanitation service Government: 16% Non-government: 36% Hand hygiene at points of care Hospitals: 90% Non-hospitals: 54% Waste segregation Hospitals: 75% Non-hospitals: 60% * Data from 2015: Insu™cient data to make a global estimate for 2016. TABLE 7 Disaggregated global estimates of WASH service elements in 2016 Water and sanitation services are more likely to be lacking in rural areas, in non-hospitals and in government health care facilities FIGURE 77 Proportion of health care facilities with no water or sanitation services in 2016, by stratifiers of inequality (%) 69 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES data, health care facilities with no water and sanitation services are more likely to be found in rural areas, and that hospitals are less likely to have no services than non-hospitals. Government facilities are slightly more likely to have no water or sanitation services than non-government facilities, but there is greater variation between countries for this stratifier. This may in part be due to differences in non-government facilities, which could include both small community clinics and large private hospitals. Data on the location and type of water source, and the availability of water from the source, often come from different sources, but the JMP makes use of all available national data to produce estimates (see Annex 1: JMP methods). In some cases, all of the information needed to calculate basic service coverage is available from a single data source (Figure 78). The ECPSS 2017 survey found that while nearly all health care facilities in Senegal (>98%) had some kind of water facility and use of improved sources was high (>85%) in all settings, coverage of basic water services was substantially lower in rural areas than in urban areas. Non-hospitals and government facilities also had lower coverage of basic services, because even when they had improved water supplies, water was not always available at the time of the assessment. Basic water services in health care facilities can vary widely by setting FIGURE 78 Water services in Sénégal, Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS), 2017 (%) 70 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES FACILITY TYPE DESCRIPTION RELATED TERMS Tertiary-level hospital Highly specialized staff and technical equipment – for example, cardiology, intensive care and specialized imaging units; clinical services highly differentiated by function; could have teaching activities; size ranges from 300 to 1,500 beds • National hospital • Central hospital • Academic, teaching or university hospital Secondary-level hospital Highly differentiated by function with five to ten clinical specialties; size ranges from 200 to 800 beds • Regional hospital • Provincial hospital • General hospital Primary-level hospital Few specialties – mainly internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and general surgery, or just general practice; limited laboratory services available for general but not specialized pathological analysis • District hospital • Rural hospital • Community hospital • General hospital TABLE 8 Descriptions and terms for different types of hospital67 67 Jamison, DT et al., eds., Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, second edition, Chapter 66 ‘Referral hospitals’, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and World Bank, Washington D.C., and Oxford University Press, New York, 2006, <www.who.int/management/referralhospitals.pdf>. Facility type There is no universal classification system describing the different types of facilities that make up a national health system. There is a general typology of services, including primary, secondary and tertiary care, where secondary and tertiary health care services are usually, though not always, delivered in hospitals following referral from a primary care professional. Hospitals are large health care settings providing a range of inpatient and outpatient care. Countries have different definitions of what constitutes a hospital, and normally have a range of kinds of hospitals performing various functions (Table 8). The number of beds available for inpatient services is one characteristic that distinguishes different types of hospitals. Primary health care may be delivered in hospitals but, in many cases, patients’ first point of contact with the health system is in a smaller health care facility. A wide range of facilities apart from hospitals can offer primary care, but there is not a consistent set of terms to describe these different institutions. These smaller health care facilities may be found in rural, peri-urban or urban settings, and often provide outpatient but not inpatient care. Some of the more commonly used terms for facilities other than hospitals include: • Health centre, primary health centre, community health centre • Clinic, polyclinic • Health post • Basic health unit • Infirmary • Dispensary • Specialty clinic (for example, dental, mental health) • Physician’s o¦ce • Mobile clinic (for example, vaccination) Where data permit, the JMP groups all health care facilities that are not classified as hospitals into non-hospitals for aggregate analysis, excluding very small facilities (for example, dispensaries, physician’s o¦ces, mobile clinics) and specialty clinics. Since countries always have many more non-hospitals than hospitals, the national statistics for all health care facilities are heavily influenced by the conditions in non-hospitals. Many countries have disaggregated data on different WASH services for hospitals and non-hospitals. Generally, services are higher in hospitals, and in some cases there are large gaps (Figure 79). For example, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, coverage of hygiene at points of care and basic waste management was more than 20 percentage points higher in hospitals than non-hospitals, and more than 40 points higher for improved water on the premises and improved sanitation. In Burkina Faso, 86% of hospitals, but only 32% of other health care facilities, had basic waste management services. In Bangladesh and Zimbabwe, the disparities between hospitals and non-hospitals were much smaller. In a small number of cases (for example, Liberia and Ghana), coverage for some WASH services was higher in non-hospitals than in hospitals. 71 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES These disparities can affect the ability of health care workers at smaller facilities to provide quality care. For example, in Central African Republic, staff at 62% of health care facilities and 86% of health posts had to collect water from sources located off the premises, compared to 26% of hospitals (Figure 80). Among these, water collection was reported to take over 30 minutes each way at 10% of hospitals, 9% of health care facilities and 13% of health posts. Large disparties were also recorded in Cambodia, where 80% of hospitals cleaned the facility with detegent at least once per day compared with 48% of other health care facilities (Figure 81). While no hospitals reported cleaning less frequently than every two days, 12% of other health care facilities cleaned with detergent only once per week. Within the general classes of hospitals and non- hospitals there can also be significant variability in WASH infrastructure and services (Figure 83). In Nepal, different kinds of hospitals had between 67% and 100% coverage with sewer connections or septic tanks, while piped water coverage in non-hospitals ranged from 43% among sub-health posts to 71% in HIV testing and counselling sites. Disaggregated data reveal disparities between hospitals and non-hospitals FIGURE 79 Proportion of health care facilities with improved water on premises, improved sanitation, hand hygiene facilities at points of care, and basic waste management, 2016 (%) Staff working in non-hospitals in Central African Republic spend more time collecting water FIGURE 80 One-way travel time to water source (minutes) in Central African Republic (Health Facility Baseline Survey, 2016) (%) 72 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES 68 Globally, 6% of non-government health care facilities had no water service in 2015. Data were not su™cient to make a global estimate for 2016. Managing authority Governments often directly manage health care facilities, either through central or local government institutions. Non-governmental health care facilities may be managed by for-profit private corporations, not-for- profit providers (including faith-based organizations), and individual health care providers such as private doctors. In some countries, and for some indicators, coverage is higher for government facilities, but the opposite is true in other cases. Globally, twice as many government facilities (12%) had no water service compared to non-government facilities (6%),68 but the reverse was true in Kenya, Benin and Ghana (Figure 83). Globally, non-government facilities were more than twice as likely to have no sanitation service (36%) than government facilities (16%), but in 16 out of 27 countries with data, government facilities were more likely to have no sanitation service. Figure 83 shows there is no clear Hospitals are cleaned more frequently than other health facilities in Cambodia FIGURE 81 Frequency of cleaning in Cambodian health centres and hospitals ( National Institute of Public Health, 2016) Access to piped water and sewer connections or septic tanks varies widely among hospitals and non-hospitals in Nepal FIGURE 82 Proportion of health care facilities in Nepal with piped water and sewer connections or septic tanks, by facility type (Service Provision Assessment, 2015) (%) 73 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES pattern from country to country between government and non-government facilities. Likewise, Figure 84 shows that in six countries with comparable data, improved sanitation coverage didn’t show any consistent pattern among different kinds of non-government managing authorities. There are no clear patterns in WASH services by health care facility managing authority FIGURE 83 Proportion of health care facilities with no water, sanitation and waste management services, by managing authority, 2016 (%) 74 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Geography Geographic location is a strong driver of inequality, and people living in rural or remote areas often face di¦culty in accessing quality health care, especially beyond primary care. Many low-income and middle-income countries have large rural populations and can have large numbers of small health care facilities. In such cases, national statistics are dominated by rural facilities. In the majority of countries with disaggregated data available, rural health care facilities have consistently poorer WASH services than urban facilities (Figure 85). The greatest disparities are observed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with a gap of 50 percentage points for no sanitation service, and in Niger, where 47% of rural but only 2% of urban health care facilities had no water service. No clear trends are evident by type of non-government health care facility FIGURE 84 Proportion of health care facilities with improved sanitation, among non-government managing authorities (%) WASH services are usually better in urban health care facilities FIGURE 85 Proportion of health care facilities with no water, sanitation and waste management services, by urban and rural location, 2016 (%) 75 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES FIGURE 87 Presence of E. coli in improved water sources at public health centres in Lebanon69 (2016, n=166) (%) 69 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. 70 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017. Quality of service in each domain was assessed through a checklist that included 5–15 criteria per domain. Many facility assessments allow for disaggregation by sub-national regions, such as states or districts, which can shed light on regional disparities. Figure 86 shows that in Tunisia, health care facilities in the southernmost region of Tataouine have better conditions in toilets and general cleanliness, but relatively poorer hand hygiene and waste management, compared to neighboring regions.70 According to a 2017 national assessment of WASH in public health centres in Lebanon, over 70% of health care facilities in Bekaa governorate had water from an improved source that was free from E. coli, while in Akkar governorate, 85% of health care facilities had no available improved water source, and water was contaminated with E. coli in half of the facilities that could be tested (Figure 87). WASH services in health care facilities vary in different parts of Tunisia FIGURE 86 WASH services in health care facilities in Tunisia, by region (2017) Water quality in Lebanese health care facilities varies widely by directorate 76 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Universal access to WASH at home and in health care facilities WASH services are generally better in health care facilities than in households. In two thirds of countries (66%) with comparable data, health care facilities were more likely to have improved water sources than households. In 84% of countries, improved sanitation was higher in health care facilities (Figure 90). In 85% of countries, health BOX 7 Fragile states 71 World Bank, Fragility, Conflict & Violence, World Bank, 2019, <www.worldbank.org/en/topic/fragilityconflictviolence>, accessed 13 March 2019. Demand for health care is often greatest in times of conflict, violence and instability, though these same conditions can disrupt WASH and other services necessary to provide quality care. The World Bank’s Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group71 classifies 19 of the 51 countries in the SDG region of sub-Saharan Africa as fragile. Figure 88 shows that WASH services in health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa are consistently lower in fragile states compared with non-fragile states. Figure 89 shows that in some of the regions most affected by the recent conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic, less than one quarter of health centres had functional water supplies in 2017. FIGURE 88 WASH services in health care facilities in fragile and other states in sub-Saharan Africa, 2016 (%) FIGURE 89 Functional water supplies in Syrian hospitals (Health Emergency Resources Availability Mapping Systems (HeRAMS)/Annual Public Hospitals Report, 2017) (%) Health care facilities tend to have better WASH services than households FIGURE 90 WASH services at health care facilities and households (2015), among countries with data available for both settings (%) 77 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES care facilities were more likely to have hand hygiene materials at points of care than households were likely to have handwashing facilities with soap and water. As more and better data become available, it will be possible to conduct further analysis of overlapping inequalities in access to WASH in households, schools, health care facilities and other settings. BOX 8 WASH and births Globally there has been a substantial increase in the proportion of women who give birth at health care facilities. Whereas in 2000 just half (51%) of women globally gave birth in a health care facility, in 2017 three out of four (76%) women delivered their babies in a health care facility. In many countries, the shift from home deliveries to facility deliveries has been a key objective of the health sector with the aim to improve delivery outcomes and the quality of maternal and newborn care. It is estimated that one in five births globally take place in Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and that, each year, 17 million women in these countries give birth in health care facilities with inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene. Basic water services were just as likely to be available at home as at health care facilities in LDCs (62% vs 55%) but women were more likely to lack sanitation and hygiene facilities at home. Handwashing facilities were available at points of care in two out of three health care facilities in these countries but just 27% of the population had a handwashing facility with water and soap at home. Delivery rooms require tailored WASH services to ensure a safe and dignified delivery and minimize the risks of infections including sepsis, a leading cause of both maternal and neonatal mortality. The WHO/UNICEF JMP convened an expert group to develop core questions and indicators for monitoring WASH and related IPC in delivery rooms. These questions are recommended for use in health care facility assessments, which include visits to areas where different services are offered, as well as dedicated emergency obstetric and newborn care surveys. Basic WASH services in the delivery room include: running water, a usable toilet accessible to women during labour, handwashing facilities, sterile equipment, a shower or bath for women, waste segregation and placenta disposal, and protocols and training for cleaning the delivery room. Related IPC includes sterile gloves, a cord tie and blade to cut the umbilical cord, and a clean surface or material for women to deliver on (or a ‘clean birth kit’). Assessments of the conditions in delivery rooms are available from several countries and show that many women face risks due to inadequate WASH services and IPC measures in the delivery room (Figure 91). Essential WASH services and IPC measures are often lacking in delivery rooms FIGURE 91 Proportion of health care facilities with observed WASH and related IPC in the delivery room, Service Provision Assessments (2013–17) (%) 78 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEXES 79 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES 80 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 1 | JMP methods 72 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, JMP Methodology: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-methodology-2017-update>. 73 For further details see: World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. Since it was established in 1990, the JMP has been instrumental in developing norms and standards to benchmark and compare progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene across countries and regularly convenes expert groups to provide technical advice on methodological issues. The JMP uses a linear regression model to generate estimates for all years within the reference period, rather than simply referring to a single data source. The methodology used to produce estimates for WASH in health care facilities builds on established methods developed by the JMP for monitoring WASH services in households72 and schools. Identification of national data sources All data used to produce estimates come from national data sources. In preparation for this report, the JMP identified over 500 potential sources of data. In some cases data could not be used because they were not nationally representative, they did not include relevant WASH information, they were too old (only data from 2000 onwards were collected) or a comprehensive report or microdata file could not be located. In total, WASH information was extracted from 260 data sources from 125 countries (Figure 1-1). Data extraction and classification Data were extracted from these data sources and matched to global indicators related to the service ladders for water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management, and environmental cleaning. Data were fairly evenly spread between the water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management service areas, with approximately 200 data sources for each area, but sparse for environmental cleaning, with only 21 data sources (Figure 1-2). Some data sources could not be used for producing estimates, for various reasons including: • Communication from national authorities that the data were not considered reliable or appropriate for use • The classification of the data was based on a few generic categories which were not aligned with JMP categories • Data were not representative of the target class of health care facilities (national, hospital, non-hospital, government, non-government, urban or rural) • Data were representative but the number of health care facilities assessed was too small. Data were excluded when less than 50 health care facilities were assessed, except for small countries in which case data were excluded if less than 30% of the total number of health care facilities were assessed. • Data were markedly different from other data points from a similar timeframe In total, 217 of the 260 data sources were used for at least some WASH indicators (Figure 1-2). The number of facilities assessed in these data sources ranged from one to nearly 100 000. In total, the 260 data sources drew upon 560 000 health care facilities, and the 217 data sources used for estimations drew upon 550 000 health care facilities (Figure 1-3). In some cases the same health care facilities may have been assessed multiple times in different years. The JMP classifies water and sanitation facilities into improved and unimproved types. Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water, while improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact.73 If data sources classified health care facilities as being located in urban or rural areas, those classifications were used without any changes. Likewise, if a facility was called any type of ‘hospital’ it was classified as such during data extraction. In some data sources, facilities were classified as ‘government’ or ‘non- government’, or similar terms such as ‘public’ and 81 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES BOX 9 International facility assessment programmes Most assessments of health care facilities are led by national authorities, typically the Ministry of Health or the National Statistical O™ce. A number of international programmes support such assessments and have produced data used in this report. Some of the largest programmes are: • The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) programme, supported by the World Health Organization. • The Service Provision Assessment (SPA) programme, supported by the United States Agency for International Development through the Demographic and Health Surveys programme. • The Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) initiative, supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation with technical support from the Johns Hopkins University. • The Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (EMONC) surveys have been conducted in a number of countries, often with technical support from Columbia University’s Adverting Maternal Death and Disability programme. • The Pacific Hazardous Waste Management Project (PHWMP) conducted a baseline study in 14 Pacific Island Countries in 2014, under the leadership of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme with support from ENVIRON Australia and the European Commission. • The Service Delivery Indicators (SDI) project focuses on collecting data from primary schools and frontline health facilities, with support from the World Bank. • World Vision is a global relief, development and advocacy organization that works in nearly 100 countries around the world. It has partnered with the Water Institute at the University of North Carolina to conduct a WASH programme evaluation, including assessments of conditions in schools and health care facilities in rural areas. Together, these seven programmes supported more than half (153) of the health care facility assessments that this report draws upon. More than 100 additional data sources were identified during JMP country consultations. Relatively few countries provided data drawing on administrative sources such as routine data collection through health management information systems. National data sources available and used in the JMP 2019 report FIGURE 1–2 National data sources used (dark colours) and identified but not used (light colours) in the JMP 2019 report on WASH in health care facilities Seven international programmes accounted for half of the data sources used in this report FIGURE 1–1 Sources of data used in the 2019 global baseline report 82 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ‘private’. If the data source did not disaggregate by managing authority, in some cases the entire data source could be assigned to either government or non- government categories. If data were available from different wards or areas in a facility, data from the general consultation or outpatient department areas were given priority for extraction. If data from general consultation areas and outpatient departments were not available, the availability of the WASH service in any of the other available locations was recorded for use in calculating global indicators. Country estimates The JMP WASH in health care facilities country files contain a complete list of data sources available for each year since 2000 and show how national data correspond to the international standard classifications used for global monitoring. The JMP uses a simple linear regression to generate estimates from all of the available data points. Regressions are made separately for each of the classes of health care facilities (national, hospital, non-hospital, government, non-government, urban or rural). Trends are calculated if there are two or more data points available spanning at least four years. If the data points span less than four years then an average is used. Regressions are extrapolated two years after the last data point, and two years before the first data point. The earliest and latest estimates from the regression are then extended for an additional four years. For example, if the last data point was from 2008, estimates could be made for the years 2009–14 but not for 2015 or 2016 (see the example on hand hygiene facilities at points of care in Figure 1-4). The basic services indicators are all composite indicators, drawing on two or more sub-indicators. Data on different sub-indicators may come from different data sources, so it is not always possible to combine the different sub-indicators at the level of an individual health care facility. Accordingly, the JMP combines the sub-indicators by taking the minimum of each available sub-indicator for any given year. The basic sanitation indicator comprises a large number of sub-indicators. To make the most use of the available data, for this report the JMP has produced estimates of basic sanitation services when data are available on improved and usable toilets, and at least two of the remaining four elements (staff, sex-separated, menstrual hygiene, and limited mobility). In the sanitation example in Figure 1-4, data are available for improved and usable toilets, as well as for limited mobility, but this is not enough to produce estimates for basic services. Regional and global estimates Regional estimates are made by summing up country estimates for each of the classes of health care facilities. Ideally, estimates from each country should Number of health care facilities assessed in national data sources FIGURE 1–3 Number of health care facilities assessed with data used (dark colours) and identified but not used (light colours) in the JMP 2019 report on WASH in health care facilities 83 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES The JMP uses linear regressions to derive estimates from available data points FIGURE 1–4 Examples of linear regressions producing estimates for WASH services be weighted by the total number of health care facilities in that class for the country. However, complete statistics on the number of each class of health care facility are not available for all countries. Accordingly, for this report the JMP has used national, urban or rural population to weight estimates from individual countries, using the most recent data from the UN Population Division. National populations were taken from the World Population Prospects 2017 revision, while the proportion of population living in rural areas was taken from the World Urbanization Prospects 2018 revision. Regional estimates are made when data are available from countries with a combined population of at least 30% of the total regional population. Figure 1-5 shows the proportion of the population in each region and globally for which data were available. The lighter colours indicate indicators with less than 30% data coverage, for which no regional estimates were made. Medium colours indicate that countries representing 30-50% of the population had data, and estimates were made but should be interpreted with caution. Estimates are more robust when they are based on at least 50% of the population from the region (darker colours). Global estimates are also only made when there are data for countries representing at least 30% of the global population. However, to prevent a few large countries having a disproportionate influence on the estimates, especially when many countries still lack estimates, global estimates are calculated by first creating regional estimates for all SDG regions, even if the region has less than 30% data coverage, and then making a weighted average from the regional estimates. Country consultation Preliminary estimates were produced and sent to countries for a formal period of consultation and review at the beginning of November 2018. Countries were requested to provide technical feedback by the end of December 2018. In some cases, extensions were requested and made until mid-January. WHO and UNICEF endeavoured to consult with all countries and to respond to the feedback and queries received, especially where JMP definitions or methods differed from those used by national stakeholders. 84 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES Accessing the data Country, regional and global estimates for the main indicators are provided in Annexes 3 and 4 of this report, for the most recent year available. These data can also be accessed on the JMP website <https://washdata.org> which provides estimates for all available years since 2000. The website includes additional estimates for sub-indicators which contribute to the basic service levels, as well Data coverage for many regions and classes of health care facilities is low FIGURE 1-5 Data coverage for different classes of health care facilities, by region (%) <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% 85 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES as for additional regional groupings not included in the printed report. The website allows users to create, download and share a variety of customized charts, tables and maps. Users can also download all of the individual JMP country files which list the national data sources currently available in the global database and show how these have been used to generate internationally comparable estimates for WASH in health care facilities. Data coverage for many regions and classes of health care facilities is low FIGURE 1-5 Data coverage for different classes of health care facilities, by region (%) <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% Sustainable Development Goals: Regional Groupings Central Asia and Southern Asia Northern America and Europe Western Asia†and Northern Africa Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand Latin America and the Caribbean Australia and New Zealand Sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia  AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: Australia, New Zealand.  CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.  EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, China (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region), China (Macao Special Administrative Region), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam.  LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: REGIONAL GROUPINGS Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).  EUROPE AND NORTHERN AMERICA: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Channel Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. ANNEX 2 | Regional groupings 86 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES Sustainable Development Goals: Regional Groupings Central Asia and Southern Asia Northern America and Europe Western Asia†and Northern Africa Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand Latin America and the Caribbean Australia and New Zealand Sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia  NORTHERN AFRICA AND WESTERN ASIA: Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, West Bank and Gaza Strip, Western Sahara, Yemen.  OCEANIA (EXCLUDING AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND): American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands.  SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS LANDLOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (LLDCS) Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, North Macedonia, Paraguay, Republic of Moldova, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe. LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES (LDCS) Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia. SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES (SIDS) American Samoa, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), British Virgin Islands, Cabo Verde, Cayman Islands, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Fiji, French Polynesia, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kiribati, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Singapore, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Solomon Islands, Suriname, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, United States Virgin Islands, Vanuatu.  AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: Australia, New Zealand.  CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.  EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, China (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region), China (Macao Special Administrative Region), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam.  LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: REGIONAL GROUPINGS Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).  EUROPE AND NORTHERN AMERICA: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Channel Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. ANNEX 2 | Regional groupings 87 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 3 0 100 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Bangladesh 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Benin 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Benin 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Burkina Faso 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Chad 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - China 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Congo 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Ethiopia 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Gambia 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Ghana 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Haiti 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Indonesia 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Kenya 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 88 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 3 0 100 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Bangladesh 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Benin 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Benin 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Burkina Faso 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Chad 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - China 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Congo 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Ethiopia 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Gambia 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Ghana 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Haiti 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Indonesia 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Kenya 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 89 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Lesotho 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Malawi 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Maldives 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Mauritania 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Myanmar 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Nicaragua 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nicaragua 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Niger 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Nigeria 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Peru 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Senegal 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Solomon Islands 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Somalia 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 South Africa 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates 90 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Lesotho 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Malawi 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Maldives 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Mauritania 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Myanmar 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Nicaragua 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nicaragua 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Niger 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Nigeria 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Peru 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Senegal 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Solomon Islands 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Somalia 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 South Africa 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 91 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Sri Lanka 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Togo 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Uganda 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Zambia 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Zimbabwe 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates 92 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Sri Lanka 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Togo 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Uganda 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Zambia 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Zimbabwe 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 93 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Bangladesh 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Barbados 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Barbados 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Benin 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Chad 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Colombia 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Colombia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Comoros 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Congo 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Ethiopia 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Ghana 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Haiti 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 94 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Bangladesh 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Barbados 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Barbados 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Benin 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Chad 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Colombia 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Colombia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Comoros 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Congo 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Ethiopia 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Ghana 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Haiti 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 95 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Honduras 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - India 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Indonesia 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Kenya 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Lesotho 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Malawi 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Maldives 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Mauritania 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Montenegro 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Myanmar 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Niger 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Nigeria 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - 96 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Honduras 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - India 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Indonesia 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Kenya 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Lesotho 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Malawi 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Maldives 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Mauritania 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Montenegro 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Myanmar 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Niger 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Nigeria 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 97 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Senegal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Somalia 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Sri Lanka 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Togo 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Uganda 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Zambia 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Zimbabwe 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 98 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Senegal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Somalia 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Sri Lanka 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Togo 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Uganda 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Zambia 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Zimbabwe 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 99 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Bangladesh 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Benin 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Chad 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Congo 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Djibouti 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Ethiopia 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Ghana 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Haiti 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 100 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Bangladesh 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Benin 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Chad 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Congo 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Djibouti 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Ethiopia 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Ghana 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Haiti 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 101 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Indonesia 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Kenya 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Malawi 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Maldives 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Mauritania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Mozambique 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Myanmar 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Niger 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Nigeria 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - 102 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Indonesia 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Kenya 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Malawi 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Maldives 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Mauritania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Mozambique 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Myanmar 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Niger 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Nigeria 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 103 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Senegal 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Somalia 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Sri Lanka 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Uganda 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Zambia 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Zimbabwe 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates 104 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Senegal 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Somalia 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Sri Lanka 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Uganda 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Zambia 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Zimbabwe 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 105 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Bangladesh 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Benin 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Benin 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Burkina Faso 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Chad 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Congo 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Cook Islands 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cook Islands 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Djibouti 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Djibouti 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Ecuador 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Ecuador 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Egypt 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Ethiopia 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Ghana 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Haiti 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Indonesia 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 106 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Bangladesh 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Benin 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Benin 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Burkina Faso 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Chad 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Congo 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Cook Islands 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cook Islands 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Djibouti 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Djibouti 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Ecuador 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Ecuador 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Egypt 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Ethiopia 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Ghana 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Haiti 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Indonesia 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 107 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Kenya 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Kenya 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 Kiribati 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kiribati 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Lesotho 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Malawi 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Maldives 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Mauritania 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Myanmar 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Namibia 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Nauru 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Nauru 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Niger 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Niger 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Nigeria 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Niue 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niue 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 108 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Kenya 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Kenya 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 Kiribati 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kiribati 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Lesotho 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Malawi 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Maldives 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Mauritania 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Myanmar 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Namibia 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Nauru 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Nauru 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Niger 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Niger 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Nigeria 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Niue 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niue 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 109 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Senegal 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Solomon Islands 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Somalia 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Sri Lanka 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Tonga 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tonga 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Uganda 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 Vanuatu 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Vanuatu 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Yemen 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Yemen 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Zambia 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Zimbabwe 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 110 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Senegal 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Solomon Islands 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Somalia 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Sri Lanka 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Tonga 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tonga 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Uganda 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 Vanuatu 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Vanuatu 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Yemen 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Yemen 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Zambia 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Zimbabwe 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 111 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.5 | National environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Maldives 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 112 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.5 | National environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Maldives 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 113 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.1 | Regional and global water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es REGION Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Least Developed Countries 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - WORLD 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 114 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.1 | Regional and global water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es REGION Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Least Developed Countries 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - WORLD 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 115 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.2 | Regional and global sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le REGION Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Central and Southern Asia 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Least Developed Countries 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - WORLD 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 116 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.2 | Regional and global sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le REGION Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Central and Southern Asia 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Least Developed Countries 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - WORLD 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 117 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.3 | Regional and global hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts REGION Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 118 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.3 | Regional and global hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts REGION Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 119 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.4 | Regional and global waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d REGION Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Least Developed Countries 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 120 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.4 | Regional and global waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d REGION Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Least Developed Countries 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 121 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.5 | Regional and global environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng REGION Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 122 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.5 | Regional and global environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng REGION Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 123 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES 124 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S For information on the practical steps countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities, refer to the companion document by WHO and UNICEF. www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wash-in-health-care-facilities/en

JMP website: washdata.org In 2016: • 38 countries and three of the eight SDG regions had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic water services in health care facilities. • 74% of health care facilities globally had basic water services, meaning water was available from an improved source on the premises. • 12% of health care facilities globally had no water service, meaning they either used water from an improved source more than 500 metres from the premises or an unimproved source, or had no water source at all. • 4% of hospitals and 11% of other health care facilities had no water service. • 896 million people globally had no water service at their health care facility. In 2016: • 18 countries and only one SDG region had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 23% of health care facilities had basic services. • 21% of health care facilities globally had no sanitation service, meaning they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. • 9% of hospitals and 20% of other health care facilities had no sanitation service. • More than 1.5 billion people globally had no sanitation service at their health care facility. In 2016: • 14 countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities, meaning that functional hand hygiene facilities were available both at points of care, and at toilets. • One out of six health care facilities (16%) had no hygiene service, meaning they lacked hand hygiene facilities at points of care, as well as soap and water at toilets. • Relatively few countries had data on the availability of handwashing facilities at toilets but more data were available on hand hygiene facilities at points of care. • 58% of health care facilities globally had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 84% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, compared to 64% of other health care facilities. In 2016: • 48 countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic waste management services in health care facilities. • 27% of health care facilities in Least Developed Countries had basic health care waste management services. • 40% of health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa had basic health care waste management services. • 60% of health care facilities had systems for segregating waste. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 60% of hospitals and 38% of other health care facilities had basic waste management services. Seven out of ten government health care facilities (71%) and half of non-government health care facilities (55%) safely segregated waste. In 2016: • Only four countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. • There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate regional global coverage of basic environmental cleaning services. W AT ER SA N IT AT IO N H YG IE N E W AS TE M AN AG EM EN T EN VI RO N M EN TA L C LE AN IN G

WASH IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Global Baseline Report 2019 WASH in health care facilities: Global Baseline Report 2019 ISBN 978-92-4-151550-4 © World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO or UNICEF endorses any specific organization, product or service. The unauthorized use of the WHO or UNICEF names or logos is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. 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WASH IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Global Baseline Report 2019 iv W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S FO RE W O RD FOREWORD No one goes to a health care facility to get sick. People go to get better, to deliver babies or to get vaccinated. Yet hundreds of millions of people face an increased risk of infection by seeking care in health facilities that lack basic necessities, including water, sanitation, hygiene, health care waste management and cleaning (WASH) services. Not only does the lack of WASH services in health care facilities compromise patient safety and dignity, it also has the potential to exacerbate the spread of antimicrobial-resistant infections and undermines efforts to improve child and maternal health. New figures from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) indicate that WASH services in health care facilities are sub-standard in every region. An estimated 896 million people use health care facilities with no water service and 1.5 billion use facilities with no sanitation service. It is likely that many more people are served by health care facilities lacking hand hygiene facilities and safe waste management. WASH services are more likely to be available in hospitals than in other types of other health care facilities, and in urban areas than in rural areas. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) place a new emphasis on universal health coverage, including access to WASH services. They also reflect a shift in thinking that recognizes the importance of quality care and an integrated, people-centered approach that enhances the experience of care. WASH is a prerequisite for quality care, and is particularly important for the safe management of childbirth. It is fundamental to the achievement of UNICEF’s Every Child ALIVE campaign and the ‘triple billion’ targets of WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work. With a renewed focus on safe and quality primary health care through the Astana Declaration, the opportunity to ensure the basics are in place, including WASH services, has never been greater. In March 2018, the United Nations Secretary-General issued a global call for greater leadership and accountability to provide WASH services in all health care facilities, emphasizing the high cost of inaction. Since then, our two organizations have established a set of global targets aimed at achieving universal WASH services in health care facilities and, for the first time, made global estimates available through the JMP. These data provide a robust basis for identifying priorities, making investments and tracking progress on WASH. With support from over 35 partners, WHO and UNICEF are also co-leading the implementation of a global roadmap built from country-led initiatives. To improve WASH services in health care facilities, eight practical steps have been identified and are described and illustrated through case studies. These steps include actions such as developing national roadmaps and setting targets, improving infrastructure and maintenance, and engaging communities. Ensuring universal access to WASH services in health care facilities is a solvable problem with a return on investment. We are committed to supporting this effort by working with governments and partners to deliver quality WASH services in health care facilities, to improve monitoring, and to expand the knowledge base. We seek the support of all partners in this vital task. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus Director-General of the World Health Organization Henrietta Fore Executive Director of the United Nations Children’s Fund vG LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 FO REW O RD vi W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S C O N TE N TS CONTENTS HIGHLIGHTS 2 Water 3 Sanitation 4 Hygiene 5 Waste management 6 Environmental cleaning 7 Additional indicators for expanded monitoring 8 INTRODUCTION 10 WASH and health in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 Monitoring WASH in health care facilities 11 WATER SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 14 Basic water services 16 Additional indicators for monitoring water in health care facilities 22 SANITATION SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 26 Basic sanitation services 28 Additional indicators for monitoring sanitation in health care facilities 34 HYGIENE SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 38 Basic hygiene services 40 Additional indicators for monitoring hygiene in health care facilities 44 WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 48 Basic waste management services 50 Additional indicators for monitoring waste management in health care facilities 57 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 60 Basic environmental cleaning services 61 Additional indicators for monitoring environmental cleaning in health care facilities 62 INEQUALITIES 66 Facility type 70 Managing authority 72 Geography 74 Universal access to WASH at home and in health care facilities 76 ANNEXES 78 Annex 1: JMP methods 80 Annex 2: Regional groupings 86 Annex 3: National estimates 88 Annex 4: Regional and global estimates 114 1G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 C O N TEN TS 2W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS HIGHLIGHTS The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), through the WHO/ UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP), have produced regular updates on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) since 1990. Together, they are responsible for monitoring the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets 6.1 and 6.2 and supporting global monitoring of other WASH-related SDG targets and indicators. This first JMP report on WASH in health care facilities introduces new service ladders for basic services (Figure 1). It establishes national, regional and global baseline estimates that contribute towards global monitoring of SDG targets for universal access to WASH (SDG 6.1 and 6.2) and for universal health coverage (SDG 3.8) (Table 1). WATER SANITATION HYGIENE WASTE MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING BA SI C S ER VI C E Water is available from an improved source1 on the premises. Improved sanitation facilities2 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. LI M IT ED S ER VI C E An improved water source is within 500 metres of the premises, but not all requirements for basic service are met. At least one improved sanitation facility is available, but not all requirements for basic service are met. Functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets but not both. There is limited separation and/ or treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste, but not all requirements for basic service are met. There are cleaning protocols and/or at least some staff have received training on cleaning. N O S ER VI C E Water is taken from unprotected dug wells or springs, or surface water sources; or an improved source that is more than 500 metres from the premises; or there is no water source. Toilet facilities are unimproved (e.g. pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines, bucket latrines) or there are no toilets. No functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets. There are no separate bins for sharps or infectious waste, and sharps and/or infectious waste are not treated/disposed of safely. No cleaning protocols are available and no staff have received training on cleaning. 1 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. 2 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. FIGURE 1 JMP service ladders for monitoring basic WASH services in health care facilities GOALS TARGETS 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 6.1: By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all 6.2: By 2030 achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 3.8: Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all TABLE 1 Global goals and targets related to WASH in health care facilities 3G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS WATER Key messages In 2016: 1. 38 countries and three of the eight SDG regions had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic water services in health care facilities. 2. 74% of health care facilities globally had basic water services, meaning water was available from an improved source on the premises. 3. In Least Developed Countries, only 55% of health care facilities had basic water services. 4. 14% of health care facilities globally had limited water services, meaning they had access to an improved source that was either located off the premises or did not have water available at the time of the survey. 5. 12% of health care facilities globally had no water service, meaning they either used water from an improved source more than 500 metres from the premises or an unimproved source, or had no water source at all. 6. Regional coverage of basic water services ranged from 51% in sub-Saharan Africa to 87% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia. 7. 4% of hospitals and 11% of other health care facilities had no water service. 8. 12% of government health care facilities and 6% of non-government health care facilities had no water service. 9. 5% of health care facilities in urban areas and 15% in rural areas had no water service. 10. 896 million people had no water service at their health care facility. Globally, 74% of health care facilities had basic water services in 2016 FIGURE 2 Global water services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Three out of eight SDG regions had estimates for basic water services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 3 Regional water services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 16 out of 69 countries with data available, more than 20% of health care facilities had no water service in 2016 FIGURE 4 Proportion of health care facilities with no water service, 2016 (%) A BASIC WATER SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Water is available from an improved source on the premises. 4W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS SANITATION Key messages In 2016: 1. 18 countries and only one SDG region had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 3. In sub-Saharan Africa, 23% of health care facilities had basic services. 4. Four out of eight SDG regions had insu™cient data to make any estimates for sanitation in health care facilities. 5. 21% of health care facilities globally had no sanitation service, meaning they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. 6. The proportion of health care facilities without sanitation services ranged from 5% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia to 40% in Central and Southern Asia. 7. 42% of Landlocked Developing Countries had basic sanitation services in health care facilities. 8. In Least Developed Countries, 21% of health care facilities had no sanitation service. 9. 9% of hospitals and 20% of other health care facilities had no sanitation service. 10. 16% of government health care facilities and 36% of non-government health care facilities had no sanitation service. 11. More than 1.5 billion people had no sanitation service at their health care facility. Globally, one in five health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 5 Global sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Only one SDG region had estimates for basic sanitation services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 6 Regional sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 28 out of 66 countries with data available, more than 10% of health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 7 Proportion of health care facilities with no sanitation service, 2016 (%) A BASIC SANITATION SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Improved sanitation facilities are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. 5G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS HYGIENE Key messages In 2016: 1. 14 countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities, meaning that functional hand hygiene facilities were available both at points of care, and at toilets. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities. 3. Four out of eight SDG regions had insu™cient data to make any estimates for hygiene in health care facilities. 4. One out of three health care facilities (36%) in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia had basic hygiene services. 5. One out of six health care facilities (16%) globally had no hygiene service, meaning they lacked hand hygiene facilities at points of care, as well as soap and water at toilets. 6. Relatively few countries (16) had data on the availability of handwashing facilities at toilets but more data (from 55 countries) were available on hand hygiene facilities at points of care. 7. 57% of health care facilities globally had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. 8. In sub-Saharan Africa, half of health care facilities (51%) had alcohol-based hand rub at points of care. 9. In sub-Saharan Africa, 84% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, compared to 64% of other health care facilities. Globally, one out of six health care facilities had no hygiene service in 2016 FIGURE 8 Global hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Only one SDG region had estimates for basic hygiene services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 9 Regional hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) A BASIC HYGIENE SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. In 8 out of 55 countries with data available, more than half of health care facilities lacked handwashing facilities at points of care in 2016 FIGURE 10 Proportion of health care facilities lacking hand hygiene facilities at points of care, 2016 (%) 6W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS WASTE MANAGEMENT Key messages In 2016: 1. 48 countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic waste management services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate global coverage of basic waste management services. 3. 27% of health care facilities in Least Developed Countries had basic health care waste management services. 4. One out of ten health care facilities (10%) in Oceania had basic health care waste management services. 5. 40% of health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa had basic health care waste management services. 6. 60% of health care facilities globally had systems for segregating waste. 7. In sub-Saharan Africa, 60% of hospitals and 38% of other health care facilities had basic waste management services. Seven out of ten government health care facilities (71%) and half of non-government health care facilities (55%) safely segregated waste. Only two SDG regions had estimates for basic waste management services in health care facilities in 2016 FIGURE 11 Regional waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 30 out of 48 countries with data available, more than half of health care facilities lacked basic waste management services in 2016 FIGURE 12 Proportion of health care facilities lacking basic waste management services, 2016 (%) A BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. 7G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING Key messages In 2016: 1. Only four countries had su™cient data to estimate coverage of basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. 2. There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate regional coverage of basic environmental cleaning services. A BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. 8W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H IG H LI G H TS SERVICE ELEMENT BASIC INDICATORS EXAMPLES OF ADDITIONAL INDICATORS AVAILABILITY ACCESSIBILITY ACCEPTABILITY QUALITY OTHER Water Availability • functionality Accessibility • on premises Quality • improved water source • su™cient quantities of water for different uses • continuity • seasonality • water storage • location and number of water points • ratio of water points to patients or beds • accessibility of drinking water to those with disabilities • taste and appearance of drinking water • E. coli, Legionella, residual chlorine, chemicals, etc. • on-site water treatment • piped supply • multiple sources • provision of water for different uses including drinking • different standards for different types of facilities Sanitation Availability • usability • for men and women • for staff Accessibility • to those with limited mobility Acceptability • affording privacy • menstrual hygiene Quality • improved toilets or latrines • location and number of toilets • ratio of toilets to patients or beds • distance to toilets from consultation areas • cultural appropri- ateness • cleanliness • connection to sewer • faecal sludge management • evidence of open defecation on facility grounds • drainage and runoff management • vector control measures in toilets Hygiene Availability • functionality of hand hygiene facilities at points of care • functionality of handwashing facilities at toilets • location and number of handwashing stations • ratio of handwashing stations to patients or beds • hand hygiene compliance • visibility of hygiene promotion materials • hygiene promotion activities • training on hygiene and infection control Waste management Quality • segregation of health care waste • treatment and disposal • location and number of waste bins and receptacles • ratio of waste bins to patients or beds • functionality of incinerators • availability of fuel/ power for incinerators • disposal of chemical and radioactive waste • bins out of reach from children • fenced waste storage area • protective equipment for waste managers Environmental cleaning Availability • protocols in place Quality • staff trained • location and number of cleaning stations • presence of cleaning supplies, including disinfectant • cleaning frequency • observed cleanliness • cleaning methods used ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR EXPANDED MONITORING The five global basic service indicators provide a valuable starting point for global monitoring of WASH services in health care facilities, but do not capture all the aspects of WASH services that are important to improve health outcomes, increase the quality of care and protect health care workers. For example, the basic water service indicator does not include direct measurement of water quality, even though water quality is critically important. TABLE 2 Basic and additional indicators, grouped by human rights criteria 9G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H IG H LIG H TS BOX 1 Progressive realization of the human rights to health and to safe water and sanitation 3 United Nations Economic and Social Council, General Comment No. 14: The right to the highest attainable standard of health, E/C.12/2000/4, UN, Geneva, 2000, <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/425041>. 4 de Albuquerque, Catarina, Realising the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation: A handbook by the UN Special Rapporteur Catarina de Albuquerque, UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation, Portugal, 2014, <www.ohchr.org/en/issues/waterandsanitation/srwater/pages/handbook.aspx>. The right to health is widely recognized by UN member states and is central to, and dependent upon, the realization of other human rights, including the rights to safe water and sanitation. The right to health, according to the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as expressed in their General Comment No. 14,3 includes the following core components: • Availability: refers to the need for a su™cient quantity of functioning public health and health care facilities, goods and services, as well as programmes for all. • Accessibility: requires that health facilities, goods and services must be accessible to everyone. Accessibility has four overlapping dimensions: non-discrimination, physical accessibility, economic accessibility (affordability) and information accessibility. • Acceptability: relates to respect for medical ethics, cultural appropriateness and sensitivity to gender. Acceptability requires that health facilities, goods, services and programmes are people-centred and cater for the specific needs of diverse population groups in accordance with international standards of medical ethics for confidentiality and informed consent. • Quality: facilities, goods and services must be scientifically and medically approved. Quality is a key component of Universal Health Coverage and includes the experience as well as the perception of health care. Quality health services should be safe, effective, people- centred, timely, equitable, integrated and e™cient. The human rights to water and sanitation use similar normative criteria. The Special Rapporteur has noted that, “Member States should establish standards for Accessibility, Availability, Quality, Affordability, Acceptability and Sustainability of water and sanitation services,” and notes that standards should “apply to services within the home, as well as at work, school, health centres, in public places and in places of detention.”4 A core principle of the right to health is that of progressive realization using maximum available resources. Governments are not required to immediately ensure full compliance with human rights obligations, and indeed resource limitations may mean that this is out of reach in the short term. Still, whatever level of resources they have at their disposal, governments can and must take immediate steps within their means towards the fulfilment of these rights. The ‘service ladder’ approach is useful for establishing targets to progressively improve services, no matter what the current level of coverage. Each government must decide what steps to take, and how to balance investments in primary, secondary and tertiary care. Governments may set targets on making sure that no health care facility has no WASH services, or ensuring universal access to basic services, or achieving higher levels of services. ‘Functioning public health and health-care facilities, goods and services, as well as programmes, have to be available in sužcient quantity within the State party. The precise nature of the facilities, goods and services will vary depending on numerous factors, including the State party’s developmental level. They will include, however, the underlying determinants of health, such as safe and potable drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities, hospitals, clinics and other health-related buildings…’ – General Comment No. 14, paragraph 12 The global basic service indicators represent a compromise between normative requirements and what can be practically monitored and aggregated to the national and global levels at the outset of the SDG period. Several additional indicators might be monitored at the local level and could be used to improve the quality of service delivery. Such information could be aggregated to the national, and eventually global, level if the data permit. Countries may wish to define levels of service that draw upon these additional indicators and go beyond the basic level, to reflect their national priorities and ambitions. Examples of additional indicators that are not included in the basic service level are shown in Table 2. Both the basic and additional indicators are grouped into the elements of availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality, which derive from the human rights (Box 1). This report highlights illustrative examples of countries that monitor some of these additional indicators. 10 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN TR O D U C TI O N INTRODUCTION 5 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. 6 UNESCO, ‘Education for All Movement’, UNESCO, 2017, <www.unesco.org/new/en/archives/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all>, accessed 13 March 2019. 7 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access. WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2019, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wash-in-health-care-facilities/en/index.html>. 8 United Nations, Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/70/1, UN, Geneva, 21 October 2015, <www.un.org/ ga/se/arch/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=E>. 9 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, WASH in the 2030 Agenda: New global indicators for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, WHO and UNICEF, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-wash-2030-agenda>. 10 United Nations Secretary-General, ‘Secretary-General's remarks at Launch of International Decade for Action "Water for Sustainable Development" 2018–2028 [as delivered]’, UN, Geneva, 22 March 2018, <www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2018-03-22/secretary-generals-remarks-launch-international-decade-action-water>, accessed 13 March 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), through the WHO/ UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP), have produced regular updates on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) since 1990. The JMP tracked progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and is now responsible for monitoring global progress towards the WASH-related Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets.5 The SDG targets aim for ‘universal access’ to WASH services. This calls for greater attention to WASH services beyond the household, including in institutional settings such as schools, health care facilities and workplaces. Global efforts towards education for all recognize the role that WASH in schools plays in improving access to education and learning outcomes, especially for girls.6 In 2018, the JMP published the first global assessment of WASH in schools. Likewise, the status of WASH in health care facilities, and the links with health outcomes, have received increasing attention in recent years. This report presents the first global assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene, health care waste management and environmental cleaning services in health care facilities and establishes baseline estimates for monitoring progress during the SDG period. It is complemented by another WHO and UNICEF report that outlines practical actions countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities.7 WASH and health in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development In 2015, the 193 Member States of the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,8 which established 17 SDGs and 169 global targets for development over the 2015–30 period. This ambitious and universal agenda applies to all countries and places an emphasis on ‘leaving no one behind’ and ensuring that gaps in services are identified and progressively eliminated. SDG 6 aims to ‘ensure available and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all’ and includes targets for universal access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene for all by 2030 (targets 6.1 and 6.2). The term ‘universal’ implies all settings, including households, schools, healthcare facilities, workplaces and public places, and ‘for all’ implies services that are suitable for women, men, girls and boys of all ages, including people living with disabilities.9 SDG 3 aims to ‘ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages’ and includes a specific target (3.9) to reduce the burden of disease from unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene. Other targets (3.1, 3.2) call for reducing maternal mortality and under-five and neonatal mortality, all of which are directly impacted by WASH conditions in health care settings. Indeed, countries can only achieve universal health coverage (target 3.8) when everyone has access to quality health care services, including health care facilities with basic WASH services. These targets are highly ambitious but also inter-related and mutually reinforcing. In March 2018, the Secretary- General of the United Nations launched a global call to action for WASH in all health care facilities,10 noting that health care facilities are essential tools in reducing disease, and that without basic WASH, health care facilities can instead contribute to more infections, prolonged hospital stays and preventable deaths, including of mothers and babies. 11 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN TRO D U C TIO N Monitoring WASH in health care facilities This JMP report focuses on monitoring the status of WASH in health care facilities, while the companion document on practical actions7 elaborates a global workplan and sets out eight steps countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities: 1. Conduct situation analysis and assessment 2. Set targets and define roadmap 3. Establish national standards and regulation 4. Improve infrastructure and maintenance 5. Monitor and review data 6. Develop health workforce 7. Engage communities 8. Conduct operational research and share learning 11 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in low- and middle-income countries and way forward, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/154588/9789241508476_eng.pdf>. This report represents a compilation and analysis of existing monitoring data that countries have already collected and reviewed (Step 5). The new JMP global database on WASH in health care facilities includes national data from 125 countries drawing upon assessments of over 560,000 health care facilities (see Annex 1 for details). Data have been extracted from 260 nationally representative facility assessments and mapped to a standardized set of global indicators for water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. This report follows and supersedes a preliminary 2015 review of WASH in health care facilities11 which drew attention to the problems of poor WASH in many health care facilities in low-income and middle-income countries. The findings of the two reports are not 12 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN TR O D U C TI O N directly comparable, as the previous report was based on a much smaller number of nationally representative assessments (20 nationally representative assessments drawing on 58,000 facilities, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa). These indicators make up the JMP service ladders (Figure 1) which are used for global monitoring and provide internationally comparable statistics across 12 See in particular: World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ ehs_hc/en/>. and World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wastemanag/en>. 13 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Meeting Report: Expert Group Meeting on Monitoring WASH in Health Care Facilities in the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2016, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2016-expert-group-meeting-winhcf>. 14 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. 15 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. 16 A minimum of two toilets is required for outpatient settings (one toilet dedicated for staff and one gender-neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility). Two toilets may be su™cient for a small health care facility that only provides outpatient services, but larger facilities need more toilets. countries and over time. The indicators of basic services (Table 3) were developed beginning in 2015 with a review of global norms12 and existing national indicators and data collection tools. A draft set of harmonized indicators, and recommended core questions for use in data collection, were reviewed, modified and endorsed at a 2016 Expert Group Meeting involving representatives from the WASH and health sectors, as well as major international survey programmes.13 A BASIC WATER SERVICE A BASIC SANITATION SERVICE A BASIC HYGIENE SERVICE A BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE A BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICE Water is available from an improved source14 on the premises. Improved sanitation facilities15 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility.16 Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. TABLE 3 Global indicators for basic WASH services in health care facilities 13 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN TRO D U C TIO N The new indicators and questions were subsequently piloted and refined during 2016–17. The final set of core questions and indicators17 represents a balance between normative requirements and practical constraints regarding the type and level of information that can reasonably be collected from all types of health care facilities and aggregated for global reporting during the SDG period. 17 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Core Questions and Indicators for Monitoring WASH in Health Care Facilities in the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2018, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2018-core-questions-and-indicators-monitoring-winhcf-1>. 18 Health Data Collaborative, <www.healthdatacollaborative.org>, accessed 13 March 2019. Since they were first published in 2016, the basic WASH services indicators and associated core questions have been incorporated into guidelines, standards, policies and assessment tools in a range of health sub-sectors (Box 2, see also Annex 2 of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access7). They are also incorporated into the ongoing revision of the Health Facility Assessment Tool led by WHO as part of the ongoing Health Data Collaborative18 effort. BOX 2 Health sector products that include reference to WASH in health care facilities, 2016–18 14 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S WATER SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Workers in health care facilities need su¦cient quantities of safe water to provide health care services. Drinking and cooking, hand hygiene, showering and bathing, and a variety of general and specialized medical uses all require reliable supplies of safe water. Water is also essential for cleaning rooms, beds, floors, toilets, sheets and laundry. It is central to patient experiences of health care, as it enables them to remain hydrated, to clean themselves, and to reduce the risk of infections. Families and care-givers also need water to tend to patients and their own needs. Without water, a health care facility isn’t a health care facility. Different health care facilities have different water requirements depending on the type of health services offered and the scale of the facility. The quantity and quality of water available, the location and accessibility of water points within the health 15 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES facility, and the reliability of the water supply over time, are all important aspects of water services.19 However, most facility assessments and health management information systems only collect limited information about water services in health care facilities. This report introduces a water service ladder that uses data currently available from national sources to classify facilities as having basic services, limited services or no service (Figure 13). The basic service level does not represent a very high level of service, and this chapter also highlights examples of countries that collect additional information on their water services, such as the continuity, su¦ciency and quality of water supplies. This data collection beyond the basic service level could potentially be used to monitor advanced service levels in the future; however, this information is not currently standardized or su¦ciently widely available to be used for global monitoring. Health care facilities are classified as having basic water services if they use water from an improved source located on the premises, and from which water is available at the time of the assessment. Health care facilities with an improved water source 19 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 20 Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water. These include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water. not located on the premises (but still within 500 metres) or that don’t have water available at the time of the assessment are classified as having limited water services. Health care facilities with no water source, or that take water from an unimproved water source, or use an improved water source more than 500 metres away are classified as having no water service. In Senegal, the ECPSS 2017 facility assessment found that while nearly all health care facilities in the country had some kind of water source, less than half met the criteria for a basic water service (Figure 14). WATER Basic service Water is available from an improved source20 on the premises. Limited service An improved water source is within 500 metres of the premises, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service Water is taken from unprotected dug wells or springs, or surface water sources; or an improved source that is more than 500 metres from the premises; or there is no water source. FIGURE 13 Basic water services ladder for health care facilities Illustration of construction of water services ladder: Senegal FIGURE 14 Proportion of health care facilities by type of water service, Sénégal Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS), 2017 (%) 16 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S BASIC WATER SERVICES Globally, 38 countries, with a combined population of 2.6 billion people, had enough data to make nationally representative estimates for basic water services in health care facilities in 2016 (Figure 15). More countries had data on other indicators, with 69 countries, representing 61% of the global population, able to report on the proportion of health care facilities with no water service. The JMP produces regional and global estimates21 for new indicators, provided data are available for at least 30% of the relevant population.22 Globally, in 2016, 74% of health care facilities had basic water services (Figure 16). One in eight health care facilities (12%) had no water service, and the remaining 14% of health care facilities had limited services, meaning they either had access to an improved water source that was off the premises (but within 500 metres) or from which water was not available at the time of the assessment. Regional values for basic water services ranged from 51% in sub-Saharan Africa to 87% in Eastern and South- Eastern Asia (see Annex 2 for regional groupings. 21 To prevent countries in a single region from having a disproportionate impact on global estimates, global estimates are calculated from regional estimates. See Annex 1: JMP Methods for more details. 22 Since the global population in 2016 was 7.47 billion, global estimates can be made provided data were available for countries representing at least 2.24 billion people. Note that regional and global estimates are produced using national (or urban and rural) populations as weights, rather than the number of health care facilities (which would be more appropriate), because population data are more readily available than data on numbers of different types of health care facilities. For further details see Annex 1: JMP methods. Globally, one quarter of health care facilities lacked basic water services in 2016 FIGURE 16 Regional and global water service coverage in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In 2016, estimates of basic water services in health care facilities were available for 38 countries, representing 2.6 billion people FIGURE 15 Data coverage for water services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 17 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIESImproved water sources Facility assessments typically ask what the main type of water supply is used by the health care facility for general purposes. In some cases, different water sources are used for different purposes (for example, cleaning and drinking), but for global monitoring the focus is on the main source. These sources are grouped into improved sources (piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water), unimproved sources (unprotected springs and wells, surface water, and other sources) and none (no water source). The type of water supply used by health care facilities varies widely between and within countries (Figure 17). Health care facilities use a variety of different types of water supply FIGURE 17 Proportion of health care facilities using different types of water supply, selected Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys 2012–17 (%) 18 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S In some countries, a high proportion of health care facilities use an improved water source, but these are either located off the premises (Figure 18a) or water is not available (Figure 18b). For example, 94% of health care facilities in Cambodia used improved sources in 2016, but only 55% used improved sources on the premises. In the same year, 99% of facilities in Honduras used improved sources, but just 58% of facilities had water available from these improved sources. Globally, 89% of facilities used an improved water source; 78% were located on the premises and 83% had water available at the time of assessment. This shows the importance of not only providing infrastructure where needed but of ensuring it is maintained and operated properly. Most health care facilities have improved water sources, but far fewer meet the criteria for basic water services FIGURE 18 Proportion of health care facilities with improved water sources and improved sources on the premises (a, n=53) or with improved water sources from which water is available (b, n=40), by country (%) 19 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Even when a health care facility has access to a water source, water may not always be available when needed due to interruptions in service, which can range from a few hours to several weeks or even months. Health care facilities may have coping mechanisms for shortages of medicines (emergency stocks) or electricity (backup generators) but it is much more di¦cult to plan for and cope with water shortages. Health care facilities may also have their own mechanical pumps reliant on the availability of electricity, so power cuts often result in water shortages. Where piped water is intermittent, health care facilities may use storage tanks to buffer supply, but such tanks are typically not maintained by the piped water provider and can easily become contaminated. Other mitigation strategies include collecting rainwater, using other sources, and using solar panels to ensure a reliable energy supply for water pumps. 20 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S COUNTRY SOURCE YEAR QUESTION SOURCES COVERED HEALTH CARE FACILITIES WITH OPERATIONAL WATER SUPPLIES (EXCLUDING HOSPITALS) Afghanistan EMONC 2009 Is the source permanently used? If no, how many months can you get water? All 95% permanently used Comoros National assessment 2018 Services d’eau disponibles en tout temps et en quantité su™sante pour toutes les utilisations. Water is always available in suŒcient quantity for all uses. All 68% yes Egypt SPA 2004 Does this source of water for the facility vary seasonally? All 75% no Honduras PAHO 2017 ¿El agua se encuentra disponible al momento de la encuesta? Is water available at the time of the survey? All 58% yes Guinea- Bissau National assessment 2017 When you open a tap in the center, does water come out? Piped only 76% yes Kenya SDI 2012 During the past 3 months, how many times was the water supply from this source interrupted for more than two hours at a time? All 96% 45 or fewer days with interruptions of two hours or more Lesotho HFS 2011 Does the facility have RELIABLE potable WATER SUPPLY 18 hours/day? All 60% yes Mexico ENNVIH 2002 In the last month, how many days were you without water service? All 83% never without service Niger PMA 2018 Pendant la journée d’aujourd’hui, l’eau courante a-t-elle été coupée pendant deux heures ou plus ? Today, has the water supply been cut for two hours or more? Piped only 71% no Sri Lanka SARA 2017 What is the most commonly used source of water for the facility at this time? (Observe that water is available from the source or in the facility on the day of the visit, e.g. check that the pipe is functioning.) All 99% sources with water available on the day of visit Uganda ABCE 2012 In a typical year, is there a time of year when there is a severe shortage or lack of water at this facility? All 57% no Uganda WVI 2014 How many hours per week of water service does the health facility receive? All 81% 84 hours or more (50% of time) Uganda PMA 2015 Does this facility have running water today? (Select for running water only. If water was off for more than two hours today, mark no.) Running water only 37%* * data not used for calculation of estimates TABLE 5 Questions used to assess availability of water in facility assessments (see JMP country files for a complete list of national data sources) Different surveys use different measures of availability BOX 3 Measurements of water availability Different surveys and data sources measure the availability of water at health care facilities in different ways (Table 5). Some data collection tools collect information on the existence of water supplies but do not record whether they are operational at the time of assessment. The JMP recommends that surveys include a question such as ‘Is water available from the main water supply at the time of the survey?’. Further work is needed to harmonize the definitions used in national data sources to enable comparison between countries. 21 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Basic water coverage varies widely between countries FIGURE 19 Proportion of health care facilities with basic water services, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 22 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING WATER IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Each government must set its own standards for water supply in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve services where necessary. The basic water service indicator serves as a useful starting point but does not incorporate many important aspects of water supply such as quality, continuity and su¦ciency.23 In many health care facilities, the basic service level is already met but water services still need improvement. Countries may consider additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels depending on their priorities and available resources. The following section provides illustrative, but not comprehensive, examples of additional indicators that have been tracked by countries. Piped water Ideally, all health care facilities, especially hospitals,24 should have a continuous supply of piped water but in some countries this level of service is very ambitious. In all SDG regions with data, at least one assessment found that less than 60% of hospitals had a piped water supply into the building or the compound, and at least one assessment found that fewer than 25% of other health care facilities had piped water (Figure 20). Water quality Whether piped or non-piped, water supplies can be contaminated. Water available in health care facilities should meet appropriate national standards or WHO Guideline Values25 but having a basic water service does not necessarily mean that water quality standards are met. For example, while over half of hospitals in Bhutan had a basic water service in 2016, water was safe at only 59% of these (Figure 21). A 2016 assessment of public health centres in Lebanon found 23 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 24 See discussion of the distinctions between hospitals and other types of health care facilities in Chapter 8: Inequalities. 25 World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, 4th ed. incorporating the first addendum, WHO, Geneva, 2017, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ drinking-water-quality-guidelines-4-including-1st-addendum/en>. 26 Including faecal coliforms, Pseudomona aeruginosa, and toxic chemicals. that 61% of facilities had a basic water service but a quarter of these facilities had faecally contaminated water. More than half of the health care facilities with unimproved water sources (no service) had faecally contaminated water. No water quality data could be collected from the health care facilities that had limited services in Bhutan or Lebanon because they did not have water available at the time of assessment. Water can also be contaminated within the hospital network. In Costa Rica, where all hospitals had piped water supplies in 2017, 3% had water entering the facility that did not meet national drinking water standards,26 while one in eight had intra-hospital piped supplies that did not meet standards (Figure 22). This also highlights the significance of where (and when) water samples are collected for testing. Piped water is more widely available in hospitals than in other health care facilities FIGURE 20 Piped water supplies in hospitals and other health care facilities, individual surveys from 50 countries with data available, 2010–18 (%) 23 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES FIGURE 21 Proportion of facilities with water that meets national water quality standards for E. coli in Bhutan (2016, n=28 hospitals)27 and Lebanon (2016, n=166 public health centres)28 (%) 27 Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, Thimphu, Bhutan, 2016, <www.washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. 28 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, report submitted to UNICEF in November 2017. 29 enHealth, Guidelines for Legionella Control in the Operation and Maintenance of Water Distribution Systems in Health and Aged Care Facilities, Australian Government, Canberra, 2015, <www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/A12B57E41EC9F326CA257BF0001F9E7D/$File/Guidelines-Legionella-control.pdf>. 30 Alvarado, DM and Navarro, PR, Estimación de la calidad del agua para consume humano en centros de salud de Costa Rica al año 2017, Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas, 2017. Water safety plans can help facilities mitigate risks to water quality, for instance by implementing on-site treatment. Water safety plans can also be informed by plumbing codes that help prevent cross-contamination and control pathogens such as Legionella which can thrive in biofilms within distribution systems.29 FIGURE 22 Proportion of hospitals in Costa Rica with water that met national water quality standards for faecal and toxic chemical contaminants (%)30 Health care facilities with basic water services do not always meet national water quality standards Water may be safe at the point of delivery and then become contaminated within the hospital network 24 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W AT ER S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Water continuity A continuous supply of water is critical in health settings, particularly for emergency care and childbirth, but is not always available in health care facilities with basic water services. The JMP classifies facilities reporting that water is available most of the time (for example, at least 12 hours per day, four days per week or 15 days per month) as having water available (Box 3). For example, a survey in Peru found that 6% of health care facilities had basic water services with 12–23 hours of supply, while 27% had limited services because the water supply was available for fewer than 12 hours per day or unreported (Figure 23). In Uganda, 90% of facilities had 15 or fewer days in the previous month without water for two or more hours and were classified as having water available; 70% had continuous water every day for the previous month. Only 2% of health care facilities in Kenya lacked water for two or more hours in 45 or more of the last 90 days; 70% reported having no days with such service cuts over the previous 90 days. Figure 23 illustrates that the duration of service interruptions, and associated impact on the quality of health care provided, varies widely between and within countries. In Peru, Uganda and Kenya, nearly one third of facilities did not have a continuous water supply FIGURE 23 Proportion of health care facilities without water available over an average 24-hour period in Peru (WHO, 2017) and without water for two or more hours a day in the previous 30 days in Uganda (SDI, 2013) and previous 90 days in Kenya (SDI, 2012) (%) 25 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W ATER SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Large quantities of water are required to provide quality care at health care facilities. While normative guidelines are available (Table 6) and should be considered when designing health care facilities, it is often not practical to monitor actual quantities at an aggregate level. A few countries have monitored water su¦ciency based on health care worker perspectives. Water storage can help mitigate short-term intermittency, bridge seasonal shortages and increase climate change resilience, but storage capacities are not always su¦cient. For example, 82% of hospitals in Bhutan had a water storage tank in 2016, but 39% of facilities faced a severe shortage or lack of water every year. In Cambodia, 78% of health care facilities had a storage tank in 2010, but over half (51%) did not have su¦cient water throughout the year. In West Bank and Gaza Strip, 15% of facilities relied on stored water in 2014, either as their main source or to supplement the piped water supply. Drinking water Water consumption is an important part of medical treatment (for example, to take medicines), recovery and maintaining health. Water carries nutrients to cells, protects organs and helps flush out waste. Women, specifically, may need large amounts 31 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. of drinking water during childbirth and while breastfeeding. Health care facilities, especially those with inpatient services, should provide adequate quantities of safe drinking water to patients, staff and visitors, but this is not always the case. For example, in Bangladesh, 79% of hospitals had an improved water source located inside for general use, but only 59% had drinking water for patients and staff from a comparable source (Figure 24). HEALTH CARE SETTING MINIMUM WATER QUANTITY REQUIREMENT Outpatients 5 litres/consultation Inpatients 40–60 litres/patient/day Inpatient therapeutic feeding centre 60 litres/patient/day Cholera treatment centre 60 litres/patient/day Severe acute respiratory diseases isolation centre 100 litres/patient/day Operating theatre or maternity unit 100 litres/intervention Viral haemorrhagic fever isolation centre 300–400 litres/patient/day TABLE 6 Minimum water quantities required in health care settings31 Fewer hospitals in Bangladesh had drinking water for patients and staff compared to water for general use FIGURE 24 Proportion of hospitals in Bangladesh with water for general use and drinking water for patients and staff by facility type and location (National Hygiene Baseline Survey, 2014, n=875) (%) 26 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SANITATION SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Safe sanitation is a human right. Sanitation services in health care facilities are essential to deliver high quality care that improves the health, welfare and dignity of patients and staff and improves health outcomes. Inadequate sanitation in health care facilities can lead to people not seeking health care when they need it, and can reduce health care professionals’ work satisfaction. Patients may have limited mobility or need adapted infrastructure to facilitate their safe and convenient use of toilets following surgery or childbirth. Faeces are the principal source of bacteria, viruses and parasites that cause diarrhoeal diseases (including cholera and shigellosis) as well as many other infectious diseases. People who are sick shed many more pathogens in their faeces than healthy people. People seeking care in health care facilities often have weakened immune systems and are particularly vulnerable to infection by faecal pathogens. Health care workers can also be put at risk of exposure to faecal pathogens in the workplace. Sanitary management of excreta in health care is particularly important to ensure faecal pathogens do not contaminate the health care facility environment or surrounding areas. The sanitation ladder is used to classify health care facilities as having basic services, limited services or no service (Figure 25). The basic service level requires that health care facilities have usable toilets or latrines, but also that these sanitation facilities are accessible and cater to the needs of different kinds of users: staff and visitors, women and men, and those with limited mobility. This chapter also highlights examples of monitoring 27 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES SANITATION Basic service Improved sanitation facilities32 are usable, with at least one toilet dedicated for staff, at least one sex-separated toilet with menstrual hygiene facilities, and at least one toilet accessible for people with limited mobility. Limited service At least one improved sanitation facility is available, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service Toilet facilities are unimproved (e.g. pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines, bucket latrines) or there are no toilets. FIGURE 25 Basic sanitation services ladder for health care facilities In 2017, a census of WASH conditions in institutional settings and public spaces was completed in Lebanon (Figure 26). The assessment found that nearly all public 32 Improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include wet sanitation technologies – such as flush and pour flush toilets connecting to sewers, septic tanks or pit latrines – and dry sanitation technologies – such as dry pit latrines with slabs, and composting toilets. In cases where health facility surveys use the generic term ‘toilets’, the JMP classes these as improved facilities. In cases where health facility surveys use the generic term ‘toilets’, the JMP classes these as improved facilities. 33 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, report submitted to UNICEF in November 2017. health centres (96%) had some kind of sanitation facility. However, only 83% had improved services, and the remaining 18% were classified as having no sanitation service. In all public health centres that had improved sanitation, the toilets were usable, and in most cases separate toilets were designated for women and men, and for staff. But relatively few had menstrual hygiene facilities, and even fewer were accessible for users with limited mobility. The Lebanon survey is one of the few assessments with facility level data for all elements of basic sanitation services, and found that only 5% of health care facilities met all of the criteria. However, since information on the different elements of basic sanitation services in most cases come from different sources, the basic services indicator cannot always be calculated at the level of the individual health care facility. For the purposes of global monitoring, the JMP calculates the basic service indicator based on the minimum of the aggregate values for each element, which in the case of Lebanon is accessibility to those with limited mobility, at 16%. FIGURE 26 Proportion of public health centres by type and level of sanitation service, Lebanon, 201733 (%) Illustration of construction of sanitation services ladder: Lebanon important aspects of sanitation services beyond the basic service level, such as the cleanliness of toilets and the systems for treatment and disposal of excreta, which are not monitored globally due to data limitations. 28 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S BASIC SANITATION SERVICES Data on the proportion of health care facilities with no sanitation service were available from 65 countries, representing 59% of the global population, which was su¦cient to make a global estimate. A global estimate could also be made for the proportion of health care facilities with improved and usable sanitation facilities (48 countries, representing 35% of the global population). But far fewer countries had su¦cient data to estimate the proportion of health care facilities with: sanitation facilities designated for women (19 countries, representing 0.5 billion people); separate toilets for staff and toilets adapted for limited mobility (each with 17 countries, representing 0.4 billion people); and sex-separated toilets that provided facilities for menstrual hygiene management (MHM) (ten countries, representing 0.2 billion people). Estimates for basic sanitation services were only available for 18 countries, representing 7% of the global population (Figure 27). More than one in five health care facilities globally (21%) had no sanitation service in 2016 (Figure 28), meaning that they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. This translates to over 1.5 billion people having no sanitation service at their health care facility. Estimates of basic sanitation services were available for 18 countries, with a population of 0.5 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 27 Data coverage for sanitation services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 29 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Four SDG regions had estimates of no sanitation service, ranging from 5% in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia to 40% in Central and Southern Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa (the only SDG region to have an estimate for basic services) less than one in four health care facilities (23%) had basic services. Insu¦cient data were available to generate any regional estimates for the other four SDG regions. Coverage of basic sanitation services varied widely among the 18 countries with estimates available in 2016 (Figure 29). In ten of these countries, fewer than one in four health care facilities had basic sanitation services. Globally, 21% of health care facilities had no sanitation service in 2016 FIGURE 28 Regional and global sanitation services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Estimates of basic sanitation services were available for 18 countries in 2016 FIGURE 29 Sanitation services in health care facilities among countries with estimates for basic services in 2016 (%) 30 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Improved and usable Part of the definition of basic sanitation services is that health care facilities should have improved and usable sanitation facilities. ‘Improved’ sanitation facilities are designed to hygienically separate excreta from human contact. Improved facilities include both wet systems (flush/pour flush toilets connected to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines) and dry systems (ventilated improved pit latrines, dry pit latrines with slabs, or composting toilets).34 ‘Unimproved’ facilities include pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines and bucket latrines. Sanitation technologies vary widely across countries (Figure 30); in Senegal, most health care facilities have water-based systems with on-site septic tanks, while in Bangladesh, there are roughly equal proportions of health care facilities with sewer connections, septic tanks and pit latrines. By contrast, in Haiti, Malawi and the United Republic of Tanzania, dry latrines are more common. 34 For more information on and illustrations of the different types of improved sanitation facilities, see the fact sheets in: World Health Organization, Guidelines on Sanitation and Health, WHO, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en>. 35 Joseph G, Alam BB, Islam K, et al., Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Bangladesh’s Community Health Clinics, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Bank, Dhaka, 2018. Sometimes, health care facilities have toilets, but they are not usable. To be usable, toilets should be available, functional and private. Toilets may exist but not be available to patients and staff if they are located outside the premises or if they are locked and the key is not available at all times. Toilets may be non-functional; the toilet drain, or drop hole, might be blocked or overflowing, or the toilet structure could be cracked or leaking. Flush/pour-flush toilets are not functional if water is not available. Toilets can be considered unusable when they don’t afford privacy by having closable doors that can be locked from the inside, and no large gaps or holes in walls. Figure 31 shows that while most health care facilities have improved toilets, these are not always usable. For example, in Bangladesh, a 2017 national assessment35 found that 99% of community clinics reported having at least one toilet, but over 28% reported having no functional toilet. This illustrates the challenge of moving beyond simply building sanitation infrastructure in health care facilities and ensuring toilets are maintained so patients and staff can use them when needed. Sanitation technologies used in health care facilities vary widely across countries FIGURE 30 Sanitation infrastructure used in health care facilities, selected SPA surveys, 2013–17 (%) 31 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES The basic sanitation service level goes beyond simply having usable toilets, to ensuring toilets are available to different kinds of users. • Staff at health care facilities should have dedicated toilets to reduce the risk of infections, particularly during outbreaks. • Women and men should be able to use toilets in privacy. This is most commonly achieved through having separate toilets for women and men. However, especially in small facilities, a gender- neutral room with a single private toilet is also considered sex-separated, as it allows women and men to use the toilet privately and separately. • The toilets available for women and girls should also provide facilities for menstrual hygiene management. They should have a bin with a lid for disposing of used menstrual hygiene products, and water and soap available in a private space for washing. Improved toilets are not always usable FIGURE 31 Proportion of health care facilities with improved and improved and usable sanitation, among countries with data available in 2016 (%) 32 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S • Toilets should be available for patients with limited mobility, according to national standards. In the absence of national standards, toilets should be accessible without stairs or steps, should have a door at least 80 cm wide, and should have handrails or other guides attached to the floor or sidewalls. The door handle and seat should be within reach of people using wheelchairs or crutches/sticks. To meet the criteria for a basic sanitation service, the health care facility must therefore have at least two toilets: one dedicated for staff, and one gender- neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility. Many countries do not currently collect information on all the elements of basic sanitation services (Figure 32). To make the most use of the available data, for this report the JMP has produced estimates of basic sanitation services when data are available on improved and usable toilets, and at least two of the remaining four elements (staff, sex-separated, menstrual hygiene, and limited mobility). Since these elements may come from different data sources, the basic service level is calculated as the minimum of the aggregate values for available elements. This limiting factor varies from country to country; most commonly, the availability of toilets accessible to those with limited mobility is lowest, but in the Maldives, sex-separated toilets were less commonly available. Data on menstrual hygiene facilities are often not available, but in Comoros, this was the limiting factor. In Azerbaijan, Czechia, Ethiopia and Paraguay, data weren’t available on the accessibility of toilets to users with limited mobility; the basic service coverage could therefore be overestimated in those countries. Many countries did not have data for all elements of basic sanitation services in 2016 FIGURE 32 Proportion of health care facilities with elements of basic sanitation among countries with estimates in 2016 (%) 33 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates of improved sanitation were available for 65 countries in 2016 FIGURE 33 Improved sanitation coverage in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 34 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING SANITATION IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES As with water services, governments must set their own standards for sanitation services in health care settings. The global monitoring indicators include criteria for basic sanitation services but do not incorporate important aspects of sanitation such as su¦cient numbers of toilets, faecal sludge management, toilet cleanliness, and additional details related to menstrual hygiene management. In health care facilities where the basic service level is already met, sanitation services may still need improvement. Additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels should be developed and monitored based on national priorities and available resources. Number of toilets The global indicator of basic sanitation services can be met by having a minimum of two toilets in outpatient settings (one toilet dedicated for staff and one gender- neutral toilet for patients that has menstrual hygiene facilities and is accessible for people with limited mobility). Two toilets may be enough for a small health care facility that only provides outpatient services but larger facilities need more toilets. Global norms call for at least one toilet per 20 users in inpatient settings and recommend that there be a toilet no more than 30 metres from all users.36 In Nigeria, the average number of toilets per health care facility is higher in urban areas than in rural areas (Figure 34), both for toilets for patients and for staff. However, urban facilities are larger, with an average of 16 health care workers per facility, compared to seven in rural areas. Sewer connections Many hospitals and other large health care facilities, especially in urban areas, are connected to municipal sewer systems. Out of the 20 countries with data 36 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 37 World Health Organization, Guidelines on Sanitation and Health, WHO, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/sanitation-waste/sanitation/sanitation-guidelines/en>. available on hospital sewer connections, all of the hospitals in four countries were connected, while less than half of hospitals in 11 countries, and less than a quarter in seven countries, had sewer connections (Figure 35). BOX 4 Sanitation and antimicrobial resistance in health care facilities37 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among human pathogens has been identified by the World Health Organization as one of the greatest global threats to human health. Environmental reservoirs are the most important source of antibiotic resistance genes. Wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facilities pose a particular risk because they contain high levels of antibiotics, resistant pathogens and resistance genes. Open defecation, the discharge of untreated wastewater, and leakage from on-site sanitation systems at health care facilities can all lead to the release of antibiotics, resistant pathogens and resistance genes into environmental reservoirs, and therefore increases in antimicrobial resistance. In Nigeria, the average rural health care facility had one toilet for patients FIGURE 34 Average number of toilets per health care facility in Nigeria (WASH NORM, 2018) 35 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES In 11 out of 20 countries with data, less than half of hospitals had sewer connections FIGURE 35 Proportion of hospitals with sewer connections, by country (2003–18) (%) Most faecal sludge from basic health centres in Afghanistan is used as manure FIGURE 36 Proportion of basic health centres in Afghanistan by method of faecal waste disposal, 2009 (%)38 38 Ministry of Public Health (Islamic Republic of Afghanistan), Report for Baseline Study on Water Sanitation Services and Hygiene Practices in Basic Health Centres and Health Care Facilities, UNICEF and MoPH, Kabul, 2009. Faecal sludge management Facilities without sewer connections need to manage the excreta collected in on-site systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines. Sophisticated on-site wastewater treatment plants can provide an excellent level of treatment. However, when poorly managed, excreta from on-site systems can turn health care facilities into centres of disease transmission, particularly where diseases such as cholera are of high concern. Wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facilities is prone to contain high levels of hazardous biological and chemical contaminants, as well as antimicrobial residues, and should never be reused 36 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S SA N IT AT IO N S ER V IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S in agriculture.39 However, the final destination of wastewater and faecal sludge from health care facility latrines is rarely monitored, and in some settings reuse is widespread. A 2009 assessment in Afghanistan found that two thirds of basic health centres use faecal waste as manure (Figure 36). Patient satisfaction If patients feel the toilets at a health care facility are in an unacceptable condition, they may avoid using them (or choose not to visit the facility at all). This can lead to open defecation, or people withholding their needs leading to associated health effects such as incontinence and urinary tract infections. A 2011 assessment of patient perspectives on toilets in health care facilities in Lesotho revealed low levels of reported satisfaction from patients who used the toilets (Figure 37). There are many reasons why patients may be dissatisfied with the health care facility toilets, such as insu¦cient cleanliness, privacy, accessibility, lighting, availability of menstrual management facilities, and availability of baby-changing stations. Causes of dissatisfaction are often context-specific. FIGURE 37 Proportion of patients by use of and satisfaction with toilets at health care facilities in Lesotho, 2011, n=639 (%)40 39 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wastemanag/en>. 40 ICON-INSTITUT, Lesotho Health Facilities Survey, ICON-INSTITUT Public Health Sector GmbH, 2011. 41 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. Toilet cleanliness Clean toilets are more likely to be used and appreciated by patients and staff. Conversely, dirty toilets can lead to disease transmission between users, particularly as toilet users in health care facilities may shed large numbers of pathogens. Perceptions of cleanliness are subjective, and countries have assessed patient perspectives on toilet cleanliness in different ways. For example, in a 2018 patient satisfaction survey in Ireland, patients scored hospital toilet cleanliness at 8.4 out of ten on average. Some countries have monitored toilet cleanliness in health settings through trained enumerators (Figure 38). However, indicator definitions vary, and further harmonization is needed for cross- country comparison. For example, the assessment in the Philippines classified toilets as clean if they were observed to have a clean toilet bowl, walls, floor and ceiling. The Lebanon survey considered a health care facility to have clean toilets if they did not have a strong smell, significant numbers of flies or visible signs of faeces. Toilets were classified as ‘somewhat clean’ if there was some smell and/or sign of faecal matter in some but not all toilets. In contrast, the Nepal survey reported observed cleanliness as very good, good, acceptable, bad, or very bad, without further defining these categories. Global standards for health care facilities recommend that toilets are cleaned whenever they are dirty, and at least twice a day, using disinfectant and a brush.41 In Lebanon, 81% of facilities cleaned the toilets at least twice daily and 78% had clean toilets. Two thirds of hospitals in Bhutan cleaned the toilets in inpatient settings at least twice daily, while toilets in outpatient settings and consultation areas were cleaned at least twice daily at around half and one third of hospitals, respectively (Figure 39). A 2016 assessment in Tanzania cited reports of users not leaving the toilets clean after use and highlighted the need for education and awareness raising, in addition to cleaning and general hygiene. Menstrual hygiene facilities and services The kinds of facilities and services needed to manage menstruation are context-specific. Some women use Health care facility toilets in Lesotho are not always acceptable to patients 37 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 SA N ITATIO N SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES disposable products, such as tampons and pads, to manage menstrual flow, while others use reusable materials, such as cloths or menstrual cups. Health care facilities should be able to accommodate users with different types of menstrual hygiene preferences. While a basic level of sanitation service includes having a bin for disposable menstrual materials and a private space with soap and water for washing, some countries monitor additional aspects of menstrual hygiene based on local needs and priorities. For example, over one third of health care facilities in Lebanon provided basic facilities for MHM in 2016, including water and soap, privacy and covered bins for disposal; fewer facilities provided additional services such as training on safe disposal of sanitary pads (Figure 40). A 2018 study by the British Medical Association found that only 56% of hospital trusts and health boards in the United Kingdom routinely supply sanitary products to patients, with an additional 29% providing products in emergencies.42 In response, the National Health Service of England indicated that hospitals would be required to provide free sanitary products to any patient who needs them by the summer of 2019. 42 British Medical Association, ‘Sanitary product provision for inpatients’, 4 February 2019, BMA, London, 2019, <www.bma.org.uk/collective-voice/policy-and-research/public-and- population-health/sanitary-product-provision-for-inpatients>, accessed 13 March 2019. 43 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. FIGURE 40 Proportion of health care facilities with different provisions for menstrual hygiene management in Lebanon (2016, n=166) (%)43 Toilets in health care facility toilets are not always clean FIGURE 38 Proportion of health care facilities with clean toilets, by country (national definitions vary) (%) In Bhutan, toilets were cleaned more frequently in inpatient than in outpatient areas FIGURE 39 Frequency of toilet cleaning in Bhutan by hospital ward (National Assessment, 2016, n=28) (%) Lebanon monitors multiple aspects of menstrual hygiene management in health care facilities 38 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S HYGIENE SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 44 For more details see: World Health Organization, WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/gpsc/5may/ tools/9789241597906/en>. 45 World Health Organization, A Guide to the Implementation of the WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy, WHO, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/infection-prevention/ publications/hh_implementation-guide/en> 46 For more details see: World Health Organization, WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2009, <www.who.int/gpsc/5may/ tools/9789241597906/en>. In 1847, the Hungarian obstetrician Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that the shocking rates of maternal mortality in the Vienna General Hospital were caused by the hospital’s doctors, who would examine patients directly after conducting autopsies, without effectively cleaning their hands. Even without an understanding of germ theory, Semmelweis was able to dramatically reduce mortality by requiring doctors to clean their hands with a chlorine solution after completing autopsies. Since then, effective hand hygiene in health care facilities has been the cornerstone of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines and practices, and is today considered the primary measure for preventing health care associated infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Health care workers are the principal target of efforts to improve hand hygiene, since they care for multiple patients and may come into contact with blood and other bodily fluids. However, visitors to health care facilities can also spread pathogens on their hands, and it is important that health care facilities provide handwashing facilities with soap and water at toilets used by patients as well as other visitors who may be tending to patients’ needs. Interventions to improve hand hygiene in health care settings focus on engaging facility leaders and front line staff, educating health care workers, displaying reminders on posters and improving communications, monitoring practices and providing feedback, and above all ensuring that health care workers have easy access to soap and water, and/or alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR), and know how to use them effectively. WHO’s five ‘key moments’ for hand hygiene in health care facilities are (1) before touching a patient, (2) before clean/aseptic procedures, (3) after body fluid exposure/risk, (4) after touching a patient, and (5) after touching patient surroundings.44 There should be su¦cient, and functional, hand hygiene facilities to ensure health care workers, caregivers and patients can carry out hand hygiene at all five key moments. Furthermore, WHO recommends using a multi-modal approach to improving hand hygiene, centred around evaluation and feedback, workplace reminders, and developing a climate of institutional safety.45 BOX 5 Soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub? It is quicker and easier to clean hands with alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) rather than washing hands with soap and water. Encouraging the use of ABHR by health care workers can greatly improve hand hygiene compliance, as well as providing a backup when there are water shortages. However, ABHR is less effective when hands are visibly dirty or soiled with blood or other bodily fluids. In such cases (as well as after using the toilet), handwashing with soap and water is recommended. Some pathogens (such as Clostridium diŒcile) may not be effectively removed or inactivated by ABHR. If exposure to such pathogens is strongly suspected or proven, handwashing with soap and water is the preferred means of hand hygiene. Additional hygiene measures are required for preventing germ transmission, for example the use of personal protective equipment.46 HYGIENE Basic service Functional hand hygiene facilities (with water and soap and/ or alcohol-based hand rub) are available at points of care, and within five metres of toilets. Limited service Functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets but not both. No service No functional hand hygiene facilities are available either at points of care or toilets. FIGURE 41 Basic hygiene services ladder for health care facilities 39 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIESHand hygiene cannot be performed without access to hand hygiene facilities, and, for the purposes of national and global monitoring, the basic services indicator focuses on the availability of soap and water, or alcohol- based hand rub, at locations where patients receive care. The basic service level additionally includes having soap and water at toilets. If a health care facility has functional47 hand hygiene facilities either at points of care or toilets, but not both, it is classified as having limited services, while facilities with no functional hand hygiene facilities at all are considered to have no service. BOX 6 Points of care44 A point of care is defined as the place where three elements come together: the patient, the health care worker, and care or treatment involving contact with the patient or his/her surroundings (within the patient zone). The concept embraces the need to perform hand hygiene at recommended moments exactly where care delivery takes place. This requires that a hand hygiene product (for example, alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water) be easily accessible and as close as possible – within arm’s reach of where patient care or treatment is taking place. Point of care products should be accessible without having to leave the patient zone. 47 To be considered functional, hand hygiene facilities at points of care must have either alcohol-based hand rub, or soap and water. If alcohol-based hand rub is used, health care staff may also carry a dispenser around between points of care. To be considered functional, hand hygiene facilities at toilets must have soap and water available within five metres of toilets. Alcohol-based hand rub is not considered adequate for hand hygiene at toilets, as it does not remove faecal matter from hands. Health care facilities should have hand hygiene materials at all places where patients receive care. Some monitoring programmes track if hand hygiene materials are available at multiple locations within a health care facility, while others involve random spot checks at specific points of care. In order to make consistent comparisons, for global monitoring purposes, the availability of hand hygiene facilities at any point of care counts towards the basic service level. Wherever possible, the JMP uses data relating to hand hygiene in the outpatient department or general consultation area, even if other areas lack hand hygiene facilities. Figure 42 illustrates that in China, nearly all health care facilities have handwashing facilities, most of which have water, but only a third have soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub at points of care (36%). Since two out of three Chinese health care facilities have soap and water at toilets (67%), the availability of hand hygiene materials at points of care is the limiting factor for basic hygiene services. Taking the minimum of the two values as the determining factor for the basic service may overestimate basic services, since some health care facilities could have hand hygiene facilities at points of care but not at toilets. 40 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Illustration of construction of the hygiene services ladder: China FIGURE 42 Proportion of health care facilities with hand hygiene facilities and soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub, China (Health Care Facilities Survey, 2018) (%) BASIC HYGIENE SERVICES 41 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES However, since the data for these different indicators may come from different surveys or datasets, it is not always possible to calculate basic services at the level of individual health care facilities, and the JMP makes this calculation based on the aggregate values for health care facilities in each domain. Globally, in 2016, one in six health care facilities (16%) had no hygiene service, meaning that hand hygiene facilities were not available either at points of care or toilets (Figure 43). Only one SDG region, Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, had su¦cient data to generate estimates for basic hygiene services, while four regions had su¦cient data to calculate the proportion of health care facilities with no hygiene service. Insu¦cient data were available to make estimates for the four other SDG regions and very few high-income countries had data available in 2016. Although health care facilities in high-income countries are more likely to have access to soap and running water (as well as improved sanitation), they may still face logistical and supply-chain hurdles for alcohol-based hand rub. Sometimes countries assert 100% coverage of basic services (noting that it is a legal requirement or building regulation), but in the Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries, with a combined population of 1.7 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 44 Data coverage for hygiene services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 Globally, 16% of health care facilities had no hygiene service in 2016 FIGURE 43 Regional and global hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 42 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S absence of verified data on compliance, the JMP does not use such information to produce national estimates. Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries in 2016, with a combined population of 1.7 billion (Figure 44). This represents only 19% of the global population and is not su¦cient to make a global estimate. In three of these countries insu¦cient data were available to distinguish between health care facilities with limited services and no hygiene service (Figure 45). Only 16 of the 59 countries with any data on hand hygiene had information about the availability of soap and water at toilets. Many more countries (55, with a combined population of 2.9 billion or 35% of the global population) collect information about the availability of hand hygiene facilities at points of care, though it is more common to collect data on soap and water than on alcohol-based hand rub. Globally, 57% of health care facilities had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. Among the 19 countries with data on both soap and water and alcohol-based hand rub at points of care, some countries, including the United Republic of Tanzania, had relatively higher availability of handwashing facilities with soap and water, while others, such as Myanmar, had greater access to alcohol-based hand rub (Figure 46). Estimates of basic hygiene services were available for 14 countries in 2016 FIGURE 45 Hygiene services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) In some countries, soap and water are more commonly available at points of care; in others, alcohol-based hand rub is more common FIGURE 46 Proportion of health care facilities with alcohol-based hand rub and with soap and water at points of care, 19 countries with data available, 2016 (%) 43 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates of hand hygiene facilities at points of care were available for 55 countries in 2016 FIGURE 47 Proportion of health care facilities with hand hygiene materials at points of care, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) Availability of hand hygiene materials at points of care varies widely between countries and regions, with most regions having at least one country with less than 50% coverage and at least one country with over 90% coverage (Figure 47). 44 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING HYGIENE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments have a duty to set standards for hygiene in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve services where necessary. The global indicator for basic hygiene services serves as a useful starting point but does not incorporate other important aspects of hygiene, such as hand hygiene technique and compliance at key moments, accessibility of handwashing stations in all points of care, or the presence and condition of bathing areas. In many health care facilities, the basic service level is already met, but hygiene services still need improvement. Countries where basic services are already the norm should consider developing and monitoring additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels. A few illustrative examples of national monitoring beyond the basic service level are provided here, but further work is required to standardize these measures. Availability of hand hygiene supplies by hospital area The basic hygiene service level includes the presence of soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub at points of care. Data from the general outpatient exam area are typically used, but availability can vary by type of exam room. In Malawi, hand hygiene facilities (running water and soap or alcohol-based hand rub) were available at 75% of delivery rooms and 65% of outpatient departments, but only 36% of child vaccination areas (Figure 48). Fewer than a third (31%) of health care facilities had hand hygiene materials available at all points of care. The outpatient department is the point of care used as the reference for global monitoring purposes, but this global metric reflects a potential overestimation of the availability of hand hygiene materials throughout the health care facility. Hand hygiene practices The presence of hand hygiene materials is necessary for but does not guarantee compliance at key 45 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES moments. For example, in 2014, a survey involving a five-hour structured observation of nearly 5,000 hand hygiene opportunities at health care facilities in Bangladesh found that while 69% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, only 17% of health care workers washed their hands with soap after touching patients or wounds, and only 2% washed their hands with soap before patient contact or aseptic tasks (Figure 49). Similarly, while half the health care facilities in Cambodia in 2010 had handwashing facilities inside, health care workers washed their hands with soap during less than one in 30 consultations. In Malawi, hand hygiene facilities are least likely to be found in child vaccination rooms FIGURE 48 Proportion of examination rooms, by type, with soap and water and alcohol-based hand rub, observed at the time of visit at health care facilities in Malawi (Service Provision Assessment, 2013, n=540-977) (%) Hospital workers do not always practise hand hygiene at the five key moments FIGURE 49 Hand hygiene compliance in hospitals in Bangladesh (National Hygiene Baseline Survey, 2014) (%) 46 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S H YG IE N E SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Hand hygiene promotion Successful and sustained hand hygiene improvement is achieved by implementing multiple actions to tackle different obstacles and behavioural barriers. Promotional materials and strategies can only improve hand hygiene if hand hygiene facilities are available. In Peru, the proportion of health care facilities with training strategies and incentives for handwashing was 14 percentage points higher than the proportion with handwashing stations with soap and water available in 2017 (Figure 50). In Honduras, nearly half of health care facilities had handwashing promotion but inadequate supplies to practise proper hand hygiene. Sierra Leone provides a positive example of change in attitudes towards handwashing in response to the Ebola epidemic. In a 2014 national census of primary health care facilities, over 95% of health care workers reported changing their handwashing behaviours since learning about Ebola (Figure 51). However, self-reported hand hygiene practices are often much higher than actual compliance due to respondent bias. Accessibility of handwashing stations to all Not only health care workers but also patients and visitors need to be able to wash their hands. Patients and visitors may include small children and people with limited mobility or vision. While few countries monitor the accessibility of handwashing stations in health care facilities, one survey in Lebanon found that roughly 40% of facilities had handwashing stations accessible to the youngest children and fewer than 20% had facilities accessible to those with limited mobility and vision (Figure 52). Handwashing is often promoted at health care facilities without handwashing facilities FIGURE 50 Proportion of health care facilities with handwashing facilities and with handwashing promotion, in Peru and Honduras (WHO, 2017) (%) Over 95% of health care workers in Sierra Leone reported improving hand hygiene practices after learning about Ebola FIGURE 51 Proportion of health care workers in Sierra Leone that reported changing their hand hygiene behaviour after hearing of Ebola (Health Facility Survey, 2014) (%) 47 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 H YG IEN E SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES FIGURE 52 Proportion of health care facilities in Lebanon with handwashing stations accessible to small children and those with limited mobility or vision (2016, n=166) (%)48 48 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. 49 Monro, A and Mulley, GP, ‘Hospital Bathrooms and Showers: A continuing saga of inadequacy’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2004, vol 97(5), pp 235–237, <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014107680409700507>. Bathing areas Bathing can reduce health care associated infections and improve patients’ sense of well-being. Patients should be able to bathe in functional, clean and accessible facilities that respect their privacy and dignity. However, even where bathing facilities exist, they do not always meet patient needs. A 2004 sub-national assessment in the United Kingdom found that 10% of showers were not functioning and 28% of hospital wards did not have showers that were accessible to wheelchair users.49 Comparison with similar studies from over 20 years before the assessment suggested a very slow rate of improvement. Fewer than one in five health care facilities in Lebanon had handwashing stations accessible to those with limited mobility or vision in 2016 48 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 50 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wastemanag/en>. 51 World Health Organization, Management of Waste from Injection Activities at District Level, WHO, Geneva, 2006, <www.who.int/management/quality/ManagementWasteInjections.pdf>. Most waste produced in health care facilities – about 85% – is not hazardous and can be disposed of along with general solid waste. The remaining 15% is either infectious, chemically hazardous or radioactive, and must be managed appropriately to prevent unsafe exposure to health care workers, patients, visitors, waste handlers and the public.50 Used needles and other sharp materials are generally considered the most hazardous category of health care waste because they can easily cause needle stick injuries and subsequent infection.51 WASTE MANAGEMENT Basic service Waste is safely segregated into at least three bins, and sharps and infectious waste are treated and disposed of safely. Limited service There is limited separation and/or treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste, but not all requirements for basic service are met. No service There are no separate bins for sharps or infectious waste, and sharps and/or infectious waste are not treated/disposed of safely. FIGURE 53 Basic health care waste management services ladder 49 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES The first step in the management of health care waste is to segregate it into appropriate bags or containers at the point of generation, using at least three categories: general non-hazardous waste, infectious waste, and sharp waste. Following segregation, infectious and sharp waste should be securely stored, and then taken to facilities for treatment and disposal, either on the premises or at a designated off-site facility. For global monitoring, the basic services indicator includes segregation of waste into at least three bins, and safe treatment and disposal of sharps and infectious waste. If a health care facility has partial systems for segregation and/or treatment of waste, such as burning waste in an open pit rather than a two-stage incinerator, it is classified as having limited services, while facilities without systems for waste segregation or treatment and disposal are considered to have no service. The Indian Ministry of Health & Family Welfare launched the Kayakalp programme in 2015 to complement the broader efforts of the Swachh Bharat (Clean India) initiative. The Kayakalp scheme relies on monitoring a range of indicators related to cleanliness and infection control in health care facilities.52 Health care facilities are assessed by peer organizations and 52 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Guidelines for Implementation of “Kayakalp” Initiative, Government of India, New Delhi, undated, <www.nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/in-focus/ Implementation_Guidebook_for_Kayakalp.pdf>. then verified by third party inspection teams. Data on health care waste management from the 2018 assessment have been analysed by the Indian National Health Systems Resource Centre for 701 public district hospitals and data on primary health centres will be available later in 2019. The hospital data in Figure 54 show that nearly all (97%) district hospitals have some form of waste management, with only 3% being classified as having no service. Disposal of biomedical waste (including sharps and infectious waste) was also high at 94%. Waste segregation, including storage of sharps in puncture-proof containers and segregation of other biomedical wastes according to a 2016 national guideline, was lower at 80%. In all, 76% of Indian hospitals had both segregation and disposal and were classified as having basic services. In 2016, data were available for only three out of eight SDG regions and these were not enough to make global estimates of waste management services in health care facilities (Figure 55). The most complete data were available for sub-Saharan Africa where basic, limited and no service indicators could be calculated. In addition, basic services could be calculated in the Oceania region, while in Northern Africa and Western Asia data were available for the no service indicator. Illustration of construction of the health care waste management services ladder: India FIGURE 54 Waste management services in public district hospitals of India (Kayakalp, 2018) (%) 50 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Data on basic waste management services in health care facilities (including hospitals and other health care facilities) were available from 48 countries (Figure 56), with a combined population of 1.4 billion or 19% of the global population, which is not enough to make a global estimate. However, there were enough data on basic waste management services in hospitals (46 countries, comprising 35% of the global population) to report that two thirds (65%) of hospitals globally have basic services (Figure 57), though this estimate is heavily influenced by the Kayakalp data from India (Figure 54), which found a fairly high level of services. Globally, treatment and disposal of infectious waste and sharps in hospitals were similar at about 80%, though in the case of India, both are reported together as treatment of biomedical waste. Segregation of waste was slightly lower, with only three out of four hospitals (75%) segregating waste into at least three bins. Basic waste management services ranged from 100% in several high-income countries to single digits in some low- income countries (Figure 58). Only 28 out of the 48 countries with basic estimates could also disaggregate between limited Data on basic health care waste management services were available for 48 countries, with a combined population of 1.4 billion, in 2016 FIGURE 56 Data coverage for health care waste management services in health care facilities, by indicator, number of countries and population with data available (billions), 2016 In Least Developed Countries, 27% of health care facilities had basic health care waste management services in 2016 FIGURE 55 Regional and global waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) BASIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES 51 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Globally one out of three hospitals lacked basic waste management services FIGURE 57 Health care waste management services in hospitals (n=46 countries), 2016 (%) Estimates of basic health care waste management services were available for 48 countries in 2016 FIGURE 58 Waste management services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Waste is sometimes treated without being segregated, and segregated waste is often not treated FIGURE 59 Waste segregation and treatment in health care facilities, 2016 (%) services and no service. In ten of these countries, at least 10% of health care facilities had no service. Of the 48 countries where data were available on both waste segregation and treatment, levels of waste segregation were higher than levels of waste treatment in 26 countries, while in 13 countries treatment was higher than segregation (Figure 59). In the remaining nine countries, segregation and treatment were equal, usually at 100%. In Papua New Guinea, waste segregation was nearly universal, but most waste was burnt in open pits, which doesn’t count towards the basic service level. In contrast, in Burkina Faso treatment of both infectious waste and sharps was high, but segregation of infectious waste relatively low. 52 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Estimates of safe segregation of health care waste were available for 60 countries in 2016 FIGURE 60 Proportion of health care facilities with waste segregation, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 53 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Estimates for safe treatment and disposal of health care waste were available for 53 countries in 2016 FIGURE 61 Proportion of health care facilities with waste treatment, by country and SDG region, 2016 (%) 54 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Many countries collect information on segregation of health care waste, and national estimates were available for 60 countries in 2016 (Figure 60), representing 40% of the global population. On average, 60% of health care facilities had at least some segregation system. However, the way in which segregation is assessed varies considerably from survey to survey. Some simply record if there is a sharps box, while others check to see if sharps boxes are available in all waste-producing areas, are used properly (for example, not overfilled) and are appropriately labelled. Many surveys don’t collect information about segregation of other waste or use of the recommended three bin system. The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys do collect information on the availability of sharps containers (safety boxes) and waste receptacles (pedal bins) with a lid and plastic liner for storage of infectious waste, and in most cases find that segregation and appropriate storage is significantly better for sharps than for infectious waste (Figure 62). Surveys that collect information only about sharps containers may therefore overestimate segregation practices in health care facilities. Slightly fewer countries had national estimates on waste treatment and disposal than had estimates on waste segregation. National estimates on health care waste treatment were available for 53 countries, representing 21% of the global population. In six of the seven SDG regions where national data were available, at least one country had fewer than 25% of health care facilities practising safe health care waste treatment and disposal (Figure 61). Only around one in ten health care facilities in Papua New Guinea, Guinea-Bissau and Myanmar used safe treatment methods for infectious and sharps waste. Waste segregation and storage is usually higher for sharps than for infectious waste FIGURE 62 Appropriate segregation and storage of sharps and infectious waste in selected Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys, 2012–17 (%) 55 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Most countries report similar levels of treatment for sharps and infectious waste (Figure 63), and in many data sources, treatment is not reported separately for the two kinds of waste. Where there are differences, sharps waste tends to be slightly better managed than infectious waste. For example, the 2017 Service Provision Assessment survey in Senegal found that nearly 80% of sharps waste was removed off-site in protected containers, compared with 11% of infectious waste. Most infectious waste was instead treated on site, either in an incinerator, which counts towards the global basic services indicator, or through open burning, which does not (Figure 64). However, in Azerbaijan, all infectious waste, but only 55% of sharps waste, is reportedly treated appropriately. A wide range of technologies are used to treat health care waste, and the most appropriate technology will depend on local circumstances, balancing the need to protect public health and the environment. Sharps and infectious waste often receive similar levels of treatment FIGURE 63 Treatment of infectious waste and sharps in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 56 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S Open burning of sharps waste is widespread FIGURE 64 Method used for treatment and disposal of sharps in selected Service Provision Assessment (SPA) surveys 2012–17 (%) In accordance with the Basel Convention,53 it is recommended that waste treatment techniques that minimize the formation and release of chemicals or hazardous emissions should be prioritized. Incineration or burning is widely practised, but can cause serious environmental pollution, including the formation of highly toxic dioxin and furan compounds. The Stockholm Convention54 sets targets for avoiding the formation of dioxins and furans by either avoiding combustion-based technologies or ensuring that combustion is done at high temperature: a first chamber should reach at least 850 °C, while temperatures in a second chamber should reach at least 1,100 °C to minimize the formation of toxic compounds.55 However, health care facilities in low-income and middle-income settings more commonly use simpler single-chamber incinerators or open burning (Figure 64), which don’t reach high enough temperatures to prevent the formation of toxic chemicals. This may be the best available option as a transitional measure if the 53 The most comprehensive global environmental treaty on hazardous and other wastes is: United Nations Environment Programme, The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, UN, Geneva, 1989, <www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview>. 54 United Nations Environment Programme, The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), UN, Geneva, 1989 <www.pops.int> a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from highly dangerous, long-lasting chemicals, by restricting and ultimately eliminating their production, use, trade, release and storage. 55 World Health Organization, Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities, WHO, Geneva, 2014, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wastemanag/en>. only alternative is uncontrolled dumping. Where low- temperature burning is practised, health care facilities should avoid burning PVC plastics and other chlorinated wastes that can lead to the formation of dioxins and furans. For global monitoring, the JMP counts incineration, including single-stage, towards the basic service level, but does not count open burning. Burial in a protected lined pit or removal for treatment offsite are also counted towards the basic service level. In principle, steam-based technologies such as autoclaving, or innovative technologies such as microwave radiation and frictional heat treatment can also effectively decontaminate waste and would count towards the basic service level, but these are not commonly available in low-income and middle-income settings or recorded in most facility assessments. Some surveys (including SARA and SPA) collect information on a variety of treatment technologies (Figure 64), but many assessments only record if waste is burned. 57 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments must set their own standards for health care waste management and put programmes in place to improve their services in line with strengthening the health system. The global indicator for basic services is a useful starting point, but does not incorporate important aspects of waste management, such as whether incinerators function reliably, how waste generation can be minimized, and disposal of placentas in delivery settings. Even in health care facilities with a basic service, waste management services may still need improvement. Where resources allow, additional indicators should be monitored based on national priorities. Incinerator functionality High temperature two-chamber incineration is considered a safe treatment method for health care waste, as it minimizes the formation of toxic compounds. However, in some countries, incinerators at health care facilities are not functional or fuel is not available to operate them (Figure 65). For example, in Malawi, over half of health care facilities had an incinerator, but at the time of the survey, the incinerator was functional at 88% of these facilities and fuel was available at only 45%. In Somalia, 15% of health care facilities had an incinerator, but 60% and 66% of those had a functional system and fuel available, respectively. Waste minimization Health care waste that is not safely treated can have harmful effects on human and environmental health. In some countries, a large quantity of infectious and sharps waste produced at health care facilities is released into the environment without safe treatment. In Yemen, for example, a 2017 assessment of 72 hospitals found that each generated on average roughly 8.2 kg of sharps waste per day, of which 5 kg was not safely segregated and only 1.3 kg was safely segregated and treated (Figure 66). Similarly, 11.8 kg of infectious waste was produced per day on average, but only 1.5 kg was safely segregated and treated. While it is critical to ensure hazardous health care waste is safely treated and disposed of, it is also important to exclude non-hazardous waste from waste streams that Waste incinerators are not always functional and do not always have fuel available to operate FIGURE 65 Proportion of health care facilities with waste incinerators that were functional and had fuel available at the time of the survey, by country (%) 58 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S W A ST E M A N AG EM EN T SE RV IC ES I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S require costly treatment processes, such as sterilization or high-temperature incineration. A 2014 evaluation of the contents of infectious waste streams in Irish health care facilities identified 66% of the waste stream as contaminated, 19% as clean packaging material that was non-hazardous, and 15% as uncontaminated and potentially not of risk (Figure 67). The cost of incorrect segregation of non-hazardous waste into the hazardous health care waste stream was an estimated 700 Euro per tonne. Based on the amount of waste produced (1.9 kg and 0.2 kg per in-patient bed at hospitals and health centres, respectively) the government estimated hospitals could save up to 27,000 Euro per year and health centres could save up to 6,000 Euro per year by ensuring non-hazardous waste is excluded from hazardous waste streams.56 56 Irish Environmental Protection Agency, Reducing Waste in Irish Healthcare Facilities: Results, guidance and tips from a 3-year programme, CIT Press, Cork, 2014, <www.epa.ie/pubs/ advice/green%20business/Reducing-food-waste-in-Irish-healthcare-Facilities-foodwaste-guidance-booklet-reduced-size.pdf>. 57 Olanyiy, FC, Ogola, JS, and Tshitangano, TG, ‘A review of medical waste management in South Africa’, Open Environmental Sciences, 2018, 10, pp 34–45, <benthamopen.com/ FULLTEXT/TOENVIRJ-10-34>. In addition to the financial implications of appropriately separating waste, there are other resource limitations to consider, including space and disposal site management. In South Africa, health care facilities produced approximately 45,000 tonnes of health care waste in 2013. Authorized disposal sites have been unable to manage the large quantities of incoming health care waste and illegal dumping has been reported.57 Segregating non-hazardous waste and excluding it from the hazardous waste stream reduces the amount of waste to be treated and, in places where safe disposal sites are overextended, can help alleviate health risks associated with illegal dumping of medical waste. Best practice waste management will aim to avoid or recover and recycle as much material as possible, to reduce the need for waste treatment and disposal. 59 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 W A STE M A N AG EM EN T SERV IC ES IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Placenta disposal Pathological waste management should include safe placenta disposal in any delivery setting. Placentas, and pathological waste generally, should not be treated with chemical disinfectants, which destroy the microorganisms that aid the decomposition process. Safe burial of pathological waste in cemeteries or safe burning in crematoriums are recommended disposal options. A common treatment method in low-resource settings is a placenta pit, which allows the solids to biodegrade and liquids to percolate into the ground. In some cultures, mothers and their families may prefer to take the placenta home or bury it themselves. While few countries have data on placenta disposal, Cambodia provides an interesting example from 2016. In 69% of hospitals and health centres, placenta waste was typically treated in onsite protected placenta pits, in 20% the mother usually took the placenta home, in 6% the placenta was buried on the facility grounds, and the remaining 5% of facilities did not have delivery services (Figure 68). When health care workers were asked what the major WASH-related constraints were at the facility, 7% of respondents specifically mentioned the lack of a placenta pit. Much of the waste produced in Yemen hospitals was not segregated or treated FIGURE 66 Production, segregation and treatment of sharps waste in Yemen hospitals (WHO Emergency Health and Nutrition Project, 2017) (%) Better segregation could reduce the amount of health care waste sent for treatment FIGURE 67 Proportion of waste in the Irish health care waste stream by level of contamination (Ireland EPA, 2014) (%) Placentas are often placed in a placenta pit or taken home by the mother FIGURE 68 Placenta disposal methods in Cambodian hospitals and health centres (National Institute of Public Health, 2016, n=117) (%) 60 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 58 World Health Organization, Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level, WHO, Geneva, 2016, <www.who.int/gpsc/ipc-components/en>. 59 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infection Control Africa Network, Best Practices for Environmental Cleaning in Healthcare Facilities (DRAFT), CDC and ICAN, Atlanta, 2019. Environmental contamination plays a role in the transmission of health care associated infections (HCAI). Some of the pathogens frequently linked with HCAI can survive for months on surfaces such as bed rails, tables and floors.58 Effective environmental cleaning is a fundamental intervention for infection prevention and control (IPC) and has been shown to significantly reduce the transmission of HCAI. Environmental cleaning refers to the cleaning and disinfection (when necessary) of environmental surfaces (for example, bed rails, call buttons, chairs) and surfaces of non-critical patient care equipment (for example, IV poles, stethoscopes).59 Environmental cleaning also includes the cleaning and disinfection of floors and bathrooms, and the management of spills of blood and bodily fluids. Environmental cleaning requires products such as cleaning tools (for example, cleaning cloths and wipes, mops, buckets) and cleaning materials (for example, detergents, disinfectants) as well as personal protective equipment for the cleaning staff. Also, fundamentally, environmental cleaning requires access to su¦cient quantities of clean water. Different products and materials should be used for different types of cleaning, including routine cleaning conducted on a regular basis, terminal cleaning conducted after patient discharge, and responsive cleaning following specific events, such as spills of blood or bodily fluids. All health care facilities should establish environmental cleaning policies that describe the required type and frequency of cleaning for different purposes, who is responsible for doing the cleaning, and how cleaning should be performed and recorded. Health care facilities should develop written protocols or standard operating procedures (SOPs) that specify the tools and materials that should be used for each type of cleaning and provide step-by-step instructions on the process. SOPs should also describe preparatory steps, including the use of personal protective equipment, and final steps, such as the management of soiled cleaning supplies. ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING Basic service Basic protocols for cleaning are available, and staff with cleaning responsibilities have all received training. Limited service There are cleaning protocols and/or at least some staff have received training on cleaning. No service No cleaning protocols are available and no staff have received training on cleaning. FIGURE 69 Basic environmental cleaning services ladder for health care facilities 61 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES BASIC ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING SERVICES Policies and SOPs are only effective when health care workers are aware of them and trained in their implementation. Environmental cleaning policies should clearly identify who is responsible for which types of cleaning and establish requirements for foundational and refresher trainings for all staff with cleaning responsibilities. This report introduces an environmental cleaning service ladder that defines a basic minimum level of service for all health care facilities and uses data currently available from national sources to classify facilities as having basic services, limited services, or no service (Figure 69). The basic service level consists of having written protocols available and ensuring all staff with cleaning responsibilities have received training. Facilities that either have no protocols in place or have provided some but not all staff with training on environmental cleaning are classified as having limited services, while facilities lacking both protocols and training are considered to have no service. Globally, only four countries had national estimates for basic environmental cleaning in health care facilities (Figure 70). An additional three countries had data on either the availability of cleaning protocols or the training of health care workers (Figure 71). Among the countries with both sets of information, protocols were more commonly available than training in the Maldives and Tunisia, while training was slightly more prevalent than having protocols in Montenegro. Estimates of basic environmental cleaning services were available for four countries in 2016 FIGURE 70 Basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) Not all health care facilities had environmental cleaning protocols and not all staff had received training in countries with data in 2016 FIGURE 71 Protocols and training on environmental cleaning services in health care facilities, 2016 (%) 62 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S ADDITIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES Governments must set their own standards for environmental cleaning in health care facilities and put programmes in place to improve their services in line with strengthening the health system. The global indicator for basic environmental cleaning services is a useful starting point but does not incorporate important aspects, such as observed cleanliness, cleaning frequency, availability of cleaning supplies and use of personal protective equipment. In some health care facilities, the basic service level may have already been met but environmental cleaning services still need improvement. Countries may consider additional indicators corresponding to more advanced service levels depending on the priorities and available resources. The following examples illustrate national monitoring beyond the basic service level for environmental cleaning in health care facilities and are not intended to be comprehensive. 63 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Observed cleanliness While monitoring the elements of basic environmental cleaning services (availability of protocols and extent of training) is typically more objectively comparable and less resource intensive than observing facility cleanliness directly, data on observed cleanliness of health care facilities can provide useful additional information. Surveys in Malawi, Senegal and Bangladesh provide examples of monitoring systems in which survey teams conduct spot checks within facilities and record whether counters, tables and chairs appear to have been wiped clean and floors have been swept (Figure 72). In Tunisia, the overall cleanliness score for health care facilities was 54%, based on five observed criteria:60 • cleaning schedules are posted • cleaning schedules are respected • floors, walls and ceilings are clean • absence of unpleasant smells or tobacco odour • absence of dust and dirt on furniture 60 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017, <winhcf.org>. 61 World Health Organization, Essential Environmental Health Standards in Health Care, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/en>. 62 Bhutan Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation & Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, city, 2016, <www.washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. Cleaning frequency Global guidelines recommend that all horizontal surfaces in health care facilities are cleaned at least daily and whenever they are dirty.61 Wet mopping with hot water and detergent is advised. While few countries have data on the frequency and methods of cleaning at health care facilities, routine cleaning may be much less frequent than once per day at some facilities and even fewer clean facilities daily with hot water and detergent. For example, in Bhutan, only 68% of hospitals mopped with chlorine or detergent,62 while in Cambodia, 79% of facilities were cleaned at least once per day and 53% used detergent daily in 2016 (Figure 73). Availability of cleaning supplies A consistent supply of cleaning materials, including detergent and disinfectant, is needed for routine cleaning, but disinfectant is often unavailable. Health care facilities are not always clean FIGURE 72 Observed cleanliness in health care facilities in Malawi, Senegal and Bangladesh (%) FIGURE 73 Cleaning frequency and use of detergent in health care facilities in Cambodia (National Institute of Public Health, 2016, n=116) (%) Half of health care facilities in Cambodia were cleaned daily with detergent in 2016 64 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S EN V IR O N M EN TA L C LE A N IN G I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S In seven out of 21 countries with data, fewer than three quarters of health care facilities had disinfectant in the outpatient exam room FIGURE 74 Proportion of health care facilities with environmental disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room for 21 countries, 2012–17 (%) Out of 21 countries with data, fewer than three quarters of health care facilities in seven countries had disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room at the time of the survey (Figure 74). In Somalia, fewer than 40% of facilities had disinfectant available in the outpatient exam room in 2016. Cleaning supplies at different points of care Separate cleaning equipment should be available at each point of care. In some health care facilities, there is a wide gap between different areas. In Malawi, for example, 87% of delivery areas had disinfectant available in 2013, while disinfectant was present in only 47% of child vaccination areas (Figure 75). A similar pattern was observed in Tanzanian health care facilities in 2014. Senegal, on the other hand, had similar availability between different points of care in 2017. 65 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 EN V IRO N M EN TA L C LEA N IN G IN H EA LTH C A RE FAC ILITIES Disinfectant availability may vary by point of care FIGURE 75 Proportion of health care facilities with environmental disinfectant available at different points of care in Senegal, Malawi and United Republic of Tanzania (%) 66 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES INEQUALITIES 63 World Health Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and World Bank, Delivering Quality Health Services: A global imperative for universal health coverage, WHO, OECD and World Bank, Geneva, 2018, <www.who.int/servicedeliverysafety/quality-report/publication/en>. 64 Constitution of the World Health Organization, WHO, Geneva, 1946, <www.who.int/about/who-we-are/constitution>. 65 Commission on Social Determinants of Health, Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health, Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health, WHO, Geneva, 2008, <www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/en>. 66 See for example: World Health Organization, Monitoring Health Inequality: An essential step for achieving health equity, WHO, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ handle/10665/133849/WHO_FWC_GER_2014.1_eng.pdf>. Inequalities in access to health care are widespread between and within countries. Poor and marginalized groups often lack access and are among the most vulnerable to disease and preventable deaths. There continue to be large disparities between rich and poor populations in access to health care services, especially those needed to reduce maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Inequalities in access to health care are pronounced in low-income and middle-income countries, but inequity is prevalent in high-income settings too.63 Yet the right to health is a fundamental human right for all, a¦rmed by numerous human rights conventions as well as in the WHO 1946 Constitution.64 In 2008, the Commission on Social Determinants of Health called for strengthening the monitoring of health equity and reducing inequities.65 Since then, increasing attention has been paid to quantitatively assessing inequalities in health,66 and a major determinant of inequality in health outcomes is inequality in access to primary, secondary and tertiary health care across communities. Barriers to equitable access to care include out-of-pocket costs and distance to health care facilities, but also the availability and quality of services at different kinds of facilities. Previous chapters in this report have focused on WASH services at the national, regional and global levels. Aggregate statistics such as these are useful for tracking progress globally and for cross-country comparison but 67 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES Many countries lack disaggregated data for basic WASH services FIGURE 76 Number of countries with national and disaggregated data on basic WASH services, 2016 mask inequalities in access within countries. These can be examined by disaggregating WASH services by different dimensions of inequality (or ‘stratifiers’) and highlighting gaps in service. An individual facility assessment survey might collect many kinds of information that could be used for disaggregating indicators of different services. However, these stratifiers are not always consistent from one survey to another, even within the same country. This report focuses on three high-level stratifiers that are included in many assessments: • Health care facility type. Health facilities can range from advanced training hospitals with thousands of staff who perform complex procedures to rural outpatient clinics with only one or two staff who have minimal training and resources. Different types of facilities offer different types of health services, and coverage of WASH and other basic services may differ widely by facility type. National assessments and monitoring systems do not use a consistent classification of facility types but many do record if facilities being assessed are hospitals or not. Accordingly, the JMP has produced estimates separately for hospitals and other types of facilities, classified as non-hospitals. • Managing authority. In most countries, health care services are delivered through a mix of government health care facilities (for example, public hospitals, health centres, and clinics) and non-government facilities, which may include facilities managed by for-profit private corporations, not-for-profit providers (including faith-based organisations) and individual health care providers. Some assessments collect information only on government facilities, while others assess different types of non- government facilities. Relatively few countries have a single national database covering all health care facility management authorities. • Geography. Health care facilities are not evenly distributed throughout countries, and facilities in remote areas may be more likely to lack basic services. Most assessments record the location of health care facilities by sub-national region, district or other administrative unit. While data on sub-national areas are important for national planning, they cannot easily be aggregated to regional and global scales. Some assessments record whether health care facilities are located in urban or rural areas, which is a more useful distinction for regional and global analysis. Generally, fewer countries have disaggregated data for WASH services than have national data for all the different service areas (Figure 76). For example, while 38 countries have data on basic water services at the national scale, half as many (19) have data for urban and rural areas. 68 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Countries are more likely to have disaggregated data on individual elements of the basic service indicators than on the basic service indicators themselves, but still there are only a few individual elements with enough disaggregated data to make global estimates possible (Table 7). Furthermore, the unequal distribution of data complicates analysis of inequalities at the regional and global scales, because the countries contributing to global estimates may differ from one statistic to another. Table 7 shows that globally 90% of hospitals and 54% of non-hospitals have hand hygiene facilities at points of care. Both statistics draw on data from 35–38% of the global population. However, the hospital data are heavily influenced by India, which did not have comparable data on non-hospitals, while the non-hospital estimate reflects the influence of data from China, which lacked comparable data for hospitals. Comparisons of aggregate statistics should therefore be made with caution. A more robust analysis can be made by comparing paired estimates for countries that have data for both settings. Figure 77 illustrates that in most countries with GLOBAL INDICATOR BETTER SITUATION WORSE SITUATION No water service Hospitals: 4% Non-hospitals: 11% No water service Non-government: 6%* Government: 12% No water service Urban: 5% Rural: 15% No sanitation service Hospitals: 9% Non-hospitals: 20% No sanitation service Government: 16% Non-government: 36% Hand hygiene at points of care Hospitals: 90% Non-hospitals: 54% Waste segregation Hospitals: 75% Non-hospitals: 60% * Data from 2015: Insu™cient data to make a global estimate for 2016. TABLE 7 Disaggregated global estimates of WASH service elements in 2016 Water and sanitation services are more likely to be lacking in rural areas, in non-hospitals and in government health care facilities FIGURE 77 Proportion of health care facilities with no water or sanitation services in 2016, by stratifiers of inequality (%) 69 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES data, health care facilities with no water and sanitation services are more likely to be found in rural areas, and that hospitals are less likely to have no services than non-hospitals. Government facilities are slightly more likely to have no water or sanitation services than non-government facilities, but there is greater variation between countries for this stratifier. This may in part be due to differences in non-government facilities, which could include both small community clinics and large private hospitals. Data on the location and type of water source, and the availability of water from the source, often come from different sources, but the JMP makes use of all available national data to produce estimates (see Annex 1: JMP methods). In some cases, all of the information needed to calculate basic service coverage is available from a single data source (Figure 78). The ECPSS 2017 survey found that while nearly all health care facilities in Senegal (>98%) had some kind of water facility and use of improved sources was high (>85%) in all settings, coverage of basic water services was substantially lower in rural areas than in urban areas. Non-hospitals and government facilities also had lower coverage of basic services, because even when they had improved water supplies, water was not always available at the time of the assessment. Basic water services in health care facilities can vary widely by setting FIGURE 78 Water services in Sénégal, Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS), 2017 (%) 70 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES FACILITY TYPE DESCRIPTION RELATED TERMS Tertiary-level hospital Highly specialized staff and technical equipment – for example, cardiology, intensive care and specialized imaging units; clinical services highly differentiated by function; could have teaching activities; size ranges from 300 to 1,500 beds • National hospital • Central hospital • Academic, teaching or university hospital Secondary-level hospital Highly differentiated by function with five to ten clinical specialties; size ranges from 200 to 800 beds • Regional hospital • Provincial hospital • General hospital Primary-level hospital Few specialties – mainly internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and general surgery, or just general practice; limited laboratory services available for general but not specialized pathological analysis • District hospital • Rural hospital • Community hospital • General hospital TABLE 8 Descriptions and terms for different types of hospital67 67 Jamison, DT et al., eds., Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, second edition, Chapter 66 ‘Referral hospitals’, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and World Bank, Washington D.C., and Oxford University Press, New York, 2006, <www.who.int/management/referralhospitals.pdf>. Facility type There is no universal classification system describing the different types of facilities that make up a national health system. There is a general typology of services, including primary, secondary and tertiary care, where secondary and tertiary health care services are usually, though not always, delivered in hospitals following referral from a primary care professional. Hospitals are large health care settings providing a range of inpatient and outpatient care. Countries have different definitions of what constitutes a hospital, and normally have a range of kinds of hospitals performing various functions (Table 8). The number of beds available for inpatient services is one characteristic that distinguishes different types of hospitals. Primary health care may be delivered in hospitals but, in many cases, patients’ first point of contact with the health system is in a smaller health care facility. A wide range of facilities apart from hospitals can offer primary care, but there is not a consistent set of terms to describe these different institutions. These smaller health care facilities may be found in rural, peri-urban or urban settings, and often provide outpatient but not inpatient care. Some of the more commonly used terms for facilities other than hospitals include: • Health centre, primary health centre, community health centre • Clinic, polyclinic • Health post • Basic health unit • Infirmary • Dispensary • Specialty clinic (for example, dental, mental health) • Physician’s o¦ce • Mobile clinic (for example, vaccination) Where data permit, the JMP groups all health care facilities that are not classified as hospitals into non-hospitals for aggregate analysis, excluding very small facilities (for example, dispensaries, physician’s o¦ces, mobile clinics) and specialty clinics. Since countries always have many more non-hospitals than hospitals, the national statistics for all health care facilities are heavily influenced by the conditions in non-hospitals. Many countries have disaggregated data on different WASH services for hospitals and non-hospitals. Generally, services are higher in hospitals, and in some cases there are large gaps (Figure 79). For example, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, coverage of hygiene at points of care and basic waste management was more than 20 percentage points higher in hospitals than non-hospitals, and more than 40 points higher for improved water on the premises and improved sanitation. In Burkina Faso, 86% of hospitals, but only 32% of other health care facilities, had basic waste management services. In Bangladesh and Zimbabwe, the disparities between hospitals and non-hospitals were much smaller. In a small number of cases (for example, Liberia and Ghana), coverage for some WASH services was higher in non-hospitals than in hospitals. 71 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES These disparities can affect the ability of health care workers at smaller facilities to provide quality care. For example, in Central African Republic, staff at 62% of health care facilities and 86% of health posts had to collect water from sources located off the premises, compared to 26% of hospitals (Figure 80). Among these, water collection was reported to take over 30 minutes each way at 10% of hospitals, 9% of health care facilities and 13% of health posts. Large disparties were also recorded in Cambodia, where 80% of hospitals cleaned the facility with detegent at least once per day compared with 48% of other health care facilities (Figure 81). While no hospitals reported cleaning less frequently than every two days, 12% of other health care facilities cleaned with detergent only once per week. Within the general classes of hospitals and non- hospitals there can also be significant variability in WASH infrastructure and services (Figure 83). In Nepal, different kinds of hospitals had between 67% and 100% coverage with sewer connections or septic tanks, while piped water coverage in non-hospitals ranged from 43% among sub-health posts to 71% in HIV testing and counselling sites. Disaggregated data reveal disparities between hospitals and non-hospitals FIGURE 79 Proportion of health care facilities with improved water on premises, improved sanitation, hand hygiene facilities at points of care, and basic waste management, 2016 (%) Staff working in non-hospitals in Central African Republic spend more time collecting water FIGURE 80 One-way travel time to water source (minutes) in Central African Republic (Health Facility Baseline Survey, 2016) (%) 72 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES 68 Globally, 6% of non-government health care facilities had no water service in 2015. Data were not su™cient to make a global estimate for 2016. Managing authority Governments often directly manage health care facilities, either through central or local government institutions. Non-governmental health care facilities may be managed by for-profit private corporations, not-for- profit providers (including faith-based organizations), and individual health care providers such as private doctors. In some countries, and for some indicators, coverage is higher for government facilities, but the opposite is true in other cases. Globally, twice as many government facilities (12%) had no water service compared to non-government facilities (6%),68 but the reverse was true in Kenya, Benin and Ghana (Figure 83). Globally, non-government facilities were more than twice as likely to have no sanitation service (36%) than government facilities (16%), but in 16 out of 27 countries with data, government facilities were more likely to have no sanitation service. Figure 83 shows there is no clear Hospitals are cleaned more frequently than other health facilities in Cambodia FIGURE 81 Frequency of cleaning in Cambodian health centres and hospitals ( National Institute of Public Health, 2016) Access to piped water and sewer connections or septic tanks varies widely among hospitals and non-hospitals in Nepal FIGURE 82 Proportion of health care facilities in Nepal with piped water and sewer connections or septic tanks, by facility type (Service Provision Assessment, 2015) (%) 73 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES pattern from country to country between government and non-government facilities. Likewise, Figure 84 shows that in six countries with comparable data, improved sanitation coverage didn’t show any consistent pattern among different kinds of non-government managing authorities. There are no clear patterns in WASH services by health care facility managing authority FIGURE 83 Proportion of health care facilities with no water, sanitation and waste management services, by managing authority, 2016 (%) 74 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Geography Geographic location is a strong driver of inequality, and people living in rural or remote areas often face di¦culty in accessing quality health care, especially beyond primary care. Many low-income and middle-income countries have large rural populations and can have large numbers of small health care facilities. In such cases, national statistics are dominated by rural facilities. In the majority of countries with disaggregated data available, rural health care facilities have consistently poorer WASH services than urban facilities (Figure 85). The greatest disparities are observed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with a gap of 50 percentage points for no sanitation service, and in Niger, where 47% of rural but only 2% of urban health care facilities had no water service. No clear trends are evident by type of non-government health care facility FIGURE 84 Proportion of health care facilities with improved sanitation, among non-government managing authorities (%) WASH services are usually better in urban health care facilities FIGURE 85 Proportion of health care facilities with no water, sanitation and waste management services, by urban and rural location, 2016 (%) 75 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES FIGURE 87 Presence of E. coli in improved water sources at public health centres in Lebanon69 (2016, n=166) (%) 69 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. 70 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017. Quality of service in each domain was assessed through a checklist that included 5–15 criteria per domain. Many facility assessments allow for disaggregation by sub-national regions, such as states or districts, which can shed light on regional disparities. Figure 86 shows that in Tunisia, health care facilities in the southernmost region of Tataouine have better conditions in toilets and general cleanliness, but relatively poorer hand hygiene and waste management, compared to neighboring regions.70 According to a 2017 national assessment of WASH in public health centres in Lebanon, over 70% of health care facilities in Bekaa governorate had water from an improved source that was free from E. coli, while in Akkar governorate, 85% of health care facilities had no available improved water source, and water was contaminated with E. coli in half of the facilities that could be tested (Figure 87). WASH services in health care facilities vary in different parts of Tunisia FIGURE 86 WASH services in health care facilities in Tunisia, by region (2017) Water quality in Lebanese health care facilities varies widely by directorate 76 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S IN EQ U A LI TI ES Universal access to WASH at home and in health care facilities WASH services are generally better in health care facilities than in households. In two thirds of countries (66%) with comparable data, health care facilities were more likely to have improved water sources than households. In 84% of countries, improved sanitation was higher in health care facilities (Figure 90). In 85% of countries, health BOX 7 Fragile states 71 World Bank, Fragility, Conflict & Violence, World Bank, 2019, <www.worldbank.org/en/topic/fragilityconflictviolence>, accessed 13 March 2019. Demand for health care is often greatest in times of conflict, violence and instability, though these same conditions can disrupt WASH and other services necessary to provide quality care. The World Bank’s Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group71 classifies 19 of the 51 countries in the SDG region of sub-Saharan Africa as fragile. Figure 88 shows that WASH services in health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa are consistently lower in fragile states compared with non-fragile states. Figure 89 shows that in some of the regions most affected by the recent conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic, less than one quarter of health centres had functional water supplies in 2017. FIGURE 88 WASH services in health care facilities in fragile and other states in sub-Saharan Africa, 2016 (%) FIGURE 89 Functional water supplies in Syrian hospitals (Health Emergency Resources Availability Mapping Systems (HeRAMS)/Annual Public Hospitals Report, 2017) (%) Health care facilities tend to have better WASH services than households FIGURE 90 WASH services at health care facilities and households (2015), among countries with data available for both settings (%) 77 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 IN EQ U A LITIES care facilities were more likely to have hand hygiene materials at points of care than households were likely to have handwashing facilities with soap and water. As more and better data become available, it will be possible to conduct further analysis of overlapping inequalities in access to WASH in households, schools, health care facilities and other settings. BOX 8 WASH and births Globally there has been a substantial increase in the proportion of women who give birth at health care facilities. Whereas in 2000 just half (51%) of women globally gave birth in a health care facility, in 2017 three out of four (76%) women delivered their babies in a health care facility. In many countries, the shift from home deliveries to facility deliveries has been a key objective of the health sector with the aim to improve delivery outcomes and the quality of maternal and newborn care. It is estimated that one in five births globally take place in Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and that, each year, 17 million women in these countries give birth in health care facilities with inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene. Basic water services were just as likely to be available at home as at health care facilities in LDCs (62% vs 55%) but women were more likely to lack sanitation and hygiene facilities at home. Handwashing facilities were available at points of care in two out of three health care facilities in these countries but just 27% of the population had a handwashing facility with water and soap at home. Delivery rooms require tailored WASH services to ensure a safe and dignified delivery and minimize the risks of infections including sepsis, a leading cause of both maternal and neonatal mortality. The WHO/UNICEF JMP convened an expert group to develop core questions and indicators for monitoring WASH and related IPC in delivery rooms. These questions are recommended for use in health care facility assessments, which include visits to areas where different services are offered, as well as dedicated emergency obstetric and newborn care surveys. Basic WASH services in the delivery room include: running water, a usable toilet accessible to women during labour, handwashing facilities, sterile equipment, a shower or bath for women, waste segregation and placenta disposal, and protocols and training for cleaning the delivery room. Related IPC includes sterile gloves, a cord tie and blade to cut the umbilical cord, and a clean surface or material for women to deliver on (or a ‘clean birth kit’). Assessments of the conditions in delivery rooms are available from several countries and show that many women face risks due to inadequate WASH services and IPC measures in the delivery room (Figure 91). Essential WASH services and IPC measures are often lacking in delivery rooms FIGURE 91 Proportion of health care facilities with observed WASH and related IPC in the delivery room, Service Provision Assessments (2013–17) (%) 78 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEXES 79 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES 80 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 1 | JMP methods 72 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, JMP Methodology: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-methodology-2017-update>. 73 For further details see: World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. Since it was established in 1990, the JMP has been instrumental in developing norms and standards to benchmark and compare progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene across countries and regularly convenes expert groups to provide technical advice on methodological issues. The JMP uses a linear regression model to generate estimates for all years within the reference period, rather than simply referring to a single data source. The methodology used to produce estimates for WASH in health care facilities builds on established methods developed by the JMP for monitoring WASH services in households72 and schools. Identification of national data sources All data used to produce estimates come from national data sources. In preparation for this report, the JMP identified over 500 potential sources of data. In some cases data could not be used because they were not nationally representative, they did not include relevant WASH information, they were too old (only data from 2000 onwards were collected) or a comprehensive report or microdata file could not be located. In total, WASH information was extracted from 260 data sources from 125 countries (Figure 1-1). Data extraction and classification Data were extracted from these data sources and matched to global indicators related to the service ladders for water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management, and environmental cleaning. Data were fairly evenly spread between the water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management service areas, with approximately 200 data sources for each area, but sparse for environmental cleaning, with only 21 data sources (Figure 1-2). Some data sources could not be used for producing estimates, for various reasons including: • Communication from national authorities that the data were not considered reliable or appropriate for use • The classification of the data was based on a few generic categories which were not aligned with JMP categories • Data were not representative of the target class of health care facilities (national, hospital, non-hospital, government, non-government, urban or rural) • Data were representative but the number of health care facilities assessed was too small. Data were excluded when less than 50 health care facilities were assessed, except for small countries in which case data were excluded if less than 30% of the total number of health care facilities were assessed. • Data were markedly different from other data points from a similar timeframe In total, 217 of the 260 data sources were used for at least some WASH indicators (Figure 1-2). The number of facilities assessed in these data sources ranged from one to nearly 100 000. In total, the 260 data sources drew upon 560 000 health care facilities, and the 217 data sources used for estimations drew upon 550 000 health care facilities (Figure 1-3). In some cases the same health care facilities may have been assessed multiple times in different years. The JMP classifies water and sanitation facilities into improved and unimproved types. Improved water sources are those which by nature of their design and construction have the potential to deliver safe water, while improved sanitation facilities are those designed to hygienically separate human excreta from human contact.73 If data sources classified health care facilities as being located in urban or rural areas, those classifications were used without any changes. Likewise, if a facility was called any type of ‘hospital’ it was classified as such during data extraction. In some data sources, facilities were classified as ‘government’ or ‘non- government’, or similar terms such as ‘public’ and 81 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES BOX 9 International facility assessment programmes Most assessments of health care facilities are led by national authorities, typically the Ministry of Health or the National Statistical O™ce. A number of international programmes support such assessments and have produced data used in this report. Some of the largest programmes are: • The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) programme, supported by the World Health Organization. • The Service Provision Assessment (SPA) programme, supported by the United States Agency for International Development through the Demographic and Health Surveys programme. • The Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) initiative, supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation with technical support from the Johns Hopkins University. • The Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (EMONC) surveys have been conducted in a number of countries, often with technical support from Columbia University’s Adverting Maternal Death and Disability programme. • The Pacific Hazardous Waste Management Project (PHWMP) conducted a baseline study in 14 Pacific Island Countries in 2014, under the leadership of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme with support from ENVIRON Australia and the European Commission. • The Service Delivery Indicators (SDI) project focuses on collecting data from primary schools and frontline health facilities, with support from the World Bank. • World Vision is a global relief, development and advocacy organization that works in nearly 100 countries around the world. It has partnered with the Water Institute at the University of North Carolina to conduct a WASH programme evaluation, including assessments of conditions in schools and health care facilities in rural areas. Together, these seven programmes supported more than half (153) of the health care facility assessments that this report draws upon. More than 100 additional data sources were identified during JMP country consultations. Relatively few countries provided data drawing on administrative sources such as routine data collection through health management information systems. National data sources available and used in the JMP 2019 report FIGURE 1–2 National data sources used (dark colours) and identified but not used (light colours) in the JMP 2019 report on WASH in health care facilities Seven international programmes accounted for half of the data sources used in this report FIGURE 1–1 Sources of data used in the 2019 global baseline report 82 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ‘private’. If the data source did not disaggregate by managing authority, in some cases the entire data source could be assigned to either government or non- government categories. If data were available from different wards or areas in a facility, data from the general consultation or outpatient department areas were given priority for extraction. If data from general consultation areas and outpatient departments were not available, the availability of the WASH service in any of the other available locations was recorded for use in calculating global indicators. Country estimates The JMP WASH in health care facilities country files contain a complete list of data sources available for each year since 2000 and show how national data correspond to the international standard classifications used for global monitoring. The JMP uses a simple linear regression to generate estimates from all of the available data points. Regressions are made separately for each of the classes of health care facilities (national, hospital, non-hospital, government, non-government, urban or rural). Trends are calculated if there are two or more data points available spanning at least four years. If the data points span less than four years then an average is used. Regressions are extrapolated two years after the last data point, and two years before the first data point. The earliest and latest estimates from the regression are then extended for an additional four years. For example, if the last data point was from 2008, estimates could be made for the years 2009–14 but not for 2015 or 2016 (see the example on hand hygiene facilities at points of care in Figure 1-4). The basic services indicators are all composite indicators, drawing on two or more sub-indicators. Data on different sub-indicators may come from different data sources, so it is not always possible to combine the different sub-indicators at the level of an individual health care facility. Accordingly, the JMP combines the sub-indicators by taking the minimum of each available sub-indicator for any given year. The basic sanitation indicator comprises a large number of sub-indicators. To make the most use of the available data, for this report the JMP has produced estimates of basic sanitation services when data are available on improved and usable toilets, and at least two of the remaining four elements (staff, sex-separated, menstrual hygiene, and limited mobility). In the sanitation example in Figure 1-4, data are available for improved and usable toilets, as well as for limited mobility, but this is not enough to produce estimates for basic services. Regional and global estimates Regional estimates are made by summing up country estimates for each of the classes of health care facilities. Ideally, estimates from each country should Number of health care facilities assessed in national data sources FIGURE 1–3 Number of health care facilities assessed with data used (dark colours) and identified but not used (light colours) in the JMP 2019 report on WASH in health care facilities 83 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES The JMP uses linear regressions to derive estimates from available data points FIGURE 1–4 Examples of linear regressions producing estimates for WASH services be weighted by the total number of health care facilities in that class for the country. However, complete statistics on the number of each class of health care facility are not available for all countries. Accordingly, for this report the JMP has used national, urban or rural population to weight estimates from individual countries, using the most recent data from the UN Population Division. National populations were taken from the World Population Prospects 2017 revision, while the proportion of population living in rural areas was taken from the World Urbanization Prospects 2018 revision. Regional estimates are made when data are available from countries with a combined population of at least 30% of the total regional population. Figure 1-5 shows the proportion of the population in each region and globally for which data were available. The lighter colours indicate indicators with less than 30% data coverage, for which no regional estimates were made. Medium colours indicate that countries representing 30-50% of the population had data, and estimates were made but should be interpreted with caution. Estimates are more robust when they are based on at least 50% of the population from the region (darker colours). Global estimates are also only made when there are data for countries representing at least 30% of the global population. However, to prevent a few large countries having a disproportionate influence on the estimates, especially when many countries still lack estimates, global estimates are calculated by first creating regional estimates for all SDG regions, even if the region has less than 30% data coverage, and then making a weighted average from the regional estimates. Country consultation Preliminary estimates were produced and sent to countries for a formal period of consultation and review at the beginning of November 2018. Countries were requested to provide technical feedback by the end of December 2018. In some cases, extensions were requested and made until mid-January. WHO and UNICEF endeavoured to consult with all countries and to respond to the feedback and queries received, especially where JMP definitions or methods differed from those used by national stakeholders. 84 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES Accessing the data Country, regional and global estimates for the main indicators are provided in Annexes 3 and 4 of this report, for the most recent year available. These data can also be accessed on the JMP website <https://washdata.org> which provides estimates for all available years since 2000. The website includes additional estimates for sub-indicators which contribute to the basic service levels, as well Data coverage for many regions and classes of health care facilities is low FIGURE 1-5 Data coverage for different classes of health care facilities, by region (%) <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% 85 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES as for additional regional groupings not included in the printed report. The website allows users to create, download and share a variety of customized charts, tables and maps. Users can also download all of the individual JMP country files which list the national data sources currently available in the global database and show how these have been used to generate internationally comparable estimates for WASH in health care facilities. Data coverage for many regions and classes of health care facilities is low FIGURE 1-5 Data coverage for different classes of health care facilities, by region (%) <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% Sustainable Development Goals: Regional Groupings Central Asia and Southern Asia Northern America and Europe Western Asia†and Northern Africa Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand Latin America and the Caribbean Australia and New Zealand Sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia  AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: Australia, New Zealand.  CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.  EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, China (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region), China (Macao Special Administrative Region), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam.  LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: REGIONAL GROUPINGS Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).  EUROPE AND NORTHERN AMERICA: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Channel Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. ANNEX 2 | Regional groupings 86 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES Sustainable Development Goals: Regional Groupings Central Asia and Southern Asia Northern America and Europe Western Asia†and Northern Africa Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand Latin America and the Caribbean Australia and New Zealand Sub-Saharan Africa Eastern Asia and South-eastern Asia  NORTHERN AFRICA AND WESTERN ASIA: Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, West Bank and Gaza Strip, Western Sahara, Yemen.  OCEANIA (EXCLUDING AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND): American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands.  SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS LANDLOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (LLDCS) Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, North Macedonia, Paraguay, Republic of Moldova, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe. LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES (LDCS) Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia. SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES (SIDS) American Samoa, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), British Virgin Islands, Cabo Verde, Cayman Islands, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Fiji, French Polynesia, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kiribati, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Micronesia (Federated States of), Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Singapore, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Solomon Islands, Suriname, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, United States Virgin Islands, Vanuatu.  AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: Australia, New Zealand.  CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.  EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, China (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region), China (Macao Special Administrative Region), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam.  LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Caribbean Netherlands), Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: REGIONAL GROUPINGS Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).  EUROPE AND NORTHERN AMERICA: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Channel Islands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. ANNEX 2 | Regional groupings 87 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 3 0 100 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Bangladesh 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Benin 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Benin 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Burkina Faso 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Chad 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - China 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Congo 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Ethiopia 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Gambia 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Ghana 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Haiti 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Indonesia 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Kenya 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 88 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 3 0 100 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Bangladesh 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Benin 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Benin 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Burkina Faso 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Chad 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - China 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Congo 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Eswatini 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Ethiopia 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Gambia 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Ghana 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Guyana 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Haiti 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Indonesia 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Kenya 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 89 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Lesotho 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Malawi 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Maldives 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Mauritania 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Myanmar 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Nicaragua 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nicaragua 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Niger 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Nigeria 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Peru 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Senegal 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Solomon Islands 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Somalia 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 South Africa 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates 90 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Lesotho 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Malawi 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Maldives 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Mauritania 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Myanmar 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Nicaragua 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nicaragua 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Niger 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Nigeria 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Peru 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Republic of Moldova 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Senegal 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Solomon Islands 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Somalia 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 South Africa 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - South Africa 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 91 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Sri Lanka 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Togo 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Uganda 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Zambia 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Zimbabwe 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates 92 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Sri Lanka 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Togo 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Uganda 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Zambia 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Zimbabwe 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 ANNEX 3.1 | National water estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 93 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Bangladesh 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Barbados 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Barbados 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Benin 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Chad 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Colombia 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Colombia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Comoros 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Congo 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Ethiopia 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Ghana 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Haiti 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 94 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Armenia 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Bangladesh 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Barbados 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Barbados 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Benin 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Chad 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Colombia 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Colombia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Comoros 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Congo 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Djibouti 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Eritrea 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Eritrea 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Ethiopia 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Ghana 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Haiti 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 95 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Honduras 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - India 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Indonesia 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Kenya 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Lesotho 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Malawi 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Maldives 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Mauritania 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Montenegro 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Myanmar 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Niger 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Nigeria 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - 96 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Honduras 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - India 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Indonesia 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Kenya 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Lesotho 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Malawi 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Maldives 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Mauritania 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Montenegro 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Mozambique 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Myanmar 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Niger 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Nigeria 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 97 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Senegal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Somalia 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Sri Lanka 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Togo 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Uganda 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Zambia 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Zimbabwe 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 98 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.2 | National sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Lucia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Senegal 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Somalia 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Sri Lanka 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Togo 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Uganda 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Zambia 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Zimbabwe 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 99 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Bangladesh 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Benin 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Chad 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Congo 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Djibouti 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Ethiopia 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Ghana 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Haiti 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 100 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Bangladesh 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Benin 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Benin 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Burkina Faso 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Burundi 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Cameroon 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Chad 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Chad 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - China 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Congo 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Djibouti 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Djibouti 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Egypt 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Ethiopia 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Ghana 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Haiti 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 101 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Indonesia 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Kenya 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Malawi 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Maldives 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Mauritania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Mozambique 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Myanmar 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Niger 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Nigeria 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - 102 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Indonesia 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Kenya 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Kenya 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Malawi 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Maldives 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Mauritania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mozambique 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Mozambique 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Myanmar 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Namibia 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Nicaragua 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Nicaragua 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Niger 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Niger 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Nigeria 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Rwanda 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Rwanda 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 103 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Senegal 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Somalia 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Sri Lanka 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Uganda 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Zambia 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Zimbabwe 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates 104 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Senegal 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Somalia 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Sri Lanka 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Togo 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Uganda 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 Zambia 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Zambia 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Zimbabwe 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - ANNEX 3.3 | National hygiene estimates Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 105 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Bangladesh 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Benin 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Benin 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Burkina Faso 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Chad 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Congo 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Cook Islands 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cook Islands 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Djibouti 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Djibouti 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Ecuador 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Ecuador 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Egypt 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Ethiopia 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Ghana 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Haiti 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Indonesia 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 106 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Afghanistan 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Afghanistan 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Andorra 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Andorra 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Antigua and Barbuda 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Armenia 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Armenia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bangladesh 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Bangladesh 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Benin 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Benin 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Bhutan 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bhutan 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Brazil 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Burkina Faso 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Burkina Faso 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Burundi 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Burundi 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Cambodia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Chad 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Chad 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Comoros 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Comoros 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Congo 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Congo 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Cook Islands 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cook Islands 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Côte d'Ivoire 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Czech Republic 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Djibouti 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Djibouti 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Ecuador 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Ecuador 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Egypt 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Egypt 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Estonia 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Estonia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ethiopia 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Ethiopia 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Gambia 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Gambia 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Ghana 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Ghana 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Grenada 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Grenada 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Guinea-Bissau 2016 1 816 43 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Guinea-Bissau 2016 - - - - - 7 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Haiti 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Haiti 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Honduras 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Honduras 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Indonesia 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Indonesia 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 107 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Kenya 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Kenya 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 Kiribati 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kiribati 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Lesotho 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Malawi 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Maldives 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Mauritania 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Myanmar 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Namibia 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Nauru 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Nauru 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Niger 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Niger 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Nigeria 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Niue 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niue 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 108 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Kenya 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Kenya 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 Kiribati 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kiribati 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kuwait 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Kuwait 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kyrgyzstan 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Lao People's Democratic Republic 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Lebanon 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lesotho 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Lesotho 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Libya 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Madagascar 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Malawi 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Malawi 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Maldives 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Mali 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marshall Islands 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mauritania 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Mauritania 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Micronesia (Federated States of) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mongolia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Myanmar 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Myanmar 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Namibia 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Namibia 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Nauru 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Nauru 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Nepal 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Niger 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Niger 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Nigeria 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Nigeria 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Niue 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Niue 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Palau 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Papua New Guinea 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Paraguay 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Peru 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Peru 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Philippines 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Philippines 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Rwanda 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 109 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Senegal 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Solomon Islands 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Somalia 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Sri Lanka 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Tonga 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tonga 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Uganda 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 Vanuatu 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Vanuatu 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Yemen 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Yemen 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Zambia 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Zimbabwe 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 110 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.4 | National waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Saint Kitts and Nevis 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Senegal 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Senegal 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Serbia 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Serbia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Seychelles 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sierra Leone 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Sierra Leone 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Solomon Islands 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Solomon Islands 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Somalia 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Somalia 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 South Sudan 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - South Sudan 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Sri Lanka 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Sri Lanka 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Tajikistan 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Tajikistan 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Timor-Leste 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Togo 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Togo 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Tonga 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tonga 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Trinidad and Tobago 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tuvalu 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uganda 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Uganda 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 United Republic of Tanzania 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 Vanuatu 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Vanuatu 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Viet Nam 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - West Bank and Gaza Strip 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Yemen 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Yemen 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Zambia 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Zambia 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Zimbabwe 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Zimbabwe 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed of sa fe ly ) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (w as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 111 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 3.5 | National environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Maldives 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 112 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 3.5 | National environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Azerbaijan 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Azerbaijan 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - China 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - India 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - India 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Liberia 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lithuania 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Maldives 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Maldives 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Montenegro 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - San Marino 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - San Marino 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Tunisia 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Tunisia 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. NA = not applicable. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd /o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 113 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.1 | Regional and global water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es REGION Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Least Developed Countries 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - WORLD 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 114 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.1 | Regional and global water estimates WATER NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es REGION Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Least Developed Countries 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - WORLD 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (u ni m pr ov ed o r n o fa ci lit y) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 115 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.2 | Regional and global sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le REGION Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Central and Southern Asia 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Least Developed Countries 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - WORLD 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 116 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.2 | Regional and global sanitation estimates SANITATION NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le REGION Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Central and Southern Asia 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Least Developed Countries 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - WORLD 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd a da pt ed fo r l im ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 117 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.3 | Regional and global hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts REGION Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 118 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.3 | Regional and global hygiene estimates HYGIENE NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts REGION Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 119 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.4 | Regional and global waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d REGION Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Least Developed Countries 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 120 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.4 | Regional and global waste management estimates WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d REGION Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Least Developed Countries 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 121 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES ANNEX 4.5 | Regional and global environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng REGION Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. 122 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S A N N EX ES ANNEX 4.5 | Regional and global environmental cleaning estimates ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING NATIONAL URBAN RURAL HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT REGION Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng REGION Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng SDG REGIONS SDG REGIONS Australia and New Zealand 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Australia and New Zealand 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Central and Southern Asia 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Europe and Northern America 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Latin America and the Caribbean 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Northern Africa and Western Asia 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oceania 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sub-Saharan Africa 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS OTHER REGIONAL GROUPINGS Least Developed Countries 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Least Developed Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Landlocked Developing Countries 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Island Developing States 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WORLD 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = no estimate. For unrounded estimates see www.washdata.org. Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (c le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (n o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 123 G LO BA L BA SELIN E REPO RT 2019 A N N EXES 124 W A SH I N H EA LT H C A RE F AC IL IT IE S For information on the practical steps countries can take to improve WASH in health care facilities, refer to the companion document by WHO and UNICEF. www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wash-in-health-care-facilities/en

JMP website: washdata.org In 2016: • 38 countries and three of the eight SDG regions had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic water services in health care facilities. • 74% of health care facilities globally had basic water services, meaning water was available from an improved source on the premises. • 12% of health care facilities globally had no water service, meaning they either used water from an improved source more than 500 metres from the premises or an unimproved source, or had no water source at all. • 4% of hospitals and 11% of other health care facilities had no water service. • 896 million people globally had no water service at their health care facility. In 2016: • 18 countries and only one SDG region had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic sanitation services in health care facilities. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 23% of health care facilities had basic services. • 21% of health care facilities globally had no sanitation service, meaning they had unimproved toilets or no toilets at all. • 9% of hospitals and 20% of other health care facilities had no sanitation service. • More than 1.5 billion people globally had no sanitation service at their health care facility. In 2016: • 14 countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic hygiene services in health care facilities, meaning that functional hand hygiene facilities were available both at points of care, and at toilets. • One out of six health care facilities (16%) had no hygiene service, meaning they lacked hand hygiene facilities at points of care, as well as soap and water at toilets. • Relatively few countries had data on the availability of handwashing facilities at toilets but more data were available on hand hygiene facilities at points of care. • 58% of health care facilities globally had hand hygiene facilities at points of care. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 84% of hospitals had hand hygiene facilities at points of care, compared to 64% of other health care facilities. In 2016: • 48 countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic waste management services in health care facilities. • 27% of health care facilities in Least Developed Countries had basic health care waste management services. • 40% of health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa had basic health care waste management services. • 60% of health care facilities had systems for segregating waste. • In sub-Saharan Africa, 60% of hospitals and 38% of other health care facilities had basic waste management services. Seven out of ten government health care facilities (71%) and half of non-government health care facilities (55%) safely segregated waste. In 2016: • Only four countries had su¦cient data to estimate coverage of basic environmental cleaning services in health care facilities. • There were not enough countries with basic estimates to calculate regional global coverage of basic environmental cleaning services. W AT ER SA N IT AT IO N H YG IE N E W AS TE M AN AG EM EN T EN VI RO N M EN TA L C LE AN IN G

المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقرير البيانات الأساسية العالمي لعام 9102 [9102 troper enilesab labolg :seitilicaf erac htlaeh ni HSAW] المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقرير البيانات الأساسية العالمي لعام 9102 9-055156-4-29-879 NBSI © منظمة الصحة العالمية و منظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف) 9102. هذا التقرير يب�ي ف النشطة المش�ت كة لمنظمة الصحة العالمية و منظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف) بعض الحقوق محفوظة. هذا المصنف متاح بمقت�ف ترخيص المشاع الإ بداعي “نسب المصنف – غ�ي تجاري – المشاركة بالمثل 0.3 لفائدة المنظمات الحكومية الدولية” (/ogi/0.3/as-cn-yb/sesnecil/gro.snommocevitaerc//:sptth;OGI 0.3 AS-CN-YB CC). وبمقت�ف هذا ال�ت خيص يجوز أن تنسخوا المصنف وتعيدوا توزيعه وتحوروه للاأغراض غ�ي التجارية، وذلك �ش يطة أن يتم اقتباس المصنف على النحو الملائم كما هو شعار المنظمة (OHW) او شعار اليونيسيف وإذا قمتم بتعديل المصنف فيجب عندئٍذ أن تحصلوا على ترخيص لمصنفكم بمقت�ف نفس ترخيص المشاع الإ بداعي مب�ي ف أدناه. ول ينبغي �ف ي أي استخدام لهذا المصنف الإ يحاء بأن المنظمة (OHW) و اليونيسيف تعتمدان أي منظمة أو منتجات أو خدمات محددة. ول يُسمح باستخدام ليست من إعداد منظمة الصحة العالمية (المنظمة (OHW)) أو منظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف). المنظمة (OHW) و اليونيسيف غ�ي مسؤولة عن محتوى ((ecnecil snommoC evitaerC أو ترخيص يعادله. وإذا قمتم ب�ت جمة المصنف فينبغي أن تدرجوا بيان إخلاء المسؤولية التالي مع القتباس المق�ت ح: “هذه ال�ت جمة هذه ال�ت جمة أو دقتها. ويجب أن يكون إصدار الأصل الإ نكل�ي ف ي هو الإصدار الملزم وذو الحجية.” (selur/noitaidem/ne/cma/tni.opiw.www//:ptth).ويجب أن تتم أية وساطة فيما يتعلق بالمنازعات ال�ت ي تنشأ �ف ي إطار هذا ال�ت خيص وفقا ًلقواعد الوساطة للمنظمة العالمية للملكية الفكرية [9102 troper enilesab labolg :seitilicaf erac htlaeh ni HSAW]القتباس المق�ت ح. المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقرير البيانات: الأساسية العالمي لعام 9102 جنيف: منظمة الصحة العالمية و منظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف): 9102. ال�ت خيص OGI 0.3 AS-CN-YB CC بيانات الفهرسة أثناء الن�ش . بيانات الفهرسة أثناء الن�ش متاحة �ف ي الرابط /siri/tni.ohw.sppa//:ptth. المبيعات والحقوق وال�ت خيص. ل�ش اء مطبوعات المنظمة (OHW) انظر الرابط sredrokoob/tni.ohw.sppa//:ptth. ولتقديم طلبات الستخدام التجاري والستفسارات الخاصة بالحقوق وال�ت خيص انظر الرابط gnisnecil/tuoba/tni.ohw.www//:ptth. مسؤولية تحديد ما إذا كان يلزم الحصول على إذن لإ عادة الستخدام هذه أم ل، وعن الحصول على الإ ذن من صاحب حقوق المؤلف. ويتحمل المستخدم وحده أية مواد الطرف الثالث. إذا كنتم ترغبون �ف ي إعادة استخدام مواد واردة �ف ي هذا المصنف ومنسوبة إل طرف ثالث، مثل الجداول أو الأشكال أو الصور فإنكم تتحملون مخاطر لحدوث مطالبات نتيجة انتهاك أي عنصر يملكه طرف ثالث �ف ي المصنف. الصور الفوتوغرافية الخاصة بمنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسف) ومنظمة الصحة العالمية. الحقوق محفوظة للصور الفوتوغرافية الخاصة بمنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسف) ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ول يجوز إعادة إنتاجها بأي وسيلة بدون الحصول على إذن خّطي ُمسبق. ويجوز أن يُمنح الأذن بالستخدام لمرّة صول �ف ي سجل محفوظات. تُوّجه الطلبات للحصول على إذٍن بإعادة إنتاج الصور الفوتوغرافية المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسف) ومنظمة الصحة العالمية �ف ي أي سياق تجاري؛ ول يجوز تحوير المحتوى رقميا ًلتغي�ي المع�ف أو السياق؛ ول يجوز لأي كيان غ�ي تابع لمنظمة واحدة �ف ي سياٍق يمّثل بدّقة الوضع والهوية الحقيقيت�ي ف لجميع الأشخاص الذين تعرضهم تلك الصور. ول يجوز استخدام الصور الفوتوغرافية الخاصة بمنظمة الأمم الصحة العالمية او لمنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسف) حفظ الأ الخاصة باليونيسف إل noitacinummoC fo noisiviD ,FECINU, 3 kroY weN ,azalP snoitaN detinU 71001, ASU ne/mrof_thgirypoc/gnisnecil/tuoba/tni.ohw.www//:ptth (ال�ب يد الإ لك�ت و�ف ي : gro.fecinu@timrep.codqhyn). تُوّجه الطلبات للحصول على إذٍن بإعادة إنتاج الصور الفوتوغرافية الخاصة بمنظمة الصحة العالمية إل : 1P ;diAretaW/doowneerG moT :vP: 7P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK: 11P ;yksvonilaK yrtimD/kcotsrettuhS: 21P ;vokloV .S/OHW: 41P ;PSCM/tloH etaK: /segamIytteG 71P ;yhpargotohPevitaerCylpmiS: 81P ;nosiaM euqinimoD: 91P ;OHW/issorG anitnelaV: 12P ;eknheB ikkiN: 32P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK: ;OHW/retyaH allebarA 42P: 62P ;OHW/notsnhoJ kciR: 82P ;gnisanahtaW tararahkA/segamIytteG: 13P ;civokteP nasuD/segamIytteG: 93P ;vosakrehC.N yerdnA/segamIytteG: /segamIytteG 04P ;ssarttaN: 44P ;PSCM/iuqiddiS neebuM: 74P ;OHW/notsnhoJ kciR: 84P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK: 45P ;ffolknaD druuR/segamIytteG: ;OHW/retyaH allebarA 55P: 85P ;arretsilpE/segamIytteG: 06P ;llignaeJ/segamIytteG: 26P ;yksvonilaK yrtimD/segamIytteG: 56P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK: 66P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK: 96P ;nahtanawhsiV/FECINU: 37P ;malsI rinoM/ORAES/OHW: 87P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK–97: 88P ;PSCM/iksuamsaK neraK–39, 411–511: ;mlliriK/segamIytteG 49P–99, 611–711: 001P ;ezdooG/segamIytteG–501, 811P–911: 601P ;rpaY sM/segamIytteG–111, 021–121: 211P ;namkroW eiluJ/segamIytteG–311, 221–321: yksvonilaK yrtimD/segamIytteG. خطوطا ًحدودية تقريبية قد ل يوجد بعد اتفاق كامل بشأنها.اليونيسيف بشأن الوضع القانو�ف ي لأي بلد أو أرض أو مدينة أو منطقة أو لسلطات أي منها أو بشأن تحديد حدودها أو تخومها. وتشكل الخطوط المنقوطة على الخرائط بيانات عامة لإخلاء المسؤولية. التسميات المستعملة �ف ي هذا المطبوع، وطريقة عرض المواد الواردة فيه، ل تع�ب ضمنا ًعن أي رأي كان من جانب المنظمة (OHW) و حرف الستهلالية (�ف ي النص الإ نكل�ي ف ي).كما أن ذكر �ش كات محددة أو منتجات جهات صانعة معينة ل يع�ف ي أن هذه ال�ش كات والمنتجات معتمدة أو موصى بها من جانب المنظمة (OHW) و اليونيسيف تفضيلا ً لها على سواها مما يماثلها �ف ي الطابع ولم يرد ذكره. وفيما عدا الخطأ والسهو، تم�ي ف أسماء المنتجات المسجلة الملكية بالأ رقام الواردة �ف ي هذا التقرير هي أرقام تقديرية وضعها برنامج الرّصد المش�ت ك ب�ي ف منظمة الصحة العالمية ومنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسف) لإ مدادات إّن الأ الإ قليم المع�ف ي .، ال�ت ي قد يُستخدم فيها أساليب بديلة.المياہ والمرافق الصحية والنظافة الصحية (gro.atadhsaw.www) لضمان التواُفق؛ وبالتالي فهي ليست بالصرف ورة الإحصاءات الرسمية، الصادرة عن البلد أو المنطقة أو صرف ار ال�ت ي قد ت�ت تب على استعمالها.ضمان من أي نوع، سواء أكان بشكل صريح أم بشكل ضم�ف ي . والقارئ هو المسؤول عن تفس�ي واستعمال المواد. والمنظمة (OHW) و اليونيسيف ليست مسؤولة بأي حال وقد اتخذت كل من المنظمة (OHW) و اليونيسيف كل الحتياطات المعقولة للتحقق من المعلومات الواردة �ف ي هذا المطبوع. ومع ذلك فإن المواد المنشورة تُوزع دون أي عن الأ ُطبع بواسطة خدمات إنتاج الوثائق التابعة لمنظمة الصحة العالمية �ف ي جنيف بسوي�ا kramneD ,S/A diA ngiseD xineohP yb noitcudorp dna tuoyal ,ngiseD .eleetS drahciR yb detidE dnalreztiwS ni detnirP المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقرير البيانات الأساسية العالمي لعام 9102 ii صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا تمهيد تمهيد ل يذهب أحد إل المستشفى لكي يُصاب بمرض. فنحن نذهب إل هناك للعلاج أو الولدة أو التطعيم. بيد أن مئات الملاي�ي ف من الناس يتعرضون لخطر م�ت ف ايد للاإ صابة بعدوى لدى التماسهم الرعاية �ف ي مرافق صحية ساسية، بما �ف ي ذلك خدمات المياہ والإصحاح تفتقر إل الصرف وريات الأ والنظافة العامة والخدمات الخاصة بنفايات الرعاية الصحية وخدمات التنظيف. ول يؤدي الفتقار إل خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية إل تقويض سلامة المرصىف وكرامتهم فحسب، وإنما ينطوي على تفاقم انتشار العدوى المقاومة لمضادات الميكروبات وتقويض الجهود الرامية إل تحس�ي ف صحة الأطفال والأمهات. وتش�ي الأرقام الحديثة المستمدة من برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك ب�ي ف منظمة الصحة العالمية (المنظمة) واليونيسيف لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة (برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك) إل أن خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية تِقل عن المستوى المعياري �ف ي جميع الأقاليم. وطبقا ًللتقديرات، يستخدم 698 مليون شخص مرافق رعاية صحية ل تتوافر بها المياہ، ويستخدم 5.1 مليار شخص المرافق دون خدمات إصحاح. ومن المرجح أن يكون هناك عدداً أك�ب من الأشخاص يستخدمون مرافق رعاية صحية تفتقر إل مرافق النظافة العامة والإ دارة الآمنة للنفايات. وتزيد درجة ترجيح أن تكون خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة متوافرة �ف ي المستشفيات أك�ش من توافرها �ف ي غ�ي ها من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، و�ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية أك�ش من المناطق الريفية. وقد أكدت أهداف التنمية المستدامة مجددا ًعلى حصول الجميع على التغطية الصحية الشاملة بما �ف ي ذلك إتاحة خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وهي تُجسِّ د أيضا ًتحول ً�ف ي التفك�ي يع�ت ف بأهمية الرعاية الصحية الجيدة واتّباع نهج متكامل محوره الإ نسان، ويحسن تجربة الحصول على الرعاية. وتعد المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ش طا ًصرف وريا ًلتحقيق جودة من �ف ي الولدة. ول غ�ف الرعاية، ولها أهميتها الخاصة �ف ي التدب�ي العلاجي الآ عنها �ف ي تحقيق حملة اليونيسيف "الحياة لكل طفل" والأهداف "المليارية الثلاثية" الواردة �ف ي برنامج العمل العام الثالث ع�ش الذي أطلقته المنظمة ومع ال�ت ك�ي ف مجدداً على خدمات الرعاية الصحية الأولية الآمنة والجيدة من خلال إعلان أستانا، أُتيحت الفرصة على نحو لم يسبق أن كان بهذا المستوى العظيم لتوف�ي الخدمات الأساسية ومنها المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. و�ف ي آذار/ مارس 8102، أطلق الأم�ي ف العام للاأمم المتحدة دعوة عالمية لتعزيز القيادة والمساءلة بشأن توف�ي خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية، مع التأكيد على التكلفة العالية الم�ت تبة على التقاعس عن ذلك. ومنذ ذلك الح�ي ف ، وضعت منظمتانا مجموعة من الغايات العالمية ال�ت ي تستهدف تحقيق تعميم خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، ولأول مرة، جعل التقديرات العالمية متاحة من خلال برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياة وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وتوفِّ ر تلك البيانات أساسا ًمتينا ًلتحديد الأولويات وضخ الستثمارات وتتّبع التقدم المحرز �ف ي مجال المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وبدعم من أك�ش من 53 من ال�ش كاء، تتشارك المنظمة واليونيسيف أيضا ً�ف ي توجيه تنفيذ خريطة طريق عالمية مستندة إل مبادرات بقيادة ُقطرية. وقد ُحدِّ دت ثما�ف ي خطوات عملية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية وهي مبينة وموضحة �ف ي دراسات الحالت. وتشمل تلك الخطوات إجراءات من قبيل وضع خرائط طريق وطنية وتحديد الغايات وتحس�ي ف البنية التحتية والصيانة وإ�ش اك المجتمعات المحلية. وضمان الإ تاحة الشاملة للمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية مشكلة قابلة للحل، كما أن الستثمار فيها يحقق عائدا.ً ونحن مل�ت فمون بدعم هذه الجهود عن طريق العمل مع الحكومات وال�ش كاء من أجل تقديم خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الجيدة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية وتحس�ي ف رصدها وتوسيع قاعدة المعارف الخاصة بها. ونسعى إل الحصول على دعم جميع ال�ش كاء �ف ي هذه المهمة الحيوية. الدكتور تيدروس أدحانوم غي�ب يسوس المدير العام لمنظمة الصحة العالمية ه�ن ييتا فور المديرة التنفيذية لمنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة iii 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت يد مه ت vi صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ت المحتويا المحتويات أبرز المعالم 2 المياہ 3 الإصحاح 4 النظافة العامة 5 إدارة النفايات 6 تنظيف البيئة 7 مؤشرات إضافية للرصد الموسع 8 المقدمة 01 المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والصحة في خطة التنمية المستدامة لعام 0302 01 رصد المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 11 خدمات المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 41 خدمات المياہ الأساسية 61 مؤشرات إضافية لرصد المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 22 خدمات الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 62 خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية 82 مؤشرات إضافية لرصد الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 43 خدمات النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 83 خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية 04 مؤشرات إضافية لرصد النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 44 خدمات إدارة النفايات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 84 خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية 05 مؤشرات إضافية لرصد إدارة النفايات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 75 خدمات تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 06 خدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية 16 مؤشرات إضافية لرصد تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 26 أوجه عدم المساواة 66 نوع المرفق 07 السلطة القائمة على الإدارة 27 الموقع الجغرافي 47 الإتاحة الشاملة المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في المنزل وفي مرافق الرعاية الصحية 67 الملاحق 87 الملحق 1: أساليب برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة 08 الملحق 2: المجموعات الإقليمية 68 الملحق 3: التقديرات الوطنية 88 الملحق 4: التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية 411 v02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ت ويا حت لم ا 2صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن المياہ والإ أبرز المعالم أبرز المعالم 1 مصادر المياہ المحّسنة هي تلك ال�ت ي تسمح، بسبب طبيعة تصميمها وبنائها، بتوف�ي مياہ مأمونة. وهي تشمل المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب وُحفر الس�ب أو الآبار الأنبوبية والآبار المحفورة المحمية والينابيع المحمية ومياہ الأمطار والمياہ المعبأة أو المورَّدة. 2 مرافق الإصحاح المحّسنة هي تلك المصممة بحيث تحول بطريقة تحافظ على النظافة العامة دون التلامس ب�ي ف الفضلات الب�ش ية والب�ش . وهي تشمل تكنولوجيات الإصحاح الرطب – مثل المراحيض ال�ت ي تُغسل أو تُنظف بسكب المياہ الموصولة بشبكة صرف صحي أو صهاريج التعف�ي ف أو المراحيض المحفورة – وتكنولوجيات الإصحاح الجاف - مثل المراحيض المحفورة الجافة المزودة ببلاطة والمراحيض السمادية. دأبت منظمة الصحة العالمية (المنظمة) ومنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف)، من خلال برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك ب�ي ف المنظمة واليونيسيف لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة، على إنتاج تحديثات منتظمة بشأن المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة منذ عام 0991. وهما، معا،ً مسؤولتان عن رصد الغايت�ي ف المندرجت�ي ف ضمن الهدف 3 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة وهما 6-1 و6-2 ودعم الرصد العالمي للغايات والمؤ�ش ات الأخرى ذات الصلة بأهداف التنمية المستدامة المتعلقة بالمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. ويتضمن هذا التقرير الأول الصادر عن برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية تصنيفات جديدة للخدمات الأساسية (الشكل 1). وهو يحدِّ د خطوط أساس تقديرية وطنية وإقليمية وعالمية تُسهم �ف ي الرصد العالمي لغايات أهداف التنمية المستدامة المتعلقة بحصول الجميع على خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة (الغايتان 6-1 و6-2) والتغطية الصحية الشاملة (الغاية 3-8) (الجدول 1). المياہ الإصحاح النظافة العامة إدارة النفايات تنظيف البيئة ُتتاح بروتوكولات أساسية بشأن التنظيف، وجرى تدريب جميع العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف. ُتفصل النفايات في ثلاث حاويات على الأقل وُتعاَلج النفايات الحادة والمعدية وُيَتخلَّ ص منها بطريقة مأمونة. مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين (مزودة بالماء والصابون و/ أو مطهر يدين كحولي) متاحة في نقاط الرعاية وعلى مسافة لا تتجاوز خمسة أمتار من المراحيض. مرافق إصحاح محّسنة2 صالحة للاستخدام، تشمل مرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل مخصصًا للعاملين، ومرحاضًا منفصًلا واحدًا على الأقل للنساء مزودًا بوسائل النظافة خلال فترة الطمث، ومرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل سهل الاستخدام للأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة. المياہ متاحة من مصدر محّسن1 موجود في المرفق.2 ية س سا الأ ة دم لخ ا توجد بروتوكولات بشأن التنظيف و/ أو جرى تدريب بعض العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف على الأقل. يجري فصل النفايات الحادة والمعدية والتخلص منها و/ أو معالجتها بدرجة محدودة، ولكن دون توافر جميع اشتراطات الخدمة الأساسية. ُتتاح مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين إما في نقاط الرعاية أو في المراحيض ولكن لا ُتتاح في كلتيهما. يتاح مرفق إصحاح محّسن واحد على الأقل، ولكن لا تتوافر فيه جميع اشتراطات الخدمة الأساسية. يوجد مصدر مياہ محّسن على ُبعد لا يتجاوز 005 متر من المرفق، ولكن لا تتوافر فيه جميع اشتراطات الخدمة الأساسية. دة دو مح ة دم خ لا ُتتاح بروتوكولات بشأن التنظيف ولم يجر تدريب أي من العاملين على التنظيف. لا توجد حاويات منفصلة للنفايات الحادة والمعدية، ولا تجري معالجة النفايات الحادة و/ أو النفايات المعدية والتخلص منها. لا ُتتاح مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين في نقاط الرعاية أو في المراحيض. مرافق المراحيض غير محّسنة (على سبيل المثال، مراحيض محفورة غير مزودة ببلاطة أو منّصة، مراحيض معّلقة، مراحيض دلائية) أو لا توجد مراحيض. ُتستمد المياہ من أبار محفورة أو ينابيع غير محمية، أو من مصادر مياہ سطحية؛ أو يوجد مصدر محّسن على ُبعد يتجاوز 005 متر من المرفق؛ أو لا يوجد مصدر مياہ. مة خد جد تو لا الشكل 1 تصنيف الخدمات طبقًا لبرنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية الغاياتالهدفان 6: ضمان توافر المياہ وخدمات الصرف الصحي (الإصحاح) للجميع وإدارتها إدارة مستدامة 6-1: تحقيق هدف حصول الجميع بشكل منصف على مياہ الشرب المأمونة والميسورة التكلفة بحلول عام 0302 6-2: تحقيق هدف حصول الجميع على خدمات الصرف الصحي والنظافة الصحية ووضع نهاية للتغوط في العراء، وإيلاء اهتمام خاص لاحتياجات النساء والفتيات ومن يعيشون في ظل أوضاع هشة، بحلول عام 0302 3: ضمان تمتع الجميع بأنماط عيش صحية وبالرفاهية في جميع الأعمار 3-8: تحقيق التغطية الصحية الشاملة، بما في ذلك الحماية من المخاطر المالية، وإمكانية الحصول على خدمات الرعاية الصحية الأساسية الجيدة وإمكانية حصول الجميع على الأدوية واللقاحات المأمونة والجّيدة والفعالة والميسورة التكلفة. الجدول 1 الهدفان والغايات العالمية المتعلقة بالمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 302 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت لم عا لم رز ا أب المياہ الرسائل الرئيسية في عام 6102: كان لدى 83 بلدًا وثلاث من مناطق أهداف التنمية . 1 المستدامة الثماني ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بخدمات المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. على الصعيد العالمي، كانت خدمات المياہ الأساسية . 2 متوافرة في 47٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يعني أن المياہ كانت متوافرة من مصدر محّسن موجود في المرفق. في أقل البلدان نموًا، كانت خدمات المياہ الأساسية متوافرة . 3 في 55٪ فقط من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. على الصعيد العالمي، كانت خدمات المياہ المحدودة . متوافرة في 41٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يعني أن مصدرًا محّسنًا كان متاحًا خارج المرفق أو أن المياہ لم تكن متوافرة وقت الاستقصاء. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن هناك خدمة مياہ في 21٪ من . 5 مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يعني أن المياہ كانت ُتستمد من مصدر محّسن يقع على ُبعد أكثر من 005 متر من المرفق أو من مصدر غير محّسن، أو أنه لم يكن هناك مصدر للمياہ على الإطلاق. تراوحت التغطية الإقليمية بخدمات المياہ الأساسية بين . 6 15٪ في منطقة أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى و78٪ في شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة المياہ متاحة في ٪ من . 7 المستشفيات و11٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة المياہ متاحة في 21٪ . 8 من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الحكومية و6٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير الحكومية على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة المياہ متاحة في 5٪ . من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في المناطق الحضرية و51٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في المناطق الريفية. على الصعيد العالمي، كان 6 8 مليون شخص محرومين . 01 من خدمة المياہ في مرفق رعايتهم الصحية. 001 08 06 0 02 7 21 1 البيانات غىر كافية صفر لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية العالم على الصعيد العالمي، كانت خدمات المياہ الأساسية متوافرة في 47٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 2 خدمات المياہ على الصعيد العالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 78 07 5515 6 56 015601 32 32 6322 81 21 62 32 2 3 001 08 06 0 02 مية النا ة غىر لص ة ا زري لج ل ا دو ال لية ساح ال غىر ية نام ن ال لدا الب موا ً ن ن لدا الب قل أ سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما لية شما ا ال ريك وأم وبا أور بها جنو ا و سي ط آ وس ندا زيل نيو ا و الي سىر ‰ أ يىىŠ كار وال نية لاتي ا ال ريك أم ى كىرŠ ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ سيا انو وقي أ قها سر • ب جنو ا و سي ق آ سر • صفر كان لدى ثلاث من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة الثماني تقديرات لخدمات المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 3 خدمة المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) في 61 بلدًا من أصل 96 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كانت خدمة المياہ غير متوافرة في أكثر من 02٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها خدمة المياہ، 6102 (٪) خدمة المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية المياہ متاحة من مصدر محّسن موجود في المرفق 4صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا أبرز المعالم الإصحاح الرسائل الرئيسية في عام 6102: كان لدى 81 بلدًا ومنطقة واحدة فقط من مناطق . 1 أهداف التنمية المستدامة ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. لم يكن هناك ما يكفي من البلدان ذات التقديرات . 2 الأساسية لحساب التغطية العالمية بخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى، كانت الخدمات . 3 الأساسية متوافرة في 32٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. كانت البيانات في أربع من مناطق أهداف التنمية . المستدامة الثماني غير كافية لعمل أي تقديرات للإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة . 5 في 12٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يعني أن المراحيض لم تكن محّسنة بها أو لم يكن بها مراحيض على الإطلاق. تراوحت نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها . 6 خدمات الإصحاح بين 5٪ في شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها و04٪ في وسط آسيا وجنوبها. كانت خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية متوافرة في مرافق . 7 الرعاية الصحية في 24٪ من البلدان النامية الساحلية. في أقل البلدان نموًا، لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة . 8 في 12٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة في 9٪ من . المستشفيات و02٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة في 61٪ من مرافق . 01 الرعاية الصحية الحكومية و63٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير الحكومية. كان 5.1 مليار شخص محرومين من خدمة المياہ في . 11 مرفق رعايتهم الصحية. 001 08 06 0 02 12 البيانات غىر كافية صفر لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية العالم على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة في مرفق واحد من كل خمسة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 5 خدمات الإصحاح على الصعيد العالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 32 2 2 5 0 12 1 2 23 8 001 08 06 0 02 0 مية النا ة غىر لص ة ا زري لج ل ا دو ال لية ساح ال غىر ية نام ن ال لدا الب موا ً ن ن لدا الب قل أ سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما يىى‚ كار وال نية لاتي ا ال ريك أم لية شما ا ال ريك وأم وبا أور ندا زيل نيو ا و الي سىر Š أ بها جنو ا و سي ط آ وس سيا انو وقي أ قها سر ‘ ب جنو ا و سي ق آ سر ‘ ى كىر‚ ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ كان لدى منطقة واحدة من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة تقديرات لخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 6 خدمة الإصحاح على الصعيد الإقليمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) في 82 بلدًا من أصل 66 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كانت خدمة الإصحاح غير متوافرة في أكثر من 01٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 7 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها خدمة الإصحاح، 6102 (٪) خدمة الإصحاح الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية مرافق الإصحاح المحّسنة الصالحة للاستخدام تشمل مرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل مخصصًا للعاملين، ومرحاضًا منفصًلا واحدًا على الأقل للنساء مزودًا بوسائل النظافة خلال فترة الطمث، ومرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل سهل الاستخدام للأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة 502 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت لم عا لم رز ا أب النظافة العامة الرسائل الرئيسية في عام 6102: كان لدى 41 بلدًا ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية . 1 بخدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يعني أن مرافق نظافة اليدين العاملة كانت متوافرة على السواء في نقاط الرعاية وفي المراحيض. لم يكن هناك ما يكفي من البلدان ذات التقديرات . 2 الأساسية لحساب التغطية العالمية بخدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. كانت البيانات في أربع من مناطق أهداف التنمية . 3 المستدامة الثماني غير كافية لعمل أي تقديرات للنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. كانت خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية متوافرة في مرفق . واحد من كل ثلاثة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية (63٪) في شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة النظافة العامة . 5 متوافرة في مرفق واحد من كل ستة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية (61٪)، بما يعني أن مرافق نظافة اليدين لم تكن متاحة في نقاط الرعاية، وكذلك الحال بالنسبة للماء والصابون في المراحيض. كان لدى عدد قليل نسبيًا من البلدان (61) بيانات عن . 6 توافر مرافق غسل اليدين في المراحيض، بيد أن مزيدًا من البيانات (من 55 بلدًا) كان متاحًا بشأن مرافق غسل اليدين في نقاط الرعاية. على الصعيد العالمي، كانت مرافق نظافة اليدين في نقاط . 7 الرعاية متاحة في 75٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى، كان لدى نصف مرافق . 8 الرعاية الصحية (15٪) مطهر يدين كحولي في نقاط الرعاية. في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى، كان لدى 48٪ من . المستشفيات مرافق لنظافة اليدين في نقاط الرعاية، مقارنًة بالنسبة المئوية الخاصة بسائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية وهي 46٪. ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 61 البيانات غىر كافية صفر لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية العالم على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة النظافة العامة متوافرة في مرفق واحد من كل ستة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 8 خدمات النظافة العامة على الصعيد العالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 63 6 5.0 2.0 2 6 2 001 08 06 0 02 مية النا ة غىر لص ة ا زري لج ل ا دو ال لية ساح ال غىر ية نام ن ال لدا الب موا ً ن ن لدا الب قل أ سيا انو وقي أ يىى كار وال نية لاتي ا ال ريك أم لية شما ا ال ريك وأم وبا أور ندا زيل نيو ا و الي سىر … ا بها جنو ا و سي ط آ وس ى كىر ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ سيا ب آ وغر ية مال لش كا ا مري أ قها سر ” ب جنو ا و سي ق آ سر ” صفر كان لدى منطقة واحدة فقط من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة الثماني تقديرات لخدمات النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل خدمة النظافة العامة الأساسية على الصعيد الإقليمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) خدمة النظافة العامة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية المرافق العاملة المخصصة لنظافة اليدين (المزودة بالماء والصابون و/ أو مطهر اليدين الكحولي) متاحة في نقاط الرعاية وعلى مسافة لا تتجاوز خمسة أمتار من المراحيض في 8 بلدان من أصل 55 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كانت مرافق غسل اليدين غير متوافرة في أكثر من نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية،6102 الشكل 01 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها مرافق نظافة اليدين في نقاط الرعاية، 6102 (٪) 6صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا أبرز المعالم إدارة النفايات الرسائل الرئيسية في عام 6102: كان لدى 84 بلدًا ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بإدارة . 1 النفايات الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. لم يكن هناك ما يكفي من البلدان ذات التقديرات الأساسية . 2 لحساب التغطية العالمية بخدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية الخاصة بالرعاية . 3 الصحية متوافرة في 72٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في أقل البلدان نموًا. كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية الخاصة بالرعاية . الصحية متوافرة في مرفق واحد من بين كل عشرة (01٪) من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في أوقيانوسيا. كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية الخاصة بالرعاية . 5 الصحية متوافرة في 04٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى. على الصعيد العالمي، كانت نظم فصل النفايات متوافرة في . 6 06٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى، كانت خدمات إدارة . 7 النفايات الأساسية متوافرة في 06٪ من المستشفيات و83٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وكان فصل النفايات يجري بأمان في سبعة من كل عشرة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الحكومية (17٪) وفي نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير الحكومية (55٪). 0 01 72 7 1111 22 6 15 32 ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 مية النا ة غىر لص ة ا زري لج ل ا دو ال لية ساح ال غىر ية نام ن ال لدا الب موا ً ن ن لدا الب قل أ يىى كار وال نية لاتي ا ال ريك أم ندا زيل ينو ا و الي سىر ‚ أ لية شما ا ال ريك وأم وبا أور قها سر ‡ ب جنو ا و سي ق آ سر ‡ بها جنو ا و سي ط آ وس سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما سيا انو وقي أ ى كىر ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري صفر أ البيانات غىر كافية لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية كان لدى منطقتين فقط من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة تقديرات لخدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 11 خدمات إدارة النفايات على الصعيد الإقليمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) في 03 بلدًا من أصل 84 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كانت خدمة إدارة النفايات الأساسية غير متوافرة في أكثر من نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 21 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية، 6102 (٪) إدارة النفايات الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية ُتفصل النفايات في ثلاث حاويات على الأقل وُتعاَلج النفايات الحادة والمعدية وُيَتخلَّ ص منها .بطريقة مأمونة 702 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت لم عا لم رز ا أب تنظيف البيئة الرسائل الرئيسية في عام 6102: كان لدى أربعة بلدان فقط ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير . 1 التغطية بخدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. لم يكن هناك ما يكفي من البلدان ذات التقديرات الأساسية . 2 المعروفة لحساب التغطية الإقليمية والعالمية بخدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية. خدمة تنظيف البيئة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية هناك بروتوكولات أساسية بشأن التنظيف، وجرى تدريب جميع العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف 8صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا أبرز المعالم الجدول 2 المؤشرات الأساسية والإضافية، مجّمعة طبقًا لمعايير حقوق الإنسان مؤشرات إضافية للرصد الموسع توفِّ ر مؤ�ش ات الخدمة الخمسة الأساسية نقطة انطلاق قّيمة لرصد خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية على الصعيد العالمي، بيد أنها ل تُسجِّ ل جميع جوانب هذه الخدمات المهّمة لتحس�ي ف الحصائل الصحية وزيادة جودة الرعاية وحماية العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية. فعلى سبيل المثال، ل يتضمن مؤ�ش خدمة المياہ الأساسية القياس المبا�ش لجودة المياہ، رغم أن جودة المياہ لها أهمية حاسمة. المؤشرات الأساسيةعنصر الخدمة أمثلة على المؤشرات الإضافية أخرى الجودة المقبوليةالإتاحةالتوافر التوافرالمياہ العمل الإتاحة في المرافق الجودة مصدر مياہ محسَّ ن كميات مياہ كافية لمختلف الاستخدامات الاستمرارية الموسمية تخزين المياہ أماكن مواقع توفير المياہ وعددها نسبة مواقع توفير المياہ إلى المرضى أو الأسّرة إمكانية وصول الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة إلى مياہ الشرب طعم مياہ الشرب ومظهرها الإشريكية القولونية، الَفيَلقيَّ ة، الكلور المتبقي، المواد الكيميائية، وغير ذلك معالجة المياہ في الموقع الإمداد بواسطة الأنابيب مصادر متعدِّ دة كميات مياہ كافية لمختلف الاستخدامات أنواع التغليف المختلفة التوافرالإصحاح صالحة للاستخدام للنساء والرجال للعاملين الإتاحة لذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة المقبولية تتيح الخصوصية خلال فترة الطمث الجودة مراحيض محّسنة عدد المراحيض ومواقعها نسبة المراحيض إلى المرضى أو الأسّرة المسافة بين المراحيض ومناطق الاستشارة الملاءمة الثقافية النظافة وصلات الصرف الصحي إدارة الرواسب البرازية بّينات على التغوط في العراء داخل محيط المرفق إدارة الصرف والجريان السطحي تدابير مكافحة نواقل الأمراض في المراحيض التوافرالنظافة العامة مرافق نظافة اليدين تعمل في نقاط الرعاية مرافق غسل اليدين تعمل في المراحيض موقع محطات غسل اليدين وعددها نسبة محطات غسل اليدين إلى المرضى أو الأسّرة الالتزام بنظافة اليدين سهولة رؤية المواد التي تشجِّ ع على النظافة العامة أنشطة تشجيع النظافة العامة التدريب على النظافة العامة ومكافحة العدوى الجودةإدارة النفايات فصل نفايات الرعاية الصحية المعالجة والتخلص موقع حاويات النفايات وعددها نسبة حاويات النفايات إلى المرضى أو الأسّرة عمل أفران حرق النفايات توافر الوقود/ الطاقة أفران حرق النفايات التخلص من النفايات الكيميائية والمشعة الحاويات ليست في متناول الأطفال منطقة تخزين النفايات محاطة بسياج معدات لحماية القائمين على إدارة النفايات التوافرتنظيف البيئة بروتوكولات قائمة الجودة عاملون مدرَّ بون موقع محطات التنظيف وعددها وجود مستلزمات التنظيف، بما في ذلك المواد المطهِّ رة تواتر التنظيف النظافة المشاَهدة طرائق التنظيف المستخدمة 902 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت لم عا لم رز ا أب مؤ�ش ات الخدمة الأساسية العالمية هي حل وسط ب�ي ف المتطلبات المعيارية وما يُمكن رصده وتجميعه عمليا ًعلى المستوي�ي ف الوط�ف ي والعالمي �ف ي بداية ف�ت ة أهداف التنمية المستدامة. وقد يكون بالإ مكان رصد عّدة مؤ�ش ات إضافية على المستوى المحلىي واستخدامها لتحس�ي ف جودة تقديم الخدمات. ويُمكن تجميع هذه المعلومات على المستوى الوط�ف ي ، و�ف ي نهاية المطاف على المستوى العالمي، إذا سمحت البيانات بذلك. وربما ترغب البلدان �ف ي تعريف مستويات الخدمة استناداً إل هذه المؤ�ش ات الإضافية والذهاب إل أبعد مما يتيحه ساسي ، من أجل تجسيد أولوياتها وطموحاتها الوطنية. المستوى الأ وترد �ف ي الجدول 2 أمثلة لمؤ�ش ات إضافية غ�ي ُمدرجة �ف ي مستوى الخدمة ساسية والإضافية على السواء �ف ي الأساسية. وقد جرى تجميع المؤ�ش ات الأ عناصر التوافر والإ تاحة والمقبولية والجودة المستمدة من حقوق الإ نسان �ف ي الصحة والمياہ والإصحاح (الإ طار 1). ويسلط هذا التقرير الضوء على أمثلة توضيحية لبلدان ترصد بعض هذه المؤ�ش ات الإضافية. الإطار 1: إعمال حقوق الإنسان تدريجيًا في الصحة وفي المياہ والإصحاح المأمونين مم المتحدة، التعليق العام رقم 41: الحق �ف ي التمتع بأعلى مستوى من الصحة يمكن بلوغه، 4/0002/21.C/E، الأمم المتحدة، جنيف، 0002، <.yrarbillatigid//:sptth 3 لجنة الحقوق القتصادية والجتماعية والثقافية التابعة للاأ 140524/drocer/gro.nu مم المتحدة المعنية بحق الإ نسان �ف ي الحصول على مياہ ال�ش ب 4 كاتارينا دي ألبوكارك، إعمال حقوق الإ نسان �ف ي المياہ وخدمات الصرف الصحي: كتّيب للمقررة الخاصة للاأمم المتحدة كاتارينا دي ألبوكارك، المقررة الخاصة للاأ المأمونة وخدمات الصرف الصحي، ال�ب تغال، 4102، <xpsa.koobdnah/segap/retawrs/noitatinasdnaretaw/seussi/ne/gro.rhcho.www>. ُتسلِّ م الدول الأعضاء في الأمم المتحدة على نطاق واسع بالحق في الصحة الذي يّتسم بأهمية مركزية بالنسبة لإعمال حقوق الإنسان الأخرى، ويعتمد عليها، بما في ذلك الحق في المياہ والإصحاح المأمونين. وطبقًا للجنة الحقوق الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية، حسبما جاء في تعليقها العام رقم 1،3 ويتضمن الحق في الصحة المكّونات الأساسية التالية: التوافر: يشير إلى الحاجة إلى توفير القدر الكافي من المرافق العاملة المعنية بالصحة العامة والرعاية الصحية وكذلك من السلع والخدمات والبرامج للجميع. إمكانية الوصول: ينبغي أن يتمتع الجميع بإمكانية الاستفادة من المرافق والسلع والخدمات الصحية. وتتسم إمكانية الوصول بأربعة أبعاد متداخلة هي: عدم التمييز، وإمكانية الوصول ماديًا وإمكانية الوصول اقتصاديًا (القدرة على تحمل النفقات) وإمكانية الوصول إلى المعلومات. المقبولية: تتعلق باحترام المبادئ الأخلاقية الطبية والملاءمة الثقافية والحساسية للاعتبارات الجنسانية. وتقتضي المقبولية أن ُترّكز المرافق والسلع والخدمات الصحية على الأشخاص وأن تلبي الاحتياجات المحدَّ دة لمختلف المجموعات السكانية وفقًا لمعايير الأخلاقيات الطبية الدولية بشأن السّرية والموافقة المستنيرة. الجودة: من اللازم أن تكون المرافق والسلع والخدمات الصحية مقبولة ثقافيًا وعلميًا وطبيًا. والجودة مكّون رئيسي في التغطية الصحية الشاملة وهي تنطوي على الخبرة في مجال الرعاية الصحية وكذلك على تصّور هذه الرعاية. وينبغي أن تكون الخدمات الصحية الجيدة مأمونة وفّعالة ومركِّ زة على الأشخاص وحّسنة التوقيت ومنصفة ومتكاملة وناجعة. وتعتمد حقوق الإنسان في المياہ والإصحاح على معايير مماثلة. وقد لاحظت المقررة الخاصة أنه “ينبغي للدول الأعضاء وضع معايير بشأن توافر خدمات المياہ والإصحاح وإمكانية الوصول إليها وجودتها ويسر تكلفتها ومقبوليتها واستدامتها، كذلك لاحظت أنه ينبغي "تطبيق المعايير على الخدمات داخل المنازل، وكذلك في أماكن العمل والمدارس والمراكز الصحية والأماكن العامة وأماكن الاحتجاز." ويتمثل أحد المبادئ الأساسية للحق في الصحة في الإعمال التدريجي باستخدام أقصى قدر من الموارد المتاحة. فليس المطلوب من الحكومات أن تضمن فورًا الامتثال الكامل لالتزامات حقوق الإنسان، والواقع أن محدودية الموارد قد تعني أن ذلك غير ممكن في الأمد القصير. بيد أنه بصرف النظر عن مستوى الموارد المتوافرة للحكومات فإن بإمكانها، بل يتعّين عليها، أن تتخذ ما يمكنها من خطوات فورية في حدود إمكاناتها في سبيل استيفاء هذه الحقوق. ونهج "تصنيف الخدمات" مفيد لتحديد غايات بشأن التحسين التدريجي للخدمات، بصرف النظر عن مستوى التغطية الراهن. ويتعّين أن ُتحدِّ د كل حكومة ما الخطوات التي تريد اتخاذها وكيفية تحقيق التوازن بين الاستثمارات في الرعاية الأولية والثانوية والثالثية. وُيمكن للحكومات في هذا الصدد أن ُتحدِّ د غايات بشأن ضمان توافر خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية أو ضمان إمكانية وصول الجميع إلى الخدمات الأساسية أو تحقيق مستويات أعلى من الخدمات. "يجب أن توفر الدولة الطرف القدر الكافي من المرافق العاملة المعنية بالصحة العامة والرعاية الصحية وكذلك من السلع والخدمات والبرامج. ويختلف الطابع المحدد للمرافق والسلع والخدمات وفقًا لعوامل عديدة، من بينها المستوى الإنمائي للدولة الطرف. وإن كانت تتضمن المقومات الأساسية للصحة مثل مياہ الشرب المأمونة ومرافق الإصحاح الكافية، والمستشفيات، والعيادات، وغيرها من المباني المرتبطة بالصحة..." – التعليق العام رقم 41، الفقرة 21 01 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا المقدمة المقدمة 5 :eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,retaW gniknirD no ssergorP ,eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,ylppuS retaW rof emmargorP gnirotinoM tnioJ dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW lanif-troper-7102-pmj/troper/gro.atadhsaw//:sptth> ,7102 ,aveneG ,FECINU dna OHW ,senilesab GDS dna etadpu 7102>. 6 اليونسكو، «حركة التعليم للجميع»، اليونسكو، 7102، <lla-rof-noitacude/adnega-lanoitanretni-eht-gnidael/semeht/noitacude/sevihcra/ne/wen/gro.ocsenu.www> تم الطلاع �ف ي 31 آذار/ مارس 9102. مم المتحدة للطفولة، المياہ والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية: خطوات عملية لتوف�ي الرعاية الجيدة للجميع. منظمة الصحة العالمية ومنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة، جنيف، 7 منظمة الصحة العالمية ومنظمة الأ 9102، <lmth.xedni/ne/seitilicaf-erac-htlaeh-ni-hsaw/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www>. 8 الأمم المتحدة، تحويل عالمنا: خطة التنمية المستدامة لعام 0302، قرار الجمعية العامة للاأمم المتحدة 1/07/SER/A، الأمم المتحدة، جنيف، 12 ت�ش ين الأول/ أكتوبر 5102، <A=gnaL&1/07/SER/A=lobmys?psa.cod_weiv/hcra/es/ag /gro.nu.www>. 9 rof srotacidni labolg weN :adnegA 0302 eht ni HSAW ,eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,ylppuS retaW rof emmargorP gnirotinoM tnioJ dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW adnega-0302-hsaw-7102-pmj/troper/gro.atadhsaw//:sptth> ,7102 ,FECINU dna OHW ,eneigyh dna noitatinas ,retaw gniknird>. 01 22 ,aveneG ,NU ,’[dereviled sa] 8202–8102 «tnempoleveD elbaniatsuS rof retaW» noitcA rof edaceD lanoitanretnI fo hcnuaL ta skramer s›lareneG-yraterceS‘ ,lareneG-yraterceS snoitaN detinU 9102 hcraM 31 dessecca ,<retaw-noitca-edaced-lanoitanretni-hcnual-skramer-slareneg-yraterces/22-30-8102/tnemetats/gs/tnetnoc/ne/gs/gro.nu.www> ,8102 hcraM دأبت منظمة الصحة العالمية (المنظمة) ومنظمة الأمم المتحدة للطفولة (اليونيسيف)، من خلال برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك ب�ي ف المنظمة واليونيسيف لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة، على إنتاج تحديثات منتظمة بشأن المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة منذ عام 0991. وقد تتبع ال�ب نامج التقدم المحرز نحو تحقيق الأهداف الإ نمائية للاألفية ن مسؤول ًعن رصد التقدم العالمي نحو غاي�ت ي أهداف التنمية وأصبح الآ المستدامة المتعلقت�ي ف بالمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة.5 وتستهدف غايات أهداف التنمية المستدامة تحقيق «الإ تاحة الشاملة» لخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وهذا يتطلب مزيداً من الهتمام بخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة خارج الم�ف ف ل، أي �ف ي المؤسسات مثل المدارس ومرافق الرعاية الصحية وأماكن العمل على سبيل المثال. وتقر الجهود العالمية الرامية إل توف�ي التعليم للجميع بالدور الذي تؤديه المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي المدارس �ف ي تحس�ي ف إتاحة التعليم وتحقيق الحصائل التعليمية، وخاصة بالنسبة للفتيات.6 و�ف ي عام 8102، ن�ش ال�ب نامج أول تقييم عالمي للمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي المدارس. وكذلك، ما فتئت حالة المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، والصلات مع الحصائل الصحية، تحظى باهتمام م�ت ف ايد �ف ي السنوات الأخ�ي ة. ويعرض هذا التقرير أول تقييم عالمي لخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وإدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية وخدمات تنظيف البيئة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، ويضع تقديرات أساسية لرصد التقدم المحرز خلال ف�ت ة أهداف التنمية المستدامة. ويكمله تقرير آخر صادر عن منظمة الصحة العالمية واليونيسيف يحدد الإجراءات العملية ال�ت ي يمكن أن تتخذها البلدان لتحس�ي ف المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية.7 المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والصحة في خطة التنمية 0302 المستدامة لعام عضاء �ف ي الجمعية العامة للاأمم المتحدة �ف ي عام 5102، أقرت الدول الأ البالغ عددها 391 دولة بالإجماع خطة التنمية المستدامة لعام 0302 8 وتتضمن 71 هدفا ًهي أهداف التنمية المستدامة و961 غاية عالمية للتنمية خلال الف�ت ة من عام 5102 إل عام 0302. وتنطبق هذه الخطة الطموحة والعالمية على جميع البلدان وتركز على «ضمان عدم ترك أي أحد خلف الركب» وضمان الوقوف على الفجوات الكائنة �ف ي الخدمات وسدها تدريجيا.ً ويهدف الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة إل «ضمان توافر المياہ وخدمات الصرف الصحي للجميع وإدارتها إدارة مستدامة»، ويشمل غايت�ي ف مفادهما الإ تاحة الشاملة لمياہ ال�ش ب المأمونة والإصحاح والنظافة العامة للجميع بحلول عام 0302 (الغايتان 6-1 و6-2). وتش�ي كلمة «الجميع» إل جميع السياقات، بما �ف ي ذلك المنازل والمدارس ومرافق الرعاية الصحية وأماكن العمل والأماكن العامة، أما كلمة «للجميع»، فتش�ي إل الخدمات الملائمة للنساء والرجال والفتيات والفتيان من جميع الأعمار، بمن فيهم الأشخاص ذوو الإ عاقة. ويرمي الهدف 3 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة إل «ضمان تمتع الجميع بأنماط عيش صحية وبالرفاهية �ف ي جميع الأعمار» ويشمل غاية محددة (3-9) هي الحد من عبء الأمراض الناجمة عن المياہ غ�ي المأمونة والإصحاح غ�ي المأمون ونقص النظافة العامة. أمَّ ا الغايتان الأخريان (3- 1، 3-2)، فتدعوان إل خفض معدل الوفيات النفاسية ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة ووفيات المواليد، وكلها تتأثر تأثراً مبا�ش اً بظروف المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. و�ف ي الواقع، ل يمكن للبلدان تحقيق التغطية الصحية الشاملة (الغاية 3-8) إل عندما تتاح للجميع خدمات الرعاية الصحية الجيدة، بما �ف ي ذلك مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي توفر خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية. وهذه الغايات طموحة للغاية ولكنها أيضا ًم�ت ابطة ويدعم بعضها بعضا.ً و�ف ي آذار/ مارس 8102، أطلق الأم�ي ف العام للاأمم المتحدة دعوة عالمية للعمل من أجل المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية،01 مش�ي اً إل أن مرافق الرعاية الصحية تشّكل أدوات أساسية �في الحد من الأمراض، وأنه بدون مرافق المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة ساسية، يمكن أن تسهم تلك المرافق، بدل ًمن ذلك، �ف ي وقوع مزيد من الأ الإ صابات، وإطالة ف�ت ات الإ قامة �ف ي المستشفيات ووقوع مزيد من الوفيات ال�ت ي يمكن تلافيها، بما �ف ي ذلك وفيات الأمهات والرضع. 11 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت مة قد لم ا رصد المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يركز تقرير برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة هذا على رصد حالة المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والنظافة الصحية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن الوثيقة المرفقة ال�ت ي تتناول الإجراءات العملية تضع خطة عمل عالمية وتحدد ثما�ف ي خطوات يمكن أن تتخذها البلدان لتحس�ي ف مرافق المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية: 1- إجراء تحليل وتقييم للوضع 2- تحديد الغايات ورسم خارطة الطريق 3- وضع معاي�ي ونظم وطنية 4- تحس�ي ف البنية التحتية والصيانة 5- رصد البيانات واستعراضها 6- تطوير القوى العاملة الصحية 7- إ�ش اك المجتمعات المحلية 8- إجراء بحوث العمليات وتبادل الدروس المستفادة 11 dna OHW ,drawrof yaw dna seirtnuoc emocni-elddim dna -wol ni sutatS :seitilicaF eraC htlaeH ni eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,retaW ,dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW fdp.gne_6748051429879/885451/56601/eldnah/maertstib/siri/tni.ohw.sppa//:sptth> ,5102 ,aveneG ,FECINU>. ويمثل هذا التقرير تجميعا ًوتحليلا ًلبيانات الرصد الحالية ال�ت ي جمعتها البلدان واستعرضتها من قبل (الخطوة 5). وتتضمن قاعدة البيانات العالمية للمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية بال�ب نامج الجديد بيانات وطنية واردة من 521 بلداً بناًء على تقييمات لأك�ش من 000 065 من مرافق الرعاية الصحية (انظر الملحق 1 للاطلاع على التفاصيل). وقد اسُتخرجت البيانات من 062 تقييما ًللمرافق ممثلا ً للبلدان ووزعت على مجموعة موحدة معياريا ًمن المؤ�ش ات العالمية لخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وإدارة النفايات وتنظيف البيئة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. ولي لعام 5102 عن المياہ ويتبع هذا التقرير ويحل محل الستعراض الأ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية11 الذي وجه النتباه إل مشاكل المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي العديد من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي البلدان المنخفضة الدخل وتلك المتوسطة الدخل. ول يمكن مقارنة نتائج التقريرين 21 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا المقدمة بعضها ببعض مقارنة مبا�ش ة، حيث إن التقرير السابق استند إل عدد أقل بكث�ي من التقييمات الممثلة للبلدان (02 تقييما ًممثلا ًللبلدان تعتمد على 000 85 مرفق، معظمها �ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى). وتشّكل هذه المؤ�ش ات تصنيف الخدمات الذي حدده برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة (الشكل 1) وتُستخدم �ف ي الرصد العالمي وتوفر إحصاءات قابلة للمقارنة دوليا ًب�ي ف 21 انظر على وجه الخصوص: -inagrO htlaeH dlroW dna .</ne/ch_she /snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ne/ganametsaw /snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,4102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,seitivitcA erac-htlaeH morf setsaW fo tnemeganaM efaS ,noitaz 31 ,slaoG tnempoleveD elbaniatsuS eht ni seitilicaF eraC htlaeH ni HSAW gnirotinoM no gniteeM puorG trepxE :tropeR gniteeM ,dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW fchniw-gniteem-puorg-trepxe-6102-pmj/troper/gro.atadhsaw//:sptth> ,6102 ,aveneG ,FECINU dna OHW نابيب وُحفر الس�ب أو الآ بار الأ نبوبية والآ بار المحفورة المحمية والينابيع المحمية ومياہ الأ مطار 41 مصادر المياہ المحّسنة هي تلك ال�تي تسمح، بسبب طبيعة تصميمها وبنائها، بتوف�ي مياہ مأمونة. وهي تشمل المياہ المنقولة بالأ والمياہ المعبأة أو المورَّدة. 51 مرافق الإ صحاح المحّسنة هي تلك المصممة بحيث تحول بطريقة تحافظ على النظافة العامة دون التلامس ب�يف الفضلات الب�ش ية والب�ش . وهي تشمل تكنولوجيات الإ صحاح الرطب – مثل المراحيض ال�تي تُغسل أو تُنظف بسكب المياہ الموصولة بشبكة صرف صحي أو صهاريج التعف�ي ف أو المراحيض المحفورة – وتكنولوجيات الإصحاح الجاف - مثل المراحيض المحفورة الجافة المزودة ببلاطة والمراحيض السمادية. 61 يلزم توافر مرحاض�يف كحد أد�ف �في مبا�في العيادات الخارجية (مرحاض واحد مخصص للعامل�يف ومرحاض واحد محايد جنسانيا ًللمرصىف الذين لديهم وسائل النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث وسهل الستخدام للاأ شخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة). وقد يكون المرحاضان كافي�ي ف لمرفق رعاية صحية صغ�ي ل يوفر سوى خدمات العيادات الخارجية، لكن المرافق الأك�ب حجما ًتحتاج إل مزيد من المراحيض. البلدان ومع مرور الوقت. ووضعت مؤ�ش ات الخدمات الأساسية (الجدول 3) ابتداء من عام 5102 مع إجراء استعراض للمعاي�ي العالمية21 والمؤ�ش ات الوطنية الحالية وأدوات جمع البيانات. وقد اسُتعرضت مسودة مجموعة من المؤ�ش ات المنسقة والأسئلة الأساسية الموصى بها لستخدامها �ف ي جمع البيانات وُعدلت وأُقرت �ف ي اجتماع فريق الخ�ب اء لعام 6102 الذي ضم ممثل�ي ف عن قطاع المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة، علاوة على برامج المسوح الدولية الرئيسية.31 خدمة تنظيف البيئة الأساسية إدارة النفايات الأساسية خدمة النظافة العامة الأساسية خدمة الإصحاح الأساسية خدمة المياہ الأساسية ُتتاح بروتوكولات أساسية بشأن التنظيف، وجرى تدريب جميع العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف ُتفصل النفايات في ثلاث حاويات على الأقل وُتعاَلج النفايات الحادة والمعدية وُيَتخلَّ ص منها بطريقة مأمونة مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين (مزودة بالماء والصابون و/ أو مطهر يدين كحولي) متاحة في نقاط الرعاية وعلى مسافة لا تتجاوز خمسة أمتار من المراحيض مرافق إصحاح محّسنة 51 صالحة للاستخدام، تشمل مرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل مخصصًا للعاملين، ومرحاضًا منفصًلا واحدًا على الأقل للنساء مزودًا بوسائل النظافة ،خلال فترة الطمث ومرحاضًا واحدًا على الأقل سهل الاستخدام للأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة.61 المياہ متاحة من مصدر محّسن 1 موجود في المرفق الجدول 3 المؤشرات العالمية لخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 13 20 19 م اع ل ي مل اع لا ة يس اس لأا ت انا يب لا ر يرق ت ةم دق مل ا ًلايدعت تلدُعو ةديدجلا ةلئسألاو تا ش�ؤملا كلذ دعب تبرُج دقو ةلئسألا نم ةيئاهنلا ةعومجملا لثمتو .2017-2016 ة ت�فلا للاخ ًافيفط ةيلمعلا دويقلاو ةيرايعملا تابلطتملا في�ب ًانزاوت 17ةيساسألا تا ش�ؤملاو ًلوقعم ًاعمج اهعمج نكمي ي ت�لا تامولعملا ىوتسمو عونب قلعتي اميف ةيملاعلا ريراقتلا دادع إل اهعيمجتو ةيحصلا ةياعرلا قفارم عاونأ عيمج نم .ةمادتسملا ةيمنتلا فادهأ ة ت�ف للاخ ةيساسألا ةماعلا ةفاظنلاو حاحصإلاو ہايملا تامدخ تا ش�ؤم تجمُدو ي ف� ،2016 ماع ي ف� ةرم لو أل اه ش�ن ذنم ،اهب ةطبترملا ةيساسألا ةلئسألاو مم ألا ةمظنمو ةيملاعلا ةحصلا ةمظنم ،ةمادتسملا ةيمنتلا فاده أل ةيحصلا ةياعرلا قفارم يف� ةيحصلا ةفاظنلاو حاحص إلاو ہايملا دصرل ةيساس ألا تا ش�ؤملاو ةلئس ألا ،ةلوفطلل ةدحتملا مم ألا ةمظنمو ةيملاعلا ةحصلا ةمظنم 17 .>https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2018-core-questions-and-indicators-monitoring-winhcf-1< ،2018 ،فينج ،ةلوفطلل ةدحتملا .Health Data Collaborative, >www.healthdatacollaborative.org<, accessed 13 March 2019 18 ةعومجم ي ف� مييقتلا تاودأو تاسايسلاو ي�ياعملاو ةيهيجوتلا ئدابملا يذلا 2 قحلملا ًاضيأ رظناو ،2 راط إلا( ةيعرفلا ةحصلا تاعاطق نم :ةيحصلا ةياعرلا قفارم ي ف� ةماعلا ةفاظنلاو حاحصإلاو ہايملا ناونع لمحي حيقنتلا ي ف� ًاضيأ تجمُد دقو .)7 ةلماشلا ةحات إلا قيقحتل ةيلمع تاوطخ ةحصلا ةمظنم اهترادإ لوتت ي ت�لا ةيحصلا قفارملا مييقت ةاد أل رمتسملا ةينواعتلا ةئيهلا هلذبت يذلا لصاوتملا دهجلا نم ًاءزج اهفصوب ةيملاعلا 18.ةيحصلا تانايبلل CONTACT Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia 1211-Geneva 27 Switzerland http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/en/ Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT) A practical guide for improving quality of care through water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities Safe management of wastes from health-care activities Second edition Edited by Yves Chartier, Jorge Emmanuel, Ute Pieper, Annette Prüss, Philip Rushbrook, Ruth Stringer, William Townend, Susan Wilburn and Raki Zghondi STANDARDS FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF MATERNAL AND NEWBORN CARE IN HEALTH FACILITIES Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level Standards for improving the quality of care for children and young adolescents in health facilities GLOBAL GUIDELINES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION ENDING CHOLERA A G LO B A L R O A D M A P TO 2 0 3 0 GLOBAL ACTION PLAN ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE STATE PARTY SELF-ASSESSMENT ANNUAL REPORTING TOOL INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (2005) 2 راطلإا 2018-2016 ،ةيحصلا ةياعرلا قفارم في ةماعلا ةفاظنلاو حاحصلإاو ہايملا لىإ ةراشإ لمشت يتلا ةحصلا عاطق تاجتنم 41 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما خدمات المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يحتاج العاملون �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية إل كميات كافية من المياہ الصالحة لل�ش ب لتوف�ي خدمات الرعاية الصحية. ويستلزم ال�ش ب والطهو ونظافة اليدين والستحمام ومجموعة متنوعة من الستخدامات الطبية العامة والمتخصصة، توافر إمدادات المياہ المأمونة على نحو يمكن �ََِّة والأرضيات التعويل عليها. والمياہ صرف ورية أيضا ًلتنظيف الغرف والأ �ََِّة والغسيل. ول غ�ف عنها للمرصىف �ف ي حصولهم والمراحيض وأغطية الأ على الرعاية الصحية، لأنها تمكنهم من مداومة ترطيب أجسادهم، وتنظيف أنفسهم، والحد من خطر العدوى المحدق بهم. وتحتاج الأ� ومقدمو الرعاية أيضا ًإل المياہ لتقديم الرعاية إل المرصىف وتلبية احتياجاتهم. فبدون المياہ، ل يعت�ب مرفق الرعاية الصحية مرفق رعاية صحية. ولمرافق الرعاية الصحية المختلفة احتياجات مختلفة من المياہ حسب نوع الخدمات الصحية المقدمة وحجم المرفق. وكمية ونوعية المياہ المتاحة، وموقع وإمكانية الوصول إل نقاط المياہ داخل المرفق الصحي، 51 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد وإمكانية التعويل على إمدادات المياہ مع مرور الوقت، كلها جوانب مهمة تخص خدمات المياہ. 1 ومع ذلك، ل تجمع معظم تقييمات المرافق ونظم معلومات الإ دارة الصحية إل معلومات محدودة حول خدمات المياہ �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. ويعرض هذا التقرير تصنيفا ًلخدمات المياہ مستخدما ًالبيانات المتوافرة حاليا ًمن المصادر الوطنية من أجل تصنيف المرافق من حيث توافر الخدمات كما يلىي : خدمات أساسية أو خدمات محدودة أو ل توجد خدمة ساسي مستوى مرتفعا ًللغاية (الشكل 31). ول يمثل مستوى الخدمة الأ من الخدمة، ويسلط هذا الفصل أيضا ًالضوء على أمثلة من البلدان ال�ت ي تجمع معلومات إضافية عن خدمات المياہ بها، مثل استمرارية إمدادات المياہ وكفايتها وجودتها. ويمكن استخدام جمع البيانات عن مستوى ساسي لرصد مستويات الخدمة المتقدمة �ف ي يتعدى مستوى الخدمة الأ المستقبل؛ ومع ذلك، يعوز هذه المعلومات التوحيد المعياري والتوافر حاليا ًعلى نطاق واسع بما يكفي لستخدامها �ف ي الرصد العالمي. وتصنَّف مرافق الرعاية الصحية على أنها تحتوي على خدمات مياہ أساسية إذا كانت تستخدم المياہ من مصدر محّسن موجود �ف ي المب�ف ، وتتوفر منه المياہ ي وقت التقييم. ومرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي بها مصدر مياہ محّسن �ف ي المب�ف (ولكنه على بُعد 005 م�ت ) أو ال�ت ي ل تتوافر فيها غ�ي موجود �ف المياہ �ف ي وقت التقييم تُصنَّف على أنها ذات خدمات مياہ محدودة. 91 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. نابيب وُحفر الس�ب أو الآ بار الأ نبوبية والآ بار المحفورة المحمية والينابيع المحمية ومياہ الأ مطار 02 مصادر المياہ المحّسنة هي تلك ال�تي تسمح، بحكم طبيعة تصميمها وبنائها، بتوف�ي مياہ مأمونة. وهي تشمل المياہ المنقولة بالأ والمياہ المعبأة أو المورَّدة. ومرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي ل يوجد بها مصدر للمياہ، أو ال�ت ي تأخذ المياہ من مصدر مياہ غ�ي محسَّ ن، أو تستخدم مصدر مياہ محسَّ ن على بُعد أك�ش من 005 م�ت تصنف على أنها ل توجد بها خدمة مياہ. و�ف ي السنغال، انتهى تقييم المرفق لعام 7102 الذي أجراه المسح المستمر لتقديم خدمات الرعاية الصحية إل أن جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقريبا ً�ف ي البلد بها نوع من مصدر المياہ، لكن أقل من نصفها يفي بمعاي�ي خدمة المياہ الأساسية (الشكل 41). المياہ الخدمة الأساسية المياہ متاحة من مصدر محّسن 02 موجود في المرفق الخدمة المحدودة يوجد مصدر مياہ محّسن على ُبعد لا يتجاوز 005 متر من المرفق، ولكن لا تتوافر فيه جميع اشتراطات الخدمة الأساسية لا توجد خدمة ُتستمد المياہ من أبار محفورة أو ينابيع غير محمية، أو من مصادر مياہ سطحية؛ أو يوجد مصدر محّسن على ُبعد يتجاوز 005 متر من المرفق؛ أو لا يوجد مصدر مياہ الشكل 31 تصنيف خدمات المياہ الأساسية بالنسبة لمرافق الرعاية الصحية شكل توضيحي لهيكل تصنيف خدمات المياہ: السنغال الشكل 1 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية حسب نوع خدمة المياہ، المسح المستمر لتقديم خدمات الرعاية الصحية في السنغال، 7102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 68 38 66 6 73 71 6 مصدر محّسن ومتاح تصنيف الخدمة ڡى  المبىى مصدر محّسن بُعد 005 مىرمصدر محّسن على أي مصدر مياه مصدر محّسن لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية 61 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما خدمات المياہ الأساسية على الصعيد العالمي، كان لدى 83 بلدا،ً يبلغ عدد سكانها مجتمعة 6.2 مليار نسمة، بيانات كافية لوضع تقديرات ممثل للبلدان لخدمات المياہ ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي عام 6102 (الشكل 51). وكان الأ لدى مزيد من البلدان بيانات عن مؤ�ش ات أخرى، مع قدرة 96 بلدا،ً تمثل 16٪ من سكان العالم، على الإ بلاغ عن نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي ل توجد بها خدمة المياہ. وينتج برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة تقديرات إقليمية وعالمية12 لوضع مؤ�ش ات جديدة، �ش يطة توافر بيانات عمَّ ا ل يقل عن 03٪ من السكان المعني�ي ف .22 ساسية متوافرة �ف ي 47٪ وعلى الصعيد العالمي، كانت خدمات المياہ الأ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي عام 6102 (الشكل 61). ولم تكن هناك خدمة مياہ لدى واحد من كل ثمانية مرافق رعاية صحية (21٪)، وكانت الخدمات محدودة لدى الـ 41٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الباقية، بما يع�ف ي أن مصدراً محّسنا ًكان متاحا ًخارج المرفق (لكن �ف ي حدود 005 م�ت ) أو أن المياہ لم تكن متوافرة منه �ف ي وقت التقييم. وتراوحت قيم خدمات ساسية على الصعيد الإ قليمي 15٪ �ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء المياہ الأ الك�ب ى إل 78٪ �ف ي �ش ق وجنوب �ش ق آسيا (انظر الملحق 2 للاطلاع على المجموعات الإ قليمية). 12 من أجل الحيلولة دون تأث�ي بلدان تقع �في منطقة واحدة على التقديرات العالمية أك�ش من غ�يها، تُحسب التقديرات العالمية باستخدام التقديرات الإ قليمية. انظر الملحق 1: أساليب ال�بنامج المش�تك لرصد إمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة للاطلاع على مزيد من التفاصيل. 22 بما أن عدد سكان العالم �في عام 6102 بلغ 74.7 مليار نسمة، فيمكن إجراء تقديرات عالمية �ش يطة أن تكون البيانات متاحة عن بلدان يبلغ عدد سكانها 42.2 مليار شخص على الأ قل. ولحظ أن التقديرات الإ قليمية والعالمية تُنتج باستخدام عدد السكان الوطني�ي ف (أو الحصرف ي�ي ف والريفي�ي ف ) كأوزان، بدل ًمن عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية (ال�ت ي من شأنها أن تكون أك�ش ملاءمة)، لأن بيانات السكان متاحة بسهولة أك�ب من سهولة إتاحة بيانات أعداد الأنواع المختلفة مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وللاطلاع على مزيد من التفاصيل، انظر الملحق 1: أساليب ال�ب نامج المش�ت ك لرصد إمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة. 78 07 5515 6 56 015601 32 32 6322 81 21 62 32 2 3 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 1 21 ■ ■ ■ ■ لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية البيانات غىر كافية الم الع مية النا ول الد رية جز ن ال لدا الب مية النا ىر ة صغ ال موًا ن ن لدا الب قل أ حلية لسا ىر ا غ يقيا أفر ال شم سيا ب آ وغر ريكا وأم وبا أور الية شم ال ندا وزيل وني اليا سىر “ ا وبها وجن سيا ط آ وس طقة ومن نية لاتي كا ال مري أ يىى˜  لكار حر ا الب حراء لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ ى كىر˜ ال سيا يانو أوق وب وجن سيا ب آ جنو قها سرž على الصعيد العالمي، كان ربع مرافق الرعاية الصحية يفتقر إلى خدمات المياہ الأساسية في عام 6102 الشكل 61 تغطية خدمات المياہ على الصعيدين الإقليمي والعالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) في عام 6102، كانت تقديرات خدمات المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية متاحة عن 83 بلدًا، تمثل 6.2 مليار شخص الشكل 51 التغطية ببيانات خدمات المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب المؤشر، وعدد البلدان والسكان الذين تتوفر بشأنهم بيانات (بالمليارات)، 6102 6.2 6.2 1.3 6. 6. الخدمات الاساسية )العدد = 83( محّسنة ومتاحة )العدد = 0 ( محّسنة وڡى  الميىى )العدد = 35( لا توجد خدمة )العدد = 6( أي بيانات )العدد = 37( 71 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد مصادر المياہ المحسَّ نة عادًة ما تسأل تقييمات المرافق عن نوع إمدادات المياہ الرئيسي الذي غراض العامة. و�ف ي بعض الحالت، يستخدمه مرفق الرعاية الصحية للاأ تُستخدم مصادر المياہ المختلفة لأغراض مختلفة (مثل التنظيف غراض الرصد العالمي يكون ال�ت ك�ي ف على المصدر الرئيسي . وال�ش ب)، لكن لأ وهذه المصادر تجمَّ ع �ف ي فئة المصادر المحّسنة (المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب وُحفر الس�ب أو الآبار الأنبوبية والآبار المحفورة المحمية والينابيع المحمية ومياہ الأمطار والمياہ المعبأة أو المورَّدة)، وفئة المصادر غ�ي المحّسنة (الينابيع والآبار غ�ي المحمية، والمياہ السطحية، وغ�ي ها من المصادر) وفئة «ل سش ي ء» (ل توجد مصادر المياہ). ويختلف نوع إمدادات المياہ المستخدمة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية اختلافا ًكب�ي اً ب�ي ف البلدان وداخلها (الشكل 71). تستخدم مرافق الرعاية الصحية مجموعة مختلفة من أنواع مصادر المياہ الشكل 71 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي تستخدم أنواعًا مختلفة من إمدادات المياہ، حسب مسوحات توافر الخدمة وتقييم جاهزيتها، 2102-7102(٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ غو كون ة ال وري جمه 02( 1 ية ) راط موق لدي ا 02( 31 ن ) ليو سىر ا 02( 1 ار ) يانم م 02( 61 ل ) وما لص ا 02( 21 و ) فاس ينا ورك ب 02( 21 و ) توغ 02( 31 يا ) يتان مور 02( 31  ) بىں 02( 51 ي ) بابو زم 02( 71 كا ) لان سري لا يوجد مصدر مياه أخرى مياه سطحية ينابيع وآبار غىر محمية مياه أمطار مياه معبأة ينابيع وآبار محمية آبار أنبوبية/ ُحَفر َسىر” مياه مورَّدة صنابىر عامة/ أنابيب رأسيَّة مياه منقولة بأنابيب مدمجة ڡى أرض المرفق مياه منقولة بأنابيب مدمجة ڡى المرفق 81 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما و�ف ي بعض البلدان، تستخدم نسبة عالية من مرافق الرعاية الصحية مصدر مياہ محسَّ نا،ً ولكن هذه المرافق أما تقع خارج المرفق (الشكل 81(أ)) وإما تكون المياہ غ�ي متوافرة بها (الشكل 81(ب)). فعلى سبيل المثال، استخدم 49٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي كمبوديا مصادر محّسنة �ف ي عام 6102، ولكن 55٪ فقط استخدمت مصادر محّسنة �ف ي أماكن العمل. و�ف ي العام نفسه، استخدمت نسبة تبلغ 99٪ من المرافق �ف ي هندوراس مصادر محّسنة، ولكن المياہ المتاحة من هذه المصادر المحّسنة لم تتوافر سوى لدى 85٪ فقط من المرافق. على الصعيد العالمي، استخدم 98٪ من المرافق مصادرة مياہ محسَّ نة؛ حيث كانت 87٪ �ف ي المرافق و38٪ كانت لديها مياہ متاحة �ف ي وقت التقييم. وهذا ل يوضح أهمية توف�ي البنية التحتية حيث الحاجة إليها فحسب، بل ضمان صيانتها وتشغيلها بطريقة صحيحة كذلك. معظم مرافق الرعاية الصحية لديها مصادر مياہ محّسنة، لكن عدد أقل بكثير تلبي معايير خدمات المياہ الأساسية الشكل 81 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي تتوافر بها مصادر مياہ محسَّ نة وأخرى محّسنة في المرافق (أ، العدد = 35) أو بها مصادر مياہ محسَّ نة تتوافر منها المياہ (ب، العدد = 0 )، حسب البلد (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 001 08 06 0 02 0 02 0 06 08 001 02 0 06 08 001 مصدر مياه محسَّ ن مصدر مياه محسَّ ن كمبوديا )أ( هندوراس )ب( صفر صفر تاح وم ّسن مح اه مي در مص فق لمر ڡى   ا ن حسَّ ه م ميا در مص 91 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد وح�ت عندما يتاح �ف ي مرفق الرعاية الصحية مصدر للمياہ، فقد ل تتوافر المياہ دائما ًعند الحاجة بسبب انقطاع الخدمة، وال�ت ي يمكن أن ت�ت اوح من بضع ساعات إل عدة أسابيع أو ح�ت أشهر. وقد يكون لدى مرافق الرعاية الصحية آليات لمواجهة نقص الأدوية (مخزونات الطوارئ) أو الكهرباء (المولدات الحتياطية) ولكن الأصعب تخطيط نقص المياہ والتعامل معه. وقد يكون لدى مرافق الرعاية الصحية أيضا ًمضخات ميكانيكية خاصة بها تعتمد على توافر الكهرباء. لذلك غالبا ًما يؤدي انقطاع التيار الكهربا�أ ي إل نقص المياہ. وعندما تكون المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب متقطعة، قد تستخدم مرافق الرعاية الصحية خزانات التخزين لتخزين الإ مدادات مؤقتا،ً لكن هذه الخزانات ل تصونها عادًة الجهة ال�ت ي بها إمدادات المياہ ويمكن أن تتلوث بسهولة. وتشمل اس�ت اتيجيات التخفيف الأخرى جمع مياہ الأمطار، واستخدام مصادر أخرى، واستخدام الألواح الشمسية لضمان إمكانية التعويل على إمدادات الطاقة لستخدامها �ف ي مضخات المياہ. 02 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي بها إمدادات مياہ عاملة (باستثناء المستشفيات) المصادر المشمولة البلد المصدر السنة السؤال هل ُيستخدم المصدر دائمًا؟ إذا كانت الإجابة الكل 86٪ نعم لا، ففي كم شهرًا يمكنكم الحصول على المياہ؟ مسح تقديم الرعاية 002 الطارئة في الولادة ولحديثي الميلاد أفغانستان خدمات المياہ المتوافرة دائمًا وبكميات الكل 57٪ لا تكفي لجميع الاستخدامات. المياہ متوافرة دائمًا بكميات كافية لجميع الاستخدامات. جزر القمر التقييم الوطني 8102 هل مصدر مياہ المرفق هذا يختلف باختلاف الكل 85٪ نعم الموسم؟ مسح تقييم تقديم 002 الخدمة مصر منظمة الصحة 7102 هل المياہ متوافرة في وقت المسح؟ الكل 67٪ نعم للبلدان الأمريكية هندوراس 6 ٪ 5 يومًا أو أقل مع انقطاع لمدة ساعتين أو أكثر إمداد بواسطة الأنابيب فقط عندما تفتح الصنبور في المركز، هل يخرج الماء؟ غينيا بيساو التقييم الوطني 7102 خلال الـ 3 أشهر الماضية، كم مرة انقطعت الكل 06٪ نعم إمدادات المياہ من هذا المصدر لأكثر من ساعتين في المرة الواحدة؟ مؤشرات إيصال 2102 الخدمات كينيا هل يوجد في المرفق إمدادات مياہ شرب الكل 38٪ لم نقض يومًا دون خدمة ُيعوَّ ل عليها لمدة 81 ساعة/ يومًا؟ مسح المرافق 1102 الصحية ليسوتو في الشهر الماضي، كم يومًا قضيتموه دون الكل 17٪ لا خدمة مياہ؟ المسح الوطني 2002 لمستويات معيشة الأسر المكسيك ٪ من مصادر المياہ متاحة في يوم الزيارة إمداد بواسطة الأنابيب فقط اليوم، هل ُقطعت إمدادات المياہ لمدة ساعتين أو أكثر؟ مسح رصد الأداء 8102 والمساءلة النيجر ما مصدر المياہ الأكثر استخداما للمرفق في الكل 75٪ لا هذا الوقت؟ (لاحظ أن المياہ متوافرة من المصدر أو في المرفق في يوم الزيارة، من قبيل التحقق من أن الأنابيب تعمل). مسح توافر الخدمة 7102 وتقييم جاهزيتها سري لانكا هل هناك وقت في السنة يحدث فيه نقص الكل 18٪ 8 ساعة أو أكثر حاد أو انقطاع في المياہ في هذا المرفق؟ مشروع الإتاحة 2102 وعنق الزجاجة والتكلفة والإنصاف أوغندا كم ساعة في الأسبوع يحصل فيها المرفق الكل (05٪ من الوقت) الصحي على خدمة المياہ؟ مؤسسة رؤية 102 العالم الدولية أوغندا المياہ 73٪* الجارية فقط هل هذا المرفق مزود بمياہ جارية اليوم؟ (حدد في حالة المياہ الجارية فقط). إذا كان الماء منقطعًا لأكثر من ساعتين اليوم، َضع "لا".) مسح رصد الأداء 5102 والمساءلة أوغندا * البيانات غير مستخدمة لحساب التقديرات الجدول 5 الأسئلة المستخدمة لتقييم توافر المياہ في تقييمات المرافق (انظر ملفات البلدان التي أعدها البرنامج المشترك لرصد إمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة للحصول على قائمة كاملة بمصادر البيانات الوطنية) تستخدم المسوح المختلفة مقاييس مختلفة للتوافر الإطار 3 مقاييس توافر المياہ تقيس المسوح ومصادر البيانات المختلفة مدى توافر المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية بطرق مختلفة (الجدول 5). وتجمع بعض أدوات جمع البيانات معلومات عن وجود إمدادات المياہ ولكنها لا تسجل عملها في وقت التقييم من عدمه. ويوصي برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة بأن تتضمن المسوحات سؤاًلا من قبيل: "هل المياہ متوافرة من مصدر المياہ الرئيسي في وقت المسح؟". وثمة حاجة إلى مزيد من العمل لمواءمة التعاريف المستخدمة في مصادر البيانات الوطنية للتمكين من عقد المقارنات بين البلدان. 12 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد تختلف تغطية المياہ الأساسية على نطاق واسع بين البلدان الشكل 1 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بخدمات المياہ الأساسية، حسب البلد ومنطقة أهداف التنمية المستدامة، 6102 (٪) 00108060 020 03 12 13 73 0 6 05 75 85 56 66 17 37 7 7 18 18 6 85 58 07 15 08 1 55 07 7 001 001 6 001 001 001 001 001 001 16 جزر القمر إثيوبيا أوغندا الكونغو زمبابوي السنغال نيجىر
يا كوت ديفوار توغو جمهورية تىرƒ ƒ انيا المتحدة كينيا غانا بوروندي بىںƒ ƒ بوركينا فاسو موريتانيا زمبابوي بىر
و هندوراس باراغواي فييت نام إندونيسيا الصىں
ƒ ملديف بنغلادش سىر
لانكا لبنان أرمينيا أذربيجان الكويت بابوا غينيا الجديدة صربيا أندورا تشيكيا إستونيا ليتوانيا الجبل الا›سود سان مارينو أوقيانوسيا أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكىر¢ ى سر¦ ق آسيا وجنوب سر¦ قها وسط آسيا وجنوبها شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريىى¢
أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 22 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما مؤشرات إضافية لرصد المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يجب على كل حكومة وضع ما يخصها من معاي�ي تتعلق بإمدادات المياہ �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية واستحداث برامج لتحس�ي ف الخدمات عند الصرف ورة. ويمثل مؤ�ش خدمة المياہ الأساسية نقطة انطلاق مفيدة ولكنه ل يتضمن العديد من الجوانب المهمة �ف ي إمدادات المياہ مثل الجودة والستمرارية الكفاية.32 وقد استو�في بالفعل، �في العديد من مرافق الرعاية ساسي ولكن خدمات المياہ لتزال بحاجة إل الصحية مستوى الخدمة الأ التحس�ي ف . وقد تنظر البلدان �ف ي مؤ�ش ات إضافية تتوافق مع مستويات الخدمة الأك�ش تقدما ًوفقا ًلأولوياتها والموارد المتاحة لديها. ويقدم القسم التالي أمثلة توضيحية، ولكنها ليست شاملة، للمؤ�ش ات الإ ضافية ال�ت ي تتبعها البلدان. المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب من الناحية المثالية، ينبغي أن يكون لدى جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية، ولسيما المستشفيات، 2 إمدادات مستمرة من المياہ المنقولة بالأ نابيب، لكن هذا المستوى من الخدمة طموح للغاية �ف ي بعض البلدان. و�ف ي جميع مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة ال�ت ي لديها بيانات، انتهى تقييم واحد على الأقل إل أن أقل من 06٪ من المستشفيات لديها مياہ منقولة بالأنابيب إل المب�ف أو المجمع، وانتهى تقييم واحد على الأقل إل أن أقل من 52٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الأخرى المزودة بمياہ منقولة بالأنابيب (الشكل 02). جودة المياہ يمكن أن تكون إمدادات المياہ ملوثة سواء كانت المياہ منقولة بالأنابيب نابيب. وينبغي أن تفي المياہ المتاحة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية أم غ�ي منقولة بالأ الصحية بالمعاي�ي الوطنية المناسبة أو القيم التوجيهية الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالمية52 ولكن الحصول على خدمة المياہ الأ ساسية ل يع�ف ي بالصرف ورة الوفاء بمعاي�ي جودة المياہ. فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن أك�ش من نصف المستشفيات �ف ي بوتان، كانت بها خدمة المياہ الأساسية �ف ي عام 6102، كانت المياہ مأمونة �ف ي 95٪ فقط من تلك المستشفيات (الشكل 12). وانتهى تقييم أُجري �ف ي عام 6102 على مراكز الصحة العمومية �ف ي لبنان 32 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. خرى �في الفصل 8: أوجه عدم المساواة. 42 راجع مناقشة الفروق ب�يف المستشفيات وأنواع مرافق الرعاية الصحية الأ 52 -gniknird /snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,7102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,mudnedda tsrif eht gnitaroprocni .de ht4 ,ytilauQ retaW-gniknirD rof senilediuG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ne/mudnedda-ts1-gnidulcni-4-senilediug-ytilauq-retaw>. 62 بما �في ذلك القولونيات ال�بازية، والزائفة الزنجارية، والمواد الكيميائية السامة. ساسية ولكن المياہ �ف ي ربع هذه إل أن 16٪ من المرافق بها خدمة المياہ الأ المرافق بها ملوثات برازية. وأك�ش من نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي بها مصادر مياہ غ�ي محّسنة (ل توجد خدمة) بها مياہ ملوثة بال�ب از. ولم يكن �ف ي الوسع جمع بيانات عن جودة المياہ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بخدمات محدودة �ف ي بوتان أو لبنان لعدم وجود مياہ بها �ف ي وقت التقييم. ويمكن أيضا ًأن تكون المياہ ملوثة داخل شبكة المستشفيات. و�ف ي كوستاريكا، حيث كانت جميع المستشفيات مزودة بإمدادات المياہ نابيب �ف ي عام 7102، كان 3٪ من المياہ الداخلة إل المرفق ل المنقولة بالأ تفي بالمعاي�ي الوطنية لمياہ ال�ش ب،62 �في ح�يف أن واحداً من ب�يف كل ثمانية كان مزوداً بإمدادات مياہ منقولة بالأنابيب داخل المستشفيات ل تفي بالمعاي�ي (الشكل 22). ويسلط هذا الضوء أيضا ًعلى أهمية مكان (وزمان) جمع عينات المياہ للاختبار. 001 08 06 0 02 0 المستشفيات مرافق الرعاية الصحية الاخرى ى كىر ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ يىى  لكار ة وا تيني اللا يكا أمر الية شم كا ال مري ا وأ وروب أ سيا يانو أوق قها سرˆ وب وجن سيا ق آ سرˆ وبها وجن سيا ط آ وس تتوفر المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب في المستشفيات على نطاق أوسع من نطاق توافرها في مرافق الرعاية الصحية الشكل 02 إمدادات المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب في المستشفيات وغيرها من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، مسوح فردية من 05 بلدًا لديها بيانات، 0102-8102 (٪) 32 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد الشكل 12 نسبة المرافق التي تحتوي على المياہ والتي تلبي المعايير الوطنية لجودة المياہ للإشريكية القولونية في بوتان (6102، العدد = 82 مستشفى)72 ولبنان (6102، العدد = 661 مركز صحة عمومية)82 (٪) 72 6102 ,natuhB ,uhpmihT ,noisiviD gnireenignE htlaeH cilbuP ,natuhB fo slatipsoh ni sutatS :seitilicaF eraC htlaeH ni eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,retaW gnidnatsrednU ,htlaeH fo yrtsiniM, <fdp.6102-tropeR-FCH-NI-HSAW/stnemucod/gro.fchnihsaw.www>. 82 .7102 rebmevoN ni FECINU ot dettimbus troper ,nonabeL ni sertneC htlaeH cilbuP ni HSAW ,sevitanretlA elbaniatsuS. 92 fdp.lortnoc-allenoigeL-senilediuG/eliF$/D7E9F1000FB752AC623F9CE14E75B21A/tnetnoc/fsn.gnihsilbup/niam/tenretni/ua.vog.htlaeh.www> ,5102 ,arrebnaC ,tnemnrevoG nailartsuA>. 03 sodalliratnaclA y sotcudeucA ed esnecirratsoC otutitsnI ,7102 oña la aciR atsoC ed dulas ed sortnec ne onamuh emusnoc arap auga led dadilac al ed nóicamitsE ,RP ,orravaN dna MD ,odaravlA seitilicaF eraC degA dna htlaeH ni smetsyS noitubirtsiD retaW fo ecnanetniaM dna noitarepO eht ni lortnoC allenoigeL rof senilediuG ,htlaeHne.7102 ,saugA ed lanoicaN oirotarobaL يمكن أن تساعد خطط مأمونية المياہ المرافق على تخفيف المخاطر المحدقة بجودة المياہ، عن طريق تنفيذ المعالجة القائمة �ف ي الموقع على سبيل المثال. ويمكن أيضا ًالتعرف على خطط مأمونية المياہ عن طريق رموز السباكة ال�ت ي تساعد على منع التلوث المتبادل والُممِرضات مثل الفيلقية وال�ت ي يمكن أن ت�ت عرع �ف ي الأغشية الحيوية داخل نظم التوزيع. 2 الشكل 22 نسبة إمدادات المستشفيات في كوستاريكا بالمياہ التي استوفت المعايير الوطنية لجودة المياہ فيما يخص الملوثات البرازية والكيميائية السامة (٪) 03 مرافق الرعاية الصحية ذات خدمات المياہ الأساسية لا تفي دائمًا بالمعايير الوطنية لجودة المياہ L2 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 733 62 75 21 5 1 5 3 7 12 11 7 16 ■ لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية >1 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا/ 001 مليلىر 1-01 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا/ 001 مليلىر 11–001 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر < = 1 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر < 001 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر بوتان لبنان 7 3 88 21 ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 وجود إمدادات0 داخل المستشفى دخول المياه المستشفى )٪( ت فيا تش مس ة ال سب ن لم تستوف المعايىر استوفت المعايىر قد تكون المياہ مأمونة في نقطة التوصيل، ثم تتلوث داخل شبكة المستشفى 42 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ه ت الميا خدما استمرارية المياہ همية �ف ي المرافق الصحية، خاصة استمرارية الإ مداد بالمياہ أمر بالغ الأ بالنسبة للرعاية �ف ي حالت الطوارئ والولدة، ولكنها ل تتوافر دائما ً�ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي توفر خدمات المياہ الأساسية. ويصنف برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة المرافق ال�ت ي تبّلغ عن توافر المياہ �ف ي معظم الوقت (على سبيل المثال، سبوع أو 51 يوما ً�ف ي ما ل يقل عن 21 ساعة �ف ي اليوم، أو أربعة أيام �ف ي الأ الشهر) �ف ي خانة المرافق ذات مياہ متوافرة (الإ طار 3). فعلى سبيل المثال، انتهى مسح أُجري �ف ي ب�ي و إل أن 6٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية مزودة خدمات مياہ أساسية مع توافر الإ مداد من 21 إل 32 ساعة، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن 72٪ مزودة بخدمات محدودة نظراً إل أن إمدادات المياہ كانت متاحة لمدة تقل عن 21 ساعة �ف ي اليوم أو بسبب عدم الإ بلاغ عنها (الشكل 32). و�ف ي أوغندا، عانت نسبة بلغت 09٪ من المرافق من انقطاع المياہ لمدة ساعت�ي ف أو أك�ش �ف ي 51 يوما ًأو أقل �ف ي الشهر السابق، وصنفت �ف ي خانة المرافق ذات المياہ المتوافرة؛ وتمتعت نسبة بلغت 07٪ منها بالمياہ غ�ي المنقطعة كل يوم خلال الشهر السابق. وعانت نسبة بلغت 2٪ فقط من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي كينيا من انقطاع المياہ لمدة ساعت�ي ف أو أك�ش �ف ي 54 يوما ًأو أك�ش خلال الـ 09 يوما ًالسابقة؛ وأبلغت نسبة بلغت 07٪ عن عدم حدوث أي انقطاع من هذا القبيل على مدار التسع�ي ف يوما ًالسابقة. ويوضح الشكل 32 أن مدة انقطاع الخدمة والتأث�ي المرتبط بها على جودة الرعاية الصحية المقدمة يختلفان اختلافا ًكب�ي اً ب�ي ف البلدان وداخلها. في بيرو وأوغندا وكينيا، لم يكن لدى حوالي ثلث المرافق إمدادات مياہ مستمرة الشكل 32 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوفر فيها مياہ خلال فترة متوسطها 2 ساعة في بيرو (منظمة الصحة العالمية، 7102) ودون مياہ لساعتين أو أكثر في اليوم خلال الثلاثين يومًا السابقة في أوغندا (IDS, 3102) والـ 0 يومًا السابقة في كينيا (IDS، 2102) (٪) ■ 6–1■ 81–31■ ■ ■ 21–7■ ■ 7–1■ 22–61■ ■ ■ 51–8■ ■ 02–1■ 06–6 ■ ■ ■ 5 –12■ منقطعة أقل من 1 ساعة دون ساعات انقطاع بىر و )العدد = 2 1( منقطعة أقل من 22 يوم دون ساعات انقطاع أوغندا )العدد = 10 ( منقطعة أقل من 06 ساعة دون ساعات انقطاع كينيا )العدد = 2 ( 52 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ه ميا ت ال ما خد ثمة حاجة إل كميات كب�ي ة من المياہ لتوف�ي رعاية جيدة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وعلى الرغم من أن المبادئ التوجيهية المعيارية متوافرة (الجدول 6) وينبغي مراعاتها عند تصميم مرافق الرعاية الصحية، فغالبا ً ما يكون من غ�ي العملىي رصد الكميات الفعلية على المستوى الإجمالي . وقد رصد عدد قليل من الدول كفاية المياہ بناًء على وجهات نظر عامل الرعاية الصحية. ويمكن أن يساعد تخزين المياہ �ف ي التخفيف من ف�ت ات النقطاع القص�ي ة الأجل، وأن يسد النقص الموسمي وأن يعزز القدرة على التكيف مع تغ�ي المناخ، ولكن قدرات التخزين ل تكفي دائما.ً فعلى سبيل المثال، كان لدى 28٪ من المستشفيات �ف ي بوتان خزان لتخزين المياہ �ف ي عام 6102، لكن 93٪ من المرافق واجهت نقصا ًحاداً أو انقطاعا ًتاما ً�ف ي المياہ كل عام. و�ف ي كمبوديا، كان لدى 87٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية خزان تخزين �ف ي عام 0102، لكن أك�ش من نصفها (15٪) لم يكن مزوداً بمياہ كافية على مدار العام. و�ف ي الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة، اعتمدت 51٪ من المرافق على ي عام 4102، إما كمصدر رئيسي وإما لتكملة إمدادات المياہ المخزنة �ف المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب. مياہ الشرب دوية) والتعا�ف ي استهلاك المياہ جزء مهم من العلاج الط�ب ي (مثل تناول الأ والحفاظ على الصحة. فالمياہ تحمل المواد الغذائية إل الخلايا وتحمي الأعضاء وتساعد على التخلص من الفضلات. والنساء، على وجه التحديد، قد يحتجن إل كميات كب�ي ة 13 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. من مياہ ال�ش ب أثناء الولدة وأثناء الرضاعة الطبيعية. ويجب أن توفر مرافق الرعاية الصحية، وخاصة تلك ال�ت ي توفر خدمات للمرصىف المقيم�ي ف بها، كميات كافية من مياہ ال�ش ب المأمونة للمرصىف والعامل�ي ف والزوار، ولكن هذا ليس هو الحال دائما.ً فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي بنغلاديش، كان لدى 97٪ من المستشفيات مصدر محسَّ ن للمياہ بداخلها للاستخدام العام، لكن كان لدى 95٪ فقط مياہ �ش ب للمرصىف والعامل�ي ف من مصدر مشابه (الشكل 42). الكمية المشترط توافرها من المياہ كحد أدنى مرافق الرعاية الصحية العيادات الخارجية 5 لترات/ الاستشارة أجنحة المرضى المقيمين 0 -06 لتر/ مريض/ يوم مركز التغذية العلاجية 06 لتر/ مريض/ يوم للمرضى المقيمين مركز علاج الكوليرا 06 لترا/ مريض/ يوم مركز عزل المصابين بأمراض 001 لتر/ مريض/ يوم الجهاز التنفسي الحادة الوخيمة غرفة العمليات أو وحدة صحة 001 لتر/ تدخل الأم مركز عزل المصابين بالحمى 003-00 لتر/ مريض/ يوم الفيروسية النزفية الجدول 6 الحد الأدنى من كميات المياہ التي يشترط توافرها في مرافق الرعاية الصحية13 كان لدى عدد مستشفيات أقل في بنغلاديش مياہ شرب متوافرة للمرضى والعاملين مقارنًة بالمياہ المتوافرة للاستخدام العام الشكل 2 نسبة المستشفيات في بنغلاديش التي تتوافر بها مياہ للاستخدام العام ومياہ شرب للمرضى والعاملين حسب نوع المرفق وموقعه (مسح البيانات الأساسية الوطني للنظافة العامة، 102، العدد = 578) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 001 7 7 87 5 6 67 5 أي مصدر مياه مصدر مياه محسَّ ن مصدر موجود بالداخل مياه الاستخدام العام مياه السر
ب المخصصة للعاملىں مياه السر
ب المخصصة للمرصى 62 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما خدمات الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية من حق من حقوق الإ نسان. وخدمات الإصحاح �ف ي مرافق الإصحاح الآ الرعاية الصحية صرف ورية لتقديم رعاية عالية الجودة تعمل على تعزيز الصحة والعافية وتصون الكرامة للمرصىف والعامل�ي ف وتحسن الحصائل الصحية. ويمكن أن يؤدي عدم كفاية الإصحاح �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية شخاص الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي يحتاجون إليها، ويمكن أن إل عدم طلب الأ تقلل من رضا العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية. وقد يكون لدى المرصىف قدرة محدودة على الحركة أو يحتاجون إل بنية تحتية ُمكيَّفة لتسهيل استخدامهم الآمن والمريح للمراحيض بعد الجراحة أو الولدة. وال�ب از هو المصدر الرئيسي للبكت�ي يا والف�ي وسات والطفيليات ال�ت ي تسبب أمراض الإ سهال (بما �ف ي ذلك الكول�ي ا وداء الشيغيلات) وكذلك العديد من مراض المعدية. ويُطِلق المرصىف عدد من الُممرضات �ف ي برازهم أك�ش مما الأ يطلقه الأصحاء. شخاص الذين يطلبون الحصول على الرعاية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية والأ غالبا ًما يكون لديهم ضعف �ف ي جهاز المناعة ويكونون بخاصة عرضة للعدوى عن طريق الُممِرضات ال�ب ازية. ويمكن أن يتعرض العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية لخطر التعرض للُممِرضات ال�ب ازية �ف ي مكان العمل. وللاإ دارة الصحية للفضلات �ف ي الرعاية الصحية أهمية خاصة ضمانا ًلعدم تلوث بيئة مرفق الرعاية الصحية أو المناطق المحيطة بها بالُممِرضات ال�ب ازية. ويستخدم مقياس خدمات الإصحاح لتصنيف مرافق الرعاية الصحية على أنها تقدم خدمات أساسية أو خدمات محدودة أو ل تقدمها ساسي أن تحتوي مرافق الرعاية (الشكل 52). ويستلزم مستوى الخدمة الأ الصحية على مراحيض صالحة للاستعمال، ولكن مرافق الإصحاح تلك ينبغي أيضا ًأن تكون سهلة الستخدام وتل�ب ي احتياجات أنواع مختلفة من المستخدم�ي ف : العامل�ي ف والزوار، والنساء والرجال، وذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة. ويسلط هذا الفصل الضوء أيضا ًعلى أمثلة من رصد 72 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد الإصحاح الخدمة الأساسية مرافق الصرف الصحي المحّسنة23 قابلة للاستخدام، وبها مرحاض واحد على الأقل مخصص للعاملين، ومرحاض منفصل واحد على الأقل منفصل حسب الجنس وبه وسائل نظافة خلال فترة الطمث، ومرحاض واحد على الأقل سهل الاستخدام للأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة الخدمة المحدودة يتاح مرفق إصحاح محّسن واحد على الأقل، ولكن لا تتوافر فيه جميع اشتراطات الخدمة الأساسية لا توجد خدمة مرافق المراحيض غير محّسنة (على سبيل المثال، مراحيض محفورة غير مزودة ببلاطة أو منّصة، مراحيض معّلقة، مراحيض دلائية) أو لا توجد مراحيض الشكل 52 تصنيف خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية لمرافق الرعاية الصحية جوانب مهمة من خدمات الإصحاح تتجاوز مستوى الخدمة الأساسية، مثل نظافة المراحيض ونظم معالجة الفضلات والتخلص منها، وال�ت ي ل تُرصد عالميا بسبب القيود المفروضة على البيانات. و�ف ي عام 7102، أُجري تعداد لظروف المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة ماكن العامة �ف ي لبنان (الشكل 62). وانتهى �ف ي المرافق المؤسسية والأ التقييم إل أن جميع 23 مرافق الإ صحاح المحّسنة هي تلك المصممة بحيث تحول بطريقة تحافظ على النظافة العامة دون التلامس ب�يف الفضلات الب�ش ية والب�ش . وهي تشمل تكنولوجيات الإ صحاح الرطب – مثل المراحيض ال�تي تُغسل أو تُنظف بسكب ي الحالت ال�ت ي تستخدم فيها مسوح المياہ الموصولة بشبكة صرف صحي أو صهاريج التعف�ي ف أو المراحيض المحفورة – وتكنولوجيات الإصحاح الجاف - مثل المراحيض المحفورة الجافة المزودة ببلاطة والمراحيض السمادية. و�ف المرافق الصحية المصطلح العام «المراحيض»، يصنف برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة المرافق �ف ي خانة المرافق المحسنة. 33 7102 rebmevoN ni FECINU ot dettimbus troper ,nonabeL ni sertneC htlaeH cilbuP ni HSAW ,sevitanretlA elbaniatsuS. مرافق الرعاية الصحية العامة تقريبا ً(69٪) مزودة بنوع من المرافق الصحية. ومع ذلك، فإن 38٪ فقط تتوافر بها خدمات محّسنة، بينما ي خانة المرافق ال�ت ي ل تتوافر بها خدمة إصحاح. ُصنفت الـ 81٪ الباقية �ف و�ف ي جميع مراكز الصحة العمومية المزودة بمرافق صحية محّسنة، كانت المراحيض قابلة للاستخدام، و�ف ي معظم الحالت، كانت هناك مراحيض منفصلة للنساء وللرجال وللعامل�ي ف . لكن عدداً قليلا ًنسبيا ًتوافرت به وسائل النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث، وعدداً أقل كان سهل الستخدام لذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة. ويعد مسح لبنان أحد التقييمات القليلة ال�ت ي تحتوي على بيانات على مستوى المرافق لجميع عناصر خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية، وقد انتهى إل أن 5٪ فقط من مرافق الرعاية الصحية قد استوفت جميع المعاي�ي . ومع ذلك، نظراً إل أن المعلومات المتعلقة بالعناصر المختلفة لخدمات ساسية ترد �ف ي معظم الحالت من مصادر مختلفة، فلا الإصحاح الأ يمكن دائما ًحساب مؤ�ش الخدمات الأساسية على مستوى مرفق الرعاية الصحية الفردية. ولأغراض الرصد العالمي، يحسب برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة مؤ�ش الخدمة د�ف من القيم الإجمالية لكل عنصر، وال�ت ي �ف ي الأساسية استناداً إل الحد الأ حالة لبنان هي سهولة الستخدام للاأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة، بنسبة 61٪. الشكل 62 نسبة مراكز الصحة العمومية حسب نوع ومستوى خدمات الإصحاح، لبنان، 337102 (٪) مثال على إعداد تصنيف خدمات الإصحاح: لبنان ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 6 3838 07 5 61 66 81 61 13 لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية تصنيف الخدمة محسَّ ن وملائم لمحدودي الحركة محسَّ ن وملائم للنظافةخلال فىر ة الطمث محسَّ ن ومصمم للمرأة للعاملىں„ ƒمحسَّ ن ومصمم محّسن وصالح للاستعمال أي مرفق محسَّ ن 82 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية توافرت بيانات عن نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي ل تتوافر فيها خدمات إصحاح �ف ي 56 بلدا،ً يمثل عدد سكانها 95٪ من سكان العالم، وهو ما كان كافيا ًللتوصل إل تقدير عالمي. ويمكن أيضا ًإجراء تقدير عالمي لنسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بمرافق الإصحاح المحّسن والقابل للاستخدام (84 بلدا،ً تمثل 53٪ من سكان العالم). ولكن عدداً أقل بكث�ي من البلدان لديها بيانات كافية لتقدير نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي تتوافر بها: مرافق الإصحاح المخصصة للنساء (91 بلدا،ً يبلغ عدد سكانها 5.0 مليار نسمة)؛ ومراحيض منفصلة للعامل�ي ف ومراحيض مهيأة للاأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة (كل منها لدى 71 بلداً تمثل 4.0 مليار نسمة)؛ مراحيض منفصلة ومخصصة للنساء ومزود بوسائل النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث (01 بلدان، تمثل 2.0 مليار نسمة). وكانت تقديرات خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية متاحة عن 81 بلداً فقط، تمثل 7٪ من سكان العالم (الشكل 72). لم يكن لدى أك�ش من خمسة مرافق رعاية صحية على مستوى العالم ي عام 6102 (الشكل 82)، مما يع�ف ي أنها (12٪) أي خدمات إصحاح �ف مزودة بمراحيض غ�ي محّسنة أو ل توجد بها مراحيض على الإطلاق. ويع�ف ي هذا أن أك�ش من 5.1 مليار شخص يفتقرون إل خدمات الإصحاح �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية المتاحة لهم. كانت تقديرات خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية متاحة عن 81 بلدًا، يبلغ عدد سكانها 5.0 مليار نسمة، في عام 6102 الشكل 72 التغطية ببيانات خدمات الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب المؤشر، وعدد البلدان والسكان الذين تتوفر بشأنهم بيانات (بالمليارات)، 6102 5.0 2.0 .0 .0 5.0 .2 . . خدمات أساسية )العدد= 81( خدمة محّسنة ونظافة خلال فىر ة الطمث )العدد= 01( خدمة محّسنة وملائمة لذوي الحركة المحدودة )العدد= 71( خدمة محّسنة وملائمة للعاملىں€ ­ )العدد= 71( خدمة محّسنة ومفصولة حسب الجنس )العدد= 91( خدمة محّسنة وقابلة للاستخدام )العدد= 84( لا توجد خدمات )العدد= 56( أي بيانات )العدد= 07( 92 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد ل توجد لدى أربع من مناطق من أهداف التنمية المستدامة تقديرات لعدم توافر خدمة الإصحاح، ت�ت اوح ب�ي ف 5٪ �ف ي �ش ق آسيا وجنوب �ش قها إل 04٪ �ف ي وسط آسيا وجنوبها. و�ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى (المنطقة الوحيدة من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة ال�ت ي لديها تقديرات للخدمات الأساسية) كان أقل من مرفق واحد من كل أربعة مرافق للرعاية الصحية (32٪) مزودا ًبخدمات أساسية. ولم تتوافر أي بيانات كافية لإجراء أي تقديرات إقليمية لمناطق التنمية المستدامة الأربعة الأخرى. تباينت تغطية خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية على نطاق واسع ب�ي ف البلدان الثمانية ع�ش مع توافر تقديرات �ف ي عام 6102 (الشكل 92). و�ف ي ع�ش ة من تلك البلدان، كان لدى أقل من مرفق واحد من كل أربعة مرافق للرعاية الصحية خدمات إصحاح أساسية. على الصعيد العالمي، لم تحصل 12٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية على خدمات الإصحاح في عام 6102 الشكل 82 خدمات الإصحاح الإقليمية والعالمية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 32 1 2 5 0 1212 5 1 2 23 8 001 08 06 0 02 ■ ■ ■ ■ الم الع مية النا ىر ة صغ ة ال زري الج ول الد حلية لسا ىر ا ة غ نامي ن ال لدا الب موًا =ن دان البل قل أ سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما يىى…  لكار ة وا تيني اللا يكا أمر روبا وأو لية شما كا ال مري أ ندا وزيل وني اليا سىر Ž ا وبها وجن سيا ط آ وس سيا يانو أوق قها سر” وب وجن سيا ق آ سر” ى كىر… ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية البيانات غىر كافية صفر كانت تقديرات خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية متاحة عن 81 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 2 خدمات الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية بين البلدان مع تقديرات للخدمات الأساسية في عام 6102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 5 001 58 37 5 8 1 62 5721215161 71 123 5 51 272 71 25 1 0 26 8121 66 58 1 7 7 01 38 6 38 2 37 5 لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية س ورا هند قمر ر ال جز يا بىر لي دة تح الم نيا تىر ا ية هور و جم بىر ندا أوغ يا جىر ني يف نان ملد لب وي مباب ز واي راغ با ينيا أرم جان ربي آذ وبيا إثي صربيا سود الا Š بل لج ا كيا شي ت يت كو ال 03 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما الخدمة المحسنَّ ة والقابلة للاستخدام جزء من تعريف خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية هو أن يكون بمرافق الرعاية الصحية مرافق إصحاح محّسنة وقابلة للاستخدام. وقد ُصممت المرافق «المحّسنة» بحيث تحول بطريقة تحافظ على النظافة العامة دون التلامس ب�ي ف الفضلات الب�ش ية والب�ش . وتشمل المرافق المحسَّ نة كلا ًمن النظم الرطبة (المراحيض ال�ت ي تُغسل/ تُنظف بسكب المياہ الموصولة بشبكة أنابيب الصرف الصحي، أو صهاريج التعف�ي ف أو المراحيض المحفورة) والنظم الجافة (المراحيض المحسَّ نة المهواة، أو المراحيض المحفورة المحسَّ نة أو المراحيض المحفورة الجافة المزودة ببلاطة والمراحيض السمادية). 3وتشمل المرافق «غ�ي المحسَّ نة» المراحيض المحفورة غ�ي المزودة ببلاطات أو منصَّ ة، والمراحيض المعلقة والمراحيض الدلئية. وتختلف تقنيات الإصحاح اختلافا ًواسع النطاق ب�ي ف البلدان (الشكل 03). ففي السنغال، يوجد لدى معظم مرافق الرعاية الصحية أنظمة تعتمد على الماء مع وجود صهاريج تعف�ي ف �ف ي الموقع، بينما توجد �ف ي بنغلاديش نسب متساوية تقريبا ًمن مرافق الرعاية الصحية الموصلة بشبكة الصرف ي هاي�ت ي وملاوي الصحي وصهاريج التعف�ي ف والُحفر. و�ف ي المقابل، �ف وجمهورية ت�ف ف انيا المتحدة، المراحيض الجافة أك�ش شيوعا.ً نواع المختلفة لمرافق الإ صحاح المحّسنة، انظر صحيفة الوقائع �في المصدر التالي : 43 للاطلاع على مزيد من المعلومات والتوضيحات حول الأ ne/htlaeh-dna-noitatinas-no-senilediug/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,htlaeH dna noitatinaS no senilediuG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. 53 8102 ,akahD ,knaB dlroW dna (OAF) noitazinagrO erutlucirgA dna dooF ,scinilC htlaeH ytinummoC s’hsedalgnaB ni eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,retaW ,.la te ,K malsI ,BB malA ,G hpesoJ. و�ف ي بعض الأحيان، تحتوي مرافق الرعاية الصحية على مراحيض، لكنها تكون غ�ي قابلة للاستخدام. وكي تكون صالحة للاستخدام، يجب أن تكون المراحيض متاحة وغ�ي معطلة وتتيح الخصوصية. وقد تكون المراحيض موجودة ولكنها غ�ي متاحة للمرصىف والعامل�ي ف إذا كانت موجودة خارج المرفق أو إذا كانت مقفلة والمفتاح غ�ي متوفر دائما.ً وقد تكون المراحيض معطلة؛ وقد يكون صرف المرحاض أو فتحة قضاء الحاجة فيه مسدودة أو طافحة، أو قد يكون هيكل المرحاض م�ش وخا ًأو م�با.ً وتكون المراحيض ال�ت ي تُغسل/ تُنظف بسكب المياہ معطلة إذا كانت المياہ غ�ي متوافرة. ويمكن اعتبار المراحيض غ�ي صالحة للاستعمال عندما ل تستطيع توف�ي بواب القابلة للاإ غلاق ال�ت ي يُمكن قفلها من الخصوصية باستخدام الأ الداخل، وعدم وجود فجوات أو ثقوب كب�ي ة �ف ي الجدران. ويوضح الشكل 13 أن معظم مرافق الرعاية الصحية بها مراحيض محّسنة، لكنها غ�ي قابلة للاستخدام دائما.ً فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي بنغلاديش، توصل تقييم وط�ف ي أُجري �ف ي عام 7102 53إل أن 99٪ من العيادات المجتمعية أبلغت بوجود مرحاض واحد على الأقل، ولكن نسبة بلغت أك�ش من 82٪ منها أبلغت بعدم وجود مرحاض صالح للعمل. ي الُم�ف ي إل ما يتجاوز مجرد إنشاء البنية ويوضح هذا التحدي المتمثل �ف التحتية للاإصحاح �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية وضمان صيانة المراحيض ح�ت يتمكن المرصىف والموظفون من استخدامها عند الحاجة. تختلف تقنيات الإصحاح المستخدمة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية على نطاق واسع بين البلدان الشكل 03 البنية التحتية للإصحاح المستخدمة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، مسوحات تقييم تقديم خدمة مختارة، 3102–7102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 صفر ■ ■ ■ لا يوجد رد لا توجد مرافق مراحيض معلقة/ مراحيض حفرية مراحيض دلائية مراحيض حفرية غىر مزودة ببلاطات/ ُحفر مفتوحة صرف مفتوح مراحيض حفرية مهواة محسَّ نة ُحفر مزدوجة مزودة ببلاطات مراحيض سمادية مراحيض حفرية مزودة ببلاطات رحض ڡىŽ  اتجاه غىر معلوم رحض ڡىŽ  اتجاه حفرة رحض ڡىŽ  اتجاه صهاريج تعفىں Ž رحض ڡىŽ  اتجاه نظام صرف صحي منقول بالا—نابيب السنغال )7102( جمهورية تىرŽ Ž انيا المتحدة )5102( هايىى¡  )3102( ملاوي )4102( بنغلاديش )4102( 13 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد يتجاوز مستوى خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية مجرد وجود مراحيض صالحة للاستعمال، إل ضمان توافر المراحيض لأنواع مختلفة من المستخدم�ي ف . ينبغي أن يُخصص للعامل�ي ن �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية مراحيض معينة لتقليل خطر العدوى، خاصة أثناء فاشيات الأمراض. ينبغي أن يكون �ف ي وسع النساء والرجال استخدام المراحيض مع التمتع بالخصوصية. ويتحقق ذلك عادًة من خلال وجود مراحيض منفصلة للنساء والرجال. ومع ذلك، تعت�ب الغرفة المحايدة جنسانيا،ً ي المرافق الصغ�ي ة ال�ت ي بها مرحاض خاص واحد، غرفة وخصوصا ً�ف منفصلة حسب الجنس، لأنها تسمح للنساء والرجال باستخدام المرحاض بخصوصية وعلى نحو منفصل. ينبغي أن توفر المراحيض المتاحة للنساء والفتيات أيضا ًوسائل النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث. وينبغي أن يكون بها صندوق بغطاء للتخلص من منتجات النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث المستخدمة، وأن تتاح بها المياہ والصابون �ف ي مساحة غسل توفر الخصوصية. المراحيض المحّسنة ليست صالحة للاستخدام دائمًا الشكل 13 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي بها إصحاح محسَّ ن وقابل للاستخدام، بين البلدان التي لديها بيانات عنها في عام 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 mI rp vo de a dn u as lb e af ic til ei s صفر 02 0 06 08 001 مرافق الاصحاح المحّسنة 23 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما ينبغي أن تتاح المراحيض للمرصىف ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة، وفقا ًللمعاي�ي الوطنية. و�ف ي حالة عدم وجود معاي�ي وطنية، ينبغي أن تتاح المراحيض دون سلالم أو درجات، وينبغي أن يكون لها باب بعرض 08 سم على الأقل، ويجب أن يكون بها درابزين أو أدلة أخرى متصلة بالأرضية أو الجدران الجانبية. وينبغي أن يكون مقبض الباب والمقعد �ف ي متناول الأشخاص الذين يستخدمون الكراسي المتحركة أو العكازات/ الع�ي . ولستيفاء معاي�ي خدمة الإصحاح الأساسية، يجب أن يكون لدى مرفق الرعاية الصحية مرحاضان على الأقل: أحدهما مخصص للعامل�ي ف ، خر محايد جنسانيا ًللمريضات اللا�أ ي تتاح لهن وسائل النظافة خلال والآ ف�ت ة الطمث وينبغي أن يكون سهل الستخدام للاأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة. ول تجمع العديد من البلدان حاليا ًمعلومات عن جميع عناصر خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية (الشكل 23). ولتحقيق أق� استفادة من البيانات المتاحة، �ف ي إطار إعداد هذا التقرير أجرى برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة تقديرات لخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية عندما توافرت بيانات عن المراحيض المحّسنة والقابلة للاستخدام، واثنان على الأقل من العناصر الأربعة المتبقية (مراحيض العامل�ي ف ، والمراحيض المنفصلة حسب الجنس، ومراحيض النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث، ومراحيض الأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة). ونظراً إل أن هذه العناصر قد تأ�ت ي من مصادر بيانات مختلفة، يُحسب ساسي كحد أد�ف من القيم الإجمالية المتاحة. مستوى الخدمة الأ ويختلف هذا العامل المقيد من بلد إل آخر؛ ومن أك�ش أشكاله شيوعا ً اتاحة المراحيض السهلة الستخدام للاأشخاص ذوو القدرة المحدودة على الحركة بأد�ف مستويات الإ تاحة، لكن �ف ي مالديف، كانت المراحيض المنفصلة حسب الجنس أقل شيوعا.ً وغالبا ًما تكون البيانات المتعلقة بوسائل النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث غ�ي متاحة، ولكن �ف ي جزر القمر، كان هذا هو العامل المحدد. و�ف ي أذربيجان وتشيكيا وإثيوبيا وباراغواي، لم تكن البيانات متاحة حول سهولة استخدام المراحيض للمستخدم�ي ف ذوي ساسية �ف ي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة؛ ربما ُقدرت التغطية بالخدمة الأ تلك البلدان بما يجاوز حقيقة قدرها. لم يكن لدى العديد من البلدان بيانات عن جميع عناصر خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية في عام 6102 الشكل 23 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي تحتوي على عناصر الإصحاح الأساسية بين البلدان مع إجراء التقديرات في عام 6102 (٪) أساسي ومهيأ لذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة وبه وسائل نظافة خلال فترة الطمث ومنفصل حسب الجنس ومخصص للعاملين وقابل البلد المرفق محسَّ ن للاستخدام الكويت 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 تشيكيا 001 001 001 8 5 5 - 5 الجبل الأسود 001 001 001 001 001 001 58 58 صربيا 001 001 001 001 001 37 37 37 إثيوبيا 6 67 67 17 5 - - 5 آذربيجان 001 001 8 8 001 001 - 8 أرمينيا - 18 26 78 2 2 1 1 باراغواي 001 88 36 13 62 - - 62 زمبابوي 001 001 27 8 7 23 71 71 لبنان 6 38 38 07 5 13 61 61 ملديف 001 001 08 51 03 75 51 نيجيريا 8 5 6 - 13 21 21 أوغندا 001 1 88 - 82 - 21 21 بيرو 7 0 38 68 6 - 7 7 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة 15 15 5 63 - 5 5 ليبيريا 67 67 67 13 5 - 3 3 جزر القمر - 15 83 3 2 7 2 هندوراس 001 6 8 87 07 - 1 1 33 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد كانت تقديرات الإصحاح المحسَّ ن متاحة عن 56 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 33 تحسين التغطية بخدمات الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 00108060 02 28 88 0 3 6 001 001 001 001 001 1 15 15 75 5 5 37 57 67 67 67 08 38 58 68 78 88 8 1 1 1 2 3 3 5 8 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 18 38 5 001 001 001 55 2 3 3 001 8 78 5 6 7 7 8 86 جمهورية الكونغو المتحدة جزر القمر جمهورية تىر انيا المتحدة موزامبيق غينيا بيساو نيجىر يا تشاد توغو الصومال إثيوبيا ليبىر يا موريتانيا غانا سىر اليون كينيا النيجر السنغال ملاوي بىں ناميبيا جنوب السودان بوروندي زامبيا بوركينا فاسو جيبوىىƒ  الكونغو زمبابوي سيشيل الهند نيبال سري لانكا بنغلاديش ملديف بابوا غينيا الجديدة أرمينيا لبنان ليبيا الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة أذربيجان الكويت باراغوايهايىىƒ  بىر و دولة بوليفيا المتعددة القوميات هندوراس أنتيغوا وبربودا بربادوس غرينادا سانت لوسيا سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين ميانمار الفلبىں إندونيسيا فييت نام الصىں تيمور السر§ قية كمبوديا صربيا أندورا تشيكيا إستونيا ليتوانيا الجبل الاªسود سان مارينو صفر أوقيانوسيا أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكىر® ى سر§ ق آسيا وجنوب سر§ قها وسط آسيا وجنوبها شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريىى®  أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 43 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما مؤشرات إضافية لرصد الإصحاح في مرافق الرعاية الصحية كما هو الحال �ف ي خدمات المياہ، يجب على الحكومات أن تضع ما يخصها من معاي�ي تتعلق بخدمات الإصحاح �ف ي أماكن الرعاية الصحية. وتشتمل مؤ�ش ات الرصد العالمية على معاي�ي لخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية ولكنها ل تتضمن جوانب مهمة من المرافق الصحية مثل كفاية المراحيض، وإدارة حمأة ال�ب از، ونظافة المرحاض، وتفاصيل إضافية تتعلق بالنظافة ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي استو�ف ي بالفعل فيها خلال ف�ت ة الطمث. و�ف ساسي ، قد تظل خدمات الإصحاح بحاجة إل التحس�ي ف . مستوى الخدمة الأ وينبغي وضع مؤ�ش ات إضافية تقابل مستويات الخدمة الأك�ش تقدما ً ورصدها على أساس الأولويات الوطنية والموارد المتاحة. عدد المراحيض يمكن تلبية المؤ�ش العالمي المتعلق بخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية من خلال وجود ما ل يقل عن اثن�ي ف من المراحيض �ف ي العيادات الخارجية (مرحاض واحد مخصص للعامل�ي ف ومرحاض واحد محايد جنسانيا ً للمرصىف الذين لديهم وسائل نظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث وسهل الستخدام للاأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة). وقد يكون المرحاضان كافيان لمرفق رعاية صحية صغ�ي ل يوفر سوى خدمات العيادات الخارجية، ولكن المرافق الأك�ب تحتاج إل مزيد من المراحيض. وتستدعي قل لكل 02 مستخدما ً�ف ي القواعد العالمية وجود مرحاض واحد على الأ مرافق المرصىف المقيم�ي ف ، وقد أوصت بعدم وجود مرحاض على بُعد أك�ش من 03 م�ت اً من جميع المستخدم�ي ف .63 و�ف ي نيج�ي يا، كان متوسط عدد المراحيض �ف ي مرفق الرعاية الصحية أعلى �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية منه �ف ي المناطق الريفية (الشكل 43)، سواء بالنسبة لمراحيض المرصىف أو العامل�ي ف . ومع ذلك، فإن المرافق �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية أك�ب ، بمتوسط 61 عامل رعاية صحية لكل مرفق، مقارنًة بسبعة �ف ي المناطق الريفية. وصلات الصرف الصحي ترتبط العديد من المستشفيات وغ�ي ها من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الكب�ي ة، خاصة �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية، بنظم الصرف الصحي البلدية. ومن أصل 02 بلدا لديها بيانات 63 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. 73 ne/senilediug-noitatinas/noitatinas/etsaw-noitatinas/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,htlaeH dna noitatinaS no senilediuG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. عن ربط المستشفيات بشبكة الصرف الصحي، كانت جميع المستشفيات �ف ي أربعة بلدان مربوطة بها، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن أقل من نصف المستشفيات �ف ي 11 بلدا،ً وأقل من الربع �ف ي سبعة بلدان، كانت مربوطة بالصرف الصحي (الشكل 53). الإطار 4 الإصحاح ومقاومة مضادات الميكروبات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية73 وضعت منظمة الصحة العالمية مقاومة مضادات الميكروبات ضمن أشد المخاطر المحدقة بصحة الإنسان على الصعيد العالمي. فالخزانات البيئية هي أهم مصدر للجينات المقاومة للمضادات الحيوية. وتشّكل مياہ الإصحاح وحمآت البراز بمرافق الرعاية الصحية خطرًا خاصًا لأنها تحتوي على مستويات عالية من المضادات الحيوية والُممرضات المقاومة وجينات المقاومة. ويمكن أن يؤدي التغوط في العراء وتصريف المياہ المستعملة غير المعالجة والتسرب من نظم الإصحاح القائمة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية جميعها إلى إطلاق المضادات الحيوية والُممِرضات المقاومة وجينات المقاومة في الخزانات البيئية، وهو ما يؤدي بدوره إلى زيادة مقاومة مضادات الميكروبات. في نيجيريا، يوجد في مرفق الرعاية الصحية في الريف ما متوسطه مرحاض واحد للمرضى الشكل 3 متوسط عدد المراحيض في كل مرفق من مرافق الرعاية الصحية في نيجيريا (MRON HSAW, 8102) 5 3 2 1 0 ■ ■ 8.3 5. 7.1 1.1 مراحيض للمرصى مراحيض للعاملىں  مناطق حصر ية )العدد= 011( مناطق ريفية )العدد= 752( 53 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد الشكل 63 نسبة المراكز الصحية الأساسية في أفغانستان حسب طريقة التخلص من الرواسب البرازية، 002 (٪) 83 83 ni secitcarP eneigyH dna secivreS noitatinaS retaW no ydutS enilesaB rof tropeR ,(natsinahgfA fo cilbupeR cimalsI) htlaeH cilbuP fo yrtsiniM إدارة الرواسب البراز تحتاج المرافق غ�ي المربوطة بشبكة الصرف الصحي إل إدارة الفضلات ال�ت ي تجمع �ف ي النظم القائمة �ف ي الموقع، مثل صهاريج التعف�ي ف والمراحيض المحفورة. ويمكن أن توفر محطات معالجة المياہ المستعملة المتطورة القائمة �ف ي الموقع مستوى ممتازاً من المعالجة. ومع ذلك، عندما تدار الفضلات إدارة سيئة، يمكن أن تحول الفضلات الناتجة عن النظم القائمة �ف ي الموقع مرافق الرعاية الصحية إل مراكز لنتقال الأمراض، خاصة عندما تكون أمراض مثل الكول�ي ا مصدرا ًلقلق بالغ وتكون المياہ المستعملة والحمآت ال�ب ازية الناتجة عن مرافق الرعاية الصحية عرضة لحتوائها على مستويات عالية من الملوثات البيولوجية والكيميائية الخطرة، وكذلك الثمالت المضادة للميكروبات، وينبغي المتناع تماما ًعن إعادة استخدامها في 11 بلدًا من أصل 02 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كان أقل من نصف عدد المستشفيات مربوطًا بشبكة الصرف الصحي الشكل 53 نسبة المستشفيات المربوطة بالصرف الصحي، حسب البلد (3002-8102) (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 001001001001 57 6 85 3555 73 7 33 82 1222 617181 00 ندا روا دة جدي ا ال غيني بوا با غال سن ال يىى  بال ها ني وي ملا دة تح الم نيا تىر

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س غىر غندا قىر أو وتو يس ل مبيا زا ينو مار ان و س بىر رب مغ ال س ورا هند ُيستخدم معظم ناتج الحمآت البرازية المتخلفة عن المراكز الصحية الأساسية في أفغانستان كسماد 1<156 22 5 3 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ تُستخدم سماداً ترمى داخل المجمع ترمى خارج المجمع القريب ترمى ڡى
موقع آخر تدفن خارج المجمع تدفن داخل المجمع لا تفّرغ المراحيض أبداً 63 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما �ف ي الزراعة. 3 ومع ذلك، نادراً ما تُرصد الوجهة النهائية للمياہ المستعملة وحمأة ال�ب از الناتجة عن مراحيض مرافق الرعاية الصحية، و�ف ي بعض السياقات، يعاد استخدامها على نطاق واسع. وقد انتهى تقييم أُجري �ف ي أفغانستان عام 9002 إل أن ثل�ش ي المراكز الصحية الأساسية تستخدم النفايات ال�ب ازية كسماد (الشكل 63). رضا المرضى إذا شعر المرصىف أن المراحيض �ف ي مرفق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي حالة غ�ي مقبولة، فقد يتجنبون استخدامها (أو يختارون عدم زيارة المرفق على الإطلاق). ويمكن أن يؤدي هذا إل التغوط �ف ي العراء، أو حجب الأشخاص احتياجاتهم مما يؤدي إل ما يصاحب ذلك من آثار صحية مثل سلس البول وعدوى المسالك البولية. وقد كشف تقييم أُجري �ف ي عام 1102 لوجهات نظر المرصىف حول المراحيض �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي ليسوتو عن انخفاض مستويات رضا المرصىف الذين استخدموا المراحيض حسبما سباب ال�ت ي تجعل المرصىف غ�ي أبّلغ (الشكل 73). وهناك العديد من الأ راض�ي ف عن مراحيض مرفق الرعاية الصحية، مثل عدم كفاية النظافة والخصوصية وسهولة الستخدام والإضاءة وتوافر وسائل نظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث وتوافر محطات تغي�ي حفاظات الأطفال. وغالبا ًما تكون أسباب عدم الرضا خاصة بكل سياق على حدة. الشكل 73 نسبة المرضى حسب استخدام المراحيض والرضا عنها في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في ليسوتو، 1102، العدد = 36 (٪)0 93 ne/ganametsaw/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,4102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,seitivitcA erac-htlaeH morf setsaW fo tnemeganaM efaS ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. 04 1102 ,HbmG rotceS htlaeH cilbuP TUTITSNI-NOCI ,yevruS seitilicaF htlaeH ohtoseL ,TUTITSNI-NOCI. 14 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. نظافة المراحيض من المرجح أك�ش أن يستخدم المرصىف والعاملون المراحيض النظيفة ويقدرونها. وأما المراحيض غ�ي النظيفة، فيمكن أن تؤدي إل انتقال مراض ب�ي ف المستخدم�ي ف ، وخاصًة أن مستخدمي المرحاض �ف ي مرافق الأ الرعاية الصحية قد يطلقون أعداد كب�ي ة من الُممِرضات. وتصور النظافة أمر يعتمد على التقدير الذا�ت ي ، وتُقيِّم البلدان وجهات نظر المرصىف حول نظافة المرحاض بطرق مختلفة. فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي مسح عام 8102 عن رضا المرصىف �ف ي أيرلندا، أعطى المرصىف نظافة المرحاض �ف ي المستشفى 4.8 درجات من 01 درجات �ف ي المتوسط. وترصد بعض البلدان نظافة المراحيض �ف ي المرافق الصحية من خلال عدادين مدرب�ي ف (الشكل 83). ومع ذلك، تختلف تعريفات المؤ�ش ، وهناك حاجة إل مزيد من التنسيق للمقارنة ب�ي ف البلدان. فعلى سبيل المثال، صنف التقييم �ف ي الفلب�ي ف المراحيض على أنها نظيفة إذا لوحظ أنها تتسم بنظافة قاعدة المرحاض والجدران والأرضية والسقف. واعت�ب المسح الذي أجري �ف ي لبنان أن مرفق الرعاية الصحية يتضمن مراحيض نظيفة إذا لم تكن لها رائحة قوية أو أعداد كب�ي ة من الذباب أو علامات واضحة على ال�ب از. وتصنف المراحيض على أنها «نظيفة إل حد ما» إذا كان هناك بعض الرائحة و/ أو علامة على وجود براز �ف ي بعض المراحيض وليس كلها. و�ف ي المقابل، أفاد المسح الذي أُجري �ف ي نيبال أن النظافة ال�ت ي اعت�ب ت جيدة جداً أو جيدة أو مقبولة أو سيئة أو سيئة للغاية، دون مزيد من تعريف هذه الفئات. وتوصىي المعاي�ي العالمية لمرافق الرعاية الصحية بتنظيف المراحيض كلما كانت غ�ي نظيفة، وعلى الأقل مرت�ي ف يوميا،ً باستخدام المطهر والفرشاة.1 و�في لبنان، نُظفت نسبة تبلغ 18٪ من المرافق المراحيض مرت�ي ف يوميا ًعلى الأقل وكان لدى 87٪ منها مراحيض نظيفة. وقد نظف ثلثا المستشفيات �ف ي بوتان المراحيض �ف ي مرافق المرصىف المقيم�ي ف قل، بينما نظفت المراحيض �ف ي العيادات الخارجية مرت�ي ف يوميا ًعلى الأ قل �ف ي حوالي نصف المستشفيات ومناطق الستشارة مرت�ي ف يوميا ًعلى الأ وثلثها، على ال�ت تيب (الشكل 93). واستشهد تقييم عام 6102 �ف ي ت�ف ف انيا بتقارير المستخدم�ي ف الذين ل ي�ت كون المراحيض نظيفة بعد الستخدام، وسلط الضوء على الحاجة إل التثقيف والتوعية، إضافة إل التنظيف والنظافة العامة. وسائل وخدمات النظافة خلال فترة الطمث أنواع المرافق والخدمات اللازمة للتعامل مع الطمث خاصة بكل سياق على حدة. وبعض النساء تستخدم المنتجات ال�ت ي تُستخدم مرة واحدة، مثل السدادات والفوط، للتعامل مع تدفق دماء الطمث، بينما تستخدم أخرى مواد قابلة لإ عادة الستخدام، مثل الملابس أو أكواب الطمث. مراحيض مرافق الرعاية الصحية في ليسوتو ليست مقبولة دائمًا لدى المرضى ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 5356 2 6 لم أستخدم المرحاض غىر راض لم أصل إلى مستوى الرضا محايد راض إلى حد ما راض جداً 73 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ح حا ص الإ ت ما خد وينبغي أن تكون مرافق الرعاية الصحية قادرة على استيعاب المستخدمات على اختلاف أنواع تفضيلاتهن �ف ي مسألة النظافة خلال ساسي من خدمات الإصحاح ف�ت ة الطمث. ول�أ ف كان المستوى الأ يشمل وجود صندوق لمواد الطمث ال�ت ي تستخدم لمرة واحدة وتوفر مساحة خاصة تحتوي على صابون ومياہ للغسل، فبعض البلدان ترصد جوانب إضافية من النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث استناداً إل الحتياجات والأولويات المحلية. فعلى سبيل المثال، فقد زاد على ي لبنان، وال�ت ي وفرت الثلث عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية الموجودة �ف ما يلزم من خدمات أساسية من مرافق النظافة خلال ف�ت ة الطمث �ف ي عام 6102، بما �ف ي ذلك الماء والصابون، الخصوصية وصناديق مغطاة للتخلص؛ قدمت خدمات إضافية مثل التدريب على التخلص من الفوط الصحية بطريقة آمنة (الشكل 04). وانتهت دراسة أجرتها الجمعية الطبية ال�ب يطانية �ف ي عام 8102 إل أن 65٪ فقط من صناديق المستشفيات والمجالس الصحية �ف ي المملكة المتحدة توفر بشكل روتي�ف ي المنتجات الصحية للمرصىف ، وتوفر نسبة إضافية تبلغ 92٪ المنتجات �ف ي حالت الطوارئ.2 ورداً على ذلك، أشارت دائرة الصحة الوطنية �ف ي إنكل�ت ا إل أنه يتع�ي ف على المستشفيات توف�ي منتجات صحية مجانية لأي مريض يحتاج إليها بحلول صيف عام 9102. 24 /htlaeh-noitalupop -dna-cilbup/hcraeser-dna-ycilop/eciov-evitcelloc/ku.gro.amb.www> ,9102 ,nodnoL ,AMB ,9102 yraurbeF 4 ,’stneitapni rof noisivorp tcudorp yratinaS‘ ,noitaicossA lacideM hsitirB 9102 hcraM 31 dessecca ,<stneitapni-rof-noisivorp-tcudorp-yratinas. 34 8102 yraurbeF ni FECINU ot dettimbus troper yevrus lanif ,nonabeL ni sertneC htlaeH cilbuP ni HSAW ,sevitanretlA elbaniatsuS. الشكل 0 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بوسائل النظافة خلال فترة الطمث بصور مختلفة في لبنان (6102، العدد = 661) (٪)3 المراحيض في مرافق الرعاية الصحية ليست نظيفة دائمًا الشكل 83 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ذات المراحيض النظيفة، حسب البلد (تختلف التعريفات الوطنية) (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 )6102( ) 102( )2102() 102()8102( ■ ■ ■ ■ 87 71 07 61 5 02 13 3 1 53 2 3 32 6 11 61 3 1 لا توجد مراحيض غىر نظيفة نظيفة إلى حد ما نظيفة * المستشفيات فقط جمهورية نيجىر يا الفلبىں  نيبال تىر  انيا المتحدة لبنان في بوتان، ُنظفت المراحيض في كثير من الأحيان في أماكن الإقامة بالمرافق مقارنًة بالعيادات الخارجية الشكل 3 تواتر تنظيف المرحاض في بوتان حسب جناح المستشفى (التقييم الوطني، 6102، العدد = 82) (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 7 12 3 2 11 3 3 12 3 52 أقل من مرة واحدة ڡى  اليوم مرة واحدة ڡى  اليوم مرتىں  ڡى اليوم ثلاث مرات ڡى  اليوم أكىر من ثلاث مرات العيادات الاستشارة الخارجية الا€ قامة لبنان يرصد جوانب متعددة من النظافة خلال فترة الطمث في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 3 53 72 2 61 على ساء الن يب در ت من من الا  ص خل الت حية لص ط ا فو ال حية لص ط ا فو ال رئ طوا ت ال حالا ل ات سكن م فىر تو لم الا   طاة مغ ق ال ادي صن ال ص خل للت ة ڡى … صي صو لخ ا ئية سا الن ض احي لمر ا ن ڡى … ابو لص ء وا لما ا ئية سا الن ض احي لمر ا المعايىر الا– ضافيةالمعايىر المستخدمة لتقييم الخدمات الا ساسية 83 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة ت الن خدما النظافة العامة الخدمة الأساسية مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين (مزودة بالماء والصابون و/ أو مطهر يدين كحولي) متاحة في نقاط الرعاية وعلى مسافة لا تتجاوز خمسة أمتار من المراحيض الخدمة المحدودة ُتتاح مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين إما في نقاط الرعاية أو في المراحيض ولكن لا ُتتاح في كلتيهما لا توجد خدمة لا ُتتاح مرافق عاملة لنظافة اليدين في نقاط الرعاية أو في المراحيض الشكل 1 تصنيف خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية لمرافق الرعاية الصحية خدمات النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 44 9002 ,aveneG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ,eraC htlaeH ni eneigyH dnaH no senilediuG OHW ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW :ees sliated erom roF, <ne/6097951429879/sloot /yam5/cspg/tni.ohw.www>. 54 9002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,ygetartS tnemevorpmI eneigyH dnaH ladomitluM OHW eht fo noitatnemelpmI eht ot ediuG A ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW, <ne/ediug-noitatnemelpmi_hh/snoitacilbup /noitneverp- noitcefni/tni.ohw.www> 64 9002 ,aveneG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ,eraC htlaeH ni eneigyH dnaH no senilediuG OHW ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW :ees sliated erom roF, <ne/6097951429879/sloot /yam5/cspg/tni.ohw.www>. �ف ي عام 7481، اكتشف أخصا�أ ي التوليد الهنغاري إغناز سيميلويس أن مهات المروعة �ف ي مستشفى فيينا العام إنما مردها إل معدلت وفيات الأ أطباء المستشفى، حيث إنهم كانوا يفحصون المرصىف مبا�ش ًة بعد إجراء ت�ش يح الجثث، دون تنظيف أيديهم بطريقة فعالة. وح�ت من دون فهم النظرية الجرثوميَّة، كان سيميلويس قادراً على تقليل الوفيات بشكل كب�ي عن طريق مطالبة الأطباء بتنظيف أيديهم بمحلول الكلور بعد النتهاء من ت�ش يح الجثث. ومنذ ذلك الح�ي ف ، أصبحت النظافة الفعالة لليدين �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية حجر الزاوية �ف ي المبادئ التوجيهية للوقاية من ن التدب�ي الرئيسي للوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها وممارساتها، وتعت�ب الآ الإ صابات المرتبطة بالرعاية الصحية وانتشار مقاومة مضادات الميكروبات. ي مجال الرعاية الصحية الهدف الرئيسي لجهود تحس�ي ف ويمثل العاملون �ف نظافة اليدين، لأنهم يقدمون الرعاية لمرصىف متعددين وقد يتلامسون مع الدم وسوائل الجسم الأخرى. ومع ذلك، يمكن لزوار مرافق الرعاية الصحية أيضا ًأن ين�ش وا الُممِرضات على أيديهم، ومن المهم أن توفر مرافق الرعاية الصحية مرافق غسل اليدين بالصابون والمياہ �ف ي المراحيض ال�ت ي يستخدمها المرصىف وكذلك الزوار الآخرين الذين قد يقدمون الرعاية تلبيًة لحاجة المرصىف . يدي �ف ي أماكن الرعاية الصحية وتركز التدخلات الرامية إل تحس�ي ف نظافة الأ على إ�ش اك قادة المرافق والعامل�ي ف �ف ي الخطوط الأمامية، وتثقيف العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية، وعرض التذك�ي ات على الملصقات، وتحس�ي ف التواصل، وممارسات الرصد، وإبداء الملاحظات، وقبل كل سش ي ء ضمان سهولة استخدام العامل�ي ف �ف ي الرعاية الصحية الصابون والمياہ و/ أو مطهر اليدين الكحولي ، ومعرفة كيفية استخدامه بطريقة فعالة. وهناك «خمس يدي �ف ي لحظات» رئيسية حددتها منظمة الصحة العالمية لتنظيف الأ مرافق الرعاية الصحية، هي: (1) قبل ملامسة المريض، (2) قبل إجراءات التنظيف/ التعقيم الجز�أ ي ، وبعد التعرض لسوائل الجسم، (4) بعد ملامسة المريض، (5) بعد ملامسة محيط المريض. ويجب أن تكون هناك مرافق نظافة يدين كافية وغ�ي معطلة لضمان تنفيذ العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية ومقدمي الرعاية والمرصىف إجراءات تنظيف اليدين ي جميع اللحظات الخمس الرئيسية. وعلاوة على ذلك، توصىي منظمة �ف الصحة العالمية باستخدام نهج متعدد الوسائل لتحس�ي ف نظافة اليد، يتمحور حول التقييم وإبداء الملاحظات، والتذك�ي �ف ي مكان العمل، وتهيئة مناخ من السلامة المؤسسية.5 الإطار 5 الصابون والمياہ، أو مطهر اليدين الكحولي؟ تنظيف الأيدي بمطهر يدين كحولي أسرع وأسهل من غسلها بالصابون والمياہ. ويمكن أن يؤدي التشجيع على استخدام العاملين في مجال الرعاية الصحية طريقة الفرك بالكحول إلى تحسين الامتثال لنظافة اليدين تحسينًا كبيرًا، وكذلك تجهيز طريقة احتياطية عندما يكون هناك نقص في المياہ. ومع ذلك، تكون طريقة الفرك بالكحول أقل فعالية عندما تكون الأيدي متسخة اتساخًا واضحًا أو ملوثة بالدم أو بسوائل الجسم الأخرى. وفي مثل هذه الحالات (وكذلك بعد استخدام المرحاض)، يوصى بغسل اليدين بالصابون والمياہ. وقد لاُتزال أو ُتعطل بفعالية بعض الُممِرضات (مثل الِمَطثِّ يَّ ة الَعسيَرة) باستخدام مطهر اليدين الكحولي. وإذا كان التعرض للُممِرضات مشكوكًا فيها بشدة أو ثابت الحدوث، يكون غسل اليدين بالمياہ والصابون هو الوسيلة المفضلة لنظافة اليدين. يلزم تنفيذ تدابير نظافة عامة إضافية لمنع انتقال الجراثيم، من قبيل استخدام معدات الوقاية الشخصية.6 93 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة ام لع ة ا اف ظ الن ت ما خد ل يمكن إجراء نظافة اليدين دون إتاحة مرافق نظافة اليدين، ولأغراض الرصد على الصعيدين الوط�ف ي والعالمي، يركز مؤ�ش الخدمات الأساسية ي المواقع ال�ت ي يتلقى على توافر الصابون والمياہ، أو مطهر اليد الكحولي ، �ف ساسي فيها المرصىف الرعاية. وإضافة إل ذلك، يتضمن مستوى الخدمة الأ وجود صابون ومياہ �ف ي المراحيض. وإذا كان �ف ي مرفق الرعاية الصحية7 مرفق غ�ي معطل لنظافة اليدين سواء �ف ي مراكز الرعاية أو �ف ي المراحيض، ولكن ليس �ف ي كليهما، فإنه يصنف على أنه يتمتع بخدمات محدودة، �ف ي ح�ي ف تصنف المرافق ال�ت ي ليس بها مرافق نظافة اليدين غ�ي معطلة على الإطلاق على أنها ل توجد بها خدمة. الإطار 6 نقاط الرعاية ُتعرَّ ف نقطة الرعاية على أنها المكان الذي تلتقي فيه العناصر الثلاثة: المريض، والعامل في مجال الرعاية الصحية، والرعاية أو العلاج الذي ينطوي على الاحتكاك بالمريض أو محيطه (داخل منطقة المرضى). ويحتضن المفهوم الحاجة إلى إجراء نظافة الأيدي في اللحظات الموصى بها في مكان تقديم الرعاية تماما. وهذا يتطلب أن يكون منتج نظافة اليدين (مثل مطهر اليدين الكحولي، أو الصابون والمياہ) سهل الاستخدام وقريب بقدر الإمكان - أي في متناول اليد في مكان تقديم الرعاية للمرضى أو علاجهم. وينبغي أن تكون منتجات نقطة الرعاية متاحة للمستخدم دون الحاجة إلى مغادرة منطقة المرضى. 74 يستلزم اعتبار مرافق نظافة اليد �في نقاط الرعاية غ�ي معطلة أن تحتوي إما على مطهر يدين كحولي وإما على الصابون والمياہ. وإذا استخدم مطهر اليدين الكحولي ، فقد ينقل عاملو الرعاية الصحية أيضا ًجهاز توزيعه ب�يف مختلف أرجاء نقاط الرعاية الصحية. ويستلزم اعتبار مرافق نظافة اليد �ف ي نقاط الرعاية غ�ي معطلة أن يتوفر الصابون والمياہ �ف ي نطاق خمسة أمتار من المراحيض. ول يعت�ب مطهر اليدين الكحولي ملائما ًلنظافة اليدين �ف ي المراحيض، لأنه ل يزيل المواد ال�ب ازية من اليدين. وينبغي أن تحتوي مرافق الرعاية الصحية على مواد نظافة اليد �ف ي جميع ماكن ال�ت ي يتلقى فيها المرصىف الرعاية. وتتعقب بعض برامج الرصد ما الأ إذا كانت مواد نظافة اليد متوافرة �ف ي مواقع متعددة بداخل مرفق للرعاية الصحية، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن بعضاً آخر منها يتضمن عمليات تفقد عشوائية متفرقة �ف ي نقاط محددة من الرعاية. ومن أجل إجراء مقارنات متسقة، لأغراض الرصد العالمي، يوضع توافر مرافق نظافة اليدين �ف ي أي نقطة من نقاط الرعاية �ف ي العتبار عند حساب مستوى الخدمة الأساسية وم�ت أمكن ذلك، يستخدم برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة البيانات المتعلقة بنظافة اليدين �ف ي قسم العيادات الخارجية أو منطقة الستشارات العامة، ح�ت لو كانت المناطق الأخرى تفتقر إل مرافق النظافة العامة. ويوضح الشكل 24 أن جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقريبا ً�ف ي الص�ي ف بها مرافق لغسل اليدين، حيث تحتوي معظمها على المياہ، لكن ثلثها فقط يحتوي على صابون ومياہ أو مطهر يدين كحولي �ف ي نقاط الرعاية (63٪). وحيث إن اثن�ي ف من أصل ثلاثة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الصينية بهما صابون ومياہ �ف ي المراحيض (76٪)، فتوافر مواد نظافة اليد �ف ي نقاط الرعاية هو العامل المحدد لوصفها بأنهما يتضمنان خدمات النظافة الأساسية. وأخذ الحد الأد�ف من القيمت�ي ف كعامل محدد للخدمة الأساسية قد يؤدي إل المبالغة �ف ي تقدير الخدمات الأساسية، لأن بعض مرافق الرعاية الصحية يمكن أن تحتوي على مرافق نظافة اليد �ف ي نقاط الرعاية ولكن ليس �ف ي المراحيض. 04 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة ت الن خدما رسم توضيحي لهيكل تصنيف خدمات النظافة العامة: الصين الشكل 2 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بمرافق نظافة اليدين ومطهر اليدين الكحولي، الصين (مسح مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 8102) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 6. 0 76 63 6 .0 63 لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية الصابون والمياه تصنيف الخدمة أو الكحول ڡى  نقاط الرعاية الصابون والمياه ڡى  المراحيض محطة غسل يدين بإمدادات مياه مستمرة أي مرافق غسل يدين خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية 14 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة ام لع ة ا اف ظ الن ت ما خد كانت تقديرات خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية متاحة عن 41 بلدًا، يبلغ إجمالي عدد سكانها 7.1 مليار نسمة، في عام 6102 الشكل التغطية ببيانات خدمات النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب المؤشر، وعدد البلدان والسكان عند توافر البيانات (بالمليارات)، 6102 7.1 7.1 7.0 8.2 .2 3. الخدمات الاساسية )العدد= 41( المياه والصابون ڡى المراحيض )العدد= 61( مطهر يدين الكحولى ڡى نقاط الرعاية )العدد= 91( الصابون والمياه ڡى نقاط الرعاية )العدد= 34( مرافق نظافة اليدين ڡى نقاط الرعاية )العدد= 45( أي بيانات )العدد= 95( على مستوى العالم، لم تحصل 61٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية على خدمات النظافة العامة في عام 6102 الشكل 3 خدمات النظافة العامة على الصعيدين الإقليمي والعالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 %2 صفر 22.05.0 61 6 2 6 63 ■ ■ ■ ■ لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية البيانات غىر كافية الم الع مية النا ىر ة صغ ة ال زري الج ول الد حلية لسا ىر ا ة غ نامي ن ال لدا الب موًا =ن دان البل قل أ سيا يانو أوق يىىˆ  لكار ة وا تيني اللا يكا أمر روبا وأو لية شما كا ال مري أ لندا وزي وني اليا سىر “ ا سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما وبها وجن سيا ط آ وس ى كىرˆ ء ال حرا لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ قها سرž وب وجن سيا ق آ سرž ومع ذلك، نظراً إل أن بيانات هذه المؤ�ش ات المختلفة قد تأ�ت ي من مسوح أو مجموعات بيانات مختلفة، فليس من الممكن دائما ًحساب الخدمات الأساسية على مستوى مرافق الرعاية الصحية الفردية، ويجري ال�ب نامج المش�ت ك عملية الحساب هذه استناداً إل القيم الإجمالية لمرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي كل مجال. وعلى مستوى العالم، �ف ي عام 6102، لم يكن لدى مرفق واحد من كل ستة مرافق رعاية صحية (61٪) أي خدمات النظافة، مما يع�ف ي أن مرافق نظافة اليدين لم تكن متوافرة �ف ي نقاط الرعاية أو المراحيض (الشكل 34). وكانت هناك منطقة واحدة فقط من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، وهي �ش ق آسيا وجنوب �ش قها، لديها بيانات كافية لإ نشاء تقديرات ساسية، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن أربع مناطق لديها بيانات كافية لخدمات النظافة الأ لحساب نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي ل تتوفر فيها خدمات النظافة. ولم تكن هناك بيانات كافية متاحة لإجراء تقديرات لمناطق التنمية المستدامة الأربعة الأخرى، وعدد قليل للغاية من البلدان المرتفعة الدخل كان لديها بيانات متاحة �ف ي عام 6102. وعلى الرغم من أن مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي البلدان المرتفعة الدخل من المرجح أن يتاح بها الصابون والمياہ الجارية (وكذلك الإصحاح المحّسن)، فإنها قد لتزال تواجه عقبات لوجيستية وأخرى تتعلق بسلسلة التوريد �ف ي الحصول على مطهر يدين كحولي . و�ف ي بعض الأحيان، تؤكد البلدان تمتعها بالتغطية بالخدمات الأساسية بنسبة 001٪ (مع الإ شارة إل أنها �ش ط قانو�ف ي أو منصوص عليها �ف ي لوائح البناء)، ولكن �ف ي حالة 24 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة ت الن خدما أتيحت تقديرات لخدمات النظافة الأساسية عن 41 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 5 خدمات النظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪)

001 08 06 0 02 0 001001001001001001001 08 02 23 01 31 6 .0 6 85 3 536363 دة تح الم نيا تىر ا ية هور صىں  جم ال يا بىر لي يا جىر ني ينيا أرم وي مباب ز يف صربيا ملد ينو مار ان س ينو مار ان س يت كو ال ونيا ست إ كيا شي ت جان ربي أذ لا توجد خدمة البيانات غىر كافية توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية في بعض البلدان، تكون المياہ والصابون أكثر شيوعا في نقاط الرعاية؛ وفي أخرى، يكون مطهر اليدين الكحولي أكثر شيوعا الشكل 6 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بمطهر اليدين الكحولي وبالصابون والمياہ في نقاط الرعاية، 1 بلدًا تتوافر بشأنها البيانات، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 الصابون والمياه ڡى  نقاط الرعاية ميانمار جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة صفر صفر اية لرع ط ا نقا ڡى  ولى كح ين يد طهر م عدم وجود بيانات ُمتحقق منها حول المتثال، ل يستخدم برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة هذه المعلومات لإ نتاج تقديرات وطنية. ساسية متاحة عن 41 بلدا،ً �ف ي عام وكانت تقديرات خدمات النظافة الأ 6102، يبلغ إجمالي عدد سكانها 7.1 مليار نسمة (الشكل 44). وهذا يمثل 91٪ فقط من سكان العالم ول يكفي لإجراء تقدير عالمي. و�ف ي ثلاثة من هذه البلدان، كانت البيانات غ�ي كافية للتمي�ي ف ب�ي ف مرافق الرعاية الصحية ذات الخدمات المحدودة وعدم وجود خدمات النظافة العامة (الشكل 54). وكان لدى 61 بلداً فقط من أصل 95 بلداً لديها بيانات عن نظافة اليدين معلومات عن توافر الصابون والمياہ �ف ي المراحيض. ويجمع العديد من الدول (55 بلدا،ً يبلغ إجمالي عدد سكانها 9.2 مليار نسمة أو 53٪ من سكان العالم) معلومات حول مدى توافر مرافق نظافة اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية، على الرغم من أن جمع البيانات عن الصابون والمياہ أك�ش شيوعا ًمنه عن مطهر يدين كحولي . وعلى الصعيد العالمي، كان لدى 75٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية مرافق نظافة أيدي �ف ي نقاط الرعاية. ومن أصل البلدان الـ 91 ال�ت ي لديها بيانات عن كل من الصابون والمياہ ومطهر اليدين الكحولي �ف ي نقاط الرعاية، كان توافرها لدى بعض البلدان، بما �ف ي ذلك جمهورية ت�ف ف انيا المتحدة، أعلى نسبيا ًمقارنًة بمرافق غسل اليدين بالصابون والمياہ، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن بلدانا ًأخرى، مثل ميانمار، كانت تتمتع بمستوى أعلى من إتاحة مطهر يدين كحولي (الشكل 64). 34 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة ام لع ة ا اف ظ الن ت ما خد كانت تقديرات مرافق نظافة اليدين في نقاط الرعاية متاحة عن 55 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 7 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بمواد نظافة اليد في نقاط الرعاية، حسب البلد ومنطقة أهداف التنمية المستدامة، 6102 (٪) 2 53 3 25 35 85 16 26 36 66 86 17 37 77 77 77 87 08 18 18 8 8 58 58 0 1 1 2 3 3 51 62 17 7 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 6 001 001 6 5 88 1 63 7 08 1 001 8 باراغواي هندوراس هايىى  بىر و أنتيغوا وبربودا سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين جزر القمر جيبوىى  مدغشقر إثيوبيا ليبىر يا الصومال الكونغو جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية نيجىر يا جمهورية تىرŒ Œ انيا المتحدة النيجر الكامىر ون ملاوي جنوب السودان كينيا كوت ديفوار تشاد زامبيا زمبابوي ناميبيا موريتانيا أوغندا غامبيا بىںŒ Œسىر اليون بوركينا فاسو توغو غانا السنغال بوروندي الصىں Œ جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية إندونيسيا ميانمار كمبوديا نيبال بنغلاديش ملديف سري لانكا تونس أرمينيا أذربيجان الكويت بابوا غينيا الجديدة صربيا تشيكيا إستونيا الجبل الا¥سود سان مارينو صفر 02 0 06 08 001 أمريكا اللاتينية والكاري¨ىى أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك¨ىرى سر® ق آسيا وجنوب سر® قها وسط آسيا وجنوبها شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية ويختلف توافر مواد نظافة اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية اختلافا ًكب�ي اً ب�ي ف البلدان قل �ف ي معظم المناطق أقل والمناطق، وكانت التغطية �ف ي بلد واحد على الأ من 05٪ و�ف ي بلد واحد على الأقل أك�ش من 09٪ (الشكل 74). 44 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة ت الن خدما مؤشرات إضافية لرصد النظافة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يقع على عاتق الحكومات واجب وضع معاي�ي للنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية ووضع برامج لتحس�ي ف الخدمات عند الصرف ورة. ويخدم المؤ�ش العالمي لخدمات النظافة الأساسية بوصفه نقطة انطلاق مفيدة ولكنها ل تتضمن الجوانب المهمة الأخرى للنظافة، مثل تقنية نظافة اليدين والمتثال �ف ي اللحظات الرئيسية، وسهولة استخدام محطات غسل اليدين �ف ي جميع نقاط الرعاية، أو وجود مناطق الستحمام وال�ش وط ال�ت ي يجب أن تستوفيها. و�ف ي العديد من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، اسُتو�ف ي ساسي ، لكن خدمات النظافة لتزال بحاجة إل بالفعل مستوى الخدمة الأ التحس�ي ف . وينبغي للبلدان ال�ت ي يُعد توافر الخدمات الأساسية فيها المعياَر الطبيعي بالفعل أن تنظر �ف ي وضع ورصد مؤ�ش ات إضافية تتوافق مع ك�ش تقدما.ً وفيما يلىي بعض الأمثلة التوضيحية على مستويات الخدمة الأ الرصد على الصعيد الوط�ف ي بعد مستوى الخدمة الأساسية، ولكن ثمة حاجة إل مزيد من العمل لتوحيد هذه التداب�ي . توافر مستلزمات نظافة اليد حسب مجال المستشفى يشمل مستوى خدمة النظافة الأساسية وجود صابون ومياہ أو مطهر يدين كحولي �ف ي نقاط الرعاية. وعادة ما تستخدم البيانات المستمدة من منطقة الفحص �ف ي العيادات الخارجية، ولكن قد يختلف التوافر حسب نوع غرفة الفحص. و�ف ي ملاوي، كانت مرافق نظافة اليد (المياہ الجارية والصابون أو مطهر يدين كحولي ) متاحة �ف ي 57٪ من غرف الولدة و56٪ من أقسام العيادات الخارجية، ولكن �ف ي 63٪ فقط من مناطق تطعيم الأطفال (الشكل 84). وأقل من ثلث (13٪) مرافق الرعاية الصحية لديها مواد نظافة اليدين متاحة �ف ي جميع نقاط الرعاية. وقسم العيادات الخارجية هو نقطة الرعاية المستخدمة بوصفه مرجعا ًلأغراض الرصد العالمي، ولكن هذا المقياس العالمي يعكس احتمال المبالغة �ف ي تقدير توافر مواد نظافة اليد �ف ي جميع أنحاء مرفق الرعاية الصحية. ممارسات نظافة اليدين توافر مواد النظافة العامة أمر صرف وري ولكنه ل يضمن الل�ت ف ام �ف ي اللحظات الرئيسية. فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي عام 4102، انتهى مسح، 54 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة ام لع ة ا اف ظ الن ت ما خد شمل مراقبة منظمة لمدة خمس ساعات لما يقرب من 000 5 فرصة للنظافة اليدوية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي بنغلاديش، إل أن 96٪ من المستشفيات مزودة بمرافق نظافة اليد �ف ي نقاط الرعاية، لكن 71٪ فقط من العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية غسلوا أيديهم بالصابون بعد ملامسة المرصىف أو الجروح، وغسل 2٪ فقط أيديهم بالصابون قبل ملامسة المريض أو أداء مهام التعقيم الجز�أ ي (الشكل 94). وكذلك، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي كمبوديا �ف ي عام 0102 كانت تحتوي على مرافق لغسل اليدين، غسل العاملون �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية أيديهم بالصابون خلال أقل من واحدة من كل 03 استشارة. في ملاوي، من غير المحتمل تمامًا أن توجد مرافق نظافة اليد في غرف تطعيم الأطفال الشكل 8 نسبة غرف الفحص، حسب النوع، المزودة بالصابون والمياہ ومطهر اليدين الكحولي، التي لوحظت وقت الزيارة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في ملاوي (تقييم تقديم الخدمة، 3102، العدد = 0 5-77 ) (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 * * * غرفة الولادة غرفة سحب عينات الدم قسم العيادات الخارجية العام جراحات بسيطة جناح الرعاية السابقة للولادة غرفة تطعيم الا­طفال جميع نقاط الرعاية *إعطاء الا­ولوية للموقع للرصد العالمي الصابون والمياه مطهر يدين كحولىŒ الصابون والمياه أو مطهر يدين كحولىŒ لا يمارس العاملون في المستشفيات دائمًا نظافة اليدين في اللحظات الخمس الرئيسية الشكل الامتثال لنظافة اليدين في المستشفيات في بنغلاديش (مسح البيانات الأساسية الوطني للنظافة العامة، 102) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 31 71 2 2 6 1 6 8 5 12 غسل اليدين بالماء فقط استخدام مطهر يدين كحولى غسل اليدين بالصابون والماء محيط المرصىبعد ملامسة بعد ملامسة المرصى أو الجروح بعد التعرض للسائل الجسدي أو استخدام المرحاض قبل إجراءات التنظيف/ التعقيم الجزىى•  المرصىقبل ملامسة )٪( ين ليد ة ا ظاف ها ن في رس تُما ت كان لىى ¤ ة ا سي لا •سا ت ا ظا لح ة ال سب ن 64 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة ت الن خدما التشجيع على نظافة اليدين يتحقق تحس�ي ف نظافة اليدين تحققا ًناجحا ًومضمون الستمرار بتنفيذ إجراءات متعددة لتذليل العقبات المختلفة وتخطي الحواجز السلوكية. ول يمكن أن تحّسن المواد والس�ت اتيجيات التشجيعية نظافة اليد إل إذا كانت مرافق نظافة اليد متوافرة. و�ف ي ب�ي و، كانت نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي لديها اس�ت اتيجيات للتدريب وحوافز لغسل اليدين أعلى بنسبة 41 نقطة مئوية عن نسبة محطات غسل اليدين ال�ت ي تحتوي على الصابون والمياہ المتاحة �ف ي عام 7102 (الشكل 05). و�ف ي هندوراس، كان هناك تشجيع فيما يقرب من نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية على غسل اليدين، لكن مع قلة الإ مدادات اللازمة لممارسة نظافة اليدين على نحو ملائم. وتصرف ب س�ي اليون مثال ًإيجابيا ًعلى التغي�ي �ف ي المواقف تجاه غسل اليدين �ف ي إطار الستجابة لوباء الإ يبول. و�ف ي تعداد عام 4102 لمرافق الرعاية ولية، أبلغ أك�ش من 59٪ من العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية الصحية الأ عن حدوث تغ�ي �ف ي سلوكيات غسل اليدين لديهم منذ الحصول على معلومات عن الإ يبول (الشكل 15). ومع ذلك، كث�ي اً ما كانت ممارسات نظافة اليدين الُمبّلغ عنها ذاتيا ًأعلى بكث�ي من الل�ت ف ام الفعلىي بسبب تح�ي ف ات المجيب�ي ف عن أسئلة المسح. سهولة استخدام الجميع لمحطات غسل اليدين ينبغي أل يُمكَّ ن العاملون �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية فحسب، بل المرصىف والزوار أيضا،ً من أن يغسلوا أيديهم. وقد يشمل المرصىف والزوار أطفال ً صغارا ًوأشخاصا ًذوي قدرة محدودة على الحركة أو الرؤية. و�ف ي ح�ي ف أن عدداً قليلا ًمن البلدان يرصد سهولة استخدام محطات غسل اليدين �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، فقد انتهى مسح أُجري �ف ي لبنان إل أن ما يقرب من 04٪ من المرافق مزودة بمحطات لغسل اليدين �ف ي متناول الأطفال صغر سنا ًوأن أقل من 02٪ مزودة بمرافق �ف ي متناول الأشخاص ذوي الأ القدرة المحدودة على الحركة والرؤية (الشكل 25). غالبًا ما ُيشجَّ ع على غسل اليدين في مرافق رعاية صحية لا توجد بها مرافق غسل يدين الشكل 05 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بمرافق غسل اليدين مع التشجيع على غسل اليدين، في بيرو وهندوراس (منظمة الصحة العالمية، 7102) 67 62 0 37 بىر و )العدد= 2 1( هندوراس )العدد= 37( مع التشجيع على غسل اليدين مع وجود محطات غسل يدين بالصابون والمياه المجموع أفاد أكثر من 59٪ من العاملين في مجال الرعاية الصحية في سيراليون بتحسين ممارسات النظافة العامة بعد الحصول على معلومات عن الإيبولا الشكل 15 نسبة العاملين في مجال الرعاية الصحية في سيراليون الذين أبلغوا عن تغيير سلوكهم في نظافة أيديهم بعد الحصول على بعض المعلومات عن الإيبولا (مسح المرافق الصحية، 102) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 16 3 5 غسل اليدين بالصابون والمياه نظافة اليدين بالمطهرات لم يُبّلغ عن أي تغىر 74 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة ام لع ة ا اف ظ الن ت ما خد الشكل 25 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية في لبنان المزودة بمحطات لغسل اليدين سهلة الاستخدام للأطفال الصغار وذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة والرؤية 8 84 .8102 yraurbeF ni FECINU ot dettimbus troper yevrus lanif ,nonabeL ni sertneC htlaeH cilbuP ni HSAW ,sevitanretlA elbaniatsuS. 94 732–532 pp ,(5)79 lov ,4002 ,enicideM fo yteicoS layoR eht fo lanruoJ ,’ycauqedani fo agas gniunitnoc A :srewohS dna smoorhtaB latipsoH‘ ,PG ,yelluM dna A ,ornoM, <705007904086701410/7711.01/fdp/iod/moc.bupegas.slanruoj//:sptth>. مناطق الاستحمام يمكن أن يقلل الستحمام من العدوى المرتبطة بالرعاية الصحية ويحّسن شعور المرصىف بالراحة. وينبغي أن يتمكن المرصىف من الستحمام �ف ي مرافق غ�ي معطلة ونظيفة وسهلة الستخدام وتح�ت م خصوصيتهم وتصون كرامتهم. ومع ذلك، ح�ت �ف ي حالة وجود مرافق الستحمام، فإنها ل تل�ب ي دائما ًاحتياجات المرصىف . وقد انتهى تقييم أُجري على المستوى دون الوط�ف ي �ف ي عام 4002 �ف ي المملكة المتحدة إل أن 01٪ من مرافق الستحمام معطلة و82٪ من أجنحة المستشفى غ�ي مزودة بمرافق استحمام سهلة الستخدام لمستخدمي الكراسي المتحركة.8 وأشارت مقارنة ُعِقدت مع دراسات مماثلة على مدى أك�ش من 02 سنة قبل التقييم إل أن التحسن يس�ي بُخطى بطيئة للغاية. أقل من واحد من كل خمسة مرافق رعاية صحية في لبنان مزود بمحطات لغسل اليدين سهلة الاستخدام للأشخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة والرؤية في عام 6102 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 5 5 8 62 33 6102 3 77 ■ ■ ■ ■ لا توجد مرافق ليست سهلة الاستخدام سهلة الاستخدام مع المساعدة سهلة الاستخدام القدرة المحدودة على الرؤية القدرة المحدودة على الحركة أصغر الا€طفال 84 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف صحاح ت الإ خدما خدمات إدارة النفايات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 05 ne/ganametsaw/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,4102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,seitivitcA erac-htlaeH morf setsaW fo tnemeganaM efaS ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW 15 fdp.snoitcejnIetsaWtnemeganaM/ytilauq/tnemeganam/tni.ohw.www> ,6002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,leveL tcirtsiD ta seitivitcA noitcejnI morf etsaW fo tnemeganaM ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW معظم النفايات الناتجة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية - حوالي 58٪ - ليست خطرة ويمكن التخلص منها جنبا ًإل جنب مع النفايات الصلبة العامة. ونسبة الـ 51٪ المتبقية هي إما معدية أو خطرة كيميائيا ًأو مشعة، ويجب أن تدار بشكل مناسب لمنع تعرض غ�ي العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية والمرصىف والمتعامل�ي ف مع النفايات والجمهور للخطر.05 والإ بر المستعملة والمواد الحادة الأخرى تعت�ب بشكل عام الفئة الأك�ش خطورة من نفايات الرعاية الصحية، لأنها يمكن أن تسبب بسهولة إصابات بالإ برة وما يتبع ذلك من عدوى.15 إدارة النفايات الخدمة الأساسية ُتفصل النفايات في ثلاث حاويات على الأقل وُتعاَلج النفايات الحادة والمعدية وُيَتخلَّ ص منها بطريقة مأمونة الخدمة المحدودة هناك فصل محدود و/ أو معالجة للأدوات الحادة والنفايات المعدية والتخلص منها، ولكن لا تستوفي جميع متطلبات الخدمة الأساسية لا توجد خدمة لا توجد صناديق منفصلة للأدوات الحادة أو النفايات المعدية، ولا تجري معالجة/ التخلص من الأدوات الحادة و/ أو النفايات المعدية بطريقة آمنة الشكل 35 تصنيف خدمات إدارة النفايات الصحية الأساسية 94 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد ول �ف ي إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية �ف ي فصلها �ف ي أكياس تتمثل الخطوة الأ أو حاويات مناسبة عند نقطة بداية تجميعها، باستخدام ثلاث فئات على الأقل: النفايات غ�ي الخطرة العامة، والنفايات المعدية، والنفايات الحادة. وبعد الفرز، يجب تخزين النفايات المعدية والحادة بطريقة آمنة، ثم نقلها إل مرافق لمعالجتها والتخلص منها، سواء �ف ي المرفق أو �ف ي مرفق مخصص خارج الموقع. وفيما يخص الرصد العالمي، يتضمن مؤ�ش الخدمات الأساسية فصل قل، إضافة إل استخدام طريقة آمنة �ف ي النفايات �ف ي ثلاثة صناديق على الأ معالجة الأدوات الحادة والنفايات المعدية والتخلص منها. وإذا كان لدى مرفق الرعاية الصحية أنظمة جزئية لفرز النفايات و/ أو معالجتها، مثل حرق النفايات �ف ي حفرة مفتوحة بدل ًمن حرقها على مرحلت�ي ف ، فإنها تُصنَّف ي ح�ي ف تصنف المرافق ال�ت ي ل تحتوي على أنها ذات خدمات محدودة، �ف على أنظمة لفصل النفايات أو معالجتها والتخلص منها �ف ي خانة المرافق ال�ت ي ل توجد بها خدمة. �ة الهندية برنامج كاياكالب �ف ي عام 5102 وأطلقت وزارة الصحة ورعاية الأ وسع نطاقا ًال�ت ي تتضمنها مبادرة سواش براهات لستكمال الجهود الأ (الهند نظيفة). ويعتمد نظام كاياكالب على رصد مجموعة من المؤ�ش ات المتعلقة بالنظافة ومكافحة العدوى �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية.25 وتُقيَّم مرافق الرعاية الصحية عن طريق مؤسسات مناظرة ثم يُتحقق منها عن طريق فرق تفتيش خارجية. وقد خضعت البيانات المتعلقة بإدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية المستمدة من تقييم عام 8102 25 detadnu ,ihleD weN ,aidnI fo tnemnrevoG ,evitaitinI “plakayaK” fo noitatnemelpmI rof senilediuG ,erafleW ylimaF & htlaeH fo yrtsiniM, <fdp.plakayaK_rof_koobediuG_noitatnemelpmI /sucof-ni/fdp/segami/ni.vog.mhn.www للتحليل عن طريق المركز الوط�ف ي الهندي لموارد النظم الصحية لـ 107 من المستشفيات العامة على مستوى الأحياء، وستتوفر البيانات ولية �ف ي وقت لحق من عام 9102. وبيانات المتعلقة بمراكز الصحة الأ المستشفى �ف ي الشكل 45 تش�ي إل أن جميع مستشفيات الأحياء (79٪) تقريبا ًمزودة بشكل من أشكال إدارة النفايات، مع تصنيف 3٪ فقط �ف ي خانة المستشفيات ال�ت ي ل توجد خدمة بها. وكان التخلص من النفايات الطبية الحيوية (بما �ف ي ذلك الأدوات الحادة والنفايات المعدية) مرتفعا ً أيضا ًلدى 49٪. وكان فصل النفايات، بما �ف ي ذلك تخزين الأدوات الحادة �ف ي حاويات مقاِومة للثقب وفصل النفايات الطبية الحيوية الأخرى وفقا ً للمبادئ التوجيهية الوطنية لعام 6102، أقل بنسبة 08٪. وإجمال،ً 67٪ من المستشفيات الهندية كانت مزودة بالفرز والتخلص، وُصنفت �ف ي خانة المستشفيات ال�ت ي بها خدمات أساسية. و�ف ي عام 6102، كانت البيانات متاحة عن ثلاث فقط من أصل ثماٍن من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة ولم تكن هذه البيانات كافية لوضع تقديرات عالمية لخدمات إدارة النفايات �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية (الشكل 55). وكانت أك�ش البيانات اكتمال ًمتاحة لأفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى حيث أمكن حساب مؤ�ش ات الخدمة الأساسية والمحدودة وعدم وجود ساسية �ف ي منطقة خدمة. وإضافة إل ذلك، يمكن حساب الخدمات الأ أوقيانوسيا، بينما كانت بيانات شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا متاحة لمؤ�ش عدم وجود خدمة. شكل توضيحي لتصنيف خدمات إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية: الهند الشكل 5 خدمات إدارة النفايات في المستشفيات العامة على مستوى الأحياء في الهند (plakayaK، 8102) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 08 67 12 3 67 لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية فصل المواد الحادة تصنيف الخدمة والنفايات الطبية والتخلص منها بطريقة آمنة التخلص من النفايات الطبية الحيوية بطريقة آمنة فصل النفايات ڡىƒ ‚ منطقة الاستشارات أي من مرافق إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية 05 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ت ت إدارة النفايا خدما خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية كانت البيانات المتعلقة بخدمات إدارة النفايات الأ الصحية (بما �ف ي ذلك المستشفيات وغ�ي ها من مرافق الرعاية الصحية) متاحة من 84 بلدا ً(الشكل 65)، يبلغ عدد سكانها مجتمعة 4.1 مليار نسمة أو 91٪ من سكان العالم، وهو ما ل يكفي لوضع تقدير عالمي. ساسية �ف ي ومع ذلك، كانت هناك بيانات كافية عن خدمات إدارة النفايات الأ المستشفيات (64 بلدا،ً تشّكل 53٪ من سكان العالم) للاإ بلاغ عن أن ثل�ش ي (56٪) المستشفيات على مستوى العالم مزودة بخدمات أساسية (الشكل 75)، على الرغم من أن هذا التقدير يتأثر بشدة ببيانات كاياكالب الواردة من الهند (الشكل 45)، وال�ت ي تب�ي ف منها أن ثمة مستوى عاليا ًجداً من الخدمات. وعلى الصعيد العالمي، كانت معالجة النفايات المعدية المواد الحادة والتخلص منها �ف ي المستشفيات متشابهة عند حوالي 08٪، على الرغم من الإ بلاغ عنها، �ف ي حالة الهند، بوصفها معالجة للنفايات الطبية الحيوية. وكان فصل النفايات أقل قليلا،ً فقد فصلت ثلاثة من أصل أربعة مستشفيات (57٪) النفايات �ف ي ثلاثة صناديق على الأقل. ساسية ب�ي ف 001٪ �ف ي العديد من وتراوحت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأ البلدان المرتفعة الدخل إل رقم واحد �ف ي بعض البلدان المنخفضة الدخل (الشكل 85). و82 بلداً فقط من أصل 84 بلداً مع تقديرات أساسية يمكن أيضا ًتصنيفهم ب�ي ف خان�ت ي الخدمة المحدودة كانت البيانات المتعلقة بخدمات إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية الأساسية متاحة لـ 84 بلدًا، يبلغ إجمالي عدد سكانها 4.1 مليار نسمة، في عام 6102 الشكل 65 التغطية ببيانات خدمات إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب المؤشر، وعدد البلدان وعدد السكان حيث تتوافر بيانات (بالمليارات)، 6102 .1 5.1 0.3 2.3 الخدمات الاساسية )العدد = 8 ( النفايات المعالجة والمتخلص منها )العدد = 35( فصل النفايات عند المصدر )العدد = 06( أي بيانات )العدد = 66( في أقل البلدان نموًا، كانت 72٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية مزودة بخدمات أساسية لإدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية في عام 6102 الشكل 55 خدمات إدارة النفايات على الصعيدين الإقليمي والعالمي في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 1111 3222 6 15 1 01 72 7 لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية البيانات غىر كافية الم الع غىر ة لص ية ا جزر ل ال لدو ا مية النا حلية لسا ىر ا ة غ نامي ن ال لدا الب موًا =ن دان البل قل أ طقة ومن نية لاتي كا ال مري أ يىىŽ  لكار حر ا الب سيا ب آ وغر قيا فري ل أ شما روبا وأو لية شما كا ال مري أ قها سر˜ وب وجن سيا ق آ سر˜ وبها وجن سيا ط آ وس ندا وزيل وني اليا سىر ž أ سيا يانو أوق حراء لص ب ا جنو قيا فري أ ى كىرŽ ال 15 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد ول توجد خدمة. �ف ي ع�ش ة من هذه البلدان، تصنف ما ل يقل عن 01٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي خانة ل توجد خدمة. ومن أصل البلدان الـ 84 ال�ت ي كانت لديها بيانات عن كل من فصل النفايات ومعالجتها، كانت مستويات فصل النفايات أعلى من مستويات معالجتها �ف ي 62 بلدا،ً �ف ي ح�ي ف كانت المعالجة �ف ي 31 بلداً أعلى من الفرز (الشكل 95). و�ف ي البلدان التسعة المتبقية، كان الفرز والمعالجة متساوي�ي ف ، عادًة بنسبة 001٪. و�ف ي بابوا غينيا الجديدة، كان فصل النفايات عاّما ًتقريبا،ً لكن معظم النفايات أُحرقت �ف ي ُحَفر مفتوحة، ساسي . و�ف ي المقابل، كانت معالجة كل وهو ما ل يمثل مستوى الخدمة الأ دوات الحادة �ف ي بوركينا فاسو مرتفعة، لكن فصل من النفايات المعدية والأ النفايات المعدية كان منخفضا ًنسبيا.ً يفتقر واحد من كل ثلاثة مستشفيات على مستوى العالم إلى خدمات إدارة النفايات الأساسية الشكل 75 فصل النفايات ومعالجتها في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 1808 56 57 توجد خدمة أساسية المعالجة والتخلص )الادوات الحادة( المعالجة والتخلص )النفايات المعدية( الفرز كانت تقديرات خدمات إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية الأساسية متاحة عن 84 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 85 خدمات إدارة النفايات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 ورا أند كيا شي ت ونيا ست إ يت كو ال سود الا  بل لج ا ينو مار ان س صربيا ينيا أرم دي رون بو يل يش س يا بىر لي سيا وني إند وبيا إثي نان لب جر الني وي مباب ز شاد ت غانا دور كوا إ وي ملا ندا أوغ يا جىر يبيا ني ل مبيا زا وىى  جيب ينيا ك بية شع ة ال طي قرا ديم و ال ة لا وري مه ج غال سن ال سو فا كينا وغو بور ت يف و ملد بىر دة تح الم نيا تىر ’’ا ية هور جم لانكا سري بىں ’’ انيا ريت مو ون الي من سىر الي مال صو ال غو كون ال طية قرا ديم و ال ونغ الك ية هور جم ش لادي بنغ دة جدي ا ال غيني بوا با ساو ا بي غيني واي راغ با يىى  ها مار بال ميان ني 79 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 48 06 46 46 66 76 34 34 34 34 94 15 55 55 1 3 6 6 01 11 21 21 31 31 71 52 62 72 72 82 03 03 13 13 33 33 53 04 08 7 لا يوجد رد لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية ُتعالج النفايات في بعض الأحيان دون فصلها، وغالبًا لا تعالج النفايات المنفصلة الشكل 5 خدمات إدارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية في المستشفيات (العدد = 6 بلدًا)، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 فصل النفايات بوركينا فاسو بابوا غينيا الجديدة صفر صفر ات فاي الن جة عال م 25 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ت ت إدارة النفايا خدما كانت تقديرات الفرز الآمن لنفايات الرعاية الصحية متاحة عن 06 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 06 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لديها فصل للنفايات، حسب البلد ومنطقة أهداف التنمية المستدامة، 6102 (٪) 51 35 08 6 7 001 7 12 82 13 33 53 0 0 2 3 15 25 5 66 86 07 07 07 07 37 37 37 7 08 08 8 8 8 78 0 8 001 001 001 001 001 001 001 63 6 5 7 001 5 52 7 15 71 33 86 08 68 7 نيبال بنغلاديش ملديف سري لانكا غينيا – بيساو جزر القمر بوركينا فاسو مالى كينيا جيبوىى€  الكونغو بىں„ „ السنغال جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية الصومال جمهورية تىر„ „ انيا المتحدة سىر اليون غامبيا ناميبيا جنوب السودان أوغندا زمبابوي موريتانيا نيجىر يا النيجر توغو تشاد كوت ديفوار سيشيل زامبيا ليبىر يا بوروندي إثيوبيا ملاوي غانا إكوادور هايىى€  باراغواي هندوراس بىر و غرينادا ميانمار الفلبىں „جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية الصىں „اندونيسيا كمبوديا اليمن ليبيا لبنان أرمينيا الكويت بابوا غينيا الجديدة أندورا تشيكيا إستونيا ليتوانيا الجبل الا¥سود سان مارينو صربيا صفر 02 0 06 08 001 وسط آسيا وجنوبها أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكىر¬ ى أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريىى¬  سر° ق آسيا وجنوب سر° قها شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 35 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد كانت تقديرات المعالجة الآمنة لنفايات الرعاية الصحية والتخلص الآمن منها متاحة عن 35 بلدًا في عام 6102 الشكل 16 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي تتعامل مع النفايات، حسب البلد ومنطقة أهداف التنمية المستدامة، 6102 (٪) 00108060 02 32 82 53 5 01 2 62 62 23 3 63 1 1 2 3 3 05 35 55 55 55 75 06 6 76 27 77 08 001 001 001 001 001 001 81 02 3 55 6 7 001 12 8 5 11 05 66 07 بابوا غينيا الجديدة 01 غينيا – بيساو جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية الكونغو الصومال توغو جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة موريتانيا السنغال جيبوىى  مدغشقر نيجىر يا أوغندا ملاوي كينيا سىر اليون تشاد بىں  زيمبابوي غانا النيجر إثيوبيا ليبىر يا زامبيا بوركينا فاسو سيشيل بوروندي ميانمار جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية إندونيسيا فييت نام تونس اليمن ليبيا الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة أذربيجان لبنان أرمينيا الكويت نيبال سري لانكا بنغلاديش ملديف باراغواي بىر و هايىى  إكوادور أندورا تشيكيا إستونيا الجبل الا¨سود سان مارينو صربيا صفر أوقيانوسيا أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكىر® ى سر² ق آسيا وجنوب سر² قها وسط آسيا وجنوبها شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريىى®  أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 45 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ت ت إدارة النفايا خدما يجمع العديد من الدول معلومات حول فصل نفايات الرعاية الصحية، وكانت التقديرات الوطنية متاحة عن 06 بلداً �ف ي عام 6102 (الشكل 06)، يمثل عدد سكانها 04٪ من سكان العالم. و�ف ي المتوسط، 06٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية كانت مزودة بنظام فصل جز�أ ي على الأقل. ومع ذلك، الطريقة ال�ت ي يُقيَّم بها الفرز تختلف اختلافا ًكب�ي اً من مسح إل دوات الحادة، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن آخر. ويكتفي بعضها بتسجيل توافر صندوق للاأ دوات الحادة �ف ي جميع المناطق بعضها الآخر يتحقق من توافر صناديق الأ المنِتجة للنفايات، واستخدامها استخداما ًصحيحا ً(دون ملئها على سبيل المثال) ووسمها بطريقة مناسبة. ول يجمع العديد من المسوح معلومات حول فرز النفايات الأخرى أو استخدام نظام الصناديق الثلاثة الموصى به. وتجمع مسوح التوفر والستعداد معلومات حول توافر حاويات الأدوات الحادة (صناديق الأمان) وأوعية النفايات (ِسلال الدواسات) المزودة بغطاء وبطانة بلاستيكية لتخزين النفايات المعدية، و�ف ي معظم الحالت، انتهت إل أن الفرز والتخزين المناسب�ي ف أفضل بكث�ي للاأدوات الحادة منه للنفايات المعدية (الشكل 26). وقد تؤدي المسوح دوات الحادة إل المبالغة �ف ي تقدير ال�ت ي تجمع معلومات حول حاويات الأ ممارسات الفرز �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وهناك عدد أقل قليلا ًمن البلدان لديها تقديرات وطنية لمعالجة النفايات والتخلص منها مقارنًة بتقديرات البلدان لفرز النفايات. وكانت التقديرات الوطنية لمعالجة نفايات الرعاية الصحية متاحة �ف ي 35 بلدا،ً يمثل عدد سكانها 12٪ من سكان العالم. و�ف ي ستٍّ من مناطق التنمية المستدامة السبع ال�ت ي كانت لديها بيانات وطنية، كان لدى بلد واحد على الأقل أقل من 52٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي تتبع طريقة مأمونة �ف ي معالجة نفايات الرعاية الصحية والتخلص منها (الشكل 16). ويستخدم حوالي واحد فقط من كل ع�ش ة مرافق رعاية صحية �ف ي بابوا غينيا الجديدة وغينيا بيساو وميانمار ُطرقا ًآمنة لمعالجة النفايات المعدية والحادة. عادًة ما يكون فصل النفايات وتخزينها أكثر في حالة الأدوات الحادة مقارنة بالنفايات المعدية الشكل 26 الفرز والتخزين المناسبان للأدوات الحادة والنفايات المعدية حسب مسوح مختارة لتوافر الخدمة وتقييم جاهزيتها، 2102-7102 (٪) ■ ■ 2( 10 )6 2( 10 )6 2( 10 )5 2( 10 ) 2( 10 )6 2( 10 ) 2( 10 )6 2( 10 )6 2( 10 )7 2( 10 )2 2( 10 )5 2( 10 )5 2( 10 )5 2( 10 )5 2( 10 ) 2( 10 )5 2( 10 )7 2( 10 )7 001 08 06 0 02 0 وبيا إثي ينيا وىى  ك جيب ريه هو جم غو كون ال طية قرا ديم ال مال صو ال مار ميان انيا ريت مو سو فا كينا بور لانكا سري وغو ت مبيا زا جر الني شاد ت لاو بىں ‡‡ ية هور جم طية قرا ديم ال بيه شع ال وي مباب ز ون الي سىر شل سي فرز النفايات الحادة وتخزينها بطريقة ملائمة فصل النفايات المعدية وتخزينها بطريقة ملائمة 55 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد غالبًا ما تحصل المواد الحادة والنفايات المعدية على مستويات مماثلة من المعالجة الشكل 36 معالجة النفايات المعدية والحادة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 معالجة النفايات الحادة آذربيجان السنغال صفر دية مع ت ال فايا الن جة عال م صفر وأبلغت معظم البلدان عن مستويات مماثلة من معالجة الأدوات الحادة والنفايات المعدية (الشكل 36)، و�ف ي كث�ي من مصادر البيانات، لم يُبّلغ عن المعالجة بشكل منفصل لنوَعِي النفايات. وعندما تكون هناك فروق، فإن نفايات الأدوات الحادة تميل إل أن تُدار بشكل أفضل قليلا ًمقارنًة بالنفايات المعدية. فعلى سبيل المثال، انتهى مسح تقييم توافر الخدمات لعام 7102 �ف ي السنغال إل أن ما يقرب من 08٪ من نفايات الأدوات الحادة أُزيلت خارج الموقع �ف ي حاويات محمية، مقارنًة بنسبة 11٪ من النفايات المعدية. وبدل ًمن ذلك، ُعولجت معظم النفايات المعدية �ف ي الموقع، إما �ف ي أفران حرق، وهو ما يُوضع �ف ي العتبار عند حساب مؤ�ش ساسية العالمي، أو بطريقة الحرق �ف ي العراء، وهو ما ل يُوضع الخدمات الأ �ف ي العتبار (الشكل 46). ومع ذلك، �ف ي آذربيجان، أُبّلغ أن جميع النفايات المعدية، و55٪ فقط من نفايات الأدوات الحادة، تُعالج معالجة ملائمة. وتُستخدم طائفة واسعة من التقنيات لمعالجة نفايات الرعاية الصحية وأك�ش التكنولوجيات ملاءمة يعتمد على الظروف المحلية، مع تحقيق التوازن ب�ي ف الحاجة لحماية الصحة العمومية والبيئة. 65 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ت ت إدارة النفايا خدما ولوية لتقنيات معالجة النفايات ال�تي وفقا ًلتفاقية بازل،35 يوصى بإيلاء الأ تقلل من تكوين وإطلاق المواد الكيميائية أو النبعاثات الخطرة. ويمارس ال�ت ميد أو الحرق على نطاق واسع، ولكنه يمكن أن يسبب تلوثا ًبيئيا ً خط�ي ا،ً بما �ف ي ذلك تكوين مركبات ديوكس�ي ف وفيوران شديدة السمية. وتضع اتفاقية استكهولم 5 غايات لتفادي تكوين الديوكسينات والفيورانات إما عن طريق تجنب التقنيات القائمة على الح�ت اق أو ضمان أن يُنفَّ ذ الح�ت اق �ف ي درجة حرارة عالية: يجب أن تصل درجة حرارة الغرفة الأول قل، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن درجات الحرارة �ف ي الحجرة إل 058 درجة مئوية على الأ الثانية ينبغي أن تصل إل ما ل يقل عن 0011 درجة مئوية لتقليل تكوين المركبات السامة إل أد�ف مستوى ممكن.55 ومع ذلك، من الأ ك�ش شيوعا ًأن تستخدم مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي البلدان المنخفضة الدخل والبلدان المتوسطة الدخل أفران ترميد ذات غرفة واحدة أو طريقة الحرق �ف ي العراء (الشكل 46)، ال�ت ي ل تصل إل درجات حرارة عالية بما يكفي لمنع تكوين مواد كيميائية سامة. وقد يكون هذا هو أفضل خيار متاح بوصفه تدب�ي اً انتقاليا ًإذا كان البديل الوحيد هو دفن النفايات دون رقابة. وعند ممارسة الإحراق �ف ي درجات حرارة منخفضة، ينبغي لمرافق الرعاية الصحية تجنب حرق المواد المصنوعة من كلوريد البوليفينيل وأنوع البلاستيك والنفايات المعالجة بالكلور ال�ت ي يمكن أن تؤدي إل تكوين الديوكسينات والفيورانات. مم المتحدة للبيئة، اتفاقية بازل بشأن التحكم �في نقل النفايات الخطرة والتخلص منها ع�ب الحدود، الأ مم المتحدة، جنيف، 9891،<.www 35 أشمل معاهدة بيئية عالمية تتناول النفايات الخطرة وسائر النفايات هي: برنامج الأ weivrevO/noitnevnoCehT/tni.lesab>. 45 برنامج الأ مم المتحدة للبيئة، اتفاقية استكهولم بشأن الملوثات العضوية الثابتة، الأ مم المتحدة، جنيف، 9891 <tni.spop.www> معاهدة عالمية لحماية صحة الإ نسان والبيئة من المواد الكيميائية الشديدة الخطورة مد، عن طريق التقييد و�ف ي النهاية القضاء على إنتاجها واستخدامها وتداولها وإطلاقها وتخزينها. والطويلة الأ 55 ne/ganametsaw /snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,4102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,seitivitcA erac-htlaeH morf setsaW fo tnemeganaM efaS ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. وبالنسبة للرصد العالمي، يضع برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة الحرق، بما �ف ي ذلك الحرق بمرحلة ساسي ، ولكنه ل يضع �ف ي العتبار واحدة، عند حساب مستوى الخدمة الأ طريقة الحرق �ف ي العراء. والدفن �ف ي حفرة مبطنة محمية أو الإ زالة للمعالجة خارج الموقع توضع �ف ي العتبار أيضا ًعند حساب مستوى الخدمة ساسي . ومن حيث المبدأ، يمكن للتكنولوجيات القائمة على البخار، الأ مثل التعقيم بجهاز الأوتوكلاف، أو التقنيات المبتكرة مثل إشعاعات الميكروييف والمعالجة الحرارية الحتكاكية أن تتخلص بشكل فعال من النفايات وتوضع �ف ي العتبار عند حساب مستوى الخدمات الأساسية، لكنها ل تتوفر عادًة �ف ي المناطق المنخفضة الدخل والمتوسطة الدخل أو المسجلة �ف ي معظم تقييمات المرافق. وتجمع بعض المسوح (بما �ف ي ذلك توافر الخدمة وتقييم جاهزيتها وتقييم تقديم الخدمة) معلومات حول طائفة متنوعة من تقنيات المعالجة (الشكل 46)، لكن العديد من التقييمات ل تُسجل إل إذا ُحِرقت النفايات. طريقة حرق النفايات الحادة في العراء منتشرة على نطاق واسع الشكل 6 الطريقة المستخدمة لمعالجة الأدوات الحادة والتخلص منها في عدد مختار من مسوح تقييم تقديم الخدمة 2102-7102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 ■ ■ ■ 02( 71 ل ) نغا الس 02( 90 يا ) اميب ن 02( 70 دا ) وغن أ 02( 01 يا ) كين 02( 31  ) يىى ها حدة المت ينا تىر  ا رية مهو ج 02( 51 ) 02( 41 ش ) لادي بنغ 02( 41 ي ) لاو م 02( 71 دا ) روان لا يوجد رد لم يكن بها هذا النوع من النفايات قط أخرى حرق ڡى  العراء )حفرة أو ساحة محمية( حرق ڡى  العراء )ساحة مستوية - دون حماية( إزالة ڡى  الموقع )مخزنة دون حماية( دفن دون حرق )حفرة مفتوحة - دون حماية( دفن دون حرق )حفرة مغطاة أو مرحاض حفري( دفن دون حرق )ساحة مسطحة - دون حماية( إزالة من الموقع )التخزين ڡى  بيئة محمية أخرى( إزالة من الموقع )التخزين ڡى  حاوية مغطاة( دفن دون حرق )أرضية محمية أو حفرة( حرق ڡى  فرن حرق )مدفن ذو غرفة واحدة / قرميد/ فرن حرق دي مونتفورت( حرق ڡى  فرن حرق )٢ مدفن ذوا غرفتىں  صناعيتىں  008-0001 + درجة مئوية( 75 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد مؤشرات إضافية لرصد إدارة النفايات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يجب على الحكومات أن تضع معاي�ي ها الخاصة لإ دارة نفايات الرعاية الصحية وأن تضع برامج لتحس�ي ف خدماتها بما يتماسش مع تقوية النظام الصحي. ويعد المؤ�ش العالمي للخدمات الأساسية نقطة انطلاق مفيدة، ولكنه ل يتضمن جوانب مهمة لإ دارة النفايات، مثل ما إذا كانت مرفق ترميد نفايات تعمل يُعوَّل عليه، وكيف يمكن تقليل إنتاج النفايات إل أد�ف حد ممكن، والتخلص من المشيمة �ف ي مرافق الولدة. وح�ت �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بالخدمة الأساسية، قد لتزال خدمات إدارة النفايات بحاجة إل تحس�ي ف . وم�ت سمحت الموارد، ينبغي رصد مؤ�ش ات إضافية على أساس الأولويات الوطنية. صلاحية أفران ترميد النفايات للعمل يعت�ب ال�ت ميد ذو الغرفت�ي ف الذي يجري �ف ي درجة حرارة مرتفعة طريقة آمنة لمعالجة نفايات الرعاية الصحية، إذ إنه يقلل من تكوين المركبات السامة. ومع ذلك، �ف ي بعض البلدان، ل تعمل أفران ترميد النفايات �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية أو ل يتوافر الوقود اللازم لتشغيلها (الشكل 56). فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي مالوي، كان أك�ش من نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية مزوداً بفرن من هذا القبيل، ولكن �ف ي وقت إجراء المسح، كان الفرن يعمل �ف ي 88٪ من هذه المرافق وكان الوقود متاحا ًبنسبة 54٪ فقط. و�ف ي الصومال، كان لدى 51٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية فرن من هذا القبيل، لكن 06٪ من تلك المرافق كان مزوداً بنظام غ�ي معطل و66٪ منها كانت به وقود. تقليل النفايات إلى أدنى حد ممكن يمكن أن يكون لنفايات الرعاية الصحية غ�ي المعالجة بطريقة آمنة آثار ضارة على صحة الإ نسان والبيئة. و�ف ي بعض البلدان، تُطلق كمية كب�ي ة دوات الحادة الناتجة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية من النفايات المعدية والأ �ف ي البيئة دون معالجتها بطريقة آمنة. و�ف ي اليمن، على سبيل المثال، انتهى تقييم أُجري �ف ي عام 7102 لـ 27 مستشفى أن كل منها أنتج �ف ي المتوسط حوالي 2.8 كيلوغرامات من نفايات الأدوات الحادة يوميا،ً منها 5 كيلوغرامات ُفِصلت بطريقة آمنة وأن كمية بلغت 3.1 كيلوغرام فقط ُفِصلت وعولجت بطريقة آمنة (الشكل 66). وكذلك، أُنتجت كمية تبلغ 8.11 كيلو غرما ًمن النفايات المعدية يوميا ً�ف ي المتوسط، ولكن كمية تبلغ 5.1 كيلوغرامات فقط ُفِصلت وعولجت بطريقة آمنة. ول�أ ف كان من المهم ضمان معالجة نفايات الرعاية الصحية الخطرة والتخلص بطريقة آمنة، فمن المهم أيضا ًاستبعاد النفايات غ�ي الخطرة من مجاري النفايات ال�ت ي لا تعمل أفران ترميد النفايات دائمًا ولا يتوافر دائمًا الوقود اللازم لتشغيلها الشكل 56 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بأفران ترميد النفايات غير المعطلة مع توافر الوقود وقت إجراء المسح، حسب البلد (٪) ■ ■ 6 001 78 81 3 36 7 8 5 28 5 66 1 1 2 5 5 88 8 0606 08 06 0 02 0 غىر معطل الوقود متاح 02( 61 ل ) وما لص ا 02 ( 1 ش ) لادي بنغ 02 ( 1 ة ) حد لمت يا ا ىر ان ة ت وري مه ج 02 ( 1 ي ) لاو م 02 ( 1 دا ) وغن أ 02( 1 ة ) طي قرا ديم و ال ونغ الك ية هور جم 02 ( 21 و ) فاس ينا ورك ب 02 ( 71 كا ) لان سري 02 ( 21 و ) توغ 02 ( 1 ر ) نما ميا 02 ( 51 ل ) نيبا 85 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ت ت إدارة النفايا خدما تستلزم عمليات معالجة مكلفة، مثل التعقيم أو ال�ت ميد على درجة حرارة مرتفعة. وقد وانتهى تقييم أُجري �ف ي عام 4102 لمحتويات مجاري النفايات المعدية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية الأيرلندية إل أن 66٪ من مجرى النفايات ملوثة، وأن 91٪ من مواد التعبئة والتغليف نظيفة وغ�ي ة خطرة، وأن 51٪ غ�ي ملوثة وربما ل تنطوي على مخاطر (الشكل 76). وبلغت تكلفة الفرز غ�ي الصحيح للنفايات غ�ي الخطرة �ف ي مجرى نفايات الرعاية الصحية الخطرة حوالي 007 يورو للطن. وبناًء على كمية النفايات الناتجة (9.1 كيلوغرام و2.0 كيلوغرام لكل �ير داخل المستشفى �ف ي المستشفيات والمراكز الصحية، على التوالي )، قدرت الحكومة أن المستشفيات يمكن أن توفر ما يصل إل 000 72 يورو سنويا ًويمكن للمراكز الصحية توف�ي ما يصل إل 0006 يورو سنويا ًمن خلال ضمان استبعاد النفايات غ�ي الخطرة من مجاري النفايات الخطرة.65 وإضافة إل الآثار المالية الم�ت تبة على فصل النفايات بشكل مناسب، هناك قيود أخرى على الموارد ينبغي مراعاتها، ومنها إدارة المساحة ومواقع 65 /ecivda /sbup/ei.ape.www> ,4102 ,kroC ,sserP TIC ,emmargorp raey-3 a morf spit dna ecnadiug ,stluseR :seitilicaF erachtlaeH hsirI ni etsaW gnicudeR ,ycnegA noitcetorP latnemnorivnE hsirI fdp.ezis-decuder-telkoob-ecnadiug-etsawdoof-seitilicaF-erachtlaeh-hsirI-ni-etsaw-doof-gnicudeR/ssenisub02%neerg>. 75 -NEOT/TXETLLUF /moc.nepomahtneb> ,54–43 pp ,01 ,8102 ,secneicS latnemnorivnE nepO ,’acirfA htuoS ni tnemeganam etsaw lacidem fo weiver A‘ ,GT ,onagnatihsT dna ,SJ ,alogO ,CF ,yiynalO 43-01-JRIV التخلص من النفايات. و�ف ي جنوب أفريقيا، أنتجت مرافق الرعاية الصحية حوالي 000 54 طن من نفايات الرعاية الصحية �ف ي عام 3102. ولم تتمكن مواقع التخلص من النفايات المعتمدة من إدارة الكميات الكب�ي ة من نفايات الرعاية الصحية الواردة، وأُبّلغ عن دفنها بطريقة غ�ي قانونية.75 ويؤدي فصل النفايات غ�ي الخطرة واستبعادها من مجرى النفايات الخطرة إل تقليل كمية النفايات ال�ت ي يتع�ي ف معالجتها، ويمكن أن يساعد، ماكن ال�ت ي تكون فيها مواقع التخلص منها بطريقة آمنة موسعة أك�ش �ف ي الأ من اللازم، �ف ي تخفيف المخاطر الصحية المرتبطة بالدفن غ�ي القانو�ف ي للنفايات الطبية. وتهدف أفضل الممارسات �ف ي مجال إدارة النفايات إل تجنب أو استعادة وتدوير أك�ب قدر ممكن من المواد، بغية تقليل الحاجة إل معالجة النفايات والتخلص منها. 95 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ت ايا نف ة ال دار ت إ ما خد التخلص من المشيمة ينبغي أن تشمل إدارة النفايات المسببة للاأمراض التخلص بطريقة آمنة من المشيمة �ف ي أي مرفق ولدة. ول ينبغي معالجة المشيمة، والنفايات المرضية عموما، بالمطهرات الكيميائية ال�ت ي تدمر الكائنات الحية الدقيقة ال�ت ي تساعد �ف ي عملية التحلل. ويوصى بالدفن الآمن للنفايات المسببة من �ف ي محارق الجثام�ي ف . وهناك طرق مراض �ف ي المقابر أو الحرق الآ للاأ ي المرافق المنخفضة الموارد هي حفرة المشيمة، ال�ت ي معالجة شائعة �ف رض. و�ف ي بعض تسمح بتحلل المواد الصلبة حيويا ًوبت�ب السوائل إل الأ الثقافات، قد تفضل الأمهات وأ�هن أخذ المشيمة إل الم�ف ف ل أو دفنها بأنفسهن. و�ف ي ح�ي ف أن عدد قليل من البلدان لديها بيانات حول التخلص من المشيمة، فقد صرف بت كمبوديا مثال ًمث�ي ا ًللاهتمام �ف ي عام 6102. ففي 96٪ من المستشفيات والمراكز الصحية، كانت نفايات المشيمة تُعالج عادًة �ف ي حفر المشيمة المحمية �ف ي الموقع، و�ف ي 02٪ كانت الأم تأخذ المشيمة عادًة إل الم�ف ف ل، و�ف ي 6٪ كانت تُدفن �ف ي أرض المرفق. أما نسبة البالغة 5٪ المتبقية من المرافق، فكانت غ�ي مزودة بخدمة توليد (الشكل 86). وعندما ُسئل العاملون �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية عن القيود الرئيسية المرتبطة بالمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي المرفق، ذكرت نسبة بلغت 7٪ ممن أجابوا عن سؤال المسح عدم وجود حفر المشيمة على وجه التحديد. الكثير من النفايات الناتجة في مستشفيات اليمن لم ُتفصل أو ُتعالج الشكل 66 إنتاج نفايات الأدوات الحادة وفرزها ومعالجتها في مستشفيات اليمن (مشروع منظمة الصحة العالمية للصحة والتغذية في حالات الطوارئ، 7102) (٪) 0.5 كيلو غرامات/ يوم غىر مفصولة 3.1 كيلوغرام/ يوم لا تعالج بطريقة آمنة 2.8 كيلوغرامات/ يوم للا نتاج 8.1 كيلوغرام/ يوم للمعالجة بطريقة آمنة تحسين فصل النفايات يمكن أن يقلل من كمية نفايات الرعاية الصحية المرسلة لمعالجتها الشكل 76 نسبة النفايات في مجرى نفايات الرعاية الصحية الأيرلندية حسب مستوى التلوث (وكالة حماية البيئة الأيرلندية، 102) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 66 1 51 نفايات ملوثة )مخاطر عالية( نفايات غىر ملوثة )مخاطر منخفضة( مواد تعبئة نظيفة )لا توجد مخاطر( غالبًا ما ُتدفن المشيمة في حفرة مخصصة للمشيمة أو تنقلها الأم إلى المنزل الشكل 86 طرق التخلص من المشيمة في المستشفيات والمراكز الصحية الكمبودية (المعهد الوطني للصحة العمومية، 6102 العدد = 711) (٪) ■ ■ ■ 6 6 5 02 ■ توضع ڡى  حفرة محمية معينة ڡى  الموقع تأخذها الام إلى المىر  ل تدفن ڡى  أرض المرفق لا توجد خدمات ولادة 06 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ف البيئة ظي ت تن خدما خدمات تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 85 .ohw.www> ,6102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,leveL ytilicaF eraC htlaeH etucA dna lanoitaN eht ta semmargorP lortnoC dna noitneverP noitcefnI fo stnenopmoC eroC no senilediuG ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ne/stnenopmoc-cpi/cspg/tni>. 95 9102 ,atnaltA ,NACI dna CDC ,(TFARD) seitilicaF erachtlaeH ni gninaelC latnemnorivnE rof secitcarP tseB ,krowteN acirfA lortnoC noitcefnI dna noitneverP dna lortnoC esaesiD rof sretneC يؤدي التلوث البي�أ ي دوراً �ف ي الإ صابة بالعدوى المرتبطة بالرعاية الصحية. ويمكن لبعض الُممرضات المرتبطة بشكل متكرر بالعدوى المرتبطة بالرعاية الصحية البقاء على قيد الحياة لعدة أشهر على أسطح من قبيل �َّة والطاولت والأرضيات.85 وتنظيف البيئة الفعال تدخُّ ل قضبان الأ أساسي للوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها وقد ثبت أنه يقلل بشكل كب�ي من انتقال العدوى المرتبطة بالرعاية الصحية. ويش�ي تنظيف البيئة إل تنظيف (عند الصرف ورة) أسطح البيئة المحيطة وتطه�ي ها (مثل قضبان �َّة وأزرار التصال والكراسي ) وأسطح معدات رعاية المرصىف غ�ي الأ الحرجة (مثل أعمدة المحاليل والسماعات). 5 ويشمل تنظيف البيئة أيضا ًتنظيف الأرضيات والحمامات وتطه�ي ها، والتعامل مع انسكاب الدماء وسوائل الجسم. ويتطلب تنظيف البيئة منتجات مثل أدوات التنظيف (مثل تنظيف الملابس والمناديل والمماسح والدلء) ومواد التنظيف (مثل المنظفات والمطهرات) وكذلك معدات الوقاية الشخصية المخصصة للعامل�ي ف �ف ي التنظيف. وأيضا ًيتطلب تنظيف البيئة، �ف ي الأساس، إتاحة كميات كافية من المياہ النظيفة. وينبغي استخدام المنتجات والمواد المختلفة حسب ي ذلك التنظيف الروتي�ف ي الذي يجري الأنواع مختلفة من التنظيف، بما �ف بانتظام، والتنظيف النها�أ ي الذي يجري بعد خروج المريض، والتنظيف ال�يع الستجابة الذي يجري بعد وقوع أحداث معينة، مثل انسكاب الدم أو سوائل الجسم. ينبغي لجميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية وضع سياسات تنظيف البيئة ال�ت ي تصف نوع التنظيف ووت�ي ته المطلوب�ي ف لأغراض مختلفة، والشخص المسؤول عن التنظيف، وكيفية إجراء التنظيف وتسجيله. وينبغي أن تضع مرافق الرعاية الصحية بروتوكولت مكتوبة أو إجراءات تشغيل موحدة دوات والمواد ال�ت ي ينبغي استخدامها لكل نوع من أنواع معياريا ًتحدد الأ التنظيف وتوفر إرشادات خطوة بخطوة لتنفيذ العملية. وينبغي أن تصف إجراءات التشغيل الموحدة معياريا ًأيضا ًالخطوات التحض�ي ية، بما �ف ي ذلك استخدام معدات الوقاية الشخصية والخطوات النهائية، مثل إدارة التعامل مع مستلزمات التنظيف المتسخة. تنظيف البيئة الخدمة الأساسية ُتتاح بروتوكولات أساسية بشأن التنظيف، وجرى تدريب جميع العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف الخدمة المحدودة توجد بروتوكولات بشأن التنظيف و/ أو جرى تدريب بعض العاملين المسؤولين عن التنظيف على الأقل لا توجد خدمة لا ُتتاح بروتوكولات بشأن التنظيف ولم يجر تدريب أي من العاملين على التنظيف الشكل 6 التصنيف الأساسي لخدمات تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 16 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة يئ الب ف ظي تن ت ما خد خدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية ل تكون سياسات وإجراءات التشغيل الموحدة معياريا ًفعالة إل عندما يكون العاملون �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية على دراية بها ويُدربون على تنفيذها. وينبغي أن تحدد سياسات تنظيف البيئة بوضوح المسؤول عن أنواع التنظيف وتضع اش�ت اطات التدريبات التأسيسية والتجديدية لجميع العامل�ي ف الذين يتحملون مسؤوليات التنظيف. ويعرض هذا التقرير تصنيفا ًلخدمات تنظيف البيئة يحدد الحد ساسي من الخدمة ال�ت ي ينبغي توافره �ف ي جميع مرافق الرعاية الأد�ف الأ الصحية، ويستخدم البيانات المتاحة حاليا ًالواردة من المصادر الوطنية لتصنيف المرافق على أنها مزودة بخدمات أساسية، وخدمات محدودة، أو ل توجد بها خدمة (الشكل 96). ومستوى الخدمة الأساسية يتكون من وجود بروتوكولت مكتوبة ومتاحة وضمان أن جميع العامل�ي ف ذوي مسؤوليات التنظيف قد تلقوا التدريب. وتصنف المرافق ال�ت ي ليست لها بروتوكولت أو أن بها بعضا ًمنها ولكن لم يتلق جميع العامل�ي ف تدريبات على تنظيف البيئة على أنها ذات خدمة ي ح�ي ف أن المرافق ال�ت ي ليس بها بروتوكولت وتدريب تعت�ب محدودة، �ف غ�ي مزودة بالخدمة. وعلى الصعيد العالمي، هناك أربعة بلدان فقط لديها تقديرات وطنية ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية (الشكل 07). لخدمة تنظيف البيئة الأ وجميع البلدان الثلاثة تتوافر لديها بيانات إما عن توافر بروتوكولت التنظيف أو تدريب العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية (الشكل 17). ومن أصل البلدان ال�ت ي تتوافر بشأنها مجمعت�ي ف من المعلومات، كانت ال�ب وتوكولت متاحة أك�ش من التدريب �ف ي ملديف وتونس، بينما كان التدريب أك�ش شيوعا بقليل من وجود ال�ب وتوكولت �ف ي الجبل الأسود. كانت تقديرات خدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية متاحة عن أربعة بلدان في عام 6102 الشكل 07 لا تضم جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية بروتوكولات تتعلق بتنظيف البيئة ولم يحصل جميع العاملين على تدريبات في البلدان التي لديها بيانات في عام 6102 ينو مار ان س سود الا  بل لج ا س تون يف ملد لا توجد خدمة توجد خدمة محدودة توجد خدمة أساسية 001 08 06 0 02 0 001 08 3 81 51 8 5 83 لا تضم جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية بروتوكولات تتعلق بتنظيف البيئة ولم يحصل جميع العاملين على تدريبات في البلدان التي لديها بيانات في عام 6102 الشكل 17 البروتوكولات والتدريب على خدمات تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية، 6102 (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 6 26 1 15 3 08 58 0 001001001 *** بروتوكولات التنظيف التدريب على التنظيف * البيانات غىر متاحة الصىں „ ملديف تونس الجبل الا­سود ليبىر يا آذربيجان سان مارينو 26 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ف البيئة ظي ت تن خدما مؤشرات إضافية لرصد تنظيف البيئة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يجب أن تضع الحكومات معاي�ي خاصة بها لتنظيف البيئة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، وأن تضع برامج لتحس�ي ف خدماتها بما يتماسش مع تقوية النظام الصحي. والمؤ�ش العالمي لخدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية هي نقطة انطلاق مفيدة ولكنها ل تتضمن جوانب مهمة، مثل النظافة الملحوظة، وتكرار التنظيف، وتوافر مستلزمات التنظيف واستخدام معدات الوقاية الشخصية. و�ف ي بعض ساسي قد تحقق مرافق الرعاية الصحية، قد يكون مستوى الخدمة الأ بالفعل، ولكن خدمات تنظيف البيئة لتزال بحاجة إل التحس�ي ف . وقد تنظر البلدان �ف ي مؤ�ش ات إضافية تتوافق مع مستويات خدمة أك�ش تقدما ًوفقا ًللاأولويات والموارد المتاحة. وتوضح الأمثلة التالية الرصد ساسي لتنظيف البيئة الوط�ف ي �ف ي مستويات تتجاوز مستوى الخدمة الأ �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية وليس المقصود أن تكون شاملة. 36 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة يئ الب ف ظي تن ت ما خد النظافة المشاَهدة �ف ي ح�ي ف أن رصد عناصر خدمات تنظيف البيئة الأساسية (توافر ال�ب وتوكولت ومدى التدريب) عادًة ما تكون قابلة للمقارنة بشكل أك�ش موضوعية وبموارد أقل من مراقبة نظافة المرفق مبا�ش ًة، يمكن أن توفر البيانات المتعلقة بنظافة مرافق الرعاية الصحية معلومات إضافية مفيدة. وتقدم المسوح ال�ت ي أُجريت �ف ي ملاوي والسنغال وبنغلاديش أمثلة على نظم الرصد ال�ت ي تجري فيها فرق المسح عمليات تفتيش مفاجئة داخل المرافق وتسجيل ما إذا كان يبدو أن المناضد الطولية والطاولت والكراسي قد نظفت وأن الأرضيات قد ُكنست (الشكل 27). و�ف ي تونس، بلغت درجة النظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية 45٪، بناًء على خمسة معاي�ي لوحظت:06 هناك جداول تنظيف منشورة هناك اح�ت ام لجداول التنظيف الأرضيات والجدران والأسقف نظيفة عدم وجود رائحة كريهة أو رائحة تبغ عدم وجود الغبار والأوساخ على الأثاث 06 06 gro.fchniw> ,7102 ,sinuT ,enneisinuT euqilbupéR ,sreilatipsoh snios ed setinu sed te esab ed étnas ed sertnec sed enèigyh’l ed taté’l ed noitaulavE ,étnaS ed ertsiniM>. 16 ne/ch_she/snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www> ,8002 ,aveneG ,OHW ,eraC htlaeH ni sdradnatS htlaeH latnemnorivnE laitnessE ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW>. 26 6102 ,ytic ,noisiviD gnireenignE htlaeH cilbuP ,natuhB fo slatipsoh ni sutatS :seitilicaF eraC htlaeH ni eneigyH & noitatinaS ,retaW gnidnatsrednU ,htlaeH fo yrtsiniM natuhB, <fdp.6102-tropeR-FCH-NI-HSAW/stnemucod/gro.fchnihsaw.www>. تواتر التنظيف توصىي المبادئ التوجيهية العالمية بتنظيف جميع الأسطح فقية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية يوميا ًعلى الأقل وم�ت كانت غ�ي الأ نظيفة.16ويُنصح بالتنظيف بالممسحة مع الماء الساخن والمنظفات. و�ف ي ح�ي ف أن عدداً قليلا ًمن البلدان لديه بيانات عن تواتر أساليب ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، فإن التنظيف الروتي�ف ي قد يكون التنظيف �ف أقل تواتراً عن مرة واحدة �ف ي اليوم �ف ي بعض المرافق وقد يكون أقل كث�ي اً من مرة كل يوم بالماء الساخن والمنظفات. وعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي بوتان، نُظفت نسبة بلغت 86٪ فقط من المستشفيات بالكلور أو المنظفات،26 أما �في كمبوديا، فقد نُظفت نسبة بلغت 97٪ من المرافق مرة واحدة على الأقل يوميا،ً واستخدمت نسبة بلغت 35٪ المنظفات يوميا ً�ف ي عام 6102 (الشكل 37). توافر مستلزمات التنظيف هناك حاجة إل توف�ي مواد التنظيف بطريقة ثابتة، بما �ف ي ذلك المنظفات والمطهرات، للتنظيف الروتي�ف ي ، لكن المطهر غالبا ًما يكون غ�ي متوافر. مرافق الرعاية الصحية ليست دائمًا نظيفة الشكل 27 النظافة المشاهدة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في ملاوي، السنغال وبنغلاديش (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 0 1 68 28 55 67 15 ■ عدادات/ جداول/ كراسى ممسوحة■ كنس الا رض بنغلاديش )4102( )العدد = 8451( السنغال )7102( )العدد = 187( ملاوي )3102( )العدد = 779( الشكل 37 تواتر التنظيف واستخدام المنظفات في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في كمبوديا (المعهد الوطني للصحة العمومية، 6102، العدد = 611) (٪) ُنظف نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية في كمبوديا يوميا باستخدام المنظفات في عام 6102 001 08 06 0 02 0 7 35 61 12 01 2 6 31 تنظيف تنظيف بمنظفات مرة واحدة ڡى الاسبوع مرة واحدة كل 3-4 أيام مرة واحدة كل يومىں  قل ڡى اليوم مرة واحدة على الا 46 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ف البيئة ظي ت تن خدما ومن 12 بلداً لديها بيانات، كان أقل من ثلاثة أرباع مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي سبعة بلدان مزودة بمطهر �ف ي غرفة فحص العيادات الخارجية �ف ي وقت إجراء المسح (الشكل 47). و�ف ي الصومال، كانت نسبة بلغت أقل من 04٪ من المرافق مزودة بمطهر �ف ي غرفة فحص العيادات الخارجية �ف ي عام 6102. تنظيف اللوازم في نقاط رعاية مختلفة ينبغي أن تكون معدات التنظيف المنفصلة متاحة �ف ي كل نقطة من نقاط الرعاية. و�ف ي بعض مرافق الرعاية الصحية، هناك فجوة واسعة ب�ي ف المناطق المختلفة. و�ف ي ملاوي، على سبيل المثال، كانت نسبة بلغت 78٪ من مناطق الولدة مزودة بمطهر متاح �ف ي عام 3102، �ف ي ح�ي ف كان المطهر موجوداً �ف ي 74٪ فقط من مناطق طفال (الشكل 57). وقد لوحظ نمط مماثل �ف ي مرافق تطعيم الأ الرعاية الصحية الت�ف ف انية �ف ي عام 4102. ومن ناحية أخرى، كان التوافر �ف ي السنغال مماثلا ًب�ي ف نقاط الرعاية المختلفة �ف ي عام 7102. في سبعة من أصل 12 بلدًا لديها بيانات، كان أقل من ثلاثة أرباع مرافق الرعاية الصحية مزودة بمطهر في غرفة الفحص بالعيادات الخارجية الشكل 7 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي يتوافر بها مطهر للبيئة في غرفة الفحص بالعيادات الخارجية في 12 بلدًا، 2102-7102 (٪) )6102( )5102( ) 102( )3102( ) 102( ) 102( )3102( )5102( )7102( )7102( )7102( )7102( )7102( )7102( )6102( )6102( )3102( )7102( )2102( )8102( )6102( 3 5 06 06 16 07 27 58 68 88 88 8 6 6 6 7 8 8 001 صفر 02 0 06 08 001 الصومال نيبال جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية هايىى  جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة بنغلاديش ملاوي جيبوىى  أوغندا سري لانكا نيجىر يا إثيوبيا النيجر كوت ديفوار الهند إندونيسيا بىں  كينيا توغو بوركينا فاسو غانا 56 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ية صح ة ال عاي الر ق راف في م ة يئ الب ف ظي تن ت ما خد قد يختلف توافر المطهر حسب نقطة الرعاية الشكل 7 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية ذات المطهر البيئي المتوافر في نقاط الرعاية المختلفة في السنغال وملاوي وجمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة (٪) 001 688888 28 7868 18 27 7 86 8 57 16 16 08 06 0 02 0 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ السنغال)7102( ملاوي )3102( جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة) 102( الولادة جراحات بسيطة العيادات الخارجية العامة الرعاية السابقة للولادة تطعيم الا„طفال 66 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم أوجه عدم المساواة 36 ,OHW ,egarevoc htlaeh lasrevinu rof evitarepmi labolg A :secivreS htlaeH ytilauQ gnirevileD ,knaB dlroW dna ,tnempoleveD dna noitarepo-oC cimonocE rof noitasinagrO ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW ne/noitacilbup/troper-ytilauq/ytefasyreviledecivres/tni.ohw.www> ,8102 ,aveneG ,knaB dlroW dna DCEO 46 دستور منظمة الصحة العالمية، منظمة الصحة العالمية، جنيف، 6491، <noitutitsnoc/era-ew-ohw/tuoba/tni.ohw.www>. 56 اللجنة المعنية بالمحددات الجتماعية للصحة، تضييق الفجوة �في جيل واحد: العدالة والإ نصاف �في المجال الصحي بفضل اتخاذ إجراءات حول المحددات الجتماعية للصحة، التقرير النها�أي للجنة المعنية بالمحددات الجتماعية للصحة، منظمة الصحة العالمية، جنيف، 8002، <ne/troperlanif/noissimmoceht/stnanimreted_laicos/tni.ohw.www>. 66 5102 ,aveneG ,OHW ,ytiuqe htlaeh gniveihca rof pets laitnesse nA :ytilauqenI htlaeH gnirotinoM ,noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW :elpmaxe rof eeS, <fdp.gne_1.4102_REG_CWF_OHW/948331/56601/eldnah /maertstib/siri/tni.ohw.sppa//:sptth>. تنت�ش أوجه عدم المساواة �ف ي الحصول على الرعاية الصحية ب�ي ف البلدان وداخلها. وغالبا ًل تتاح الرعاية للفئات الفق�ي ة والمهمشة وهي مراض والوفيات ال�ت ي يمكن تلافيها. وليزال من أك�ش الفئات عرضة للاأ غنياء والفقراء �ف ي إتاحة خدمات هناك تفاوت كب�ي ب�ي ف السكان الأ الرعاية الصحية، وخاصة تلك اللازمة للحد من وفيات الأمهات طفال. وتظهر أوجه عدم المساواة �ف ي الحصول على الرعاية والأ الصحية بوضوح �ف ي البلدان المنخفضة الدخل والبلدان المتوسطة الدخل، ولكن عدم المساواة سائد أيضا ً�ف ي المناطق المرتفعة الدخل.36 ومع ذلك، يُعد الحق �ف ي الصحة حقا ًأساسيا ًمن حقوق الإ نسان المكفولة للجميع، يؤكده العديد من اتفاقيات حقوق الإ نسان وكذلك دستور منظمة الصحة العالمية لعام 6491. 6 و�في عام 8002، وقد دعت اللجنة المعنية بالمحددات الجتماعية للصحة إل تعزيز رصد المساواة �ف ي الصحة والحد من أوجه عدم المساواة.56 ومنذ ذلك الح�ي ف ، أُوِلي َ اهتمام م�ت ف ايد لتقدير أوجه عدم المساواة �ف ي الصحة،66 وهناك محدِّ د رئيسي لعدم المساواة �في الحصائل الصحية هو عدم المساواة �ف ي إتاحة الرعاية الصحية الأولية والثانوية والثالثية ي المجتمعات المحلية. ومن ضمن العوائق ال�ت ي تحول دون إتاحة �ف الرعاية إتاحة عادلة التكاليُف غ�ي المبا�ش ة والمسافة ال�ت ي تُقطع إل مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بل توافر وجودة الخدمات �ف ي أنواع مختلفة من المرافق كذلك. وقد ركزت الفصول السابقة �ف ي هذا التقرير على خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة على المستوى الوط�ف ي والإ قليمي والعالمي. والإحصائيات المجمعة من هذا القبيل مفيدة لتتبع التقدم المحرز على الصعيد العالمي ولعقد المقارنات ب�ي ف البلدان، ولكن 76 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو تخفي أوجه عدم المساواة �ف ي الإ تاحة داخل البلدان. ويمكن دراستها من خلال تفصيل خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والنظافة الصحية حسب الأبعاد المختلفة لعدم المساواة (أو «طبقاتها») مع تسليط الضوء على الفجوات الكائنة �ف ي الخدمة. وقد يجمع مسح لتقييم المرافق الفردية أنواعا ًكث�ي ة من المعلومات ال�ت ي يمكن استخدامها لتصنيف مؤ�ش ات الخدمات المختلفة. ومع ذلك، ل تكون تلك الطبقات متسقة دائما ًمن مسح إل آخر، ح�ت داخل البلد نفسه. ويركز هذا التقرير على ثلاث طبقات رفيعة المستوى مدرجة �ف ي العديد من التقييمات: نوع مرفق الرعاية الصحية. يمكن أن ت�ت اوح المرافق الصحية ب�ي ف المستشفيات التدريبية المتقدمة ال�ت ي تضم الآلف من العامل�ي ف الذين ينفذون إجراءات معقدة �ف ي العيادات الريفية بواحد أو اثن�ي ف فقط من العامل�ي ف الذين يتمتعون بالحد الأد�ف من التدريب والموارد. وتوفر أنواع المرافق المختلفة أنواعا ً مختلفة من الخدمات الصحية، وقد تختلف تغطية خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وغ�ي ها من الخدمات الأساسية اختلافا ًكب�ي اً حسب نوع المرفق. ول تستخدم نظم التقييم والرصد الوطنية تصنيفا ًثابتا ًلأنواع المرافق، لكن كث�ي اً منها يسجل ما إذا كانت المرافق ال�ت ي يجري تقييمها عبارة عن مستشفيات أم ل. وعلى ذلك، أعد برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة تقديرات منفصلة للمستشفيات وأنواع المرافق الأخرى المصنفة على أنها مرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات. السلطة القائمة على الإ دارة. �ف ي معظم البلدان، تُقدم خدمات الرعاية الصحية من خلال مزيج من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الحكومية (مثل المستشفيات العامة، والمراكز الصحية والعيادات) والمرافق غ�ي الحكومية، ال�ت ي قد تشمل المرافق ال�ت ي تديرها المؤسسات الخاصة الهادفة للربح، وغ�ي الهادفة للربح (بما �ف ي ذلك المنظمات الدينية) ومقدمي الرعاية الصحية الفردي�ي ف . ول تجمع بعض التقييمات معلومات إل عن المرافق الحكومية، بينما يُقيِّم البعض الآخر أنواعا ًمختلفة من المرافق غ�ي الحكومية. وعدد قليل نسبيا ًمن البلدان لديه قاعدة بيانات وطنية واحدة تغطي جميع سلطات إدارة مرافق الرعاية الصحية. الموقع الجغرا�ف ي . ل تُوزع مرافق الرعاية الصحية بالتساوي �ف ي جميع أنحاء البلاد، وقد تكون المرافق �ف ي المناطق النائية أك�ش عرضة للافتقار إل الخدمات الأساسية. وتسجل معظم التقييمات موقع مرافق الرعاية الصحية حسب المنطقة دون الإ قليمية أو الحي أو أي وحدة إدارية أخرى. ول�أ ف كانت البيانات المتعلقة بالمناطق دون الوطنية مهمة للتخطيط الوط�ف ي ، فلا يمكن تجميعها بسهولة على المستوي�ي ف الإ قليمي والعالمي. وتسجل بعض التقييمات ما إذا كانت مرافق الرعاية الصحية موجودة �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية أو الريفية، وهو تمي�ي ف أك�ش فائدة للتحليل على المستوي�ي ف الإ قليمي والعالمي. بشكل عام، يوجد عدد أقل من البلدان ال�ت ي بها بيانات مصنفة بشأن خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة مقارنًة بما لديها من البيانات الوطنية لجميع مجالت الخدمة المختلفة (الشكل 67). فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن 83 بلداً لديها بيانات عن خدمات ساسية على المستوى الوط�ف ي ، فإن نصفها (91) لديها بيانات المياہ الأ عن المناطق الحصرف ية والريفية. تفتقر بلدان عديدة إلى بيانات مصنفة عن خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية الشكل 67 عدد البلدان التي لديها بيانات وطنية ومصنفة عن خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية، 6102 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 05 0 03 02 01 0 83 22 72 12 1 1 1 81 7 21 8 6 8 1 7 3 35 5 8 6 73 23 03 72 72 1 12222 على المستوى الوطىى  مستشفيات المرافق الاخرى بخلاف المستشفيات حكومية منظمات غىر حكومية مناطق حصر ية مناطق ريفية المياه الاŽصحاح النظافة العامة إدارة النفايات تنظيف البيئة 86 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم ومن المرجح أن يكون لدى البلدان بيانات مصنفة عن عناصر فردية من مؤ�ش ات الخدمة الأساسية مقارنًة بمؤ�ش ات الخدمة الأساسية نفسها، ولكن ليزال هناك عدد قليل فقط من العناصر الفردية ال�ت ي بها ما يكفي من البيانات المصنفة لجعل التقديرات العالمية ممكنة (الجدول 7). وعلاوة على ذلك، فإن التوزيع غ�ي المتساوي للبيانات يُعقِّ د تحليل أوجه عدم المساواة على المستوي�ي ف الإ قليمي والعالمي، ن البلدان المساِهمة �ف ي التقديرات العالمية قد تختلف من إحصائية لأ إل أخرى. ويوضح الجدول 7 أن 09٪ من المستشفيات و45٪ من المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات على مستوى العالم لديها مرافق نظافة يدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية. وتعتمد الإحصائيتان كلتاهما على بيانات تمثل نسبة ت�ت اوح ب�ي ف 53٪ و83٪ من سكان العالم. ومع ذلك، تتأثر بيانات المستشفيات بشدة بالهند، ال�ت ي لم يكن لديها بيانات يمكن خرى غ�ي المستشفيات، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن تقدير مقارنتها بشأن المرافق الأ تلك المرافق يعكس تأث�ي البيانات الواردة من الص�ي ف ، ال�ت ي تفتقر إل بيانات يمكن مقارنتها بشأن المستشفيات. ولذلك، ينبغي إجراء المقارنات للاإحصائيات الإجمالية بحذر. ويمكن إجراء تحليل أك�ش قوة من خلال مقارنة التقديرات المزدوجة للبلدان ال�ت ي لديها بيانات لكلا النوع�ي ف من المرافق. ويوضح الشكل ي معظم البلدان ال�ت ي لديها بيانات، من المرجح أن توجد 77 أنه �ف المؤشر وضع أفضل وضع أسوأ العالمي المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات: 11٪ لا توجد خدمة المستشفيات: ٪ مياہ لا توجد خدمة غير الحكومية: 6٪ الحكومية: 21٪ مياہ لا توجد خدمة المناطق الحضرية: 5٪ المناطق الريفية: 51٪ مياہ المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات: 02٪ لا توجد خدمة المستشفيات: ٪ إصحاح لا توجد خدمة الحكومية: 61٪ غير الحكومة: 63٪ إصحاح المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات: 5٪ النظافة العامة المستشفيات: 0 ٪ في نقاط الرعاية المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات: 06٪ فصل النفايات المستشفيات: 57٪ * البيانات من عام 5102: بيانات غير كافية لإجراء تقدير عالمي لعام 6102. الجدول 7 تقديرات عالمية مصنفة لخدمة المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في عام 6102 من المرجح أن تكون خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة غير متوافرة في المناطق الريفية وفي المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات وفي مرافق الرعاية الصحية الحكومية الشكل 77 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير المزودة بخدمات المياہ أو الإصحاح في عام 6102، حسب طبقات عدم المساواة (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 غىر حكومية صفر صفر مية كو ح 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 مرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات صفر صفر 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 مناطق ريفية صفر صفر ات شفي ست م ية صر  ق ح ناط م 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 غىر حكومية صفر صفر مية كو ح 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 مرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات صفر صفر ات شفي ست م 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 مناطق ريفية صفر صفر ية صر  ق ح ناط م 96 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو مرافق رعاية صحية ل تتوافر بها خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة، �ف ي المناطق الريفية، وأن يقل تمتع المستشفيات بالخدمات مقارنًة بالمرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات. ومن المحتمل بدرجة أك�ب قليلا ألَّ تتمتع المرافق الحكومية بأي خدمات مياہ أو إصحاح مقارنًة بالمرافق غ�ي الحكومية، ولكن هناك تباين أك�ب ب�ي ف البلدان �ف ي هذا التقسيم الطبقي. وقد يكون هذا جزئيا ًبسبب الفروق �ف ي المرافق غ�ي الحكومية، ال�ت ي قد تشمل العيادات المجتمعية المحلية الصغ�ي ة والمستشفيات الخاصة الكب�ي ة. وغالبا ًما تأ�ت ي البيانات المتعلقة بموقع مصدر المياہ ونوعه ومدى توافر المياہ من مصدر من مصادر مختلفة، ولكن برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة يستخدم جميع البيانات الوطنية المتاحة لإ نتاج التقديرات (انظر الملحق 1: أساليب برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة). و�ف ي بعض الحالت، تتوفر جميع المعلومات اللازمة لحساب تغطية الخدمة الأساسية من مصدر بيانات وحيد (الشكل 87). وقد انتهى المسح المستمر لتقديم خدمات الرعاية الصحية لعام 7102 إل أنه على الرغم من أن جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقريبا ً�ف ي السنغال (> 89٪) كان بها نوع من مرافق المياہ وكان استخدام المصادر المحّسنة مرتفعا ً(> 58٪) �ف ي جميع المرافق، فقد كانت التغطية بخدمات المياہ الأساسية أقل بشكل كب�ي �ف ي المناطق الريفية مما كانت عليه �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية. وكانت التغطية بالخدمات الأساسية بالمرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات والمرافق الحكومية أقل، لأن المياہ لم تكن متوافرة دائما ًوقت التقييم ح�ت عندما كانت لديها إمدادات مياہ محّسنة. خدمات المياہ الأساسية في مرافق الرعاية الصحية يمكن أن تختلف على نطاق واسع باختلاف المرفق الشكل 87 خدمات المياہ في المسح المستمر لتقديم خدمات الرعاية الصحية في السنغال، 7102 (٪) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 مرفق مصدر ُمحسَّ ن مصدر محسَّ ن على بُعد 005 مىر مصدر محسَّ ن ڡى  المبىى مصدر ُمحسَّ ن ومتاح توجد خدمة أساسية مرافق بخلاف حكومية غىر حكومية المستشفيات على المستوى مناطق حصر ية مناطق ريفية مستشفيات الوطىى  )٪( ية صح ة ال رعاي ق ال راف ة م سب ن 07 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم نوع الِمرفق ل يوجد نظام تصنيف عالمي يصف أنواع المرافق المختلفة ال�ت ي تشّكل نظاما ًصحيا ًوطنيا.ً وهناك تصنيف عام للخدمات، بما �ف ي ذلك الرعاية الأولية والثانوية والثالثية، حيث تُقدَّ م خدمات الرعاية الصحية الثانوية والثالثية عادًة، وإن لم يكن دائما،ً �ف ي المستشفيات بعد الإحالة من أخصا�أ ي الرعاية الأولية. والمستشفيات مرافق رعاية صحية كب�ي ة توفر طائفة من صور الرعاية للمرصىف المقيم�ي ف ومرصىف العيادات الخارجية. ولدى البلدان تعاريف مختلفة للعناصر ال�ت ي تشّكل المستشفى، وعادًة ما يكون لديها طائفة من �َّة أنواع المستشفيات ال�ت ي تؤدي وظائف مختلفة (الجدول 8). وعدد الأ المتاحة لخدمات المرصىف المقيم�ي ف إحدى الخصائص ال�ت ي تم�ي ف الأنواع المختلفة من المستشفيات. ولية �ف ي المستشفيات، ولكن �ف ي كث�ي ويمكن تقديم الرعاية الصحية الأ ول بالنظام الصحي �ف ي من الحالت، تكون نقطة اتصال المرصىف الأ مرفق رعاية صحية أصغر. ويمكن أن تقدم طائفة واسعة من المرافق، بخلاف المستشفيات، الرعاية الأولية، ولكن ل توجد مجموعة ثابتة من المصطلحات ال�ت ي تصف هذه المؤسسات المتباينة. وإذ يمكن أن توجد مرافق الرعاية الصحية الصغرى تلك �ف ي المناطق الريفية وشبه الحصرف ية أو الحصرف ية، وغالبا ًما تقدم خدمة العيادات الخارجية ولكن ل تقدم رعاية المرصىف المقيم�ي ف . وبعض المصطلحات الأك�ش استخداما ًللاإ شارة إل المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات تشمل: المركز الصحي، ومركز الرعاية الصحية الأولية، والمركز الصحي المجتمعي العيادة، العيادة الشاملة الوحدة الصحية وحدة الرعاية الصحية الأساسية وحدة الإ سعافات الأولية المستوصف العيادة المتخصصة (مثل عيادة الأسنان، وعيادة الصحة النفسية) مكتب الطبيب العيادة المتنقلة (مثل عيادة التطعيم) وم�ت سمحت البيانات، يجمع برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة جميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية غ�ي المصنفة كمستشفيات إل المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات للتحليل المجمع، باستثناء المرافق الصغ�ي ة للغاية (مثل المستوصفات ومكاتب الأطباء والعيادات المتنقلة) والعيادات التخصصية. ونظراً إل أن الدول لديها دائما ًالعديد من المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيات، فالإحصاءات الوطنية لجميع مرافق الرعاية الصحية تتأثر بشدة بالظروف السائدة �ف ي تلك المرافق. ولدى العديد من البلدان بيانات مصنفة حول خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة المختلفة للمستشفيات وتلك المرافق. وبشكل عام، تكون الخدمات أعلى �ف ي المستشفيات، و�ف ي بعض الحالت توجد فجوات كب�ي ة (الشكل 97). فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، ارتفعت التغطية بخدمات النظافة العامة �ف ي نقاط الرعاية وإدارة النفايات ساسية بأك�ش من 02 نقطة مئوية �ف ي المستشفيات عنها �ف ي المرافق الأ الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات، وأك�ش من 04 نقطة لمصادر المياہ المحّسنة القائمة �ف ي المب�ف ومرافق الإصحاح المحّسنة. و�ف ي بوركينا فاسو، 68٪ من المستشفيات، ولكن 23٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الأخرى فقط، تتمتع بخدمات أساسية لإ دارة النفايات. و�ف ي بنغلاديش وزمبابوي، كانت التباينات ب�ي ف المستشفيات والمرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات أقل بكث�ي . و�ف ي عدد قليل من الحالت (مثل حالة ليب�ي يا وغانا)، كانت التغطية ببعض خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة أعلى �ف ي المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيات منها �ف ي المستشفيات. نوع المرفق البيان المصطلح ذو الصلة مستشفى وطني مستشفى مركزي مستشفى أكاديمي أو تعليمي أو جامعي عاملون متخصصون ومعدات تقنية - مثل أمراض القلب والعناية المركزة ووحدات التصوير المتخصصة؛ والخدمات السريرية المتباينة للغاية حسب الوظيفة؛ ويمكن أن تمارس أنشطة تعليمية؛ ويتراوح حجمها بين 003 و0051 سرير مستوى مستشفيات الرعاية الثالثية مستشفى إقليمي مستشفى منطقة مستشفى عام متباين للغاية حسب الوظيفة مع خمسة إلى عشرة تخصصات سريرية؛ ويتراوح حجمها بين 002 و008 سرير مستوى مستشفيات الرعاية الثانوية مستشفى حي مستشفى ريفي مستشفى مجتمعي محلي مستشفى عام بعض التخصصات - وهي طب الأمراض الباطنة، وأمراض النساء والتوليد، وطب الأطفال، والجراحة العامة، أو الممارسة العامة فقط - خدمات مختبرية محدودة متاحة للتحليل المرضي العام ولكن غير المتخصص مستوى مستشفيات الرعاية الأولية الجدول 8 أوصاف ومصطلحات لأنواع مختلفة من المستشفيات76 76 dlroW dna tnempoleveD dna noitcurtsnoceR rof knaB lanoitanretnI ehT ,’slatipsoh larrefeR‘ 66 retpahC ,noitide dnoces ,seirtnuoC gnipoleveD ni seitiroirP lortnoC esaesiD ,.sde ,.la te TD ,nosimaJ fdp.slatipsohlarrefer/tnemeganam/tni.ohw.www> ,6002 ,kroY weN ,sserP ytisrevinU drofxO dna ,.C.D notgnihsaW ,knaB 17 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو يمكن أن تؤثر هذه التباينات على قدرة العامل�ي ف �ف ي مجال الرعاية الصحية �ف ي المرافق الصغرى على توف�ي رعاية جيدة. فعلى سبيل المثال، �ف ي جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى، اضطر العاملون �ف ي نسبة بلغت 26٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية و68٪ من المراكز الصحية إل جمع المياہ من مصادر موجودة خارج المرفق، مقارنًة بنسبة بلغت 62٪ من المستشفيات (الشكل 08). ومن ب�ي ف هذه التقارير، استغرق جمع المياہ أك�ش من 03 دقيقة �ف ي كل اتجاه �ف ي 01٪ من المستشفيات، و9٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية و31٪ من المراكز الصحية. وُسجِّ لت تفاوتات كب�ي ة أيضا ً�ف ي كمبوديا، حيث نظفت 08٪ من المستشفيات المرفق بالمنظفات مرة واحدة على الأقل يوميا ًمقارنة بـ 84٪ من مرافق خرى (الشكل 18). و�ف ي ح�ي ف لم تبّلغ أي مستشفيات الرعاية الصحية الأ عن التنظيف بوت�ي ة أقل من كل يوم�ي ف ، ونظفت نسبة بلغت 21٪ من خرى بالمنظفات مرة واحدة فقط �ف ي الأسبوع. مرافق الرعاية الصحية الأ وداخل الفئات العامة للمستشفيات والمرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات، يمكن أن يكون هناك تباين كب�ي �ف ي المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة البنية التحتية والخدمات (الشكل 38). و�ف ي نيبال، كان لدى أنواع مختلفة من المستشفيات تغطية ما بتوصيلات الصرف الصحي أو صهاريج التعف�ي ف بنسبة تراوحت ب�ي ف 76٪ و001٪، �ف ي ح�ي ف تراوحت التغطية بالمياہ نابيب �ف ي المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات ب�ي ف 34٪ من المنقولة بالأ الوحدات الصحية الفرعية إل 17٪ �ف ي مواقع اختبار الكشف عن ف�ي وس العوز المناعي الب�ش ي والستشارات. البيانات التفصيلية تكشف عن تباينات بين المستشفيات وغير المستشفيات الشكل 7 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها مصادر مياہ محّسنة في المبنى، وخدمات إصحاح محّسنة، ومرافق نظافة الأيدي في نقاط الرعاية، وإدارة النفايات الأساسية، 6102 (٪) بنغلاديش بىں  بوركينا فاسو بوروندي تشاد جزر القمر الكونغو جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوىى  إثيوبيا غانا هايىى  كينيا ليبىر يا ملاوي موريتانيا ميانمار نيبال نيجىر يا سان مارينو السنغال الصومال سري لانكا أوغندا جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة زامبيا زمبابوي 0 02 0 06 08 001 مرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات مستشفياتمرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات مستشفياتمرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات مستشفياتمرافق أخرى بخلاف المستشفيات مستشفيات نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  تتوافر بهامصادر مياه محّسنة ڡى  أماكن العمل )٪( ڡى  عام 6102 0 02 0 06 08 0010 02 0 06 08 0010 02 0 06 08 001 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  تتوافربها خدمات إصحاح محّسنة )٪( ڡى  عام 6102 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  تتوافر بهاخدمة النظافة العامة ڡى  نقطة الرعاية )٪( ڡى  عام 6102 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  تتوافر بها ساسية للنفايات )٪( ڡى  عام 6102 الا² دارة الا± العاملون في المرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات في جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى يقضون مزيدًا من الوقت في جمع المياہ الشكل 08 مدة الانتقال في اتجاه مصدر المياہ ذهابًا فقط (بالدقائق) في جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى (مسح البيانات الأساسية للمرفق الصحي، 6102) (٪) ■ 06–13 ■ 02–11 ■ 01–1 ■ ■ 03–12■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 وحدة صحية )العدد =311( مركز صحي )العدد =801( المستشفيات )العدد =111( مرة واحدة كل يومىں  )٪( ية صح ة ال رعاي ق ال راف ة م سب ن <06 دقيقة 7 5 61 83 83 1 25 01 21 11 2 7 8 5 1 27 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم السلطة القائمة على الإدارة كث�ي اً ما تدير الحكومات مرافق الرعاية الصحية إدارة مبا�ش ة، إما من خلال مؤسسات حكومة مركزية وإما محلية. وقد تدير مرافَق الرعاية الصحية غ�ي الحكومية �ش كات ربحية خاصة، وِجهاُت تقديِم خدمة غ�ي ربحية (بما �ف ي ذلك المنظمات الدينية)، ومقدمو الرعاية الصحية الفردية مثل الأطباء الفردي�ي ف . و�ف ي بعض البلدان، و�ف ي حالة بعض المؤ�ش ات، تكون التغطية أعلى للمرافق الحكومية، لكن العكس هو الصحيح �ف ي حالت أخرى. وعلى الصعيد العالمي، لم يتمتع ما يصل إل ضعف عدد المرافق الحكومية (21٪) بخدمات المياہ مقارنًة بالمرافق غ�ي الحكومية (6٪)86، ولكن العكس كان صحيحا ً�ف ي كينيا وب�ف ف وغانا (الشكل 38). وعلى الصعيد العالمي، كان أك�ش من ضعف المرافق غ�ي الحكومية يعا�ف ي من عدم توافر الإصحاح (63٪) مقارنًة بالمرافق الحكومية (61٪)، ولكن �ف ي 61 من أصل 72 بلداً لديها بيانات، كانت المرافق الحكومية أك�ش ميلا ً لعدم وجود الإصحاح. ويوضح الشكل 38 أنه ليس هناك 86 86 على الصعيد العالمي، لم تُزوَّ د نسبة بلغت ٪6 من مرافق الرعاية الصحية غ�ي الحكومية بخدمة المياہ �في عام 5102. ولم تكن البيانات كافية لإ جراء تقدير عالمي لعام 6102. تنظف المستشفيات بوتيرة أعلى من وتيرة تنظيف المرافق الصحية الأخرى في كمبوديا الشكل 18 تواتر واضح في التنظيف في المراكز الصحية والمستشفيات الكمبودية (المعهد الوطني للصحة العمومية، 6102) ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 87 31 7 2 8 51 52 21 88 31 08 02 مرة واحدة ڡى  الاسبوع مرة واحدة كل ٣-٤ أيام مرة واحدة كل يومىں  مرة واحدة على الاقل المركز الصحي: التنظيف باستخدام المنظفات المركز الصحي: أي تنظيف المستشفى: تنظيف باستخدام المنظفات المستشفى: أي تنظيف تختلف إتاحة المياہ المنقولة بالأنابيب ووصلات الصرف الصحي أو صهاريج التعفين اختلافًا واسع النطاق باختلاف المستشفيات والمرافق الأخرى غير المستشفيات في نيبال الشكل 28 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية في نيبال المزودة بمواسير مياہ وصرف صحي أو صهاريج تعفين، حسب نوع المرفق (تقييم تقديم الخدمة، 5102) (٪) 3 85 55 17 07 06 87 18 001 001 6 38 06 36 6 6 17 7 87 38 57 001 38 76 001 1 001 08 8 58 00108060 02000108060 020 الوحدات الصحية الفرعية )العدد = 211( وحدة صحية )العدد = 312( المركز الصحي الحصر ي )العدد= 74( اختبار الكشف عن فىر† وس العوز المناعي البسر­ ي ومواقع الاستشارة )العدد= 15( مركز الرعاية الصحية الاŽولية )العدد = 002( جميع المرافق الاŽخرى بخلاف المستشفيات )العدد = 227( المستشفيات الحكومية على مستوى الاŽحياء )العدد = 81( المستشفيات الحكومية ڡى † الاŽحياء )العدد = 85( المستشفيات الحكومية على المستوى دون الاŸ قليمي )العدد = 3( المستشفيات الحكومية الاŸ قليمية )العدد = 2( المستشفيات الحكومية على مستوى المناطق )العدد = 11( المستشفيات الحكومية المركزية )العدد = 6( المستشفيات الحكومية المركزية )العدد = 5( المستشفيات الاŽخرى )لا تملكها الدولة( )العدد = 661( جميع المستشفيات )العدد = 072( نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بوصلات الصرف الصحي أو صهاريج التعفىں†  )٪( نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية المزودة بالمياه المنقولة بالاŽنابيب )٪( 37 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو نمط مش�ت ك ب�ي ف البلدان �ف ي المرافق الحكومية وغ�ي الحكومية. وكذلك، يوضح الشكل 48 أن ستة بلدان لديها بيانات قابلة للمقارنة، ولم تظهر التغطية المحّسنة بالإصحاح بها أي نمط ثابت ب�ي ف الأنواع المختلفة للسلطات الإ دارية غ�ي الحكومية. لا توجد أنماط واضحة في خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة حسب السلطة القائمة على إدارة مرفق الرعاية الصحية الشكل 38 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها خدمة المياہ والإصحاح وإدارة النفايات، حسب السلطة القائمة على الإدارة، 6102 (٪) 0 02 0 06 08 0010 02 0 06 08 0010 02 0 06 08 001 حكومية غىر حكوميةحكومية غىر حكوميةحكومية غىر حكومية فيها خدمة المياه ڡى  عام 6102 )٪(نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  لا تتوافر فيها خدمة الاƒصحاح ڡى  عام 6102 )٪(نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  لا تتوافر فيها خدمة المياه ڡى عام 6102 )٪(نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية الىى  لا تتوافر جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية تشاد النيجر نيجىر يا إثيوبيا جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة الصومال الكونغو جيبوىى‹ زامبيا هايىى‹ كينيا بنغلاديش السنغال سىر اليون موريتانيا نيبال زمبابوي أوغندا بىں  بوركينا فاسو ملاوي غانا سري لانكا المكسيك سان مارينو أنتيغوا وبربودا غرينادا جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية نيجىر يا جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة موريتانيا الصومال إثيوبيا تشاد الهند هايىى‹ سىر اليون النيجر ملاوي السنغال غانا أوغندا بنغلاديش زامبيا كينيا بىں  سري لانكا نيبال جيبوىى‹ بوركينا فاسو الكونغو زمبابوي أنتيغوا وبربودا سان مارينو الكونغو بنغلادش الصومال نيبال موريتانيا هايىى‹ جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية السنغال نيجىر يا ميانمار جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة سري لانكا بىں  كينيا ملاوي بوركينا فاسو زمبابوي سىر اليون سان مارينو مصر 47 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم الموقع الجغرافي يمثل الموقع الجغرا�ف ي سببا ًقويا ًلعدم المساواة، وكث�ي ا ما يواجه شخاص الذين يعيشون �ف ي المناطق الريفية أو النائية صعوبة �ف ي الأ الحصول على الرعاية الصحية الجيدة، خاصة خارج نطاق الرعاية الأولية. والعديد من البلدان المنخفضة الدخل والمتوسطة الدخل بها عدد كب�ي من سكان الريف ويمكن أن تكون لديها أعداد كب�ي ة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الصغ�ي ة. و�ف ي مثل هذه الحالت، تهيمن على الإحصاءات الوطنية ي غالبية البلدان ال�ت ي لديها بيانات مفصلة، تتمتع المرافق الريفية. و�ف مرافق الرعاية الصحية الريفية بخدمات مياہ وإصحاح ونظافة عامة حالها أسوأ باستمرار من المرافق الحصرف ية (الشكل 58). وقد لوحظت أك�ب الفوارق �ف ي جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، مع وجود فجوة قدرها 05 نقطة مئوية لعدم وجود خدمات الإصحاح، و�ف ي النيجر، بلغت نسبتها 74٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي المناطق الريفية مع وجود 2٪ فقط من خدمات الرعاية الصحية �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية. لا توجد اتجاهات واضحة حسب نوع مرفق الرعاية الصحية غير الحكومي الشكل 8 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لا تتوافر فيها خدمة الإصحاح المحّسن، بين السلطات غير الحكومية القائمة بالإدارة (٪) ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 )31APS( ) 1ARAS( )21ARAS()31ARAS()21ARAS()31ARAS( المؤسسات الخاصة الهادفة للربح المنظمات الا رسالية/ العقائدية، المنظمات غىر الحكومية/ المؤسسات الخاصة غىر الهادفة للربح جمهورية الكونغو بىں„ „ توغو سىر اليون بوركينا فاسو الديمقراطية هايىىŠ  خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة عادًة ما تكون أفضل في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في المناطق الحضرية الشكل 58 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير المزودة بخدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وإدارة النفايات، حسب الموقع الحضري والريفي، 6102 (٪) 08060 020060 02008060 020 mm 718,1 08 نيجىر يا جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة موريتانيا الصومال توغو إثيوبيا تشاد هايىى  غانا ميانمار النيجر سىر اليون السنغال جيبوىى  أوغندا زامبيا بىں  سري لانكا ملاوي بوركينا فاسو بنغلاديش إندونيسيا كينيا الكونغو زمبابوي ملديف جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية النيجر نيجىر يا تشاد الصومال بىں  جيبوىى  إثيوبيا جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة ميانمار الكونغو بىر و توغو هايىى  زامبيا السنغال موريتانيا بنغلاديش الصىں  سىر اليون أوغندا زمبابوي كينيا غانا إندونيسيا بوركينا فاسو ملديف ملاوي سري لانكا الكونغو الصومال اليمن بنغلاديش موريتانيا جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية هايىى  نيجىر يا السنغال ميانمار جمهورية تىر  انيا المتحدة سري لانكا بىں  ملاوي سىر اليون زمبابوي بوركينا فاسو بخدمة الا¥صحاح ڡى  عام 6102 )٪(نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية غىر المزودة ريفي حصر ي ريفي حصر ي ريفي حصر ي بخدمة المياه ڡى  عام 6102 )٪(نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية غىر المزودة نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية غىر المزودة بخدمة إدارة النفايات )٪( ڡى  عام 6102 57 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو الشكل 78 وجود الإشريكية القولونية في مصادر المياہ المحّسنة في المراكز الصحية العامة في لبنان 6 (6102، العدد = 661) (٪) 96 8102 yraurbeF ni FECINU ot dettimbus troper yevrus lanif ,nonabeL ni sertneC htlaeH cilbuP ni HSAW ,sevitanretlA elbaniatsuS. 07 7102 ,sinuT ,enneisinuT euqilbupéR ,sreilatipsoh snios ed setinu sed te esab ed étnas ed sertnec sed enèigyh’l ed taté’l ed noitaulavE ,étnaS ed ertsiniM. وقد قيِّمت جودة الخدمة �في كل مجال من خلال قائمة مرجعية تضمنت من 5 معاي�ي 51 معيارا ًلكل مجال. يسمح العديد من تقييمات المرافق بالتصنيف حسب الأقاليم دون حياء، ال�ت ي يمكن أن تلقي الضوء على التباينات الوطنية، مثل الوليات أو الأ الإ قليمية. ويوضح الشكل 68 أن مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي أق� جنوب منطقة تطاوين �ف ي تونس تتمتع بظروف أفضل �ف ي المراحيض والنظافة العامة، لكن نظافة الأيدي وإدارة النفايات أسوا حال ًنسبيا،ً مقارنًة بالمناطق المجاورة.07 ووفقا ًللتقييم الوط�ف ي لعام 7102 لمياہ ال�ش ب والإصحاح �ف ي مراكز الصحة العامة �ف ي لبنان، أك�ش من 07٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي محافظة البقاع مزودة بمياہ ترد من مصدر محّسن خاٍل من الإ �ش يكية القولونية، بينما �ف ي محافظة عكار، 58٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية لم تكن مزودة بمصدر مياہ محّسن، وكانت ملوثة بالإ �ش يكية القولونية �ف ي نصف المرافق ال�ت ي يمكن اختبارها (الشكل 78). تختلف خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية باختلاف المنطقة في تونس الشكل 68 خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في تونس، حسب الإقليم (7102) 06–0 ■ 0 < ■ 08> ■ 08–06 ■ 06–0 ■ 0 < ■ 08> ■ 08–06 ■ 06–0 ■ 0 < ■ 08> ■ 08–06 ■ 06–0 ■ 0 < ■ 08> ■ 08–06 ■ نظافة اليدإدارة النفاياتالنظافة العامةظروف المراحيض تختلف جودة المياہ في مرافق الرعاية الصحية اللبنانية اختلافًا كبيرًا حسب المديرية ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 001 08 06 0 02 0 21 17 07 26 01 35 6 115 1 22 8 8 016 01 01 3 11 المصدر المحسن غىر متاح بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر< 001 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر11–001 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا / 001 مليلىر1-01 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بكتىر يا/ 001 مليلىر>1 وحدة تكوين مستعمرات بعلبك الهرمل جبل لبنان )٪( ية صح ة ال رعاي ق ال راف ة م سب ن جنوب النبطية عكارالبقاع بىر وت شمال 67 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ساواة أوجه عدم الم الشكل 8 إمدادات المياہ غير المعطلة في المستشفيات السورية (نظام رصد توافر الموارد الصحية)/ تقرير المستشفيات العامة السنوي، 7102) (٪) 05–52 ■ 52< ■ 57> ■ 57–05 ■ تميل مرافق الرعاية الصحية إلى أن تكون مزودة بخدمات مياہ وإصحاح ونظافة عامة أفضل مقارنًة بالمنازل الشكل 0 خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية والمنازل (5102)، بين البلدان التي لديها بيانات عن السياقين معًا (٪) 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 المياه المحّسنة ڡى  مرافق الرعاية الصحية )٪( مرافق غسل اليدين ڡى  المنازل مقابل مرافق الرعاية الصحية صفر صفر ياه الم ة ب زود الم ين ليد ل ا غس ق راف م )٪( زل منا ال ڡى  ون صاب وال 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 الا„صحاح المحّسن ڡى  مرافق الرعاية الصحية )٪( الا„صحاح المحّسن ڡى  المنازل مقابل مرافق الرعاية الصحية صفر صفر )٪( زل منا ال ن ڡى  حس الم اح صح الا„ 001 08 06 0 02 02 0 06 08 001 نظافة اليدين عند نقاط الرعاية ڡى  مرافق الرعاية الصحية )٪( مياه السرŠ ب المحّسنة ڡى  المنازل مقابل مرافق الرعاية الصحية صفر صفر )٪( زل منا ال ة ڡى  ّسن مح ه ال ميا ال الإطار 7 الدول الهشة 17 17 9102 hcraM 31 dessecca ,<ecneloivtcilfnocytiligarf/cipot/ne/gro.knabdlrow.www> ,9102 ,knaB dlroW ,ecneloiV & tcilfnoC ,ytiligarF ,knaB dlroW. غالبًا ما يكون الطلب على الرعاية الصحية أكبر في أوقات النزاعات والعنف وعدم الاستقرار، على الرغم من أن هذه الظروف نفسها يمكن أن تعطل خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وغيرها من الخدمات الضرورية لتوفير رعاية جيدة. ويصنف الفريق المعني بالهشاشة والنزاع والعنف17 التابع للبنك الدولي 1 من أصل 15 بلدًا في منطقة التنمية المستدامة، أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى بأنها بلدان هشة. يوضح الشكل 88 أن خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء أقل باستمرار في الدول الهشة منها في الدول غير الهشة. ويوضح الشكل 8 أن أقل من ربع المراكز الصحية في بعض من أكثر المناطق تضررًا من النزاع الأخير في الجمهورية العربية السورية كان مزودًا بإمدادات المياہ غير المعطلة في عام 7102. الإتاحة الشاملة للمياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في المنزل وفي مرافق الرعاية الصحية تعد خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة أفضل عموما ً�ف ي ي ثل�ش ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية عنها �ف ي المنازل. و�ف البلدان (66٪) ال�ت ي لديها بيانات قابلة للمقارنة، كانت مرافق الرعاية الصحية أك�ش ميلا ًلوجود مصادر مياہ محّسنة مقارنًة بالم�ف ف ل. و�ف ي 48٪ من البلدان، كان الإصحاح المحّسن أعلى منه �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية (الشكل 09). و�ف ي 58٪ من البلدان، الشكل 88 خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في الدول الهشة وغيرها من الدول في أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى، 6102 (٪) ■■ 080706050 0302010 72 65 56 6 37 07 67 خدمة إدارة نفايات أساسية مواد غسل اليدين ڡى نقطة الرعاية الاصحاح المحّسن ڡى المرفق مصدر مياه محسَّ ن دول غىر هشةدول هشة 77 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت واة سا لم م ا عد جه أو غالبًا ما تكون خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية وتدابير الوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها غير موجودة في غرف الولادة الشكل 1 نسبة مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي لوحظت فيها خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها المتصلة بها في غرفة الولادة، تقييمات تقديم الخدمة (3102-7102) (٪) 0 02 04 06 08 001 49 77 69 48 59 16 96 27 68 08 59 25 8617 78 87 39 64 95 35 38 27 58 63 27 09 15 07 66 53 295939 88 89 67 مياه جارية صابون صندوق للنفايات الحادة وسلة للنفايات الاخرى مطهر معدات تعقيم أو معدات ولادة جميع البنود جمهورية تىرŠ Š انياهايىى† …بنغلاديش المتحدة السنغالملاوينيبال كانت مرافق الرعاية الصحية أك�ش ميلا ًلوجود مواد نظافة اليد �ف ي نقاط الرعاية أك�ش منها �ف ي المنازل، وكانت المنازل أك�ش ميلا ًلوجود مرافق غسل اليدين المزودة بالصابون والمياہ. ومع توافر البيانات أك�ش وأفضل، سيكون من الممكن إجراء مزيد من التحليل لأوجه عدم المساواة المتداخلة �ف ي إتاحة المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي المنازل والمدارس ومرافق الرعاية الصحية وغ�ي ها من الأماكن. الإطار 8: المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والمواليد على الصعيد العالمي، حدثت زيادة كبيرة في نسبة النساء اللائي ولدن في مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وبينما في عام 0002، أنجبت نصف النساء فقط (15٪) على مستوى العالم في مرفق للرعاية الصحية، وفي عام 7102، أنجبت ثلاث من كل أربع نساء (67٪) أطفالهن في مرفق للرعاية الصحية. وفي العديد من البلدان، كان التحول من الولادات المنزلية إلى الولادة في المرافق هدفًا رئيسيًا لقطاع الصحة بهدف تحسين حصائل الولادة وجودة رعاية الأم والوليد. وتفيد التقديرات أن واحدة من كل خمس ولادات على مستوى العالم تقع في أقل البلدان نموًا، وأن 71 مليون امرأة يلدن في هذه البلدان كل عام في مرافق الرعاية الصحية غير المزودة بما يكفي من المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وكانت خدمات المياہ الأساسية تميل إلى أن تكون متوافرة في المنزل كما هي متوافرة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية في أقل البلدان نموًا (26٪ مقابل 55٪) ولكن النساء أكثر ميًلا للافتقار إلى مرافق الإصحاح والنظافة العامة في المنزل. وكانت مرافق غسل اليدين متوافرة في نقاط الرعاية في مرفقين من أصل ثلاثة مرافق للرعاية الصحية في هذه البلدان، لكن 72٪ فقط من السكان كان لديهم مرفق لغسل اليدين بالمياہ والصابون في المنزل. ويقتضي الأمر أن تضم غرف الولادة خدمات مياہ وإصحاح ونظافة عامة مخصصة لتلبية تلك الاحتياجات الخاصة، من أجل ضمان الولادة بطريقة آمنة تصون الكرامة وتقلل مخاطر وقوع العدوى، بما في ذلك الإنتان، وهو سبب رئيسي لوفيات الأمهات والمواليد على السواء. وعقد برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياہ وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة اجتماع خبراء مشترك بين منظمة الصحة العالمية واليونيسيف لإعداد الأسئلة والمؤشرات الأساسية لرصد المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها المتصلة بها في غرف الولادة. وُيوصى باستخدام هذه الأسئلة في تقييمات مرافق الرعاية الصحية، التي تشمل زيارات المناطق التي تقدم فيها خدمات مختلفة، علاوة على المسوح الخاصة بالتوليد والمواليد في حالات الطوارئ. وتشمل خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة الأساسية في غرفة الولادة: مياهًا جارية، ومرحاضًا قابًلا للاستخدام سهل الاستخدام للنساء أثناء المخاض، ومرافق لغسل اليدين، ومعدات معقمة، ودّشًا أو مغطسًا للمرأة، ومرافق لفرز النفايات والتخلص من المشيمة، وبروتوكولات وتدريبًا على تنظيف غرفة الولادة. وتتضمن تدابير الوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها المرتبطة بما سبق وجود قفازات معقمة، وربطة لربط الحبل السري وشفرة لقطعه، وسطح نظيف أو مادة نظيفة كي تضع المرأة حملها عليه (أو “مجموعة ولادة نظيفة”). وتتوافر تقييمات لحالة غرف الولادة واردة من عدة بلدان، وُتظهر أن الكثير من النساء يواجه مخاطر بسبب عدم كفاية خدمات المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وتدابير الوقاية من العدوى ومكافحتها في غرفة الولادة (الشكل 1 ). 87 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الملاحق 97 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا 08 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الملحق 1 | أساليب البرنامج المشترك لرصد إمدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة 27 7102 ,aveneG ,FECINU dna OHW ,senilesab GDS dna etadpu 7102 :ygolodohteM PMJ ,dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW, <etadpu-7102-ygolodohtem-pmj/troper/gro.atadhsaw//:sptth>. 37 ,retaW gniknirD no ssergorP ,eneigyH dna noitatinaS ,ylppuS retaW rof emmargorP gnirotinoM tnioJ dnuF s’nerdlihC snoitaN detinU eht dna noitazinagrO htlaeH dlroW :ees sliated rehtruf roF lanif-troper-7102-pmj/troper/gro.atadhsaw//:sptth> ,7102 ,aveneG ,FECINU dna OHW ,senilesab GDS dna etadpu 7102 :eneigyH dna noitatinaS>. كان برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة، منذ إنشائه �ف ي عام 0991، فعال ً�ف ي وضع القواعد والمعاي�ي اللازمة لقياس ومقارنة التقدم المحرز �ف ي مياه ال�ش ب والإصحاح والنظافة الصحية �ف ي جميع البلدان، وهو أيضا ًيعقد بانتظام اجتماعات لأفرقة خ�ب اء لإ سداء المشورة التقنية بشأن القضايا المنهجية. ويستخدم ال�ب نامج نموذج انحدار خطي لإجراء تقديرات لجميع السنوات خلال الف�ت ة المرجعية، بدل ًمن الكتفاء بالإحالة إل مصدر بيانات وحيد. والمنهجية المستخدمة لإ نتاج تقديرات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق ساليب الراسخة ال�ت ي وضعها ال�ب نامج لرصد الرعاية الصحية تستند إل الأ خدمات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي المنازل27 والمدارس. تحديد مصادر البيانات الوطنية جميع البيانات المستخدمة لإ عداد التقديرات ترد من مصادر البيانات الوطنية. و�ف ي إطار إعداد هذا التقرير، حدد برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة أك�ش من 005 مصدر محتمل للبيانات. و�ف ي بعض الحالت، لم يكن �ف ي الوسع استخدام البيانات لأنها لم تكن تمثل البلد بأكمله، ولم تتضمن معلومات ذات الصلة عن المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة، أو بالغة القدَّ م (ُجِمعت بيانات من عام 0002 وما بعده فقط) أو تعذر تحديد موقع تقرير شامل أو ملف بيانات دقيقة. وإجمال،ً اسُتخرجت معلومات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة من 062 مصدر بيانات من 521 بلدا ً(الشكل 1-1). استخراج البيانات وتصنيفها واسُتخرجت البيانات من مصادر البيانات تلك، وطوبقت بالمؤ�ش ات العالمية المتعلقة بتصنيف خدمات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة وإدارة النفايات، وتنظيف البيئة. وكانت البيانات موزعة بالتساوي ب�ي ف مناطق خدمات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة والنظافة وإدارة النفايات، مع وجود ما يقرب من 002 مصدر بيانات لكل منطقة، ولكنها كانت متناثرة فيما يخص تنظيف البيئة، مع وجود 12 مصدر بيانات فقط (الشكل 1-2). ول يمكن استخدام بعض مصادر البيانات لإ نتاج التقديرات، لأسباب مختلفة منها ما يلىي : بلاغ من السلطات الوطنية بأنها لم تعت�ب البيانات يعول عليها أو مناسبة للاستخدام استناد تصنيف البيانات إل بضع فئات عامة لم تُواَءم مع فئات ال�ب نامج المش�ت ك عدم كون البيانات ممثلة للفئة المستهدفة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية (البيانات الوطنية، أو بيانات المستشفيات، أو بيانات المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات، أو البيانات الحكومية، أو البيانات غ�ي الحكومية، أو بيانات المناطق الحصرف ية أو بيانات المناطق الريفية) كانت البيانات ممثلة للفئة ولكن عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي خضعت للتقييم كانت صغ�ي ة إل حد غ�ي مقبول. واسُتبعدت البيانات عند تقييم أقل من 05 من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، باستثناء الدول الصغ�ي ة ال�ت ي اسُتبعد بياناتها إذا ُقيِّم أقل من 03٪ من إجمالي عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية كانت البيانات مختلفة اختلافا ًملحوظا ًعن نقاط البيانات الأخرى الممثلة لإ طار زم�ف ي مماثل وإجمال،ً اسُتخدم 712 مصدراً من مصادر البيانات من أصل 062 مصدراً لبعض مؤ�ش ات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة على أقل تقدير (الشكل 1-2). وتراوح عدد المرافق ال�ت ي قيِّمت �ف ي مصادر البيانات تلك من مرفق واحد إل حوالي 000 001 مرفق. وإجمال،ً استندت مصادر البيانات البالغ عددها 062 مصدراً على 000 065 مرفق رعاية صحية، واعتمدت المصادر البالغ عددها 712 مصدراً ال�ت ي استخدمت لإجراء التقديرات على 000 055 مرفق رعاية صحية (الشكل 1-3). و�ف ي بعض الحالت، قد تقيَّم مرافق الرعاية الصحية نفسها عدة مرات �ف ي سنوات مختلفة. ويصنف برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة مرافق المياه والإصحاح إل أنواع مرافق محّسنة وأخرى غ�ي محّسنة. ومصادر المياه المحّسنة هي تلك ال�ت ي تسمح، بحكم طبيعة تصميمها وبنائها، بتوف�ي مياه مأمونة، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن مرافق الإصحاح المحّسنة هي تلك المصممة بحيث تحول بطريقة تحافظ على النظافة العامة دون التلامس ب�ي ف الفضلات الب�ش ية والب�ش .37 وإذا ُصنفت مصادر البيانات مرافق الرعاية الصحية على أنها تقع �ف ي المناطق الحصرف ية أو الريفية، فقد استخدمت تلك التصنيفات دون أي تغي�ي ات. وكذلك، إذا أُطلق على المرفق أي نوع من أسماء «المستشفيات»، فقد صنفت على هذا النحو أثناء استخراج البيانات. و�ف ي بعض مصادر البيانات، صنفت المرافق على أنها «حكومية» أو «غ�ي حكومية»، أو أُطلقت عليها مصطلحات مشابهة مثل «عامة» و 18 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا الإطار 9: برامج تقييم المرافق الدولية معظم تقييمات مرافق الرعاية الصحية تتولي زمام القيادة في إجرائها السلطاُت الوطنية، التي تكون عادة وزارة الصحة أو المكتب الوطني للإحصاء. ويدعم عدد من البرامج الدولية هذه التقييمات وقد أنَتجت بيانات مستخدمة في هذا التقرير. وفيما يلي بعض من أكبر البرامج: برنامج توافر الخدمة وتقييم جاهزيتها، الذي تدعمه منظمة الصحة العالمية. برنامج تقييم تقديم الخدمات، الذي تدعمه وكالة التنمية الدولية التابعة للولايات المتحدة من خلال برنامج المسح الديموغرافي والصحي. مبادرة رصد الأداء والمساءلة 0202، مدعومة من مؤسسة بيل وميليندا غيتس بدعم تقني من جامعة جونز هوبكنز. ُأجريت المسوح الخاصة بالتوليد والمواليد في حالات الطوارئ في عدد من البلدان، وغالبًا ما كان ذلك بدعم تقني من برنامج توقي وفيات الأمهات والإعاقة الذي أنشأته جامعة كولومبيا. أجرى مشروع إدارة النفايات الخطرة في منطقة المحيط الهادئ دراسة بيانات أساسية في 1 بلدًا من جزر المحيط الهادئ في عام 102، تحت قيادة أمانة البيئة الإقليمية للمحيط الهادئ. ويحظى البرنامج بدعم من مؤسسة إنفايرون أستراليا ومن المفوضية الأوروبية. يركز مشروع مؤشرات إيصال الخدمات على جمع البيانات من المدارس الابتدائية والمرافق الصحية في الخطوط الأمامية، مدعومًا في ذلك من البنك الدولي. مؤسسة الرؤية العالمية مؤسسة عالمية معنية بالإغاثة والتطوير والدعوة تعمل في حوالي 001 بلد حول العالم. وقد عقدت شراكة مع معهد المياه بجامعة نورث كارولينا لإجراء تقييم لبرنامج المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة، بما في ذلك تقييم الظروف السائدة في المدارس ومرافق الرعاية الصحية في المناطق الريفية. ودعمت هذه البرامج السبعة معًا أكثر من نصف تقييمات الرعاية الصحية (351) التي يعتمد عليها هذا التقرير. وُحدِّ د أكثر من 001 من مصادر البيانات الإضافية خلال المشاورات الُقطرية التي أجراها البرنامج. وقدم عدد قليل نسبيًا من البلدان بيانات تعتمد على المصادر الإدارية مثل جمع البيانات الروتيني من خلال نظام معلومات الإدارة الصحية. شّكلت سبعة برامج دولية نصف مصادر البيانات المستخدمة في هذا التقرير الشكل 1-1 مصادر البيانات المستخدمة في تقرير البيانات الأساسية العالمي لعام 102 701 13 23 72 52 1 01 77 062 0202 مصدر بيانات وطنية أخرى مسح توافر الخدمة وتقييم جاهزيتها مسح تقييم تقديم الخدمة مسح رصد الاداء والمساءلة الولادة ولحديىىƒ  الميلادمسح تقديم الرعاية الطارئة ڡى  منطقة المحيط الهادئمسرƒ وع إدارة النفايات الخطرة ڡى  الاستشارة مؤسرƒ ات إيصال الخدمات مؤسسة الرؤية العالمية مصادر البيانات الوطنية المتاحة والمستخدمة في تقرير برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة لعام 9102 الشكل 1-2 مصادر البيانات الوطنية المستخدمة (الألوان الداكنة) والمحددة، لكن التي لم ُتستخدم (الألوان الفاتحة) في تقرير برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة لعام 102 حول المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 50–0002 01–6002 81–610251–1102 0 05 001 051 002 052 003 المجموع ات بيان ر ال صاد د م أي خدمات مياهعد إصحاح نظافة عامة إدارة نفايات تنظيف بيئة 28 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح "خاصة" إذا لم يصنف مصدر البيانات حسب السلطة القائمة على الإ دارة، ففي بعض الحالت، يمكن عزو مصدر البيانات بأكمله إل فئات حكومية أو غ�ي حكومية. وإذا وردت البيانات من أجنحة أو مناطق مختلفة �ف ي مرفق ما، فقد أعطيت الأولوية للبيانات الواردة من مناطق الستشارة العامة أو أقسام العيادات الخارجية. و�ف ي حالة عدم توافر بيانات من مناطق الستشارة العامة وأقسام العيادات الخارجية، فقد سجل توافر خدمة المياه والإصحاح خرى لستخدامه �ف ي حساب والنظافة العامة �ف ي أي من المواقع المتاحة الأ المؤ�ش ات العالمية. التقديرات القطرية تحتوي معلومات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي الملفات القطرية المتعلقة بمرافق الرعاية الصحية ال�ت ي أعدها برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة على قائمة كاملة بمصادر البيانات المتاحة لكل عام منذ عام 0002 وتوضح كيف أن البيانات الوطنية تتوافق مع التصنيفات القياسية الدولية المستخدمة �ف ي الرصد العالمي. ويستخدم ال�ب نامج انحداراً خطّيا ًبسيطا ًلإجراء تقديرات من جميع نقاط البيانات المتاحة. وتُعد النحدارات بشكل منفصل لكل فئة من فئات مرافق الرعاية الصحية (على مستوى البلد أو المستشفيات أو المرافق الأخرى غ�ي المستشفيات أو المرافق الحكومية أو المرافق غ�ي الحكومية أو المرافق الحصرف ية أو المرافق الريفية). وتحسب التجاهات إذا كانت هناك نقطتان أو أك�ش من البيانات المتاحة تمتدان على الأقل أربع سنوات. وإذا امتدت نقاط البيانات إل أقل من أربع سنوات، فُيستخدم المتوسط. وتستقرأ النحدارات بعد مرور عام�ي ف على آخر نقطة بيانات، وقبل عام�ي ف من نقطة البيانات الأول. ثم تُمدد التقديرات الأقدم والأحدث المأخوذة من النحدار لمدة أربع سنوات إضافية. فعلى سبيل المثال، إذا كانت آخر نقطة بيانات من عام 8002، فيمكن إجراء تقديرات للاأعوام 9002–4102 ولكن ليس لعام 5102 أو 6102 (انظر المثال المصرف وب على مرافق نظافة اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية �ف ي الشكل 1-4). ساسية هي كل المؤ�ش ات المركبة، ال�ت ي تعتمد على ومؤ�ش ات الخدمات الأ اثن�ي ف أو أك�ش من المؤ�ش ات الفرعية. وقد تأ�ت ي البيانات الموجودة على مؤ�ش ات فرعية مختلفة من مصادر مختلفة للبيانات، لذلك ل يمكن دائما ً الجمع ب�ي ف مؤ�ش ات فرعية مختلفة على مستوى مرفق رعاية صحية واحد. ووفقا ًلذلك، يجمع ال�ب نامج ب�ي ف المؤ�ش ات الفرعية من خلال أخذ الحد الأد�ف من كل مؤ�ش فرعي متاح لأي سنة معينة. ويشتمل مؤ�ش الإصحاح ساسي على عدد كب�ي من المؤ�ش ات الفرعية. ولتحقيق أق� استفادة الأ من البيانات المتوافرة، أجرى برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة تقديرات لخدمات الإصحاح الأساسية عندما توافرت بيانات عن المراحيض المحّسنة والقابلة للاستخدام، واثنان على الأقل من العناصر الأربعة المتبقية (مراحيض العامل�ي ف ، والمراحيض المنفصلة حسب الجنس، ومراحيض النظافة خلال ف�ت ة شخاص ذوي القدرة المحدودة على الحركة). �ف ي الطمث، ومراحيض الأ مثال الإصحاح �ف ي الشكل 1-4، تتوفر البيانات للمراحيض المحّسنة والقابلة للاستخدام، وكذلك للتنقل المحدود، لكن هذا ل يكفي لإ نتاج تقديرات للخدمات الأساسية. التقديرات الإقليمية والعالمية تجرى التقديرات الإ قليمية من خلال تلخيص التقديرات القطرية لكل فئة من فئات مرافق الرعاية الصحية. ومن الناحية المثالية، ينبغي ترجيح تقديرات كل بلد عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي ُقيمت في مصادر البيانات الوطنية الشكل 1-3 عدد مرافق الرعاية الصحية التي ُقيَّ مت باستخدام البيانات الوطنية المستخدمة (الألوان الداكنة) والمحددة، لكن التي لم ُتستخدم (الألوان الفاتحة) في تقرير برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة لعام 102 حول المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية 50–0002 01–6002 81–610251–1102 001 002 003 004 005 006 أي خدمات مياه إصحاح نظافة عامة إدارة نفايات تنظيف بيئة المجموع صفر ف( لا €لا )با حية لص ة ا رعاي ق ال راف د م عد 38 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا من خلال العدد الإجمالي لمرافق الرعاية الصحية �ف ي تلك الفئة �ف ي البلدان. ومع ذلك، إحصاءات كاملة عن عدد كل فئة من فئات الرعاية الصحية المرافق غ�ي متوافرة لجميع البلدان. ووفقا ًلذلك، استخدم ال�ب نامج �ف ي هذا التقرير سكان البلد أو المناطق الحصرف ية أو المناطق الريفية لتقدير الوزن من كل بلد على حدة، باستخدام أحدث البيانات الواردة من شعبة السكان بالأمم المتحدة. وأخذت بيانات السكان المحلي�ي ف من تنقيح التوقعات السكانية �ف ي العالم عام 7102، �ف ي ح�ي ف أن نسبة السكان الذين يعيشون �ف ي المناطق الريفية أخذت من تنقيح تقرير توقعات التوسع الحصرف ي �ف ي العالم لعام 8102. وتُجرى التقديرات الإ قليمية عندما تكون البيانات متاحة من بلدان يبلغ عدد سكانها مجتمعة ما ل يقل عن 03٪ من مجموع السكان على الصعيد الإ قليمي. ويوضح الشكل 1-5 نسبة ي كل منطقة وعلى المستوى العالمي ال�ت ي توفرت بيانات عنها. السكان �ف وتش�ي الألوان الأخف إل مؤ�ش ات ذات تغطية بالبيانات أقل من 03٪، مع عدم إجراء تقديرات إقليمية لها. وتش�ي الألوان المتوسطة إل أن البلدان ال�ت ي تمثل03-05٪ من السكان لديها بيانات، وقد أجريت التقديرات ولكن ينبغي تفس�ي ها بحذر. وتكون التقديرات أك�ش قوة عندما تستند إل 05٪ على الأقل من سكان المنطقة (الألوان الداكنة). وتجرى التقديرات العالمية أيضا ًفقط عندما تكون هناك بيانات للبلدان ال�ت ي تمثل 03٪ على الأقل من سكان العالم. ومع ذلك، لمنع عدد قليل من البلدان من التأث�ي على التقديرات أك�ش من غ�ي ها، خاصة عندما ليزال العديد من الدول يفتقر إل التقديرات، تحسب التقديرات العالمية أول ًعن طريق وضع تقديرات إقليمية لجميع مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، ح�ت لو كانت التغطية بالبيانات �ف ي المنطقة أقل من 03٪، ثم حساب المتوسط المرجح من خلال التقديرات الإ قليمية. المشاورة القطرية أنتجت التقديرات الأولية وأرسلت إل البلدان لإجراء مشاورات وعمليات استعراض خلال ف�ت ة رسمية �ف ي مطلع ت�ش ين الثا�ف ي / نوفم�ب 8102. وُطلب من البلدان تقديم ردود تقنية �ف ي موعد أقصاه نهاية كانون الأول/ ديسم�ب 8102. و�ف ي بعض الحالت، طلبت ُمَهل زمنية وُمنحت ح�ت منتصف كانون الثا�ف ي / يناير. وسعت منظمة الصحة العالمية واليونيسيف إل التشاور مع جميع البلدان والستجابة للتعليقات والستفسارات الواردة، ولسيما عند اختلاف تعريفات أو أساليب برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة عن تلك ال�ت ي يستخدمها أصحاب المصلحة الوطني�ي ف . يستخدم برنامج الرصد المشترك لإمدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة انحدارات خطية لاشتقاق التقديرات من نقاط البيانات المتاحة الشكل 1- أمثلة على الانحدارات الخطية التي تنتج تقديرات لخدمات المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة 001 08 06 04 02 0 02025002 0102 51020002 001 08 06 04 02 0 02025002 0102 51020002 001 08 06 04 02 0 02025002 0102 51020002 001 08 06 04 02 0 02025002 0102 51020002 001 08 06 04 02 0 02025002 0102 51020002 تقديرات المياه المحّسنةالمجموع بيانات عن المياه المحّسنة تقديرات المياه المحّسنة والموجودة ڡى  المرافق نقاط بيانات عن المياه المحّسنة والموجودة ڡى  المرافق تقديرات المياه المحّسنة والمتاحة نقاط بيانات المحّسن والمتاح تقديرات المياه الا€ساسية تقديرات الا„صحاح المحّسن بيانات عن الا„صحاح المحّسن تقديرات الا„صحاح المحّسن والموجود ڡى  المرافق نقاط بيانات عن الا„صحاح المحّسن والموجود ڡى  المرافق تقديرات الا„صحاح المحّسن والمتاح غسل اليدين تقديرات المواد )نقطة الرعاية( نقاط بيانات مواد غسيل اليدين )نقطة الرعاية( تقديرات مواد غسل اليدين )المرحاض( نقاط بيانات مواد غسيل اليدين )المرحاض( التقديرات الا€ساسية نقاط بيانات الفرز تقديرات المعالجة/ تقديرات التخلص تقديرات نقاط بيانات المعالجة/ التخلص تقديرات الفرز نقاط بيانات الا„صحاح المحّسن والمتاح ساسى تقديرات الا„صحاح الا€ الا„صحاح النظافة العامة إدارة النفايات تنظيف البيئة تقديرات إدارة النفايات الا€ساسية نقاط بيانات الىرŸ وتوكولات المتاحة تقديرات العاملىں  المدربىں  المدربىں نقاط بيانات العاملىں  تقديرات بروتوكولات تنظيف البيئة تقديرات تنظيف البيئة ساسى الا€ 48 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الاطلاع على البيانات ترد التقديرات القطرية والإ قليمية والعالمية حسب المؤ�ش ات الرئيسية �ف ي الملحق�ي ف 3 و4 من هذا التقرير، عن آخر سنة متاحة. ويمكن أيضا ًالطلاع على هذه البيانات على الموقع الإ لك�ت و�ف ي ل�ب نامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة <gro.atadhsaw//:sptth> الذي يتضمن تقديرات لجميع السنوات المتاحة منذ عام 0002. ويتضمن الموقع الإ لك�ت و�ف ي تقديرات إضافية للمؤ�ش ات الفرعية ال�ت ي تساهم �ف ي مستويات الخدمة الأساسية أيضاً الشكل 1-5 تغطية البيانات لفئات مختلفة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب الإقليم التغطية ببيانات العديد من المناطق وفئات مرافق الرعاية الصحية منخفضة الإقليم خدمات المياه الأساسية وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 010115801101وسط آسيا وجنوبها صفر271 531 11 شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر31أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية صفر0125صفرصفرصفر01أمريكا اللاتينية والكاريبي صفرصفرصفرصفرصفر 11شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا صفرصفر77صفرصفرصفر77أوقيانوسيا 530 6 0 3306أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى 6 537 5528 أقل البلدان نموًا 1 6 256 550 25 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية صفرصفر0331223الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية 772337261753العالم خدمات الإصحاح الأساسية وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ صفرصفرصفر صفرصفرصفر صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر11 صفر0125صفرصفرصفر01 صفرصفرصفرصفرصفر 11 صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر 2222238183 11 12127253826122 73831 722 031 صفرصفر3312 3 85717 الإقليم لا توجد خدمة مياه وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 21216878010168وسط آسيا وجنوبها صفر18 221 1 شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر31أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 2 373 23181 أمريكا اللاتينية والكاريبي 6 5 صفر 22شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا صفرصفر776صفرصفر77أوقيانوسيا 37570 77080738أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى 8657587757 638أقل البلدان نموًا 76562717 68 08 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 8383 7 5 2 538الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية 6163160 2 2316العالم لا توجد خدمات إصحاح وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 68686878580168 صفر18 8 251 صفرصفرصفر2صفرصفر31 21215528251 صفرصفر33صفر 61 صفرصفر77صفرصفرصفر77 17272837087608 66 73837 7 638 6562776 68 08 730 875 2 528 132516330521 5 <03% 03–05% >05% <03% 03–05% >05% 58 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا بالنسبة للمجموعات الإ قليمية الإضافية غ�ي المدرجة �ف ي التقرير المطبوع. والموقع يتيح للمستخدم�ي ف إنشاء مجموعة متنوعة من الرسوم البيانية والجداول والخرائط المخصصة وت�ف ف يلها وإعادة ن�ش ها. ويمكن للمستخدم�ي ف أيضا ًت�ف ف يل كل ملفات البلدان الفردية ال�ت ي أعدها ال�ب نامج وت�د مصادر البيانات الوطنية المتاحة حاليا ً�ف ي قاعدة البيانات العالمية، وتوضح كيف استخدمت لإجراء تقديرات قابلة للمقارنة دوليا ًللمياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. الشكل 1-5 تغطية البيانات لفئات مختلفة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، حسب الإقليم التغطية ببيانات العديد من المناطق وفئات مرافق الرعاية الصحية منخفضة الإقليم خدمات النظافة العامة الأساسية وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ صفرصفرصفر57صفرصفرصفروسط آسيا وجنوبها صفر2727صفرصفرصفر27شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها صفرصفر22صفرصفر21أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرأمريكا اللاتينية والكاريبي صفرصفرصفرصفرصفر 8شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرأوقيانوسيا 77778672أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى 6666666أقل البلدان نموًا 53 7 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية صفرصفرصفرصفر121الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية 10202 11132العالم وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 21212178010121 61617171715171 صفرصفر22صفرصفر21 6 121611 1 صفر31361صفر 32 صفرصفر7721صفرصفر77 627 7075776 7 07675757 6 687 5568656068 07 7373176 2 527 718181532221 1 الإقليم لا توجد خدمات نظافة عامة وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 7 7 7 7صفرصفر 7وسط آسيا وجنوبها 3168683131 168شرق آسيا وجنوب شرقها صفرصفرصفر2صفرصفر7أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرأمريكا اللاتينية والكاريبي 6 6 6 6 صفر 65شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفرأوقيانوسيا 13 5 055 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى 11 1 1713231 1أقل البلدان نموًا 726 6 1 738 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية صفرصفرصفرصفر121الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية 728 8 822188 العالم لا توجد خدمات إدارة نفايات وع جم لم ا ية ضر لح ق ا ط منا ال ية يف الر ق ط منا ال ت فيا ش ست لم ا رى لأخ ق ا راف لم ا ت فيا ش ست لم ف ا خلا ب ية وم حك ية وم حك ير غ 21212168010121 3333 23 صفرصفرصفرصفرصفرصفر21 2222522 6 5 5 58131 6 صفرصفرصفر3صفرصفرصفر 8 1 8 155555358 8555 1 1 1 12111 1 7373732 823573 112121 231721 <03% 03–05% >05% <03% 03–05% >05% 68 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الملحق 2 | المجموعات الإقليمية أهداف التنمية المستدامة: المجموعات الإ قليمية  أس�ت اليا ونيوزيلندا: أس�ت اليا، نيوزيلندا.  وسط آسيا وجنوبها: أفغانستان، بنغلاديش، بوتان، الهند، جمهورية إيران الإ سلامية، كازاخستان، ق�ي غ�ي ف ستان، ملديف، نيبال، باكستان، �ي لنكا، طاجيكستان، تركمانستان، أوزبكستان.  �ش ق آسيا وجنوب �ش قها: برو�ف ي دار السلام، كمبوديا، الص�ي ف ، الص�ي ف (منطقة هونغ كونغ الإ دارية الخاصة)، الص�ي ف (منطقة ماكاو الإ دارية الخاصة)، جمهورية كوريا الديمقراطية الشعبية، إندونيسيا، اليابان، جمهورية لو الديمقراطية الشعبية، مال�ي ف يا، ميانمار، منغوليا، الفلب�ي ف ، جمهورية كوريا، سنغافورة، تايلند، تيمور لش�ت ي ، فييت نام.  أمريكا اللاتينية والكاري�ب ي : أنغيلا، أنتيغوا وبربودا، الأرجنت�ي ف ، أروبا، جزر البهاما، بربادوس، بل�ي ف ، دولة بوليفيا المتعددة القوميات، بون�ي ، سانت يوستاتيوس وسابا (هولندا الكاريبية)، ال�ب ازيل، جزر ف�ي جن ال�ب يطانية، جزر كايمان، شيلىي ، كولومبيا، كوستاريكا، كوبا، كوراساو، دومينيكا، الجمهورية الدومينيكية، إكوادور، السلفادور، جزر فوكلاند (مالفيناس)، غيانا الفرنسية، غواديلوب، غرينادا، غواتيمال، غيانا، هاي�ت ي ، هندوراس، جامايكا، مارتينيك، المكسيك، مونتس�ي ات، نيكاراغوا، بنما، باراغواي، ب�ي و، بورتوريكو، سانت كيتس ونيفس، سانت لوسيا، سانت فنسنت وغرينادين، سانت مارتن (الجزء الهولندي)، سورينام، ترينيداد وتوباغو، جزر تركس وكايكوس، جزر ف�ي جن التابعة للوليات المتحدة، أوروغواي، جمهورية ف�ف ف ويلا البوليفارية.  أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية: ألبانيا، أندورا، النمسا، بيلاروس، بلجيكا، البوسنة والهرسك، برمودا، بلغاريا، كندا، جزر القنال، كرواتيا، جمهورية التشيك، الدنمارك، إستونيا، جزر فارو، فنلندا، فرنسا، ألمانيا، جبل طارق، اليونان، غرينلند، الكرسي الرسولي ، هنغاريا، أيرلندا، أيسلندا، جزيرة مان، إيطاليا، لتفيا، ليختنشتاين، ليتوانيا، لكسم�ب غ، مالطة، موناكو، الجبل الأسود، هولندا، مقدونيا الشمالية، ال�ف ويج، بولندا، ال�ب تغال، جمهورية مولدوفا، رومانيا، التحاد الروسي ، سان مارينو، سان بي�ي وميكيلون، صربيا، سلوفاكيا، سلوفينيا، أسبانيا، السويد، سوي�ا، أوكرانيا، المملكة المتحدة ل�ب يطانيا العظمى وأيرلندا الشمالية، الوليات المتحدة الأمريكية.  شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا: الجزائر، أرمينيا، أذربيجان، البحرين، ق�ب ص، مصر، جورجيا، العراق، إ�ائيل، الأردن، الكويت، لبنان، ليبيا، المغرب، عمان، قطر، المملكة العربية السعودية، السودان، الجمهورية العربية السورية، تونس، تركيا، الإ مارات العربية المتحدة، الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة، الصحراء الغربية، اليمن.  أوقيانوسيا (باستثناء أس�ت اليا ونيوزلندا): ساموا الأمريكية، جزر كوك، فيجي، بولين�ي ف يا الفرنسية، غوام، ك�ي يباس، جزر مارشال، ميكرون�ي ف يا (وليات - الموحدة)، ناورو، كاليدونيا الجديدة، نيوي، جزر ماريانا الشمالية، بالو، بابوا غينيا الجديدة، ساموا، جزر سليمان، توكيلاو، تونغا، توفالو، فانواتو، جزر واليس وفوتونا.  أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى: أنغول، ب�ف ف ، بوتسوانا، بوركينا فاسو، بوروندي، كابو ف�ي دي، الكام�ي ون، جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى، تشاد، جزر القمر، الكونغو، كوت ديفوار، جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، جيبو�ت ي ، غينيا الستوائية، إريت�ي يا، إسواتي�ف ي ، إثيوبيا، غابون، غامبيا، غانا، غينيا، غينيا- بيساو، كينيا، ليسوتو، ليب�ي يا، مدغشقر، ملاوي، مالي ، موريتانيا، موريشيوس، مايوت، موزامبيق، ناميبيا، النيجر، نيج�ي يا، ريونيون، رواندا، سانت هيلانة، سان تومي وبرينسي�ب ي ، السنغال، سيشيل، س�ي اليون، الصومال، جنوب أفريقيا، جنوب السودان، توغو، أوغندا، جمهورية ت�ف ف انيا المتحدة، زامبيا، زمبابوي. sgnipuorG lanoigeR :slaoG tnempoleveD elbaniatsuS aisA nrehtuoS dna aisA lartneC eporuE dna aciremA nrehtroN acirfA nrehtroN dna†aisA nretseW dnalaeZ weN dna ailartsuA gnidulcxe ainaecO naebbiraC eht dna aciremA nitaL dnalaeZ weN dna ailartsuA acirfA narahaS-buS aisA nretsae-htuoS dna aisA nretsaE 78 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا المجموعات الإ قليمية الأخرى البلدان النامية غ�ي الساحلية أفغانستان، أرمينيا، أذربيجان، بوتان، دولة بوليفيا المتعددة القوميات، بوتسوانا، بوركينا فاسو، بوروندي، جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى، تشاد، إسواتي�ف ي ، إثيوبيا، كازاخستان، ق�ي غ�ي ف ستان، جمهورية لو الديمقراطية الشعبية، ليسوتو، ملاوي، مالي ، منغوليا، نيبال، النيجر، مقدونيا الشمالية، باراغواي، جمهورية مولدوفا، رواندا، جنوب السودان، طاجيكستان، تركمانستان، أوغندا، أوزبكستان، زامبيا، زمبابوي. أقل البلدان نموا:ً أفغانستان، أنغول، بنغلاديش، ب�ف ف ، بوتان، بوركينا فاسو، بوروندي، كمبوديا، جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى، تشاد، جزر القمر، جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية، جيبو�ت ي ، إريت�ي يا، إثيوبيا، غامبيا، غينيا، غينيا - بيساو، هاي�ت ي ، ك�ي يبا�ت ي ، جمهورية لو الديمقراطية الشعبية، ليسوتو، ليب�ي يا، مدغشقر، ملاوي، مالي ، موريتانيا، موزامبيق، ميانمار، نيبال، النيجر، رواندا، سان تومي وبرينسي�ب ي ، السنغال، س�ي اليون، جزر سليمان، الصومال، جنوب السودان، السودان، تيمور - لش�ت ي ، توغو، توفالو، أوغندا، جمهورية ت�ف ف انيا المتحدة، فانواتو، اليمن، زامبيا الدول الجزرية الصغ�ي ة النامية: ساموا الأمريكية، أنغيلا، أنتيغوا وبربودا، أروبا، جزر البهاما، بربادوس، بل�ي ف ، برمودا، بون�ي ، سينت أوستاتيوس وسابا (هولندا الكاريبية)، جزر ف�ي جن ال�ب يطانية، كابو ف�ي دي، جزر كايمان، جزر القمر، جزر كوك، كوبا، كوراساو، دومينيكا، الجمهورية الدومينيكية، فيجي، بولين�ي ف يا الفرنسية، غرينادا، غوادلوب، غوام، غينيا بيساو، غيانا، هاي�ت ي ، جامايكا، ك�ي يبا�ت ي ، ملديف، جزر مارشال، موريشيوس، وليات ميكرون�ي ف يا الموحدة، مونتس�ي ات، ناورو، كاليدونيا الجديدة، نيوي، جزر ماريانا الشمالية، بالو، بابوا غينيا الجديدة، بورتوريكو، سانت كيتس ونيفس، سانت لوسيا، سانت فنسنت غرينادين، ساموا، سان تومي وبرينسي�ب ي ، سيشيل، سنغافورة، سينت مارتن (الجزء الهولندي)، جزر سليمان، سورينام، تيمور- لش�ت ي ، تونغا، ترينيداد وتوباغو، جزر تركس وكايكوس، توفالو، جزر فرجن التابعة للوليات المتحدة، فانواتو. sgnipuorG lanoigeR :slaoG tnempoleveD elbaniatsuS aisA nrehtuoS dna aisA lartneC eporuE dna aciremA nrehtroN acirfA nrehtroN dna†aisA nretseW dnalaeZ weN dna ailartsuA gnidulcxe ainaecO naebbiraC eht dna aciremA nitaL dnalaeZ weN dna ailartsuA acirfA narahaS-buS aisA nretsae-htuoS dna aisA nretsaE 88 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 62 52 57 - - - - - 62 52 57 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - 62 52 57 62 52 57 - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مناطق حضرية ٪ 6102 101 52 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 3 16 صفر 001 3 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 07 31 61 8 37 - - 2 8 3 2 7 11 8 17 بنغلاديش 6102 87 51 7 3 87 - - 21 88 27 17 71 21 88 17 2 6 2 8 2 بنن 6102 278 01 6 7 صفر 62 7 - 2 صفر 8 2 - 66 صفر 3 66 - بنن 6102 5 5 صفر - - 37 صفر 72 37 - 28 1 - - 6 صفر 13 6 - بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 75 3 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 356 702 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 7 71 6 88 58 31 2 8 58 36 23 5 5 2 بوركينا فاسو 6102 88 01 2 8 7 07 52 5 5 38 57 22 6 - - 1 بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 37 31 31 78 37 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 8 2 58 - - 51 58 17 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - 6 55 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - صفر 001 36 - - 21 88 7 - - 6 55 - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 3 32 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 75 73 7 3 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - 1 5 - - - 32 77 - - - 3 75 - تشاد 6102 - - 61 8 - - - 1 5 - - - 2 85 - - - 72 37 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 1 1 1 1 - - 5 5 - - - 01 0 - الصين 6102 - - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 12 81 16 3 33 - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 02 0 0 06 06 12 71 26 83 13 - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 73 5 81 28 6 16 2 01 0 0 6 72 37 15 الكونغو 6102 7 7 6 57 63 5 1 18 26 82 32 77 75 35 83 1 57 كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 75 2 1 68 17 6 32 31 78 78 - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - 2 83 1 18 16 26 82 11 8 7 - - - - - جمهورية التشيك 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - التشيك جمهورية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - 51 58 28 - - 15 0 - - 16 3 03 - - 33 76 85 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية الديمقراطية جمهورية الكونغو 6102 637 87 3 - - 05 05 1 - - 61 8 8 - - 5 1 13 جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - 81 28 - - - 5 5 - - - 3 66 - جيبوتي 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 22 87 - - - 02 08 - - - 8 2 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 77 81 5 5 2 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 8 61 صفر 001 67 81 6 1 77 71 6 1 7 12 صفر 001 إريتيريا 2102 165 63 - - 1 68 77 - - - - - - - - - - إريتيريا 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إسواتيني 6102 3 3 1 32 - - صفر 001 88 - - - - - - - - - - إسواتيني 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 03 3 13 6 76 67 1 11 0 58 52 2 33 76 25 إثيوبيا 6102 78 8 5 5 5 1 03 2 17 35 32 8 2 17 07 37 22 5 5 2 غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - 6 05 - - - - - - - 8 2 23 غامبيا 6102 - - صفر 001 57 - - 5 5 8 - - 5 6 5 - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 17 62 3 7 2 7 21 1 1 17 32 6 غانا 6102 58 21 6 0 36 72 01 0 0 77 22 1 0 3 52 57 55 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 غينيا – بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - 8 2 - - - - - - - - - - - غينيا – بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - غيانا 102 367 62 25 52 32 77 25 - - - - - - - - - - غيانا 102 27 11 81 28 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - 1 68 5 - - 8 2 2 - - 61 8 55 هايتي 6102 - - 6 87 - - 51 58 65 - - 51 58 85 - - 21 88 06 هندوراس 6102 311 65 85 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - 25 7 1 8 85 2 1 - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 2 5 5 - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 08 7 31 78 08 1 8 2 8 8 68 8 6 0 إندونيسيا 6102 - - 2 8 - 08 7 31 78 08 - - - - - - - - - - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 66 81 71 38 27 86 82 6 8 36 03 6 37 كينيا 6102 75 53 8 2 28 36 61 12 7 57 26 62 31 78 07 17 52 57 7 - = ل يوجد تقدير. ل ي = ل ينطبق. وللاطلاع على تقديرات غ�ي مقربة، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. الملحق 1.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 98 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 62 52 57 - - - - - 62 52 57 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - 62 52 57 62 52 57 - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مناطق حضرية ٪ 6102 101 52 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 3 16 صفر 001 3 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 07 31 61 8 37 - - 2 8 3 2 7 11 8 17 بنغلاديش 6102 87 51 7 3 87 - - 21 88 27 17 71 21 88 17 2 6 2 8 2 بنن 6102 278 01 6 7 صفر 62 7 - 2 صفر 8 2 - 66 صفر 3 66 - بنن 6102 5 5 صفر - - 37 صفر 72 37 - 28 1 - - 6 صفر 13 6 - بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 75 3 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 356 702 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 7 71 6 88 58 31 2 8 58 36 23 5 5 2 بوركينا فاسو 6102 88 01 2 8 7 07 52 5 5 38 57 22 6 - - 1 بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 37 31 31 78 37 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 8 2 58 - - 51 58 17 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - 6 55 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - صفر 001 36 - - 21 88 7 - - 6 55 - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 3 32 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 75 73 7 3 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - 1 5 - - - 32 77 - - - 3 75 - تشاد 6102 - - 61 8 - - - 1 5 - - - 2 85 - - - 72 37 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 1 1 1 1 - - 5 5 - - - 01 0 - الصين 6102 - - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 12 81 16 3 33 - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 02 0 0 06 06 12 71 26 83 13 - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 73 5 81 28 6 16 2 01 0 0 6 72 37 15 الكونغو 6102 7 7 6 57 63 5 1 18 26 82 32 77 75 35 83 1 57 كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 75 2 1 68 17 6 32 31 78 78 - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - 2 83 1 18 16 26 82 11 8 7 - - - - - جمهورية التشيك 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - التشيك جمهورية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - 51 58 28 - - 15 0 - - 16 3 03 - - 33 76 85 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية الديمقراطية جمهورية الكونغو 6102 637 87 3 - - 05 05 1 - - 61 8 8 - - 5 1 13 جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - 81 28 - - - 5 5 - - - 3 66 - جيبوتي 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 22 87 - - - 02 08 - - - 8 2 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 77 81 5 5 2 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 8 61 صفر 001 67 81 6 1 77 71 6 1 7 12 صفر 001 إريتيريا 2102 165 63 - - 1 68 77 - - - - - - - - - - إريتيريا 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إسواتيني 6102 3 3 1 32 - - صفر 001 88 - - - - - - - - - - إسواتيني 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 03 3 13 6 76 67 1 11 0 58 52 2 33 76 25 إثيوبيا 6102 78 8 5 5 5 1 03 2 17 35 32 8 2 17 07 37 22 5 5 2 غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - 6 05 - - - - - - - 8 2 23 غامبيا 6102 - - صفر 001 57 - - 5 5 8 - - 5 6 5 - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 17 62 3 7 2 7 21 1 1 17 32 6 غانا 6102 58 21 6 0 36 72 01 0 0 77 22 1 0 3 52 57 55 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 غينيا – بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - 8 2 - - - - - - - - - - - غينيا – بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - غيانا 102 367 62 25 52 32 77 25 - - - - - - - - - - غيانا 102 27 11 81 28 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - 1 68 5 - - 8 2 2 - - 61 8 55 هايتي 6102 - - 6 87 - - 51 58 65 - - 51 58 85 - - 21 88 06 هندوراس 6102 311 65 85 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - 25 7 1 8 85 2 1 - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 2 5 5 - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 08 7 31 78 08 1 8 2 8 8 68 8 6 0 إندونيسيا 6102 - - 2 8 - 08 7 31 78 08 - - - - - - - - - - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 66 81 71 38 27 86 82 6 8 36 03 6 37 كينيا 6102 75 53 8 2 28 36 61 12 7 57 26 62 31 78 07 17 52 57 7 09 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 - - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 07 2 6 07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 700 6 88 16 2 73 6 - - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليسوتو 5102 531 2 72 75 83 6 75 - - - - - 15 3 5 5 15 ليسوتو 5102 68 1 صفر 001 68 5 1 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 - - 05 05 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - 3 75 - - - 25 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - 82 27 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - 1 68 - - - 2 67 - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - 2 8 7 - - صفر 001 001 08 1 1 08 ملاوي 6102 - - صفر 001 7 08 1 1 28 - - 2 8 17 - - 1 78 ملديف 6102 82 3 55 3 2 8 55 52 57 صفر 001 - 55 2 2 8 55 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 5 71 1 - - 11 8 - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 18 8 11 8 - 88 8 - - 06 72 31 - - موريتانيا 6102 5 3 3 - - 87 51 7 - - 77 1 - - 88 01 2 - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - 02 08 - - - - - - 55 13 51 58 66 موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - 5 23 1 68 6 - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - 72 37 17 - - 3 7 7 - - 2 17 6 ميانمار 6102 - - 2 8 5 - - 13 6 86 - - 82 27 07 - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - 7 3 6 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - 01 0 77 - - 6 06 - - 6 26 - - 21 88 17 نيكاراغوا 102 10 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيكاراغوا 102 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - 3 16 - - - 2 8 - - - 7 35 - النيجر 6102 - - 1 - - - 63 6 - - - 2 85 - - - 1 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 05 51 63 6 05 - - 13 6 - - - 3 75 - نيجيريا 6102 - - 31 78 - - - 3 75 - - - 0 06 - - - 1 18 - 6102 580 8 31 07 2 6 88 - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - 17 2 5 5 88 - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 58 8 7 3 68 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 58 8 7 3 68 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 6 63 81 28 17 - - 5 5 1 - - 22 87 55 بيرو 6102 - - - - - 5 72 82 27 75 6 72 72 37 85 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - 02 18 16 - - - - - - - 02 18 16 الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - 02 18 16 - - 02 18 16 - - - - - 102 070 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مولدوفا جمهورية 102 - - 2 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية مولدوفا رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - 6 3 3 7 1 رواندا 6102 - - - - - 36 63 2 8 8 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 سانت كيتس ونيفس 6102 011 15 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 6 3 21 88 7 28 31 6 63 05 1 68 66 السنغال 6102 8 7 1 88 5 21 88 37 2 6 21 88 27 67 1 01 0 88 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 6 صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - 62 7 7 - - 61 8 8 - - 1 07 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - 31 78 7 - - 11 8 27 - - 1 2 جزر سليمان 102 675 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر سليمان 102 76 33 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصومال 6102 813 1 - - 22 87 66 - - 01 0 0 - - 3 16 7 الصومال 6102 - - 3 7 68 - - 32 77 6 - - 62 7 36 - - 31 78 37 جنوب أفريقيا 6102 510 65 56 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - الملحق 1.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 19 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 - - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 07 2 6 07 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 700 6 88 16 2 73 6 - - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليسوتو 5102 531 2 72 75 83 6 75 - - - - - 15 3 5 5 15 ليسوتو 5102 68 1 صفر 001 68 5 1 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 - - 05 05 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - 3 75 - - - 25 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - 82 27 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - 1 68 - - - 2 67 - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - 2 8 7 - - صفر 001 001 08 1 1 08 ملاوي 6102 - - صفر 001 7 08 1 1 28 - - 2 8 17 - - 1 78 ملديف 6102 82 3 55 3 2 8 55 52 57 صفر 001 - 55 2 2 8 55 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 5 71 1 - - 11 8 - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 18 8 11 8 - 88 8 - - 06 72 31 - - موريتانيا 6102 5 3 3 - - 87 51 7 - - 77 1 - - 88 01 2 - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - 02 08 - - - - - - 55 13 51 58 66 موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - 5 23 1 68 6 - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - 72 37 17 - - 3 7 7 - - 2 17 6 ميانمار 6102 - - 2 8 5 - - 13 6 86 - - 82 27 07 - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - 7 3 6 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - 01 0 77 - - 6 06 - - 6 26 - - 21 88 17 نيكاراغوا 102 10 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيكاراغوا 102 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - 3 16 - - - 2 8 - - - 7 35 - النيجر 6102 - - 1 - - - 63 6 - - - 2 85 - - - 1 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 05 51 63 6 05 - - 13 6 - - - 3 75 - نيجيريا 6102 - - 31 78 - - - 3 75 - - - 0 06 - - - 1 18 - 6102 580 8 31 07 2 6 88 - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - 17 2 5 5 88 - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 58 8 7 3 68 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 58 8 7 3 68 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 6 63 81 28 17 - - 5 5 1 - - 22 87 55 بيرو 6102 - - - - - 5 72 82 27 75 6 72 72 37 85 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - 02 18 16 - - - - - - - 02 18 16 الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - 02 18 16 - - 02 18 16 - - - - - 102 070 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مولدوفا جمهورية 102 - - 2 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية مولدوفا رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - 6 3 3 7 1 رواندا 6102 - - - - - 36 63 2 8 8 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 سانت كيتس ونيفس 6102 011 15 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 6 3 21 88 7 28 31 6 63 05 1 68 66 السنغال 6102 8 7 1 88 5 21 88 37 2 6 21 88 27 67 1 01 0 88 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 6 صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - 62 7 7 - - 61 8 8 - - 1 07 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - 31 78 7 - - 11 8 27 - - 1 2 جزر سليمان 102 675 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر سليمان 102 76 33 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصومال 6102 813 1 - - 22 87 66 - - 01 0 0 - - 3 16 7 الصومال 6102 - - 3 7 68 - - 32 77 6 - - 62 7 36 - - 31 78 37 جنوب أفريقيا 6102 510 65 56 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - 29 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - 63 6 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - 1 - - - 0 06 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 صفر 1 001 صفر صفر 001 001 صفر 1 سري لانكا 6102 3 3 3 7 7 صفر 1 صفر 1 001 صفر صفر 001 001 تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - 6 2 - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 6 1 - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 85 2 31 78 85 68 1 صفر 001 68 - - 81 28 7 توغو 6102 3 83 81 28 3 87 81 6 68 15 33 61 8 15 - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 6102 563 1 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - 5 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 1 - - 5 5 1 - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 13 56 6 63 25 7 2 8 67 83 5 8 2 7 أوغندا 6102 16 03 1 38 2 5 3 7 35 22 27 6 2 1 55 6 8 6102 275 55 23 56 1 12 7 56 78 6 78 5 51 13 6 5 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 68 1 صفر 001 68 6 1 12 7 6 75 51 82 27 75 58 11 6 58 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فييت نام 6102 65 53 15 6 3 7 15 - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 6 35 1 6 25 6 25 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - 2 8 3 - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 0 5 51 58 8 85 73 5 5 58 15 33 61 8 16 زامبيا 6102 85 0 2 8 28 15 3 61 8 86 63 5 1 18 83 7 6 7 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 18 31 6 8 5 5 5 5 08 1 7 3 2 زمبابوي 6102 0 6 5 5 5 08 1 6 3 18 1 6 3 18 31 7 3 3 الملحق 1.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 39 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - 63 6 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - 1 - - - 0 06 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 صفر 1 001 صفر صفر 001 001 صفر 1 سري لانكا 6102 3 3 3 7 7 صفر 1 صفر 1 001 صفر صفر 001 001 تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - 6 2 - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 6 1 - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 85 2 31 78 85 68 1 صفر 001 68 - - 81 28 7 توغو 6102 3 83 81 28 3 87 81 6 68 15 33 61 8 15 - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 6102 563 1 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - 5 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 1 - - 5 5 1 - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 13 56 6 63 25 7 2 8 67 83 5 8 2 7 أوغندا 6102 16 03 1 38 2 5 3 7 35 22 27 6 2 1 55 6 8 6102 275 55 23 56 1 12 7 56 78 6 78 5 51 13 6 5 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 68 1 صفر 001 68 6 1 12 7 6 75 51 82 27 75 58 11 6 58 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فييت نام 6102 65 53 15 6 3 7 15 - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 6 35 1 6 25 6 25 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - 2 8 3 - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 0 5 51 58 8 85 73 5 5 58 15 33 61 8 16 زامبيا 6102 85 0 2 8 28 15 3 61 8 86 63 5 1 18 83 7 6 7 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 18 31 6 8 5 5 5 5 08 1 7 3 2 زمبابوي 6102 0 6 5 5 5 08 1 6 3 18 1 6 3 18 31 7 3 3 49 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - 73 36 - - - - - - - - 73 36 - أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - 73 36 - - - 73 36 - - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 88 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 101 52 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 1 0 1 18 26 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 8 25 صفر 001 8 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 - - 7 3 17 - - 3 7 7 - - 6 8 بنغلاديش 6102 26 33 5 5 3 - - 01 0 0 - - 01 0 0 - - 3 7 7 بربادوس 6102 582 13 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - بربادوس 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - بنن 6102 278 01 6 - - 1 - - - 11 8 - - - 7 3 - بنن 6102 - - 1 - - - 1 - - - 8 2 - - - 21 88 - 6102 888 01 6 - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - (المتعددة القوميات بوليفيا (دولة - 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوليفيا (دولة - (المتعددة القوميات البرازيل 6102 356 702 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 - - - - - 2 57 1 68 - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 - - 6 - - - 6 - - - 6 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 - - - - - - - 6 - - - 5 5 - - - 6 - بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 - - 7 3 68 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 3 7 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - 2 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 8 8 - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - 72 37 - - - 8 2 - - - 2 17 - تشاد 6102 - - 7 3 - - - 2 17 - - - 32 77 - - - 13 6 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - 3 7 38 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - كولومبيا 6102 356 8 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كولومبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 001 - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 2 15 83 - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 02 08 صفر 001 06 1 7 25 8 63 - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 - - 2 8 6 - - 3 7 - - صفر 001 الكونغو 6102 - - 2 8 7 - - 2 8 6 - - 1 8 - - 3 7 تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 5 5 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 637 87 3 - - 5 1 2 - - 1 18 25 - - 6 13 32 الديمقراطية جمهورية الكونغو 6102 - - 81 28 - - 16 3 2 - - 07 03 2 - - 65 73 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - 5 5 - - - صفر 001 - - - 11 8 - جيبوتي 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 6 - - - 6 - - - صفر 001 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 - - 1 28 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 - - 5 5 8 - - 1 18 - - 01 0 08 - - 2 8 7 إريتريا 2102 165 63 - - 81 28 56 - - - - - - - - - - إريتريا 2102 - - 02 08 5 - - 71 38 66 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 5 71 2 67 67 66 32 01 0 58 3 76 03 07 56 إثيوبيا 6102 7 1 6 0 3 6 82 27 66 5 71 2 67 67 8 6 5 5 غانا 6102 702 82 55 - - 71 38 38 - - 51 58 58 - - 1 18 18 غانا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 02 08 08 - - 11 8 8 - - 52 57 57 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - 1 5 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - 3 75 7 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - 81 28 6 - - 01 0 0 - - 32 77 77 هايتي 6102 - - 7 3 0 - - 02 08 66 - - 81 28 16 - - 81 28 67 هندوراس 6102 311 65 1 5 6 8 - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - صفر 5 5 5 28 1 5 6 8 - - - - - الملحق 2.3 | التقديرات الوطنية - = ل يوجد تقدير. ل ي = ل ينطبق. وللاطلاع على تقديرات غ�ي مقربة، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 59 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - 73 36 - - - - - - - - 73 36 - أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - 73 36 - - - 73 36 - - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 88 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 101 52 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 1 0 1 18 26 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 8 25 صفر 001 8 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 - - 7 3 17 - - 3 7 7 - - 6 8 بنغلاديش 6102 26 33 5 5 3 - - 01 0 0 - - 01 0 0 - - 3 7 7 بربادوس 6102 582 13 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - بربادوس 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - بنن 6102 278 01 6 - - 1 - - - 11 8 - - - 7 3 - بنن 6102 - - 1 - - - 1 - - - 8 2 - - - 21 88 - 6102 888 01 6 - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - (المتعددة القوميات بوليفيا (دولة - 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوليفيا (دولة - (المتعددة القوميات البرازيل 6102 356 702 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 6102 - - - - - 2 57 1 68 - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 - - 6 - - - 6 - - - 6 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 - - - - - - - 6 - - - 5 5 - - - 6 - بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 - - 7 3 68 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 3 7 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - 2 8 8 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 8 8 - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - 72 37 - - - 8 2 - - - 2 17 - تشاد 6102 - - 7 3 - - - 2 17 - - - 32 77 - - - 13 6 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - 3 7 38 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - كولومبيا 6102 356 8 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كولومبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 001 - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 2 15 83 - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 02 08 صفر 001 06 1 7 25 8 63 - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 - - 2 8 6 - - 3 7 - - صفر 001 الكونغو 6102 - - 2 8 7 - - 2 8 6 - - 1 8 - - 3 7 تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 5 5 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 637 87 3 - - 5 1 2 - - 1 18 25 - - 6 13 32 الديمقراطية جمهورية الكونغو 6102 - - 81 28 - - 16 3 2 - - 07 03 2 - - 65 73 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - 5 5 - - - صفر 001 - - - 11 8 - جيبوتي 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 6 - - - 6 - - - صفر 001 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 - - 1 28 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 - - 5 5 8 - - 1 18 - - 01 0 08 - - 2 8 7 إريتريا 2102 165 63 - - 81 28 56 - - - - - - - - - - إريتريا 2102 - - 02 08 5 - - 71 38 66 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 5 71 2 67 67 66 32 01 0 58 3 76 03 07 56 إثيوبيا 6102 7 1 6 0 3 6 82 27 66 5 71 2 67 67 8 6 5 5 غانا 6102 702 82 55 - - 71 38 38 - - 51 58 58 - - 1 18 18 غانا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 02 08 08 - - 11 8 8 - - 52 57 57 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - 1 5 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - 3 75 7 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - 81 28 6 - - 01 0 0 - - 32 77 77 هايتي 6102 - - 7 3 0 - - 02 08 66 - - 81 28 16 - - 81 28 67 هندوراس 6102 311 65 1 5 6 8 - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - صفر 5 5 5 28 1 5 6 8 - - - - - 69 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 5 55 - - - - - - - - 53 56 - الهند 6102 - - 71 38 38 - - 3 16 - - - 32 77 - - - 36 73 - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 - - 31 78 - - - 1 - - - 1 - إندونيسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 31 78 - - - - - - - - - - - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 - - 1 68 68 - - 3 7 7 01 88 1 8 كينيا 6102 - - 8 2 2 8 77 51 58 37 - - 1 1 - - 02 08 08 الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 - - صفر 001 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - - 55 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية 6102 857 6 3 - - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية لبنان 6102 700 6 88 61 66 81 38 38 - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليسوتو 5102 531 2 72 صفر 7 3 7 3 - - - - - صفر 7 3 7 1 ليسوتو 5102 صفر 001 صفر 001 75 صفر 7 3 7 1 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 3 37 2 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 5 1 2 3 1 6 58 - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - 11 8 - - - 8 2 - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - 11 8 68 - - 6 6 - - 7 3 8 ملاوي 6102 - - 6 6 - - 6 78 - - 31 78 78 - - 8 2 2 ملديف 6102 82 3 51 58 صفر 001 05 05 صفر 001 001 31 78 صفر 001 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 5 71 1 - - 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 - - 02 08 - - - 7 3 - - - 8 25 - موريتانيا 6102 - - 2 8 - - - 13 6 - - - 33 76 - - - 8 2 - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 58 51 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - 3 75 - - - - - - 2 16 73 36 16 موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - 2 56 33 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - 61 8 - - - صفر 001 - - - 71 38 - ميانمار 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 81 28 - - - 61 8 - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - 1 18 - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - 31 78 7 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - 8 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - 1 1 - - 8 2 2 - - 7 3 3 - - 21 88 88 نيكاراغوا 6102 051 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - نيكاراغوا 6102 - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - 31 78 62 - - 2 8 6 - - 71 38 12 النيجر 6102 - - 5 5 - - - 1 68 - - - 1 68 22 - - 1 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 21 7 1 5 - - 35 7 - - 27 82 72 نيجيريا 6102 - - 3 16 06 - - 6 13 2 - - 66 3 23 - - 6 5 35 بابوا غينيا الجديدة 6102 580 8 31 - - 23 86 - - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة 6102 - - - - - - - 33 76 - - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 62 26 21 88 36 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 62 26 21 88 36 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 7 38 01 0 38 - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - 5 8 11 8 28 7 38 01 0 38 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - 5 5 - الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 - - - 5 5 - - - - - - رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 7 88 رواندا 6102 - - - - - - - 3 7 8 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - سانت كيتس ونيفس سانت لوسيا 6102 871 1 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - سانت لوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - الملحق 2.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 79 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 5 55 - - - - - - - - 53 56 - الهند 6102 - - 71 38 38 - - 3 16 - - - 32 77 - - - 36 73 - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 - - 31 78 - - - 1 - - - 1 - إندونيسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 31 78 - - - - - - - - - - - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 - - 1 68 68 - - 3 7 7 01 88 1 8 كينيا 6102 - - 8 2 2 8 77 51 58 37 - - 1 1 - - 02 08 08 الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 - - صفر 001 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - - 55 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية 6102 857 6 3 - - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية لبنان 6102 700 6 88 61 66 81 38 38 - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليسوتو 5102 531 2 72 صفر 7 3 7 3 - - - - - صفر 7 3 7 1 ليسوتو 5102 صفر 001 صفر 001 75 صفر 7 3 7 1 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 3 37 2 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 5 1 2 3 1 6 58 - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - 11 8 - - - 8 2 - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - 11 8 68 - - 6 6 - - 7 3 8 ملاوي 6102 - - 6 6 - - 6 78 - - 31 78 78 - - 8 2 2 ملديف 6102 82 3 51 58 صفر 001 05 05 صفر 001 001 31 78 صفر 001 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 5 71 1 - - 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 - - 02 08 - - - 7 3 - - - 8 25 - موريتانيا 6102 - - 2 8 - - - 13 6 - - - 33 76 - - - 8 2 - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 58 51 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - 3 75 - - - - - - 2 16 73 36 16 موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - 2 56 33 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - 61 8 - - - صفر 001 - - - 71 38 - ميانمار 6102 - - صفر 001 - - - 81 28 - - - 61 8 - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - 1 18 - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - 31 78 7 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - 8 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - 1 1 - - 8 2 2 - - 7 3 3 - - 21 88 88 نيكاراغوا 6102 051 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - نيكاراغوا 6102 - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - 31 78 62 - - 2 8 6 - - 71 38 12 النيجر 6102 - - 5 5 - - - 1 68 - - - 1 68 22 - - 1 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 21 7 1 5 - - 35 7 - - 27 82 72 نيجيريا 6102 - - 3 16 06 - - 6 13 2 - - 66 3 23 - - 6 5 35 بابوا غينيا الجديدة 6102 580 8 31 - - 23 86 - - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة 6102 - - - - - - - 33 76 - - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 62 26 21 88 36 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 62 26 21 88 36 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 7 38 01 0 38 - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - 5 8 11 8 28 7 38 01 0 38 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - 5 5 - الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 - - - 5 5 - - - - - - رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 7 88 رواندا 6102 - - - - - - - 3 7 8 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - سانت كيتس ونيفس سانت لوسيا 6102 871 1 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - سانت لوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - 89 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 011 15 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 - - 21 88 88 - - 5 5 5 - - 1 68 68 السنغال 6102 - - 1 1 - - 21 88 88 - - 21 88 88 - - 11 8 8 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 37 72 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 65 - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - 51 58 58 - - 31 78 78 - - 51 58 58 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - 51 58 58 - - 61 8 8 - - 2 8 8 الصومال 6102 813 1 - - 2 67 - - - 1 68 - - - 3 16 - الصومال 6102 - - 01 0 - - - 52 57 - - - 2 17 - - - 21 88 - جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - 6 88 - - 1 28 - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 - - 7 3 3 - - 8 2 2 - - 7 3 3 سري لانكا 6102 - - 1 - - 21 88 88 - - 8 2 2 - - صفر 001 001 طاجيكستان 2102 5 7 72 - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - طاجيكستان 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - 3 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 - - 52 57 66 - - 1 18 76 - - 33 76 66 توغو 6102 - - 63 6 26 - - 2 67 27 - - 82 27 6 - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 21 7 1 88 51 08 5 5 3 68 01 0 68 أوغندا 6102 - - 2 8 8 78 1 88 11 87 11 8 68 11 38 6 2 6102 275 55 23 5 6 15 15 16 2 17 17 2 15 15 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 8 86 2 67 67 5 05 05 05 3 5 15 6 66 82 27 27 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فييت نام 6102 65 53 - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 - - 1 7 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 - - 7 3 1 - - 3 7 7 1 0 1 58 زامبيا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 1 2 7 3 0 - - 01 0 08 - - 2 8 8 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 71 38 صفر 001 27 2 7 2 8 2 61 8 صفر 001 7 زمبابوي 6102 63 6 صفر 001 63 1 68 صفر 001 87 12 08 صفر 001 7 51 58 صفر 001 27 الملحق 2.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 99 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ب) س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ال ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ص ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح ة ( سي سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد رة فت ل خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز س و جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ل ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ي ا ذو ص خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 011 15 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 - - صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 - - 21 88 88 - - 5 5 5 - - 1 68 68 السنغال 6102 - - 1 1 - - 21 88 88 - - 21 88 88 - - 11 8 8 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 37 72 صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 65 - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - 51 58 58 - - 31 78 78 - - 51 58 58 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - 51 58 58 - - 61 8 8 - - 2 8 8 الصومال 6102 813 1 - - 2 67 - - - 1 68 - - - 3 16 - الصومال 6102 - - 01 0 - - - 52 57 - - - 2 17 - - - 21 88 - جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - 8 2 8 - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - 6 88 - - 1 28 - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 - - 7 3 3 - - 8 2 2 - - 7 3 3 سري لانكا 6102 - - 1 - - 21 88 88 - - 8 2 2 - - صفر 001 001 طاجيكستان 2102 5 7 72 - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - طاجيكستان 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - 3 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 - - صفر 001 001 - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 - - 52 57 66 - - 1 18 76 - - 33 76 66 توغو 6102 - - 63 6 26 - - 2 67 27 - - 82 27 6 - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 21 7 1 88 51 08 5 5 3 68 01 0 68 أوغندا 6102 - - 2 8 8 78 1 88 11 87 11 8 68 11 38 6 2 6102 275 55 23 5 6 15 15 16 2 17 17 2 15 15 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 8 86 2 67 67 5 05 05 05 3 5 15 6 66 82 27 27 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فييت نام 6102 65 53 - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 - - 1 7 - - 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - صفر 001 - - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 - - 7 3 1 - - 3 7 7 1 0 1 58 زامبيا 6102 - - صفر 001 001 1 2 7 3 0 - - 01 0 08 - - 2 8 8 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 71 38 صفر 001 27 2 7 2 8 2 61 8 صفر 001 7 زمبابوي 6102 63 6 صفر 001 63 1 68 صفر 001 87 12 08 صفر 001 7 51 58 صفر 001 27 001 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - 82 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - 82 - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 101 52 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 6 - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 - - - 5 - - - - 0 - - - - 7 - بنغلاديش 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 15 - - - - 15 - - - - 0 - بنن 6102 278 01 6 - - - 0 - - - - 5 - - - - 78 - بنن 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 8 - - - - 8 - - - - 2 - بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 75 - - 3 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 5 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 - - صفر 0 - - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 0 - - - - 7 - بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 3 32 55 - - - 17 - - - - - - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - 8 - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - - 87 - - - - 2 - - - - 08 - تشاد 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 87 - - - - 28 - - - - 38 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 63 6 صفر 63 76 - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - 63 6 صفر 63 76 63 6 صفر 63 76 - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 - - - 0 - - - - 32 - - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 - - - 16 - - - - 16 - - - - 16 - الكونغو 6102 - - - 36 - - - - 16 - - - - 85 - - - - 56 - كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 - - 2 77 - - - 77 - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - - - 27 - - - صفر 18 - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - 8 - - - - 16 - - - - 55 - - - - 7 - جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية 6102 637 87 3 - - - 26 - - - - 38 - - - - 75 - جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - - 53 - - - - 5 - - - - 2 - جيبوتي 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 2 - - - - 13 - - - - 16 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 1 صفر 36 01 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 6 صفر 56 5 01 0 صفر 36 11 6 صفر 26 6 72 37 صفر 17 03 إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 - - 2 25 - - - 1 6 - - - 3 33 - إثيوبيا 6102 - - 1 58 - - - 2 - - - 2 2 - - - 2 86 - غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - - 58 - - - - - - - - - - - غامبيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 - - صفر 2 - - - صفر - - - صفر 8 - غانا 6102 - - صفر 78 - - - صفر 6 - - - صفر 2 - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - - 17 - - - - 37 - - - - 07 - هايتي 6102 - - - 08 - - - - 07 - - - - 6 - - - - 57 - الملحق 3.3 | التقديرات الوطنية - = ل يوجد تقدير. ل ي = ل ينطبق. وللاطلاع على تقديرات غ�ي مقربة، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 101 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - 82 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - 82 - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 101 52 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 6 - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 - - - 5 - - - - 0 - - - - 7 - بنغلاديش 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 15 - - - - 15 - - - - 0 - بنن 6102 278 01 6 - - - 0 - - - - 5 - - - - 78 - بنن 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 8 - - - - 8 - - - - 2 - بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 75 - - 3 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 5 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 - - صفر 0 - - - صفر 1 - - - صفر 0 - - - - 7 - بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 3 32 55 - - - 17 - - - - - - - - - - - الكاميرون 6102 - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - 8 - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 - - - 87 - - - - 2 - - - - 08 - تشاد 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 87 - - - - 28 - - - - 38 - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 63 6 صفر 63 76 - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - 63 6 صفر 63 76 63 6 صفر 63 76 - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 - - - 0 - - - - 32 - - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 - - - 16 - - - - 16 - - - - 16 - الكونغو 6102 - - - 36 - - - - 16 - - - - 85 - - - - 56 - كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 - - 2 77 - - - 77 - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - - - 27 - - - صفر 18 - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - 8 - - - - 16 - - - - 55 - - - - 7 - جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية 6102 637 87 3 - - - 26 - - - - 38 - - - - 75 - جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 - - - 53 - - - - 5 - - - - 2 - جيبوتي 6102 - - - 6 - - - - 2 - - - - 13 - - - - 16 - مصر 0102 801 8 3 1 صفر 36 01 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 6 صفر 56 5 01 0 صفر 36 11 6 صفر 26 6 72 37 صفر 17 03 إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 - - 2 25 - - - 1 6 - - - 3 33 - إثيوبيا 6102 - - 1 58 - - - 2 - - - 2 2 - - - 2 86 - غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - - 58 - - - - - - - - - - - غامبيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 - - صفر 2 - - - صفر - - - صفر 8 - غانا 6102 - - صفر 78 - - - صفر 6 - - - صفر 2 - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 - - - 17 - - - - 37 - - - - 07 - هايتي 6102 - - - 08 - - - - 07 - - - - 6 - - - - 57 - 201 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 67 صفر 2 87 - - 05 - - - - 3 - - - - 26 - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 - - 1 08 - - - 1 38 - - - 1 77 - إندونيسيا 6102 - - 1 88 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 28 - - - 2 07 - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 - - صفر 77 - - - صفر 18 - - - صفر 7 - كينيا 6102 - - صفر 08 - - - 1 67 - - - صفر 67 - - - - 7 - الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 26 - - 7 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - 06 - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية 6102 857 6 3 - - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية لبنان 6102 700 6 88 - - 1 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 63 - - 35 63 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - - 5 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - - 37 - - - - 58 - - - - 35 - ملاوي 6102 - - - 0 - - - - 06 - - - - 85 - - - - 68 - ملديف 6102 82 3 08 02 صفر 88 68 57 52 صفر 001 57 08 02 صفر 88 68 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 - - - 8 - - - - 2 - - - - 6 - موريتانيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 67 - - - - 37 - - - - 7 - منغوليا 6102 720 3 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - منغوليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 001 - - 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - - 1 - - - - 001 - - - - 0 - ميانمار 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 0 - - - - 1 - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - - 68 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - - 07 - - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 37 - نيكاراغوا 6102 051 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - نيكاراغوا 6102 - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - صفر 86 - - - صفر 08 - - - 1 85 - النيجر 6102 - - - 68 - - - صفر 66 - - - صفر 86 - - - - 0 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 3 31 36 3 - - 2 27 - - - صفر 65 - نيجيريا 6102 - - 1 77 - - - 1 5 - - - 1 26 - - - 1 37 - 6102 580 8 31 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 - - - 51 - - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 51 - - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 - - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - - - - 57 - - - - 7 - - - - - - رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 07 - رواندا 6102 - - - - - - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0102 15 13 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 0102 - - - 76 - - - - 6 - - - - 5 - - - - 68 - سانت كيتس ونيفس الملحق 3.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 301 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 67 صفر 2 87 - - 05 - - - - 3 - - - - 26 - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 - - 1 08 - - - 1 38 - - - 1 77 - إندونيسيا 6102 - - 1 88 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 28 - - - 2 07 - كينيا 6102 26 8 62 - - صفر 77 - - - صفر 18 - - - صفر 7 - كينيا 6102 - - صفر 08 - - - 1 67 - - - صفر 67 - - - - 7 - الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 26 - - 7 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 - - - 06 - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية 6102 857 6 3 - - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية لبنان 6102 700 6 88 - - 1 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 63 - - 35 63 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - - 5 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 5 8 2 63 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 6102 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 - - - 37 - - - - 58 - - - - 35 - ملاوي 6102 - - - 0 - - - - 06 - - - - 85 - - - - 68 - ملديف 6102 82 3 08 02 صفر 88 68 57 52 صفر 001 57 08 02 صفر 88 68 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 - - - 8 - - - - 2 - - - - 6 - موريتانيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 67 - - - - 37 - - - - 7 - منغوليا 6102 720 3 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - منغوليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 001 - - 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موزامبيق 6102 28 82 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - موزامبيق 6102 - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 - - - 1 - - - - 001 - - - - 0 - ميانمار 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 0 - - - - 1 - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 08 2 8 - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 6102 - - - 68 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 - - - 07 - - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 37 - نيكاراغوا 6102 051 6 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - نيكاراغوا 6102 - - - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - النيجر 6102 376 02 61 - - صفر 86 - - - صفر 08 - - - 1 85 - النيجر 6102 - - - 68 - - - صفر 66 - - - صفر 86 - - - - 0 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 3 31 36 3 - - 2 27 - - - صفر 65 - نيجيريا 6102 - - 1 77 - - - 1 5 - - - 1 26 - - - 1 37 - 6102 580 8 31 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 - - - 51 - - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 51 - - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 - - - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - - - - 57 - - - - 7 - - - - - - رواندا 6102 81 11 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 07 - رواندا 6102 - - - - - - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - - 0102 15 13 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 0102 - - - 76 - - - - 6 - - - - 5 - - - - 68 - سانت كيتس ونيفس 401 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 011 15 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 18 - السنغال 6102 - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 2 - - - - 5 - صربيا 6102 028 8 65 001 - - 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - - 58 - - - - 0 - - - - 58 - سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - - 58 - - - - 38 - - - - 7 - الصومال 6102 813 1 - - - 85 - - - - 77 - - - - 03 - الصومال 6102 - - - 58 - - - - 65 - - - - 25 - - - - 17 - جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - - 08 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 - - - 1 - - - - 8 - - - - 8 - سري لانكا 6102 - - - 3 - - - - 0 - - - - 1 - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 - - - 1 - - - - 5 - - - - - - توغو 6102 - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - 2 - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 823 1 5 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 - - - 15 - - - - 8 - - - - 58 - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 - - 1 8 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 58 - أوغندا 6102 - - صفر 68 - - - 1 27 - - - 1 8 - - - - 6 - 6102 275 55 23 53 - - 66 53 16 - - 18 16 12 - - 5 12 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 85 - - 8 85 33 - - 56 33 2 - - 85 2 75 - - 58 75 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 - - - 08 - - - - 38 - - - - 35 - زامبيا 6102 - - - 1 - - - - 16 - - - - 08 - - - - 8 - زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 85 23 01 18 - 07 52 5 38 - 75 33 11 18 - زمبابوي 6102 65 53 08 - 5 23 01 18 - 35 53 21 87 - 16 13 6 - الملحق 3.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 501 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ن ب م قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ال ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد ط قا ي ن ة ف ود وج ر م غي يد ة ال اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 011 15 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - وجزر غرينادين سانت فنسنت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - - - - - - سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 18 - السنغال 6102 - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 2 - - - - 5 - صربيا 6102 028 8 65 001 - - 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 - - - 58 - - - - 0 - - - - 58 - سيراليون 6102 - - - - - - - - 58 - - - - 38 - - - - 7 - الصومال 6102 813 1 - - - 85 - - - - 77 - - - - 03 - الصومال 6102 - - - 58 - - - - 65 - - - - 25 - - - - 17 - جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - - 08 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 - - - 1 - - - - 8 - - - - 8 - سري لانكا 6102 - - - 3 - - - - 0 - - - - 1 - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 - - - 1 - - - - 5 - - - - - - توغو 6102 - - - - - - - - 0 - - - - 2 - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 823 1 5 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 - - - 15 - - - - 8 - - - - 58 - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 - - 1 8 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 58 - أوغندا 6102 - - صفر 68 - - - 1 27 - - - 1 8 - - - - 6 - 6102 275 55 23 53 - - 66 53 16 - - 18 16 12 - - 5 12 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 85 - - 8 85 33 - - 56 33 2 - - 85 2 75 - - 58 75 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 - - - 08 - - - - 38 - - - - 35 - زامبيا 6102 - - - 1 - - - - 16 - - - - 08 - - - - 8 - زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 85 23 01 18 - 07 52 5 38 - 75 33 11 18 - زمبابوي 6102 65 53 08 - 5 23 01 18 - 35 53 21 87 - 16 13 6 - 601 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - - 38 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - - - 38 - - - - 38 - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 88 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 0102 5 62 - - - 56 - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 0102 - - - 76 - - - - 6 - - - - 65 - - - - 57 - أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 7 - - 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 11 65 23 52 8 83 7 51 55 57 75 3 22 6 بنغلاديش 6102 11 7 2 52 25 11 5 03 52 7 75 3 22 6 73 8 51 5 7 بنن 6102 278 01 6 62 07 2 55 2 6 7 2 26 2 7 2 2 بنن 6102 5 55 صفر 86 37 52 17 1 5 03 76 3 6 06 71 67 7 3 بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 68 - - 6 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 5102 8 8 702 68 - - 71 65 - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 5102 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - 01 6 - - - 62 7 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 13 6 1 13 77 33 56 2 33 58 32 77 صفر 32 38 بوركينا فاسو 6102 68 5 5 1 23 76 1 23 7 32 77 صفر 32 8 83 06 2 83 18 بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 8 - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 18 - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 55 - - 7 55 07 - - 07 57 55 - - 17 55 تشاد 6102 88 - - 0 88 35 - - 67 35 75 - - 37 75 06 - - 06 66 الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 - - - 12 - - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 - - - 06 - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 21 72 06 0 62 21 23 55 5 52 21 12 66 3 72 الكونغو 6102 61 13 35 7 13 21 72 16 3 52 1 03 75 62 01 2 76 33 2 جزر كوك 6102 71 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر كوك 6102 05 - - 05 05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 - - - 08 - - - - 08 - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 2 - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 83 5 8 56 75 11 6 02 2 32 11 27 71 7 22 31 26 52 73 72 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية 6102 637 87 3 21 86 02 3 2 71 76 61 3 53 01 6 12 3 12 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 53 - - 53 1 3 - - 3 5 62 - - 62 73 جيبوتي 6102 6 - - 6 56 2 - - 2 75 13 - - 13 25 16 - - 16 2 إكوادور 6102 583 61 6 - - 35 5 35 - - 85 66 2 - - 5 05 إكوادور 6102 76 - - 27 28 8 - - 25 85 6 - - 05 65 36 - - 07 77 مصر 0102 801 8 3 71 38 صفر 33 5 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 22 87 صفر 73 65 51 58 صفر 23 2 - - صفر 3 - - - صفر 32 - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 6 - - 78 6 58 - - 3 58 5 - - 5 إثيوبيا 6102 - - 5 36 - - 68 36 86 - - 8 86 27 - - 67 27 غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - غامبيا 6102 - - - 36 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 15 - - 8 75 35 - - 6 5 05 - - 2 55 غانا 6102 7 - - 3 8 3 - - 001 2 65 - - 8 85 81 - - 16 32 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 صفر - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - صفر - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 6 17 32 51 53 8 06 23 71 8 87 81 31 62 هايتي 6102 21 36 62 22 25 5 27 32 1 23 6 37 02 61 03 5 6 52 1 73 هندوراس 6102 311 65 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - 6 - - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 67 12 3 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 66 - - 08 66 66 - - 8 86 6 - - 67 6 إندونيسيا 6102 8 - - 0 2 85 - - 77 85 07 - - 38 07 3 - - 06 05 الملحق 4.3 | التقديرات الوطنية - = ل يوجد تقدير. ل ي = ل ينطبق. وللاطلاع على تقديرات غ�ي مقربة، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 701 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أفغانستان 3102 237 13 2 - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - - 38 أفغانستان 3102 - - - - - - - - - 38 - - - - 38 - - - - - أندورا 6102 77 88 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - أندورا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 0102 5 62 - - - 56 - - - - - - - - - - - أنتيغوا وبربودا 0102 - - - 76 - - - - 6 - - - - 65 - - - - 57 - أرمينيا 6102 52 2 36 7 - - 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - أرمينيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 527 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بنغلاديش 6102 25 261 53 11 65 23 52 8 83 7 51 55 57 75 3 22 6 بنغلاديش 6102 11 7 2 52 25 11 5 03 52 7 75 3 22 6 73 8 51 5 7 بنن 6102 278 01 6 62 07 2 55 2 6 7 2 26 2 7 2 2 بنن 6102 5 55 صفر 86 37 52 17 1 5 03 76 3 6 06 71 67 7 3 بوتان 6102 8 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بوتان 6102 68 - - 6 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 5102 8 8 702 68 - - 71 65 - - - - - - - - - - - البرازيل 5102 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - 01 6 - - - 62 7 - بوركينا فاسو 6102 6 6 81 82 13 6 1 13 77 33 56 2 33 58 32 77 صفر 32 38 بوركينا فاسو 6102 68 5 5 1 23 76 1 23 7 32 77 صفر 32 8 83 06 2 83 18 بوروندي 6102 25 01 21 8 - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - بوروندي 6102 - - 18 - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 267 51 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كمبوديا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تشاد 6102 35 1 32 55 - - 7 55 07 - - 07 57 55 - - 17 55 تشاد 6102 88 - - 0 88 35 - - 67 35 75 - - 37 75 06 - - 06 66 الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 6 7 2 - - - 12 - - - - - - - - - - - جزر القمر 6102 - - - 06 - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - الكونغو 6102 621 5 66 21 72 06 0 62 21 23 55 5 52 21 12 66 3 72 الكونغو 6102 61 13 35 7 13 21 72 16 3 52 1 03 75 62 01 2 76 33 2 جزر كوك 6102 71 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر كوك 6102 05 - - 05 05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 6 6 32 05 - - - 08 - - - - 08 - - - - - - كوت ديفوار 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 2 - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 116 01 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - تشيكيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 83 5 8 56 75 11 6 02 2 32 11 27 71 7 22 31 26 52 73 72 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية 6102 637 87 3 21 86 02 3 2 71 76 61 3 53 01 6 12 3 12 جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية جيبوتي 6102 2 87 53 - - 53 1 3 - - 3 5 62 - - 62 73 جيبوتي 6102 6 - - 6 56 2 - - 2 75 13 - - 13 25 16 - - 16 2 إكوادور 6102 583 61 6 - - 35 5 35 - - 85 66 2 - - 5 05 إكوادور 6102 76 - - 27 28 8 - - 25 85 6 - - 05 65 36 - - 07 77 مصر 0102 801 8 3 71 38 صفر 33 5 - - - - - - - - - - مصر 0102 22 87 صفر 73 65 51 58 صفر 23 2 - - صفر 3 - - - صفر 32 - إستونيا 6102 213 1 6 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - إستونيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إثيوبيا 6102 30 201 02 6 - - 78 6 58 - - 3 58 5 - - 5 إثيوبيا 6102 - - 5 36 - - 68 36 86 - - 8 86 27 - - 67 27 غامبيا 6102 30 2 06 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - غامبيا 6102 - - - 36 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - غانا 6102 702 82 55 15 - - 8 75 35 - - 6 5 05 - - 2 55 غانا 6102 7 - - 3 8 3 - - 001 2 65 - - 8 85 81 - - 16 32 غرينادا 6102 701 63 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - غرينادا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - - - - 001 - غينيا - بيساو 6102 618 1 3 صفر - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - غينيا - بيساو 6102 - - - - - صفر - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - هايتي 6102 7 8 01 35 6 17 32 51 53 8 06 23 71 8 87 81 31 62 هايتي 6102 21 36 62 22 25 5 27 32 1 23 6 37 02 61 03 5 6 52 1 73 هندوراس 6102 311 65 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - هندوراس 6102 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - 6 - - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 67 12 3 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - إندونيسيا 6102 511 162 5 66 - - 08 66 66 - - 8 86 6 - - 67 6 إندونيسيا 6102 8 - - 0 2 85 - - 77 85 07 - - 38 07 3 - - 06 05 801 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم كينيا 6102 26 8 62 33 26 5 33 05 06 - - 1 06 - - 7 15 كينيا 6102 35 83 26 8 2 5 56 86 7 15 2 27 37 7 6 8 06 85 كيريباس 6102 11 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كيريباس 6102 05 صفر 05 05 05 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الكويت 6102 350 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - الكويت 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 65 5 63 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - قيرغيزستان 6102 27 - - 27 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 81 - - 81 07 0 - - 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية 6102 857 6 3 33 - - 33 05 - - - - - - - - - - جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية الشعبية لبنان 6102 700 6 88 6 13 5 5 6 - - - - - - - - - - لبنان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليسوتو 5102 531 2 72 7 33 02 08 75 - - - - - 6 63 1 18 25 ليسوتو 5102 6 1 12 7 68 5 53 02 08 35 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 76 - - 8 76 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 5 - - 88 5 36 - - 88 36 - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 3 2 6 08 3 - - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - ليبيا 6102 05 - - 8 05 3 - - 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 7 - - 001 7 2 - - 001 2 - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 102 0 5 32 53 2 - - 87 2 - - - - - - - - - - مدغشقر 102 - - - - - 0 - - 18 0 2 - - 67 2 - - - - - ملاوي 6102 2 0 81 71 3 65 1 0 3 65 2 38 5 3 65 صفر 2 7 ملاوي 6102 1 85 1 88 1 1 85 1 0 75 3 16 صفر 27 6 25 1 58 6 ملديف 6102 82 3 03 - - 7 5 05 - - 05 57 2 - - 7 85 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 5 71 1 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - مالي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر مارشال 6102 35 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر مارشال 6102 صفر - - 001 صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - موريتانيا 6102 103 25 52 5 12 07 63 6 01 76 76 7 36 03 5 1 موريتانيا 6102 26 63 2 0 6 32 55 22 5 0 81 85 2 15 53 16 33 6 77 27 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ميكرونيزيا (ولايات (- الموحدة 6102 501 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ميكرونيزيا (ولايات (- الموحدة منغوليا 6102 720 3 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - منغوليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 3 88 71 11 03 76 3 17 8 1 8 1 8 ميانمار 6102 22 37 5 86 73 1 0 11 8 2 8 71 01 6 6 6 17 ناميبيا 3102 713 2 5 02 77 3 35 55 - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 3102 33 26 85 78 1 87 3 25 15 1 7 2 3 15 52 07 5 13 76 ناورو 6102 11 001 - - - - - - - - - - NN NN NN NN NN ناورو 6102 - - - صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 1 26 63 5 12 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 1 53 6 3 1 37 62 5 31 1 17 82 31 2 23 56 5 النيجر 6102 376 02 61 06 - - 37 06 6 - - 17 07 8 - - 57 8 النيجر 6102 - - - 26 - 65 - - 67 65 85 - - 7 85 - - - 86 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 3 7 01 37 3 05 6 08 05 63 51 76 63 نيجيريا 6102 15 5 37 25 0 8 21 37 0 2 77 2 62 85 61 0 05 نيوي 6102 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيوي 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بالاو 6102 22 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بالاو 6102 صفر - - 001 صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 580 8 31 01 - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 6 - - 08 32 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 08 32 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 82 - - 7 82 - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - 72 - - 8 72 82 - - 7 82 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - 86 - الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - رواندا 1102 615 01 71 7 3 1 26 - - - - - - - - - - رواندا 1102 76 13 2 3 7 8 3 0 06 05 1 16 5 6 68 36 الملحق 4.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 901 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم كينيا 6102 26 8 62 33 26 5 33 05 06 - - 1 06 - - 7 15 كينيا 6102 35 83 26 8 2 5 56 86 7 15 2 27 37 7 6 8 06 85 كيريباس 6102 11 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - كيريباس 6102 05 صفر 05 05 05 - - - - - 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ميانمار 6102 588 25 03 3 88 71 11 03 76 3 17 8 1 8 1 8 ميانمار 6102 22 37 5 86 73 1 0 11 8 2 8 71 01 6 6 6 17 ناميبيا 3102 713 2 5 02 77 3 35 55 - - - - - - - - - - ناميبيا 3102 33 26 85 78 1 87 3 25 15 1 7 2 3 15 52 07 5 13 76 ناورو 6102 11 001 - - - - - - - - - - NN NN NN NN NN ناورو 6102 - - - صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 38 82 1 1 26 63 5 12 - - - - - - - - - - نيبال 6102 1 53 6 3 1 37 62 5 31 1 17 82 31 2 23 56 5 النيجر 6102 376 02 61 06 - - 37 06 6 - - 17 07 8 - - 57 8 النيجر 6102 - - - 26 - 65 - - 67 65 85 - - 7 85 - - - 86 - نيجيريا 6102 0 581 3 7 01 37 3 05 6 08 05 63 51 76 63 نيجيريا 6102 15 5 37 25 0 8 21 37 0 2 77 2 62 85 61 0 05 نيوي 6102 2 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - نيوي 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بالاو 6102 22 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - بالاو 6102 صفر - - 001 صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 580 8 31 01 - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - الجديدة بابوا غينيا 6102 - - - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - بابوا غينيا الجديدة باراغواي 6102 527 6 16 6 - - 08 32 - - - - - - - - - - باراغواي 6102 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 08 32 - - - - - بيرو 6102 77 13 87 82 - - 7 82 - - - - - - - - - - بيرو 6102 - - - - - 72 - - 8 72 82 - - 7 82 - - - - - الفلبين 6102 023 301 6 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - 86 - الفلبين 6102 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - رواندا 1102 615 01 71 7 3 1 26 - - - - - - - - - - رواندا 1102 76 13 2 3 7 8 3 0 06 05 1 16 5 6 68 36 011 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - سانت كيتس ونيفس سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 13 5 51 0 1 32 75 1 23 85 33 65 21 33 السنغال 6102 33 2 3 6 13 55 1 1 3 13 65 31 0 73 13 5 2 3 5 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 65 08 - - 08 08 - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 71 38 صفر 5 35 72 37 صفر 07 3 51 58 صفر 13 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - 61 8 صفر 05 13 51 58 صفر 8 13 1 5 صفر 8 6 جزر سليمان 6102 5 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر سليمان 6102 85 - - 001 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصومال 6102 813 1 31 85 2 15 62 02 56 51 66 3 2 6 25 82 31 الصومال 6102 3 6 2 3 2 11 75 23 8 2 21 5 3 52 51 66 1 76 82 جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 72 6 15 7 15 1 66 6 1 67 5 5 3 سري لانكا 6102 83 06 1 36 25 81 67 6 3 83 32 7 7 0 27 52 3 78 8 طاجيكستان 2102 5 7 72 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - طاجيكستان 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 0 06 صفر 001 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 03 86 2 37 23 3 05 7 57 8 - - - - - توغو 6102 - - - - - 82 07 2 27 2 03 86 2 7 23 - - - - - تونغا 6102 701 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تونغا 6102 31 88 صفر 001 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 823 1 5 - - - 78 - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 - - - 6 - - - - 1 - - - - 88 - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 81 - - - - - توفالو 6102 11 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - توفالو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 3 - - 07 3 - - 56 2 - - 57 53 أوغندا 6102 27 - - 2 27 2 - - 86 33 1 - - 58 1 2 - - 06 25 6102 275 55 23 72 56 7 25 3 3 7 06 5 1 7 8 6 82 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 7 06 85 62 66 7 25 3 02 7 7 05 13 7 3 01 85 16 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فانواتو 6102 072 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - فانواتو 6102 صفر - - 001 صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 65 53 - - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 - - - - 2 - - - - 36 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة اليمن 6102 85 72 53 31 73 05 63 02 - - 05 - - - - 05 - - اليمن 6102 7 23 1 - - 06 - - 1 53 15 63 02 - - - - - زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 0 - - 8 27 16 - - 0 67 0 - - 8 36 زامبيا 6102 75 - - 27 78 63 - - 68 76 6 - - 78 68 36 - - 5 68 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 55 5 صفر 07 55 0 صفر 5 0 6 5 صفر 6 6 زمبابوي 6102 6 3 2 6 17 35 7 صفر 17 35 15 صفر 86 15 37 72 صفر 7 37 الملحق 4.3 | التقديرات الوطنية 111 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ولا ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ت ( ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ُت ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد ت م ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال و ت أ ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم 6102 55 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيفس سانت كيتس 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 001 - سانت كيتس ونيفس سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 السنغال 6102 21 51 6 13 5 51 0 1 32 75 1 23 85 33 65 21 33 السنغال 6102 33 2 3 6 13 55 1 1 3 13 65 31 0 73 13 5 2 3 5 صربيا 6102 028 8 65 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - صربيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 65 08 - - 08 08 - - - - - - - - - - سيشيل 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سيراليون 6102 6 3 7 1 71 38 صفر 5 35 72 37 صفر 07 3 51 58 صفر 13 سيراليون 6102 - - - - - 61 8 صفر 05 13 51 58 صفر 8 13 1 5 صفر 8 6 جزر سليمان 6102 5 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - جزر سليمان 6102 85 - - 001 85 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصومال 6102 813 1 31 85 2 15 62 02 56 51 66 3 2 6 25 82 31 الصومال 6102 3 6 2 3 2 11 75 23 8 2 21 5 3 52 51 66 1 76 82 جنوب السودان 6102 132 21 1 - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - - جنوب السودان 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - سري لانكا 6102 8 7 02 81 72 6 15 7 15 1 66 6 1 67 5 5 3 سري لانكا 6102 83 06 1 36 25 81 67 6 3 83 32 7 7 0 27 52 3 78 8 طاجيكستان 2102 5 7 72 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - طاجيكستان 2102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 62 1 03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تيمور - ليشتي 6102 0 06 صفر 001 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - توغو 6102 606 7 1 03 86 2 37 23 3 05 7 57 8 - - - - - توغو 6102 - - - - - 82 07 2 27 2 03 86 2 7 23 - - - - - تونغا 6102 701 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - تونغا 6102 31 88 صفر 001 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 823 1 5 - - - 78 - - - - - - - - - - - ترينيداد وتوباغو 0102 - - - 6 - - - - 1 - - - - 88 - - - - - - تونس 6102 30 11 86 - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 81 - - - - - توفالو 6102 11 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - توفالو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوغندا 6102 88 1 32 3 - - 07 3 - - 56 2 - - 57 53 أوغندا 6102 27 - - 2 27 2 - - 86 33 1 - - 58 1 2 - - 06 25 6102 275 55 23 72 56 7 25 3 3 7 06 5 1 7 8 6 82 المتحدة جمهورية تنزانيا 6102 7 06 85 62 66 7 25 3 02 7 7 05 13 7 3 01 85 16 جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة فانواتو 6102 072 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - فانواتو 6102 صفر - - 001 صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 65 53 - - - - 07 - - - - - - - - - - فييت نام 6102 - - - - 2 - - - - 36 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 1 7 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وقطاع غزة الضفة الغربية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة اليمن 6102 85 72 53 31 73 05 63 02 - - 05 - - - - 05 - - اليمن 6102 7 23 1 - - 06 - - 1 53 15 63 02 - - - - - زامبيا 6102 1 5 61 2 0 - - 8 27 16 - - 0 67 0 - - 8 36 زامبيا 6102 75 - - 27 78 63 - - 68 76 6 - - 78 68 36 - - 5 68 زمبابوي 6102 051 61 23 55 5 صفر 07 55 0 صفر 5 0 6 5 صفر 6 6 زمبابوي 6102 6 3 2 6 17 35 7 صفر 17 35 15 صفر 86 15 37 72 صفر 7 37 211 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أذربيجان 6102 527 55 - - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 37 8 1 7 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - - - 8 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ملديف 6102 82 3 81 83 26 1 05 52 52 57 05 71 83 26 81 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 08 51 5 08 58 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 تونس 6102 30 11 86 3 8 15 3 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - 3 8 15 3 3 8 15 3 - - - - - الملحق 5.3 | التقديرات الوطنية - = ل يوجد تقدير. ل ي = ل ينطبق. وللاطلاع على تقديرات غ�ي مقربة، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 311 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن) بي در ن م في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم أذربيجان 6102 527 55 - - - - 001 - - - - - - - - - - أذربيجان 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 005 30 1 75 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - الصين 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - الهند 6102 171 23 1 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الهند 6102 37 8 1 7 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 16 05 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - ليبريا 6102 - - - - 8 - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 80 2 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ليتوانيا 6102 - - - 001 - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - ملديف 6102 82 3 81 83 26 1 05 52 52 57 05 71 83 26 81 ملديف 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 26 66 08 51 5 08 58 - - - - - - - - - - الجبل الأسود 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 33 7 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 - - - - - سان مارينو 6102 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 001 صفر صفر 001 001 تونس 6102 30 11 86 3 8 15 3 - - - - - - - - - - تونس 6102 - - - - - 3 8 15 3 3 8 15 3 - - - - - 411 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 01 0 - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 2 3 5 5 - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 78 3 01 0 58 - - 6 - - - 11 8 - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - 78 3 01 0 58 0 صفر 01 0 88 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - 28 21 6 8 - - 6 0 - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - 5 5 2 - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 07 2 6 88 - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - 17 2 5 5 88 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 15 32 62 7 06 57 8 61 8 68 32 2 17 5 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 67 61 8 2 68 55 1 52 57 6 7 2 82 17 06 76 81 1 68 7 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 55 22 22 87 6 - - 7 3 8 3 23 52 57 06 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 7 1 7 3 8 5 52 12 7 36 15 62 32 77 06 87 31 1 7 6102 07 1 03 5 63 81 28 66 17 22 7 3 58 2 53 32 77 26 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 7 51 6 0 15 03 81 28 6 53 6 1 18 36 6 03 6 77 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 56 32 11 8 17 - - 8 2 2 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - 6 28 66 22 21 88 07 - - 51 58 5 - - 21 88 16 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 7 1 21 88 7 - - 5 5 - - - 51 58 - العالم 6102 - - 6 - 58 11 8 87 - - 21 88 7 - - - - - - = ل يوجد تقدير. للاطلاع على تقديرات تقريبية، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. الملحق 1.4 | التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية 511 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا المياه البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المياه المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم ي ا وف ة اح مت ة و سن مح ( نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( في ه ميا ن ال سَّ ُمح در ص م ق راف لم ا ن سَّ مح ه ميا در ص م ه ميا ة دم خ جد تو لا ق) رف د م وج لا ي أو ة سن مح ير (غ دة دو مح ه ميا ت ما خد ير و غ و/أ ة اح مت ير ، غ نة س مح ( ق رف لم في ا ة اح مت ية س سا ه أ ميا ت ما خد ق رف لم في ا ة و اح مت ة و سن مح ( ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف لآلا )با ن كا س (ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 01 0 - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 2 3 5 5 - - - 7 3 - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 78 3 01 0 58 - - 6 - - - 11 8 - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - 78 3 01 0 58 0 صفر 01 0 88 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - 28 21 6 8 - - 6 0 - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - 5 5 2 - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - صفر 001 - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 07 2 6 88 - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - 17 2 5 5 88 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 15 32 62 7 06 57 8 61 8 68 32 2 17 5 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 67 61 8 2 68 55 1 52 57 6 7 2 82 17 06 76 81 1 68 7 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 55 22 22 87 6 - - 7 3 8 3 23 52 57 06 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 7 1 7 3 8 5 52 12 7 36 15 62 32 77 06 87 31 1 7 6102 07 1 03 5 63 81 28 66 17 22 7 3 58 2 53 32 77 26 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 7 51 6 0 15 03 81 28 6 53 6 1 18 36 6 03 6 77 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 56 32 11 8 17 - - 8 2 2 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - 6 28 66 22 21 88 07 - - 51 58 5 - - 21 88 16 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 7 1 21 88 7 - - 5 5 - - - 51 58 - العالم 6102 - - 6 - 58 11 8 87 - - 21 88 7 - - - - - 611 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 0 06 - - - - - - - - 13 6 - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 - - 51 58 58 - - 53 56 - - - 12 7 - - - 55 5 - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - 5 5 38 - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 38 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - 12 67 3 7 8 - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - 23 86 - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 33 76 - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 32 8 2 17 36 - - 72 37 6 06 63 6 65 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - 71 38 7 16 53 56 75 - - 73 36 65 - - 52 57 07 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - 12 87 86 - - 01 0 28 - - 2 67 66 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 75 3 8 2 8 - - 22 87 27 - - 2 67 17 - - 31 78 8 6102 07 1 03 2 1 68 87 - - 6 18 87 1 18 07 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - 5 5 88 18 51 58 7 2 3 51 58 67 26 23 7 3 2 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - 2 67 07 - - 01 0 0 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - 6 0 - - 62 7 56 - - 71 38 36 - - 81 28 67 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - 12 7 87 - - - - - - - 32 77 - العالم 6102 - - 1 88 - - 02 08 08 - - 61 8 18 - - 63 6 - الملحق 2.4 | التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية - = ل يوجد تقدير. للاطلاع على تقديرات تقريبية، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 711 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا الإصحاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية الإصحاح المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ام خد ست للا ل قاب ن و َسّ مح ن سَّ مح اح صح ة إ دم خ جد تو لا ن) سَّ مح ير ق غ رف لم و ا ق أ رف د م وج لا ي ( دة دو مح ح ال حا ص الإ ت ما خد ة) سي سا الأ ير عاي لم ع ا مي ج بي يل ، لا ن ّس مح ( ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد س) جن ب ال س ح صل نف ، م ن لي ام لع ص ل ص مخ م، خدا ست للا ل قاب ن، ّس مح وي ص ذ خا ش للأ يأ مه ، و ث طم ة ال تر ل ف خلا ة اف ظ الن ل سائ بو ود مز و ة) رك لح ى ا عل دة دو مح ة ال در لق ا ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا ( با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 0 06 - - - - - - - - 13 6 - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 - - 51 58 58 - - 53 56 - - - 12 7 - - - 55 5 - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - 5 5 38 - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - 5 5 38 - - 3 7 38 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - 12 67 3 7 8 - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - 23 86 - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 33 76 - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 32 8 2 17 36 - - 72 37 6 06 63 6 65 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - 71 38 7 16 53 56 75 - - 73 36 65 - - 52 57 07 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - 12 87 86 - - 01 0 28 - - 2 67 66 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 75 3 8 2 8 - - 22 87 27 - - 2 67 17 - - 31 78 8 6102 07 1 03 2 1 68 87 - - 6 18 87 1 18 07 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - 5 5 88 18 51 58 7 2 3 51 58 67 26 23 7 3 2 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - 2 67 07 - - 01 0 0 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - 6 0 - - 62 7 56 - - 71 38 36 - - 81 28 67 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - 12 7 87 - - - - - - - 32 77 - العالم 6102 - - 1 88 - - 02 08 08 - - 61 8 18 - - 63 6 - 811 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 67 صفر 2 5 87 - - 05 - - - - 3 - - - - 26 - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 63 6 صفر 5 76 - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - 63 6 صفر 76 63 6 صفر 5 76 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - صفر - - - - صفر - - - - صفر - - - - صفر - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 - - 6 6 - - - 1 7 - - - 1 5 - الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - 1 8 - - - 1 6 - - - 1 56 - - - 2 7 - أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - - 66 - - - - 58 - - - - 75 - أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 - - - 38 - - - - 16 - - - - 26 - - - - 38 - 6102 07 1 03 - - 2 86 - - - 1 87 - - - 3 75 - غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - 1 58 - - - 2 36 - - - 2 06 - - - - 18 - البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - - 08 - - - - 7 - - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - - 87 - - - - 08 - - - - 56 - - - - 57 - الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - 61 75 - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 - - - 0 - - - 81 5 - - - 1 5 - - - - - - الملحق 3.4 | التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية - = ل يوجد تقدير. للاطلاع على تقديرات تقريبية، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 911 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا النظافة العامة البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية النظافة العامة المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ب قر بال ن دي الي ل س ق غ اف مر ض حي مرا ن ال م ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ د ن وا م ية عا الر مة عا فة ظا ة ن دم خ جد تو لا في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا وال ة عاي الر ط قا ن دة دو مح ة اف ظ ت ن ما خد في دة جو مو ير د غ الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا و ال ة أ عاي الر ط قا ن ية س سا ة أ ام ة ع اف ظ ت ن ما خد ية عا الر ط قا ي ن د ف الي ة اف ظ ق ن اف مر ( ض) حي مرا ي ال ن ف بو صا وال ه ميا وال ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 67 صفر 2 5 87 - - 05 - - - - 3 - - - - 26 - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 63 6 صفر 5 76 - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - 63 6 صفر 76 63 6 صفر 5 76 - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - صفر - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - صفر - - - - صفر - - - - صفر - - - - صفر - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 - - 6 6 - - - 1 7 - - - 1 5 - الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - 1 8 - - - 1 6 - - - 1 56 - - - 2 7 - أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - - 66 - - - - 58 - - - - 75 - أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 - - - 38 - - - - 16 - - - - 26 - - - - 38 - 6102 07 1 03 - - 2 86 - - - 1 87 - - - 3 75 - غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - 1 58 - - - 2 36 - - - 2 06 - - - - 18 - البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - - 08 - - - - 7 - - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - - 87 - - - - 08 - - - - 56 - - - - 57 - الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - 61 75 - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 - - - 0 - - - 81 5 - - - 1 5 - - - - - - 021 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو ت الإقليم ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 76 2 8 27 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 38 - - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - 11 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - 11 - - - - 31 - - - - 11 - - - - صفر - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 01 - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 0 11 56 7 7 5 8 27 55 53 15 1 07 2 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 06 3 6 67 6 83 05 21 86 6 0 15 01 17 8 3 6 51 55 35 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 72 15 22 3 3 6 51 5 06 2 5 22 15 0 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 2 3 2 5 26 62 25 12 8 2 52 35 12 2 0 2 71 65 16 6102 07 1 03 - - 86 65 76 - - 08 57 - - 18 25 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 17 - - 87 08 6 - - 6 5 7 - - 27 85 5 - - 6 56 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 8 6 32 5 2 85 23 81 8 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 71 06 32 83 05 6 17 32 5 12 6 37 02 71 03 5 6 52 51 73 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - - 06 - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 56 - - 57 08 - - - 06 - - - - 5 - - - - - - الملحق 4.4 | التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية - = ل يوجد تقدير. للاطلاع على تقديرات تقريبية، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. 121 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا إدارة النفايات البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية إدارة النفايات المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و دة دو مح ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد لج عا و ت ت أ ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ية س سا ت أ ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ص خل يت ج و عال وت ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو ت الإقليم ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ت ايا نف ة ال لج عا م ت ايا نف ل ال ص ف ت ايا نف رة إدا ة دم خ جد تو لا لج عا لا ُت ت و ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ( ة) من ة آ يق طر ها ب من ص خل يت و ت ايا نف رة دا ت ما خد أو ت ايا نف ل ال ص تف لا ة ( ود حد م قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال ت ة) من آ ت ايا نف رة إدا ت ما خد ت ايا نف ل ال ص ُتف ة ( سي سا أ قة طري ها ب من ص خل يت ج و عال وت ة) من آ ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 76 2 8 27 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 38 - - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - 11 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - 11 - - - - 31 - - - - 11 - - - - صفر - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 01 - - 7 01 - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 0 11 56 7 7 5 8 27 55 53 15 1 07 2 الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 06 3 6 67 6 83 05 21 86 6 0 15 01 17 8 3 6 51 55 35 أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 72 15 22 3 3 6 51 5 06 2 5 22 15 0 أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 2 3 2 5 26 62 25 12 8 2 52 35 12 2 0 2 71 65 16 6102 07 1 03 - - 86 65 76 - - 08 57 - - 18 25 غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 17 - - 87 08 6 - - 6 5 7 - - 27 85 5 - - 6 56 البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 8 6 32 5 2 85 23 81 8 - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 71 06 32 83 05 6 17 32 5 12 6 37 02 71 03 5 6 52 51 73 الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - - 06 - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 56 - - 57 08 - - - 06 - - - - 5 - - - - - - 221 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو ف الإقليم ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 37 8 1 7 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 07 1 03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الملحق 5.4 | التقديرات الإقليمية والأخرى العالمية - = ل يوجد تقدير. للاطلاع على تقديرات تقريبية، انظر gro.atadhsaw.www. البلد المناطق الحضرية المناطق الريفية المستشفيات المرافق الأخرى بخلاف المستشفيا حكومية غير حكومية ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو ف الإقليم ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ف ظي تن ى ال عل ب دري الت ف ظي تن لل ت ولا وك وت بر ية س سا الأ ئة بي ف ال ظي تن مة خد جد تو لا ن في ظ مو جد يو لا ت و ولا وك وت بر جد تو لا ( ن) بي در م دة دو مح ي ال يئ الب ف ظي تن ة ال دم خ ن في ظ مو ض ال بع أو ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ن) بي در لم ا سي سا الأ ئي بي ف ال ظي تن ال ن) بي در لم ن ا في ظ مو وال ف ظي تن ت ال ولا وك وت (بر ة ٪ ضري ح ق ط منا ف) لآلا (با ن كا س ال نة س ال البلد أو المنطقة أو الإقليم مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة 6102 787 82 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ونيوزيلندا أستراليا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أستراليا ونيوزيلندا 6102 50 61 1 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وجنوبها وسط آسيا 6102 37 8 1 7 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وسط آسيا وجنوبها 6102 86 382 2 75 - - - 6 - - - - - - - - - - - شرق آسيا شرق وجنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - 6 - - - - - - شرق وجنوب شرق آسيا 6102 1 0 001 1 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الشمالية أوروبا وأمريكا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 0 36 08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أمريكا اللاتينية ومنطقة البحر الكاريبي 6102 23 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - وغرب آسيا شمال أفريقيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - شمال أفريقيا وغرب آسيا أوقيانوسيا 6102 133 11 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أوقيانوسيا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 5 6 5 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصحراء الكبرى أفريقيا جنوب 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الكبرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى مجموعات اقليمية اخرى أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 883 7 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - أقل البلدان نموًا 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6102 07 1 03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - غير الساحلية البلدان النامية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - البلدان النامية غير الساحلية 6102 123 86 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الصغيرة النامية الدول الجزرية 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - الدول الجزرية الصغيرة النامية العالم 6102 6 66 7 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - العالم 6102 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 421 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح للحصول على معلومات حول الخطوات العملية ال�ت ي يمكن أن تتخذها البلدان لتحس�ي ف مرافق المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية، يرجى الرجوع إل الوثيقة المصاحبة ال�ت ي أعدتها منظمة الصحة العالمية واليونيسيف. -ni-hsaw /snoitacilbup/htlaeh_noitatinas_retaw/tni.ohw.www ne/seitilicaf-erac-htlaeh المياہ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة في مرافق الرعاية الصحية تقرير البيانات الأساسية العالمي لعام 9102 521 02 91 م عا ي ل لم عا ة ال سي سا الأ ت انا بي ر ال قري ت ق لاح لم ا :STROPER CIDOIREP 9102 SNOITACILBUP DENNALP RETAW-NU مم المتحدة والمنظمات الدولية العاملة �ف ي قضايا المياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. تتول آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه تنسيق جهود كيانات الأ عضاء �ف ي جهودها الرامية إل تنفيذ التفاقات الدولية المتعلقة بالمياه وتسعى، من خلال ذلك، إل زيادة فعالية الدعم المقدم إل الدول الأ لية على الخ�ب ة والدراية الفنية ال�ت ي يتمتع بها أعضاء الآلية و�ش كائها. والإصحاح والنظافة العامة. وتعتمد منشورات الآ التقرير التوليفي المتعلق بالمياه والإ صحاح والنظافة العامة لعام 8102 الصادر �ن ي إطار الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة ي حزيران/ يونيو 8102 قبل المنتدى السياسي الرفيع المستوى ن�ُش التقرير التوليفي المتعلق بالمياه والإصحاح والنظافة العامة لعام 8102 �ف مش�ت كا ًمن أ�ة الأمم المتحدة، فإنه يعرض إرشادات لفهم التقدم العالمي بشأن الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة وترابطه بالأهداف المع�ف ي بالتنمية المستدامة حيث استعرضت الدول الأعضاء الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة باستفاضة. وإذ يمثل هذا التقرير موقفا ً والغايات الأخرى. ويعرض أيضا ًنظرة ثاقبة على كيفية تخطيط البلدان وعملها ضمان عدم ترك أي أحد خلف الركب عند تنفيذ خطة التنمية المستدامة لعام 0302. تقارير مؤ�ش ات الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة توضح هذه السلسلة من التقارير التقدم المحرز نحو تحقيق الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة باستخدام المؤ�ش ات العالمية للاأهداف. مم المتحدة ال�ت ي تتعهد كل مؤ�ش بالعناية. وتوضح التقارير أن ثمة تقدما ً قد أحرز بشأن مياه ال�ش ب والإصحاح والنظافة الصحية (برنامج الرصد المش�ت ك ب�ي ف منظمة الصحة العالمية واليونيسيف لتوف�ي إمدادات المياه وتستند التقارير إل البيانات القطرية، ال�ت ي جمعتها ودققتها وكالت الأ والإصحاح والنظافة العامة للغايت�ي ف 6-1 و6-2)، ومعالجة مياه الصرف الصحي ونوعية المياه المحيطة (برنامج الأمم المتحدة للبيئة، وموئل الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة الصحة العالمية للغاية 6-3)، وكفاءة استخدام المياه وحجم الضغط الذي تتعرض له المياه (منظمة الأغذية والزراعة للغاية 6-4)، الإ دارة المتكاملة للموارد المائية والتعاون العابر للحدود (برنامج الأمم المتحدة للبيئة، ولجنة الأمم المتحدة القتصادية لأوروبا واليونسكو للغاية 6-5)، والنظم الإ يكولوجية (برنامج الأمم المتحدة للغاية 6-6) ووسائل تنفيذ الهدف 6 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة (التقييم السنوي العالمي لخدمات الإصحاح ومياه ال�ش ب الذي وضعته آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه للغايت�ي ف 6-أ و6-ب). تقرير تنمية المياه �ن ي العالم يمثل هذا التقرير السنوي، الذي ن�ش ته اليونسكو نيابًة عن آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه، الستجابة المتسقة والمتكاملة من منظومة الأمم المتحدة للقضايا المتعلقة بالمياه العذبة والتحديات الناشئة. ويُنسق موضوع التقرير مع موضوع يوم المياه العالمي (22 آذار/ مارس) ويتغ�ي سنويا.ً الموجزات السياساتية والتحليلية مم المتحدة للمياه إرشادات موجزة ومفيدة �ف ي مجال السياسات بشأن أك�ش القضايا الملحة تقدم الموجزات السياساتية الصادرة عن آلية الأ الناشئة وتشّكل أساسا ًلإجراء مزيد من البحث والمناقشة وتوجيه السياسات �ف ي المستقبل.المتعلقة بالمياه العذبة وتعتمد على الخ�ب ات المجمعة ال�ت ي تتمتع بها منظومة الأمم المتحدة. وتقدم الملخصات التحليلية تحليلا ًللقضايا تحديث الموجز السياسا�ت ي الصادر عن آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه بشأن المياه وتغ�ي المناخ الموجز السياسا�ت ي الصادر عن آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه بشأن اتفاقيات المياه الموجز التحليلىي الصادر عن آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه بشأن كفاءة المياه مزيد من المعلومات حول تقارير آلية الأمم المتحدة للمياه على الرابط الإ لك�ت و�ن ي snoitacilbup/gro.retawnu.www ta stropeR retaW-NU 621 صحية ق الرعاية ال في مراف ظافة العامة صحاح والن ه والإ الميا ق الملاح �ف ي عام 6102: ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية.كان لدى 83 بلداً وثلاث من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة الثما�ف ي ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بخدمات المياه الأ ساسية متوافرة �ف ي 47٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما على الصعيد العالمي، كانت خدمات المياه الأ يع�ف ي أن المياه كانت متوافرة من مصدر محّسن موجود �ف ي المرفق. ي 21٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يع�ف ي أن المياه على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن هناك خدمة مياه �ف كانت تستمد من مصدر محّسن يقع على بُعد أك�ش من 005 م�ت من المرفق أو من مصدر غ�ي محّسن، أو أنه لم يكن هناك مصدر للمياه على الإطلاق. لم تكن خدمة المياه متاحة �ف ي 4٪ من المستشفيات و11٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. على الصعيد العالمي، كان 698 مليون شخص محروم�ي ف من خدمة المياه �ف ي مرفق رعايتهم الصحية. �ف ي عام 6102: كان لدى 81 بلداً ومنطقة واحدة فقط من مناطق أهداف التنمية المستدامة ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية الصحية. التغطية بخدمات الإصحاح الأ ساسية متوافرة �ف ي 32٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية. �ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء، كانت الخدمات الأ ي 12٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية، بما يع�ف ي أن على الصعيد العالمي، لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة �ف المراحيض لم تكن محّسنة بها أو لم يكن بها مراحيض على الإطلاق. لم تكن خدمة الإصحاح متوافرة �ف ي 9٪ من المستشفيات و02٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. الصحية.على الصعيد العالمي، أك�ش من 5.1 مليار شخص محروم�ي ف من خدمة الإصحاح �ف ي مرفق رعايتهم �ف ي عام 6102: ساسية �ف ي مرافق كان لدى 41 بلداً ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بخدمات النظافة العامة الأ المراحيض.الرعاية الصحية، بما يع�ف ي أن مرافق نظافة اليدين العاملة كانت متوافرة على السواء �ف ي نقاط الرعاية و�ف ي المراحيض.يع�ف ي أن مرافق نظافة اليدين لم تكن متاحة �ف ي نقاط الرعاية، وكذلك الحال بالنسبة للماء والصابون �ف ي لم تكن خدمة النظافة العامة متوافرة �ف ي مرفق واحد من كل ستة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية (61٪)، بما من البيانات كان متاحا ًبشأن مرافق غسل اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية.كان لدى عدد قليل نسبيا ًمن البلدان بيانات عن توافر مرافق غسل اليدين �ف ي المراحيض، بيد أن مزيداً الصحية.على الصعيد العالمي، كانت مرافق نظافة اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية متاحة �ف ي 75٪ من مرافق الرعاية مقارنًة بالنسبة المئوية الخاصة بسائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية وهي 46٪.�ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى، كان لدى 48٪ من المستشفيات مرافق لنظافة اليدين �ف ي نقاط الرعاية، �ف ي عام 6102: ساسية �ف ي مرافق الرعاية كان لدى 84 بلداً ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بإدارة النفايات الأ الصحية. ساسية الخاصة بالرعاية الصحية متوافرة �ف ي 72٪ من مرافق الرعاية كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأ الصحية �ف ي أقل البلدان نموا.ً ساسية الخاصة بالرعاية الصحية متوافرة �ف ي 04٪ من مرافق الرعاية كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأ الصحية �ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء. 06٪ من مرافق الرعاية الصحية لديها أنظمة لفصل النفايات. ساسية متوافرة �ف ي 06٪ من الحكومية (55٪).من كل ع�ش ة من مرافق الرعاية الصحية الحكومية (17٪) و�ف ي نصف مرافق الرعاية الصحية غ�ي المستشفيات و83٪ من سائر مرافق الرعاية الصحية. وكان فصل النفايات يجري بأمان �ف ي سبعة �ف ي أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء الك�ب ى، كانت خدمات إدارة النفايات الأ �ف ي عام 6102: ساسية �ف ي كان لدى أربعة بلدان فقط ما يكفي من البيانات لتقدير التغطية بخدمات تنظيف البيئة الأ مرافق الرعاية الصحية. تنظيف البيئة الأساسية.لم يكن هناك عدد كاف من البلدان ال�ت ي لديها تقديرات أساسية لحساب التغطية الإ قليمية لخدمات المياه ال إصحاح النظافة العامة إدارة النفايات تنظيف البيئة الموقع الإ لك�ت و�ف ي ل�ب نامج الرصد المش�ت ك لإ مدادات المياه وخدمات الإصحاح والنظافة العامة: gro.atadhsaw 905 51 5 642987 9 NBSI

WASH В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Доклад об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г. WASH В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Доклад об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г. [WASH in health care facilities: global baseline report 2019] ISBN 978-92-4-451550-1 © Всемирная организация здравоохранения и Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ), 2019 г. Этот доклад отражает деятельность Всемирной организации здравоохранения и Детского фонда Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ) Некоторые права защищены. Настоящая публикация распространяется на условиях лицензии Creative Commons 3.0 IGO «С указанием авторства – Некоммерческая – Распространение на тех же условиях» (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Лицензией допускается копирование, распространение и адаптация публикации в некоммерческих целях с указанием библиографической ссылки согласно нижеприведенному образцу. Никакое использование публикации не означает одобрения ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ какой- либо организации, товара или услуги. Использование названий и логотипов ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ без их разрешения не допускается. Распространение адаптированных вариантов публикации допускается на условиях указанной или эквивалентной лицензии Creative Commons. При переводе публикации на другие языки приводятся библиографическая ссылка согласно нижеприведенному образцу и следующая оговорка: «Настоящий перевод не был выполнен Всемирной организацией здравоохранения (ВОЗ) или Детским фондом Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ). ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ не несут ответственности за его содержание и точность. Аутентичным подлинным текстом является оригинальное издание на английском языке». Урегулирование споров, связанных с условиями лицензии, производится в соответствии с согласительным регламентом Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (www.wipo.int/amc/ru/mediation/rules). Образец библиографической ссылки: WASH В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Доклад об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г. [WASH in health care facilities: global baseline report 2019]. Женева: Всемирная организация здравоохранения и Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ); 2019. Лицензия: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Данные каталогизации перед публикацией (CIP). Данные CIP доступны по ссылке: http://apps.who.int/iris. Приобретение, вопросы авторских прав и лицензирование. По вопросам приобретения публикаций ВОЗ см. http://apps.who.int/ bookorders. По вопросам оформления заявок на коммерческое использование и направления запросов, касающихся права пользования и лицензирования, см. www.who.int/about/licensing. Материалы третьих сторон. Пользователь, желающий использовать в своих целях содержащиеся в настоящей публикации материалы, принадлежащие третьим сторонам, например таблицы, рисунки или изображения, должен установить, требуется ли для этого разрешение обладателя авторского права, и при необходимости получить такое разрешение. Ответственность за нарушение прав на содержащиеся в публикации материалы третьих сторон несет пользователь. Фотографии ЮНИСЕФ и ВОЗ. Фотографии ЮНИСЕФ и ВОЗ защищены авторским правом и без предварительного письменного согласия не подлежат воспроизведению никакими средствами. Возможно получение разрешения на одноразовое использование в контексте, точно отражающем реальную ситуацию и личность всех отображенных людей. Фотографии ЮНИСЕФ и ВОЗ не подлежат использованию ни в каком коммерческом контексте; цифровое редактирование фотографий не может вести к изменению их значения или контекста; и они не могут архивироваться структурами, не относящимися к ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ. Запросы на получение разрешений на воспроизведение фотографий ЮНИСЕФ направляются в Департамент по вопросам коммуникации ЮНИСЕФ: UNICEF, Division of Communication, 3 United Nations Plaza, New York 10017, USA (адрес электронной почты nyhqdoc.permit@unicef.org). Запросы на получение разрешений на воспроизведение фотографий ВОЗ направляются по адресу www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en. Pv: Tom Greenwood/WaterAid; P1: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P7: Shutterstock/Dmitry Kalinovsky; P11: WHO/S. Volkov; P12: Kate Holt/MCSP; P14: GettyImages/SimplyCreativePhotography; P17: Dominique Maison; P18: Valentina Grossi/WHO; P19: Nikki Behnke; P21: Karen Kasmauski/ MCSP; P23: Arabella Hayter/WHO; P24: Rick Johnston/WHO; P26: GettyImages/Akhararat Wathanasing; P28: GettyImages/Dusan Petkovic; P31: GettyImages/Andrey N.Cherkasov; P39: GettyImages/Nattrass; P40: Mubeen Siddiqui/MCSP; P44: Rick Johnston/WHO; P47: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P48: GettyImages/Ruurd Dankloff; P54: Arabella Hayter/WHO; P55: GettyImages/Eplisterra; P58: GettyImages/Jeangill; P60: GettyImages/Dmitry Kalinovsky; P62: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P65: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P66: UNICEF/Vishwanathan; P69: WHO/SEARO/Monir Islam; P73: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P78–79: Karen Kasmauski/MCSP; P88–93, 114–115: GettyImages/Kirillm; P94–99, 116–117: GettyImages/Goodze; P100–105, 118–119: GettyImages/Ms Yapr; P106–111, 120–121: GettyImages/Julie Workman; P112–113, 122–123: GettyImages/Dmitry Kalinovsky. Оговорки общего характера. Используемые в настоящей публикации обозначения и приводимые в ней материалы не означают выражения мнения ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ относительно правового статуса любой страны, территории, города или района или их органов власти или относительно делимитации границ. Штрихпунктирные линии на картах обозначают приблизительные границы, которые могут быть не полностью согласованы. Упоминание определенных компаний или продукции определенных производителей не означает, что они одобрены или рекомендованы ВОЗ или ЮНИСЕФ в отличие от аналогичных компаний или продукции, не названных в тексте. Названия патентованных изделий, исключая ошибки и пропуски в тексте, выделяются начальными прописными буквами. Числовые значения, включенные в настоящий доклад, представляют собой оценочные данные, полученные в рамках Совместной программы ВОЗ/ЮНИСЕФ по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (www.washdata.org) с целью обеспечения их сопоставимости, и, в силу этого, необязательно являются данными официальной статистики соответствующей страны, района или территории, в которой могут использоваться альтернативные методы. ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ приняты все разумные меры для проверки точности информации, содержащейся в настоящей публикации. Однако данные материалы публикуются без каких-либо прямых или косвенных гарантий. Ответственность за интерпретацию и использование материалов несет пользователь. ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ ни в коем случае не несут ответственности за ущерб, связанный с использованием данных материалов. Перевод на русский язык выполнен Европейский центр ВОЗ по окружающей среде и охране здоровья (ЕЦОСЗ). В случае любого несоответствия между английской и русской версией, оригинальная версия на английском языке должна приниматься в качестве обязательной и подлинной. Edited by Richard Steele [English version]. Design, layout and production by Cecilia Silva Venturini. Printed in Switzerland WASH В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Доклад об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г. iv П РЕ Д И С Л О ВИ Е W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ В лечебно-профилактическое учреждение идут не за тем, чтобы заболеть. Люди приходят туда, чтобы им помогли выздороветь, родить ребенка или чтобы сделать прививку. Тем не менее, сотни миллионов людей подвергаются повышенному риску инфекции, когда обращаются за помощью в медицинские учреждения, в которых отсутствуют элементарные услуги первой необходимости – водоснабжение, санитария, средства гигиены, надлежащее обращение с медицинскими отходами и поддержание чистоты (WASH). Ведь отсутствие услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях не только ставит под угрозу безопасность и человеческое достоинство пациентов: это в принципе может усугубить проблему распространения инфекций, устойчивых к действию противомикробных препаратов, и подорвать усилия по укреплению здоровья матери и ребенка. Новые данные, полученные Совместной программой ВОЗ/ ЮНИСЕФ по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (СПМ), показывают, что услуги WASH в медицинских учреждениях в каждом регионе не соответствуют принятым стандартам. По имеющимся оценкам, услугами медицинских учреждений, в которых отсутствует водоснабжение, пользуются 896 миллионов человек, а 1,5 миллиарда человек посещают учреждения, не обеспеченные санитарно-техническими средствами. Вполне вероятно, что людей, которых обслуживают медицинские учреждения, где отсутствуют средства соблюдения гигиены рук и не налажено безопасное обращение с отходами, еще больше. На услуги WASH скорее можно рассчитывать в больницах, чем в других типах лечебно-профилактических учреждений, и в городах они обеспечиваются чаще, чем в сельской местности. В Целях в области устойчивого развития (ЦУР) с новой силой подчеркивается необходимость достижения всеобщего охвата услугами здравоохранения, что включает обеспечение доступа к услугам WASH. ЦУР также отражают определенное изменение в мышлении, при котором признается важность качественной медицинской помощи и комплексного подхода к ее предоставлению, ориентированного на интересы и нужды людей и улучшающего весь процесс получения помощи. Услуги WASH являются одной из предпосылок качественной медицинской помощи, но особенно важны они для безопасного ведения родов. Они имеют основополагающее значение для достижения целей кампании ЮНИСЕФ «Каждому ребенку – ЖИЗНЬ» и целей «три дополнительных миллиарда», поставленных в Тринадцатой общей программе работы ВОЗ. Благодаря тому, что сегодня уделяется повышенное внимание безопасной и качественной первичной медико- санитарной помощи, о важности которой было вновь заявлено в Астанинской декларации, возможности обеспечения базовых условий для этого, включая услуги WASH, сегодня благоприятнее, чем когда-либо ранее. В марте 2018 г. Генеральный секретарь Организации Объединенных Наций обратился с глобальным призывом об усилении руководства и подотчетности в деле обеспечения услуг WASH во всех медицинских учреждениях, подчеркнув при этом высокую цену бездействия. После этого нашими двумя организациями были поставлены образующие единый комплекс глобальные задачи по достижению всеобщего охвата услугами WASH в медицинских учреждениях и впервые были опубликованы глобальные оценки положения дел в этой области, полученные благодаря СПМ. Эти данные закладывают солидную основу для определения приоритетов, вложения средств и отслеживания прогресса в области WASH. Также ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ, опираясь на поддержку более тридцати пяти партнеров, совместно возглавляют работу по реализации глобальной дорожной карты, составленной на основе инициатив, выдвинутых и осуществляемых странами. Для улучшения услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях было предложено восемь практических шагов, которые описываются и иллюстрируются в примерах из практики. Эти шаги включают такие меры, как разработка национальных дорожных карт и установление целевых показателей, улучшение инфраструктуры и технического обслуживания и привлечение местных сообществ. Обеспечение всеобщего доступа к услугам WASH в медицинских учреждениях – проблема решаемая, причем ее решение приносит прибыль на инвестированный капитал. Мы исполнены решимости поддерживать эти усилия путем сотрудничества с правительствами стран и партнерами в деле предоставления качественных услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях, улучшения мониторинга и расширения базы знаний. Мы призываем всех партнеров оказывать поддержку в решении этой жизненно важной задачи. Д-р Тедрос Адханом Гебрейесус Генеральный директор Всемирной организации здравоохранения Генриетта Фор Исполнительный директор Детского фонда Организации Объединенных Наций vП РЕД И С Л О ВИ Е Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. vi W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ С О Д ЕР Ж А Н И Е СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ 2 ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ 3 САНИТАРИЯ 4 ГИГИЕНА 5 ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ 6 ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ 7 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ РАСШИРЕННОГО МОНИТОРИНГА 8 ВВЕДЕНИЕ 10 Вопросы WASH и охраны здоровья в Повестке дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года 10 Мониторинг WASH в медицинских учреждениях 11 УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 14 БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ 16 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 22 УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 26 БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ САНИТАРИИ 28 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА САНИТАРИИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 34 ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 38 БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ 40 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ГИГИЕНЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 44 УСЛУГИ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 48 Базовые услуги по обращению с отходами 50 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ОБРАЩЕНИЯ С ОТХОДАМИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 57 УСЛУГИ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 60 БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ 61 ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ПОДДЕРЖАНИЯ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 62 НЕРАВЕНСТВА 66 Тип учреждения 70 Управляющий орган 72 Географическое положение 74 Всеобщий доступ к WASH дома и в медицинских учреждениях 76 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ 78 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1. Методы, применяемые в СПМ 80 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2. Региональные группы стран 86 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3. Оценки состояния в странах 88 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4. Оценки состояния в регионах и на глобальном уровне 114 1Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. С О Д ЕРЖ А Н И Е 2W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ С 1990 г. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) и Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ) в рамках Совместной программы ВОЗ/ЮНИСЕФ по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (WASH) регулярно публикуют доклады о положении дел в области водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (ВСГ). Совместно они ведут мониторинг выполнения задач 6.1 и 6.2 Целей в области устойчивого развития (ЦУР) на период до 2030 г. и оказывают поддержку глобальной работе по мониторингу выполнения других задач и показателей ЦУР, связанных с WASH. В этом докладе – первом докладе СПМ, посвященном WASH в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях, – представлены новые иерархические лестницы базовых услуг (рис. 1). В докладе приводятся исходные национальные, региональные и глобальные показатели для использования в рамках глобального мониторинга выполнения включенных в ЦУР задач по обеспечению всеобщего доступа к WASH (ЦУР 6.1 и 6.2) и всеобщего охвата услугами здравоохранения (ЦУР 3.8) (таблица 1). ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ САНИТАРИЯ ГИГИЕНА ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ БА ЗО ВЫ Й У РО ВЕ Н Ь В помещении или на прилегающей территории есть вода из улучшенного источника1. Улучшенные санитарно- технические сооружения2 пригодны для использования, причем как минимум один туалет предназначен для персонала, как минимум один туалет разделен на мужской и женский, в котором есть условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, и как минимум один туалет приспособлен для людей с ограниченной подвижностью. В пунктах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов имеются функционирующие точки для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и с мылом и/или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе). Отходы безопасно разделяются как минимум по трем контейнерам и производится безопасная обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов. Имеются элементарные протоколы проведения уборки, и весь персонал, отвечающий за уборку и поддержание чистоты, прошел соответствующую подготовку. О ГР АН И ЧЕ Н Н Ы Й УР О ВЕ Н Ь В пределах 500 м от учреждения имеется улучшенный источник воды, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Имеется как минимум одно улучшенное санитарно- техническое сооружение, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Функционирующие точки для соблюдения гигиены рук имеются либо в пунктах оказания помощи, либо в туалетах, но не там и там. Разделение и/или обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов производится в ограниченной степени, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Имеются протоколы поддержания чистоты и/ или как минимум некоторые сотрудники прошли обучение по проведению уборки. О ТС УТ С ТВ И Е УС ЛУ Г Вода берется из незащищенных копаных колодцев или родников или из поверхностных источников воды или из улучшенного источника воды, который находится на расстоянии более 500 м от учреждения, или в учреждении нет источника воды. Туалетные сооружения являются неулучшенными (уборные с выгребной ямой без напольной плиты или возвышения, подвесные уборные или уборные с отхожим ведром), или в учреждении вообще нет туалетов или уборных Ни в пунктах оказания помощи, ни в туалетах нет функционирующих точек для соблюдения гигиены рук. Нет раздельных контейнеров для острых и инфекционных отходов и не производится обработка и удаление острых и/или инфекционных отходов. Протоколы уборки отсутствуют и никто из персонала не обучен проведению уборки. РИС. 1 Принятые СПМ иерархические лестницы базовых услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях 1 Улучшенные источники водоснабжения – это источники, которые благодаря своей конструкции и устройству способны обеспечить подачу безопасной воды. К таким источникам относятся водопровод, скважины или трубчатые колодцы, защищенные копаные колодцы, защищенные родники, дождевая вода и фасованная или привозная вода. 2 Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения – это сооружения, предназначенные для гигиеничного отделения человеческих экскрементов от контакта с человеком. К ним относятся санитарно-технические сооружения влажного типа, такие как туалеты со смывом и со смывом вручную, подведенные к канализационным коллекторам, септиктенкам или уборным с выгребной ямой, и сооружения сухого типа, такие как сухие уборные с выгребной ямой с напольной плитой и компостирующие туалеты. ЦЕЛИ ЗАДАЧИ 6: Обеспечение наличия и рационального использования водных ресурсов и санитарии для всех 6.1: К 2030 году обеспечить всеобщий и равноправный доступ к безопасной и недорогой питьевой воде для всех 6.2: К 2030 году обеспечить всеобщий и равноправный доступ к надлежащим санитарно-гигиеническим средствам и положить конец открытой дефекации, уделяя особое внимание потребностям женщин и девочек и лиц, находящихся в уязвимом положении 3: Обеспечение здорового образа жизни и содействие благополучию для всех в любом возрасте 3.8: Обеспечить всеобщий охват услугами здравоохранения, в том числе защиту от финансовых рисков, доступ к качественным основным медико-санитарным услугам и доступ к безопасным, эффективным, качественным и недорогим основным лекарственным средствам и вакцинам для всех ТАБЛИЦА 1 Глобальные цели и задачи, касающиеся WASH в медицинских учреждениях 3Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ Основные факты В 2016 г.: 1. 38 стран и три из восьми регионов ЦУР располагали достаточными данными для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами водоснабжения. 2. 74% медицинских учреждений в мире были обеспечены базовыми услугами водоснабжения, т.е. там была вода из улучшенного источника водоснабжения. 3. В наименее развитых странах только 55% медицинских учреждений были обеспечены базовыми услугами водоснабжения. 4. В 14% медицинских учреждений во всем мире был обеспечен ограниченный уровень услуг водоснабжения, т.е. был доступ к улучшенному источнику водоснабжения, который либо находился вне учреждения, либо в нем не было воды на момент проведения обследования. 5. 12% медицинских учреждений в мире не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения, т.е. либо получали воду из улучшенного источника, но расположенного более чем в 500 метрах от учреждения, либо получали воду из источника, который нельзя считать улучшенным, либо вообще не имели источника водоснабжения. 6. На уровне регионов охват базовыми услугами водоснабжения варьировался от 51% в Африке к югу от Сахары до 87% в Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии. 7. Hе были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения 4% больниц и 11% других медицинских учреждений. 8. Не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения 12% государственных и 6% частных медицинских учреждений. 9. Hе были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения 5% медицинских учреждений в городах и 15% медицинских учреждений в сельской местности. 10. 896 миллионов человек не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения в медицинском учреждении, где им предоставлялась помощь. В 2016 г. базовыми услугами водоснабжения были обеспечены 74% медицинских учреждений мира. РИС. 2 Уровень услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях во всем мире, 2016 г. (%) Расчетные данные о базовом уровне услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях в 2016 г. имелись в трех из восьми регионов ЦУР. РИС. 3 Уровень услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях в регионах, 2016 г. (%) В 2016 г. в 16 из 69 стран, в которых имелись данные, более чем в 20% медицинских учреждений отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения РИС. 4 Доля медицинских учреждений, не обеспеченных услугами водоснабжения, 2016 г. (%) БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ В помещении или на территории имеется вода, которая поступает из улучшенного источника. ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ДАННЫХ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Во всем мире 100 80 60 40 20 0 74 12 14 87 70 51 55 46 65 10 6 5 10 23 23 22 36 18 12 26 23 24 3 Н аи ме не е ра зв ит ые с тр ан ы Ра зв ив аю щ ие ся с тр ан ы, н е им ею щ ие в ых од а к мо рю Ав ст ра ли я и Н ов ая З ел ан ди я Во ст оч на я и Ю го -В ос то чн ая А зи я О ке ан ия С ев ер на я Аф ри ка и За па дн ая А зи я Ев ро па и С ев ер на я Ам ер ик а Л ат ин ск ая А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й ба сс ей н Ц ен тр ал ьн ая и Ю жн ая А зи я Аф ри ка к юг у о т С ах ар ы М ал ые о ст ро вн ые ра зв ив аю щ ие ся го су да рс тв а 100 80 60 40 20 0 4W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я САНИТАРИЯ Основные факты В 2016 г.: 1. Достаточный объем данных для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми санитарно- техническими сооружениями имелся только в 18 странах и одном регионе ЦУР. 2. Для расчета глобального охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми санитарно-техническими сооружениями основными расчетными данными располагало недостаточно большое число стран. 3. В странах Африки к югу от Сахары базовый уровень услуг обеспечивался только в 23% медицинских учреждений. 4. Четыре из восьми регионов ЦУР не располагали достаточным объемом данных для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений санитарно- техническими сооружениями. 5. 21% медицинских учреждений во всем мире не были обеспечены санитарно-техническими сооружениями, т.е. у них были неулучшенные туалеты или вообще не было туалетов. 6. Доля медицинских учреждений, не имевших санитарно-технических сооружений, варьировалась от 5% в Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии до 40% в Центральной и Южной Азии. 7. В 42% развивающихся стран, не имеющих выхода к морю, в медицинских учреждениях был обеспечен базовый уровень услуг санитарии. 8. В наименее развитых странах услуги санитарии отсутствовали в 21% медицинских учреждений. 9. Yслуги санитарии отсутствовали в 9% больниц и в 20% других медицинских учреждений. 10. Yслуги санитарии отсутствовали в 16% государственных медицинских учреждений и в 36% частных медицинских учреждений. 11. Более 1,5 миллиарда человек не были обеспечены услугами санитарии в медицинских учреждении, где им оказывалась медицинская помощь. В 2016 г. в каждом пятом медицинском учреждении в мире услуги санитарии отсутствовали РИС. 5 Уровень услуг санитарии в медицинских учреждениях в мире, 2016 г. (%) Данные об уровне услуг санитарии в медицинских учреждениях в 2016 г. имелись в наличии только в одном регионе ЦУР. РИС. 6 Уровень услуг санитарии в медицинских учреждениях в регионах, 2016 г. (%) В 2016 г. в 28 из 66 стран, у которых имелись данные, более чем в 10% медицинских учреждений услуги санитарии отсутствовали РИС. 7 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых отсутствовали услуги санитарии, 2016 г. (%) БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ САНИТАРИИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения пригодны для использования, причем как минимум один туалет предназначен для персонала, как минимум один туалет разделен на мужской и женский, в котором есть условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, и как минимум один туалет приспособлен для людей с ограниченной подвижностью. ■ ■ ■ ■ 100 80 60 40 20 0 21 УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ДАННЫХ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Во всем мире 23 42 29 5 40 21 44 14 24 32 48 100 80 60 40 20 0 Аф ри ка к юг у о т С ах ар ы Во ст оч на я и Ю го -В ос то чн ая А зи я О ке ан ия Ц ен тр ал ьн ая и Ю жн ая А зи я Ав ст ра ли я и Н ов ая З ел ан ди я Ев ро па и С ев ер на я Ам ер ик а Л ат ин ск ая А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й ба сс ей н С ев ер на я Аф ри ка и За па дн ая А зи я Н аи ме не е ра зв ит ые с тр ан ы Ра зв ив аю щ ие ся с тр ан ы, н е им ею щ ие в ых од а к мо рю М ал ые о ст ро вн ые ра зв ив аю щ ие ся го су да рс тв а 5Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ГИГИЕНА Основные факты В 2016 г.: 1. Достаточными данными для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами в области гигиены, т.е. данными о наличии в пунктах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов функционирующих точек для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и с мылом и/или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе) располагали 14 стран. 2. Для расчета глобальной обеспеченности медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами в области гигиены основными расчетными данными располагало недостаточно большое число стран. 3. Четыре из восьми регионов ЦУР не располагали достаточным объемом данных для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений средствами гигиены. 4. В Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии базовыми средствами гигиены располагало одно из трех медицинских учреждений (36%). 5. В одном из шести медицинских учреждений в мире (16%) не было никаких средств гигиены: это означает, что в местах оказания медицинской помощи отсутствовали приспособления для мытья рук, а в туалетах не было мыла и воды. 6. Данными о наличии приспособлений для мытья рук в туалетах располагало относительно небольшое число стран (16), однако больше данных (в 55 странах) имелось о наличии приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи. 7. Приспособления для мытья рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи имелись в 57% медицинских учреждений в мире. 8. В Африке к югу от Сахары в половине медицинских учреждений (51%) в местах оказания медицинской помощи имелся антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе. 9. В Африке к югу от Сахары приспособления для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи имелись в 84% больниц и только в 64% других медицинских учреждениях. В 2016 г. в каждом шестом медицинском учреждении в мире отсутствовали средства гигиены РИС. 8 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений в мире средствами гигиены, 2016 г. (%) Данные об обеспеченности медицинских учреждений средствами гигиены в 2016 г. имелись в наличии только в одном регионе ЦУР РИС. 9 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений средствами гигиены на уровне регионов, 2016 г. (%) БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ В ОБЛАСТИ ГИГИЕНЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ В пунктах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов имеются функционирующие точки для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и с мылом и/или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе). В 2016 г. в 8 из 55 стран, в которых имелись данные, более чем в половине медицинских учреждений не было приспособлений для мытья рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи. РИС. 10 Доля медицинских учреждений, не имеющих приспособлений для мытья рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи, 2016 г. (%) ■ ■ ■ ■ 100 80 60 40 20 0 16 УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ДАННЫХ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Во всем мире 36 64 0.20.5 42 26 100 80 60 40 20 0 Во ст оч на я и Ю го -В ос то чн ая А зи я С ев ер на я Аф ри ка и За па дн ая А зи я Аф ри ка к юг у о т С ах ар ы Ц ен тр ал ьн ая и Ю жн ая А зи я Ав ст ра ли я и Н ов ая З ел ан ди я Ев ро па и С ев ер на я Ам ер ик а Л ат ин ск ая А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й ба сс ей н О ке ан ия Н аи ме не е ра зв ит ые с тр ан ы Ра зв ив аю щ ие ся с тр ан ы, н е им ею щ ие в ых од а к мо рю М ал ые о ст ро вн ые ра зв ив аю щ ие ся го су да рс тв а 6W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ Основные факты В 2016 г.: 1. 48 стран располагали достаточными данными для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами. 2. Для расчета охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами на глобальном уровне основными расчетными данными располагало недостаточно большое число стран. 3. 27% медицинских учреждений в наименее развитых странах были обеспечены базовыми услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами. 4. В Океании базовыми услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами было обеспечено одно из десяти медицинских учреждений (10%). 5. В Африке к югу от Сахары базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами было обеспечено 40% медицинских учреждений. 6. Системы разделения отходов имелись в 60% медицинских учреждений в мире. 7. В Африке к югу от Сахары базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами были обеспечены 60% больниц и 38% других медицинских учреждений. Семь из десяти государственных (71%) и половина (55%) негосударственных медицинских учреждений осуществляли безопасное разделение отходов. Данные о наличии базовых услуг по обращению с отходами в медицинских учреждениях в 2016 г. имелись в наличии только в двух регионах ЦУР РИС. 11 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений услугами по обращению с отходами на уровне регионов, 2016 г. (%) В 2016 г. в 30 из 48 стран, в которых имелись данные, более чем в половине медицинских учреждений не был обеспечен базовый уровень услуг по обращению с отходами РИС. 12 Доля медицинских учреждений, не обеспеченных базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами, 2016 г. (%) БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Отходы безопасно разделяются как минимум по трем контейнерам и производится безопасная обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов. 40 10 27 49 7 11 11 22 69 51 23 49 ■ ■ ■ ■ 100 80 60 40 20 0 УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ДАННЫХ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Аф ри ка к юг у о т С ах ар ы О ке ан ия С ев ер на я Аф ри ка и За па дн ая А зи я Ц ен тр ал ьн ая и Ю жн ая А зи я Во ст оч на я и Ю го -В ос то чн ая А зи я Ев ро па и С ев ер на я Ам ер ик а Ав ст ра ли я и Н ов ая З ел ан ди я Л ат ин ск ая А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й ба сс ей н Н аи ме не е ра зв ит ые с тр ан ы Ра зв ив аю щ ие ся с тр ан ы, н е им ею щ ие в ых од а к мо рю М ал ые о ст ро вн ые ра зв ив аю щ ие ся го су да рс тв а 7Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ Основные факты В 2016 г.: 1. Только 4 страны располагали достаточными данными для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды. 2. Для расчета глобального охвата медицинских учреждений базовым уровнем услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды основными оценочными данными располагало недостаточно большое число стран. БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Имеются элементарные протоколы проведения уборки, и весь персонал, отвечающий за уборку и поддержание чистоты, прошел соответствующую подготовку. 8W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ РАСШИРЕННОГО МОНИТОРИНГА Все пять глобальных показателей базовых услуг важны как отправная точка для глобального мониторинга состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях, однако они не охватывают всех аспектов услуг WASH, которые имеют большое значение для улучшения итоговых показателей здоровья населения, повышения качества медицинской помощи и охраны здоровья медицинских работников. Например, показатель базовых услуг водоснабжения не предполагает непосредственного измерения качества воды, хотя качество воды имеет колоссальное значение. УСЛУГИ БАЗОВЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ПРИМЕРЫ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ НАЛИЧИЕ ДОСТУПНОСТЬ ПРИЕМЛЕМОСТЬ КАЧЕСТВО ПРОЧЕЕ Водоснабжение Наличие • исправность Доступность • в помещении или на территории Качество • улучшенный источник водоснабжения • достаточное количество воды для различных видов использования • бесперебойность подачи воды • сезонность • хранение воды • место расположения и число водозаборных точек • отношение числа водозаборных точек к числу пациентов или коек • доступность питьевой воды для лиц с ограниченными возможностями • вкус и внешний вид питьевой воды • E. coli, Legionella, остаточный хлор, химические вещества и т.д. • очистка воды на месте • водопровод • наличие нескольких источников • обеспечение водой для разных видов использования, включая использование для питья • разные стандарты для разных типов учреждений Санитария Наличие • пригодность для использования • для женщин и мужчин • для персонала Доступность • для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью Приемлемость • обеспечение уединения • соблюдение требований гигиены во время менструации. Качество • улучшенные туалеты или уборные • расположение и число туалетов • отношение числа туалетов к числу пациентов или коек • расстояние между зонами приема пациентов и туалетами • соответствие культурным нормам • чистота • подключение к канализации • обращение с фекальным шламом • свидетельства открытой дефекации на территории учреждения • организация отведения нечистот и стоков • меры по борьбе с переносчиками болезней в туалетах Гигиена Наличие • функциональность приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи • функциональность приспособлений для мытья рук в туалетах • расположение и число точек для мытья рук • отношение числа точек для мытья рук к числу пациентов или коек • соблюдение правил гигиены рук • размещение на видных местах информационных материалов о правилах гигиены • мероприятия по пропаганде соблюдения правил гигиены • обучение по вопросам гигиены и контроля инфекции Обращение с отходами Качество • разделение медицинских отходов • обработка и удаление отходов • расположение и число мусорных баков и контейнеров • отношение числа мусорных баков к числу пациентов или коек • функциональность установок для сжигания отходов • наличие топлива/ энергии для мусоросжигательных установок • удаление химических и радиоактивных отходов • исключен доступ детей к мусорным бакам • наличие ограды вокруг зоны хранения отходов • средства индивидуальной защиты для лиц, ответственных за обращение с отходами Уборка помещений Наличие • имеются протоколы Качество • подготовленный персонал • расположение и число пунктов уборки • наличие расходных материалов для уборки, включая дезинфицирующие средства • периодичность проведения уборки • визуальная чистота • используемые методы уборки ТАБЛИЦА 2 Базовые и дополнительные показатели, сгруппированные по критериям, касающимся прав человека 9Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. О С Н О ВН Ы Е П О Л О Ж ЕН И Я ВСТАВКА 1 Поэтапная реализация прав человека на здоровье, безопасное водоснабжение и санитарию 3 Экономический и Социальный Совет Организации Объединенных Наций, замечание общего порядка №14: Право на наивысший достижимый уровень здоровья E/C.12/2000/4, ООН, Женева, 2000 <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/425041>. 4 de Albuquerque, Catarina, Realising the Human Rights to Water and Sanitation: A handbook by the UN Special Rapporteur Catarina de Albuquerque, UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation, Portugal, 2014, <www.ohchr.org/en/issues/waterandsanitation/srwater/pages/handbook.aspx>. Право на здоровье широко признается государствами- членами ООН и является важнейшим условием реализации других прав человека, включая право на безопасную воду и санитарию, а также зависит от реализации этих прав. Согласно замечанию общего порядка № 14 Комитета по экономическим, социальным и культурным правам3, право на здоровье включает следующие основные компоненты: • Наличие: необходимость располагать достаточным количеством функционирующих учреждений, товаров и услуг в сфере здравоохранения и медицинской помощи, а также соответствующих программ. • Доступность: учреждения, товары и услуги здравоохранения должны быть доступны каждому человеку. Доступность имеет четыре взаимосвязанных аспекта: недискриминация, физическая доступность, экономическая доступность (доступность с точки зрения расходов) и доступность информации. • Приемлемость: необходимость соответствия принципам медицинской этики, культурной приемлемости и учета гендерной проблематики. Приемлемость предполагает, что учреждения, товары, услуги и программы здравоохранения должны быть ориентированы на потребности людей и учитывать конкретные потребности различных групп населения в соответствии с международными стандартами медицинской этики в области конфиденциальности и информированного согласия. • Качество: учреждения, товары и услуги здравоохранения должны быть приемлемыми с научной и медицинской точек зрения. Качество является ключевым компонентом всеобщего охвата услугами здравоохранения и включает такие аспекты, как опыт получения медицинской помощи и восприятие ее качества пациентами. Качественные услуги здравоохранения должны быть безопасными, полноценными, ориентированными на человека, своевременными, основанными на принципе справедливости, комплексными и рациональными. В отношении водоснабжения и санитарии как прав человека применяются аналогичные нормативные критерии. Специальный докладчик ООН отметила, что «государствам- членам следует установить стандарты доступности, наличия, качества, экономической доступности, приемлемости и устойчивости услуг водоснабжения и санитарии» и что эти стандарты должны «применяться к услугам на дому, а также на месте работы, в школе, в медицинских центрах, в общественных местах и в местах лишения свободы»4. Ключевым принципом права на здоровье является принцип его постепенной реализации при максимальном использовании имеющихся ресурсов. От правительств не требуется незамедлительно обеспечить полное соблюдение обязательств в области прав человека, и ограниченность ресурсов может делать это невозможным в краткосрочной перспективе. Тем не менее, какими бы ни были имеющиеся в их распоряжении ресурсы, правительства могут и должны принять незамедлительные меры для осуществления этих прав исходя из имеющихся у них средств. Целесообразным для постановки задач по постепенному улучшению качества услуг, независимо от текущего уровня охвата, является подход, основанный на “иерархических лестницах услуг”. Каждое правительство должно решить, какие шаги следует предпринять и какой выбрать баланс между ассигнованиями на первичную, вторичную и третичную медико-санитарную помощь. Правительства могут ставить разные цели: добиться того, чтобы ни одно медицинское учреждение не оставалось без услуг WASH, гарантировать всеобщий доступ к базовым услугам или достичь более высоких уровней услуг. «Государство-участник должно располагать достаточным количеством функционирующих учреждений, товаров и услуг в сфере здравоохранения и медицинской помощи, а также соответствующих программ. Точный характер этих учреждений, товаров и услуг будет варьироваться в зависимости от целого ряда факторов, включая уровень развития государства- участника. При этом к ним будут относиться основополагающие предпосылки здоровья, такие как инфраструктура для снабжения безопасной питьевой водой и адекватными санитарными услугами, больницы, поликлиники и другие учреждения здравоохранения...» Замечание общего порядка №14, п.12. Глобальные показатели базовых услуг представляют собой компромисс между нормативными требованиями и тем, что можно практически отслеживать и агрегировать на национальном и глобальном уровнях на начальном этапе периода ЦУР. Ряд дополнительных показателей может быть объектом мониторинга на местном уровне и использоваться для повышения качества предоставления услуг. Такая информация могла бы быть агрегирована на национальном, а в конечном счете и на глобальном уровне, если это позволит качество данных. Отражая свои приоритеты и устремления, страны могут счесть целесообразным определить уровни услуг, которые описываются этими дополнительными показателями и выходят за рамки базового уровня. Примеры дополнительных показателей, не учитываемых при оценке базового уровня обслуживания, приведены в таблице 2. Как основные, так и дополнительные показатели сгруппированы по признаку доступности, наличия, приемлемости и качества, которые вытекают из прав человека (вставка 1). В настоящем докладе приводятся примеры, иллюстрирующие, как страны осуществляют мониторинг некоторых из этих дополнительных показателей. 10 ВВ ЕД ЕН И Е W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ВВЕДЕНИЕ 5 Совместная программа Всемирной организации здравоохранения и Детского фонда Организации Объединенных Наций по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены. "Прогресс в области обеспечения питьевой водой, санитарии и гигиены: обновленная информация за 2017 г. и исходные уровни для достижения Целей в области устойчивого развития". ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ, Женева, 2017 г., <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. 6 ЮНЕСКО, "Движение "Образование для всех"", ЮНЕСКО, 2017 г. <www.unesco.org/new/en/archives/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all>, по состоянию на 23 мая 2019 г. 7 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access. WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2019, <www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/wash-in-health-care-facilities/en/index.html>. 8 Организация Объединенных Наций. Преобразование нашего мира: Повестка дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года. Резолюция Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН А/RES/70/1, ООН, Женева, 21 октября 2015 г. <http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=R>. 9 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, WASH in the 2030 Agenda: New global indicators for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, WHO and UNICEF, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-wash-2030-agenda>. 10 United Nations Secretary-General, ‘Secretary-General's remarks at Launch of International Decade for Action "Water for Sustainable Development" 2018–2028 [as delivered]’, UN, Geneva, 22 March 2018, <www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2018-03-22/secretary-generals-remarks-launch-international-decade-action-water>, accessed 13 March 2019. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) и Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ) с 1990 г. в рамках Совместной программы ВОЗ/ЮНИСЕФ по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (СПМ) регулярно публикуют последние данные о положении дел в области водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (WASH). СПМ отслеживала ход достижения Целей тысячелетия в области развития (ЦТР), а теперь отвечает за мониторинг глобального прогресса в реализации задач, касающихся WASH, которые предусматриваются в Целях в области устойчивого развития (ЦУР).5 Сформулированные в ЦУР задачи включают обеспечение «всеобщего доступа» к услугам WASH. Для этого требуется уделять больше внимания услугам WASH не только в домашних хозяйствах, но и в организованной среде, например, в школах, медицинских учреждениях, на предприятиях и в организациях, где работают люди. В предпринимаемых во всем мире усилиях по обеспечению образования для всех признается роль, которую играет система WASH в школах в улучшении доступа к образованию, позволяющему добиться успеха в жизни благодаря полученным знаниям, особенно для девочек.6 В 2018 г. СПМ опубликовала первую глобальную оценку состояния WASH в школах. Точно так же в последние годы повышенное внимание стало уделяться и состоянию WASH в медицинских учреждениях и его связи с итоговыми показателями здоровья населения. В настоящем докладе впервые дается оценка системы водоснабжения, санитарии, гигиены, обращения с медицинскими отходами и поддержания чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях и устанавливаются расчетные исходные уровни для последующего мониторинга прогресса в течение всего периода реализации ЦУР. Этот доклад дополняется еще одним докладом ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ, в котором описываются практические шаги, которые могут быть предприняты странами для улучшения состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях.7 Вопросы WASH и охраны здоровья в Повестке дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года В 2015 г. 193 государства-члена Организации Объединенных Наций на сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи единогласно приняли документ «Повестка дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года»,8 в котором были сформулированы 17 Целей в области устойчивого развития (ЦУР) и 169 глобальных задач в этой области на период 2015–2030 гг. Эта грандиозная и всеобщая повестка дня касается всех стран, и в ней особо подчеркивается, что «никто не будет забыт» и будут выявлены и постепенно устранены неравенства в уровнях услуг. ЦУР 6 требует «обеспечения наличия и рационального использования водных ресурсов и санитарии для всех» и включает задачи обеспечения к 2030 году всеобщего доступа к безопасной питьевой воде, санитарии и гигиене для всех (задачи 6.1 и 6.2). Термин «всеобщий» означает все виды социальной среды, включая домашние хозяйства, школы, медицинские учреждения, предприятия и организации, в которых работают люди, и общественные места, а под выражением «для всех» имеются ввиду услуги, которые отвечают потребностям женщин, мужчин, девочек и мальчиков – людей всех возрастов, в том числе лиц с ограниченными возможностями.9 ЦУР 3 предусматривает «обеспечение здоровой жизни и содействие благополучию для всех в любом возрасте» и включает конкретную задачу: уменьшить бремя болезней в результате отсутствия безопасной воды, безопасной санитарии и возможностей для соблюдения требований гигиены (3.9). В соответствии с другими задачами (3.1, 3.2), необходимо снизить материнскую смертность и смертность детей до пяти лет и новорожденных, а на все эти показатели смертности напрямую влияет состояние WASH в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях. Более того, страны смогут достичь всеобщего охвата услугами здравоохранения (задача 3.8) только тогда, когда каждый человек будет иметь доступ к качественным медико-санитарным услугам, в том числе к медицинским учреждениям, в которых обеспечены базовые услуги WASH. Эти задачи по своим масштабам огромны, но они также взаимосвязаны, и выполнение одной из них облегчает выполнение других. В марте 2018 г. Генеральный секретарь Организации Объединенных Наций выступил с глобальным призывом к принятию практических мер по улучшению состояния WASH во всех медицинских учреждениях10 и при этом отметил, что медицинские учреждения являются 11 ВВЕД ЕН И Е Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. важнейшими инструментами снижения заболеваемости и что без базовых средств WASH медицинские учреждения могут лишь способствовать еще большему распространению инфекций, увеличению продолжительности пребывания в стационарах и повышению предотвратимой смертности, включая материнскую и младенческую. Мониторинг WASH в медицинских учреждениях В предлагаемом докладе СПМ основное внимание уделяется мониторингу состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях, тогда как в сопутствующем ему документе, касающемся практических шагов7, подробно излагается глобальный план работы и обозначены восемь шагов, которые могут быть предприняты странами для улучшения состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях: 1. Провести анализ и оценку ситуации. 2. Установить целевые показатели и наметить дорожную карту. 3. Принять национальные нормативы и правила. 4. Улучшить инфраструктуру и техническое обслуживание. 5. Вести мониторинг и анализировать данные. 6. Укреплять кадры здравоохранения. 11 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in low- and middle-income countries and way forward, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/154588/9789241508476_eng.pdf>. 7. Привлекать местное население. 8. Проводить операционные исследования и обмениваться получаемыми знаниями. Настоящий доклад представляет собой подборку и анализ имеющихся данных мониторинга, которые уже были собраны и проанализированы странами (шаг 5). В новой глобальной базе данных СПМ о состоянии WASH в медицинских учреждениях содержатся данные от 125 стран, полученные в результате оценки более 560 тысяч медицинских учреждений (подробнее см. Приложение 1). Данные были взяты из 260 отчетов о репрезентативных в национальном масштабе оценках учреждений и отображены картографически по схеме стандартного набора глобальных показателей – водоснабжение, санитария, гигиена, обращение с отходами и поддержание чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. Этот доклад публикуется вслед за предварительным обзором состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях в 2015 г.11 и заменяет собой тот обзор, в котором было привлечено внимание к проблемам неудовлетворительного состояния WASH во многих медицинских учреждениях в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов. Выводы обзора и настоящего доклада напрямую несопоставимы, поскольку в основу 12 ВВ ЕД ЕН И Е W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ предварительного обзора было положено намного меньшее число оценок, репрезентативных в национальном масштабе (20 репрезентативных оценок с охватом 58 тысяч учреждений, в основном в Африке к югу от Сахары). Все эти показатели образуют предложенные СПМ иерархические лестницы услуг (рис. 1), используемые для глобального мониторинга, и дают возможность получать и сравнивать статистические данные на международном уровне между странами 12 См., в частности, "Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях", ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/ publications/ehs_hc/ru/, и Всемирная организация здравоохранения, "Безопасное управление отходами медико-санитарной деятельности", ВОЗ, Женева, 2014 г. https://apps. who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259684/WHO-FWC-WSH-17.05-rus.pdf?sequence=1 13 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, Meeting Report: Expert Group Meeting on Monitoring WASH in Health Care Facilities in the Sustainable Development Goals, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2016, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2016-expert-group-meeting-winhcf>. 14 Улучшенные источники водоснабжения – это источники, которые благодаря своей конструкции и устройству способны обеспечить подачу безопасной воды. К таким источникам относятся водопровод, скважины или трубчатые колодцы, защищенные копаные колодцы, защищенные родники, дождевая вода и фасованная или привозная вода. 15 Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения – это сооружения, предназначенные для гигиеничного отделения человеческих экскрементов от контакта с человеком. К ним относятся санитарно-технические сооружения влажного типа, такие как туалеты со смывом и со смывом вручную, подведенные к канализационным коллекторам, септиктенкам или уборным с выгребной ямой, и сооружения сухого типа, такие как сухие уборные с выгребной ямой с напольной плитой и компостирующие туалеты. 16 Для амбулаторных учреждений требуется как минимум два туалета (один для персонала и один гендерно-нейтральный туалет для пациентов, в котором имеются возможности для соблюдения требований гигиены по время менструации и который доступен для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью). Двух туалетов может быть достаточно для небольшого медицинского учреждения, которое оказывает только амбулаторную помощь, но в более крупных учреждениях нужно иметь больше туалетов. и разными периодами времени. Разработка показателей базовых услуг (таблица 3) началась в 2015 г. с анализа общемировых норм12 и имевшихся национальных показателей и инструментов сбора данных. В 2016 г. на совещании группы экспертов, в которую входили представители сектора WASH и сектора здравоохранения, а также основных международных программ обследований, были рассмотрены, скорректированы и утверждены проект набора стандартизированных показателей и рекомендуемые основные вопросы для использования при сборе данных.13 БАЗОВАЯ УСЛУГА ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ БАЗОВАЯ УСЛУГА САНИТАРИИ БАЗОВЫЕ СРЕДСТВА СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ БАЗОВАЯ УСЛУГА ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ БАЗОВАЯ УСЛУГА ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В помещении или на прилегающей территории есть вода из улучшенного источника.14 Улучшенные санитарно- технические сооружения15 пригодны для пользования, причем как минимум один туалет предназначен для персонала, как минимум один туалет разделен на мужской и женский, в котором есть условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, и как минимум один туалет приспособлен для людей с ограниченной подвижностью.16 В местах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов имеются функционирующие приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и мылом и/или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе). Отходы безопасно разделяются как минимум по трем контейнерам и производится безопасная обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов. Имеются базовые протоколы проведения уборки и весь персонал, отвечающий за уборку и поддержание чистоты, прошел соответствующее обучение. ТАБЛИЦА 3 Глобальные показатели базовых услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях 13 ВВЕД ЕН И Е Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. После этого в течение 2016–2017 гг. проходила апробация в реальных условиях и доработка новых показателей и вопросов. Окончательный набор основных вопросов и показателей17 отражает баланс между нормативными требованиями и практическими ограничениями, связанными с видом и уровнем информации, которую можно реально собрать от всех типов медицинских учреждений и агрегировать для составления глобальных докладов в течение всего периода реализации ЦУР. После того, как показатели базовых услуг WASH и связанные с ними основные вопросы были впервые опубликованы в 2016 г., они были включены в 17 Всемирная организация здравоохранения и Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций. Основные вопросы и показатели для мониторинга выполнения включенных в Цели в области устойчивого развития задач по обеспечению WASH в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях. ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ, Женева, 2018 г. https://apps.who.int/iris/ bitstream/handle/10665/311761/978924451454-rus.pdf?ua=1. 18 Health Data Collaborative, <www.healthdatacollaborative.org>, accessed 13 March 2019. руководства, стандарты, стратегии и методики оценки в различных подсекторах здравоохранения (вставка 2; см. также Приложение 2 в публикации Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Practical steps to achieve universal access7 [«Водоснабжение, санитария и гигиена в медицинских учреждениях: практические шаги по достижению всеобщего доступа», на англ. языке]). Они также включены в пересмотр «Методики оценки лечебно- профилактических учреждений», проводимый в настоящее время под руководством ВОЗ в рамках деятельности партнерства «Health Data Collaborative».18 CONTACT Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia 1211-Geneva 27 Switzerland http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/en/ Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT) A practical guide for improving quality of care through water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities Safe management of wastes from health-care activities Second edition Edited by Yves Chartier, Jorge Emmanuel, Ute Pieper, Annette Prüss, Philip Rushbrook, Ruth Stringer, William Townend, Susan Wilburn and Raki Zghondi STANDARDS FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF MATERNAL AND NEWBORN CARE IN HEALTH FACILITIES Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level Standards for improving the quality of care for children and young adolescents in health facilities GLOBAL GUIDELINES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION ENDING CHOLERA A G LO B A L R O A D M A P TO 2 0 3 0 GLOBAL ACTION PLAN ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE STATE PARTY SELF-ASSESSMENT ANNUAL REPORTING TOOL INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (2005) ВСТАВКА 2 Публикации сектора здравоохранения, в которых говорится о WASH в медицинских учреждениях, 2016–2018 гг. 14 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 19 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. Для того, чтобы работники медицинских учреждений могли оказывать медико-санитарную помощь, им требуется безопасная вода в достаточных количествах. Питье и приготовление пищи, гигиена рук, принятие душа и купание, разнообразные применения воды в общих и специальных медицинских целях – все это требует надежного снабжения безопасной водой. Вода также нужна для уборки помещений, поддержания в чистоте коек, мытья полов, туалетов, стирки постельного и нательного белья. Она занимает центральное место во всем процессе получения пациентами медико- санитарной помощи, так как позволяет им сохранять нормальную гидратацию организма, содержать в чистоте свое тело и снижает риск заражения инфекциями. Вода нужна также родственникам больных и неформальным помощникам по уходу, чтобы они могли ухаживать за больными и удовлетворять свои собственные потребности. Без воды медицинское учреждение – это никакое не медицинское учреждение. В зависимости от вида оказываемых медико-санитарных услуг и масштабов медицинского учреждения потребности в воде у медицинских учреждений разные. Важными аспектами системы водоснабжения являются количество и качество имеющейся в наличии воды, место расположения и доступность водозаборных точек в медицинском учреждении, а также бесперебойность водоснабжения на протяжении всего времени.19 Однако 15 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. в большинстве случаев проведения оценки учреждений и в большинстве информационных систем организации здравоохранения собирается лишь ограниченная информация об услугах водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях. В этом докладе вводится концепция иерархической лестницы услуг водоснабжения, которая позволяет на основании имеющихся в настоящий момент данных, полученных из национальных источников, классифицировать учреждения как имеющие базовый уровень услуг, ограниченный уровень услуг или учреждения, в которых услуги отсутствуют (рис. 13). Базовый уровень услуг – это не очень высокий уровень, и в данной главе также приводятся примеры того, как страны собирают дополнительную информацию о предоставляемых у них услугах водоснабжения, например, о непрерывности, достаточности и качестве подаваемой воды. Такой сбор данных сверх базового уровня услуг в будущем можно было бы в принципе использовать для целей мониторинга повышенных уровней услуг; однако в настоящее время эта информация не стандартизирована или недостаточно широко доступна, чтобы использовать ее для глобального мониторинга. Учреждения здравоохранения классифицируются как имеющие базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения в тех случаях, когда они пользуются водой из улучшенного источника, расположенного в помещении или на прилегающей территории, и в момент проведения оценки вода в нем имеется в наличии. Медицинские учреждения, пользующиеся улучшенным источником воды, который не расположен в помещении или на прилегающей территории (но все же находится в пределах 500 метров 20 Улучшенные источники водоснабжения – это источники, которые благодаря своей конструкции и устройству способны обеспечить подачу безопасной воды. К таким источникам относятся водопровод, скважины или трубчатые колодцы, защищенные копаные колодцы, защищенные родники, дождевая вода и фасованная или привозная вода. от них), или в котором нет воды в момент проведения оценки, классифицируются как имеющие ограниченный уровень услуг водоснабжения. Медицинские учреждения, у которых нет источника воды или которые берут воду из неулучшенного источника или пользуются улучшенным источником, расположенным на удалении более 500 метров, классифицируются как учреждения, в которых услуги водоснабжения отсутствуют. Так, в Сенегале в результате оценки учреждений в ходе обследования ECPSS 2017 г. было установлено, что тот или иной источник воды был почти у всех медицинских учреждений в стране, однако критерию базового уровня услуг водоснабжения соответствовали менее половины учреждений (рис. 14). ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ Базовый уровень услуг В помещении или на прилегающей территории есть вода из улучшенного источника20. Ограниченный уровень услуг В пределах 500 м от учреждения имеется улучшенный источник воды, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Услуги отсутствуют Вода берется из незащищенных копаных колодцев или родников или из поверхностных источников воды или из улучшенного источника, который находится на расстоянии более 500 м от учреждения, или в учреждении нет источника воды. РИС. 13 Иерархическая лестница услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях Иллюстрация выстраивания иерархической лестницы услуг водоснабжения: Сенегал РИС. 14 Медицинские учреждений с разбивкой по уровню услуг водоснабжения, Сенегал, обследование ECPSS, 2017 г. (%) ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Любой источник воды Улучшенный источник Улучшенный в пределах 500 м Улучшенный в помещении/на территории Улучшенный, есть вода Иерархическая лестница услуг 100 80 60 40 20 0 99 86 83 66 46 37 17 46 16 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ Во всем мире достаточный объем данных для расчета репрезентативных в масштабах страны оценок базового уровня услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях в 2016 г. имелся у 38 стран с совокупным населением 2,6 млрд человек (рис. 15). Данные о других показателях имелись у большего числа стран: доложить о доле медицинских учреждений, в которых услуги водоснабжения отсутствовали, могли 69 стран с совокупным населением 61% от всего населения земного шара. СПМ публикует региональные и глобальные оценки21 новых показателей, если имеются данные как минимум по 30% населения соответствующей территории.22 Во всем мире в 2016 г. базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения имели 74% медицинских учреждений (рис. 16). В каждом восьмом медицинском учреждении (12%) услуги водоснабжения отсутствовали, а в остальных 14% медицинских учреждений был ограниченный уровень услуг, т.е. у них либо был доступ к улучшенному источнику воды, который находился вне помещения (но на удалении не более 500 метров), либо в этом источнике на момент проведения оценки не было воды. 21 Для того, чтобы страны в каком-либо одном регионе не оказывали непропорционально большого влияния на глобальные оценки, глобальные оценки рассчитываются из региональных оценок. См. Приложение 1. Методы, применяемые в СПМ. 22 Поскольку население земного шара в 2016 г. составляло 7,47 млрд человек, глобальные оценки можно рассчитывать при условии, что имеются данные по странам с совокупным населением как минимум 2,24 млрд человек. Обратите внимание, что при расчете региональных и глобальных оценок в качестве статистических весов используются показатели численности населения в странах (или городского и сельского населения), а не число медицинских учреждений (что было бы правильнее), так как данные о численности населения получить легче, чем данные о числе различных типов медицинских учреждений. Подробности см. в Приложении 1. Методы, применяемые в СПМ. 87 70 51 55 46 65 10 6 5 10 23 23 22 36 18 12 26 23 24 3 На им ен ее ра зви ты е с тра ны Ра зви ваю щи еся ст ра ны , н е им ею щи е в ых од а к мо рю Ав стр ал ия и Н ов ая Зе ла нд ия Во сто чн ая и Ю го- Во сто чн ая Аз ия Ок еа ни я Се ве рн ая Аф ри ка и За па дн ая Аз ия Ев ро па и С ев ер на я А ме ри ка Ла ти нс ка я А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й б ас се йн Це нтр аль на я и Ю жн ая Аз ия Аф ри ка к ю гу от Са хар ы Ма лы е о стр ов ны е ра зв ив аю щи ес я го суд ар ств а 100 80 60 40 20 0 74 14 12 Во вс ем ми ре ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО■ Во всем мире в 2016 г. четверть медицинских учреждений не имели базовых услуг водоснабжения РИС. 16 Охват медицинских учреждений услугами водоснабжения по регионам и во всем мире, 2016 г. (%) В 2016 г. расчетные оценки наличия базового уровня услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях имелись в 38 странах с совокупным населением 2,6 млрд человек РИС. 15 Охват данными об услугах водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях, по отдельным показателям, с указанием числа стран и населения, по которым имеются данные (млрд человек), 2016 г. Базовый уровень услуг (n=38) Улучшенный источник, вода имеется (n=40) Улучшенный, в помещении/на территории (n=53) Услуги отсутствуют (n=69) Любые данные (n=73) 2,6 2,6 3,1 4,6 4,6 17 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Региональные показатели базового уровня услуг водоснабжения колебались от 51% в Африке к югу от Сахары до 87% в Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии (региональные группы стран см. в Приложении 2). Улучшенные источники водоснабжения При проведении оценок учреждений обычно спрашивают, что является основным типом источника водоснабжения, который используется медицинским учреждением для общих целей. В некоторых случаях для разных целей используют разные источники водоснабжения (например, для уборки и для питья), но в глобальном мониторинге внимание обращается на основной источник. Эти источники разделяются на улучшенные (водопровод, скважины или трубчатые колодцы, защищенные копаные колодцы, защищенные родники, дождевая вода и фасованная или привозная вода), неулучшенные (незащищенные родники и колодцы, поверхностная вода и другие источники) и отсутствующие (источников воды нет). Между странами и внутри стран существуют широкие различия в типах источников водоснабжения, используемых медицинскими учреждениями (рис. 17). В медицинских учреждениях используются различные типы источников водоснабжения РИС. 17 Доля медицинских учреждений, использующих разные типы источников водоснабжения, по данным некоторых обследований из серии «Оценка наличия и готовности услуг» (SARA), 2012–2017 гг. (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 ■ ИСТОЧНИК ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ■ ДРУГОЕ ■ НЕЗАЩИЩЕННЫЕ РОДНИКИ И КОЛОДЦЫ ■ ДОЖДЕВАЯ ВОДА ■ БУТИЛИРОВАННАЯ ВОДА ■ ЗАЩИЩЕННЫЕ РОДНИКИ И КОЛОДЦЫ ■ ПОВЕРХНОСТНАЯ ВОДА ■ ТРУБЧАТЫЙ КОЛОДЕЦ/СКВАЖИНА ■ ПРИВОЗНАЯ ВОДА ■ ВОДОПРОВОД НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ■ ВОДОПРОВОД В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ ■ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЙ КРАН/КОЛОНКА Шр и-Л ан ка (20 17 ) Зи мб аб ве (2 01 5) Бе ни н ( 20 13 ) Ма вр ита ни я ( 20 13 ) То го (20 12 ) Бу рк ин а-Ф асо (2 01 2) Со ма ли (2 01 2) Мь ян ма (2 01 4) Сь ер ра -Л ео не (2 01 3) Де мо кр ати че ска я Ре сп уб ли ка Ко нго (2 01 4) 18 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ В некоторых странах высока доля медицинских учреждений, пользующихся улучшенными источниками воды, но эти источники либо расположены вне помещений/за пределами прилегающей территории (рис. 18а), либо воды в этих источниках на момент проведения оценки нет (рис. 18b). Например, в Камбодже улучшенными источниками в 2016 г. пользовались 94% медицинских учреждений, но только 55% могли пользоваться улучшенными источниками в помещениях или на прилегающей территории. В этом же году в Гондурасе улучшенными источниками пользовались 99% учреждений, но всего в 58% из них в этих улучшенных источниках была в наличии вода. Во всем мире тем или иным улучшенным источником воды пользовались 89% медицинских учреждений; в 78% учреждений источники были расположены в помещениях или на прилегающей территории, а вода в момент проведения оценки была в наличии в 83% из них. Это показывает, как важно не только создавать инфраструктуру там, где она нужна, но и осуществлять ее техническое обслуживание и грамотную эксплуатацию. Большинство медицинских учреждений пользуются улучшенными источниками воды, но намного меньше учреждений соответствуют критериям базового уровня услуг водоснабжения РИС. 18 Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенными источниками воды и с улучшенными источниками в помещении/на прилегающей территории (а, n=53) или с улучшенными источниками воды, в которых имеется в наличии вода (b, n=40), по странам (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Камбоджа Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии /н а те рр ит ор ии Ул уч ш ен ны й, е ст ь в на ли чи и во да Гондурас Улучшенный источник водыУлучшенный источник воды 0 20 40 60 80 100 100 80 60 40 20 0 a b 19 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Даже когда медицинское учреждение имеет доступ к источнику воды, вода в нем не всегда может быть в наличии в нужный момент из-за перебоев в подаче, которые могут продолжаться от нескольких часов до нескольких недель или даже месяцев. У медицинских учреждений могут быть механизмы преодоления проблем дефицита лекарственных препаратов (неприкосновенные запасы) или электроэнергии (резервные электрогенераторы), но планировать и принимать меры на случай дефицита воды намного сложнее. У медицинских учреждений также могут быть собственные механические насосы, работа которых зависит от наличия электроэнергии, поэтому отключения электричества часто приводят к дефициту воды. В тех случаях, когда водопроводная вода подается с перебоями, медицинские учреждения могут использовать баки с резервным запасом воды, однако техническое обслуживание таких баков поставщиками водопроводной воды, как правило, не осуществляется и они легко загрязняются. К другим способам смягчения последствий перебоев в подаче воды относятся сбор дождевой воды, использование других источников и применение солнечных батарей для обеспечения надежного электропитания водяных насосов. 20 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ СТРАНА ИСТОЧНИК ДАННЫХ ГОД ВОПРОС ОХВАТЫВА- ЕМЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ С ФУНКЦИОНИРУЮЩИМИ ИСТОЧНИКАМИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ (ИСКЛЮЧАЯ БОЛЬНИЦЫ) Афганистан EMONC 2009 Используется ли источник постоянно? Если нет, сколько месяцев в году вы можете получать воду? Все 95% используются постоянно Коморские Острова Националь- ная оценка 2018 Вода всегда имеется в наличии в достаточном количестве для всех видов использования. Все 68% да Египет SPA 2004 Есть ли сезонные колебания в этом источнике воды для учреждения? Все 75% нет Гондурас ПАОЗ 2017 Имеется ли в наличии вода во время проведения обследования? Все 58% да Гвинея- Биссау Националь- ная оценка 2017 Когда вы в медицинском центре открываете кран, вытекает ли из него вода? Только водопровод 76% да Кения SDI 2012 Сколько раз за последние 3 месяца были перебои в водоснабжении из этого источника продолжительностью более двух часов? Все 96% 45 или менее дней с перерывами на два часа или более Лесото HFS 2011 Имеется ли у учреждения НАДЕЖНОЕ ПИТЬЕВОЕ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ 18 часов в сутки? Все 60% да Мексика ENNVIH 2002 Сколько дней за последний месяц к вам не поступала вода? Все 83% никогда не оставались без водоснабжения Нигер РМА 2018 В течение сегодняшнего дня прерывалось ли водоснабжение на два часа или более? Только водопровод 71% нет Шри-Ланка SARA 2017 Какой источник воды чаще всего используется учреждением в настоящее время? (Убедиться, что вода поступает из источника или имеется в наличии в учреждении в день посещения, например, проверить, работает ли водопровод). Все В 99% источников была вода в день посещения Уганда АВСЕ 2012 В обычный год бывает ли такое время года, когда ваше учреждение испытывает острый дефицит воды или вода в нем отсутствует? Все 57% нет Уганда WVI 2014 Сколько часов в неделю медицинское учреждение получает услуги водоснабжения? Все 81% получают услуги 84 часа или более (50% времени) Уганда PMA 2015 Идет ли в вашем учреждении сегодня вода из крана? (Выберите только водопровод. Если воды сегодня не было более двух часов, отметьте "нет") Только водопровод- ная вода 37%* * эти данные для расчета оценок не используются ТАБЛИЦА 5 Вопросы, которые задаются для оценки наличия воды в ходе оценок медицинских учреждений (полный перечень национальных источников данных см. в страновых файлах СПМ). В разных обследованиях используются разные критерии оценки наличия воды ВСТАВКА 3 Количественные оценки наличия воды В разных обследованиях и разных источниках данных количественная оценка наличия воды в медицинских учреждениях производится по-разному (таблица 5). В некоторых обследованиях собирается информации о существовании источников водоснабжения, но при этом не фиксируется, находятся ли они в рабочем состоянии на момент проведения оценки. СПМ рекомендует включать в обследования такой вопрос, как «Имеется ли в наличии вода в основном источнике водоснабжения во время проведения обследования?» Требуются дальнейшие усилия по гармонизации определений, используемых в источниках данных на уровне стран, чтобы можно было проводить сравнения между странами. 21 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Между странами существуют большие различия в охвате базовыми услугами водоснабжения РИС. 19 Доля медицинских учреждений, имеющих базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения, по странам и условным регионам ЦУР, 2016 г. (%) Коморские Острова Эфиопия Уганда Конго Замбия Сенегал Нигерия Кот-д'Ивуар Того Объединенная Республика Танзания Кения Гана Бурунди Бенин Буркина-Фасо Мавритания Зимбабве Перу Гондурас Парагвай Вьетнам Индонезия Китай Мальдивы Бангладеш Шри-Ланка Ливан Армения Азербайджан Кувейт Папуа-Новая Гвинея Сербия Андорра Чехия Эстония Литва Черногория Сан-Марино 0 20 40 60 80 100 30 21 31 37 40 46 50 57 58 65 66 71 73 74 79 81 81 46 58 85 70 51 80 91 55 70 99 97 100 100 96 100 100 100 100 100 100 АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ ОКЕАНИЯ 61 22 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Каждое государство должно само устанавливать нормативы по водоснабжению в медицинских учреждениях и, когда это необходимо, принимать программы улучшения обслуживания. Показатель базового уровня услуг водоснабжения полезен как отправная точка, но он не охватывает многих важных аспектов водоснабжения, таких как качество, бесперебойность и достаточность.23 Во многих медицинских учреждениях базовый уровень услуг уже достигнут, но услуги водоснабжения все равно нуждаются в улучшении. В зависимости от своих приоритетов и имеющихся ресурсов страны могут рассматривать вопрос о введении дополнительных показателей, соответствующих более высоким уровням услуг. В следующем разделе приводятся примеры, которые, не являясь всеобъемлющим описанием, иллюстрируют показатели, отслеживаемые в странах. Водопроводная вода В идеале все медицинские учреждения, особенно больницы24 должны быть постоянно обеспечены водопроводной водой, однако в некоторых странах такой уровень услуг представляется труднодосягаемым. Во всех условных регионах ЦУР, в которых имелись данные, по крайней мере в одной оценке было установлено, что водопроводной водой в здании или на прилегающей территории обеспечены менее 60% больниц, и как минимум в одной оценке было установлено, что водопроводной водой обеспечены менее 25% других медицинских учреждений (рис. 20). Качество воды Независимо от того, как подается вода – по водопроводу или нет, источники воды могут быть загрязнены. Вода, которой пользуются в медицинских учреждениях, должна соответствовать принятым в стране государственным стандартам или нормативным величинам, указанным в Руководстве ВОЗ по обеспечению качества воды,25 но сам по себе базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения не всегда означает, что вода соответствует стандартам качества. Например, хотя более чем в половине больниц в Бутане в 2016 г. был 23 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. 24 Различия между больницами и другими типами медицинских учреждений рассматриваются в главе 8 "Неравенства". 25 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Руководство по обеспечению качества питьевой воды, 4-е издание, включающее первое дополнение к 3-му изданию. ВОЗ, Женева, 2017 г. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255762/1/9789244548158-rus.pdf 26 В том числе по фекальным колиформным бактериям Pseudomona aeruginosa и токсичным химическим веществам. достигнут базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения, безопасной вода была только в 59% из них (рис. 21). В результате оценки центров общественного здоровья в Ливане в 2016 г. было установлено, что базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения был в 61% учреждений, но в четверти из них вода была загрязнена фекалиями. Более чем в половине медицинских учреждений с неулучшенными источниками водоснабжения (отсутствие услуг) было отмечено фекальное загрязнение воды. Собрать данные о качестве воды в медицинских учреждениях с ограниченным уровнем услуг в Бутане или Ливане было невозможно, так как во время проведения оценки там не было в наличии воды. Вода может быть загрязнена и во внутрибольничной водопроводной системе. В Коста-Рике, где в 2017 г. водопроводная вода была во всех больницах, в 3% больниц вода на входе в систему не соответствовала государственным нормативам качества питьевой воды,26 а вода во внутрибольничной водопроводной системе не соответствовала нормативам в каждой восьмой больнице (рис. 22). Это еще раз подчеркивает важность того, где (и когда) отбираются пробы воды для анализа. Во сто чн ая и Ю го- Во сто чн ая Аз ия Ок еа ни я Аф ри ка к ю гу от Са хар ы Ла ти нс ка я А ме ри ка и К ар иб ски й б ас се йн Це нт ра ль на я и Юж на я А зи я Ев ро па и Се ве рн ая Ам ер ик а 100 80 60 40 20 0 БОЛЬНИЦЫ ДРУГИЕ МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ Водопроводная вода чаще бывает в больницах, чем в других медицинских учреждениях РИС. 20 Наличие водопровода в больницах и в других медицинских учреждениях, по результатам отдельных обследований в 50 странах, в которых имелись данные, 2010–2018 гг. (%) 23 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. РИС. 21 Доля учреждений, в которых вода соответствует государственным нормативам качества по содержанию E. Coli в Бутане (2016 г., n=28 больниц)27 и в Ливане (2016 г., n=166 центров общественного здоровья)28 (%) 27 Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, Thimphu, Bhutan, 2016, <www.washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. 28 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, report submitted to UNICEF in November 2017. 29 Alvarado, DM and Navarro, PR, Estimación de la calidad del agua para consume humano en centros de salud de Costa Rica al año 2017, Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas, 2017. 30 enHealth, Guidelines for Legionella Control in the Operation and Maintenance of Water Distribution Systems in Health and Aged Care Facilities, Australian Government, Canberra, 2015, <www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/A12B57E41EC9F326CA257BF0001F9E7D/$File/Guidelines-Legionella-control.pdf>. Помочь медицинским учреждениям смягчить риски для качества воды может внедрение планов обеспечения безопасности воды, например, предусматривающих осуществление очистки воды на месте. Содержание планов обеспечения безопасности воды может также определяться техническими нормами и правилами РИС. 22 Доля больниц в Коста-Рике, в которых вода соответствовала государственным нормативам качества по содержанию фекальных и токсичных химических загрязнителей (%)29 устройства внутреннего водопровода, которые помогают предотвращать перекрестное загрязнение воды и осуществлять контроль патогенных микроорганизмов, таких как Legionella, способных активно размножаться в биопленках внутри водораспределительных систем.30 В медицинских учреждениях, имеющих базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения, вода не всегда соответствует государственным нормативам качества 2L ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ < 1КОЕ/100 мл ■ 1–10 КОЕ/100 мл ■ 11–100 КОЕ/100 мл ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ >1КОЕ/100 мл (обнаружены E. coli) 100 80 60 40 20 0 43 37 26 1257 59 41 5 3 47 21 11 74 61 Бутан Ливан ■ > 100 КОЕ/100 МЛ Вода на входе в больничную систему Д ол я бо ль ни ц (% ) Внутрибольничная водопроводная система 97 3 88 12 ■ НЕ СООТВЕТСТВОВАЛА НОРМАТИВАМ ■ СООТВЕТСТВОВАЛА НОРМАТИВАМ 100 80 60 40 20 0 Вода может быть безопасной в точке поступления, а затем оказаться загрязненной во внутрибольничной водопроводной сети 24 УС ЛУ ГИ В О Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Бесперебойность водоснабжения Бесперебойное водоснабжение в условиях медицинских учреждений имеет критическое значение, особенно при оказании экстренной помощи и при родоразрешении, но не всегда оно бывает обеспечено в медицинских учреждениях с базовым уровнем услуг водоснабжения. Учреждения, сообщающие о том, что вода имеется в наличии большую часть времени (например, не менее 12 часов в сутки, четырех дней в неделю или 15 дней в месяц), классифицируются в СПМ как учреждения, обеспеченные водой (вставка 3). Например, в результате обследования в Перу было установлено, что 6% медицинских учреждений имеют базовый уровень услуг водоснабжения, при котором вода подается в течение 12–23 часов в сутки, а в 27% учреждений уровень услуг ограниченный, так как продолжительность подачи воды меньше 12 часов в сутки или о подаче воды не сообщается (рис. 23). В Уганде 90% учреждений в течение месяца, предшествовавшего оценке, оказывались без воды 15 дней или менее в течение двух или более часов, и их классифицировали как имеющие в наличии воду; у 70% вода была постоянно каждый день в течение предшествовавшего месяца. В Кении только у 2% медицинских учреждений не было воды в течение двух или более часов 45 или более дней за предшествовавшие 90 дней; 70% учреждений сообщили, что за предшествовавшие 90 дней у них не было ни одного дня, когда бы прекращалась подача воды. На рис. 23 показано, что между странами и внутри стран существуют большие различия в продолжительности перебоев и их влиянии на качество предоставляемой медико-санитарной помощи. В Перу, Уганде и Кении почти у трети учреждений не было бесперебойного водоснабжения РИС. 23 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых прерывалась подача воды на протяжении среднестатистического 24-часового периода в Перу (ВОЗ, 2017 г.) и в которых не было воды два часа или более в сутки за предшествующие 30 дней в Уганде (SDI, 2013 г.) и за предшествующие 90 дней в Кении (SDI, 2012 г.) (%) Перу (n=192) Уганда (n=401) Кения (n=294) ■ 0 ЧАСОВ ■ 1–6 ■ 13–18 ■ > 19 ЧАСОВ ■ ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ■ 7–12 ■ 0 ДНЕЙ ■ 1–7 ■ 16–22 ■ > 22 ДНЕЙ ■ ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ■ 8–15 ■ 0 ДНЕЙ ■ 1–20 ■ 46–60 ■ > 60 ДНЕЙ ■ ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ■ 21–45 25 УС ЛУГИ ВО Д О С Н А БЖ ЕН И Я В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Для предоставления качественной медико-санитарной помощи в медицинских учреждениях требуются большие количества воды. Имеются соответствующие нормативы (таблица 6), которые следует принимать во внимание при проектировании медицинских учреждений, однако на укрупненном уровне отслеживать фактические количества часто бывает нереально. В нескольких странах мониторинг достаточности воды проводится на основе мнений медицинских работников. Смягчить негативное воздействие кратковременных перебоев, преодолеть сезонные дефициты и повысить устойчивость к последствиям изменения климата может помочь создание запасов воды, однако емкость резервуаров для хранения запасов не всегда бывает достаточной. Например, в 2016 г. в Бутане резервуар для хранения воды был у 82% больниц, но 39% учреждений каждый год сталкиваются с острой нехваткой или отсутствием воды. В Камбодже в 2010 г. резервуар для хранения воды был у 78% медицинских учреждений, но более половины (51%) в течение всего года не имели достаточного количества воды. На Западном берегу реки Иордан и в секторе Газа в 2014 г. 15% медицинских учреждений полагались на запасы воды либо как на свой основной источник, либо как на дополнение к водопроводной системе. Питьевая вода Важной частью консервативного лечения (например, прием лекарственных препаратов), процесса выздоровления и поддержания здоровья является потребление воды. Вода доставляет клеткам питательные вещества, обеспечивает 31 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. защиту органов и помогает вымывать из организма отходы жизнедеятельности. Особенно большие количества питьевой воды могут требоваться женщинам во время родов и грудного вскармливания. Медицинские учреждения, особенно те из них, в которых предоставляются услуги стационара, должны обеспечивать достаточные количества безопасной питьевой воды своим пациентам, персоналу и посетителям, но это удается не всегда. Например, в Бангладеш в 79% больниц был улучшенный источник воды, расположенный в помещении, для общих целей, но только в 59% была питьевая вода для пациентов и для персонала из сравнимого источника (рис. 24). ТИП МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ МИНИМАЛЬНОЕ ТРЕБУЕМОЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВО ВОДЫ Амбулаторное 5 литров/консультация Стационарное 40–60 литров/пациент/день Стационарный центр лечебного кормления 60 литров/пациент/день Центр лечения холеры 60 литров/пациент/день Изолятор для больных тяжелыми острыми респираторными заболеваниями 100 литров/пациент/день Операционная или родильное отделение 100 литров/вмешательство Изолятор для больных вирусной геморрагической лихорадкой 300–400 литров/пациент/день ТАБЛИЦА 6 Минимальные количества воды, необходимые в медицинских учреждениях различных типов31 В Бангладеш было меньше больниц, в которых была питьевая вода для пациентов и персонала, чем больниц, в которых была вода для общих целей РИС. 24 Доля больниц в Бангладеш, в которых имелась вода для общих целей и питьевая вода для пациентов и для персонала, по типам и расположению источников (по данным Национального обследования исходного состояния гигиены 2014 г., n=875) (%) ■ ЛЮБОЙ ИСТОЧНИК ВОДЫ ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ВОДЫ ■ РАСПОЛОЖЕН В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ Вода для общих целей Питьевая вода для персонала Питьевая вода для пациентов 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 97 79 97 78 59 96 76 59 26 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Безопасная санитария – это право человека. Услуги санитарии в медицинских учреждениях являются важным условием предоставления высококачественной помощи и улучшения здоровья, повышения благополучия и обеспечения человеческого достоинства пациентов и персонала, что в конечном итоге приводит к улучшению показателей здоровья населения. Неудовлетворительный уровень санитарии в медицинских учреждениях может приводить к тому, что люди не будут обращаться за медико-санитарной помощью, когда она им потребуется, и может снижать степень удовлетворенности медицинских работников своей работой. У пациентов может быть ограничена подвижность или им могут требоваться специальные приспособления, облегчающие безопасное и удобное пользование туалетами после хирургической операции или родоразрешения. Главным источником бактерий, вирусов и паразитов, вызывающих диарейные болезни (включая холеру и шигеллез), а также многие другие инфекционные болезни, являются фекалии. Больные люди выделяют в своих фекалиях гораздо больше патогенных микроорганизмов, чем здоровые. У людей, обращающихся за помощью в медицинские учреждения, часто бывает ослаблена иммунная система, и они особенно уязвимы для заражения фекальными патогенными микроорганизмами. Подвергаться риску воздействия фекальных микроорганизмов на работе могут также медицинские работники. Для того, чтобы фекальные микроорганизмы не могли заражать среду в медицинском учреждении или окружающую их территорию, особенно важно организовать гигиеничное обращение с экскрементами при оказании медико-санитарной помощи. Предложенная СПМ иерархическая лестница услуг санитарии позволяет классифицировать медицинские учреждения как имеющие базовый уровень услуг, ограниченный уровень услуг или не получающие услуг (отсутствие услуг) (рис. 25). При базовом уровне услуг в медицинских учреждениях должны быть пригодные для пользования туалеты или уборные, но эти санитарно-технические сооружения также должны быть доступными и удовлетворять потребности разных категорий пользователей – персонала и посетителей, женщин и мужчин и лиц с ограниченной подвижностью. В данной главе приводятся примеры мониторинга важных аспектов услуг санитарии сверх базового уровня, таких как чистота туалетов и системы очистки и удаления экскрементов, которые не являются объектом мониторинга во всем мире из-за ограниченности данных. 27 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. САНИТАРИЯ Базовый уровень услуг Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения32 пригодны для пользования, причем как минимум один туалет предназначен для персонала, как минимум один туалет разделен на мужской и женский, в котором есть условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, и как минимум один туалет приспособлен для людей с ограниченной подвижностью. Ограниченный уровень услуг Имеется как минимум одно улучшенное санитарно-техническое сооружение, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Отсутствие услуг Туалетные сооружения являются неулучшенными (например, уборные с выгребной ямой без напольной плиты или помоста, подвесные уборные или уборные с отхожим ведром), или в учреждении совсем нет туалетов или уборных. РИС. 25 Иерархическая лестница базовых услуг санитарии для медицинских учреждений В 2017 г. в Ливане было проведено обследование состояния WASH в организованной среде и в общественных местах (рис. 26). В результате оценки было установлено, что почти во всех центрах общественного здоровья (96%) имелось то или иное санитарно-техническое сооружение. Однако лишь 83% 32 Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения – это сооружения, предназначенные для гигиеничного отделения человеческих экскрементов от контакта с человеком. К ним относятся санитарно-технические сооружения влажного типа, такие как туалеты со смывом и со смывом вручную, подведенные к канализационным коллекторам, септиктенкам или уборным с выгребной ямой, и сооружения сухого типа, такие как сухие уборные с выгребной ямой с напольной плитой и компостирующие туалеты. В тех случаях, когда в обследованиях медицинских учреждений используют родовой термин "туалеты", СПМ классифицирует такие сооружения как улучшенные. 33 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon (доклад, представленный в ЮНИСЕФ в ноябре 2017 г.). имели улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения, а остальные 17% были классифицированы как учреждения, в которых услуги санитарии отсутствовали. Во всех центрах общественного здоровья, в которых были улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения, туалеты были пригодны для пользования и в большинстве случаев были отдельные туалеты, предназначенные для женщин и для мужчин и для персонала. Но в относительно немногих туалетах были предусмотрены условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и еще меньше было туалетов, доступных для пользователей с ограниченной подвижностью. Обследование в Ливане является одним из немногих, в которых имелись данные по всем элементам базовых услуг санитарии на уровне учреждения. В результате этого обследования было установлено, что всем критериям удовлетворяют только 5% медицинских учреждений. Однако, поскольку в большинстве случаев информация о различных элементах базового уровня услуг санитарии поступает из разных источников, показатель базовых услуг не всегда можно рассчитать на уровне отдельно взятого медицинского учреждения. Для целей глобального мониторинга СПМ рассчитывает показатель базового уровня услуг на основании наименьшей из агрегированных величин для каждого элемента, каковой в случае Ливана является доступность для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью, составляющая 16%. РИС. 26 Доля центров общественного здоровья по типам и уровням услуг санитарии, Ливан, 2017 г.33 (%) Иллюстрация выстраивания иерархической лестницы услуг санитарии: Ливан ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Лю бо е с оо ру же ни е Ул уч ше нн ое Ул уч ше нн ое и пр иго дн ое дл я п ол ьзо ва ни я Ул уч ше нн ое и пр ед на зн ач ен но е дл я п ер со на ла Ул уч ше нн ое и пр ед на зн ач ен но е дл я ж ен щи н Ул уч ше нн ое и да ет во зм ож но сть со бл юд ать тр еб ов ан ия ги гие ны во вр ем я м ен стр уа ци и Ул уч ше нн ое и до сту пн о д ля ли ц с о гра ни че нн ой по дв иж но сть ю Ие ра рх ич ес ка я л ес тн иц а у сл уг 100 80 60 40 20 0 96 83 83 70 59 16 66 18 16 31 28 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛУГ САНИТАРИИ Данные о доле медицинских учреждений, в которых услуги санитарии отсутствуют, имелись по 65 странам, совокупное население которых составляет 59% населения земного шара, и этого было достаточно для того, чтобы рассчитать глобальную оценку. Также можно было рассчитать глобальную оценку доли медицинских учреждений с улучшенными и пригодными для пользования санитарно-техническими сооружениями (48 стран с совокупным населением 35% населения земного шара). Однако намного меньше стран имели достаточно данных для того, чтобы можно было рассчитать долю медицинских учреждений с санитарно-техническими сооружениями, предназначенными для женщин (19 стран с совокупным населением 0,5 млрд человек), долю учреждений с отдельными туалетами для персонала и туалетами, приспособленными для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью (в каждом случае 17 стран с совокупным населением 0,4 млрд человек), и долю учреждений с раздельными туалетами для мужчин и для женщин, в которых есть условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации (СТГМ) (десять стран с совокупным населением 0,2 млрд человек). Оценки базового уровня услуг санитарии имелись только по 18 странам с совокупным населением 7% населения земного шара (рис. 27). Более чем в одном из пяти медицинских учреждений во всем мире (21%) услуги санитарии в 2016 г. отсутствовали (рис. 28), т.е. в них были неулучшенные туалеты или совсем не было никаких туалетов. Это означает, что пользоваться услугами санитарии в своем медицинском учреждении не могли более 1,5 млрд человек. Оценки базового уровня услуг санитарии в 2016 г. имелись по 18 странам с совокупным населением 0,5 млрд человек РИС. 27 Охват данными об услугах санитарии в медицинских учреждениях, по отдельным показателям, число стран и население, по которым имеются данные (млрд человек), 2016 г. Базовый уровень услуг (n=18) Улучшенные и есть условия для СТГМ (n=10) Улучшенные и приспособлены для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью (n=17) Улучшенные и предназначенные для персонала (n=17) Улучшенные и раздельные для мужчин и для женщин (n=19) Улучшенные и пригодные для пользования (n=48) Услуги отсутствуют (n=65) Любые данные (n=70) 0,5 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,5 2,4 4,4 4,4 29 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Оценки отсутствия услуг санитарии имелись в четырех условных регионах ЦУР – от 5% в Восточной и Юго- Восточной Азии до 40% в Центральной и Южной Азии. В Африке к югу от Сахары (единственном регионе ЦУР, по которому имелись оценки базового уровня) базовый уровень услуг имелся менее чем в одном из четырех медицинских учреждений (23%). Для расчета каких-либо региональных оценок по остальным четырем условным регионам ЦУР данных было недостаточно. Охват базовыми услугами санитарии в 18 странах, по которым в 2016 г. имелись оценки, колебался в широких пределах (рис. 29). В десяти из этих стран базовый уровень услуг санитарии был менее чем в одном из четырех медицинских учреждений. Во всем мире в 2016 г. услуги санитарии отсутствовали в 21% медицинских учреждений РИС. 28 Услуги санитарии в медицинских учреждениях по регионам и во всем мире, 2016 г. (%) 23 41 29 5 40 21 21 45 14 24 32 48 На им ен ее ра зв ит ые ст ра ны Ра зв ив аю щи ес я с тр ан ы, не им ею щи е в ых од а к мо рю Ав стр ал ия и Но ва я З ел ан ди я Во сто чн ая и Ю го- Во сто чн ая Аз ия Ок еа ни я Се ве рн ая Аф ри ка и За па дн ая Аз ия Се ве рн ая Ам ер ик а и Ев ро па Ла ти нс ка я А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й б ас се йн Це нтр аль на я и Ю жн ая Аз ия Аф ри ка к ю гу от Са хар ы Ма лы е о стр ов ны е ра зви ваю щи еся го суд ар ств а Во вс ем ми ре 100 80 60 40 20 0 ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО■ Оценки базового уровня услуг санитарии в 2016 г. имелись по 18 странам РИС. 29 Услуги санитарии в медицинских учреждениях в странах, по которым в 2016 г. имелись оценки базового уровня услуг ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Ку ве йт Че хи я Че рн ог ор ия С ер би я Э ф ио пи я Аз ер ба йд ж ан Ар м ен ия П ар аг ва й Зи м ба бв е Л ив ан М ал ьд ив ы Н иг ер ия Уг ан да П ер у О бъ ед ин ен на я Р ес пу бл ик а Та нз ан ия Л иб ер ия Ко м ор ск ие О ст ро ва Го нд ур ас 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 95 85 73 59 48 41 26 16 15 12 12 7 5 17 3 2 1 5 15 27 24 17 52 19 40 62 12 18 66 85 41 47 79 9 10 83 49 46 83 24 73 49 49 95 4 30 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Улучшенные и пригодные для пользования Одним из признаков в определении базового уровня услуг санитарии является то, что в медицинских учреждениях должны быть улучшенные и пригодные для пользования санитарно-технические сооружения. «Улучшенные» санитарно- технические сооружения предназначены для гигиеничного отделения экскрементов от контакта с человеком. К улучшенным сооружениям относятся как системы влажного типа (туалеты со смывом/со смывом вручную, подведенные к трубным канализационным системам, септиктенкам или уборным с выгребной ямой) и сухие системы (вентилируемые улучшенные уборные с выгребной ямой, сухие уборные с выгребной ямой с напольной плитой или компостирующие туалеты).34 К «неулучшенным» сооружениям относятся уборные с выгребной ямой без напольной плиты или помоста, подвесные уборные и уборные с отхожим ведром. Между странами существуют большие различия в используемых санитарно-технических сооружениях и технологиях (рис. 30). Так, в Сенегале в большинстве медицинских учреждений имеются системы с использованием воды и местными септиктенками, тогда как в Бангладеш примерно одинаковый процент медицинских учреждений имеют туалеты, подведенные к канализационной системе, септиктенки и уборные с выгребной ямой. Напротив, на Гаити, в Малави и в Объединенной Республике Танзания больше распространены сухие уборные. 34 Дополнительную информацию и иллюстрации различных типов улучшенных санитарно-технических сооружения см. в Кратких технических описаниях систем санитарии, приведенных в публикации Всемирной организации здравоохранения "Руководство по обеспечению санитарии и охраны здоровья", ВОЗ, Женева, 2018 г. https://apps.who.int/ iris/bitstream/handle/10665/310994/9789244514702-rus.pdf?ua=1. 35 Joseph G, Alam BB, Islam K, et al., Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Bangladesh’s Community Health Clinics, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Bank, Dhaka, 2018. Иногда туалеты в медицинских учреждениях имеются, но они непригодны для пользования. Для того, чтобы быть пригодными для пользования, туалеты должны быть доступными, быть в исправном состоянии и обеспечивать уединение. Туалеты могут существовать, но быть недоступными для пациентов и персонала, если они расположены за пределами помещения или прилегающей территории или если они заперты, а ключ невозможно получить в любое время суток. Туалеты могут быть неисправными: могут быть забиты канализационная труба или отверстие в туалете или оттуда могут вытекать нечистоты, или же верхнее строение туалета может быть поломано или протекает. Туалеты со смывом/со смывом вручную считаются неисправными, если там нет воды. Туалеты можно считать непригодными для пользования, когда они не обеспечивают уединения, т. е. в них нет закрывающихся дверей, которые запираются изнутри, а в стенах имеются большие щели или дыры. На рис. 31 показано, что, хотя в большинстве медицинских учреждений имеются улучшенные туалеты, они не всегда пригодны для пользования. Например, в Бангладеш в 2017 г. в ходе общенациональной оценки35 99% общинных медпунктов сообщили о наличии как минимум одного туалета, но более 28% отметили, что у них нет исправного туалета. Это показывает, насколько сложно бывает не просто построить санитарно- техническую инфраструктуру в медицинских учреждениях, а и содержать туалеты в исправном состоянии, чтобы пациенты и персонал могли пользоваться ими, когда нужно. Между странами существуют большие различия в типах санитарно-технических сооружений, используемых в медицинских учреждениях РИС. 30 Инфраструктура санитарии, используемая в медицинских учреждениях, по данным некоторых обследований SPA, 2013–17 гг. (%) ■ ОТВЕТ НЕ ПОЛУЧЕН ■ СООРУЖЕНИЯ НЕТ ТУАЛЕТ С ОТХОЖИМ ВЕДРОМ УБОРНАЯ С ВЫГРЕБНОЙ ЯМОЙ БЕЗ НАПОЛЬНОЙ ПЛИТЫ/ОТКРЫТАЯ ВЫГРЕБНАЯ ЯМА В ОТКРЫТУЮ ДРЕНАЖНУЮ КАНАВУ ■ ВЕНТИЛИРУЕМАЯ УЛУЧШЕННАЯ УБОРНАЯ С ВЫГРЕБНОЙ ЯМОЙ ■ ПОДВЕСНОЙ ТУАЛЕТ/ПОДВЕСНАЯ УБОРНАЯ ■ СДВОЕННЫЕ ВЫГРЕБНЫЕ ЯМЫ С НАПОЛЬНОЙ ПЛИТОЙ ■ КОМПОСТИРУЮЩИЙ ТУАЛЕТ ■ СМЫВ НЕИЗВЕСТНО КУДА ■ СМЫВ В УБОРНУЮ С ВЫГРЕБНОЙ ЯМОЙ ■ СМЫВ В СЕПТИКТЕНКИ ■ СМЫВ В ТРУБНУЮ КАНАЛИЗАЦИОННУЮ СИСТЕМУ ■ УБОРНАЯ С ВЫГРЕБНОЙ ЯМОЙ С НАПОЛЬНОЙ ПЛИТОЙ 100 80 60 40 20 Бангладеш (2014) Малави (2014) Объединенная Республика Танзания (2015) Сенегал (2017)Гаити (2013) 0 ■ ■ ■ 31 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Базовый уровень услуг санитарии не ограничивается простым наличием пригодных для пользования туалетов, а требует, чтобы туалеты были доступны для разных категорий пользователей. • Отдельные туалеты в медицинских учреждениях должны быть выделены для персонала, чтобы уменьшить риск инфекций, особенно во время вспышек инфекционных болезней. • Женщины и мужчины должны иметь возможность пользоваться туалетами в условиях уединенности. Чаще всего такая возможность обеспечивается устройством раздельных туалетов для женщин и для мужчин. Однако, особенно в небольших учреждениях, раздельным туалетом может также считаться гендерно-нейтральное туалетное помещение с одним унитазом индивидуального пользования, так как оно позволяет женщинам и мужчинам пользоваться таким туалетом уединенно и раздельно. • В туалетах, предназначенных для женщин и девочек, также должны быть обеспечены условия и приспособления для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации. В них должна быть урна с крышкой для выбрасывания предметов гигиены, использованных во время менструации, а в закрытом от посторонних глаз месте для омовений должны быть вода и мыло. Улучшенные туалеты не всегда бывают пригодны для пользования РИС. 31 Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенными санитарно- техническими сооружениями и улучшенными и пригодными для пользования сооружениями в странах, по которым в 2016 г. имелись данные (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я со ор уж ен ия Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения 32 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ • Туалеты должны быть доступны для пациентов с ограниченной подвижностью и соответствовать установленным в стране стандартам. В отсутствие государственных стандартов туалеты должны соответствовать следующим требованиям: должна быть возможность зайти в них без лестниц или ступенек, ширина двери в них должна быть не менее 80 см, к полу или стенам должны быть приделаны перила или иные направляющие устройства. Дверная ручка и сиденье должны быть в пределах досягаемости для людей, пользующихся инвалидной коляской или костылями/палками для ходьбы. Таким образом, для того, чтобы соответствовать критериям базового уровня услуг санитарии, в медицинском учреждении должно быть не менее двух туалетов: один для персонала и один гендерно-нейтральный туалет для пациентов, в котором предусмотрены условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и который доступен для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью. В настоящее время многие страны собирают информацию не о всех элементах базового уровня услуг санитарии (рис. 32). Для того, чтобы по максимуму использовать имеющиеся данные, СПМ для целей настоящего доклада подготовила расчетные оценки базового уровня услуг санитарии в тех случаях, когда имеются данные об улучшенных и пригодных к пользованию туалетах и хотя бы о двух из четырех остальных элементов (туалеты для персонала, раздельные для женщин и для мужчин, условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и доступность для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью). Поскольку данные об этих элементах могут поступать из разных источников, базовый уровень услуг рассчитывается как наименьшая из агрегированных величин для элементов, по которым имеются данные. Этот ограничивающий фактор в разных странах разный; чаще всего наименьшей величиной является наличие туалетов, доступных для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью, однако на Мальдивах меньше оказалось раздельных туалетов для женщин и мужчин. Данные об условиях для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации отсутствуют часто, но ограничивающим фактором это было на Коморских Островах. В Азербайджане, Парагвае, Чехии и Эфиопии не было данных о доступности туалетов для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью, поэтому в этих странах оценка охвата базовыми услугами санитарии могла быть завышенной. Во многих странах в 2016 г. были данные не обо всех элементах базового уровня услуг санитарии РИС. 32 Доля медицинских учреждений с элементами базового уровня санитарии среди стран, по которым в 2016 г. имелись оценки (%) Страна Сооружение Улучшенное и пригодное для пользования и отдельное для персонала и раздельное для женщин и для мужчин и с условиями для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и доступное для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью Базовый уровень Кувейт 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Чехия 100 100 100 98 95 95 - 95 Черногория 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 85 Сербия 100 100 100 100 100 73 73 73 Эфиопия 96 76 76 71 59 - - 59 Азербайджан 100 100 98 48 100 100 - 48 Армения - 81 62 87 42 42 41 41 Парагвай 100 88 63 31 26 - - 26 Зимбабве 100 100 72 89 97 32 17 17 Ливан 96 83 83 70 59 31 16 16 Мальдивы 100 100 99 80 15 30 57 15 Нигерия 84 59 49 46 - 31 12 12 Уганда 100 91 88 - 28 - 12 12 Перу 97 90 83 86 64 - 7 7 Объединенная Республика Танзания 99 51 51 5 36 - 5 5 Либерия 76 76 76 31 54 - 3 3 Коморские Острова - 51 38 43 9 2 7 2 Гондурас 100 96 84 78 70 - 1 1 33 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. В 2016 г. оценки наличия улучшенных санитарно-технических сооружений имелись по 65 странам РИС. 33 Охват медицинских учреждений улучшенными санитарно-техническими сооружениями, 2016 г. (%) Демократическая Республика Конго Коморские Острова Объединенная Республика Танзания Мозамбик Гвинея-Биссау Нигерия Чад Того Сомали Эфиопия Либерия Мавритания Гана Сьерра-Леоне Кения Нигер Сенегал Малави Намибия Уганда Бенин Южный Судан Бурунди Замбия Буркина-Фасо Джибути Конго Зимбабве Сейшельские Острова Индия Непал Шри-Ланка Бангладеш Мальдивы Папуа–Новая Гвинея Армения Ливан Ливия Западный берег р. Иордан и сектор Газа Азербайджан Кувейт Гаити Парагвай Перу Боливия (Многонациональное Государство) Гондурас Антигуа и Барбуда Барбадос Гренада Сент-Люсия Сент-Винсент и Гренадины Мьянма Индонезия Филиппины Вьетнам Тимор-Лешти Китай Камбоджа Сербия Андорра Чехия Эстония Литва Черногория Сан-Марино 0 20 40 60 80 100 82 88 90 93 96 100 100 100 100 100 ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН 41 51 51 57 59 59 73 75 76 76 76 80 83 85 86 87 88 89 91 91 91 92 93 93 94 95 98 100 100 АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА 81 83 95 100 100 100 СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ 55 92 93 93 100 ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ 84 87 95 96 97 97 98 ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ 68ОКЕАНИЯ 34 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА САНИТАРИИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Как и в случае услуг водоснабжения, государства должны сами установить для себя нормативы по услугам санитарии в медицинских учреждениях. Показатели для глобального мониторинга включают критерии базового уровня услуг санитарии, но не охватывают таких важных аспектов санитарии, как достаточное число туалетов, обращение с фекальным шламом, чистота туалетов и дополнительные подробности, касающиеся соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации. В медицинских учреждениях, где базовый уровень услуг уже достигнут, услуги санитарии все равно могут нуждаться в улучшении. В зависимости от национальных приоритетов и имеющихся ресурсов следует разрабатывать дополнительные показатели, соответствующие более высоким уровням услуг, и осуществлять их мониторинг. Число туалетов Глобальный показатель базового уровня услуг санитарии может быть достигнут, если в амбулаторных учреждениях будет не менее двух туалетов (один туалет для персонала и один гендерно- нейтральный для пациентов, в котором имеются условия для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и который доступен для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью). Для небольшого медицинского учреждения, оказывающего только амбулаторные услуги, двух туалетов может быть и достаточно, но в более крупных учреждениях нужно иметь больше туалетов. Согласно мировым нормам, в стационарных учреждениях должно быть не менее одного туалета на 20 пользователей, и при этом рекомендуется, чтобы туалет находился на удалении не более 30 метров от всех пользователей.36 В Нигерии среднее число туалетов на одно медицинское учреждение в городах выше, чем в сельской местности (рис. 34), и это относится как к туалетам для пациентов, так и к туалетам для персонала. Но городские учреждения больше, там среднее число работников составляет 16 человек, тогда как в сельских учреждениях в среднем работает по семь медицинских работников. Подведение к канализационной системе Многие больницы и другие крупные медицинские учреждения, особенно в городах подведены к городским канализационным 36 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. 37 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Руководство по обеспечению санитарии и охраны здоровья. ВОЗ, Женева, 2018 г. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand le/10665/310994/9789244514702-rus.pdf?ua=1. системам. Из 20 стран, в которых имелись данные о подведении больниц к канализационным системам, в четырех странах были подведены все больницы, в 11 странах – менее половины больниц, а в семи странах – менее четверти больниц (рис. 35). ВСТАВКА 4 Санитария и устойчивость к противомикробным препаратам в медицинских учреждениях37 Всемирная организация здравоохранения определила устойчивость патогенных для человека микроорганизмов к противомикробным препаратам (УПП) как одну из главных глобальных угроз здоровью людей. Важнейшим источником генов резистентности к антибиотикам являются резервуары в окружающей среде. Особенно высокий риск создают сточные воды и фекальный шлам, образующиеся в медицинских учреждениях, поскольку они содержат высокие концентрации антибиотиков, резистентных патогенов и генов резистентности. К попаданию антибиотиков, резистентных патогенных микроорганизмов и генов резистентности в резервуары в окружающей среде и, следовательно, к повышению устойчивости к противомикробным препаратам могут приводить открытая дефекация, выбросы неочищенных сточных вод и утечки из местных систем санитарии в медицинских учреждениях. В Нигерии в среднем сельском медицинском учреждении был один туалет для пациентов РИС. 34 Среднее число туалетов на одно медицинское учреждение в Нигерии (WASH NORM, 2018) 5 4 3 2 1 0 В городах (N=110) В сельской местности (N=257) ■ ТУАЛЕТЫ ДЛЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА ■ ТУАЛЕТЫ ДЛЯ ПАЦИЕНТОВ 3,8 4,5 1,7 1,1 35 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. В 11 из 20 стран, по которым имелись данные, к канализационной системе были подведены менее половины больниц РИС. 35 Доля больниц с подведением к канализационной системе, по странам (2003–18 гг.) (%) Го нд ур ас М ар ок ко П ер у С ан -М ар ин о За м би я Л ес от о Уг ан да Кы рг ыз ст ан Ке ни я П ар аг ва й Га на М оз ам би к Ба нг ла де ш О бъ ед ин ен на я Ре сп уб ли ка Та нз ан ия М ал ав и Н еп ал Га ит и С ен ег ал П ап уа –Н ов ая Гв ин ея Ру ан да 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 100 100 100 75 64 58 55 53 44 37 7 33 28 22 21 18 17 16 0 0 Фекальный шлам из базовых медицинских центров в Афганистане в основном используется в качестве удобрения 65 1 <1 22 5 3 4 ■ ИСПОЛЬЗУЕТСЯ В КАЧЕСТВЕ УДОБРЕНИЯ ■ ЗАКАПЫВАЕТСЯ ЗА ПРЕДЕЛАМИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЕТСЯ В ДРУГОЕ МЕСТО ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЕТСЯ НЕПОДАЛЕКУ ЗА ПРЕДЕЛАМИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ ■ УБОРНАЯ НИКОГДА НЕ ОПОРОЖНЯЕТСЯ ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЕТСЯ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ЦЕНТРА ■ ЗАКАПЫВАЕТСЯ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РИС. 36 Применение разных методов удаления фекального шлама в базовых медицинских центрах в Афганистане, 2009 г. (%)38 38 Ministry of Public Health (Islamic Republic of Afghanistan), Report for Baseline Study on Water Sanitation Services and Hygiene Practices in Basic Health Centres and Health Care Facilities, UNICEF and MoPH, Kabul, 2009. 39 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Безопасное управление отходами медико-санитарной деятельности. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. http://apps.who.int/iris/ bitstream/10665/259684/1/WHO-FWC-WSH-17.05-rus.pdf?ua=1. Обращение с фекальным шламом Учреждения, не подведенные к канализационной системе, должны сами организовывать обращение с экскрементами, собираемыми в местных системах санитарии, таких как септиктенки и уборные с выгребной ямой. Современные установки очистки сточных вод на месте способны обеспечить самую высокую степень очистки. Однако при плохой организации обращения с экскрементами из местных систем медицинские учреждения могут превратиться в центры передачи болезней, особенно там, где большую тревогу вызывают такие болезни, как холера. В сточных водах и фекальном шламе из медицинских учреждений обычно содержатся высокие концентрации опасных биологических и химических загрязнителей, а также остатков противомикробных препаратов, поэтому эти стоки и шлам ни в коем случае нельзя повторно использовать в сельском хозяйстве.39 Однако контроль за тем, 36 УС ЛУ ГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Туалеты в медицинских учреждениях в Лесото не всегда приемлемы для пациентов ■ НЕДОВОЛЕН ■ НЕ ОЧЕНЬ ДОВОЛЕН ■ ОТЧАСТИ ДОВОЛЕН ■ ОЧЕНЬ ДОВОЛЕН ■ ТУАЛЕТОМ НЕ ПОЛЬЗОВАЛСЯ ■ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЕ МНЕНИЕ 65 35 24 6 куда в конечном счете попадают сточные воды и фекальный шлам из медицинских учреждений, ведется редко, и в некоторых ситуациях широко распространено повторное использование. Проведенная в 2009 г. оценка в Афганистане показала, что две трети базовых медицинских центров используют фекальные отходы в качестве удобрения (рис. 36). Удовлетворенность пациентов Если пациенты считают, что туалеты в медицинском учреждении находятся в неприемлемом состоянии, они могут избегать пользования ими (или вообще решат не обращаться в такое учреждение). Это может привести к открытой дефекации или к тому, что люди будут воздерживаться от отправления своих потребностей, что приведет к таким последствиям, как недержание или инфекции мочевых путей. Проведенная в 2011 г. в Лесото оценка мнений пациентов о туалетах в медицинских учреждениях показала низкие уровни удовлетворенности пациентов, которые пользовались туалетами, о чем они сами и сообщали (рис. 37). Есть много причин, по которым пациенты могут быть недовольны туалетами в медицинских учреждениях, например, недостаточные чистота, уединенность и доступность, плохое освещение, отсутствие условий для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и мест, где можно перепеленать ребенка. Причины недовольства часто связаны с конкретными обстоятельствами. РИС. 37 Распределение пациентов по степени пользования и удовлетворенности туалетами в медицинских учреждениях в Лесото, 2011 г., n=639 (%)40 40 ICON-INSTITUT, Lesotho Health Facilities Survey, ICON-INSTITUT Public Health Sector GmbH, 2011. 41 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. Чистота туалетов Пациенты и персонал охотнее пользуются чистыми туалетами и ценят их. И наоборот, грязные туалеты могут приводить к передаче болезней между пользователями, особенно вследствие того, что люди, пользующиеся туалетами в медицинских учреждениях, могут выделять большое количество патогенных микроорганизмов. Восприятия чистоты субъективны, и страны оценивают мнения пациентов о чистоте туалетов по-разному. Например, при обследовании удовлетворенности пациентов в 2018 г. в Ирландии средняя оценка пациентами чистоты туалетов была 8,4 по десятибалльной системе. В некоторых странах мониторинг чистоты туалетов в медицинских учреждениях ведут специально обученные лица – счетчики (рис. 38). Однако определения показателей чистоты бывают разные, поэтому для сравнения между странами требуется дальнейшая гармонизация определений. Например, при оценке на Филиппинах туалеты классифицировались как чистые, если в них наблюдались чистые унитазы, стены, пол и потолок. В обследовании в Ливане считалось, что туалеты в медицинском учреждении чистые, если там не было сильного запаха, значительного количества мух или видимых следов фекалий. Туалеты признавались «довольно чистыми», если в некоторых, но не во всех туалетах ощущался определенный запах и/или были видны следы фекалий. А при обследовании в Непале за наблюдаемую чистоту просто выставлялись оценки: «очень хорошо», «хорошо», «удовлетворительно», «плохо» или «очень плохо», без каких-либо дальнейших определений. Мировыми стандартами для медицинских учреждений рекомендуется, чтобы в туалетах производилась уборка каждый раз, когда они становятся грязными, но не реже двух раз в день и с использованием дезинфицирующего средства и щетки.41 В Ливане в 81% учреждений уборка туалетов производилась не менее двух раз в день, а в 78% учреждений были чистые туалеты. В Бутане две трети больниц производили уборку туалетов в стационарных отделениях не реже двух раз в день, а в амбулаторных отделениях и в отделениях врачебных консультаций туалеты убирались не реже двух раз в день примерно в половине и в одной трети больниц, соответственно (рис. 39). В проведенной в 2016 г. оценке в Танзании приводились сообщения о том, что пользователи оставляли после себя грязные туалеты, и подчеркивалось, что помимо уборки и поддержания общей гигиены необходимо вести просветительскую работу и повышать уровень информированности среди пользователей. Условия и услуги, необходимые для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации Виды условий и услуг, необходимых для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, зависят от конкретных обстоятельств. Одни женщины для сбора менструальной крови пользуются одноразовыми изделиями, такими как тампоны и прокладки, другие используют многоразовые материалы, 37 УС ЛУГИ С А Н И ТА РИ И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. такие как ткани или менструальные чашечки. Медицинские учреждения должны быть в состоянии удовлетворить потребности пользователей с различными предпочтениями в отношении соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации. Базовый уровень услуг санитарии предполагает наличие урны для выбрасывания одноразовых предметов гигиены при менструации и наличие уединенного места для омовений, в котором имеются мыло и вода, однако некоторые страны осуществляют мониторинг дополнительных аспектов соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации в соответствии с местными потребностями и приоритетами. Например, более трети медицинских учреждений в Ливане в 2016 г. предоставляли базовые условия и средства для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации, включая воду и мыло, уединенность и закрывающиеся урны для выбрасывания предметов гигиены; меньше учреждений предоставляли дополнительные услуги, такие как обучение безопасному удалению гигиенических прокладок (рис. 40). В 2018 г. Британская ассоциация врачей провела исследование, в результате которого выяснилось, что только 56% больничных трастов и советов по здравоохранению в Соединенном Королевстве предоставляют пациенткам гигиенические изделия в порядке обычной практики, а еще 29% предоставляют такие изделия в экстренных случаях.42 В ответ на это утверждение Национальная служба здравоохранения Англии указала, что к лету 2019 г. больницы будут обязаны предоставлять бесплатные гигиенические изделия любому пациенту, которому они потребуются. 42 British Medical Association, ‘Sanitary product provision for inpatients’, 4 February 2019, BMA, London, 2019, <www.bma.org.uk/collective-voice/policy-and-research/public-and- population-health/sanitary-product-provision-for-inpatients>, accessed 13 March 2019. 43 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. РИС. 40 Доля медицинских учреждений в Ливане, предоставляющих различные виды услуг и условий для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации (2016 г., n=166) (%)43 Туалеты в медицинских учреждениях не всегда бывают чистыми РИС. 38 Доля медицинских учреждений с чистыми туалетами, по странам (определения в разных странах разные) (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 Л ив ан (2 01 6) О бъ ед ин ен на я Ре сп уб ли ка Та нз ан ия (2 01 4) Н иг ер ия (2 01 8) Ф ил ип пи ны (2 01 4) Н еп ал * (2 01 2) ■ ТУАЛЕТОВ НЕТ ■ НЕ ЧИСТЫЕ ■ ЧИСТЫЕ ■ ОТЧАСТИ ЧИСТЫЕ * Только больницы 78 17 70 16 59 20 31 43 19 35 42 34 23 6 1611 34 1 В Бутане уборка туалетов в стационарных отделениях производилась чаще, чем в отделениях для амбулаторных больных РИС. 39 Частота уборки туалетов в Бутане по типам отделений в больницах (Национальная оценка, 2016 г., n=28) (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 Ст ац ио на рн ое от де ле ни е Ам бу ла то рн ое от де ле ни е Ка би не т дл я ко нс ул ьт ир ов ан ия ■ МЕНЕЕ РАЗА В ДЕНЬ ■ РАЗ В ДЕНЬ ■ ДВА РАЗА В ДЕНЬ ■ БОЛЕЕ ТРЕХ РАЗ ■ ТРИ РАЗА В ДЕНЬ 4 4 4 74 21 43 29 4 11 39 43 21 43 25 В Ливане ведется мониторинг нескольких аспектов соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации в медицинских учреждениях 100 Во да и м ыл о в ж ен ск их т уа ле та х Критерии оценки базовых услуг Дополнительные критерии Уе ди не нн ос ть в ж ен ск их т уа ле та х Ур ны с к ры ш ко й дл я вы бр ас ыв ан ия П ре до ст ав ле ни е об ез бо ли ва ю щ их ср ед ст в Ги ги ен ич ес ки е пр ок ла дк и дл я эк ст ре нн ых с лу ча ев О бу че ни е ж ен щ ин бе зо па сн ом у уд ал ен ию ги ги ен ич ес ки х п ро кл ад ок 80 60 40 20 0 47 43 35 27 24 16 38 О БЕ С П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТР ЕБ О ВА Н И Й Г И ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 44 Подробнее см. Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Руководство по гигиене рук в здравоохранении. Всемирная организация здравоохранения, Женева, 2009 г. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70126/21/WHO_IER_PSP_2009.07_rus.pdf. 45 Всемирная организация здравоохранения, Руководство по внедрению Мультимодальной стратегии ВОЗ по улучшению гигиены рук, ВОЗ, Женева, 2009 г., <https://www.who. int/gpsc/5may/tools/ru/>. 46 Приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи считаются функционирующими, когда там имеются либо антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе, либо вода и мыло. Если используется антисептик, медицинский персонал, перемещаясь между местами оказания медицинской помощи, может носить с собой дозатор. Приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в туалетах считаются функционирующими, когда в пределах пяти метров от туалетов имеются вода и мыло. Антисептика на спиртовой основе для соблюдения гигиены рук в туалете недостаточно, т.к. он не удаляет с рук фекалии. В 1847 году венгерский акушер Игнац Земмельвейс обнаружил, что причиной шокирующих показателей материнской смертности в Венской центральной клинической больнице являлись сами врачи, которые принимались за обследование пациентов сразу после проведения аутопсии, предварительно не обработав надлежащим образом руки. Даже не имея представления о микробной теории, Земмельвейс смог значительно снизить смертность, потребовав от врачей мыть руки раствором хлора после аутопсии. С тех пор соблюдение гигиены рук в медицинских учреждениях стало краеугольным камнем руководящих принципов и методов профилактики и контроля инфекций (ПКИ), и на сегодняшний день считается основной мерой предотвращения внутрибольничных инфекций и распространения устойчивости к противомикробным препаратам. Усилия по улучшению гигиены рук главным образом направлены на медицинских работников, поскольку они оказывают помощь большому числу пациентов и могут соприкасаться с кровью и другими биологическими жидкостями. Однако и посетители медицинских учреждений также могут распространять патогенные микроорганизмы на своих руках, поэтому важно, чтобы туалеты в медицинских учреждениях, используемые пациентами и другими посетителями, которые могут осуществлять уход за пациентами, были оборудованы приспособлениями для мытья рук водой с мылом. Вмешательства с целью повышения уровня гигиены рук в медицинских учреждениях включают привлечение к решению этой задачи руководителей учреждений и медицинского персонала переднего края, обучение медицинских работников, размещение напоминаний на плакатах и улучшение системы распространения информации, мониторинг установленного порядка и высказывание замечаний и рекомендаций, но прежде всего принимаемые меры должны обеспечивать медицинским работникам свободный доступ к воде и мылу и/или антисептику для протирания рук на спиртовой основе и выработку у них знаний и навыков полноценного пользования этими средствами. ВОЗ определила пять «ключевых моментов», требующих соблюдения гигиены рук в медицинских учреждениях: 1) перед прикосновением к пациенту, 2) перед проведением процедур, требующих чистоты/стерильности, 3) после контакта/риска контакта с физиологическими жидкостями, 4) после прикосновения к пациенту, 5) после прикосновения к предметам, находящимся вокруг пациента.44 Для того, чтобы медицинские работники, помощники по уходу за пациентами и сами пациенты могли соблюдать гигиену рук во всех пяти ключевых моментах, они должны быть обеспечены достаточными и функционирующими приспособлениями для соблюдения гигиены рук. Кроме того, ВОЗ рекомендует применять к решению задачи повышения уровня гигиены рук мультимодальный подход, главными элементами которого являются оценка и высказывание критических замечаний, напоминания на рабочем месте, а также создание климата безопасности в учреждении.45 Невозможно соблюдать гигиену рук, не имея доступа к приспособлениям для ее соблюдения, поэтому для целей национального и глобального мониторинга показатель базового уровня касается наличия воды и мыла или антисептика для протирания рук на спиртовой основе в местах, где пациенты получают медицинскую помощь. Дополнительно базовый уровень условий для соблюдения требований гигиены включает наличие в туалетах воды и мыла. Если в медицинском учреждении имеются функционирующие46 приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи или в туалетах, но не там и там одновременно, оно классифицируется как предоставляющее ограниченный уровень условий, а учреждения, в которых функционирующих приспособлений нет, считаются учреждениями, в которых условия для соблюдения гигиены рук отсутствуют. ГИГИЕНА Базовый уровень В местах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов имеются функционирующие приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и с мылом и/или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе). Ограниченный уровень Функционирующие приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук имеются либо в местах оказания помощи, либо в туалетах, но не там и там. Отсутствие условий для соблюдения требований гигиены Ни в местах оказания помощи, ни в туалетах нет функционирующих приспособлений для соблюдения гигиены рук. РИС. 41 Иерархическая лестница базовых условий для соблюдения требований гигиены в медицинских учреждениях 39 О БЕС П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТРЕБО ВАН И Й ГИ ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧРЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ВСТАВКА 5 Вода и мыло или антисептик на спиртовой основе? Очищать руки антисептиком на спиртовой основе быстрее и легче, чем мыть руки водой с мылом. Поощрение медицинских работников к пользованию антисептиком может значительно улучшить соблюдение гигиены рук, а также стать запасным вариантом при нехватке воды. Однако антисептик менее эффективен, когда руки заметно грязные или испачканы кровью или другими биологическими жидкостями. В таких случаях (а также после посещения туалета) рекомендуется мыть руки водой с мылом. Некоторые патогенные микроорганизмы (такие как Clostridium difficile) нельзя полноценно удалить или обезвредить с помощью антисептика. В случае, когда есть большие опасения или уверенность в подверженности воздействию таких патогенов, предпочтительной мерой гигиены рук является их мытье водой с мылом. Для предотвращения распространения микробов требуются дополнительные меры гигиены, например, использование индивидуальных средств защиты.47 Средства для соблюдения гигиены рук в медицинских учреждениях должны быть в наличии во всех местах, где пациентам оказывается медицинская помощь. Некоторыми программами мониторинга отслеживается наличие соответствующих материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук в нескольких местах по всему медицинскому учреждению, в то время как другие включают выборочные проверки в конкретных местах оказания помощи. Для того, чтобы можно было сравнивать сопоставимые характеристики, для целей глобального мониторинга наличие приспособлений для гигиены рук в любом месте оказания помощи засчитывается как базовый уровень условий для соблюдения требований гигиены. Когда есть возможность, в СПМ используются данные, касающиеся соблюдения гигиены рук в амбулаторном отделении и в зоне общего приема пациентов, даже если в других отделениях или зонах приспособления для гигиены рук отсутствуют. 47 Подробнее см. Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Руководство по гигиене рук в здравоохранении. Всемирная организация здравоохранения, Женева, 2009 г. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70126/21/WHO_IER_PSP_2009.07_rus.pdf ВСТАВКА 6 Места оказания медицинской помощи44 Под местом оказания медицинской помощи понимается такое место, где сходятся три элемента: пациент, медицинский работник и оказание помощи или лечение, предполагающее контакт с пациентом и предметами, которые его/ее окружают (в пределах личной зоны пациента). Такая концепция включает в себя необходимость выполнения требований гигиены рук в рекомендуемые моменты именно там, где происходит оказание медицинской помощи. Для этого необходимо, чтобы средства для соблюдения гигиены рук (например, антисептик на спиртовой основе или мыло с водой) были легкодоступными и располагались как можно ближе – желательно на расстоянии вытянутой руки – в местах, где происходит уход за пациентами и их лечение. Средства для соблюдения гигиены в месте оказания помощи должны быть расположены так, чтобы не было необходимости покидать зону пациента. На рис. 42 показано, что в Китае почти во всех медицинских учреждениях есть приспособления для мытья рук, в большинстве из которых имеется вода, но только в трети из них (36%) вода и мыло или антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе есть в местах оказания помощи. Поскольку в Китае вода и мыло в туалетах есть в двух из трех медицинских учреждений (67%), сдерживающим фактором, не позволяющим признать наличие базового уровня обеспеченности средствами гигиены, является отсутствие материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи. Если в качестве определяющего фактора базового уровня условий для соблюдения гигиены взять минимальную из двух величин, то это может привести к завышению оценки базового уровня, поскольку в некоторых медицинских учреждениях могут быть приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук только в местах оказания медицинской помощи, но не в туалетах. 40 О БЕ С П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТР ЕБ О ВА Н И Й Г И ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Иллюстрация выстраивания иерархической лестницы обеспеченности средствами гигиены: Китай РИС. 42 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых имеются приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук с водой и с мылом или антисептиком на спиртовой основе, Китай (Обследование медицинских учреждений, 2018 г.) (%) ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛОВИЯ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ГИГИЕНЫ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Любые приспособления для мытья рук Точки для мытья рук с постоянной подачей воды Вода и мыло в туалетах Вода и мыло ИЛИ антисептик на спиртовой основе в местах оказания помощи Иерархическая лестница услуг 100 80 60 40 20 0 99,6 90 67 36 64 0,4 36 БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ 41 О БЕС П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТРЕБО ВАН И Й ГИ ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧРЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Однако, поскольку данные об этих различных показателях могут поступать из разных обследований или наборов данных, не всегда есть возможность рассчитать показатели базовых услуг на уровне отдельных медицинских учреждений, и СПМ производит этот расчет на основе совокупных показателей для медицинских учреждений по каждой характеристике. В 2016 г. в каждом шестом (16%) медицинском учреждении в мире средства гигиены отсутствовали, т.е. приспособлений для соблюдения гигиены рук не было ни в местах оказания помощи, ни в туалетах (рис. 43.). Хотя данных для расчета оценок доли медицинских учреждений, в которых средства гигиены отсутствуют, было достаточно в четырех регионах, только в одном регионе ЦУР − Восточной и Юго-Восточной Азии − имелось достаточно данных для получения оценок обеспеченности базовыми средствами гигиены. Для оценки положения дел в остальных четырех регионах ЦУР данных было недостаточно, и в 2016 г. данными располагали очень немногие страны с высоким уровнем доходов. Хотя в медицинских учреждениях, находящихся в странах с высоким уровнем доходов, с большей вероятностью можно предположить наличие доступа к мылу и водопроводной воде (а также к улучшенным санитарно-техническим сооружениям), они все же могут сталкиваться с материально-техническими проблемами и препятствиями в цепи поставок антисептика для протирания рук на спиртовой основе. Иногда страны заявляют о100-процентном охвате базовым уровнем (указывая, что В 2016 г. оценки обеспеченности базовыми средствами гигиены имелись по 14 странам с совокупным населением 1,7 млрд. человек РИС. 44 Охват данными о наличии средств гигиены в медицинских учреждениях по показателям, с указанием количества стран и населения, по которым имеются данные (млрд человек), 2016 г. Базовый уровень (n=14) Вода и мыло в туалетах (n=16) Наличие антисептика на спиртовой основе в местах оказания помощи (n=19) Наличие воды и мыла в местах оказания помощи (n=43) Наличие приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи (n=54) Любые данные (n=59) 1,7 1,7 0,7 2,8 2,9 4,3 В 2016 г. во всем мире в 16% медицинских учреждений отсутствовали средства гигиены РИС. 43 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений средствами гигиены по регионам и во всем мире, 2016 г. (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0,5 0,2 2 16 6 42 64 36 На им ен ее ра зв ит ые ст ра ны Ра зв ив аю щи ес я с тр ан ы, не им ею щи е в ых од а к мо рю Ав стр ал ия и Но ва я З ел ан ди я Во сто чн ая и Юг о-В ос точ на я А зи я Ок еа ни я Се ве рн ая Аф ри ка и За па дн ая Аз ия Се ве рн ая Ам ер ик а и Ев ро па Ла ти нс ка я А ме ри ка и Ка ри бс ки й б ас се йн Це нтр аль на я и Ю жн ая Аз ия Аф ри ка к ю гу от Са хар ы Ма лы е о стр ов ны е ра зви ваю щи еся го суд ар ств а Во вс ем ми ре ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ СРЕДСТВА ГИГИЕНЫ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО■ 42 О БЕ С П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТР ЕБ О ВА Н И Й Г И ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ таково требование закона или строительных норм и правил), но СПМ в отсутствие подтвержденных данных о соблюдении этих норм не использует подобную информацию для расчета национальных оценок. В 2016 г. оценки обеспеченности базовыми средствами гигиены имелись по 14 странам с совокупным населением 1,7 млрд. человек (рис. 44), что составляет всего 19% мирового населения и является недостаточным для глобальной оценки. В трех из этих стран было недостаточно данных для понимания того, в каких медицинских учреждениях наблюдается ограниченный уровень условий для соблюдения требований гигиены, а в каких средства гигиены отсутствуют (рис. 45). Из 59 стран, которые располагали какими-либо данными о положении дел в области гигиены рук, только в 16 имелась информация о наличии воды и мыла в туалетах. Гораздо больше стран (55 с совокупным населением 2,9 млрд человек, или 35% мирового населения) собирают информацию о наличии приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи, хотя чаще собираются данные о наличии воды и мыла, а не антисептика для протирания рук на спиртовой основе. Приспособлениями для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи располагали 57% медицинских учреждений в мире. Среди 19 стран, которые имели данные о наличии в пунктах оказания помощи как воды и мыла, так и антисептика на спиртовой основе, в одних, включая Объединенную Республику Танзанию, относительно выше был показатель наличия приспособлений для мытья рук водой с мылом, тогда как в других, например, в Мьянме, выше был показатель доступа к антисептику для протирания рук на спиртовой основе (рис. 46). В 2016 г. оценки обеспеченности базовыми средствами гигиены имелись по 14 странам РИС. 45 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений средствами гигиены, 2016 (%) ■ УСЛОВИЯ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Аз ер ба йд ж ан Че хи я Э ст он ия Ку ве йт С ан -М ар ин о Че рн ог ор ия С ер би я М ал ьд ив ы Ар м ен ия Зи м ба бв е Н иг ер ия Л иб ер ия Ки та й О бъ ед ин ен на я Ре сп уб ли ка Та нз ан ия 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 20 32 10 44 13 64 0,4 69 58 43 36 36 35 В одних странах в местах оказания помощи чаще встречаются вода и мыло, в других − антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе РИС. 46 Доля медицинских учреждений, имеющих в местах оказания помощи антисептик на спиртовой основе для протирания рук и воду с мылом, 19 стран, в которых имелись данные, 2016 (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Н ал ич ие а нт ис еп ти ка н а сп ир то во й ос но ве д ля пр от ир ан ия р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и Мьянма Объединенная Республика Танзания Наличие воды и мыла в местах оказания помощи 43 О БЕС П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТРЕБО ВАН И Й ГИ ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧРЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. В 2016 году оценки наличия приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи имелись по 55 странам РИС. 47 Доля медицинских учреждений, имеющих материалы для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи, по странам и регионам ЦУР, 2016 г. (%) Парагвай Гондурас Гаити Перу Антигуа и Барбуда Сент-Винсент и Гренадины Коморские Острова Джибути Мадагаскар Эфиопия Либерия Сомали Конго Демократическая Республика Конго Нигерия Объединенная Республика Танзания Нигер Камерун Малави Южный Судан Кения Кот-д'Ивуар Чад Замбия Зимбабве Намибия Мавритания Уганда Гамбия Сьерра-Леоне Бенин Буркина-Фасо Того Гана Сенегал Бурунди Китай Лаосская Народно-Демократическая Республика Индонезия Мьянма Камбоджа Непал Бангладеш Мальдивы Шри-Ланка Тунис Армения Азербайджан Кувейт Папуа-Новая Гвинея Сербия Чехия Эстония Черногория Сан-Марино 0 20 40 60 80 100 24 35 43 52 53 58 61 62 63 66 68 71 73 77 77 77 78 80 81 81 84 84 85 85 90 91 91 92 93 93 АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ 15 26 71 74 100 100 ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН 100 100 100 100 100 ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА 46 94 100 100 СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ 46 54 88 91 ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ 36 79 80 91 100 ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО- ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ 98ОКЕАНИЯ Между странами и регионами наблюдаются широкие различия в наличии материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи, при этом в большинстве регионов есть как минимум одна страна с охватом менее 50% и одна с охватом более 90% (рис. 47). 44 О БЕ С П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТР ЕБ О ВА Н И Й Г И ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ГИГИЕНЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Государство обязано устанавливать стандарты гигиены в медицинских учреждениях и осуществлять программы, направленные на повышение уровня там, где это необходимо. Глобальный показатель охвата базовыми средствами гигиены служит хорошей отправной точкой, но не включает других важных аспектов гигиены, таких как способы соблюдения гигиены рук и уровень соблюдения требований гигиены в ключевые моменты, доступность точек мытья рук во всех местах оказания помощи или наличие и состояние помещений для купания. Во многих медицинских учреждениях базовый уровень уже достигнут, но условия для соблюдения гигиены все еще нуждаются в улучшении. Странам, где базовый уровень условий уже является нормой, следует рассмотреть возможность разработки и мониторинга дополнительных показателей, соответствующих более высоким уровням. Здесь представлено несколько наглядных примеров национального мониторинга, выходящего за рамки базового уровня, но для того, чтобы сделать эти меры стандартом, требуется дальнейшая работа. Наличие материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук в разных отделениях больницы Базовый уровень обеспеченности средствами гигиены подразумевает наличие в местах оказания помощи воды и мыла или антисептика для протирания рук на спиртовой основе. Обычно используются данные из общего амбулаторного отделения, но показатель доступности может меняться в зависимости от типа кабинета для осмотра пациентов. В Малави приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук (водопроводная вода и мыло или антисептик для протирания рук) были доступны в 75% родильных палат и в 65% амбулаторных отделений, но только в 36% детских прививочных кабинетов (рис. 48). Наличие материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук во всех местах оказания помощи отмечалось меньше, чем в трети (31%) медицинских учреждений. Амбулаторное отделение является тем местом оказания медицинской помощи, которое используется в качестве базиса для целей глобального мониторинга, но эта глобальная система измерения отражает потенциально завышенные оценки наличия материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук во всем медицинском учреждении. 45 О БЕС П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТРЕБО ВАН И Й ГИ ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧРЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Практика соблюдения гигиены рук Наличие материалов для соблюдения гигиены рук необходимо, но вовсе не гарантирует соблюдения правил гигиены в ключевые моменты. Например, проведенное в 2014 году в Бангладеш обследование, которое включало пятичасовое структурированное наблюдение почти 5000 случаев, в которых было необходимо соблюдать гигиену рук в медицинских учреждениях, показало, что, хотя в 69% больниц были приспособления для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи, только 17% медицинских работников мыли руки с мылом после прикосновения к пациентам или ранам и только 2% мыли руки с мылом перед контактом с пациентом или выполнением действий, требующих асептики (рис. 49). Точно так же в Камбодже в 2010 году медицинские работники мыли руки с мылом в ходе менее одной из 30 консультаций, хотя приспособления для мытья рук имелись в половине медицинских учреждений. В Малави приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук реже всего можно найти в детских прививочных кабинетах РИС. 48 Доля кабинетов разных типов для приема пациентов с наличием мыла и воды и антисептика для протирания рук на спиртовой основе, в которых проводилось наблюдение во время посещения медицинских учреждений в Малави (Оценка предоставления услуг, 2013 г., n=540-977) (%) ■ РОДИЛЬНАЯ ПАЛАТА ■ КАБИНЕТ ЗАБОРА КРОВИ ■ КАБИНЕТ МАЛОЙ ХИРУРГИИ ■ ПАЛАТА ДОРОДОВОГО УХОДА ■ ВСЕ МЕСТА ОКАЗАНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ■ ДЕТСКИЙ ПРИВИВОЧНЫЙ КАБИНЕТ ■ ОБЩЕЕ АМБУЛАТОРНОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ 100 80 60 40 20 0 Мыло и вода Антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе Мыло и вода ИЛИ антисептик для протирания рук на спиртовой основе * * * * Место, определенное в качестве приоритетного для целей глобального мониторинга Медицинский персонал не всегда соблюдает гигиену рук в пяти ключевых моментах РИС. 49 Соблюдение требований гигиены рук в больницах в Бангладеш (Национальное обследование исходного состояния гигиены, 2014 г.) (%) ■ МЫЛИ РУКИ ТОЛЬКО ВОДОЙ ■ МЫЛИ РУКИ ВОДОЙ С МЫЛОМ ■ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАЛИ АНТИСЕПТИК ДЛЯ ПРОТИРАНИЯ РУК НА СПИРТОВОЙ ОСНОВЕ 100 До прикосновения к пациенту До проведения процедур, требующих чистоты/асептики После контакта с физиологическими жидкостями или посещения туалета После прикосновений к пациенту или ранам После прикосновения к предметам, находящимся вокруг пациента 80 60 40 20 0 13 17 922 9 6 1 46 8 5 21П ро це нт к лю че вы х м ом ен то в, в ко то ры х со бл ю да ли сь т ре бо ва ни я ги ги ен ы ру к (% ) 46 О БЕ С П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТР ЕБ О ВА Н И Й Г И ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Пропаганда соблюдения гигиены рук Успешное и устойчивое повышение уровня гигиены рук достигается путем реализации множества мер, направленных на преодоление различных препятствий и поведенческих барьеров. Агитационные материалы и стратегии позволяют улучшить соблюдение гигиены рук только при наличии приспособлений для ее соблюдения. В Перу в 2017 г. доля медицинских учреждений, в которых были приняты стратегии обучения и введено стимулирование мытья рук, была на 14 процентных пунктов выше доли учреждений, в которых имелись точки для мытья рук водой с мылом (рис. 50). В Гондурасе почти в половине медицинских учреждений велась пропаганда мытья рук, но в то же время было недостаточно материалов для полноценного соблюдения гигиены. Положительным примером того, как изменилось отношение к мытью рук в связи с эпидемией Эбола, служит Сьерра-Леоне. В ходе национального обследования медицинских учреждений первичного звена в 2014 г. более 95% медицинских работников сообщили об изменении своего отношения к мытью рук после того, как узнали о лихорадке Эбола (рис. 51). Однако вследствие необъективности респондентов соблюдение правил гигиены рук со слов самих респондентов часто оказывается сильно преувеличенным по сравнению с реальным соблюдением. Доступность точек для мытья рук для всех Возможность вымыть руки должны иметь не только медицинские работники, но и пациенты и посетители. Среди пациентов и посетителей могут быть маленькие дети и люди с ограниченной подвижностью или с ослабленным зрением. Мониторинг доступности точек для мытья рук в медицинских учреждениях ведется в немногих странах, но одно обследование в Ливане показало, что точки для мытья рук, доступные для самых маленьких детей, имелись примерно в 40% учреждений, а приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук, доступные для людей с ограниченной подвижностью и ослабленным зрением, имелись менее чем в 20% учреждений (рис. 52). Часто мытье рук пропагандируется в медицинских учреждениях, где приспособления для мытья рук отсутствуют РИС. 50 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых имеются приспособления для мытья рук и пропагандируется мытье рук, в Перу и Гондурасе (ВОЗ, 2017 г.) (%) ВСЕГО ПРОПАГАНДИРУЕТСЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЕ ГИГИЕНЫ РУК ЕСТЬ ТОЧКИ ДЛЯ МЫТЬЯ РУК ВОДОЙ С МЫЛОМ Перу (n=192) 76 26 90 73 Гондурас (n=73) В Сьерра-Леоне более 95% медицинских работников сообщили, что стали строже соблюдать гигиену рук после того, как узнали о лихорадке Эбола РИС. 51 Доля медицинских работников в Сьерра-Леоне, которые сообщили об изменении своего поведения в отношении гигиены рук после того, как узнали о лихорадке Эбола (Обследование медицинских учреждений, 2014 г.) (%) ■ МОЮТ РУКИ ВОДОЙ С МЫЛОМ ■ ОБРАБАТЫВАЮТ РУКИ ДЕЗИНФИЦИРУЮЩИМИ СРЕДСТВАМИ ■ НИ О КАКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯХ НЕ СООБЩИЛИ 61 34 5 47 О БЕС П ЕЧ ЕН И Е УС Л О ВИ Й Д Л Я С О БЛ Ю Д ЕН И Я ТРЕБО ВАН И Й ГИ ГИ ЕН Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧРЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. РИС. 52 Доля медицинских учреждений в Ливане, где есть точки для мытья рук, доступные для маленьких детей и людей с ограниченной подвижностью или ослабленным зрением (2016 г., n=166) (%)48 48 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, final survey report submitted to UNICEF in February 2018. 49 Monro, A and Mulley, GP, ‘Hospital Bathrooms and Showers: A continuing saga of inadequacy’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2004, vol 97(5), pp 235–237, <https:// journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014107680409700507>. Помещения для купания Купание может уменьшить число случаев внутрибольничных инфекций и улучшить самочувствие пациентов. Пациенты должны иметь возможность искупаться в функционирующих, чистых и доступных сооружениях, в которых обеспечивается уединение и уважение их человеческого достоинства. Однако даже там, где сооружения для купания существуют, они не всегда соответствуют потребностям пациентов. При проведении оценки в 2004 г. в регионах Соединенного Королевства было установлено, что 10% душевых не функционировали, а в 28% больничных палат не было душевых, которые были бы доступны для людей в инвалидных колясках.49 Сравнение с аналогичными исследованиями, проведенными там же более 20 лет назад, показало очень медленный темп изменения ситуации к лучшему. В 2016 г. точки для мытья рук, доступные для людей с ограниченной подвижностью и ослабленным зрением, имелись менее чем в одном из пяти медицинских учреждений в Ливане 100 80 60 40 20 0 Дети самого младшего возраста 7 54 48 45 3326 20 16 39 7 7 Люди с ограниченной подвижностью Люди с ослабленным зрением ■ ОТСУТСТВИЕ ПРИСПОСОБЛЕНИЙ ■ НЕДОСТУПНЫ ■ ДОСТУПНЫ ■ ДОСТУПНЫ С ПОСТОРОННЕЙ ПОМОЩЬЮ 48 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ УСЛУГИ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 50 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Безопасное управление отходами медико-санитарной деятельности. ВОЗ, Женева, 2014. http://apps.who.int/iris/ bitstream/10665/259684/1/WHO-FWC-WSH-17.05-rus.pdf?ua=1. 51 World Health Organization, Management of Waste from Injection Activities at District Level, WHO, Geneva, 2006, <www.who.int/management/quality/ManagementWasteInjections.pdf>. Большая часть отходов, образующихся в медицинских учреждениях − около 85% − неопасна и может быть удалена вместе с обычными твердыми отходами. Остальные 15% являются либо инфекционными, либо химически опасными или радиоактивными, и с ними необходимо обращаться правильно, чтобы предотвратить опасное воздействие на медицинских работников, пациентов, посетителей, лиц, осуществляющих обращение с отходами, и население.50 Использованные иглы и другие острые материалы, как правило, считаются наиболее опасной категорией медицинских отходов, поскольку они могут легко привести к ранам от укола иглы и впоследствии стать причиной заражения инфекцией.51 ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ Базовый уровень Отходы безопасно разделяются как минимум по трем контейнерам и производится безопасная обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов. Ограниченный уровень Разделение и/или обработка и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов производится в ограниченной степени, но соблюдаются не все требования, предъявляемые к базовому уровню услуг. Отсутствие услуг Нет раздельных контейнеров для острых и инфекционных отходов и не производится обработка и удаление острых и/или инфекционных отходов. РИС. 53 Иерархическая лестница базовых услуг по обращению с медицинскими отходами 49 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Первый шаг в обращении с медицинскими отходами − это их разделение в месте образования по соответствующим мешкам или контейнерам как минимум на три категории: обычные неопасные, инфекционные и острые отходы. После разделения следует обеспечить надежное хранение инфекционных и острых отходов, а затем отправить их на обработку и удаление с использованием средств либо на территории медицинского учреждения, либо специально предназначенных для этого средств за его пределами. Для целей глобального мониторинга показатель базового уровня услуг включает разделение отходов как минимум по трем контейнерам, а также безопасную обработку и удаление острых и инфекционных отходов. Если в медицинском учреждении имеются системы частичного разделения и/или обработки отходов, например, сжигание отходов в открытой яме, а не в двухступенчатой мусоросжигательной печи, такое учреждение классифицируется как имеющее ограниченный уровень услуг, а учреждения, где системы разделения или обработки и удаления отходов отсутствуют, считаются учреждениями, в которых услуги отсутствуют. В 2015 году с целью внесения вклада в более широкомасштабную работу в рамках инициативы Swachh Bharat («Чистая Индия») Министерством здравоохранения и поддержки семьи Индии была начата программа Kayakalp. Она строится на мониторинге ряда показателей, связанных с чистотой и контролем инфекций в медицинских учреждениях.52 Медицинские учреждения оцениваются организациями равного статуса, а после этого проверяются 52 Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Guidelines for Implementation of “Kayakalp” Initiative, Government of India, New Delhi, undated, <www.nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/in-focus/ Implementation_Guidebook_for_Kayakalp.pdf>. сторонними инспекционными группами. В Национальном информационном центре систем здравоохранения Индии были проанализированы данные об обращении с медицинскими отходами в 701 государственной районной больнице за 2018 год, а данные по центрам первичной медицинской помощи будут готовы в конце 2019 г. Данные по больницам на рис. 54 показывают, что почти во всех (97%) районных больницах организована та или иная форма обращения с отходами, и только в 3% больниц подобные услуги отсутствуют. Уровень удаления биомедицинских отходов (в том числе острых и инфекционных) также был высок и составлял 94%. Распространенность разделения отходов, которое включает хранение острых отходов в проколостойких контейнерах и разделение других биомедицинских отходов в соответствии с общенациональным руководством от 2016 г., была ниже и составляла 80%. В целом в 76% больниц в Индии производилось и разделение и удаление отходов, и эти больницы были отнесены к категории обеспеченных базовыми услугами. В 2016 г. данные имелись только по трем из восьми условных регионов ЦУР, и этого было недостаточно, чтобы рассчитать глобальные оценки услуг по обращению с отходами в медицинских учреждениях (рис. 55). Наиболее полные данные имелись по странам Африки к югу от Сахары, где можно было рассчитать показатели базового уровня, ограниченного уровня услуг или отсутствия услуг. Кроме того, можно было рассчитать показатель базового уровня услуг для Океании, в то время как в Северной Африке и Западной Азии имелись данные для расчета показателя отсутствия услуг. Иллюстрация выстраивания иерархической лестницы услуг по обращению с медицинскими отходами: Индия РИС. 54 Услуги по обращению с отходами в государственных районных больницах в Индии (Kayakalp, 2018 г.) (%) ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Любые приспособления/ средства для обращения с медицинскими отходами Отходы разделяются в зоне приема пациентов Биомедицинские отходы удаляются безопасным способом Острые и медицинские отходы разделяются и удаляются безопасным способом Иерархическая лестница услуг 100 80 60 40 20 0 97 80 94 76 21 3 76 50 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Данные о базовых услугах по обращению с отходами в медицинских учреждениях (в т.ч. в больницах и других типах медицинских учреждений) имелись по 48 странам (рис. 56) с совокупным населением 1,4 млрд человек, или 19% мирового населения, и этого было недостаточно для расчета глобальной оценки. Тем не менее, данных о базовых услугах по обращению с отходами в больницах было достаточно (46 стран с совокупным населением, составляющим 35% населения земного шара), чтобы подсчитать, что две трети (65%) больниц во всем мире обеспечены базовыми услугами (рис. 57), хотя на эту оценку оказывают большое влияние данные, полученные в рамках индийской программы Kayakalp (рис. 54), где был установлен довольно высокий уровень услуг. В глобальном масштабе показатели обработки и удаления инфекционных и острых отходов в больницах были одинаковы – примерно 80%, хотя в случае Индии оба эти показателя в отчетности объединяются в один − обработка биомедицинских отходов. Показатель разделения отходов был немного ниже: только в трех больницах из четырех (75%) отходы разделялись минимум по трем контейнерам. Охват базовыми услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами колебался от 100% в нескольких странах с высоким уровнем доходов до однозначных чисел в некоторых странах с низким уровнем доходов (рис. 58). Только в 28 из 48 стран, в которых имелись оценки базового уровня, можно было В 2016 г. данные о базовых услугах по обращению с медицинскими отходами имелись по 48 странам с совокупным населением 1,4 млрд человек РИС. 56 Охват данными об услугах по обращению с медицинскими отходами, по показателям, с указанием числа стран и численности населения, по которым имеются данные (млрд человек), 2016 г. Базовые услуги (n=48) Отходы обрабатываются и удаляются (n=53) Отходы разделяются в местах их образования (n=60) Любые данные (n=66) 1,4 1,5 3,0 3,2 В 2016 г. в наименее развитых странах базовыми услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами были обеспечены 27% медицинских учреждений РИС. 55 Обеспеченность медицинских учреждений услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами, по регионам и во всем мире, 2016 г. (%) ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ 100 80 60 40 20 0 11 11 22 23 69 51 49 41 10 27 49 7 На им ен ее ра зви ты е с тра ны Ра зви ва ющ ие ся стр ан ы, не им ею щи е в ых од а к мо рю Ав стр ал ия и Но ва я З ел ан ди я Во сто чн ая Аз ия и Юг о-В ос то чн ая Аз ия Ок еа ни я Се ве рн ая Аф ри ка и З ап ад на я А зи я Се ве рн ая Ам ер ик а и Е вр оп а Ла ти нс ка я А ме ри ка и К ар иб ски й б ас се йн Це нтр аль на я и Ю жн ая Аз ия Аф ри ка к юг у о т С аха ры Ма лы е о стр ов ны е ра зв ив аю щи ес я гос уд ар ств а Во вс ем ми ре БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ 51 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. В каждой третьей больнице во всем мире не был обеспечен базовый уровень услуг по обращению с отходами РИС. 57 Услуги по обращению с медицинскими отходами в больницах (n=46 стран), 2016 г. (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 Разделение отходов Обработка и удаление (острые отходы) Обработка и удаление (инфекционные отходы) 80 81 65 75 Базовые услуги В 2016 г. оценки базовых услуг по обращению с медицинскими отходами имелись по 48 странам РИС. 58 Услуги по обращению с отходами в медицинских учреждениях, 2016 г. (%) ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ ДАННЫХ НЕДОСТАТОЧНО ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ Ан до рр а Че хи я Э ст он ия Ку ве йт Че рн ог ор ия С ан -М ар ин о С ер би я Ар м ен ия Бу ру нд и С ей ш ел ьс ки е О ст ро ва Л иб ер ия И нд он ез ия Э ф ио пи я Л ив ан Н иг ер Зи м ба бв е Ча д Га на Э кв ад ор М ал ав и Уг ан да Н иг ер ия Л ив ия За м би я Д ж иб ут и Ке ни я Л ао сс ка я Н ар од но - Де мо кр ат ич ес ка я Р ес пу бл ик а С ен ег ал Бу рк ин а- Ф ас о То го М ал ьд ив ы П ер у О бъ ед ин ен на я Ре сп уб ли ка Т ан за ни я Ш ри -Л ан ка Бе ни н М ав ри та ни я С ье рр а- Л ео не Й ем ен С ом ал и Ко нг о Д ем ок ра ти че ск ая Ре сп уб ли ка К он го Ба нг ла де ш П ап уа -Н ов ая Г ви не я Гв ин ея -Б ис са у П ар аг ва й Га ит и М ья нм а Н еп ал 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 84 67 66 64 64 60 55 55 51 49 43 43 43 43 40 35 33 33 31 31 30 30 28 27 27 26 25 17 13 13 12 12 11 10 6 6 3 1 80 7 Иногда отходы обрабатываются без предварительного разделения, а разделенные отходы часто не проходят обработку РИС. 59 Разделение и обработка отходов в медицинских учреждениях, 2016 г. (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 О бр аб от ка о тх од ов Буркина-Фасо Разделение отходов Папуа-Новая Гвинея также выделить ограниченный уровень услуг и отсутствие услуг. В десяти из этих стран не менее чем в 10% медицинских учреждений услуги отсутствуют. Из 48 стран, которые располагали данными как по разделению, так и по обработке отходов, в 26 странах уровни разделения отходов были выше, чем уровни их обработки, тогда как в 13 странах уровни обработки отходов были выше, чем уровни разделения (рис. 59). В оставшихся девяти странах разделение и обработка отходов велись примерно на одних и тех же уровнях и, как правило, достигали 100%. В Папуа-Новой Гвинее разделение отходов было почти повсеместным, хотя их большая часть сжигалась в открытых ямах, что не соответствует базовому уровню услуг. И наоборот, в Буркина-Фасо уровень обработки инфекционных и острых отходов был высокий, а уровень разделения инфекционных отходов относительно низкий. 52 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ В 2016 г. оценки безопасного разделения медицинских отходов имелись по 60 странам РИС. 60 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых практикуется разделение отходов, по странам и регионам ЦУР, 2016 г. (%) Непал Бангладеш Мальдивы Шри-Ланка Гвинея-Биссау Коморские Острова Мали Буркина-Фасо Кения Джибути Конго Сенегал Бенин Демократическая Республика Конго Сомали Объединенная Республика Танзания Сьерра-Леоне Гамбия Намибия Южный Судан Уганда Зимбабве Мавритания Нигерия Нигер Того Чад Кот-д'Ивуар Сейшельские Острова Замбия Либерия Бурунди Эфиопия Малави Гана Гаити Эквадор Парагвай Гондурас Перу Гренада Мьянма Лаосская Народно-Демократическая Республика Филиппины Индонезия Китай Камбоджа Йемен Ливия Ливан Армения Кувейт Папуа-Новая Гвинея Андорра Чехия Эстония Литва Черногория Сан-Марино Сербия 0 20 40 60 80 100 15 53 80 96 97 100 ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН 7 21 28 31 33 35 40 40 42 43 51 52 59 66 68 70 70 70 70 73 73 73 74 80 80 84 84 84 87 90 98 АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА 36 46 95 97 100 СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ 5 25 47 51 ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ 17 33 68 80 86 94 ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО- ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ 97ОКЕАНИЯ 53 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. В 2016 г. оценки безопасной обработки и удаления медицинских отходов имелись по 53 странам РИС. 61 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых практикуется обработка отходов, по странам и регионам ЦУР, 2016 г. (%) Папуа-Новая Гвинея Гвинея-Биссау Демократическая Республика Конго Конго Сомали Того Объединенная Республика Танзания Мавритания Сенегал Джибути Мадагаскар Нигерия Уганда Малави Кения Сьерра-Леоне Чад Бенин Зимбабве Гана Нигер Эфиопия Либерия Замбия Буркина-Фасо Сейшельские Острова Бурунди Мьянма Лаосская Народно-Демократическая Республика Индонезия Вьетнам Тунис Йемен Ливия Западный берег и сектор Газа Азербайджан Ливан Армения Кувейт Непал Шри-Ланка Бангладеш Мальдивы Парагвай Перу Гаити Эквадор Андорра Чехия Эстония Черногория Сан-Марино Сербия 0 20 40 60 80 100 23 28 35 59 ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН 10 24 26 26 32 34 36 41 41 42 43 43 49 50 53 55 55 55 57 60 64 67 72 77 80 94 АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ 100 100 100 100 100 100 ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА 18 20 43 49 55 64 97 100 СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ 21 44 48 59 ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ 11 50 66 70 ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО- ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ 10ОКЕАНИЯ 54 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Информацию о разделении медицинских отходов собирают многие страны; так, в 2016 г. национальные оценки имелись по 60 странам (рис. 60) с совокупным населением 40% населения земного шара. В среднем в 60% медицинских учреждений была хотя бы какая-то система разделения отходов. Однако методы, применяемые для оценки разделения отходов, в разных обследованиях разные. В некоторых просто отмечается, имеется ли контейнер для острых отходов, тогда как в других проводится проверка для того, чтобы лично убедиться в наличии контейнеров во всех местах образования отходов, проверяется, правильно ли они используются (например, не переполнены ли они) и имеют ли они соответствующую маркировку. Во многих обследованиях не собирается информация о разделении других видов отходов или о применении рекомендованной системы сортировки по трем контейнерам. В рамках обследований «Оценка наличия и готовности услуг» (SARA) проводится сбор данных о наличии контейнеров для острых предметов (безопасных контейнеров) и емкостей с крышкой и пластиковым мешком (урны с педалями) для хранения инфекционных отходов, и в большинстве случаев обнаруживается, что разделение и надлежащее хранение значительно лучше организовано в отношении острых отходов, чем в отношении инфекционных отходов (рис. 62). Поэтому обследования, в ходе которых собирается информация только о наличии контейнеров для острых отходов, могут содержать завышенную оценку принятого в медицинских учреждениях порядка разделения отходов. Число стран, имевших национальные оценки обработки и удаления отходов, несколько меньше, чем число стран, которые имели оценки разделения отходов. Национальные оценки обработки медицинских отходов имелись по 53 странам, совокупное население которых составляло 21% населения земного шара. В шести из семи регионов ЦУР, в которых имелись данные по странам, по крайней мере в одной стране безопасную обработку и удаление медицинских отходов осуществляют менее 25% медицинских учреждений (рис. 61). Только примерно в одном из десяти медицинских учреждений в Папуа-Новой Гвинее, Гвинее-Биссау и Мьянме применялись безопасные методы обработки инфекционных и острых отходов. Показатели надлежащего разделения и хранения обычно бывают выше в случае острых отходов по сравнению с инфекционными отходами РИС. 62 Надлежащее разделение и хранение острых и инфекционных отходов в выборочных обследованиях наличия и готовности услуг (SARA), 2012–17 гг. (%) ■ НАДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЕ И ХРАНЕНИЕ ОСТРЫХ ОТХОДОВ ■ НАДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЕ И ХРАНЕНИЕ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ОТХОДОВ С ей ш ел ьс ки е О ст ро ва (2 01 7) С ье рр а- Л ео не (2 01 7) Зи м ба бв е (2 01 5) Л ао сс ка я Н ар од но - Д ем ок ра ти че ск ая Ре сп уб ли ка (2 01 4) Бе ни н (2 01 5) Ча д (2 01 5) Н иг ер (2 01 5) За м би я (2 01 5) То го (2 01 2) Ш ри -Л ан ка (2 01 7) Бу рк ин а- Ф ас о (2 01 6) М ав ри та ни я (2 01 6) М ья нм а (2 01 4) С ом ал и (2 01 6) Д ем ок ра ти че ск ая Ре сп уб ли ка К он го (2 01 4) Д ж иб ут и (2 01 5) Ке ни я (2 01 6) Э ф ио пи я (2 01 6) 100 80 60 40 20 0 55 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Большинство стран докладывают о примерно одинаковых уровнях обработки острых и инфекционных отходов (рис. 63), и во многих источниках данные об обработке этих двух видов отходов по отдельности не представляются. Там, где между видами отходов имеются различия, обращение с острыми отходами организовано немного лучше, чем обращение с инфекционными отходами. Например, согласно обследованию 2017 г. с целью оценки предоставления услуг в Сенегале, за пределы территории медицинских учреждений в защищенных контейнерах было удалено почти 80% острых отходов и только 11% инфекционных отходов. Вместо этого большинство инфекционных отходов обрабатывалось на территории учреждений либо в мусоросжигательной печи, наличие которой учитывается при расчете глобального показателя базового уровня услуг, либо путем открытого сжигания, которое для расчета этого показателя не засчитывается (рис. 64). Однако в Азербайджане, по его сведениям, надлежащим образом обрабатываются все инфекционные отходы, но только 55% острых отходов. Для обработки медицинских отходов используется широкий спектр технологий, но выбор наиболее подходящего варианта будет зависеть от местных обстоятельств, с учетом необходимости поддерживать баланс между охраной здоровья населения и окружающей среды. Обработка острых и инфекционных отходов часто находится на одном уровне РИС. 63 Обработка инфекционных и острых отходов в медицинских учреждениях, 2016 г. (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 О бр аб от ка и нф ек ци он ны х от хо до в Азербайджан Сенегал Обработка острых отходов 56 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Широко распространено открытое сжигание острых отходов РИС. 64 Методы, используемые для обработки и удаления острых отходов, по данным некоторых исследований по оценке предоставления услуг (SPA) в 2012–17 гг. (%) ■ ДАННЫЕ НЕ БЫЛИ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНЫ ■ ЭТОТ ВИД ОТХОДОВ ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ОТКРЫТОЕ СЖИГАНИЕ (В ЯМЕ ИЛИ НА ЗАЩИЩЕННОЙ ПЛОЩАДКЕ) ОТКРЫТОЕ СЖИГАНИЕ (НА ОТКРЫТОЙ ПЛОЩАДКЕ БЕЗ ЗАЩИТЫ) УДАЛЯЮТСЯ ЗА ПРЕДЕЛЫ ТЕРРИТОРИИ (ХРАНЯТСЯ БЕЗ ЗАЩИТЫ) ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЮТСЯ БЕЗ СЖИГАНИЯ (В ОТКРЫТУЮ ЯМУ БЕЗ ЗАЩИТЫ) ■ ДРУГОЕ ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЮТСЯ БЕЗ СЖИГАНИЯ (В ЗАКРЫТУЮ ЯМУ ИЛИ УБОРНУЮ С ВЫГРЕБНОЙ ЯМОЙ) ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЮТСЯ БЕЗ СЖИГАНИЯ (НА ОТКРЫТОЙ ПЛОЩАДКЕ БЕЗ ЗАЩИТЫ) ■ УДАЛЯЮТСЯ ЗА ПРЕДЕЛЫ ТЕРРИТОРИИ (ХРАНЯТСЯ В ЗАКРЫТОМ КОНТЕЙНЕРЕ) ■ ВЫБРАСЫВАЮТСЯ БЕЗ СЖИГАНИЯ (НА ЗАЩИЩЕННУЮ ПЛОЩАДКУ ИЛИ В ЯМУ) ■ СЖИГАЮТСЯ В МУСОРОСЖИГАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПЕЧИ (ОДНОКАМЕРНАЯ/ БАРАБАННОГО ТИПА/ОГНЕУПОРНЫЙ КИРПИЧ/КОНСТРУКЦИЯ ДЕ МОНФОР) ■ СЖИГАЮТСЯ В МУСОРОСЖИГАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПЕЧИ (ДВУХКАМЕРНАЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННАЯ, 800–1000+ °C) ■ УДАЛЯЮТСЯ ЗА ПРЕДЕЛЫ ТЕРРИТОРИИ (ХРАНЯТСЯ В ДРУГОЙ ЗАЩИЩЕННОЙ СРЕДЕ) 100 80 60 40 20 0 ■ ■ ■ Ру ан да (2 01 7) Ма ла ви (2 01 4) Ба нгл ад еш (2 01 4) Об ъе ди не нн ая Ре сп уб ли ка Та нз ан ия (2 01 5) Га ит и ( 20 13 ) Ке ни я ( 20 10 ) Уга нд а ( 20 07 ) На ми би я ( 20 09 ) Се не гал (2 01 7) В соответствии с Базельской конвенцией,53 первоочередное внимание рекомендуется уделять таким методам обработки отходов, которые сводят к минимуму образование и выброс химических веществ или опасные выбросы. Широко распространено сжигание в мусоросжигательной печи или открытое сжигание, но это может вызвать серьезное загрязнение окружающей среды, включая образование высокотоксичных соединений диоксинов и фуранов. Стокгольмская конвенция54 ставит задачи по недопущению образования диоксинов и фуранов либо путем прекращения использования технологий, в основе которых лежит сжигание, либо за счет обеспечения сжигания при высоких температурах: чтобы минимизировать образование токсичных соединений, температура в первой камере мусоросжигательной печи должна достигать не менее 850° C, а во второй камере − не менее 1100° С.55 Однако в условиях низкого и среднего уровня доходов медицинские учреждения чаще всего используют более простые однокамерные мусоросжигательные печи или прибегают к открытому сжиганию (рис. 64), и в обоих случаях температуры сжигания, которые были бы достаточно высоки для предотвращения образования токсичных химических веществ, не достигаются. Когда единственной альтернативой является неконтролируемое сваливание отходов, это может стать 53 Наиболее всеобъемлющий глобальный природоохранный договор об опасных и других отходах: Программа Организации Объединенных Наций по окружающей среде. Базельская конвенция о контроле за трансграничной перевозкой опасных отходов и их удалением. ООН, Женева, 1989 г., <www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview>. 54 Программа ООН по окружающей среде. Стокгольмская конвенция о стойких органических загрязнителях (СОЗ). ООН, Женева, 1989 <www.pops.int>. Это глобальный договор об охране здоровья населения и окружающей среды от особо опасных и стойких химических веществ путем ограничения и, в конечном итоге, о ликвидации их производства, использования, торговли ими, выпуска и хранения. 55 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Безопасное управление отходами медико-санитарной деятельности. ВОЗ, Женева, 2014. http://apps.who.int/iris/ bitstream/10665/259684/1/WHO-FWC-WSH-17.05-rus.pdf?ua=1. наилучшим из имеющихся вариантов в качестве временной меры. Там, где практикуется низкотемпературное сжигание, медицинским учреждениям следует избегать сжигания пластмасс на основе ПВХ и других хлорированных отходов, которое может приводить к образованию диоксинов и фуранов. Для целей глобального мониторинга СПМ рассматривает использование мусоросжигательных печей, в том числе однокамерных, как базовый уровень услуг, но открытое сжигание таковым не считает. Также базовым уровнем считается захоронение отходов в защищенной облицованной яме или их вывоз для обработки за пределами территории учреждения. В принципе, технологии обработки паром, такие как автоклавирование, или такие инновационные технологии, как микроволновое излучение и обработка фрикционным теплом, тоже позволяют полноценно обезвреживать отходы и могли бы соответствовать базовому уровню услуг, но они обычно недоступны в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов или не учитываются в большинстве оценок учреждений. В ходе некоторых обследований (в том числе SARA и SPA) собирается информация о различных технологиях обработки (рис. 64), но во многих оценках регистрируется только сам факт сжигания отходов. 57 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ОБРАЩЕНИЯ С ОТХОДАМИ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Государство обязано устанавливать собственные стандарты обращения с медицинскими отходами и осуществлять программы, направленные на повышение уровня услуг в соответствии с мерами по укреплению системы здравоохранения. Глобальный показатель базового уровня услуг служит хорошей отправной точкой, но не включает таких важных аспектов обращения с отходами, как надежность функционирования мусоросжигательных печей, возможности минимизации образования отходов и утилизация последов в родильных отделениях/палатах. Даже в медицинских учреждениях, в которых достигнут базовый уровень, услуги по обращению с отходами все равно могут требовать улучшения. Там, где позволяют средства, следует осуществлять мониторинг дополнительных показателей, соответствующих установленным в стране приоритетам. Исправность мусоросжигательных печей Безопасным методом обработки медицинских отходов считается высокотемпературное сжигание в двухкамерной печи, так как это позволяет минимизировать образование токсичных соединений. Однако в некоторых странах мусоросжигательные печи в медицинских учреждениях неисправны или для их функционирования нет топлива (рис. 65). Например, в Малави мусоросжигательную печь имели более половины медицинских учреждений, но во время проведения обследования печь находилась в исправном состоянии в 88% этих учреждений, а топливо имелось только в 45% учреждений. В Сомали мусоросжигательная печь имелась в 15% медицинских учреждений, однако система функционировала и для нее имелось топливо только в 60% и в 66% этих учреждений, соответственно. Минимизация отходов Если медицинские отходы не подвергаются безопасной обработке, они могут оказывать вредное воздействие на здоровье людей и состояние окружающей среды. В некоторых странах в окружающую среду без безопасной обработки выбрасывается большое количество инфекционных и острых отходов, образующихся в медицинских учреждениях. Например, в Йемене в ходе оценки 72 больниц, проведенной в 2017 г., было установлено, что в каждой из них образовывалось в среднем около 8,2 кг острых отходов в день и из этого количества 5 кг безопасно не разделялись, а разделялись и обрабатывались безопасно только 1,3 кг (рис. 66). Аналогичным образом, каждый день в среднем образовывалось 11,8 кг инфекционных отходов, но из них безопасно разделялись и обрабатывались только 1,5 кг. Мусоросжигательные установки не всегда находятся в рабочем состоянии и не всегда обеспечены топливом для работы РИС. 65 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых мусоросжигательные печи были в рабочем состоянии и обеспечены топливом для работы во время проведения обследования, по странам (%) ■ В РАБОЧЕМ СОСТОЯНИИ ■ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНЫ ТОПЛИВОМ Н еп ал (2 01 5) М ья нм а (2 01 4) То го (2 01 2) Ш ри -Л ан ка (2 01 7) Бу рк ин а- Ф ас о (2 01 2) Д ем ок ра ти че ск ая Ре сп уб ли ка Ко нг о (2 01 4) Уг ан да (2 01 4) М ал ав и (2 01 4) О бъ ед ин ен на я Ре сп уб ли ка Та нз ан ия (2 01 4) Ба нг ла де ш (2 01 4) С ом ал и (2 01 6) 100 96 91 89 87 93 63 74 84 45 82 54 66 95 95 94 92 91 91 88 84 60 60 80 60 40 20 0 58 УС ЛУ ГИ П О О БР А Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Обеспечить безопасную обработку и удаление опасных медицинских отходов очень важно, но не менее важно исключить из потока отходов, требующих дорогостоящей технологии обработки, такой как стерилизация или высокотемпературное сжигание, отходы безопасные. В 2014 г. была проведена оценка состава потоков инфекционных отходов в медицинских учреждениях Ирландии и было установлено, что зараженными в этих потоках были 66% отходов, 19% составляли чистые упаковочные материалы, которые были неопасны, а 15% представляли собой незараженные отходы, не создававшие потенциального риска (рис. 67). Затраты, вызванные неправильным отделением неопасных отходов и их попаданием в поток опасных медицинских отходов, оценивались в сумме 700 евро за тонну. Исходя из того, что объем образующихся отходов на одно стационарное койко-место составлял 1,9 кг в больницах и 0,2 кг в медицинских центрах, правительство подсчитало, что больницы могли бы экономить до 27000 евро, а медицинские центры до 6000 евро в год, если бы добились исключения неопасных отходов из потоков опасных отходов.56 56 Irish Environmental Protection Agency, Reducing Waste in Irish Healthcare Facilities: Results, guidance and tips from a 3-year programme, CIT Press, Cork, 2014, <www.epa.ie/pubs/ advice/green%20business/Reducing-food-waste-in-Irish-healthcare-Facilities-foodwaste-guidance-booklet-reduced-size.pdf>. 57 Olanyiy, FC, Ogola, JS, and Tshitangano, TG, ‘A review of medical waste management in South Africa’, Open Environmental Sciences, 2018, 10, pp 34–45, <benthamopen.com/ FULLTEXT/TOENVIRJ-10-34>. Кроме финансовых последствий ненадлежащего разделения отходов, есть и другие ограничения, связанные с ресурсами, которые нужно принять во внимание: это занимаемое пространство и организация свалок. В Южной Африке в 2013 г. медицинскими учреждениями было выработано примерно 45000 тонн медицинских отходов. Санкционированные свалки не справлялись с большими объемами поступающих медицинских отходов, и в результате появились сообщения о незаконном сваливании отходов.57 Разделение неопасных отходов и недопущение их попадания в поток опасных отходов уменьшает объем отходов, которые требуют обработки, и в местах, где свалки для безопасного удаления переполнены, может смягчить риски для здоровья, связанные с незаконным сваливанием медицинских отходов. Применение передовых методов обращения с отходами позволяет избежать попадания как можно большего количества материалов в отходы или регенерировать и повторно использовать как можно больше материалов, чтобы уменьшить потребность в обработке и удалении отходов. 59 УС ЛУГИ П О О БРА Щ ЕН И Ю С О Т ХО Д А М И В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Утилизация последов Обращение с патологическими отходами должно включать безопасную утилизацию последов в любом родовспомогательном учреждении. Последы, как и вообще все патологические отходы, не нужно обрабатывать химическими дезинфицирующими веществами, которые убивают микроорганизмы, способствующие процессу разложения. Рекомендуемыми вариантами удаления являются безопасное захоронение патологических отходов на кладбищах или безопасное сжигание в крематориях. В условиях нехватки ресурсов распространенным способом обработки является погребение последа в специальной яме, в которой происходит биоразложение твердого вещества и фильтрация жидкостей в грунт. В некоторых культурных традициях матери и их родственники могут пожелать забрать послед домой или похоронить его самостоятельно. Данные об утилизации последов имеются в немногих странах, однако интересным примером в этом отношении служит Камбоджа. Там в 2016 г. в 69% больниц и медицинских центров последы обычно обрабатывались в расположенных на территории учреждений специальных защищенных ямах, в 20% мать обычно забирала послед домой, в 6% послед зарывали в землю на территории учреждения, а в остальных 5% учреждений услуги родовспоможения не оказывались (рис. 68). Когда медицинских работников спросили, какие главные проблемы, связанные с WASH, существуют в их учреждении, 7% респондентов конкретно указали на отсутствие специальной ямы для захоронения последов. Значительная часть отходов, образующихся в больницах Йемена, не разделялась или не обрабатывалась РИС. 66 Образование, разделение и обработка острых отходов в больницах Йемена (проект ВОЗ «Здравоохранение и питание в чрезвычайных ситуациях», 2017 г.) (%) 8,2 кг/день образуются 1,8 кг/день безопасно обрабатываются 5,0 кг/день не разделяются 1,3 кг/день не обрабатываются безопасно При более тщательном разделении отходов можно уменьшить объем медицинских отходов, направляемых на обработку РИС. 67 Доля отходов по уровню зараженности в общем потоке медицинских отходов в Ирландии (Агентство охраны окружающей среды Ирландии, 2014 г.) (%) ■ НЕЗАРАЖЕННЫЕ ОТХОДЫ (НИЗКИЙ РИСК) ■ ЧИСТЫЕ УПАКОВОЧНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ (РИСКА НЕТ) ■ ЗАРАЖЕННЫЕ ОТХОДЫ (ВЫСОКИЙ РИСК) 66 19 15 Часто последы помещаются в специальную яму для захоронения или забираются матерью домой РИС. 68 Способы утилизации последов в больницах и медицинских центрах Камбоджи (Национальный институт общественного здравоохранения, 2016 г., n=117) (%) ■ МАТЬ ЗАБИРАЕТ ДОМОЙ ■ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЕ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ■ ПОМЕЩАЮТСЯ В СПЕЦИАЛЬНУЮ ЗАЩИЩЕННУЮ ЯМУ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ 69 6 5 20 ■ УСЛУГИ РОДОВСПОМОЖЕНИЯ НЕ ОКАЗЫВАЮТСЯ 60 УС ЛУ ГИ П О П О Д Д ЕР Ж А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КР УЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕ Д Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ УСЛУГИ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ 58 World Health Organization, Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level, WHO, Geneva, 2016, <www.who.int/gpsc/ipc-components/en>. 59 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infection Control Africa Network, Best Practices for Environmental Cleaning in Healthcare Facilities (DRAFT), CDC and ICAN, Atlanta, 2019. Заметную роль в передаче инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (ИСМП), играет загрязнение окружающей среды. Некоторые патогенные микроорганизмы, связанные с ИСМП, могут месяцами выживать на таких поверхностях, как кроватные перила, столы и полы.58 Одной из главных мер по профилактике и контролю инфекций (ПКИ) является полноценное поддержание чистоты окружающей среды, и имеются данные, показывающие, что это существенно снижает передачу ИСМП. Поддержание чистоты окружающей среды означает очистку и дезинфицирование (когда необходимо) поверхностей в окружающей среде (например, кроватных перил, кнопок вызова персонала, стульев) и поверхностей некритического оборудования для оказания помощи пациентам (например, штативы для внутривенных вливаний, стетоскопы).59 Поддержание чистоты окружающей среды также включает мойку полов и ванных комнат и удаление разлитой крови или биологических жидкостей организма. Для поддержания чистоты окружающей среды требуются такие предметы, как инструменты для уборки (например, ветошь и тряпки для вытирания, швабры, ведра) и чистящие материалы (например, моющие и дезинфицирующие средства), а также индивидуальные средства защиты для уборщиц/уборщиков. Кроме того, основным условием для поддержания чистоты окружающей среды является доступ к достаточным количествам чистой воды. Для разных видов уборки и поддержания чистоты, включая регулярно проводимую плановую уборку, окончательную уборку после выписки пациента и неплановую уборку после каких-либо событий, например, разлив крови или биологических жидкостей организма, следует использовать разные предметы и материалы. Во всех медицинских учреждениях должны быть установлены порядок и правила поддержания чистоты окружающей среды, в которых описывается требуемый вид и частота уборки для различных целей, указывается, кто отвечает за поддержание чистоты, как должна выполняться эта работа и как должен вестись ее учет. В медицинских учреждениях должны быть разработаны в письменном виде протоколы или стандартные операционные процедуры (СОПы), в которых конкретно указывается, какие инструменты и материалы должны использоваться для каждого вида работ по поддержанию чистоты, и содержатся пошаговые инструкции по выполнению этого процесса. В СОПах также должны быть описаны подготовительные действия, такие как использование индивидуальных средств защиты, и заключительные действия, такие как обращение с грязными материалами и предметами, использованными при уборке. ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ Базовый уровень услуг Имеются базовые протоколы проведения уборки и весь персонал, отвечающий за уборку и поддержание чистоты, прошел соответствующее обучение. Ограниченный уровень услуг Имеются протоколы поддержания чистоты и/или как минимум некоторые сотрудники прошли обучение по проведению уборки. Отсутствие услуг Протоколы уборки отсутствуют и никто из персонала не обучен проведению уборки. РИС. 69 Иерархическая лестница услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях 61 УС ЛУГИ П О П О Д Д ЕРЖ А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КРУЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕД Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ Инструкции и СОПы действуют только тогда, когда медицинские работники ознакомлены с ними и обучены их выполнению. В правилах и инструкциях по поддержанию чистоты должно быть ясно указано, кто за какие виды уборки отвечает, и должны быть установлены требования к базовому обучению и повышению квалификации всех работников, отвечающих за поддержание чистоты в учреждении. В настоящем докладе вводится концепция иерархической лестницы услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды, которая определяет базовый минимум услуг для всех медицинских учреждений и позволяет на основании имеющихся в настоящий момент данных, полученных из национальных источников, классифицировать учреждения как имеющие базовый уровень услуг, ограниченный уровень услуг или учреждения, в которых услуги отсутствуют (рис. 69). Базовый уровень услуг включает наличие в письменном виде протоколов и проведение соответствующего обучения всего персонала, отвечающего за поддержание чистоты. Учреждения, в которых либо нет протоколов, либо было проведено обучение по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды некоторых, но не всех работников, классифицируются как имеющие ограниченный уровень услуг, а учреждения, в которых нет протоколов и не было проведено обучения, считаются учреждениями, где услуги отсутствуют. Во всем мире национальные оценки базового уровня поддержания чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях имелись только в четырех странах (рис. 70). Еще в трех странах имелись данные либо о наличии протоколов поддержания чистоты, либо об организации обучения медицинских работников (рис. 71). Среди стран, имевших информацию об обоих аспектах, наличие протоколов отмечалось чаще, чем факт проведения обучения, на Мальдивах и в Тунисе, тогда как в Черногории проведение обучения было распространено больше, чем наличие протоколов. Оценки базового уровня услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды в 2016 г. имелись в четырех странах РИС. 70 Базовые услуги по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях, 2016 г. (%) ■ УСЛУГИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ ■ ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ 100 80 60 40 20 0 С ан -М ар ин о Че рн ог ор ия Ту ни с М ал ьд ив ы 100 80 43 18 15 5 8 49 38 44 В странах, в которых имелись данные, не во всех медицинских учреждениях в 2016 г. были протоколы поддержания чистоты окружающей среды и не весь персонал прошел соответствующее обучение РИС. 71 Протоколы и обучение по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях, 2016 г. (%) ■ ПРОТОКОЛЫ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЯ ЧИСТОТЫ ■ ОБУЧЕНИЕ ПО ПОДДЕРЖАНИЮ ЧИСТОТЫ 100 Китай Мальдивы Тунис Черногория Либерия Азербайджан Сан-Марино 80 60 40 20 0 46 62 19 51 43 80 85 90 100 100 100 * * * * Данные отсутствуют 62 УС ЛУ ГИ П О П О Д Д ЕР Ж А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КР УЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕ Д Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ПОДДЕРЖАНИЯ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ Государства должны сами устанавливать для себя стандарты поддержания чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях и принимать программы улучшения таких услуг в соответствии с общей линией на укрепление систем здравоохранения. Глобальный показатель базового уровня услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях служит полезной отправной точкой, но не включает таких важных аспектов, как непосредственно наблюдаемая чистота, периодичность проведения уборки, наличие материалов для поддержания чистоты и использование индивидуальных средств защиты. В некоторых медицинских учреждениях базовый уровень услуг уже мог быть достигнут, но услуги по поддержанию чистоты все еще нуждаются в улучшении. В зависимости от своих приоритетов и имеющихся ресурсов страны могли бы рассмотреть вопрос о принятии дополнительных показателей, соответствующих более высоким уровням услуг. Приведенные ниже примеры являются иллюстрацией проводимого в странах мониторинга услуг сверх базового уровня поддержания чистоты окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях, но всеобъемлющим описанием ситуации они не являются. 63 УС ЛУГИ П О П О Д Д ЕРЖ А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КРУЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕД Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Непосредственно наблюдаемая чистота Хотя мониторинг элементов базового уровня услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды (наличие протоколов и степень обученности персонала) обычно позволяет более объективно сравнивать положение дел и требует меньше ресурсов, чем непосредственное наблюдение чистоты в учреждении, данные непосредственного наблюдения чистоты в медицинских учреждениях могут дать ценную дополнительную информацию. Обследования в Малави, Сенегале и Бангладеш выявили примеры систем мониторинга, при которых бригады по проведению обследования проводят внезапные выборочные проверки в учреждениях и фиксируют, чисто ли были вытерты кухонные и обеденные столы и стулья и были ли подметены полы (рис. 72). В Тунисе общий балл за чистоту, выставленный учреждениям здравоохранения, составил 54% по пяти непосредственно наблюдаемым критериям:60 • на видном месте вывешены графики уборки; • графики уборки соблюдаются; • полы, стены и потолки чистые; • нет неприятных запахов или запаха табачного дыма; • на мебели нет пыли и грязи. 60 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017, <winhcf.org>. 61 Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Основные стандарты гигиены окружающей среды в медицинских учреждениях. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/water_ sanitation_health/publications/ehs_hc/ru/. 62 Bhutan Ministry of Health, Understanding Water, Sanitation & Hygiene in Health Care Facilities: Status in hospitals of Bhutan, Public Health Engineering Division, city, 2016, <www. washinhcf.org/documents/WASH-IN-HCF-Report-2016.pdf>. Периодичность проведения уборки Согласно глобальным рекомендациям, все горизонтальные поверхности в медицинских учреждениях должны очищаться не реже одного раза в день и всякий раз, когда они становятся грязными.61 Рекомендуется вытирать их влажной тряпкой с горячей водой и моющим средством. Данные о периодичности и способах уборки в медицинских учреждениях имеются в немногих странах, но можно утверждать, что в некоторых учреждениях плановая уборка производится намного реже, чем раз в день, и еще меньше таких учреждений, где уборка производится каждый день с горячей водой и моющим средством. Например, в 2016 г. в Бутане только в 68% больниц поверхности вытирались тряпкой с хлоркой или моющим средством,62 тогда как в Камбодже уборка производилась не реже одного раза в день в 79% медицинских учреждений, а ежедневно моющее средство применялось в 53% учреждений (рис. 73). Наличие материалов для поддержания чистоты Для проведения плановых уборок требуется постоянный запас чистящих материалов, включая моющие и дезинфицирующие Медицинские учреждения не всегда бывают чистыми РИС. 72 Непосредственно наблюдаемая чистота в медицинских учреждениях в Малави, Сенегале и Бангладеш (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 Малави (2013) (n=977) Сенегал (2017) (n=781) Бангладеш (2014) (n=1548) 91 86 82 55 76 51 ■ ПОЛЫ ПОДМЕТЕНЫ ■ КУХОННЫЕ СТОЛЫ/ОБЕДЕННЫЕ СТОЛЫ/ СТУЛЬЯ ЧИСТО ВЫТЕРТЫ РИС. 73 Периодичность уборки и использование моющего средства в медицинских учреждениях в Камбодже (Национальный институт общественного здравоохранения, 2016 г., n=116) (%) В 2016 г. в Камбодже ежедневная уборка с использованием моющего средства производилась в половине медицинских учреждений ■ РАЗ В НЕДЕЛЮ ■ РАЗ В 2 ДНЯ ■ РАЗ В 3−4 ДНЯ ■ НЕ РЕЖЕ ОДНОГО РАЗА В ДЕНЬ 100 80 60 40 20 0 Уборка Уборка с использованием моющего средства 79 53 16 21 10 2 6 13 64 УС ЛУ ГИ П О П О Д Д ЕР Ж А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КР УЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕ Д Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ В семи из 21 страны, по которым имелись данные, дезинфицирующее средство в кабинетах приема амбулаторных больных было в наличии менее чем в 75% медицинских учреждений РИС. 74 Доля медицинских учреждений в 21 стране, в которых в кабинетах приема амбулаторных больных имеется дезинфицирующее средство для поддержания чистоты окружающей среды, 2012-17 (%) Сомали (2016) Непал (2015) Демократическая Республика Конго (2014) Гаити (2013) Объединенная Республика Танзания (2014) Бангладеш (2014) Малави (2013) Джибути (2015) Уганда (2017) Шри-Ланка (2017) Нигерия (2017) Эфиопия (2017) Нигер (2017) Кот-д‘Ивуар (2017) Индия (2016) Индонезия (2016) Бенин (2013) Кения (2017) Того (2012) Буркина-Фасо (2018) Гана (2016) 0 20 40 60 80 100 39 59 60 60 61 70 72 85 86 88 88 89 94 96 96 96 97 98 98 99 100 средства, но часто дезинфицирующих средств в наличии нет. Из 21 страны, по которым имелись данные, в семи странах в кабинетах приема амбулаторных больных дезинфицирующее средство на момент проведения обследования имелось менее чем в 75% медицинских учреждений (рис. 74). В Сомали в 2016 г. дезинфицирующее средство в кабинетах приема амбулаторных больных имелось менее чем в 40% учреждений. Чистящие материалы в разных местах оказания медицинской помощи В каждом месте оказания медицинской помощи должны быть отдельные материалы и оборудование для поддержания чистоты. В некоторых медицинских учреждениях существуют большие различия между разными отделениями. Так, в Малави в 2013 г. дезинфицирующее средство имелось в наличии в 87% родильных отделений и только в 47% отделений вакцинации детей (рис. 75). Аналогичная картина наблюдалась в 2014 г. в медицинских учреждениях в Танзании. С другой стороны, в Сенегале в 2017 г. наличие дезинфицирующего средства в разных местах оказания помощи было одинаковым. 65 УС ЛУГИ П О П О Д Д ЕРЖ А Н И Ю Ч И С ТО ТЫ О КРУЖ А Ю Щ ЕЙ С РЕД Ы В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕЖ Д ЕН И ЯХ Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Места оказания помощи могут различаться по наличию дезинфицирующего средства РИС. 75 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых в различных местах оказания помощи имелось дезинфицирующее средство, в Сенегале, Малави и Объединенной Республике Танзания (%) 100 88 88 86 82 86 87 81 72 47 68 84 75 61 49 61 Сенегал (2017) Малави (2013) Объединенная Республика Танзания (2014) 80 60 40 20 0 ■ РОДИЛЬНОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ ■ ОБЩЕЕ АМБУЛАТОР- НОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ ■ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ ДЛЯ МАЛЫХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ ■ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ ДОРОДОВОЙ ПОМОЩИ ■ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ ВАКЦИНАЦИИ ДЕТЕЙ 66 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ НЕРАВЕНСТВА 63 Всемирная организация здравоохранения, Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития и Всемирный банк. Предоставление качественных услуг здравоохранения: обязательное условие всеобщего охвата услугами здравоохранения на мировом уровне. ВОЗ, ОЭСР и Всемирный банк, Женева, 2018 г. https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/312003. 64 Устав Всемирной организации здравоохранения. ВОЗ, Женева, 1946 г. <www.who.int/about/who-we-are/constitution>. 65 Комиссия по социальным детерминантам здоровья. Ликвидировать разрыв в течение жизни одного поколения. Сохранение принципа справедливости в здравоохранении путем воздействия на социальные детерминанты здоровья. ВОЗ, Женева, 2008 г. https://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/ru/. 66 См., например: World Health Organization, Monitoring Health Inequality: An essential step for achieving health equity, WHO, Geneva, 2015, <https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ handle/10665/133849/WHO_FWC_GER_2014.1_eng.pdf>. Неравенства в доступе к медико-санитарной помощи широко распространены как между странами, так и внутри стран. Малообеспеченные и маргинализованные группы населения часто не имеют доступа к помощи и входят в число наиболее уязвимых с точки зрения болезней и предотвратимой смерти. По-прежнему сохраняются большие различия между богатыми и бедными слоями населения в доступе к медико-санитарным услугам, особенно к услугам, которые необходимы для снижения материнской и детской смертности и заболеваемости. Неравенства в доступе к медико-санитарной помощи наиболее резко выражены в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов, но и в условиях высокого уровня доходов несправедливость тоже распространена.63 Однако право на здоровье является одним из основных прав человека, которым обладают все люди и которое подтверждено в многочисленных конвенциях о правах человека, а также в Уставе ВОЗ 1946 г.64 В 2008 г. Комиссия по социальным детерминантам здоровья призвала к усилению мониторинга справедливости в отношении здоровья и к снижению несправедливых различий в показателях здоровья.65 С тех пор количественной оценке неравенств в отношении здоровья уделяется повышенное внимание,66 а одной из главных детерминант неравенства в отношении итоговых показателей здоровья являются различия между группами населения в доступе к первичной, вторичной и третичной медико-санитарной помощи. К числу препятствий, мешающих справедливому доступу к помощи, относятся платежи из собственного кармана и расстояние до медицинских учреждений, но в их число также входят наличие и качество услуг в различных типах учреждений. В предыдущих главах данного доклада говорилось об услугах WASH на уровне отдельных стран, регионов и на глобальном уровне. Агрегированные статистические данные такого рода 67 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Во многих странах нет дезагрегированных данных о базовых услугах WASH РИС. 76 Число стран, имеющих данные в целом по стране и дезагрегированные данные о базовых услугах WASH, 2016 г. ■ В ЦЕЛОМ В СТРАНЕ ■ БОЛЬНИЦЫ ■ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ■ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ■ СЕЛЬСКИЕ ■ ГОРОДСКИЕ ■ НЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ 50 40 30 20 10 0 38 22 27 21 1919 14 18 7 12 8 6 8 4 14 7 5 4 5 33 48 46 37 32 30 2727 4 2 2 2 2 11 Водоснабжение Гигиена Поддержание чистоты окружающей среды Санитария Обращение с отходами нужны для отслеживания прогресса во всем мире и для сравнения ситуации в разных странах, но они скрывают неравенства в доступе внутри стран. Исследовать такие неравенства можно путем разбиения услуг WASH на различные аспекты неравенства (или «стратификаторы») и выявления различий в услугах. При обследовании с целью оценки отдельно взятых учреждений можно собрать много видов информации, которую можно использовать для дезагрегирования показателей различных услуг. Однако эти стратификаторы не всегда одинаковы в разных обследованиях даже в одной и той же стране. В данном докладе главное внимание уделяется трем стратификаторам высокого уровня, которые включаются во многие оценки: • Тип медицинского учреждения. Медицинские учреждения могут быть самых разных типов – от современных базовых больниц при медицинских учебных заведениях, где работают тысячи сотрудников, выполняющих сложнейшие процедуры, до сельских амбулаторных медпунктов с одним или двумя медработниками, имеющими минимальный уровень профессиональной подготовки и ресурсов. В разных типах учреждений предоставляются разные виды медицинских услуг, и в зависимости от типа учреждения может существенно различаться охват услугами WASH и другими базовыми услугами. В национальных системах оценки и мониторинга не используется единообразная классификация типов учреждений, но во многих системах отмечается, являются ли подвергаемые оценке учреждения больницами или нет. Соответственно, СПМ подготовила оценки отдельно для больниц и для других типов учреждений, которые классифицируются как «не больницы». • Управляющий орган. В большинстве стран медико- санитарные услуги предоставляются как в государственных медицинских учреждениях (например, в государственных больницах, медпунктах и поликлиниках), так и в негосударственных, в число которых могут входить учреждения, находящиеся в ведении коммерческих частных корпораций, некоммерческие поставщики (в том числе религиозные организации) и индивидуальные поставщики медико-санитарной помощи. В одних случаях в процессе оценки собирается информация только о государственных учреждениях, в других производится оценка различных типов негосударственных учреждений. Относительно немногие страны имеют единую общенациональную базу данных, которая включает управляющие органы всех медицинских учреждений. • Географическое положение. Медицинские учреждения распределены по территории стран неравномерно, и в учреждениях, расположенных в отдаленных районах, могут с большей вероятностью отсутствовать базовые услуги. В большинстве оценок фиксируется местонахождение медицинских учреждений с указанием области, района или иной административной единицы. Данные по административно-территориальным единицам в стране важны для планирования на уровне страны, но их нельзя легко агрегировать до масштабов региона и всего мира. В некоторых оценках указывается, расположены ли медицинские учреждения в городе или в сельской местности, и это уже более полезное различие для анализа на региональном или глобальном уровне. В целом стран, имеющих дезагрегированные данные об услугах WASH, меньше, чем стран, в которых имеются общенациональные данные обо всех различных элементах услуг (рис. 76). Например, данные о базовом уровне услуг водоснабжения в стране в целом 68 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ имеют 38 стран, но всего половина стран (19) имеют раздельные данные по городам и по сельской местности. У стран чаще бывают дезагрегированные данные об отдельных элементах показателей базового уровня услуг, чем о самих показателях базовых услуг, но все равно есть лишь несколько отдельных элементов, по которым имеется достаточно дезагрегированных данных для того, чтобы можно было рассчитать глобальные оценки (таблица 7). Кроме того, анализ неравенств в региональных и глобальных масштабах осложняется неравномерным распределением данных, так как статистика в странах, представляющих данные для расчета глобальных оценок, может быть разная. Таблица 7 показывает, что во всем мире приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи имеют 90% больниц и 54% не-больниц. Оба эти статистических показателя построены на данных, охватывающих 35−38% населения земного шара. Однако на данные, касающиеся больниц, большое влияние оказывает статистика Индии, в которой не было сравнимых данных о не-больницах, в то время как расчетная оценка для не-больниц отражает влияние данных из Китая, в котором не было сравнимых данных о больницах. Поэтому сравнивать агрегированные статистические данные следует осторожно. Более строгий анализ можно выполнить путем сравнения парных оценок для стран, в которых имеются данные по обоим ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЙ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ДЕЛ ЛУЧШЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ДЕЛ ХУЖЕ Услуги водоснабжения отсутствуют Больницы: 4% Не-больницы:11% Услуги водоснабжения отсутствуют Негосударственные: 6%* Государственные: 12% Услуги водоснабжения отсутствуют В городах: 5% В сельской местности: 15% Услуги санитарии отсутствуют Больницы: 9% Не-больницы: 20% Услуги санитарии отсутствуют Государственные: 16% Негосударственные: 36% Приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи Больницы: 90% Не-больницы: 54% Разделение отходов Больницы: 75% Не-больницы: 60% * Данные за 2015 г. Для расчета глобальной оценки за 2016 г. данных недостаточно. ТАБЛИЦА 7 Дезагрегированные глобальные оценки элементов услуг WASH, 2016 г. Услуги водоснабжения и санитарии чаще отсутствуют в сельской местности, в не-больницах и в государственных медицинских учреждениях РИС. 77 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых в 2016 г. отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения или санитарии, с разбивкой по стратификаторам неравенства (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Го ро дс ки е Сельские 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Бо ль ни цы Не-больницы 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Го су да рс тв ен ны е Негосударственные 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Сельские 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Не-больницы 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Негосударственные Го ро дс ки е Бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е 69 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. типам учреждений. На рис. 77 иллюстрируется вывод о том, что в большинстве стран, имеющих данные, медицинские учреждения, в которых отсутствуют услуги водоснабжения и санитарии, чаще встречаются в сельской местности, и что в больницах услуги отсутствуют реже, чем в не-больницах. В государственных учреждениях услуги водоснабжения или санитарии отсутствуют немного чаще, чем в негосударственных, но по этому стратификатору между странами наблюдаются более значительные различия. Отчасти это может объясняться различиями в негосударственных учреждениях, к которым могут относиться как небольшие общинные медпункты, так и крупные частные больницы. Данные о месте нахождения и типе источника водоснабжения и о наличии воды из него часто поступают из разных источников, но СПМ для расчета оценок использует все имеющиеся в стране данные (см. Приложение 1. Методы, применяемые в СПМ). В некоторых случаях всю информацию, которая нужна для расчета охвата базовыми услугами, удается получить из одного источника данных (рис. 78). В результате обследования ECPSS−2017 было установлено, что хотя почти во всех медицинских учреждениях в Сенегале (>98%) имелась та или иная система водоснабжения, а уровень использования улучшенных источников во всех местах и типах учреждений был высок (>85%), охват базовыми услугами водоснабжения в сельской местности был существенно ниже, чем в городах. Также более низкий охват базовыми услугами наблюдался в не-больницах и в государственных учреждениях, потому что даже когда у них были улучшенные системы водоснабжения, вода в них на момент проведения оценки была не всегда. Наличие базовых услуг водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях может широко различаться в зависимости от типа и местонахождения РИС. 78 Услуги водоснабжения в Сенегале, «Непрерывное обследование предоставления услуг медико-санитарной помощи» (ECPSS), 2017 г. (%) ■ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ/НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ, ИМЕЕТСЯ ВОДА ■ БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ В ПРЕДЕЛАХ 500 М 100 80 60 40 20 0 В целом в стране Д ол я м ед иц ин ск их у чр еж де ни й (% ) В сельской местности В городах Больницы Не-больницы Государствен ные Негосударс твенные 70 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ТИП УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ОПИСАНИЕ РОДСТВЕННЫЕ ТЕРМИНЫ Больница третичного уровня Высокоспециализированные сотрудники и техническое оснащение: например, оборудование для кардиологии, интенсивной терапии и специальные системы визуализации; высокий уровень дифференциации клинических услуг по функциям; может проводиться учебный процесс; размеры варьируют от 300 до 1500 коек. • Национальная больница • Центральная больница • Академическая больница, клиника при медицинском учебном заведении или университетская клиника Больница вторичного уровня Высокий уровень дифференциации по функциям, от пяти до десяти клинических специальностей; размеры варьируют от 200 до 800 коек. • Региональная больница • Областная больница • Больница общего профиля Больница первичного уровня Специальностей немного – главным образом лечение заболеваний внутренних органов, акушерство и гинекология, педиатрия и общая хирургия или просто общая практика; имеются ограниченные лабораторные службы для общего, но не специализированного анализа патологий. • Районная больница • Сельская больница • Местная больница • Больница общего профиля ТАБЛИЦА 8 Описания различных типов больниц и термины для их обозначения67 67 Jamison, DT et al., eds., Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, second edition, Chapter 66 ‘Referral hospitals’, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and World Bank, Washington D.C., and Oxford University Press, New York, 2006, <www.who.int/management/referralhospitals.pdf>. Тип учреждения Какой-либо универсальной системы классификации, описывающей разные типы учреждений, которые образуют национальную систему здравоохранения, нет. Существует общая типология услуг, включающая первичную, вторичную и третичную помощь, в соответствии с которой обычно, хотя и не всегда, услуги вторичной и третичной медико-санитарной помощи предоставляются в больницах по направлениям медицинского работника первичного звена. Больницы представляют собой крупные медицинские учреждения, предоставляющие различные стационарные и амбулаторные виды помощи. В странах приняты разные определения того, что представляет собой больница, и обычно существует целый ряд типов больниц, выполняющих разнообразные функции (таблица 8). Одной из основных характеристик, по которым различаются разные типы больниц, является число коек для предоставления стационарных услуг. Первичная медико-санитарная помощь может быть предоставлена в больницах, но во многих случаях первая точка соприкосновения пациентов с системой здравоохранения находится в меньшем по размеру медицинском учреждении. Помимо больниц, имеется широкий спектр других учреждений, в которых может быть оказана первичная помощь, но единообразного набора терминов для описания этих разных учреждений нет. Такие небольшие медицинские учреждения можно встретить в сельских, пригородных и городских населенных пунктах, и часто они оказывают амбулаторную, а не стационарную помощь. Ниже перечислены некоторые наиболее часто используемые термины, которые обозначают учреждения, не являющиеся больницами: • Медицинский центр (центр здоровья), центр первичной медицинской помощи, участковый (местный, общинный) медицинский центр. • Клиника, поликлиника. • Медпункт. • Здравпункт. • Амбулатория. • Бесплатная амбулатория. • Специализированная клиника (например, стоматологическая, психиатрическая). • Врачебный кабинет. • Мобильный здравпункт (например, для проведения вакцинации). Когда позволяет наличие данных, СПМ для целей сводного анализа группирует все медицинские учреждения, которые нельзя классифицировать как больницы, в категорию «не- больниц», исключая из этой категории очень маленькие учреждения (например, бесплатные амбулатории, врачебные кабинеты, мобильные здравпункты) и специализированные клиники. Поскольку в странах всегда имеется намного больше не-больниц, чем больниц, на статистику страны по всем медицинским учреждениям сильно влияют условия в не- больницах. Многие страны имеют данные по различным услугам WASH с разбивкой на больницы и не-больницы. Обычно уровень услуг выше в больницах, и в некоторых случаях отмечаются большие различия (рис. 79). Например, в Демократической Республике Конго по наличию приспособлений для соблюдения требований гигиены в местах оказания помощи и по базовым услугам по обращению с отходами больницы были на 20 процентных пунктов впереди не-больниц и более чем на 40 процентных пунктов впереди по показателю улучшенных источников воды в помещении/на прилегающей территории и по показателю улучшенных санитарно-технических сооружений. В Буркина-Фасо базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами были обеспечены 86% больниц, но всего 32% других медицинских учреждений. В Бангладеш и Зимбабве различия между больницами и не- больницами были намного меньше. В небольшом числе случаев (например, в Либерии и Гане) охват некоторыми услугами WASH в не-больницах был выше, чем в больницах. 71 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Эти неравенства могут оказывать негативное влияние на способность медицинских работников в небольших учреждениях предоставлять качественную медицинскую помощь. Например, в Центральноафриканской Республике работникам 62% медицинских учреждений и 86% здравпунктов приходилось носить воду из источников, расположенных за пределами прилегающей территории; среди больниц таких учреждений было 26% (рис. 80). Из этих учреждений в 10% больниц, 9% других медицинских учреждений и 13% здравпунктов путь в один конец для доставки воды, по сообщениям работников, занимал более 30 минут. Большие неравенства отмечались также в Камбодже, где уборка с моющим средством как минимум один раз в день производилась в 80% больниц и только в 48% других медицинских учреждений (рис. 81). Ни одна больница не сообщала о том, что уборка производилась реже, чем раз в два дня, тогда как в 12% других медицинских учреждений уборка с использованием моющего средства производилась только один раз в неделю. Внутри общих классов больниц и не-больниц также могут быть значительные различия в инфраструктуре и услугах WASH (рис. 83). В Непале процент подведения к канализационной системе или наличия септиктенков в разных типах больниц составлял от 67% до 100%, а охват водопроводными системами не-больниц колебался от 43% самых маленьких здравпунктов до 71% пунктов тестирования на ВИЧ и консультирования по поводу ВИЧ-инфекции. Дезагрегированные данные показывают неравенства между больницами и не-больницами РИС. 79 Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенным источником воды в помещении/на прилегающей территории, приспособлениями для гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи и базовым уровнем услуг по обращению с отходами 0 20 40 60 80 100 Бангладеш Бенин Буркина-Фасо Бурунди Чад Коморские Острова Конго Демократическая Республика Конго Джибути Эфиопия Гана Гаити Кения Либерия Малави Мавритания Мьянма Непал Нигерия Сан-Марино Сенегал Сомали Шри-Ланка Уганда Объединенная Республика Танзания Замбия Зимбабве Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенным источником воды в помещении/на прилегающей территории (%) в 2016 г. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенными санитарно-техническими сооружениями (%) в 2016 г. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых имеются условия для соблюдения требований гигиены в местах оказания помощи (%) в 2016 г. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Доля медицинских учреждений с базовым уровнем услуг по обращению с отходами (%) в 2016 г. БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ Работники не-больниц в Центральноафриканской Республике тратят на доставку воды больше времени РИС. 80 Путь в один конец до источника воды (в минутах) в Центральноафриканской Республике («Обследование исходного состояния медицинских учреждений», 2016 г.) (%) ■ >60 МИНУТ ■ 31–60 ■ 11–20 ■ 1–10 ■ В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ/ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ■ 21–30 Больницы (n=111) Здравпункты (n=113) Медицинские центры (n=108) Д ол я м ед иц ин ск их у чр еж де ни й (% ) 100 80 60 40 20 0 74 5 16 38 38 9 14 52 10 12 11 2 7 8 15 72 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ 68 В 2015 г. во всем мире услуги водоснабжения отсутствовали в 6% негосударственных медицинских учреждений. Для расчета оценки по 2016 году данных было недостаточно. Управляющий орган Медицинскими учреждениями часто непосредственно управляет государство через центральные или местные государственные органы. Негосударственные медицинские учреждения могут находиться в ведении коммерческих частных корпораций, некоммерческих поставщиков (в том числе религиозных организаций) и индивидуальных поставщиков медико-санитарной помощи, таких как частные врачи. В некоторых странах и по некоторым показателям охват выше среди государственных учреждений, но в других случаях ситуация противоположная. Во всем мире государственных учреждений, в которых отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения, было в два раза больше (12%), чем негосударственных (6%),68 однако в Кении, Бенине и Гане ситуация была противоположной (рис. 83). Во всем мире негосударственных учреждений, в которых отсутствовали услуги санитарии, было более чем в два раза больше (36%), чем государственных (16%), но в 16 из 27 стран, в которых имелись данные, в государственных учреждениях услуги санитарии отсутствовали чаще. На рис. 83 показано, что среди стран нет отчетливо выраженной закономерности в различиях между государственными и В Камбодже в больницах уборка производится чаще, чем в других медицинских учреждениях РИС. 81 Периодичность уборки в медицинских центрах и больницах в Камбодже (Национальный институт общественного здравоохранения, 2016 г.) ■ ОДИН РАЗ В НЕДЕЛЮ ■ РАЗ В 2 ДНЯ ■ НЕ РЕЖЕ ОДНОГО РАЗА В ДЕНЬ ■ РАЗ В 3−4 ДНЯ любая уборка любая уборка уборка с моющим средством уборка с моющим средством 100 80 60 40 20 0 Больница: Медицинский центр: 78 13 7 2 48 15 25 12 88 13 80 20 Среди больниц и не-больниц Непала наблюдаются широкие различия в доступе к водопроводу и в подведении к канализационной системе или наличии септиктенков РИС. 82 Доля медицинских учреждений в Непале, имеющих водопровод и подведенных к канализационной системе или имеющих септиктенки, с разбивкой на типы учреждений («Оценка предоставления услуг», 2015 г.) (%) Очень маленькие здравпункты (n=112) Здравпункты (n=312) Городские медицинские центры (n=47) Центры тестирования на ВИЧ и консультирования по поводу ВИЧ-инфекции (n=51) Центры первичной медико-са- нитарной помощи (n=200) Все не-больницы (n=722) Государственные больницы районного уровня (n=18) Районные государственные больницы (n=58) Субрегиональные государственные больницы (n=3) Провинциальные государственные больницы (n=2) Зональные государственные больницы (n=11) Государственные больницы центрального уровня (n=6) Центральные государственные больницы (n=5) Другие больницы (негосударственные) (n=166) Все больницы (n=270) Доля медицинских учреждений, имеющих водопровод (%) Доля медицинских учреждений, подведенных к канализационной системе или имеющих септиктенки (%) 43 58 55 71 70 60 78 81 100 100 64 83 60 63 69 69 71 74 78 83 75 100 83 67 100 91 100 80 84 85 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 73 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. негосударственными учреждениями. Аналогичным образом, на рис. 84 показано, что в шести странах, в которых имелись сопоставимые данные, среди разных типов медицинских учреждений с негосударственной формой управления не было какой-либо устойчивой закономерности в наличии улучшенных санитарно-технических сооружений. Какой-либо отчетливой закономерности в наличии услуг WASH в зависимости от формы управления медицинскими учреждениями нет РИС. 83 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения, санитарии и обращения с отходами, с разбивкой по форме управления, 2016 г. (%) Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения, 2016 г. ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ 0 20 40 60 80 100 Демократическая Республика Конго Чад Нигер Нигерия Эфиопия Сомали Конго Джибути Замбия Гаити Кения Бангладеш Сенегал Сьерра-Леоне Мавритания Непал Зимбабве Уганда Бенин Буркина Фасо Малави Гана Шри-Ланка Мексика Сан-Марино Антигуа и Барбуда Гренада Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги санитарии, 2016 г. ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ 0 20 40 60 80 100 Демократическая Республика Конго Нигерия Мавритания Сомали Эфиопия Чад Индия Гаити Сьерра-Леоне Нигер Малави Сенегал Гана Уганда Бангладеш Замбия Кения Бенин Шри-Ланка Непал Джибути Буркина Фасо Конго Зимбабве Антигуа и Барбуда Сан-Марино Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги по обращению с отходами, 2016 г. ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ 0 20 40 60 80 100 Конго Бангладеш Сомали Непал Мавритания Гаити Демократическая Республика Конго Сенегал Нигерия Мьянма Шри-Ланка Бенин Кения Малави Буркина Фасо Зимбабве Сьерра-Леоне Сан-Марино Египет Объединенная Республика Танзания Объединенная Республика Танзания Объединенная Республика Танзания 74 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Географическое положение Фактором, оказывающим большое влияние на неравенство, является географическое положение, и люди, живущие в сельских или удаленных районах, часто испытывают трудности в получении доступа к качественной медицинской помощи, особенно более сложной, чем первичная. Во многих странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов численность сельского населения велика, и у них может быть много небольших медицинских учреждений. В таких случаях в национальной статистике доминируют сельские учреждения. В большинстве стран, имеющих дезагрегированные данные, уровень услуг WASH в сельских медицинских учреждениях неизменно ниже, чем в городских (рис. 85). Самые большие неравенства наблюдаются в Демократической Республике Конго (здесь разница в отсутствии услуг санитарии составляет 50 процентных пунктов) и в Нигере, где услуги водоснабжения отсутствуют в 47% сельских и только в 2% городских медицинских учреждений. Отчетливо выраженных тенденций в зависимости от типа негосударственного медицинского учреждения не выявлено РИС. 84 Доля медицинских учреждений с улучшенными санитарно-техническими сооружениями среди учреждений с негосударственной формой управления (%) ■ ЧАСТНЫЕ КОММЕРЧЕСКИЕ ■ МИССИЯ/РЕЛИГИОЗНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ■ НПО/ЧАСТНЫЕ НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКИЕ 100 80 60 40 20 0 Гаити (SPA13) Демократическая Республика Конго (SARA14) Бенин (SARA13) Того (SARA12) Сьерра-Леоне (SARA13) Буркина-Фасо (SARA12) Услуги WASH обычно лучше в городских медицинских учреждениях РИС. 85 Доля медицинских учреждений, в которых отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения, санитарии и обращения с отходами, с разбивкой на городские и сельские, 2016 г. (%) 0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги водоснабжения, 2016 г. Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги санитарии, 2016 г. ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ Нигерия Объединенная Республика Танзания Мавритания Сомали Того Эфиопия Чад Гаити Гана Мьянма Нигер Сьерра-Леона Сенегал Джибути Уганда Замбия Бенин Шри-Ланка Малави Буркина-Фасо Бангладеш Индонезия Кения Конго Зимбабве Мальдивы Нигер Нигерия Чад Сомали Джибути Бенин Эфиопия Мьянма Конго Перу Того Гаити Замбия Сенегал Мавритания Бангладеш Китай Сьерра-Леона Уганда Зимбабве Кения Гана Индонезия Буркина-Фасо Мальдивы Малави Шри-Ланка 0 20 40 60 80 Доля медицинских учреждений (%), в которых отсутствовали услуги по обращению с отходами, 2016 г. ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ 1,817 mm Конго Сомали Yemen Бангладеш Мавритания Гаити Нигерия Сенегал Мьянма Шри-Ланка Бенин Малави Сьерра-Леона Зимбабве Буркина-Фасо 80 Демократическая Республика Конго Демократическая Республика Конго Демократическая Республика Конго Объединенная Республика Танзания Объединенная Республика Танзания 75 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. РИС. 87 Присутствие E. coli в улучшенных источниках воды в центрах общественного здоровья в Ливане69 (2016, n=166) (%) 69 Sustainable Alternatives, WASH in Public Health Centres in Lebanon, заключительный отчет об обследовании, представленный в ЮНИСЕФ в феврале 2018 г. 70 Ministre de Santé, Evaluation de l’état de l’hygiène des centres de santé de base et des unites de soins hospitaliers, République Tunisienne, Tunis, 2017. Качество услуг в каждой сфере оценивалось с помощью контрольного перечня вопросов, в который входило 5−15 критериев для каждой сферы. Во многих случаях проводимая оценка медицинских учреждений позволяет дезагрегировать данные по административным единицам в стране, таким как области (провинции, штаты) или районы, и это может пролить свет на неравенства между административными единицами. На рис. 86 показано, что в Тунисе в медицинских учреждениях в самой южной провинции Татауин по сравнению с соседними провинциями туалеты находятся в лучшем состоянии и выше уровень общей чистоты, но относительно хуже ситуация с приспособлениями для соблюдения гигиены рук и с обращением с отходами.70 В Ливане, по данным проведенной в 2017 г. общенациональной оценки состояния WASH в центрах общественного здоровья, более 70% медицинских учреждений в провинции Бекаа получали воду из улучшенного источника, в котором не было E. coli, в то время как в провинции Аккар у 85% медицинских учреждений не было улучшенного источника воды, а в половине учреждений, где удалось проверить воду, она была заражена E. coli (рис. 87). Между районами Туниса существуют различия в уровнях услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях РИС. 86 Услуги WASH в медицинских учреждениях в Тунисе, по районам (2017 г.) Качество воды в медицинских учреждениях в Ливане существенно различается в зависимости от департамента здравоохранения ■ УЛУЧШЕННЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ОТСУТСТВУЕТ ■ >100 КОЕ/100 мл ■ 1−10 КОЕ/100 мл ■ <1 КОЕ/100 мл ■ 11−100 КОЕ/100 мл Бекаа Бейрут Горный Ливан Юг Набатия АккарБаальбек- Хермель Север Д ол я м ед иц ин ск их у чр еж де ни й (% ) 100 80 60 40 20 0 12 71 70 62 10 53 46 5 11 41 22 9 8 8 6 10 10 10 3 11 4 9 76 Н ЕР А ВЕ Н С ТВ А W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Всеобщий доступ к WASH дома и в медицинских учреждениях Обычно в медицинских учреждениях услуги WASH лучше, чем в домашних хозяйствах. В 66% стран, имеющих сопоставимые данные, в медицинских учреждениях чаще, чем в домашних хозяйствах, были улучшенные источники водоснабжения. В 84% стран в медицинских учреждениях были выше показатели наличия улучшенных санитарно-технических сооружений (рис. 90). В 85% стран в ВСТАВКА 7 «Хрупкие» государства 71 World Bank, Fragility, Conflict & Violence, World Bank, 2019, <www.worldbank.org/en/topic/fragilityconflictviolence>, accessed 13 March 2019. Самый большой спрос на медицинскую помощь часто возникает во времена конфликтов, насилия и нестабильности, хотя именно эти состояния общества могут нарушать систему WASH и другие услуги, столь необходимые для предоставления качественной помощи. Группа экспертов Всемирного банка по вопросам хрупкости, конфликтов и насилия71 относит к категории «хрупких» 19 из 51 страны в условном регионе ЦУР «Африка к югу от Сахары». На рис. 88 показано, что уровень услуг WASH в медицинских учреждениях в странах к югу от Сахары низменно ниже в хрупких государствах по сравнению с государствами, не включенными в эту категорию. На рис. 89 показано, что в некоторых регионах, наиболее всего пострадавших от недавнего конфликта в Сирийской Арабской Республике, функционирующие системы водоснабжения в 2017 г. имелись менее чем в одной четверти медицинских центров. РИС. 88 Услуги WASH в медицинских учреждениях в хрупких и в остальных государствах в Африке к югу от Сахары Базовый уровень услуг пообращению с отходами Материалы для мытья рук в местах оказания помощи Улучшенное санитарно-техническое сооружение Улучшенный источник воды ХРУПКИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВА ■ ОСТАЛЬНЫЕ ГОСУДАРСТВА 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 27 44 56 65 64 73 70 76 РИС. 89 Функционирующие системы водоснабжения в сирийских больницах («Системы картирования наличия ресурсов в чрезвычайных ситуациях в области здравоохранения (HeRAMS)/Ежегодный доклад о состоянии государственных больниц», 2017 г. (%) ■ 25–50 ■ <25 ■ >75 ■ 50–75 В медицинских учреждениях, как правило, уровень услуг WASH выше, чем в домашних хозяйствах РИС. 90 Услуги WASH в медицинских учреждениях и в домашних хозяйствах (2015 г.) в странах, имевших данные по обоим типам социальной среды (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Улучшенные источники питьевой воды Домашние хозяйства в сравнении с медицинскими учреждениями Улучшенные системы водоснабжения в медицинских учреждениях (%) Ул уч ш ен ны е си ст ем ы во до сн аб ж ен ия в до м аш ни х хо зя йс тв ах (% ) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения Домашние хозяйства в сравнении с медицинскими учреждениями Улучшенные санитарно-технические сооружения в медицинских учреждениях (%) Ул уч ш ен ны е са ни та рн о- те хн ич ес ки е со ор уж ен ия в д ом аш ни х хо зя йс тв ах (% ) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Приспособления для мытья рук Домашние хозяйства в сравнении с медицинскими учреждениями Средства для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи в медицинских учреждениях (%) П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ыт ья р ук в од ой c м ыл ом в д ом аш ни х хо зя йс тв ах (% ) 77 Н ЕРА ВЕН С ТВА Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. медицинских учреждениях материалы и приспособления для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи имелись чаще, чем приспособления для мытья рук с водой и мылом в домашних хозяйствах. Когда появится больше данных лучшего качества, можно будет провести дальнейший анализ наслаивающихся друг на друга неравенств в доступе к услугам WASH в домашних хозяйствах, школах, медицинских учреждениях и других местах. ВСТАВКА 8 WASH и роды Во всем мире существенно выросла доля женщин, рожающих в медицинских учреждениях. Если в 2000 г. в медицинском учреждении рожали всего половина (51%) женщин, то в 2017 г. роды в медицинском учреждении принимались у трех из четырех (76%) женщин. Во многих странах одной из главных задач сектора здравоохранения был переход от практики родов на дому к родам в медицинском учреждении, чтобы улучшить показатели исхода родов и повысить качество помощи матери и новорожденному. По имеющимся оценкам, каждые пятые роды в мире происходят в наименее развитых странах, и каждый год 17 миллионов женщин в этих странах рожают в медицинских учреждениях, не имеющих удовлетворительного уровня водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены. В этих странах базовые услуги водоснабжения с одинаковой вероятностью имеются как в домохозяйствах, так и в медицинских учреждениях (соответственно, 62% и 55%), но чаще у женщин не бывает санитарно-технических сооружений и приспособлений для соблюдения требований гигиены именно дома. В этих странах приспособления для мытья рук имелись в местах оказания помощи в двух из трех медицинских учреждений, но дома приспособление для мытья рук с водой и мылом имелось только у 27% населения. Для родильных палат нужны специально адаптированные услуги WASH, чтобы гарантировать безопасные роды в достойных условиях и минимизировать риски инфекции, такие как сепсис – одну из ведущих причин как материнской, так и неонатальной смертности. СПМ ВОЗ/ЮНИСЕФ образовала группу экспертов для разработки основных вопросов и показателей для мониторинга WASH и мер ПКИ в родильных палатах. Эти вопросы рекомендуется задавать при проведении общих оценок медицинских учреждений с посещением зон предоставления различных услуг, а также при специализированных обследованиях системы экстренной акушерской помощи и помощи новорожденным. Базовые услуги WASH в родильной палате включают: наличие водопровода, пригодного для пользования туалета, доступного для женщин во время родов, наличие приспособлений для мытья рук, стерильного оборудования, душа или ванны для женщин, разделение отходов и утилизацию плаценты, а также наличие протоколов проведения уборки родильной палаты и обучение персонала выполнению уборки. Сопутствующие меры ПКИ включают стерильные перчатки, лигатуру для перевязки пуповины и лезвие для ее перерезывания, а также чистую поверхность или материал, на котором женщина будет рожать (или «чистый набор для родов»). Результаты оценки условий в родильных палатах получены от нескольких стран, и они показывают, что многие женщины подвергаются различным рискам из-за неудовлетворительных услуг WASH и мер ПКИ в родильной палате (рис. 91). В родильных палатах часто отсутствуют жизненно необходимые услуги WASH и меры ПКИ РИС. 91 Доля медицинских учреждений с непосредственно наблюдаемыми услугами WASH и сопутствующими мерами ПКИ в родильной палате. Оценки предоставления услуг (2013−17 гг.) (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 КОРОБКА ДЛЯ ОСТРЫХ ОТХОДОВ И КОНТЕЙНЕР ДЛЯ ДРУГИХ ОТХОДОВ ДЕЗИНФИЦИРУЮЩЕЕ СРЕДСТВО МЫЛО ВСЕ ПУНКТЫ ВОДОПРОВОДНАЯ ВОДА СТЕРИЛЬНОЕ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ ИЛИ НАБОР ДЛЯ РОДОВ МалавиНепалОбъединенная Республика Танзания ГаитиБангладеш Сенегал 94 77 96 84 95 61 69 72 86 80 95 52 7168 87 78 93 46 59 53 83 72 85 36 72 90 51 70 66 35 939592 88 98 76 78 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ 79 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. 80 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1 | Методы, применяемые в СПМ 72 World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, JMP Methodology: 2017 update and SDG baselines, WHO and UNICEF, Geneva, 2017, <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-methodology-2017-update>. 73 Более подробно см.: Совместная программа Всемирной организации здравоохранения и Детского фонда Организации Объединенных Наций по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены. «Прогресс в области обеспечения питьевой водой, санитарии и гигиены: обновленная информация за 2017 г. и исходные уровни для достижения Целей в области устойчивого развития». ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ, Женева, 2017 г., <https://washdata.org/report/jmp-2017-report-final>. С момента своего учреждения в 1990 г. СПМ принимает непосредственное участие в разработке норм и стандартов, которые используются в качестве эталонов для оценки и сравнения прогресса в области питьевого водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены в различных странах, и регулярно собирает группы экспертов для выработки технических рекомендаций по вопросам методики. Для расчета оценок по всем годам в базовом периоде СПМ применяет модель линейной регрессии, а не просто ссылается на какой-то один источник данных. Методика, используемая для расчета оценок состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях, строится на проверенных методах, разработанных СПМ для мониторинга услуг WASH в домашних хозяйствах72 и школах. Выявление источников данных в странах Все данные, которые используются для расчета оценок, берутся из источников в самих странах. При подготовке настоящего доклада сотрудники СПМ выявили более 500 потенциальных источников данных. В некоторых случаях использовать данные было нельзя, поскольку они не были репрезентативными для всей страны, не включали нужную информацию о WASH, были устаревшими (для доклада брались только данные начиная с 2000 года) или было невозможно найти всеобъемлющий отчет или файл с микроданными. В общей сложности информация о WASH была взята из 260 источников из 125 стран (рис. 1-1). Извлечение и классификация данных Данные извлекались из этих источников и соотносились с глобальными показателями, относящимися к иерархическим лестницам услуг водоснабжения, санитарии, обеспечения средствами гигиены, обращения с отходами и поддержания чистоты окружающей среды. Данные были достаточно равномерно распределены между сферами водоснабжения, санитарии, гигиены и обращения с отходами (в каждой сфере услуг было примерно 200 источников данных), однако в сфере поддержания чистоты окружающей среды данных было мало – всего 21 источник данных (рис. 1-2). Некоторые источники данных для расчета оценок использовать было нельзя по разным причинам: • Извещение от национальных органов о том, что данные не считаются надежными или подходящими для использования. • Классификация данных была основана на нескольких родовых категориях, которые не согласовывались с категориями, принятыми в СПМ. • Данные не были репрезентативными для выбранного класса медицинских учреждений (центральных, больниц, не- больниц, государственных, негосударственных, городских или сельских). • Данные были репрезентативными, но число медицинских учреждений – объектов оценки было слишком мало. Данные исключались, когда оценивалось менее 50 медицинских учреждений, кроме случаев малых стран: для них данные исключались, если оценке было подвергнуто менее 30% от всего числа медицинских учреждений. • Данные заметно отличались от остальных точек данных в аналогичных временных рамках. По крайней мере для некоторых показателей WASH всего было использовано 217 из 260 источников данных (рис. 1-2). Число медицинских учреждений, которые оценивались в этих источниках данных, колебалось от одного до почти 100 тысяч. В общей сложности в 260 источниках данных были собраны данные из 560 тысяч медицинских учреждений, а в упомянутых выше 217 источниках данные были получены от 550 тысяч медицинских учреждений (рис. 1-3). В некоторых случаях одни и те же медицинские учреждения могли оцениваться несколько раз в разные годы. Источники водоснабжения и санитарно-технические сооружения классифицируются в СПМ как улучшенные и неулучшенные. К улучшенным источникам водоснабжения относятся такие источники, которые благодаря своей конструкции и устройству способны обеспечить подачу безопасной воды, а улучшенными санитарно-техническими сооружениями считаются сооружения, предназначенные для гигиеничного отделения человеческих экскрементов от контакта с человеком.73 Если в источниках данных медицинские учреждения классифицировались как расположенные в городах или в сельской местности, такие классификации использовались без каких-либо изменений. Аналогичным образом, если какое-либо учреждение называлось «больницей» любого типа, оно и классифицировалось в процессе извлечения 81 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ВСТАВКА 9 Международные программы оценки учреждений Большинство оценок медицинских учреждений проводятся государственными органами в стране – как правило, министерством здравоохранения или национальным статистическим управлением. Такие оценки получают поддержку со стороны целого ряда международных программ, которые подготовили данные, использованные в настоящем докладе. Ниже перечислены некоторые наиболее крупные программы: • Программа SARA («Оценка наличия и готовности услуг»), поддерживаемая Всемирной организацией здравоохранения. • Программа SPA («Оценка предоставления услуг»), поддерживаемая Агентством США по международному развитию через программу «Медико-демографические обследования». • Инициатива РМА2020 («Мониторинг показателей деятельности и подотчетность 2020»), поддерживаемая Фондом Билла и Мелинды Гейтс при техническом содействии Университета Джона Хопкинса. • Обследования EMONC («Экстренная акушерская помощь и помощь новорожденным»), которые проводятся в целом ряде стран, часто при технической поддержке программы Колумбийского университета «Предотвращение материнской смертности и инвалидности». • PHWMP (Тихоокеанский проект по обращению с опасными отходами): в 2014 г. под руководством Секретариата Тихоокеанской региональной программы при поддержке Агентства охраны окружающей среды Австралии и Европейской комиссии проведено исследование исходной ситуации в 14 островных государствах Тихого океана. • Проект SDI («Показатели предоставления услуг»), который сосредоточен на сборе данных в начальных школах и медицинских учреждениях первой линии при поддержке Всемирного банка. • World Vision всемирная организация, занимающаяся вопросами гуманитарной помощи, развития и информационно-пропагандистской работы и действующая почти в 100 странах мира. Она является партнером Института водных проблем при университете штата Северная Каролина в проведении оценок программ WASH, включая оценки состояния WASH в школах и медицинских учреждениях в сельской местности. Вместе эти семь программ оказали поддержку в проведении более половины (153) оценок медицинских учреждений, результаты которых были использованы в настоящем докладе. В процессе страновых консультаций СПМ было выявлено еще более 100 источников данных. Относительно небольшое число стран представили данные из административных источников, таких как плановый сбор данных посредством информационных систем управления здравоохранением. Половина источников данных, использованных в настоящем докладе, приходится на долю семи международных программ РИС. 1–1 Источники данных, использованные в докладе об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г. ■ SARA 107 31 32 ■ SPA ■ PMA2020 ■ EMONC ■ PHWMP ■ КОНСУЛЬТAАЦИИ ■ SDI ■ ПРОЧИЕ ■ WORLD VISION 27 25 14 10 7 7 260 НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ДАННЫХ Национальные источники данных, которые имелись и были использованы в докладе СПМ 2019 г. об исходном состоянии в мире в 2019 г.программ РИС. 1–2 Национальные источники данных, использованные (темные цвета) и выявленные, но не использованные (светлые цвета) в докладе СПМ о состоянии WASH в медицинских учреждениях в 2019 г. САНИТАРИЯ ГИГИЕНА ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ЛЮБЫЕ УСЛУГИ WASH ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ 2011–15 2016–182006–102000–05 ВСЕГО 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Чи сл о ис т оч ни ко в да нн ы х 82 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ данных как больница. В некоторых источниках данных учреждения классифицировались как «государственные» или «негосударственные» или «частные». Если в источнике данных не было дезагрегирования по управляющему органу, в некоторых случаях весь такой источник данных мог быть отнесен к категории либо государственных, либо негосударственных учреждений. Если имелись данные из различных отделений или зон в медицинском учреждении, в приоритетном порядке извлекались данные из зон общих консультаций или амбулаторных отделений. Если данных из зон общих консультаций и амбулаторных отделений не было, для использования при расчете глобальных показателей регистрировалось наличие услуг WASH в любых других местах, по которым имелись данные. Страновые оценки В страновых файлах СПМ о состоянии WASH в медицинских учреждениях содержится полный перечень источников данных, имеющихся за каждый год начиная с 2000 г., и показано, как страновые данные согласуются с международными стандартными классификациями, используемыми для глобального мониторинга. Для расчета оценок на основании всех имеющихся точек данных в СПМ используется простая линейная регрессия. Для каждого класса медицинских учреждений (центральные, больницы, не-больницы, государственные, негосударственные, городские или сельские) регрессии выполняются отдельно. Если имеются две точки данных или более, охватывающие как минимум четыре года, рассчитываются тренды. Если точки данных охватывают менее четырех лет, используется среднее значение. Регрессии экстраполируются на два года после последней точки данных и на два года, предшествующие первой точке данных. Затем первая и последняя оценки, выведенные на основании регрессии, распространяются еще на четыре года. Например, если последняя точка данных была из 2008 г., оценки могут быть рассчитаны для 2009−14 годов, но не для 2015 или 2016 г. (см. пример с приспособлениями для соблюдения гигиены рук в местах оказания помощи на рис. 1-4). Все показатели базового уровня услуг являются сводными показателями, построенными на двух или нескольких субпоказателях. Данные по разным субпоказателям могут быть взяты из разных источников, поэтому не всегда можно объединить разные субпоказатели на уровне отдельного медицинского учреждения. Соответственно, в СПМ при объединении субпоказателей берется наименьшее значение каждого имеющегося субпоказателя для каждого данного года. Показатель базового уровня санитарии включает большое число субпоказателей. Для того, чтобы с максимальной пользой распорядиться имеющимися данными, СПМ для настоящего доклада рассчитывала оценки базовых услуг санитарии в тех случаях, когда имелись данные об улучшенных и пригодных для пользования туалетах и хотя бы о двух из остальных четырех элементов базового уровня (туалеты для персонала, раздельные для женщин и мужчин, наличие условий для соблюдения требований гигиены во время менструации и доступность для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью). В примере, касающемся санитарии на рис. 1-4, имеются данные об улучшенных и пригодных для пользования туалетах, а также туалетах, доступных для лиц с ограниченной подвижностью, но этого недостаточно для расчета оценок базового уровня услуг. Региональные и глобальные оценки Региональные оценки формируются путем суммирования страновых оценок для каждого класса медицинских Число медицинских учреждений, прошедших оценку, отраженное в национальных источниках данных РИС. 1–3 Число медицинских учреждений, прошедших оценку, данные по которым были использованы (темные цвета) и выявлены, но не использованы (светлые цвета) в докладе СПМ о состоянии WASH в медицинских учреждениях в 2019 г. САНИТАРИЯ ГИГИЕНА ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ЛЮБЫЕ УСЛУГИ WASH ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ 2011–15 2016–182006–102000–05 ВСЕГО Чи сл о м ед иц ин ск их у чр еж де ни й (т ы ся ч) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 83 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. Для выведения оценок по имеющимся точкам данных в СПМ используются линейные регрессии РИС. 1–4 Примеры использования линейных регрессий для расчета оценок услуг WASH САНИТАРИЯ 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 201520102005 2020 ГИГИЕНА 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 201520102005 2020 ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 201520102005 2020 ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 201520102005 2020 ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 201520102005 2020 ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ И ПРИГОДНЫХ ДЛЯ ПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СООРУЖЕНИЙ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ И ПРИГОДНЫХ ДЛЯ ПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СООРУЖЕНИЙ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ, ДОСТУПНЫХ ДЛЯ ЛИЦ С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ПОДВИЖНОСТЬЮ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ, ДОСТУПНЫХ ДЛЯ ЛИЦ С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ПОДВИЖНОСТЬЮ ОЦЕНКИ БАЗОВОГО УРОВНЯ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ МЫТЬЯ РУК (В МЕСТАХ ОКАЗАНИЯ ПОМОЩИ) ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ МЫТЬЯ РУК (ТУАЛЕТ) ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ МЫТЬЯ РУК (ТУАЛЕТ) ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ МЫТЬЯ РУК (В МЕСТАХ ОКАЗАНИЯ ПОМОЩИ) ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О РАЗДЕЛЕНИИ ОТХОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ ОБРАБОТКИ/УДАЛЕНИЯ ОТХОДОВ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ ОБ ОБРАБОТКЕ/УДАЛЕНИИ ОТХОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ ОТХОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ БАЗОВОГО УРОВНЯ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ В ПОМЕЩЕНИИ ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ ОБ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКАХ И НАЛИЧИИ ВОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ БАЗОВОГО УРОВНЯ ОЦЕНКИ УЛУЧШЕННЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ И НАЛИЧИЯ ВОДЫ ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ О НАЛИЧИИ ПРОТОКОЛОВ ОЦЕНКИ ОБУЧЕННОСТИ ПЕРСОНАЛА ТОЧКИ ДАННЫХ ОБ ОБУЧЕННОСТИ ПЕРСОНАЛА ОЦЕНКИ НАЛИЧИЯ ПРОТОКОЛОВ ОЦЕНКИ БАЗОВОГО УРОВНЯ учреждений. В идеале оценкам из каждой страны должен присваиваться вес, соответствующий общему числу медицинских учреждений данного класса в этой стране. Однако полные статистические данные о числе медицинских учреждений каждого класса имеются не во всех странах. Поэтому для целей настоящего доклада для присвоения веса оценкам из отдельных стран в СПМ использовались показатели общей численности населения в стране, городского или сельского населения, для чего брались самые последние данные из Отдела народонаселения ООН. Данные об общей численности населения в стране брались из «Перспектив мирового населения пересмотра 2017 года», а данные о доле сельского населения были взяты из «Перспектив мировой урбанизации пересмотра 2018 года». Региональные оценки рассчитываются в тех случаях, когда имеются данные от стран с совокупным населением не менее 30% всего населения региона. На рис. 1-5 показана доля населения в каждом регионе и во всем мире, по которой имелись данные. Более светлые цвета обозначают показатели с охватом данными менее 30% населения, и для них региональные оценки не рассчитывались. Средние оттенки цвета означают, что данные имелись в странах, представляющих 30-50% населения, и оценки для них были рассчитаны, но интерпретировать их следует осторожно. Более точными оценки являются в тех случаях, когда они базируются на данных как минимум по 50% населения региона (более темные цвета). Глобальные оценки тоже рассчитываются только тогда, когда имеются данные по странам, чье совокупное население составляет не менее 30% населения земного шара. Однако для того, чтобы несколько крупных стран не оказывали несоразмерно большого влияния на оценки, особенно когда по многим странам по-прежнему оценок нет, глобальные оценки рассчитываются так, что сначала готовятся региональные оценки по всем условным регионам ЦУР, даже если в регионе охват данными меньше 30%, а потом по региональным оценкам рассчитывается средневзвешенное значение. Страновые консультации Были рассчитаны предварительные оценки, которые в начале ноября 2018 г. были разосланы в страны для проведения официальных консультаций и изучения в течение определенного времени. Странам было предложено до конца декабря 2018 г. представить технические замечания. В ряде случаев страны просили продлить этот срок, и он был продлен до середины января 2019 г. ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ стремились провести консультации со всеми странами и дать ответ на полученные замечания и вопросы, особенно в тех случаях, когда определения или методы СПМ отличались от того, что было принято у заинтересованных сторон в странах. 84 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ Оценивание данных В Приложениях 3 и 4 настоящего доклада приведены страновые, региональные и глобальные оценки по основным показателям за самый последний год, по которому имелись данные. Доступ к этим данным также можно получить на веб-сайте СПМ <https://washdata.org>, где содержатся оценки за все годы, начиная с 2000 г., по которым имеются данные. На веб-сайте помещены дополнительные оценки по субпоказателям, которые отражают элементы базовых Охват данными многих регионов и классов медицинских учреждений низок РИС. 1-5 Охват данными о различных классах медицинских учреждений, по регионам (%) РЕГИОН БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ РЕГИОН БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Центральная и Южная Азия 10 1 10 85 1 10 10 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 Центральная и Южная Азия 0 0 0 75 0 0 0 12 10 10 87 12 12 12 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 91 14 13 5 91 72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 72 0 0 0 72 72 0 17 15 17 17 17 16 16 Европа и Северная Америка 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 Европа и Северная Америка 12 0 0 2 2 0 0 12 0 0 2 2 0 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 10 0 0 0 52 10 0 10 0 0 0 52 10 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 4 11 6 12 14 6 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 8 4 0 0 0 0 0 23 4 0 16 3 13 0 Океания 77 0 0 0 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Океания 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 0 0 12 77 0 0 Африка к югу от Сахары 60 33 49 40 46 40 35 41 14 38 18 32 22 22 Африка к югу от Сахары 27 6 8 7 7 7 7 74 67 75 70 74 72 69 Наименее развитые страны 48 25 54 47 35 46 44 22 16 28 35 27 21 21 Наименее развитые страны 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 78 69 69 75 75 76 70 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 52 40 55 46 52 46 41 41 30 42 27 41 38 37 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 7 4 3 5 4 4 4 70 48 60 65 68 65 59 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 32 2 1 3 30 0 0 4 2 1 3 3 0 0 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 72 54 29 46 71 37 37 Весь мир 35 7 16 27 33 27 7 7 1 7 5 8 4 3 Весь мир 23 1 1 19 20 20 1 19 12 22 35 18 18 17 РЕГИОН УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ РЕГИОН ОТСУТСТВИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ ОТСУТСТВИЕ УСЛУГ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Центральная и Южная Азия 86 10 10 87 86 12 12 86 10 85 87 86 86 86 Центральная и Южная Азия 74 0 0 74 74 74 74 12 10 10 86 12 12 12 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 99 91 91 22 99 81 0 99 15 24 8 99 81 0 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 86 14 13 13 86 86 13 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 Европа и Северная Америка 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 2 0 0 0 Европа и Северная Америка 7 0 0 2 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 41 8 13 29 37 39 29 15 2 8 2 55 12 12 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 22 4 0 49 9 5 46 16 4 0 3 3 0 0 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 56 4 0 46 46 46 46 64 13 18 59 59 59 46 Океания 77 0 0 6 77 0 0 77 0 0 0 77 0 0 Океания 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 Африка к югу от Сахары 83 70 80 77 90 75 73 80 67 80 73 82 72 71 Африка к югу от Сахары 49 45 50 45 49 49 31 49 48 41 48 49 49 49 Наименее развитые страны 83 69 75 77 85 75 68 83 69 74 73 83 74 66 Наименее развитые страны 19 13 23 17 19 19 11 55 58 48 53 55 55 51 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 80 48 64 71 72 65 67 80 48 64 67 72 65 64 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 48 37 49 41 46 46 27 19 11 12 19 19 19 19 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 83 54 29 54 79 38 38 82 54 29 45 78 40 37 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 37 53 28 42 37 37 37 Весь мир 61 32 42 40 61 36 16 59 12 50 33 61 52 31 Весь мир 48 8 12 28 48 48 27 12 7 13 29 12 12 11 <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% 85 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. уровней услуг, а также по дополнительным региональным группировкам стран, не включенным в печатную версию доклада. Веб-сайт дает пользователям возможность создавать, скачивать и публиковать различные графики, таблицы и карты по своему усмотрению. Пользователи также могут скачивать все отдельные страновые файлы СПМ, в которых перечислены источники данных в стране, включенные в настоящий момент в глобальную базу данных, и показано, как они использовались для расчета сопоставимых на международном уровне оценок состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях. Охват данными многих регионов и классов медицинских учреждений низок РИС. 1-5 Охват данными о различных классах медицинских учреждений, по регионам (%) РЕГИОН БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ РЕГИОН БАЗОВЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ БАЗОВЫЕ УСЛУГИ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Центральная и Южная Азия 10 1 10 85 1 10 10 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 Центральная и Южная Азия 0 0 0 75 0 0 0 12 10 10 87 12 12 12 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 91 14 13 5 91 72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 72 0 0 0 72 72 0 17 15 17 17 17 16 16 Европа и Северная Америка 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 Европа и Северная Америка 12 0 0 2 2 0 0 12 0 0 2 2 0 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 10 0 0 0 52 10 0 10 0 0 0 52 10 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 4 11 6 12 14 6 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 8 4 0 0 0 0 0 23 4 0 16 3 13 0 Океания 77 0 0 0 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Океания 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 0 0 12 77 0 0 Африка к югу от Сахары 60 33 49 40 46 40 35 41 14 38 18 32 22 22 Африка к югу от Сахары 27 6 8 7 7 7 7 74 67 75 70 74 72 69 Наименее развитые страны 48 25 54 47 35 46 44 22 16 28 35 27 21 21 Наименее развитые страны 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 78 69 69 75 75 76 70 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 52 40 55 46 52 46 41 41 30 42 27 41 38 37 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 7 4 3 5 4 4 4 70 48 60 65 68 65 59 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 32 2 1 3 30 0 0 4 2 1 3 3 0 0 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 72 54 29 46 71 37 37 Весь мир 35 7 16 27 33 27 7 7 1 7 5 8 4 3 Весь мир 23 1 1 19 20 20 1 19 12 22 35 18 18 17 РЕГИОН УСЛУГИ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ УСЛУГИ САНИТАРИИ ОТСУТСТВУЮТ РЕГИОН ОТСУТСТВИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ДЛЯ СОБЛЮДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ГИГИЕНЫ ОТСУТСТВИЕ УСЛУГ ПО ОБРАЩЕНИЮ С ОТХОДАМИ Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Вс ег о Го ро дс ки е С ел ьс ки е Бо ль ни цы Н е- бо ль ни цы Го су да рс тв ен ны е Не го су да рс тв ен ны е Центральная и Южная Азия 86 10 10 87 86 12 12 86 10 85 87 86 86 86 Центральная и Южная Азия 74 0 0 74 74 74 74 12 10 10 86 12 12 12 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 99 91 91 22 99 81 0 99 15 24 8 99 81 0 Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 86 14 13 13 86 86 13 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 Европа и Северная Америка 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 2 0 0 0 Европа и Северная Америка 7 0 0 2 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 41 8 13 29 37 39 29 15 2 8 2 55 12 12 Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 22 4 0 49 9 5 46 16 4 0 3 3 0 0 Северная Африка и Западная Азия 56 4 0 46 46 46 46 64 13 18 59 59 59 46 Океания 77 0 0 6 77 0 0 77 0 0 0 77 0 0 Океания 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 Африка к югу от Сахары 83 70 80 77 90 75 73 80 67 80 73 82 72 71 Африка к югу от Сахары 49 45 50 45 49 49 31 49 48 41 48 49 49 49 Наименее развитые страны 83 69 75 77 85 75 68 83 69 74 73 83 74 66 Наименее развитые страны 19 13 23 17 19 19 11 55 58 48 53 55 55 51 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 80 48 64 71 72 65 67 80 48 64 67 72 65 64 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 48 37 49 41 46 46 27 19 11 12 19 19 19 19 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 83 54 29 54 79 38 38 82 54 29 45 78 40 37 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 37 53 28 42 37 37 37 Весь мир 61 32 42 40 61 36 16 59 12 50 33 61 52 31 Весь мир 48 8 12 28 48 48 27 12 7 13 29 12 12 11 <30% 30–50% >50% <30% 30–50% >50% 86 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ  АВСТРАЛИЯ И НОВАЯ ЗЕЛАНДИЯ: Австралия, Новая Зеландия.  ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ: Афганистан, Бангладеш, Бутан, Индия, Иран (Исламская Республика), Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Мальдивы, Непал, Пакистан, Таджикистан, Туркменистан, Узбекистан, Шри-Ланка.  ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ: Бруней- Даруссалам, Вьетнам, Индонезия, Камбоджа, Китай, Китай (Особый административный район Гонконг), Китай (Особый административный район Макао), Корейская Народно-Демократическая Республика, Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика, Малайзия, Монголия, Мьянма, Республика Корея, Сингапур, Таиланд, Тимор-Лешти, Филиппины, Япония.  ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН: Ангилья, Антигуа и Барбуда, Аргентина, Аруба, Багамские Острова, Барбадос, Белиз, Боливия (Многонациональное Государство), Бонайре, Саба и Синт-Эстатиус (Карибские Нидерланды), Бразилия, Британские Виргинские Острова, Венесуэла (Боливарианская Республика), Виргинские Острова Соединенных Штатов Америки, Гаити, Гайана, Гваделупе, Гватемала, Гондурас, Гренада, Доминика, Доминиканская Республика, Каймановы Острова, Колумбия, Коста-Рика, ЦЕЛИ В ОБЛАСТИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ СТРАН Кюрасао, Мартиника, Мексика, Монсеррат, Никарагуа, Острова Тёркс и Кайкос, Панама, Парагвай, Перу, Пуэрто-Рико, Сальвадор, Сент-Китс и Невис, Сент-Винсент и Гренадины, Сент-Люсия, Синт-Мартен (голландская часть), Суринам, Тринидад и Тобаго, Уругвай, Фолклендские (Мальвинские) Острова, Французская Гвиана, Чили, Эквадор, Ямайка.  ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА: Австрия, Албания, Андорра, Беларусь, Бельгия, Бермудские Острова, Болгария, Босния и Герцеговина, бывшая югославская Республика Македония, Венгрия, Германия, Гибралтар, Гренландия, Греция, Дания, Ирландия, Испания, Италия, Канада, Латвия, Литва, Лихтенштейн, Люксембург, Мальта, Монако, Нидерланды, Норвегия, Острова Санта-Барбара, Остров Мэн, Польша, Португалия, Республика Молдова, Российская Федерация, Румыния, Сан-Марино, Святой Престол, Сен-Пьер и Микелон, Сербия, Словакия, Словения, Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии, Соединенные Штаты Америки, Украина. Фарерские Острова, Финляндия, Франция, Хорватия, Чешская Республика, Черногория, Швейцария, Швеция, Эстония.  СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ: Азербайджан, Алжир, Армения, Бахрейн, Грузия, Египет, Западная Сахара, Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа, Израиль, ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2 | Региональные группы стран 87 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г.  АВСТРАЛИЯ И НОВАЯ ЗЕЛАНДИЯ: Австралия, Новая Зеландия.  ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ И ЮЖНАЯ АЗИЯ: Афганистан, Бангладеш, Бутан, Индия, Иран (Исламская Республика), Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Мальдивы, Непал, Пакистан, Таджикистан, Туркменистан, Узбекистан, Шри-Ланка.  ВОСТОЧНАЯ И ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ АЗИЯ: Бруней- Даруссалам, Вьетнам, Индонезия, Камбоджа, Китай, Китай (Особый административный район Гонконг), Китай (Особый административный район Макао), Корейская Народно-Демократическая Республика, Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика, Малайзия, Монголия, Мьянма, Республика Корея, Сингапур, Таиланд, Тимор-Лешти, Филиппины, Япония.  ЛАТИНСКАЯ АМЕРИКА И КАРИБСКИЙ БАССЕЙН: Ангилья, Антигуа и Барбуда, Аргентина, Аруба, Багамские Острова, Барбадос, Белиз, Боливия (Многонациональное Государство), Бонайре, Саба и Синт-Эстатиус (Карибские Нидерланды), Бразилия, Британские Виргинские Острова, Венесуэла (Боливарианская Республика), Виргинские Острова Соединенных Штатов Америки, Гаити, Гайана, Гваделупе, Гватемала, Гондурас, Гренада, Доминика, Доминиканская Республика, Каймановы Острова, Колумбия, Коста-Рика, ЦЕЛИ В ОБЛАСТИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ СТРАН Кюрасао, Мартиника, Мексика, Монсеррат, Никарагуа, Острова Тёркс и Кайкос, Панама, Парагвай, Перу, Пуэрто-Рико, Сальвадор, Сент-Китс и Невис, Сент-Винсент и Гренадины, Сент-Люсия, Синт-Мартен (голландская часть), Суринам, Тринидад и Тобаго, Уругвай, Фолклендские (Мальвинские) Острова, Французская Гвиана, Чили, Эквадор, Ямайка.  ЕВРОПА И СЕВЕРНАЯ АМЕРИКА: Австрия, Албания, Андорра, Беларусь, Бельгия, Бермудские Острова, Болгария, Босния и Герцеговина, бывшая югославская Республика Македония, Венгрия, Германия, Гибралтар, Гренландия, Греция, Дания, Ирландия, Испания, Италия, Канада, Латвия, Литва, Лихтенштейн, Люксембург, Мальта, Монако, Нидерланды, Норвегия, Острова Санта-Барбара, Остров Мэн, Польша, Португалия, Республика Молдова, Российская Федерация, Румыния, Сан-Марино, Святой Престол, Сен-Пьер и Микелон, Сербия, Словакия, Словения, Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии, Соединенные Штаты Америки, Украина. Фарерские Острова, Финляндия, Франция, Хорватия, Чешская Республика, Черногория, Швейцария, Швеция, Эстония.  СЕВЕРНАЯ АФРИКА И ЗАПАДНАЯ АЗИЯ: Азербайджан, Алжир, Армения, Бахрейн, Грузия, Египет, Западная Сахара, Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа, Израиль, ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2 | Региональные группы стран Иордания, Ирак, Йемен, Катар, Кипр, Кувейт, Ливан, Ливия, Марокко, Объединенные Арабские Эмираты, Оман, Саудовская Аравия, Сирийская Арабская Республика, Судан, Тунис, Турция.  ОКЕАНИЯ (ИСКЛЮЧАЯ АВСТРАЛИЮ И НОВУЮ ЗЕЛАНДИЮ): Американское Самоа, Вануату, Гуам, Кирибати, Маршалловы Острова, Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты), Науру, Ниуэ, Новая Каледония, Острова Кука, Острова Уоллис и Футуна, Палау, Папуа-Новая Гвинея, Самоа, Северные Марианские Острова, Соломоновы Острова, Токелау, Тонга, Тувалу, Фиджи, Французская Полинезия.  АФРИКА К ЮГУ ОТ САХАРЫ: Ангола, Бенин, Ботсвана, Буркина-Фасо, Бурунди, Габон, Гамбия, Гана, Гвинея, Гвинея- Биссау, Демократическая Республика Конго, Джибути, Замбия, Зимбабве, Кабо-Верде, Камерун, Кения, Коморские Острова, Конго, Кот-д’Ивуар, Лесото, Либерия, Маврикий, Мавритания, Мадагаскар, Малави, Мали, Мозамбик, Намибия, Нигер, Нигерия, Объединенная Республика Танзания, Остров Майотта, Остров Святой Елены, Реюньон, Руанда, Сан-Томе и Принсипи, Сенегал, Сейшельские Острова, Сомали, Сьерра-Леоне, Того, Уганда, Центральноафриканская Республика, Чад, Экваториальная Гвинея, Эритрея, Эсватини, Эфиопия, Южно-Африканская Республика, Южный Судан. ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ РАЗВИВАЮЩИЕСЯ СТРАНЫ, НЕ ИМЕЮЩИЕ ВЫХОДА К МОРЮ Азербайджан, Армения, Афганистан, Бутан, Боливия (Многонациональное Государство), Ботсвана, Буркина-Фасо, Бурунди, Замбия, Зимбабве, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Лаосская Народно-Демократическая Республика, Лесото, Малави, Мали, Монголия, Непал, Нигер, Парагвай, Республика Молдова, Руанда, Северная Македония, Таджикистан, Туркменистан, Узбекистан, Уганда, Центральноафриканская Республика, Чад, Эсватини, Эфиопия, Южный Судан. НАИМЕНЕЕ РАЗВИТЫЕ СТРАНЫ Ангола, Афганистан, Бангладеш, Бенин, Бутан, Буркина-Фасо, Бурунди, Вануату, Гаити, Гамбия, Гвинея, Гвинея-Биссау, Демократическая Республика Конго, Джибути, Замбия, Йемен, Камбоджа, Кирибати, Коморские Острова, Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика, Лесото, Либерия, Мавритания, Мадагаскар, Малави, Мали, Мозамбик, Мьянма, Непал, Нигер, Объединенная Республика Танзания, Руанда, Сан- Томе и Принсипи, Сенегал, Соломоновы Острова, Сомали, Судан, Сьерра-Леоне, Тимор-Лешти, Того, Тувалу, Уганда, Центральноафриканская Республика, Чад, Эритрея, Эфиопия, Южный Судан. МАЛЫЕ ОСТРОВНЫЕ РАЗВИВАЮЩИЕСЯ ГОСУДАРСТВА Американское Самоа, Ангилья, Антигуа и Барбуда, Аруба, Багамские Острова, Барбадос, Белиз, Бермудские Острова, Бонайре, Саба и Синт-Эстатиус (Карибские Нидерланды), Британские Виргинские Острова, Вануату, Виргинские Острова Соединенных Штатов, Гаити, Гайана, Гваделупе, Гвинея-Биссау, Гренада, Гуам, Доминика, Доминиканская Республика, Кабо- Верде, Каймановы Острова, Кирибати, Коморские Острова, Куба, Кюрасао, Маврикий, Мальдивские Острова, Маршалловы Острова, Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты), Монсеррат, Науру, Ниуэ, Новая Каледония, Острова Кука, Острова Тёркс и Кайкос, Палау, Папуа-Новая Гвинея, Пуэрто-Рико, Северные Марианские Острова, Самоа, Сан-Томе и Принсипи, Сейшельские Острова, Сингапур, Сент-Китс и Невис, Сент- Винсент и Гренадины, Сент-Люсия, Синт-Мартен (голландская часть), Соломоновы Острова, Суринам, Тимор-Лешти, Тонга, Тринидад и Тобаго, Тувалу, Фиджи, Французская Полинезия, Ямайка. 88 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Армения 2016 2 925 63 39 61 0 100 39 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Бангладеш 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Бенин 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Бенин 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Бразилия 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Буркина-Фасо 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - Гайана 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Гайана 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Гаити 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Гамбия 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Гана 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Джибути 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Джибути 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Замбия 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Зимбабве 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Индонезия 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Камерун 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Камерун 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Кения 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - Китай 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 89 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Армения 2016 2 925 63 39 61 0 100 39 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - 49 26 25 75 49 49 26 25 75 49 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 70 13 16 84 73 - - 2 98 93 42 47 11 89 71 Бангладеш 2016 78 15 7 93 78 - - 12 88 72 71 17 12 88 71 92 6 2 98 92 Бенин 2016 10 872 46 74 0 26 74 - 92 0 8 92 - 66 0 34 66 - Бенин 2016 95 5 0 - - 73 0 27 73 - 82 14 4 - - 69 0 31 69 - Бразилия 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 79 17 4 96 88 85 13 2 98 85 63 32 5 95 92 Буркина-Фасо 2016 88 10 2 98 97 70 25 5 95 83 75 22 4 96 94 - - 1 99 44 Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 73 13 13 87 73 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - 8 92 85 - - 15 85 71 - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 57 43 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 51 46 3 97 51 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 46 53 1 99 46 52 44 4 96 52 - - - - - - - - - - Гайана 2014 763 26 52 25 23 77 52 - - - - - - - - - - Гайана 2014 72 11 18 82 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - 14 86 59 - - 8 92 92 - - 16 84 55 Гаити 2016 - - 4 96 78 - - 15 85 56 - - 15 85 58 - - 12 88 60 Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - 4 96 50 - - - - - - - 8 92 32 Гамбия 2016 - - 0 100 75 - - 5 95 48 - - 5 96 45 - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 71 26 3 97 92 79 12 9 91 91 71 23 6 94 94 Гана 2016 85 12 4 96 90 63 27 10 90 90 77 22 1 99 99 40 34 25 75 55 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - 52 47 1 99 98 58 42 1 99 99 - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - 50 50 41 - - 16 84 84 - - 59 41 31 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - 15 85 82 - - 51 49 40 - - 61 39 30 - - 33 67 58 Джибути 2016 942 78 - - 18 82 - - - 5 95 - - - 34 66 - Джибути 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 22 78 - - - 20 80 - - - 8 92 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 77 18 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 84 16 0 100 99 76 18 6 94 91 77 17 6 94 91 79 21 0 100 99 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 40 45 15 85 48 58 37 5 95 85 51 33 16 84 61 Замбия 2016 58 40 2 98 82 51 34 16 84 68 36 45 19 81 38 49 47 4 96 79 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - 2 98 93 - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 81 13 6 94 94 89 5 5 95 95 80 14 7 93 92 Зимбабве 2016 90 6 5 95 95 80 14 6 94 93 81 14 6 94 93 81 13 7 93 93 Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 9 91 - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 94 2 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 80 7 13 87 80 91 8 2 98 98 86 8 6 94 90 Индонезия 2016 - - 2 98 - 80 7 13 87 80 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - 0 100 63 - - 12 88 47 - - 6 94 55 - - - - - Камерун 2016 23 439 55 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Камерун 2016 57 37 7 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 66 18 17 83 72 68 28 4 96 84 63 30 6 94 73 Кения 2016 57 35 8 92 82 63 16 21 79 75 62 26 13 87 70 71 4 25 75 74 Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 91 1 9 91 91 - - 5 95 - - - 10 90 - Китай 2016 - - - - - 91 1 9 91 91 91 1 9 91 91 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 90 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Конго 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Лесото 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Мавритания 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Малави 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Мьянма 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Нигер 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Нигерия 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Никарагуа 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Никарагуа 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Перу 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Республика Молдова 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Республика Молдова 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Руанда 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Сенегал 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения 91 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 21 18 61 39 33 - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 20 40 40 60 60 21 17 62 38 31 - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 37 45 18 82 64 61 29 10 90 90 9 64 27 73 51 Конго 2016 47 47 6 94 75 36 45 19 81 62 28 49 23 77 57 53 38 9 91 75 Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 57 29 14 86 71 64 23 13 87 87 - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - 42 38 19 81 61 62 28 11 89 79 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 70 24 6 94 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 57 38 4 96 57 - - - - - 51 43 5 95 51 Лесото 2015 86 14 0 100 86 54 41 5 95 54 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - 43 57 - - - 52 48 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 61 2 37 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - 28 72 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - 14 86 - - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 81 8 11 89 - 88 8 4 - - 60 27 13 - - Мавритания 2016 95 3 3 - - 78 15 7 - - 77 14 9 - - 88 10 2 - - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - 2 98 79 - - 0 100 100 80 19 1 99 80 Малави 2016 - - 0 100 97 80 19 1 99 82 - - 2 98 71 - - 1 99 87 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - 11 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 55 43 2 98 55 25 75 0 100 - 55 42 2 98 55 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - 20 80 - - - - - - 55 31 15 85 66 Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - 54 32 14 86 64 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - 27 73 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 29 71 69 Мьянма 2016 - - 2 98 95 - - 31 69 68 - - 28 72 70 - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - 7 93 64 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - 10 90 77 - - 6 94 60 - - 6 94 62 - - 12 88 71 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 39 61 - - - 2 98 - - - 47 53 - Нигер 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 36 64 - - - 42 58 - - - 1 99 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 50 15 36 64 50 - - 31 69 - - - 43 57 - Нигерия 2016 - - 13 87 - - - 43 57 - - - 40 60 - - - 19 81 - Никарагуа 2014 6 014 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Никарагуа 2014 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 65 14 21 79 65 87 9 4 96 87 54 15 31 69 54 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 86 14 0 100 86 64 14 21 79 64 57 15 28 72 57 85 11 4 96 85 Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 85 8 7 93 86 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 46 36 18 82 71 - - 5 95 91 - - 22 78 55 Перу 2016 - - - - - 45 27 28 72 57 46 27 27 73 58 - - - - - Республика Молдова 2014 4 070 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Республика Молдова 2014 - - 24 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - 64 34 3 97 91 Руанда 2016 - - - - - 63 36 2 98 98 - - - - - - - 0 100 - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 46 43 12 88 74 82 13 4 96 94 36 50 14 86 66 Сенегал 2016 84 7 9 91 88 44 45 12 88 73 42 46 12 88 72 76 14 10 90 88 Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии 92 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Сербия 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Сомали 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Того 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Уганда 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Чад 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - Черногория 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Шри-Ланка 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Эритрея 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Эритрея 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эсватини 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Эсватини 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Эфиопия 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Южная Африка 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Южная Африка 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения 93 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 Сербия 2016 8 820 56 96 4 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2014 576 22 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2014 67 33 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - 22 78 66 - - 10 90 90 - - 39 61 47 Сомали 2016 - - 3 97 86 - - 23 77 64 - - 26 74 63 - - 13 87 73 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - 26 74 74 - - 16 84 84 - - 9 91 70 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 74 - - 11 89 72 - - 1 99 92 Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - 4 96 92 - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 91 - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 58 29 13 87 58 86 14 0 100 86 - - 18 82 47 Того 2016 43 38 18 82 43 78 18 4 96 86 51 33 16 84 51 - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2016 1 365 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 91 - - 5 95 91 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 31 65 4 96 36 52 47 2 98 76 38 54 8 92 47 Уганда 2016 61 30 9 91 83 42 54 3 97 53 22 72 6 94 24 41 55 4 96 48 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - 20 81 61 - - 20 81 61 - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - 41 59 - - - 23 77 - - - 43 57 - Чад 2016 - - 16 84 - - - 41 59 - - - 42 58 - - - 27 73 - Черногория 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 99 0 1 99 99 Шри-Ланка 2016 93 3 3 97 97 99 0 1 99 99 99 0 1 99 99 100 0 0 100 100 Эритрея 2012 4 561 36 - - 14 86 77 - - - - - - - - - - Эритрея 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эсватини 2016 1 343 23 - - 0 100 88 - - - - - - - - - - Эсватини 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 30 39 31 69 67 76 14 11 90 85 25 42 33 67 52 Эфиопия 2016 87 8 5 95 95 41 30 29 71 53 23 48 29 71 70 73 22 5 95 92 Южная Африка 2016 56 015 65 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Южная Африка 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - 36 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - 9 91 - - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.1 | Страновые оценки водоснабжения Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии 94 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Армения 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Бангладеш 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Барбадос 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Барбадос 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Бенин 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Бенин 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Боливия (Многонациональное Государство) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Боливия (Многонациональное Государство) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Гаити 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 Гана 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Гана 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Джибути 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Джибути 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Замбия 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Зимбабве 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - Индия 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Индонезия 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 95 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 48 52 0 100 98 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Армения 2016 2 925 63 41 40 19 81 62 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - 37 63 - - - - - - - - 37 63 - Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - 37 63 - - - 37 63 - - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 - - 7 93 71 - - 3 97 97 - - 6 94 84 Бангладеш 2016 62 33 5 95 93 - - 10 90 90 - - 10 90 90 - - 3 97 97 Барбадос 2016 285 31 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Барбадос 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Бенин 2016 10 872 46 - - 9 91 - - - 11 89 - - - 7 93 - Бенин 2016 - - 1 99 - - - 9 91 - - - 8 92 - - - 12 88 - Боливия (Многонациональное Государство) 2016 10 888 69 - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Боливия (Многонациональное Государство) 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 207 653 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2016 - - - - - 24 75 1 99 86 - - - - - - - - - - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 - - 6 94 - - - 4 96 - - - 6 94 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 - - - - - - - 6 94 - - - 5 95 - - - 6 94 - Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 - - 7 93 86 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - 3 97 94 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 - - 4 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 - - 1 99 97 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - 18 82 69 - - 10 90 90 - - 23 77 77 Гаити 2016 - - 7 93 90 - - 20 80 66 - - 18 82 61 - - 18 82 76 Гана 2016 28 207 55 - - 17 83 83 - - 15 85 85 - - 19 81 81 Гана 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 20 80 80 - - 11 89 89 - - 25 75 75 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - 41 59 49 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - 43 57 47 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - 0 95 5 95 82 1 95 4 96 84 - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - 59 41 29 - - 19 81 52 - - 69 31 23 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - 18 82 44 - - 61 39 29 - - 70 30 24 - - 44 56 37 Джибути 2016 942 78 - - 5 95 - - - 0 100 - - - 11 89 - Джибути 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 6 94 - - - 6 94 - - - 0 100 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 - - 5 95 89 - - 9 91 81 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 97 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 - - 7 93 91 - - 3 97 97 1 90 9 91 85 Замбия 2016 - - 0 100 100 1 92 7 93 90 - - 10 90 80 - - 2 98 98 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 17 83 0 100 72 24 74 2 98 24 16 84 0 100 79 Зимбабве 2016 36 64 0 100 36 14 86 0 100 78 21 80 0 100 74 15 85 0 100 72 Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 45 55 - - - - - - - - 35 65 - Индия 2016 - - 17 83 83 - - 39 61 - - - 23 77 - - - 63 37 - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 - - 13 87 - - - 1 99 - - - 1 99 - Индонезия 2016 - - - - - - - 13 87 - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ica te d fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d wi th m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 96 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Кения 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Колумбия 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Колумбия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Конго 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Лесото 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Мавритания 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Малави 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Мьянма 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Нигер 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Нигерия 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Никарагуа 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Никарагуа 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - 97 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - 2 98 98 - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 98 98 - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 - - 14 86 86 - - 3 97 97 10 88 1 99 84 Кения 2016 - - 8 92 92 8 77 15 85 73 - - 9 91 91 - - 20 80 80 Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Колумбия 2016 48 653 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Колумбия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 100 - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 2 49 49 51 38 - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 20 80 0 100 60 1 47 52 48 36 - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 - - 2 98 96 - - 3 97 94 - - 0 100 99 Конго 2016 - - 2 98 97 - - 2 98 96 - - 1 99 98 - - 3 97 94 Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 - - 0 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 - - - - 55 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 0 97 3 97 43 - - - - - 0 97 3 97 41 Лесото 2015 0 100 0 100 57 0 97 3 97 41 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 3 73 24 76 76 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 95 1 99 92 3 91 6 94 85 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 16 66 18 83 83 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - 11 89 - - - 8 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 - - 20 80 - - - 7 93 - - - 48 52 - Мавритания 2016 - - 2 98 - - - 31 69 - - - 33 67 - - - 8 92 - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - 11 89 86 - - 4 96 96 - - 7 93 89 Малави 2016 - - 4 96 96 - - 6 94 87 - - 13 87 87 - - 8 92 92 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 15 85 0 100 99 50 50 0 100 100 13 87 0 100 99 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - 43 57 - - - - - - 2 61 37 63 61 Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - 2 65 33 67 67 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - 16 84 - - - 0 100 - - - 17 83 - Мьянма 2016 - - 0 100 - - - 18 82 - - - 16 84 - - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - 9 91 81 - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - 13 87 74 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 - - 12 88 88 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 13 87 26 - - 2 98 64 - - 17 83 21 Нигер 2016 - - 5 95 - - - 14 86 - - - 14 86 22 - - 1 99 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 12 47 41 59 49 - - 53 47 44 - - 72 28 27 Нигерия 2016 - - 39 61 60 - - 69 31 29 - - 66 34 32 - - 46 54 53 Никарагуа 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 92 - Никарагуа 2016 - - - - - - - 9 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я 98 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Руанда 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Сейшельские Острова 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сейшельские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Сенегал 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Люсия 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Люсия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Сомали 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Таджикистан 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Таджикистан 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Того 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Уганда 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Чад 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - Черногория 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Шри-Ланка 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Эритрея 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Эритрея 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Эфиопия 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - 99 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.2 | Страновые оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 5 46 49 51 51 9 61 29 71 71 2 49 49 51 51 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 8 68 24 76 76 4 45 50 50 50 3 45 51 49 49 6 66 28 72 72 Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 26 62 12 88 63 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - 5 84 11 89 82 7 83 10 90 83 - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 97 88 Руанда 2016 - - - - - - - 3 97 89 - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - 100 0 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 Сейшельские Острова 2016 94 56 - - 0 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сейшельские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 - - 12 88 88 - - 5 95 95 - - 14 86 86 Сенегал 2016 - - 9 91 91 - - 12 88 88 - - 12 88 88 - - 11 89 89 Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Люсия 2016 178 19 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Люсия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 100 - - - - - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 73 27 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - 24 76 - - - 14 86 - - - 39 61 - Сомали 2016 - - 10 90 - - - 25 75 - - - 29 71 - - - 12 88 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - 15 85 85 - - 13 87 87 - - 15 85 85 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - 15 85 85 - - 16 84 84 - - 2 98 98 Таджикистан 2012 7 995 27 - - 6 94 43 - - - - - - - - - - Таджикистан 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - 3 97 93 - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 - - 0 100 100 - - 4 96 93 - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 - - 25 75 66 - - 19 81 67 - - 33 67 66 Того 2016 - - 36 64 62 - - 24 76 72 - - 28 72 64 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 12 79 9 91 88 15 80 5 95 94 3 86 10 90 86 Уганда 2016 - - 2 98 98 4 87 9 91 88 11 78 11 89 86 11 83 6 94 92 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - 5 95 - - - - - - - - 5 95 - Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 - - - 5 95 - - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - 27 73 - - - 8 92 - - - 29 71 - Чад 2016 - - 7 93 - - - 29 71 - - - 23 77 - - - 31 69 - Черногория 2016 629 66 85 15 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 95 5 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 - - 7 93 93 - - 8 92 92 - - 7 93 93 Шри-Ланка 2016 - - 1 99 99 - - 12 88 88 - - 8 92 92 - - 0 100 100 Эритрея 2012 4 561 36 - - 18 82 65 - - - - - - - - - - Эритрея 2012 - - 20 80 59 - - 17 83 66 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 - - 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 59 17 24 76 76 66 23 10 90 85 3 67 30 70 65 Эфиопия 2016 79 14 6 94 90 3 69 28 72 66 59 17 24 76 76 89 6 5 95 94 Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - 8 92 84 - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - 6 94 88 - - 9 91 82 - - - - - - - - - - Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я 100 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Армения 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Бангладеш 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Бенин 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Бенин 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Гаити 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Гамбия 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Гана 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Джибути 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Джибути 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Замбия 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Зимбабве 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Индонезия 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Камерун 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Камерун 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Кения 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Кения 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 101 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 101 25 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Армения 2016 2 925 63 69 - - 94 69 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - 28 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - 28 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 - - - 54 - - - - 90 - - - - 47 - Бангладеш 2016 - - - 69 - - - - 51 - - - - 51 - - - - 90 - Бенин 2016 10 872 46 - - - 90 - - - - 95 - - - - 87 - Бенин 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 89 - - - - 89 - - - - 92 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 - - 0 91 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 95 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 - - 0 90 - - - 0 91 - - - 0 90 - - - - 97 - Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 - - - 96 - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 57 - - 93 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 - - - 71 - - - - 73 - - - - 70 - Гаити 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 70 - - - - 64 - - - - 75 - Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - - 85 - - - - - - - - - - - Гамбия 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 - - 0 92 - - - 0 94 - - - 0 89 - Гана 2016 - - 0 87 - - - 0 96 - - - 0 92 - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 - - - 62 - - - - 83 - - - - 57 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 - - - 89 - - - - 61 - - - - 55 - - - - 74 - Джибути 2016 942 78 - - - 35 - - - - 45 - - - - 24 - Джибути 2016 - - - 64 - - - - 29 - - - - 31 - - - - 61 - Египет 2010 84 108 43 9 91 0 63 10 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 4 96 0 65 5 10 90 0 63 11 6 94 0 62 6 27 73 0 71 30 Замбия 2016 16 591 42 - - - 80 - - - - 83 - - - - 53 - Замбия 2016 - - - 91 - - - - 61 - - - - 80 - - - - 84 - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 58 32 10 81 - 70 25 5 83 - 57 33 11 81 - Зимбабве 2016 56 35 9 80 - 59 32 10 81 - 53 35 12 78 - 61 31 9 96 - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 76 0 24 99 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 - - 1 80 - - - 1 83 - - - 1 77 - Индонезия 2016 - - 1 88 - - - 1 78 - - - 1 82 - - - 2 70 - Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Камерун 2016 23 439 55 - - - 71 - - - - - - - - - - - Камерун 2016 - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - 89 - Кения 2016 48 462 26 - - 0 77 - - - 0 81 - - - 0 74 - Кения 2016 - - 0 80 - - - 1 76 - - - 0 76 - - - - 79 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s a t p oi nt s o f ca re a nd w at er a nd so ap a t t oi le ts ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e or to ile ts ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (h an d hy gi en e fa ci lit ie s m iss in g at po in ts o f c ar e an d to ile ts ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 102 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Конго 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Мавритания 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Малави 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Мьянма 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Нигер 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Нигерия 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Никарагуа 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Никарагуа 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 103 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 36 67 36 64 0 36 67 - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 - - - 40 - - - - 23 - - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 - - - 61 - - - - 61 - - - - 61 - Конго 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 61 - - - - 58 - - - - 65 - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 - - 2 77 - - - 4 77 - - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - - - 4 72 - - - 0 81 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 62 - - 74 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 - - - 79 - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 36 - - 53 36 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - - 45 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 - - 1 - 93 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 100 0 0 100 100 99 - - 99 100 - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 - - - 84 - - - - 92 - - - - 64 - Мавритания 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 76 - - - - 73 - - - - 97 - Мадагаскар 2016 24 895 36 - - - 43 - - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2016 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 - - - 73 - - - - 85 - - - - 53 - Малави 2016 - - - 90 - - - - 60 - - - - 58 - - - - 86 - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 80 20 0 88 86 75 25 0 100 75 80 20 0 88 86 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мозамбик 2016 28 829 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29 - Мозамбик 2016 - - - - - - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 - - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 - - - 91 - - - - 100 - - - - 90 - Мьянма 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - - - Намибия 2016 2 480 48 - - - 81 - - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2016 - - - 86 - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 - - - 70 - - - - 43 - - - - 43 - - - - 73 - Нигер 2016 20 673 16 - - 0 68 - - - 0 80 - - - 1 58 - Нигер 2016 - - - 86 - - - 0 66 - - - 0 68 - - - - 90 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 43 44 13 63 43 - - 2 72 - - - 0 56 - Нигерия 2016 - - 1 77 - - - 1 59 - - - 1 62 - - - 1 73 - Никарагуа 2016 6 150 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 - Никарагуа 2016 - - - - - - - - 24 - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 35 - - 66 35 61 - - 81 61 21 - - 59 21 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 58 - - 89 58 33 - - 65 33 24 - - 58 24 57 - - 85 57 Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов 104 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Руанда 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Сенегал 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Сомали 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Того 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Того 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Уганда 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Чад 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - Черногория 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Шри-Ланка 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Эфиопия 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены 105 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 - - - 15 - - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15 - - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 - - - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Руанда 2016 11 918 17 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 70 - Руанда 2016 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 - - - 93 - - - - 94 - - - - 81 - Сенегал 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 93 - - - - 92 - - - - 95 - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 110 51 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Винсент и Гренадины 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2010 51 31 - - - 92 - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 96 - - - - 95 - - - - 86 - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 - - - 58 - - - - 77 - - - - 30 - Сомали 2016 - - - 85 - - - - 56 - - - - 52 - - - - 71 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 - - - 85 - - - - 90 - - - - 85 - Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - 83 - - - - 97 - Того 2016 7 606 41 - - - 91 - - - - 95 - - - - - - Того 2016 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 1 328 54 - - - 84 - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 - - - 51 - - - - 89 - - - - 85 - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 - - 1 84 - - - 1 87 - - - 1 85 - Уганда 2016 - - 0 86 - - - 1 72 - - - 1 84 - - - - 96 - Чад 2016 14 453 23 - - - 78 - - - - 92 - - - - 80 - Чад 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 78 - - - - 82 - - - - 83 - Черногория 2016 629 66 100 - - 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 - - - 91 - - - - 98 - - - - 89 - Шри-Ланка 2016 - - - 93 - - - - 90 - - - - 91 - - - - 99 - Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 - - 2 52 - - - 1 64 - - - 3 33 - Эфиопия 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 49 - - - 2 42 - - - 2 68 - Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - - 80 - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - - - - ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.3 | Страновые оценки гигиены Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов 106 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Армения 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Бангладеш 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Бенин 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Бенин 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Бразилия 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Буркина-Фасо 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вануату 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вануату 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Гаити 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Гамбия 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Гана 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 0 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - 0 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Джибути 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Джибути 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Египет 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Замбия 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Замбия 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Зимбабве 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 Йемен 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Йемен 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Индонезия 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Кения 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 107 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 77 88 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Андорра 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2010 95 26 - - - 65 - - - - - - - - - - - Антигуа и Барбуда 2010 - - - 67 - - - - 64 - - - - 56 - - - - 75 - Армения 2016 2 925 63 97 - - 97 97 - - - - - - - - - - Армения 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Афганистан 2013 31 732 24 - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - - 83 Афганистан 2013 - - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - 83 - - - - - Бангладеш 2016 162 952 35 11 56 32 25 48 38 47 15 55 75 9 57 34 22 46 Бангладеш 2016 11 47 42 25 52 11 59 30 25 47 9 57 34 22 46 37 48 15 54 74 Бенин 2016 10 872 46 26 70 4 42 55 29 64 7 42 62 24 74 2 42 49 Бенин 2016 45 55 0 68 73 25 71 4 41 54 30 67 3 46 60 17 76 7 34 44 Бразилия 2015 207 848 86 - - 17 56 - - - - - - - - - - - Бразилия 2015 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - 10 64 - - - 26 47 - Буркина-Фасо 2016 18 646 28 31 69 1 31 77 33 65 2 33 85 23 77 0 23 83 Буркина-Фасо 2016 86 9 5 95 91 32 67 1 32 74 23 77 0 23 89 38 60 2 38 81 Бурунди 2016 10 524 12 84 - - 84 94 - - - - - - - - - - Бурунди 2016 94 - - 94 94 81 - - 81 94 - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 798 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Бутан 2016 86 - - 96 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вануату 2016 270 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вануату 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 94 569 35 - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - Вьетнам 2016 - - - - 92 - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - - - Гаити 2016 10 847 53 6 71 23 15 35 8 60 32 17 48 4 78 18 13 26 Гаити 2016 12 63 26 22 52 5 72 23 14 32 6 73 20 16 30 5 69 25 14 37 Гамбия 2016 2 039 60 - - - 66 - - - - - - - - - - - Гамбия 2016 - - - 63 - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Гана 2016 28 207 55 51 - - 98 57 53 - - 96 59 50 - - 92 55 Гана 2016 74 - - 93 84 39 - - 100 42 56 - - 98 58 18 - - 61 23 Гвинея-Бисау 2016 1 816 43 0 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Гвинея-Бисау 2016 - - - - - 0 - - 7 10 - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 9 113 56 - - - 96 - - - - - - - - - - - Гондурас 2016 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - 96 - - - - - - Гренада 2016 107 36 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Гренада 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - - - - 100 - Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 78 736 43 12 68 20 43 24 17 67 16 43 35 10 69 21 43 21 Демократическая Республика Конго 2016 38 54 8 65 57 11 69 20 42 23 11 72 17 47 22 13 62 25 37 27 Джибути 2016 942 78 35 - - 35 41 43 - - 43 45 26 - - 26 37 Джибути 2016 64 - - 64 65 29 - - 29 57 31 - - 31 52 61 - - 61 92 Египет 2010 84 108 43 17 83 0 33 45 - - - - - - - - - - Египет 2010 22 78 0 37 56 15 85 0 32 42 - - 0 34 - - - 0 23 - Замбия 2016 16 591 42 40 - - 84 72 61 - - 90 76 40 - - 89 63 Замбия 2016 57 - - 72 87 36 - - 86 67 46 - - 87 86 63 - - 95 86 Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 4 791 76 - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - - - Западный берег реки Иордан и сектор Газа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Зимбабве 2016 16 150 32 55 45 0 70 55 90 9 0 95 90 46 54 0 64 46 Зимбабве 2016 64 34 2 64 71 53 47 0 71 53 51 49 0 68 51 73 27 0 79 73 Йемен 2016 27 584 35 13 37 50 36 20 - - 50 - - - - 50 - - Йемен 2016 7 44 49 32 19 - - 60 - - 14 35 51 36 20 - - - - - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 76 21 3 80 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индонезия 2016 261 115 54 66 - - 80 66 66 - - 84 68 64 - - 76 64 Индонезия 2016 84 - - 90 92 58 - - 77 58 70 - - 83 70 39 - - 60 50 Камбоджа 2016 15 762 23 - - - 94 - - - - - - - - - - - Камбоджа 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - Кения 2016 48 462 26 33 62 5 33 50 60 - - 91 60 44 - - 97 51 Кения 2016 53 38 9 62 89 42 54 4 65 68 47 51 2 72 73 47 46 8 60 58 COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te se gr eg at ed a nd tr ea te d an d di sp os ed o f s af el y) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed o r t re at ed a nd di sp os ed sa fe ly ) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (W as te n ot se gr eg at ed n or tr ea te d an d di sp os ed sa fe ly ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 108 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Кирибати 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кирибати 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Конго 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Лесото 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Мавритания 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Мадагаскар 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Малави 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Маршалловы Острова 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Маршалловы Острова 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Мьянма 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Намибия 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Науру 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Науру 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Нигер 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Нигерия 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Ниуэ 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ниуэ 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 109 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Кирибати 2016 114 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кирибати 2016 50 0 50 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 86 - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - 86 - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 796 29 - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - - Коморские Острова 2016 - - - 60 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - - Конго 2016 5 126 66 12 27 60 40 26 12 32 55 45 25 12 21 66 34 27 Конго 2016 16 31 53 47 31 12 27 61 39 25 14 30 57 44 26 10 24 67 33 24 Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 23 696 50 - - - 80 - - - - 80 - - - - - - Кот-д'Ивуар 2016 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - 92 - - - - - - Кувейт 2016 4 053 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Кувейт 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 5 956 36 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Кыргызстан 2016 72 - - 72 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 6 758 34 33 - - 33 50 - - - - - - - - - - Лаосская Народно- Демократическая Республика 2016 18 - - 18 70 40 - - 40 40 - - - - - - - - - - Лесото 2015 2 135 27 47 33 20 80 57 - - - - - 46 36 19 81 52 Лесото 2015 64 14 21 79 86 45 35 20 80 53 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 67 - - 84 67 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 59 - - 88 59 63 - - 88 63 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 6 007 88 64 31 5 95 64 - - - - - - - - - - Ливан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 6 293 80 43 - - 46 43 - - - - - - - - - - Ливия 2016 50 - - 84 50 39 - - 39 42 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 97 - - 100 97 92 - - 100 92 - - - - - - - - - - Мавритания 2016 4 301 52 25 54 21 70 36 46 44 10 67 67 7 63 30 45 19 Мавритания 2016 62 36 2 90 64 23 55 22 54 40 18 58 24 51 35 61 33 6 77 72 Мадагаскар 2014 23 590 35 42 - - 78 42 - - - - - - - - - - Мадагаскар 2014 - - - - - 40 - - 81 40 42 - - 76 42 - - - - - Малави 2016 18 092 17 43 56 1 90 49 43 56 2 83 54 43 56 0 92 47 Малави 2016 41 58 1 88 41 41 58 1 90 57 39 61 0 94 72 46 52 1 85 46 Мали 2016 17 995 41 - - - 28 - - - - - - - - - - - Мали 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 30 - - 47 59 50 - - 50 75 29 - - 47 58 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Маршалловы Острова 2016 53 76 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Маршалловы Острова 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты) 2016 105 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Микронезия (Федеративные Штаты) 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 3 027 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Монголия 2016 - - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - - - Мьянма 2016 52 885 30 3 88 9 17 11 30 67 3 71 48 1 89 9 14 8 Мьянма 2016 22 73 5 68 37 1 90 9 11 8 2 89 9 17 10 46 46 9 69 71 Намибия 2013 2 317 45 20 77 3 53 55 - - - - - - - - - - Намибия 2013 33 62 4 58 87 19 78 3 52 51 19 79 2 34 51 25 70 5 31 67 Науру 2016 11 100 - - - - - - - - - - NA NA NA NA NA Науру 2016 - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 28 983 19 1 62 36 5 21 - - - - - - - - - - Непал 2016 1 35 64 4 43 1 73 26 5 13 1 71 28 4 13 2 32 65 5 44 Нигер 2016 20 673 16 60 - - 73 60 64 - - 71 70 48 - - 75 48 Нигер 2016 - - - 62 - 56 - - 76 56 58 - - 74 58 - - - 68 - Нигерия 2016 185 990 49 43 47 10 73 43 50 46 4 80 50 36 49 15 67 36 Нигерия 2016 51 45 4 73 52 40 48 12 73 40 42 49 9 77 42 26 58 16 40 50 Ниуэ 2016 2 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ниуэ 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 55 572 32 27 65 7 52 34 43 49 7 60 54 19 74 8 46 28 Объединенная Республика Танзания 2016 49 47 4 60 58 26 66 7 52 39 20 74 7 50 31 47 43 10 58 61 Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я 110 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Острова Кука 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Острова Кука 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Палау 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Палау 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Руанда 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Руанда 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сейшельские Острова 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Сейшельские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Сенегал 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Сомали 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Таджикистан 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Таджикистан 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Того 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Тонга 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тонга 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Тувалу 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тувалу 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Уганда 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Чад 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 Черногория 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Шри-Ланка 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Эквадор 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Эквадор 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Эфиопия 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - 111 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.4 | Страновые оценки обращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Острова Кука 2016 17 75 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Острова Кука 2016 50 - - 50 50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Палау 2016 22 79 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Палау 2016 0 - - 100 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 8 085 13 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Папуа-Новая Гвинея 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 6 725 61 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - - - - - - Парагвай 2016 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - - 80 23 - - - - - Перу 2016 31 774 78 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - - - - - - Перу 2016 - - - - - 27 - - 98 27 28 - - 97 28 - - - - - Руанда 2011 10 516 17 49 47 3 91 62 - - - - - - - - - - Руанда 2011 67 31 2 93 79 48 49 3 90 60 49 50 1 94 61 49 45 6 86 63 Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Сейшельские Острова 2016 94 56 80 - - 80 80 - - - - - - - - - - Сейшельские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сенегал 2016 15 412 46 31 54 15 40 41 23 57 19 32 58 33 56 12 44 33 Сенегал 2016 33 44 24 39 69 31 55 14 41 39 31 56 13 40 37 31 45 24 39 59 Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 55 31 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сент-Китс и Невис 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 - Сербия 2016 8 820 56 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Сербия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2016 599 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Соломоновы Острова 2016 58 - - 100 58 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сомали 2016 14 318 44 13 58 29 51 26 20 65 15 66 34 2 46 52 28 13 Сомали 2016 34 64 2 93 42 11 57 32 48 24 12 54 34 44 25 15 66 19 67 28 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 7 396 41 17 83 0 59 53 27 73 0 70 39 15 85 0 49 31 Сьерра-Леоне 2016 - - - - - 16 84 0 50 31 15 85 0 48 31 41 59 0 89 46 Таджикистан 2012 7 995 27 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Таджикистан 2012 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 1 269 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тимор-Лешти 2016 40 60 0 100 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Того 2016 7 606 41 30 68 2 73 32 43 50 7 75 48 - - - - - Того 2016 - - - - - 28 70 2 72 29 30 68 2 74 32 - - - - - Тонга 2016 107 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тонга 2016 13 88 0 100 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 1 328 54 - - - 87 - - - - - - - - - - - Тринидад и Тобаго 2010 - - - 64 - - - - 91 - - - - 88 - - - - - - Тувалу 2016 11 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тувалу 2016 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 11 403 68 - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - 18 - - - - - Уганда 2016 41 488 23 43 - - 70 43 44 - - 65 49 24 - - 75 35 Уганда 2016 72 - - 92 72 29 - - 68 33 41 - - 85 41 42 - - 60 52 Филиппины 2016 103 320 46 - - - 68 - - - - - - - - - 68 - Филиппины 2016 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - 68 - - - - - - Чад 2016 14 453 23 55 - - 74 55 70 - - 70 75 55 - - 71 55 Чад 2016 88 - - 90 88 53 - - 76 53 57 - - 73 57 60 - - 60 66 Черногория 2016 629 66 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 10 611 74 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Чехия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Шри-Ланка 2016 20 798 18 27 69 4 51 44 47 51 1 66 69 19 76 5 45 34 Шри-Ланка 2016 38 60 1 63 52 18 76 6 39 38 23 74 4 47 40 72 25 3 87 84 Эквадор 2016 16 385 64 49 - - 53 59 53 - - 58 66 42 - - 45 50 Эквадор 2016 67 - - 72 82 48 - - 52 58 46 - - 50 56 63 - - 70 77 Эстония 2016 1 312 69 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - - - - - - Эстония 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Эфиопия 2016 102 403 20 64 - - 87 64 85 - - 93 85 54 - - 94 54 Эфиопия 2016 94 - - 94 95 63 - - 86 63 68 - - 89 68 72 - - 76 72 Южный Судан 2016 12 231 19 - - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - Южный Судан 2016 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - - - - Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я 112 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.5 | Страновые оценки поддержания чистоты окружающей среды ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Тунис 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - Черногория 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 113 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3.5 | Страновые оценки поддержания чистоты окружающей среды ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ СТРАНА, РАЙОН ИЛИ ТЕРРИТОРИЯ Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Азербайджан 2016 9 725 55 - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - - - Азербайджан 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 1 324 171 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Индия 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 1 403 500 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Китай 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Либерия 2016 4 614 50 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Либерия 2016 - - - - 89 - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 2 908 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Литва 2016 - - - 100 - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Мальдивские Острова 2016 428 39 18 38 44 62 19 50 25 25 75 50 17 38 44 62 18 Мальдивские Острова 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 33 97 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 - - - - - Сан-Марино 2016 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 Тунис 2016 11 403 68 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - - - - - - Тунис 2016 - - - - - 43 49 8 51 43 43 49 8 51 43 - - - - - Черногория 2016 629 66 80 15 5 80 85 - - - - - - - - - - Черногория 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = оценка отсутствует. NA = неприменимо. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e st af f t ra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l c le an in g se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 114 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.1 | Региональные и глобальныеоценки водоснабжения ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Океания 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Наименее развитые страны 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - Весь мир 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 115 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.1 | Региональные и глобальныеоценки водоснабжения ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 10 90 - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 92 3 5 95 - - - 7 93 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 87 3 10 90 85 - - 4 96 - - - 11 89 - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - 87 3 10 90 85 90 0 10 90 88 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - 5 95 92 - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - 82 12 6 94 89 - - 6 94 90 - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 1 99 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 100 - Океания 2016 11 331 23 70 24 6 94 88 - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - 71 24 5 95 88 - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 51 23 26 74 60 75 8 16 84 86 49 23 29 71 59 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 76 16 8 92 86 55 19 25 75 64 47 24 28 71 60 67 18 14 86 74 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 55 22 22 78 64 - - 7 93 89 43 32 25 75 60 Наименее развитые страны 2016 79 14 7 93 84 54 25 21 79 63 51 26 23 77 60 78 13 9 91 79 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 45 36 18 82 66 71 22 7 93 85 42 35 23 77 62 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 79 15 6 94 90 51 30 18 82 64 35 46 19 81 63 64 30 6 94 77 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 65 23 11 89 71 - - 8 92 92 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - 6 94 82 66 22 12 88 70 - - 15 85 59 - - 12 88 61 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 74 14 12 88 79 - - 5 95 - - - 15 85 - Весь мир 2016 - - 4 96 - 85 4 11 89 78 - - 12 88 79 - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ба зо вы е ус лу ги в од ос на бж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, е ст ь во да , в п ом ещ ен ии ) О гр ан ич ен ны е у сл уг и во до сн аб ж ен ия (у лу чш ен ны е, в од ы не т и /и ли н е в по м ещ ен ии ) Ус лу ги о тс ут ст ву ю т (н еу лу чш ен ны е и ли с ов се м о тс ут ст ву ю т) Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик во до сн аб ж ен ия Ул уч ш ен ны й ис то чн ик в п ом ещ ен ии Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es Ba si c w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , a va ila bl e an d on p re m ise s) Li m ite d w at er se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e an d/ or n ot o n pr em ise s) N o w at er se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed w at er so ur ce Im pr ov ed w at er on p re m is es 116 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.2 | Региональные и глобальная оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Наименее развитые страны 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - Весь мир 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 117 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.2 | Региональные и глобальная оценки санитарии САНИТАРИЯ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 40 60 - - - - - - - - 31 69 - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 - - 15 85 85 - - 35 65 - - - 21 79 - - - 55 45 - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - 5 95 83 - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - 5 95 83 - - 3 97 83 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - 21 76 3 97 84 - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - 32 68 - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - 33 67 - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 23 48 29 71 63 - - 27 73 64 4 60 36 64 56 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - 17 83 74 4 61 35 65 57 - - 37 63 56 - - 25 75 70 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - 21 78 68 - - 10 90 82 - - 24 76 66 Наименее развитые страны 2016 57 34 8 92 84 - - 22 78 72 - - 24 76 71 - - 13 87 84 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 42 44 14 86 78 - - 6 94 81 4 78 19 81 70 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - 5 95 88 4 81 15 85 79 42 43 15 85 76 62 32 7 93 92 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - 24 76 70 - - 10 90 90 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - 6 94 90 - - 26 74 65 - - 17 83 63 - - 18 82 76 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 21 79 78 - - - - - - - 23 77 - Весь мир 2016 - - 9 91 88 - - 20 80 80 - - 16 84 81 - - 36 64 - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (ул уч ш ен ны е, п ри го дн ые дл я п ол ьз ов ан ия , о тд ел ьн ые д ля п ер со на ла , р аз де ль ны е дл я му жч ин и дл я ж ен щ ин с ус ло ви ям и дл я с об лю де ни я т ре бо ва ни й ги ги ен ы во вр ем я м ен ст ру ац ии и п ри сп ос об ле нн ые дл я л иц с ог ра ни че нн ой п од ви жн ос ть ю) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии (у лу чш ен ны е, н е со от ве тс тв ую т в се м к ри те ри ям б аз ов ог о ур ов ня ) Ус лу ги с ан ит ар ии о тс ут ст ву ю т (с оо ру ж ен ия о тс ут ст ву ю т и ли н еу лу чш ен ны е) Ул уч ш ен ны е Ул уч ш ен ны е и пр иг од ны е дл я по ль зо ва ни я Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le Ba si c sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , u sa bl e, d ed ic at ed fo r s ta ff, se x- se pa ra te d w ith m en st ru al h yg ie ne fa cil iti es , a nd u se rs w ith lim ite d m ob ilit y) Li m ite d sa ni ta tio n se rv ic es (im pr ov ed , n ot m ee tin g al l c rit er ia fo r b as ic ) N o sa ni ta tio n se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) Im pr ov ed Im pr ov ed a nd u se ab le 118 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.3 | Региональные и глобальные оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Наименее развитые страны 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 119 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.3 | Региональные и глобальные оценки гигиены ГИГИЕНА В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - 42 - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 76 0 24 95 78 - - 50 - - - - 39 - - - - 62 - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - 36 64 0 44 67 36 64 0 45 67 - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - - - 0 - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - - 98 - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 - - 6 69 - - - 1 79 - - - 1 59 - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - 1 84 - - - 1 64 - - - 1 65 - - - 2 79 - ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - - 66 - - - - 85 - - - - 57 - Наименее развитые страны 2016 - - - 83 - - - - 61 - - - - 62 - - - - 83 - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 - - 2 68 - - - 1 78 - - - 3 57 - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - 1 85 - - - 2 63 - - - 2 60 - - - - 81 - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - - 80 - - - - 74 - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - - 78 - - - - 80 - - - - 65 - - - - 75 - Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - 16 57 - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 - - - 90 - - - 18 54 - - - 14 54 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Го д Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ба зо вы е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и во да и м ыл о в ту ал ет ах ) О гр ан ич ен ны е ср ед ст ва ги ги ен ы (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и ил и в ту ал ет ах ) С ре дс тв а ги ги ен ы о тс ут ст ву ю т (п ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы ру к от су тс тв ую т в м ес та х о ка за ни я по м ощ и и в ту ал ет ах ) М ат ер иа лы д ля со бл ю де ни я ги ги ен ы р ук в м ес та х ок аз ан ия п ом ощ и П ри сп ос об ле ни я дл я м ы ть я ру к вб ли зи ту ал ет ов Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts Ba si c hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa ci lit y w ith w at er a nd so ap ) Li m ite d hy gi en e se rv ic es (fa cil ity w ith w at er , b ut n o so ap ) N o hy gi en e se rv ic e (n o fa ci lit y or n o w at er ) H an d hy gi en e m at er ia ls at p oi nt s o f c ar e H an dw as hi ng fa ci lit ie s ne ar to ile ts 120 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.4 | Региональные и глобальные оценкиобращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Наименее развитые страны 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 121 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.4 | Региональные и глобальные оценкиобращения с отходами ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С ОТХОДАМИ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 67 24 8 72 88 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - 83 - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - 11 - 39 - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - 11 - - - - 13 - - - - 11 - - - - 0 - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 10 - - 97 10 - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - 9 - - 98 9 - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 40 49 11 65 47 47 45 8 72 55 35 51 14 70 42 Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 60 34 6 76 69 38 50 12 68 46 40 51 10 71 48 39 46 15 55 53 ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 27 51 22 49 43 39 46 15 59 60 24 54 22 51 40 Наименее развитые страны 2016 42 34 24 59 62 26 52 21 48 42 25 53 21 49 42 40 42 17 56 61 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 49 - - 68 56 67 - - 80 75 44 - - 81 52 Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 71 - - 78 80 46 - - 69 54 47 - - 72 58 54 - - 64 65 Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 8 69 23 45 24 9 58 32 18 48 - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 17 60 23 38 50 6 71 23 45 21 6 73 20 17 30 5 69 25 15 37 Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - 60 - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 65 - - 75 80 - - - 60 - - - - 59 - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Го д Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ба зо вы е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и (о тх од ы ра зд ел яю тс я и бе зо па сн о об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и уд ал яю тс я) О гр ан ич ен ны е ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с от хо да м и (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я ил и б ез оп ас но н е об ра ба ты ва ю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) Ус лу ги п о об ра щ ен ию с о тх од ам и от су тс тв ую т (о тх од ы не р аз де ля ю тс я и бе зо па сн о не о бр аб ат ыв аю тс я и не у да ля ю тс я) О тх од ы р аз де ля ю тс я О тх од ы о бр аб ат ы ва ю тс я Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d Ba si c w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed a nd a va ila bl e) Li m ite d w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce s (im pr ov ed , n ot a va ila bl e) N o w as te m an ag em en t s er vi ce (n o fa ci lit y or u ni m pr ov ed ) W as te se gr eg at ed W as te tr ea te d 122 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.5 | Региональные и глобальные оценки поддержания чистоты окружающей среды ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Наименее развитые страны 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. 123 П РИ Л О Ж ЕН И Я Д О КЛ А Д О Б И С ХО Д Н О М С О С ТО ЯН И И В М И РЕ В 2019 Г. ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 4.5 | Региональные и глобальные оценки поддержания чистоты окружающей среды ПОДДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧИСТОТЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ В ЦЕЛОМ ПО СТРАНЕ ГОРОДСКИЕ СЕЛЬСКИЕ БОЛЬНИЦЫ НЕ-БОЛЬНИЦЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ РЕГИОН Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты РЕГИОН Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Регион ЦУР Регион ЦУР Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 28 787 86 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Австралия и Новая Зеландия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 1 916 054 35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Центральная и Южная Азия 2016 73 8 19 74 92 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 2 283 684 57 - - - 46 - - - - - - - - - - - Восточная и Юго-Восточная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - 46 - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 1 100 041 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Европа и Северная Америка 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 639 049 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Латинская Америка и Карибский бассейн 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 492 324 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Северная Африка и Западная Азия 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 11 331 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Океания 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 995 695 39 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Африка к югу от Сахары 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ ДРУГИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ Наименее развитые страны 2016 979 388 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Наименее развитые страны 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 491 970 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Развивающиеся страны, не имеющие выхода к морю 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 68 321 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Малые островные развивающиеся государства 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 7 466 964 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Весь мир 2016 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an NATIONAL URBAN RURAL COUNTRY, AREA OR TERRITORY Ye ar HOSPITAL NON-HOSPITAL GOVERNMENT NON-GOVERNMENT Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng - = оценка отсутствует. Неокругленные оценки см. в www.washdata.org. Го д Н ас ел ен ие (т ы ся ч че ло ве к) % го ро дс ко го Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Го д Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ба зо вы й ур ов ен ь по дд ер ж ан ия ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты , п ер со на л об уч ен ) О гр ан ич ен ны й ур ов ен ь ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты ок ру ж аю щ ей с ре ды (П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты и ли о бу че ны н ек от ор ые р аб от ни ки ) О тс ут ст ви е ус лу г п о по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты о кр уж аю щ ей ср ед ы (П ро то ко ло в не т и н ик то и з р аб от ни ко в не о бу че н) П ро то ко лы п од де рж ан ия ч ис то ты О бу че ни е по дд ер ж ан ию ч ис то ты Ye ar Po pu la tio n (th ou sa nd s) % u rb an Ye ar Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng Ba si c en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s a nd st af f t ra in ed ) Li m ite d en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic es (C le an in g pr ot oc ol s o r s om e s ta ff tra in ed ) N o en vi ro nm en ta l cl ea ni ng se rv ic e (N o pr ot oc ol s a nd n o st af f t ra in ed ) Pr ot oc ol s f or c le an in g Tr ai ni ng o n cl ea ni ng 124 W A SH В М ЕД И Ц И Н С КИ Х УЧ РЕ Ж Д ЕН И ЯХ WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES PRACTICAL STEPS TO ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO QUALITY CARE Информацию о практических шагах, которые могут быть предприняты странами для улучшения состояния WASH в медицинских учреждениях, можно найти в сопутствующем документе, изданном ВОЗ и ЮНИСЕФ. www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/ wash-in-health-care-facilities/en ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКИЕ ДОКЛАДЫ ЗАПЛАНИРОВАННЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ МЕХАНИЗМА «ООН — ВОДНЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ» В 2019 Г. Механизм "ООН − водные ресурсы" осуществляет координацию деятельности учреждений, входящих в систему Организации Объединенных Наций, и международных организаций, занимающихся проблемами в области водоснабжения и санитарии. Тем самым механизм "ООН – водные ресурсы" добивается повышения эффективности той поддержки, которая предоставляется государствам-членам в их усилиях по реализации положений международных соглашений в сфере водоснабжения и санитарии. При подготовке публикаций механизма "ООН – водные ресурсы" используются практический опыт и технические знания, накопленные участниками и партнерами механизма. Сводный доклад 2018 г. о ходе достижения Цели 6 в области устойчивого развития, касающейся водных ресурсов и санитарии Сводный доклад 2018 г. о ходе достижения ЦУР 6, касающейся водных ресурсов и санитарии, был опубликован в июне 2018 г. накануне Политического форума высокого уровня по вопросам устойчивого развития, на котором государства-члены подробно рассмотрели ЦУР 6. Доклад, в котором отражена общая позиция учреждений, входящих в систему ООН, помогает лучше понять глобальный прогресс в достижении ЦУР 6 и взаимозависимость между нею и другими целями и задачами. Он также позволяет глубже вникнуть в то, как страны могут планировать и осуществлять свои действия таким образом, чтобы никто не был оставлен без внимания при реализации Повестки дня в области устойчивого развития на период до 2030 года. • Обновленный вариант краткого обзора политики по проблеме водных ресурсов в связи с изменением климата. Издание механизма "ООН – водные ресурсы". • Механизм "ООН – водные ресурсы". Краткий обзор политики по вопросу о водных конвенциях. • Краткая аналитическая справка механизма "ООН – водные ресурсы" по вопросу о рациональном использовании водных ресурсов. Дополнительную информацию о докладах, опубликованных механизмом "ООН – водные ресурсы", можно получить на www.unwater.org/publications. Доклады о показателях достижения Цели 6 в области устойчивого развития В этой серии докладов с использованием глобальных показателей достижения ЦУР иллюстрируется ход выполнения задач, предусмотренных в ЦУР 6. В основе докладов лежат полученные от стран данные, которые систематизируются и проверяются соответствующими учреждениями Организации Объединенных Наций, выступающими в роли кураторов каждого показателя. В докладах показан прогресс в области питьевого водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены (задачи 6.1 и 6.2, выполнение которых контролируется Совместной программой ВОЗ/ЮНИСЕФ по мониторингу водоснабжения, санитарии и гигиены), в области очистки сточных вод и качества воды в окружающей среде (задача 6.3, учреждения-кураторы – Программа ООН по окружающей среде, Программа ООН по населенным пунктам и ВОЗ), в области рационального водопользования и снижения уровня нехватки воды (задача 6.4, ФАО), в области комплексного управления водными ресурсами и трансграничного сотрудничества (задача 6.5, Програм ма ООН по окружающей среде, ЕЭК ООН и ЮНЕСКО), в области охраны экосистем (задача 6.6, Программа ООН по окружающей среде) и в области укрепления потенциала для достижения ЦУР 6 (задачи 6.а и 6.b, Инициатива "Глобальный анализ и оценка состояния санитарии и питьевого водоснабжения" в рамках механизма "ООН – водные ресурсы"). Доклад о состоянии водных ресурсов в мире Этот ежегодный доклад, публикуемый ЮНЕСКО от имени механизма "ООН – водные ресурсы", представляет собой последователь ный и согласованный общий ответ системы Организации Объединенных Наций на вопросы, связанные с пресной водой, и возника ющие проблемы. Тема доклада согласуется с темой Всемирного дня водных ресурсов (22 марта) и каждый год меняется. Краткие обзоры политики и краткие аналитические справки Публикуемые механизмом "ООН – водные ресурсы" краткие обзоры политики составляются с использованием коллективных знаний и опыта системы Организации Объединенных Наций и содержат сжатое и информативное изложение рекомендуемых целей и принципов, касающихся наиболее неотложных вопросов, связанных с пресной водой. Краткие аналитические справки содержат анализ возникающих проблем и могут служить основой для дальнейших исследований, дискуссии и определения будущих целей и принципов. ВО Д О С Н АБ Ж ЕН И Е СА Н И ТА РИ Я ГИ ГИ ЕН А О БР АЩ ЕН И Е С О ТХ О Д АМ И П О Д Д ЕР Ж АН И Е ЧИ С ТО ТЫ О КР УЖ АЮ Щ ЕЙ С РЕ Д Ы Веб-сайт СПМ: washdata.org ISBN 978-92-4-451550-1 В 2016 г.: • 38 стран и три из восьми регионов ЦУР располагали достаточными данными для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами водоснабжения. • 74% медицинских учреждений в мире были обеспечены базовыми услугами водоснабжения, т.е. там была вода из улучшенного источника водоснабжения. • 12% медицинских учреждений в мире не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения, т.е. либо получали воду из улучшенного источника, но расположенного более чем в 500 метрах от учреждения, либо получали воду из источника, который нельзя считать улучшенным, либо вообще не имели источника водоснабжения. • В глобальном масштабе не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения 4% больниц и 11% других медицинских учреждений. • 896 миллионов человек во всем мире не были обеспечены услугами водоснабжения в медицинском учреждении, где им предоставлялась помощь. В 2016 г.: • Достаточный объем данных для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми санитарно- техническими сооружениями имелся только в 18 странах и одном регионе ЦУР. • В странах Африки к югу от Сахары базовый уровень услуг обеспечивался только в 23% медицинских учреждений. • 21% медицинских учреждений во всем мире не были обеспечены санитарно-техническими сооружениями, т.е. у них были неулучшенные туалеты или вообще не было туалетов. • Во всем мире услуги санитарии отсутствовали в 9% больниц и в 20% других медицинских учреждений. • Более 1,5 миллиарда человек во всем мире не были обеспечены услугами санитарии в медицинских учреждении, где им оказывалась медицинская помощь. В 2016 г.: • Достаточными данными для оценки обеспеченности медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами в области гигиены, т.е. данными о наличии в пунктах оказания помощи и в пределах 5 метров от туалетов функционирующих точек для соблюдения гигиены рук (с водой и с мылом и/ или с антисептиком для протирания рук на спиртовой основе) располагали 14 стран. • В одном из шести медицинских учреждений в мире (16%) не было никаких средств гигиены: это означает, что в местах оказания медицинской помощи отсутствовали приспособления для мытья рук, а в туалетах не было мыла и воды. • Данными о наличии приспособлений для мытья рук в туалетах располагало относительно небольшое число стран (16), однако больше данных (в 55 странах) имелось о наличии приспособлений для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи. • Приспособления для мытья рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи имелись в 57% медицинских учреждений в мире. • В Африке к югу от Сахары приспособления для гигиены рук в местах оказания медицинской помощи имелись в 84% больниц и только в 64% других медицинских учреждениях. В 2016 г.: • 48 стран располагали достаточными данными для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами. • 27% медицинских учреждений в наименее развитых странах были обеспечены базовыми услугами по обращению с медицинскими отходами. • В Африке к югу от Сахары базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами было обеспечено 40% медицинских учреждений. • Системы разделения отходов имелись в 60% медицинских учреждений в мире. • В Африке к югу от Сахары базовыми услугами по обращению с отходами были обеспечены 60% больниц и 38% других медицинских учреждений. Семь из десяти государственных (71%) и половина (55%) негосударственных медицинских учреждений осуществляли безопасное разделение отходов. В 2016 г.: • Только 4 страны располагали достаточными данными для оценки охвата медицинских учреждений базовыми услугами по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды. • Для расчета глобального охвата медицинских учреждений базовым уровнем услуг по поддержанию чистоты окружающей среды основными оценочными данными располагало недостаточно большое число стран.