Contraception within the context of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive lives: country profile: Indonesia

Indonesia Contraception within the context of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive lives: Country profile SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS Both Sexes Female Male 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years Total population of adolescents (millions)1 (2019) 46.3 11.2 11.3 11.8 12.0 % of total population that are adolescents1 (2019) 16.9 8.2 8.3 8.6 8.7 % of adolescents that live in rural areas2 (2014) 47.9 49.2 45.6 49.4 47.3 % of total rural population that are adolescents2 (2013) 18.8 9.8 8.6 10.2 9.1 % of total urban population that are adolescents2 (2014) 17.6 8.6 8.6 9.1 8.9 % national monetary child poverty3 (2017) 17.0 Completion rate for lower secondary school4 (2017) Female 88.8 Male 83.2 Completion rate for upper secondary school4 (2017) Female 62.7 Male 63.6 Out of school rate4 (2018) Female 17.8 Male 20.9 CHILD MARRIAGE/UNION STATUS5 (2017) Female Male Adolescents, 15-19, who are married/ in union (%) 9.3 No data % married/in union before age 15 (aged 20-24) 2.0 No data % married/in union before age 18 (aged 20-24)7(2012) 16.3 5.3 SEXUAL ACTIVITY5 (2017) Female Male 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years % of adolescents engaged in pre-coital physical behavior No data No data No data No data % of adolescents that ever- had sex No data 10.9 No data No data % of adolescents having had sex by age 15 No data 1.3 No data No data % of adolescents sexually active in the last month No data 7.6 No data No data FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION 10-14 years 15-19 years % of girls who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting No data No data GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE5 (2017) % of girls who report experiencing: 10-14 years 15-19 years Physical violence in the last 12 months No data No data Sexual violence in the last 12 months No data No data % of adolescents (aged 15-19) who think a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife in certain circumstances Female Male 40.3 48.47 (2012) CHILDBEARING % of adolescent girls who have begun childbearing5 (2017) 10-14 years No data 15-19 years 7.1 % of women (aged 20-24) who gave birth before 18 years5 (2017) 6.9 Number of births per 1,000 girls, 15-196 (2019) 45.0 % of adolescent girls (aged 15-19) with live births who received antenatal care (ANC4+ visits)5 (2017) 64.8 % of births among girls (aged 15-19) attended by skilled health personnel5 (2017) 86.9 ABORTION 10-14 years 15-19 years Abortion rate per 1,000 girls No data No data FERTILITY INTENTIONS & CONTRACEPTIVE USE5,8 (2017) % of pregnancies experienced by adolescent girls aged 15-19 in the 5 years preceding the survey, including current pregnancies, by planning status Married/ In union Unmarried/ not in union Last pregnancy wanted (<2 years) 87.1 48.9 Last pregnancy wanted later (>=2 years) 9.8 31.9 Last pregnancy not wanted at all 3.1 19.2 % of adolescent girls (aged 15-19) with an unmet need for modern methods of contraception 8.5 No data % of sexually active unmarried adolescent girls (aged 15-19) who currently use at least one method of modern contraception No data Current use and non-use of contraception, 15-19 years8 (2017) Contraceptive method mix, 15-19 years8 (2017) Main reasons for not intending to use contraception, 15-19 years 8 (2017) Main sources of contraception, 15-19 years8 (2017) 54.8 43.8 1.4 99.9 0.1 0.1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Not using Modern method Traditional In Union Not in Union 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% In Union Not in Union Periodic abstinence Injection 1 month Implants/norplant Withdrawal Condom Injections 3 month IUD Pill 31.3% 17.0% 13.8% 11.2% 9.2% Postpartum amenorrheic Breastfeeding Other Infrequent sex Don't know In Union 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% In Union Not in Union Husband/friend/relative Pharmacy/drug store/shop Traditional healer/dai (tba) Private hospital/clinic Government 52.8% 19.3% 15.7% 10.7% 1.6% Not married Don't know Other Infrequent sex Access/too far Not in Union WHO/SRH/20.57 © World Health Organization 2020. 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For more information, please contact: Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research; E-mail: srhavp@who.int Website: www.who.int/health- topics/adolescent-health/ HIV/AIDS, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs) AND HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV) Female Male 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years Number of adolescents living with HIV9 (2019) 6900 1400 5500 11000 1500 9300 Number of new HIV infections among adolescents per year9 (2019) 2300 No data 2300 3800 No data 3800 % of adolescents with comprehensive knowledge about AIDS5 (2017) No data No data 21.6 No data No data 4.0 % prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents5 (2017) No data No data 20.5 No data No data No data % of sexually active adolescents who had an HIV test in the last 12 months and received the results5 (2017) No data No data No data No data No data No data % of girls, 15 or older, who have completed the full three dose vaccination schedule for HPV No data No data No data No data No data No data MENSTRUAL HEALTH 10-14 years 15-19 years % of adolescent girls who were aware of menstruation before the onset of their first menstruation No data No data % of adolescent girls who did not participate in social activities, school, or work due to their last menstruation in the last 12 months No data No data DATA SOURCES 1. World Population Prospects, 2019 Revision. Population data. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Available from: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/ [Accessed 15th May, 2020]. 2. United Nations. World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 Revision. New York: United Nations; Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2014. 3. Keeley B, Little C. The State of the World’s Children 2017: Children in a Digital World. UNICEF: New York; 2017. 4. UNESCO Institute of Statistics. UIS Statistics. Available from: http://data.uis.unesco.org [Accessed 15th May, 2020]. 5. National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), and ICF. 2018. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017. Jakarta, Indonesia: BKKBN, BPS, Kemenkes, and ICF; 2018. *Unmet need for modern methods of contraception for girls not married/in union is for the proportion that are sexually active in the last month. 6. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects. Fertility data- 2020-2025. Available from: https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Fertility/ [Accessed 15th May 2020]. 7. Statistics Indonesia- Badan Pusat Statistik-BPS, National Population and Family Planning Board-BKKBN/Indonesia, Kementerian Kesehatan- Kemenkes- Ministry of Health/Indonesia, and ICF International. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012. Jakarta, Indonesia: BPS, BKKBN, Kemenkes, and ICF International; 2013. 8. National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), and ICF. 2018. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017/ IDIR71FL.DTA. Jakarta, Indonesia: BKKBN, BPS, Kemenkes, and ICF; 2018. 9. UNAIDS. Trends of new HIV infections. Available from: http://aidsinfo.unaids.org [Accessed 15th May, 2020].