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IHR core capacity monitoring network: questionannaire for monitoring progress in the implementation of IHR core capacities in states parties

June 23, 2017 World Health Organization

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WHO/WHE/CPI/2017.41

International Health Regulations (2005)

IHR CORE CAPACITY MONITORING FRAMEWORK:

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MONITORING PROGRESS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IHR CORE CAPACITIES IN STATES PARTIES

2017 Questionnaire

Country Health Emergency Preparedness & IHR (2005)

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STATE PARTY MONITORING QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CORE CAPACITIES RELATING TO THE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (2005) Date: //(dd/mm/yyyy)

The IHR Secretariat is required to provide an annual report to the World Health Assembly detailing WHO and States Parties progress on IHR implementation. In order to assist the States Parties in their responsibility to report to the Assembly, the IHR Secretariat has developed a data collection tool which will enable each State Party to provide standardized information about progress of its core capacity development in implementation of IHR (2005) (IHR). The completed data collection tool can be submitted to ihrmonitoring@who.int via email; or by fax to +41227911388 or +41227911399; or in hard copy to IHR Monitoring (WHE/CPI/CME) 20, avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland. The submission of this questionnaire will allow the compilation of a consistent report to the Assembly. However, the use of this format by States Parties is entirely voluntary. All questions should be completed.

Respondent identification State Party

Name and title of contact officer for this report Telephone number

E-mail Enquiries relating to the questionnaire should be directed to the IHR Monitoring Team at ihrmonitoring@who.int Please indicate top three priority areas for strengthening; For States Parties that have obtained a twoyear extension, please also report progress against the implementation of IHR action plans submitted in the extension request and highlight areas where gaps still exist.

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INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING QUESTIONNAIRE This data collection tool is designed primarily for use by National IHR Focal Points (NFPs) in collaboration with public health professionals, managers and other sectors and stakeholders responsible for implementing the IHR. Completion of the questionnaire may require input from professionals and representatives from other sectors such as animal health, food and water safety, environmental health, radiological, nuclear, and chemical disciplines. Data collection should be carried out by the IHR NFPs in consultation with these experts. The data collection process can be accomplished through a workshop, with the questionnaires distributed to the relevant expert groups beforehand, or through other means as appropriate in a specific country context. WHO can provide technical assistance upon request by the States Parties. The completed data collection tool should be properly attested by the IHR NFP and submitted to ihrmonitoring@who.int, with copies to the WHO Regional Office and where available, to the WHO Country Office. The questionnaire is divided into thirteen sections, one for each of the eight core capacities, PoE and four hazards. Individual questions are grouped by Components and Indicators in the questionnaires. The individual questions are self-explanatory and any additional comments or contributions you may wish to make can be accommodated at the end of each section, in the comment box. Additional pages may also be added if required. For each question, mark only one appropriate value (Yes, No, or Not Known) or the appropriate percentages. For statistical purposes, the "Not Known" value will be computed as a "No" value. If a question is not applicable for your country context (in the Points of Entry section), please indicate this in the comment box provided at the end of each section along with the reason why it is not applicable. Please note that the "double questions" (marked as "a" and "b" respectively) in this questionnaire are sub-questions that are linked with each other. However, answering "No" to the first question will not make the second question "not applicable", i.e. "n/a" is not included in the possible responses to the second question in this case. Questions may cover multiple aspects of implementation, and it is important to note that when answering yes to a question, it should mean a yes to all such aspects. In order to answer "yes" to a given question both the presence (i.e. function is available) and quality of the function (i.e. the content is directly relevant to the indicator, component and the IHR) should be considered, and both must be present to qualify for a yes answer. Partly fulfilled functions can be further commented in the comments box, but should be answered as "no". "No" to a question therefore means all or part of the function is not present. If possible, please provide a link to, or a hard copy of: documentation of laws, policies, designated PoE and their competent authorities, authorized ports (with ISO, LOCODE, SSCC, SSCEC and Extension), website, publications, reports etc. Where the term "documented" or "documentation" is mentioned, this means a document or other evidence is available with the IHR NFP or relevant government authorities showing that the required function is achieved and the quality of that achievement is appropriate for that indicator. There is no need to submit relevant documentation or other means of evidence to WHO unless the country wishes to do so; where the term "published" is mentioned, please refer to the relevant footnote for interpretation of the meaning if needed; where the term "National" is used, for countries that have a federal system, this should be interpreted as being for the level appropriate for that function, as determined by the country.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

1 1.1 1.1.1

National legislation 1, 2, policy and financing National legislation and policy Legislation, laws, regulations, administrative requirements, policies or other government instruments in place are sufficient3 for implementation of IHR

NOTE: Before you begin, please review the general instructions for completing the questionnaire. Mark one appropriate value (Yes, No, or Not Known) for each of the questions below. A ‘Not Known’ value will be statistically equivalent to a ‘No’ value. If a question is not applicable for your country context please indicate this in the comment box below.

1.1.1.1 Has an assessment of relevant legislation, regulations, administrative requirements and other

government instruments for IHR implementation been carried out?

1.1.1.2 Have recommendations following assessment of relevant legislation, regulations, administrative

requirements and other government instruments been implemented? capacities 5 been carried out?

1.1.1.3 Has a review of national policies to facilitate IHR NFP functions and IHR technical core 1.1.1.4 Have policies to facilitate IHR NFP core and expanded functions and to strengthen core 6

capacities been implemented?

1.1.1.5 Are key elements of national/domestic IHR-related legislation published ? Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ___________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

1 The WHO Constitution provides that once a new revision of the IHR is adopted by the Health Assembly, all WHO Member States are automatically legally bound by it unless the Member State affirmatively and formally opts out of the new IHR within a limited time period. The deadline to reject or make a reservation to the IHR passed on 15 December 2006. No Member State rejected or opted out of the IHR; only two Member States made reservations. Accordingly, all WHO Member States were legally bound as a matter of international law to the IHR. Under the WHO Constitution and the IHR, it is not required that Member States individually ratify or sign the IHR in order to be bound by it as of 2007. 2 Not strictly a technical core capacity, but important to facilitate implementation of other core capacities of technical nature. 3 A sufficient legal framework for complying with IHR obligations was required as of the date the IHR entered into legal force for all States Parties in 2007; the 2012 deadline for implementation of additional technical capacities in Annex 1 does not apply to the legal framework. 4 While an assessment and revision of national legislation for IHR implementation is not explicitly required in the IHR, it has been strongly urged by the WHA, and advised in WHO guidance documents. For detailed information, see Section I.2 of the WHO Toolkit for IHR Implementation in National Legislation at http://www.who.int/ihr/3._Part_I_Questions_and_Answers.pdf Moreover, as technical capacities and national governance and legal contexts have evolved since entry into force of the IHR in 2007, an assessment of this period is advisable. For advantages and benefits of revising legislation, laws, regulations, administrative requirements, policies or other government instruments, see paragraph 4 on Page 14 of this document. 5 Technical core capacities include surveillance, response, preparedness, risk communication, human resources and laboratory. 6 In addition to coordination and communications, expanded roles of the IHR NFP (see Toolkit for Implementation in national legislation, section 2.5 Functions of the NFP at http://www.who.int/ihr/NFP_Toolkit.pdf) include risk assessment, core capacity development, advocacy etc. 7 WHO does not endorse or recommend specific legislation. For information purposes, WHO publishes a compilation of national IHR-Related legislation adopted by States Parties on its web site http://www.who.int/ihr/7._Part_III_Compilation_of_examples_of_national_LEGISLATION.pdf. Other relevant documents and materials are available to download on the WHO IHR website, at: http://www.who.int/ihr/legal_issues/legislation/en/index.html.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

2 2.1 2.1.1

Coordination 8 and NFP Communications IHR coordination , communication and advocacy 9 10

*A functional mechanism is established for the coordination of relevant sectors 11 in the implementation of IHR

2.1.1.1 Is there coordination within relevant ministries on events that may constitute a public health event

or risk of national or international concern?

2.1.1.2 Are Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) 12 or equivalent available for coordination between

IHR NFP and relevant sectors?

2.1.1.3 Is a multi-sectoral, multidisciplinary body, committee or taskforce 13 in place addressing IHR

requirements on surveillance and response for public health emergencies of national and international concern? updated regularly?

2.1.1.4a Have multisectoral and multidisciplinary coordination and communication mechanisms been 2.1.1.4b Have multisectoral and multidisciplinary coordination and communication mechanisms been

tested through exercises or through the occurrence of an actual event? multidisciplinary coordination and communication mechanisms? relevant sectors? 2.1 2.1.2 14

2.1.1.5 Have action plans been developed to incorporate lessons learnt of multisectoral and 2.1.1.6 Are annual updates conducted on the status of IHR implementation to stakeholders across all Component Indicator IHR coordination, communication and advocacy *IHR NFP functions and operations in place as defined by IHR (2005)

2.1.2.1 Has the IHR NFP been established? 2.1.2.2 Does the IHR NFP provide WHO with updated contact information and annual confirmation of

the IHR NFP?

2.1.2.3 Have any additional roles

and responsibilities for the IHR NFP functions been implemented?

2.1.2.4 Have functions of the IHR-NFP been evaluated for effectiveness (e.g. empowerment, timeliness,

transparency, appropriateness of communication)?

8 “Coordination” means that the coordination mechanism is available and functional with respect to sectors relevant to IHR implementation. 9 The country assigns or determines responsible unit, institution, committee or other body as relevant for IHR coordination 10 “Advocacy” means awareness among all relevant stakeholders of the IHR and their roles in their implementation. 11 Relevant sectors and disciplines (private and public), for example, all levels of the health care system (national, sub-national and community/primary public health) NGOs, and ministries of agriculture (zoonosis, veterinary laboratory), transport (transport policy, civil aviation, ports and maritime transport), trade and/or industry (food safety and quality control), foreign trade (consumer protection, control of compulsory standard enforcement), communication, defence (information about migration flow), treasury or finance (customs) of the environment, the interior, home office, health and tourism. 12 SOPs should detail the ToR, roles and responsibilities of the IHR NFP, implementing structures, various administrative levels, and stakeholders in the implementation of the IHR established, and should be disseminated to all relevant stakeholders. 13 Countries decide who will chair this committee or taskforce, but it should include participation of the national IHR NFP in meetings and decision making processes. 14 The IHR NFP should have been established (as of 2007) with the following mandatory elements for all Member States:--24/7 availability for communications with WHO--Send urgent communications regarding IHR to WHO--Collect information from all relevant sectors to send to WHO under IHR WHO (Arts. 5-12)--Disseminate urgent IHR info from WHO to relevant government sectors etc.--Functional Communications channels with all sectors, decision-maker(s) --Communications with competent authorities on health measures implemented 15 For suggestions on additional roles of the IHR NFP, see http://www.who.int/ihr/elibrary/legal/en/index.html

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2.1.2.5 Have national stakeholders

responsible for the implementation of IHR been identified? 17

2.1.2.6 Has information on obligations

of the IHR NFP under the IHR been disseminated to relevant national authorities and stakeholders? implementation been defined?

2.1.2.7a Have the roles and responsibilities of relevant authorities and stakeholders in regard to IHR 2.1.2.7b Have the roles and responsibilities of relevant authorities and stakeholders in regard to IHR

implementation been disseminated?

2.1.2.8

Have plans to sensitize stakeholders to their roles and responsibilities been implemented 18?

2.1.2.9 Is the IHR Event Information Site used as an integral part of the IHR NFP information resource 19? 2.1.2.10 Has an active 20 IHR website or webpage been established?

Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ____________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

16 “Stakeholders” are any groups, organizations, or systems who can help affects or can be affected by a public health event. These include relevant sectors, various levels and non-governmental organizations working within State Parties 17 Member States need to fulfil all IHR obligations unless an exception or discretion applies. 18 This question refers to activities carried out to increase the awareness of the IHR with stakeholders including with Ministries and partners. 19 i.e. used at least monthly 20 “Active” means that the website is regularly reviewed and updated, with timely information.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

3 3.1 3.1.1

Surveillance 21 Indicator based 22 surveillance 23 (also referred to as structured surveillance, routine surveillance or surveillance for defined conditions) 24 *Indicator-based surveillance includes an early warning function for the early detection of a public health event

3.1.1.1 Is there a list of priority diseases , conditions and case definitions for surveillance? 3.1.1.2 Is there a specific unit(s) designated for surveillance of public health risks? 3.1.1.3 Are surveillance data on epidemic prone and priority diseases analysed at least weekly at national

and sub-national levels?

3.1.1.4 Have baseline estimates, trends, and thresholds for alert and action been defined for the

community /primary response level for priority diseases/events?

3.1.1.5 Is there timely 26 reporting from at least 80% of all reporting units? 3.1.1.6 Are deviations or values exceeding thresholds detected and used for action at the primary public

health response level 27? stakeholders?

3.1.1.7 Has regular 28 feedback 29 of surveillance results been disseminated to all levels and other relevant 3.1.1.8a Have evaluations of the early warning function of the indicator based surveillance been carried

out?

3.1.1.8b Have country experiences, findings, lessons learnt on indicator based surveillance been shared

with the global community? 3.2 3.2.1

Component Indicator -

Event-Based Surveillance 30 *Event-Based Surveillance is established and functioning

3.2.1.1 Has a unit(s) responsible for event-based surveillance 31 been identified? 3.2.1.2 Are country SOPs and/or guidelines for event based surveillance 32 available? 3.2.1.3 Have SOPs and guidelines for event capture, reporting, confirmation, verification, assessment and

notification been implemented? 33

3.2.1.4 Have information sources

for public health events 34 and risks been identified?

21 Indicator-based and event-based surveillance are not necessarily separate surveillance systems and both contribute to the early warning function critical for early detection and prompt response. Although the surveillance functions described are often common to both types of surveillance, the expert working group proposed that the two strategies be separated in this document. This would help countries better identify areas to strengthen in implementing this newer EBS concept, particularly since routine surveillance (IBS) is already well established in many countries 22 Indicator-based surveillance is the routine reporting of cases of disease, including notifiable diseases surveillance systems, sentinel surveillance, laboratory-based surveillance, etc .This routine reporting is commonly health-care facility-based with reporting done on a weekly or monthly basis 23 “Surveillance” is the systematic ongoing collection, collation and analysis of data for public health purposes and the timely dissemination to those who need to know for public health action. 24 Early warning component serves to detect departures from normal. 25 “Priority diseases” are those with the highest public health significance as defined by the country and should include the diseases in Annex 2 of IHR 26 as defined by country standards 27 e.g. documented investigations of outbreaks into actual disease situation other than AFP 28 As defined by country 29 e.g. Epi bulletins, electronic summaries, newsletters, surveillance reports, etc. 30 Event-based surveillance is the organized and rapid capture of information about events that are a potential risk to public health. This information can be rumours and other ad-hoc reports transmitted through formal channels (i.e. established routine reporting systems) and informal channels (i.e. media, health workers and nongovernmental organizations reports) 31 This may be part of the existing routine surveillance system 32 Covers event capture, reporting, epidemiological confirmation, assessment and notification as appropriate.

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3.2.1.5 Is there a system or mechanism in place at national and/or sub-national levels for capturing public

health events from a variety of sources 35?

3.2.1.6 Is there active engagement and sensitization of community leaders, networks, health volunteers,

and other community members on the detection and reporting of unusual health events?

3.2.1.7 Has the community/primary response level reporting been evaluated and updated as needed? 3.2.1.8a Are country experiences and findings on implementation of event-based surveillance, and the

integration with indicator based surveillance documented?

3.2.1.8b Are country experiences and findings on implementation of event-based surveillance, and the

integration with indicator based surveillance, shared with the global community?

3.2.1.9 Are there arrangements with neighbouring countries to share data on surveillance and the control

of public health events that may be of international concern?

3.2.1.10 Is the decision instrument in Annex 2 of the IHR used to notify WHO? 3.2.1.11 Have all of events that meet the criteria for notification under Annex 2 of IHR been notified by

the IHR NFP to WHO within 24 hours of conducting risk assessments 36 over the last 12 months?

If No, what % of events that meet the criteria for notification under Annex 2 of IHR has been notified by the IHR NFP to WHO within 24 hours of conducting risk assessments37 over the last 12 months?_______ -

3.2.1.12 Have all events identified as urgent 38 within the last 12 months been assessed 39 within 48 hours

of reporting?

If No, what % of events identified as urgent within the last 12 months have been assessed within 48 hours of reporting? _______ -

3.2.1.13 Has the IHR NFP responded to all verification requests from WHO within 24 hours in the last 12

months?

If No, what % of verification requests from WHO has the IHR NFP responded to within 24 hours in the last 12 months? _______ -

3.2.1.14a Has the use of the decision instrument been reviewed? 3.2.1.14b Have the procedures for decision making been updated on the basis of lessons learnt? 3.2.1.15a Are country experiences and findings in notification and use of Annex 2 of the IHR documented? 3.2.1.15b Are country experiences and findings in notification and use of Annex 2 of the IHR shared

globally?

Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ___________________________

33 Sources of information could include health sources such as poison centres, some veterinary and animal health sources, environmental health services, pharmaco-vigilance centres, quarantine service, sanitation agencies and associated laboratories (water, food, environmental monitoring, etc.), food safety Authorities/agencies, health inspection agencies (restaurants, hotels, buildings), water supply companies, competent authorities at PoE. non-health sources- radiation protection offices, radiological monitoring services, nuclear regulatory bodies, consumer protection groups, political sources, NGOs, embassies, military, prisons, media, published sources (internet, academic press)or community based sources. Other sources may reflect the impact of health events, for example pharmacies to monitor drug consumption patterns, schools to monitor student absenteeism, metrological centres to monitor effects of weather changes (rainfall, temperatures) etc. 34 Includes events related to the occurrence of disease in humans, such as clustered cases of a disease or syndromes, unusual disease patterns or unexpected deaths as recognized by health workers and other key informants in the country; and events related to potential exposure for humans 35 e.g. including veterinary, media (print, broadcast, community, electronic, internet etc.) 36 Risk assessment can be carried out at various levels (national or sub-national) depending on national structure. 37 Risk assessment can be carried out at various levels (national or sub-national) depending on national structure. 38 "For the purposes of Annex 1, the criteria for urgent events include serious public health impact and/or unusual or unexpected nature with high potential for spread". 39 Risk assessment can be carried out at various levels (national or levels below the national level) depending on national structure.

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Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

4 4.1 4.1.1

Response Rapid Response Capacity *Public health emergency and functioning 40

response mechanisms are established

4.1.1.1 Are resources for rapid response during public health emergencies of national or international

concern accessible?

4.1.1.2 Have public health emergency response management procedures been established for command,

communications and control during public health emergency response operations?

4.1.1.3 Is there a functional, dedicated command and control operations centre in place? 4.1.1.4 Have emergency response management procedures (including mechanism to activate response

plan) been implemented for a real or simulated public health response in the last 12 months?

4.1.1.5a Have emergency response management procedures (including mechanism to activate response

plan) been evaluated after a real or simulated public health response? health response?

4.1.1.5b Have emergency response management procedures been updated after a real or simulated public 4.1.1.6 Are there Rapid Response Teams 41 (RRTs) to respond to events that may constitute a public

health emergency?

4.1.1.7 Are there SOPs and/or guidelines available for the deployment of RRT members? 4.1.1.8 Have staff been trained (including RRT members) in specimen collection and transport? 4.1.1.9 Are there case management guidelines for priority conditions? 4.1.1.10 Are evaluations of response (including the timeliness 42 and quality of response) systematically

carried out?

4.1.1.11 Can multidisciplinary RRT be deployed within 48 hrs 43 from the first report of an urgent 44 event? 4.1.1.12 Has the country offered assistance to other States Parties for developing their response capacities

or implementing control measures? 4.2 4.2.1

Component Indicator -

Infection Control

4.2.1.1 Has responsibility been assigned for surveillance of health-care-associated infections within the

*Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) is established and functioning at national and hospital levels

country?

4.2.1.2 Has responsibility been assigned for surveillance of anti-microbial resistance within the country?

40 Emergencies here refer to emergencies relevant to IHR 41 RRT is a group of :multisectoral/multidisciplinary persons that are ready to respond on a 24 hour basis (Annex 1A, Article 6h) to a public health event; trained in outbreak investigation and control, infection control and decontamination, social mobilization and communication, specimen collection and transportation, chemical event investigation and management and if applicable, radiation event investigation and management. The composition of the team is determined by the country concerned. 42 “Timeliness” here is the time between detection of the event and initiation of a recommended response 43 Response to some hazards may require a more timely response than 48 hours. 44 For the purposes of Annex 1, the criteria for urgent events include serious public health impact and/or unusual or unexpected nature with high potential for spread. 45 This capacity is considered as health facility based. Institutionalized National IPC programme (ToR, trained staff, available in hospitals, budget, activities etc.)

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4.2.1.3 Is a national infection prevention and control policy or operational plan available? 4.2.1.4 Are SOPs, guidelines and protocols for IPC available to hospitals? 4.2.1.5 Do all tertiary hospitals have designated area(s) and defined procedures for the care of patients

requiring specific isolation 46 precautions according to national or international guidelines?

4.2.1.6 Are there qualified IPC professionals in place in all tertiary hospitals? 4.2.1.7 Are defined norms or guidelines developed for protecting health-care workers 47? 4.2.1.8 Have infection control plans been implemented nationwide? 4.2.1.9 Is there surveillance within high risk groups 48 to promptly detect and investigate clusters of

infectious disease patients, as well as unexplained illnesses in health workers?

4.2.1.10 Are infection control measures and the effectiveness regularly evaluated and published? 4.2.1.11 Has a monitoring system for antimicrobial resistance been established? 4.2.1.12a Has a functional monitoring system for antimicrobial resistance been implemented? 4.2.1.12b Are data available on the magnitude and trends of antimicrobial resistance? 4.2.1.13 Has a national programme 49 for protecting health care workers been implemented?

Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ___________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

46 Isolation structure includes: designated area (e.g., single room or ward), adequate number of staff and appropriate equipment for management of infectious risks. 47 from health-care associated infections 48 High risk groups include intensive care unit patients, neonates, immunosuppressed patients, emergency department patients with unusual infections, etc. 49 This would include preventive measures and treatment offered to health care workers; e.g. Influenza or hepatitis vaccine programme for health care workers, PPE. Occupational health and medical surveillance Programs for employees to identify potential "Laboratory Acquired Infections" among staff, or the monitoring of accidents, incidents or injuries (outbreaks caused by LAIs).

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

5 5.1 5.1.1

Preparedness 50 Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response *Multi-hazard National Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan is developed and implemented

5.1.1.1 Has an assessment 51of the capacity of existing national structures and resources to meet IHR core

capacity requirements been conducted? 52

5.1.1.2 Has a national plan

to meet the IHR core capacity requirements been developed?

5.1.1.3 Does the national public health emergency response plan incorporate IHR related hazards and

PoE?

5.1.1.4a Have national public health emergency response plan(s) been implemented/tested in an actual

emergency or simulation exercises?

5.1.1.4b Have national public health emergency response plan(s) been updated as needed? 5.1.1.5 Are procedures, plans or strategies in place to reallocate or mobilize resources from national and

sub-national levels to support action at community /primary response level?

5.1.1.6 Have procedures, plans or strategy been implemented to reallocate or mobilize resources from

national and sub-national levels to support action at community /primary response level?

5.1.1.7 Have procedures, plans or strategy to reallocate or mobilize resources from national and sub-

national levels to support action at community /primary response level been reviewed and updated as needed? available?

5.1.1.8 Is surge capacity to respond to public health emergencies of national and international concern 5.1.1.9 Has the adequacy of surge capacity to respond to public health emergencies of national and

international concern been tested through an exercise or actual event (e.g. as part of the response plans)? been documented?

5.1.1.10a Have country experiences and findings on emergency response and in mobilizing surge capacity, 5.1.1.10b Have country experiences and findings on emergency response and in mobilizing surge capacity,

been shared with the global community? 5.2 5.2.1

Component Indicator -

Risk and resource management for IHR preparedness *Priority public health risks and resources are mapped and utilized

5.2.1.1 Is a directory or list of experts in health and other sectors to support a response to IHR-related hazards available? 5.2.1.2 Has a national risk assessment 53 to identify potential ‘urgent public health event 54, and the most likely sources of these events been conducted? 5.2.1.3 Have national resources been mapped 55 for IHR relevant hazards and priority risks? 5.2.1.4 Have national profiles on risks and resources been developed?

50 Preparedness for development of public health emergency response capacity including implementation of IHR 51 i.e. mapping of local infrastructure, PoE, health facilities, major equipment and supplies, staff, funding sources, experts, equipment, laboratories, institutions, NGOs to assist with community-level work, and transport. 52 As appropriate for country context (federal vs. central government) 53 Assessment to examine various hazards, disease outbreak patterns, local disease transmission patterns, contaminated food or water sources, etc. 54 "…criteria for urgent events include serious public health impact and/or unusual or unexpected nature with high potential for spread" 55 See footnote 51 above

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5.2.1.5 Is the national risk profile assessed regularly to accommodate emerging threats? 5.2.1.6 Are the national resources for priority risks assessed regularly to accommodate emerging threats? 5.2.1.7 Is a plan for management and distribution of national stockpiles available 56? 5.2.1.8 Are stockpiles (critical stock levels) accessible for responding to priority biological, chemical, radiological events and other emergencies? 5.2.1.9 Does the country contribute to international stockpiles 57?

56 Rotation of stocks, proper storage conditions for various drugs, distribution to pharmacies and hospitals around the country 57 “International stockpiles” include both routine stockpiles and stockpiles in response to a real outbreak.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

6 6.1 6.1.1

Risk Communication Policy and procedures for public communications *Mechanisms for effective risk communication during a public health emergency are established and functioning

NOTE: Before you begin, please review the general instructions on filling the questionnaire. Mark one appropriate value (Yes, No, or Not Known) for each of the question below. ‘Not Known’ value will be statistically equivalent to a ‘No’ value. If a question is not applicable for your country context please indicate this in the comment box below.

6.1.1.1 Have risk communication partners and stakeholders been identified? 6.1.1.2 Has a risk communication plan been developed? 6.1.1.3 Has the risk communication plan been implemented or tested through actual emergency or 58

simulation exercise and updated in the last 12 months?

6.1.1.4 Are policies, SOPs or guidelines developed on the clearance 59 and release of information during a

public health emergency? dissemination 60?

6.1.1.5 Are regularly updated information sources accessible to media and the public for information 6.1.1.6 Are there accessible and relevant IEC (Information, Education and Communications) materials

tailored to the needs of the population 61?

6.1.1.7 In the last three national or international PH emergencies, have populations and partners been

informed of a real or potential risk within 24 hours following confirmation? timeliness, transparency 62 and appropriateness of communications?

6.1.1.8 Has an evaluation of the public health communication been conducted after emergencies, for 6.1.1.9 Have the results of evaluations been used to update risk communication plan? 6.1.1.10 Have results of evaluations of risk communications efforts during a public health emergency

been shared with the global community?

Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL _______________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

58 Plan includes inventory of communication partners, focal points, stakeholders and their capacities in the country 59 Procedures in place for clearance by scientific, technical and communications staff before information is released during public health events 60 This may include website/webpage (national level), community meetings, radio broadcasts nationally as appropriate etc. 61 The views and perceptions of individuals, partners and communities affected by public health emergencies should be systematically taken into account; this includes vulnerable, minority, disadvantaged or other at-risk populations. 62 Transparency here implies openness, communication and accountability, i.e. all information about public health risk is open and freely available.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

7 7.1 7.1.1

Human Resource Capacity Human Resource Capacity *Human resources available to implement IHR Core Capacity requirements

7.1.1.1 Has a unit that is responsible for the development of human resource capacities including for the

IHR been identified?

7.1.1.2 Has a needs assessment been conducted to identify gaps in human resources and training

meet IHR requirements? exist?

7.1.1.3 Does a workforce development or training plan that includes human resource requirements for IHR 7.1.1.4 Is progress for meeting workforce numbers and skills consistent with milestones set in the training

plan?

7.1.1.5 Has a plan or strategy been developed to access field epidemiology training (one year or more) in-

country, regionally or internationally?

7.1.1.6 Has the plan or strategy to access field epidemiology training (one year or more) in-country,

regionally or internationally been implemented?

7.1.1.7Are there specific programs, with allocated budgets, to train workforces for IHR-relevant hazards? Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ______________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

63 Assessment of training needs includes circulating a questionnaire, a consensus of experts, a systematic review or other appropriate measures.

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Core Capacity Component Indicator

8 8.1 8.1.1

Laboratory64 Laboratory diagnostic and confirmation capacity *Laboratory services available to test for priority health threats

8.1.1.1 Is there a policy to ensure the quality of laboratory diagnostic capacities (e.g. licensing,

accreditation, etc.)?

8.1.1.2 Are national laboratory quality standards/guidelines available? 8.1.1.3 Does your country have access to networks of international laboratories to meet diagnostic and

confirmatory laboratory requirements, and support outbreak investigations for events specified in Annex 2 of IHR?

8.1.1.4 Is there national laboratory capacity to meet diagnostic and confirmatory laboratory requirements

for priority diseases? available?

8.1.1.5a Is an up to date inventory of public and private laboratories 65 with relevant diagnostic capacity 8.1.1.5b Is the inventory of public and private laboratories accessible? 8.1.1.6 Do national reference laboratories participate successfully 66 in External Quality Assessment

schemes for major public health disciplines 67 for diagnostic laboratories?

8.1.1.7 Are more than 10 non-AFP (Acute Flaccid Paralysis) hazardous specimens per year referred to

national reference laboratories for examination?

8.1.1.8 Are all national reference laboratories accredited to international standards 68 or to national

standards adapted from international standards? and transport of clinical specimens?

8.1.1.9 Are national regulations compatible with international guidelines implemented, for the packaging 8.1.1.10 Is there a functional 69 system for collection, packaging and transport of clinical specimens? 8.1.1.11 Have sample collection and transportation kits been pre-positioned at appropriate levels for

immediate mobilization during a PH event?

8.1.1.12 Has staff at national or relevant levels been trained for the safe shipment of infectious substances

according to international standards (ICAO/IATA)? event consistently meet ICAO/IATA standards?

8.1.1.13 Do the processes for shipment of infectious substances when investigating an urgent public health 8.1.1.14 Can clinical specimens from investigation of urgent public health events be delivered for testing

to appropriate national or international reference laboratories within the appropriate timeframe 70 of collection? laboratory as part of an investigation or exercise?

8.1.1.15 Have at least 10 hazardous specimen per year been shipped internationally to a collaborating

64 Annex 1 Para 6 (b) Public health response to provide support through specialized staff, laboratory analysis of samples (domestically or through collaborating centres) and logistical assistance (e.g. equipment, supplies and transport) 65 with their corresponding capacities 66 "Successfully" means to meet relevant standards as defined by the EQA organizer. 67 E.g. virology, microbiology, immunology etc. 68 International standards: ISO 9001, ISO 17025, ISO 15189, WHO polio, measles, etc. 69 Proper samples collected and stored in good conditions, and sent to appropriate laboratories in a timely manner. 70 In accordance with national or international standards.

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Component Indicator -

8.2 8.2.1

Laboratory biosafety and biosecurity *Laboratory biosafety and laboratory biosecurity management71) practices in place and implemented (Biorisk

8.2.1.1 Are biosafety guidelines accessible to laboratories?

8.2.1.2 Are regulations, policies or strategies 72 for laboratory biosafety available? 8.2.1.3 Has a responsible entity 73 been designated for laboratory biosafety and laboratory biosecurity? 8.2.1.4 Are relevant staff trained in laboratory biosafety and laboratory biosecurity guidelines? 8.2.1.5 Has an institution or person 74 responsible for inspection, (could include certification of biosafety equipment) of laboratories for compliance with biosafety requirements been identified? 8.2.1.6 Has a biorisk 75 assessment been conducted in laboratories to guide and update biosafety regulations, procedures and practice, including for decontamination and management of infectious waste? Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL _______________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

71 Management of biorisks in, or associated with the laboratory. 72 This includes local policies or regulations to protect laboratory workers (e.g. immunization, emergency antiviral therapy, specific measures for pregnant women, etc.) and strategies/guidance for the management and disposal of hazardous substances. 73 This could be an expert group, committee, or institution. 74 With allocated resources, SOPs etc. 75 “Biorisks” are risks posed by the handling, manipulation, storage, and disposal of infectious substance.

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Core Capability Component Indicator

9 9.1 9.1.1

Points of Entry (PoE) General obligations required at Points of Entry (PoE)76 *General obligations at PoE are fulfilled (including for coordination and communication)

9.1.1.1 Have priority conditions

for surveillance at designated PoE been identified?

9.1.1.2 Has surveillance information at designated PoE been shared with the surveillance department/unit? 9.1.1.3 Has a review meeting (or other appropriate method) to designate PoE been held? 9.1.1.4 Have ports/airports/ground crossings been designated for development of capacities as specified in

Annex 1 of the IHR?

9.1.1.5 Please indicate the number of Designated PoE (n/a if not applicable) Ports_______ Airports________ Ground Crossings_________ 78 79 9.1.1.6 Please indicate the number of designated PoE that ‘Competent authority , been identified

Ports_______ Airports________ Ground Crossings_________

Please send an updated list of the names of designated Points of Entry (Ports, airports and ground crossing as applicable) and designated PoE for which ‘Competent authority’ been identified, via email to ihrpag@who.int or fax to +41227914667. 80 9.1.1.7 Has a list of ports authorized to offer ship sanitation certificates been sent to WHO (as specified

in Article 20, No.3) if applicable?

If no, please send a list of authorized ports and include the ISO, LOCODE, SSCC, SSCEC and Extension for each designated PoE via email to ihrpag@who.int or fax to+41227914667. -

9.1.1.8 Have relevant legislation, regulations, administrative acts, protocols, procedures and/or other 9.1.1.9 Have updated IHR health documents 81 been implemented at designated PoE(s)? 9.1.1.10 Have designated PoE been assessed 82 ?

government instruments to facilitate IHR implementation at designated PoE been updated as needed?

9.1.1.11 Please indicate the number of designated PoE that have been assessed (please refer to Question 9.1.1.5 above for the number of designated PoEs in your country. The number of PoEs assessed should not be greater than the number of designated PoEs) Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.1.1.12 Please indicate the number of designated PoE with joint designation between countries for core

capacity development

Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

Please send an updated list of the names of designated PoEs that have been assessed and PoEs with joint designation between countries for core capacity development, via email to ihrpag@who.int or fax to +41227911388.

76 Please indicate the number of designated airports, ports and ground crossings in the comment box. 77 As defined by countries. 78 Please include Name, type of PoE (e.g. port, airport etc.), competent authority, address, phone, email, fax, Date and list of designated PoE, Date and number of designated PoE assessed and WHO certification (names of PoE) 79 And as specified in Article 19B (and whose functions are specified in Article 22 No.1) of the IHR (2005.) 80 Please include the LOCODE, SSCC, SSCEC and Extension for each designated PoE and attach a list of authorized ports. 81 International certificate of vaccination or prophylaxis, the Ship Sanitation Control Certificate, the Maritime declaration of Health, and the health part of the Aircraft General Declaration. 82 e.g. with PoE core capacities assessment tool and excel spread sheet http://www.who.int/ihr/ports_airports/PoE/en/index.html

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9.1.1.13 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type), that have communications procedures

established as required by the IHR in Annex 1 83

Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.1.1.14 Are mechanisms for the exchange of information between designated PoE and medical facilities

in place?

9.1.1.15a Are procedures in place for coordination and communication between the IHR NFP and the PoE

competent authority and with relevant sectors and levels?

9.1.1.15b Have procedures for coordination and communication between the IHR NFP and the PoE

competent authority and with relevant sectors and levels been tested? other countries’ PoE competent authorities been tested?

9.1.1.16a Have procedures for communication internationally between the PoE competent authority and 9.1.1.16b Have procedures for communication internationally between the PoE competent authority and

other countries’ PoE competent authorities been updated as needed?

9.1.1.17 Have bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements concerning prevention or control of

international transmission of disease at designated PoE been established? 9.2 9.2.1

Component Indicator

Core Capacities required at all times * Routine capacities and effective surveillance 84 are established85 at PoE

9.2.1.1 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have access to appropriate medical

services including diagnostic facilities for the prompt assessment and care of ill travellers and with adequate staff, equipment and premises (Annex 1b, 1a) Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.2.1.2 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that can provide access to equipment and

personnel for the transport of ill travellers to an appropriate medical facility

Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.2.1.3 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have an inspection program to ensure

safe environment at facilities 86 is functioning

Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.2.1.4 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have a functioning programme for

the surveillance and control of vectors and reservoirs in and near Points of Entry Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.2.1.5 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have trained personnel for the

inspection of conveyances

Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

83 National communication link between competent authorities at points of entry and health authorities at local, intermediate and national levels, Direct operational link with other senior health officials, Communication link with conveyance operators, Communication link with travellers for health related information, Communication link with service providers, Communication mechanism for the dissemination of information and recommendations received from WHO, International communication link with competent authorities at other points of entry 84 This could be part of the national surveillance system, or as assigned by the country. 85 This is part of the national surveillance system, or as assigned by the country 86 Including potable water supplies, eating establishments, flight catering facilities, public washrooms, appropriate solid and liquid waste disposal services and other potential risk are, as appropriate

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9.2.1.6a Has a review of surveillance of health threats at designated PoE been carried out in the last 12

months?

9.2.1.6b Have results from review of surveillance of health threats at designated PoE been published ? Core Capacities for Response Responding to public health emergencies at PoE *Effective response at PoE is established

Component Indicator -

9.3 9.3.1

9.3.1.1 Are SOPs for response at designated PoE available? 9.3.1.2 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that has an established and maintained public health emergency contingency plan to provide public health emergency response including a coordinator and contact points for relevant points of entry, public health and other agencies and services Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.3 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have public health emergency contingency plans tested and updated as needed Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.4 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have appropriate space, separate from other travellers, to interview suspect or affected persons (Annex 1B, 2c) Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.5 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that can provide medical assessment or quarantine of suspect travellers, and care for affected travellers or animals 88(Annex 1B, 2b and 2d) Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.6 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that can apply entry or exit controls for arriving and departing travellers and other recommended public health measures 89 Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.7 Please indicate the number of designated PoE (by type) that have access to specially designated equipment, and to trained personnel (with appropriate personal protection), for the transfer of travellers who may carry infection or contamination available at designated PoE Ports_______ Airports_______ Ground Crossings_________

9.3.1.8a Has the effectiveness of response to PH events at PoE been evaluated? 9.3.1.8b Are results of the evaluation of effectiveness of response to PH events at PoE published? Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL __________________________ Please insert comments or list any activities that the country has conducted at designated Points of Entry, and that are not reflected in this questionnaire.

87 “Published” here means available in a public domain with URL or reference. 88 By establishing arrangements with local medical and veterinary facilities for their isolation, treatment and other support services that may be required. 89 Include entry or exit controls for arriving and departing travellers, and measures to disinsect, derat, disinfect, decontaminate or otherwise treat baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods or postal parcels including, when appropriate, at locations specifically designated and equipped for this purpose.

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Kindly mention the assessment of any designated PoE and the tools used to conduct the assessment:

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Core Capability Component Indicator

10 10.1 10.1.1

Zoonotic Events Capacity to detect and respond to zoonotic events of national or international concern *Mechanisms for detecting and responding to zoonoses and potential zoonoses are established and functional

10.1.1.1 Does coordination exist within the responsible government authority (ies) for the detection of and

response 90 to zoonotic events?

10.1.1.2 Is there a national policy, strategy or plan in place for the surveillance and response to zoonotic

events?

10.1.1.3 Have focal points responsible for animal health (including wildlife) been designated for

coordination 91 with the MoH and/or IHR NFP 92?

10.1.1.4 Have functional mechanisms 93 for intersectoral collaborations that include animal and human

health surveillance units and laboratories been established?

10.1.1.5 Is a list of priority zoonotic diseases with case definitions available? 10.1.1.6 Is there systematic and timely collection and collation of zoonotic disease data? 10.1.1.7 Is there timely 94 and systematic information exchange between animal surveillance units,

laboratories, human health surveillance units and other relevant sectors regarding potential zoonotic risks and urgent zoonotic events?

10.1.1.8 Does the country have access to laboratory capacity, nationally or internationally (through

established procedures) to confirm priority zoonotic events?

10.1.1.9 Is zoonotic disease surveillance implemented that includes a community component? 10.1.1.10 Is there a regularly updated roster (list) of experts that can respond to zoonotic events? 10.1.1.11 Has a mechanism been established for response to outbreaks of zoonotic diseases by human and

animal health sectors?

10.1.1.12 Is there timely 95 (as defined by national standards) response to more than 80% of zoonotic

events of potential national and international concern?

If no, what percentage of zoonotic events of potential national and international concern is responded to in a timely manner? _________ -

10.1.1.13 In the last 12 months, have country experiences 96 and findings related to zoonotic risks and

events of potential national and international concern been shared with the global community?

90 Note that coordination for surveillance and coordination for response may be the responsibility of different authorities. 91 Note that this cross references with coordination (core capacity 2).and this component should also be fully addressed under that core capacity 92 This coordination will include information sharing, meetings, SOPs developed for collaborative response, etc. 93 This involves a joint working group or other mechanism between the animal health and human health surveillance systems and all other relevant sectors meeting regularly, with joint risk assessments, risk communications, planning, monitoring and documented procedures. 94 Timeliness is judged and determined by each country. 95 “Timely” here refers to the time between detection and response. 96 This could include information products, standards, best practices, innovative tools, etc.

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Core Capability Component Indicator

11 11.1 11.1.1

Food Safety Capacity to detect and respond to food safety events that may constitute a public health emergency of national or international concern *Mechanisms are established and functioning for detecting and responding to foodborne disease and food contamination

11.1.1.1 Are national or international food safety standards available ? 11.1.1.2 Are there national food laws, regulations or policies in place to facilitate food safety control? 11.1.1.3a Are national food laws, regulations or policies up to date 99? 11.1.1.3b Are national food laws, regulations or policies implemented? 11.1.1.4 Has a coordination mechanism been established between the food safety authorities, e.g. the 98

INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point (if member) and the IHR NFP? events?

11.1.1.5 Are there functional mechanisms 100 in place for multisectoral collaborations for food safety -

11.1.1.6 Is your country an active 101 member of the INFOSAN 102 network? 11.1.1.7 Is a list of priority food safety risks available? 11.1.1.8 Are guidelines or manuals on the surveillance, assessment and management of priority food

safety events available?

11.1.1.9 Have the guidelines or manuals on the surveillance, assessment and management of priority

food safety events been implemented?

11.1.1.10 Have surveillance, assessment and management of priority food safety events been evaluated

and relevant procedures updated as needed?

11.1.1.11 Is epidemiological data related to food contamination systematically collected and analysed? 11.1.1.12 Are there risk-based food inspection services in place? 11.1.1.13 Does the country have access to laboratory capacity (through established procedures) to confirm

priority food safety events of national or international concern including molecular techniques? 103

11.1.1.14 Is there timely

and systematic information exchange between food safety authorities, surveillance units and other relevant sectors regarding food safety events?

11.1.1.15 Is there a roster of food safety experts for the assessment and response to food safety events? 11.1.1.16 Have operational plan(s) for responding 104 to food safety events been implemented? 11.1.1.17a Have operational plan(s) for responding to food safety events been tested in an actual

emergency or simulation exercise?

11.1.1.17b Have operational plan(s) for responding to food safety events been updated as needed? 11.1.1.18 Have mechanisms been established to trace, recall and dispose of contaminated products 105

97 These could be based on international standards (e.g. Codex Alimentarius or ISO standards) 98 A national food safety control system includes: food law and regulations, food control management, inspection services, laboratory services, food monitoring, epidemiological data, information, education, communication and training. 99 As defined by countries 100 A network, task force, committee or other mechanism to share information about events that may affect food safety and which is able to operate in a timely manner and effectively reduce the risk of foodborne illness. 101 “Active” means regularly accessing website, sharing information during a crisis situation, sharing with INFOSAN information from the country. 102 The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN) is a global network of 177 national food safety authorities, developed and managed by WHO in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), which disseminates important global food safety information and improves national and international collaboration. 103 Timeliness is judged and determined by each country. 104 Example of essential steps in food event response system after an alert include investigation, risk assessment, risk management, risk communication, effectiveness checks and recall follow up. 105 This would include all products that could be the source of contamination, e.g. feed, food ingredients and food products.

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11.1.1.19 Are there communication mechanisms and materials in place to deliver information, education

and advice to stakeholders across the farm-to-fork continuum?

11.1.1.20 Have food safety control management systems (including for imported food) been implemented? 11.1.1.21 Has information from foodborne outbreaks and food contamination been used to strengthen

food management systems, safety standards and regulations?

11.1.1.22 Has an analysis been published 106 of food safety events, foodborne illness trends and outbreaks

which integrate data from across the food chain?

Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL_________________________________

106 “ Published” here means available in a public domain with a reference or URL.

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Core Capability Component Indicator

12 12.1 12.1.1

Chemical Events Capacity to detect and respond to chemical events of national and international public health concern *Mechanisms are established and functioning for detection, alert and response to chemical emergencies that may constitute a public health event of international concern

12.1.1.1 Have experts 107 been identified for public health assessment and response to chemical incidents? 12.1.1.2 Are national policies or plans in place for chemical event surveillance, alert 108 and response? 12.1.1.3 Do national authorities responsible for chemical events have a designated focal point for coordination 109 and communication with the ministry of health and/or the IHR National Focal Point? 12.1.1.4 Do coordination 110 mechanisms with relevant sectors exist for surveillance and timely response to chemical events? 12.1.1.5 Have functional coordination mechanisms with relevant sectors been implemented for surveillance and timely response to chemical events? 12.1.1.6 Is surveillance in place for chemical events, intoxication or poisonings? 12.1.1.7 Has a list of priority chemical events/syndromes that may constitute a potential public health event of national and international concern been identified? 12.1.1.8 Is there an inventory of major hazard sites and facilities that could be a source of chemical public health emergencies (e.g. chemical installation and toxic waste sites)? 12.1.1.9 Has a national chemical profile 111 been developed? 12.1.1.10a Are there manuals and SOPs for rapid assessment, case management and control of chemical

events?

12.1.1.10b Have manuals and SOPs for rapid assessment, case management and control of chemical events

been disseminated?

12.1.1.11 Is there timely and systematic information exchange between appropriate chemical units 112, surveillance units and other relevant sectors about urgent chemical events and potential chemical risks? 12.1.1.12 Is there an emergency response plan that defines the roles and responsibilities of relevant agencies in place for chemical emergencies? 12.1.1.13 Has laboratory capacity or access to laboratory capacity been established to confirm priority chemical events? 12.1.1.14a Has a chemical event response plan been tested through occurrence of real event or through a

simulation exercise?

12.1.1.14b Has a chemical event response plan been updated as needed?

12.1.1.15 Is there (are there) an adequately resourced Poison Centre(s) in place 113? 12.1.1.16 Have country experiences and findings regarding chemical events and risks of national and international concern been shared with the global community?

107 “Experts” include chemical risk assessors, risk managers and clinical toxicologists. 108 Elements of alert include SOPs for coverage, criteria of when and how to alert, duty rosters, etc. 109 Note that this cross references with coordination (core capacity 2).and this component should also be fully addressed under that core capacity. 110 Note that this cross-references with legislation, policy and financing (core capacities 1 and 2) and these attributes for this component should be also fully addressed under those core capacities. They are under this hazard for coherence, flow, and triangulation where this is administered to the hazard expert. 111 Definition and relevant information of National Chemical Profile, are available at http://www2.unitar.org/cwm/nphomepage/index.html 112 e.g. chemical surveillance, environmental monitoring and chemical incident reporting. 113 e.g. clinical toxicology, 7/24 hotline, material data sheet, safety data sheet and contact details of chemical manufacturers.

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Core Capability Component Indicator

13 13.1 13.1.1

Radiation Emergencies Capacity to detect and respond to radiological and nuclear emergencies that may constitute a public health event of national or international concern *Mechanisms are established and functioning for detecting and responding to radiological and nuclear emergencies that may constitute a public health event of international concern

13.1.1.1 Have experts been identified for public health assessment and response to radiological and

nuclear events?

13.1.1.2 Have national policies, strategies or plans been established for the detection, assessment and

response to radiation emergencies?

13.1.1.3 Have national policies, strategies or plans been implemented for the detection, assessment and

response to radiation emergencies?

13.1.1.4 Have national policies, strategies or plans been established for national and international transport

of radioactive material, samples and waste management, including those from hospitals and medical services? 114

13.1.1.5 Is there a functional coordination

and communication mechanism 115 between relevant national competent authorities responsible for nuclear regulatory control/safety, and relevant sectors 116? for coordination and communication with the ministry of health and/or IHR NFP?

13.1.1.6 Have national authorities responsible for radiological and nuclear events designated a focal point 13.1.1.7 Does radiation monitoring exist for radiation emergencies that may constitute a public health

event of international concern?

13.1.1.8 Is there systematic information exchange between radiological competent authorities and human

health surveillance units about urgent radiological events and potential risks that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern?

13.1.1.9a Have technical guidelines or SOPs been developed for the management of radiation emergencies

(including risk assessment, reporting, event confirmation and notification, and investigation)?

13.1.1.9b Have technical guidelines or SOPs for the management of radiation emergencies (including risk

assessment, reporting, event confirmation and notification, and investigation) been evaluated and updated? 117

13.1.1.10 Is there a radiation emergency response plan

13.1.1.11 Have radiation emergency response drills been carried out regularly, including the requesting of

international assistance (as needed) and international notification? capacity to manage patients of radiation emergencies?

13.1.1.12 Is there a mechanism in place to access 118 health facilities (inside or outside the country) with 13.1.1.13 Does the country have access (nationally or internationally) to laboratory capacity to detect and

confirm the presence of radiation and identify its type (alpha, beta, or gamma) for potential radiation hazards? able to perform bioassays 120, biological dosimetry by cytogenetic analysis and ESR 121?

13.1.1.14 Are there collaborative mechanisms in place for access 119 to specialized laboratories that are

114 This cross-references with core capacities 1 and 2.and these attributes for this component should be also fully addressed under those core capacities. They are under this hazard for coherence, flow, and triangulation where this is administered to the hazard expert. 115 Information sharing, meetings, SOPs developed for collaborative response etc. 116 Coordination for risk assessments, risk communications, planning, exercising, monitoring and including coordination during urgent radiological events and potential risks that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern 117 This could be part of national emergency response plan 118 Could also be via agreements, established arrangements or mechanisms to access these capacities in relevant collaborating institutions. 119 To monitor the amount of incorporated radioactivity in human body by the use of whole-body, lung or thyroid monitors, or in biological samples.

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13.1.1.15 Have collaborative mechanisms for access to specialized laboratories that are able to perform

bioassays, biological dosimetry by cytogenetic analysis and ESR been evaluated? 122

13.1.1.16 Have country experiences

with the detection and response to radiological risks and events been documented and shared with the global community? Please provide the URL link(s) to any relevant documentation: Link/URL ______________________________ Please insert any comments or clarifications to the questions above and list any relevant activities that the country has conducted which are not reflected in this questionnaire (additional pages may be attached if necessary):

120 See footnote 113. 121 ESR (electron-spin resonance technique) allows the measurement of a dose of radiation absorbed in human body by measuring signals from tooth enamel, nails, hair, or other material samples e.g. clothing, mobile phones, etc. 122 This could include publications, information products, standards, best practices, innovative tools, etc.

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‫‪WHO/WHE/CPI/2017.41‬‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮاﺋﺢ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ )‪(2005‬‬

‫إ ﻃﺎر ر ﺻﺪ اﻟ ﻘﺪرات اﻷﺳﺎ ﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔ ﻴﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻮاﺋﺢ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ا ﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎن ﻟﺮ ﺻﺪ اﻟﺘ ﻘﺪم اﻟﻤ ﺤﺮز ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـﺬ‬ ‫ـﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـ‬ ‫ـﺪرات اﻷﺳﺎﺳـ‬ ‫ـﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﻘـ‬ ‫ﺗﻄـ‬ ‫اﻟ ﻠﻮاﺋﺢ اﻟ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟ ﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ا ﻟﺪول‬ ‫اﻷﻃﺮاف‬

‫اﺳﺘﺒﯿﺎن ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2017‬‬

‫ات اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗﻳﻘظ واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫صفحة ‪ 1‬من ‪33‬‬

‫© ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ‪2017‬‬

‫ﺨﻴص‬ ‫ي‪ -‬اﻟﺘـر‬ ‫ﺒﻌض اﻟﺤﻘوق ﻤﺤﻔوظﺔ‪ .‬ﻫـذا اﻟﻌﻤـﻝ ﻤﺘـﺎح ﺒﻤﻘﺘﻀـﻰ ﻨﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺼـﻨف ﺒﻤﻘﺘﻀـﻰ رﺨﺼـﺔ اﻟﻤﺸـﺎع اﻹﺒـداﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﻏﻴـر ﺘﺠـﺎر‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺜﻝ ‪ 3.0‬ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ ﺤﻛوﻤﻴﺔ دوﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪(CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/).‬‬ ‫‪U3T‬‬ ‫‪3TU‬‬

‫اض ﻏﻴــر اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻴــﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﺸ ـرﻴطﺔ أن ﻴــﺘم اﻗﺘﺒــﺎس‬ ‫وﺒﻤﻘﺘﻀــﻰ ﻫــذﻩ اﻟرﺨﺼــﺔ ﻴﻤﻛــﻨﻛم أن ﺘﻨﺴــﺨوا اﻟﻌﻤــﻝ وﺘﻌﻴــدوا ﺘوزﻴﻌــﻪ وﺘﻌــدﻟوﻩ ﻟﻸﻏ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺤو اﻟﻤﻼﺌم ﻤﺎ ﻫو ﻤﺒﻴن أدﻨﺎﻩ‪ .‬و‬ ‫ﻻ ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻓﻲ أي اﺴﺘﺨدام ﻟﻬذا اﻟﻌﻤﻝ اﻹﻴﺤﺎء ﺒـﺄن اﻟﻤﻨظﻤـﺔ )‪ (WHO‬ﺘﻌﺘﻤـد أي ﻤﻨظﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫أو ﻤﻨﺘﺞ أو ﺨـدﻤﺎت‪ .‬و‬ ‫واذا ﻗﻤـﺘم ﺒﺘﻌـدﻴﻝ اﻟﻌﻤـﻝ ﻓﻴﺠـب ﻋﻨدﺌـذ أن ﺘﺤﺼـﻠوا ﻋﻠـﻰ رﺨﺼـﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺴـﻤﺢ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﺨدام ﺸـﻌﺎر اﻟﻤﻨظﻤـﺔ )‪ٕ .(WHO‬‬ ‫ﻻُ‬ ‫اﻹﺒداﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎع‬ ‫رﺨﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻛم ﺒﻤﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﻨﻔس‬ ‫واذا ﻗﻤﺘم ﺒﺘرﺠﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻝ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐـﻲ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎدﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫رﺨﺼﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫‪Creative‬‬ ‫‪Commons‬‬ ‫‪licence‬‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫ح‪" :‬ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﺘرﺠﻤــﺔ ﻟﻴﺴــت ﻤــن إﻋــداد ﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ اﻟﺼــﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴــﺔ )اﻟﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ‬ ‫أن ﺘــدرﺠوا ﺒﻴــﺎن إﺨــﻼء اﻟﻤﺴــؤوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘــﺎﻟﻲ ﻤــﻊ اﻻﻗﺘﺒــﺎس اﻟﻤﻘﺘــر‬ ‫ي ﻫــو‬ ‫)‪ .((WHO‬واﻟﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ )‪ (WHO‬ﻏﻴــر ﻤﺴــؤوﻟﺔ ﻋــن ﻤﺤﺘــوى ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﺘرﺠﻤــﺔ أو دﻗﺘﻬــﺎ‪ .‬وﻴﺠــب أن ﻴﻛــون إﺼــدار اﻷﺼــﻝ اﻹﻨﻛﻠﻴــز‬ ‫اﻹﺼدار اﻟﻤﻠزم وذو اﻟﺤﺠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋـﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻨﺸـﺄ ﻓـﻲ إطـﺎر ﻫـذﻩ اﻟرﺨﺼـﺔ وﻓﻘـﺎً ﻟﻘواﻋـد اﻟوﺴـﺎطﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨظﻤـﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﻛﻴـﺔ‬ ‫وﻴﺠب أن ﺘﺘم أﻴﺔ وﺴﺎطﺔ ﻓﻴﻤـﺎ ﻴﺘﻌﻠـق ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎز‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻛرﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺴﺎ ﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴذ اﻟﻠواﺌﺢ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬ا ﺴﺘﺒﻴﺎن ﻟر ﺼد‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺒﺎس اﻟﻤﻘﺘرح‪ .‬اﻟﻠواﺌﺢ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻴﺔ )‪ (2005‬إ طﺎر رﺼد اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اف‪ .‬ﺠﻨﻴف‪ :‬ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴذ اﻟﻠواﺌﺢ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ا ﻟدوﻝ اﻷطر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘدم اﻟﻤﺤرز ﻓﻲ ﺘطوﻴر اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﺒط‬ ‫ج ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟر‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎت ﻤن ﻛﺘﺎﻟوج ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎت ﻛﺘﺎﻟو‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3T‬‬

‫‪ .2017‬اﻟرﺨﺼﺔ ‪.CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO‬‬

‫‪.http://apps.who.int/iris/‬‬ ‫‪T‬‬ ‫‪3T‬‬

‫اﺒط ‪ . http://apps.who.int/bookorders‬وﻟﺘﻘــدﻴم‬ ‫اء ﻤطﺒوﻋــﺎت اﻟﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ )‪ (WHO‬اﻨظــر اﻟ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻌــﺎت واﻟﺤﻘــوق واﻟﺘــرﺨﻴص‪ .‬ﻟﺸ ـر‬ ‫ات اﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻘوق واﻟﺘرﺨﻴص اﻨظر اﻟر‬ ‫ي واﻻﺴﺘﻔﺴﺎر‬ ‫طﻠﺒﺎت اﻻﺴﺘﺨدام اﻟﺘﺠﺎر‬ ‫اﺒط ‪.http://www.who.int/about/licensing‬‬ ‫‪3T‬‬ ‫‪3T‬‬

‫ﻏﺒــون ﻓــﻲ إﻋــﺎدة اﺴــﺘﺨدام ﻤـواد واردة ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذا اﻟﻌﻤــﻝ وﻤﻨﺴــوﺒﺔ إﻟــﻰ طــرف ﺜﺎﻟــث‪ ،‬ﻤﺜــﻝ اﻟﺠــداوﻝ أو‬ ‫ﻤ ـواد اﻟطــرف اﻟﺜﺎﻟــث‪ .‬إذا ﻛﻨــﺘم ﺘر‬ ‫اﻷﺸﻛﺎﻝ أو اﻟﺼور ﻓﺈﻨﻛم ﺘﺘﺤﻤﻠون ﻤﺴؤوﻟﻴﺔ ﺘﺤدﻴد ﻤﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻴﻠزم اﻟﺤﺼـوﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ إذن ﻹﻋـﺎدة اﻻﺴـﺘﺨدام ﻫـذﻩ أم ﻻ‪ ،‬وﻋـن اﻟﺤﺼـوﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻹذن ﻤــن ﺼــﺎﺤب ﺤﻘــوق اﻟﻤؤﻟــف‪ .‬وﻴﺘﺤﻤــﻝ اﻟﻤﺴــﺘﺨدم وﺤــدﻩ أﻴــﺔ ﻤﺨ ـﺎطر ﻟﺤــدوث ﻤطﺎﻟﺒــﺎت ﻨﺘﻴﺠــﺔ اﻨﺘﻬــﺎك أي ﻋﻨﺼــر ﻴﻤﻠﻛــﻪ‬ ‫طرف ﺜﺎﻟث ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ع‪ ،‬وطرﻴﻘﺔ ﻋـرض اﻟﻤـواد اﻟـواردة ﻓﻴـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺘﻌﺒـر ﻀـﻤﻨﺎً ﻋـن أي‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎت إﺨﻼءات ﻤﺴؤوﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‪ .‬اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻤطﺒو‬ ‫ر‬ ‫أي ﻛـﺎن ﻤـن ﺠﺎﻨـب اﻟﻤﻨظﻤـﺔ )‪ (WHO‬ﺒﺸـﺄن اﻟوﻀـﻊ اﻟﻘــﺎﻨوﻨﻲ ﻷي ﺒﻠـد أو أرض أو ﻤدﻴﻨـﺔ أو ﻤﻨطﻘـﺔ أو ﻟﺴـﻠطﺎت أي ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ أو ﺒﺸــﺄن‬ ‫اﺌط ﺨطوطﺎً ﺤدودﻴﺔ ﺘﻘرﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻗد ﻻ ﻴوﺠد ﺒﻌد اﺘﻔﺎق ﻛﺎﻤﻝ ﺒﺸﺄﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺘﺤدﻴد ﺤدودﻫﺎ أو ﺘﺨوﻤﻬﺎ‪ .‬وﺘﺸﻛﻝ اﻟﺨطوط اﻟﻤﻨﻘوطﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨر‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ أن ذﻛر ﺸرﻛﺎت ﻤﺤددة أو ﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت ﺠﻬﺎت ﺼﺎﻨﻌﺔ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ أن ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺸرﻛﺎت واﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت ﻤﻌﺘﻤدة أو ﻤوﺼﻰ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤن ﺠﺎﻨب‬ ‫ﻩ‪ .‬وﻓﻴﻤـﺎ ﻋـدا اﻟﺨطـﺄ واﻟﺴـﻬو‪ ،‬ﺘﻤﻴـز أﺴـﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠـﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨظﻤﺔ )‪ ،(WHO‬ﺘﻔﻀﻴﻼً ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴواﻫﺎ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻤﺎﺜﻠﻬـﺎ ﻓـﻲ اﻟطـﺎﺒﻊ وﻟـم ﻴـرد ذﻛـر‬ ‫ي(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻛﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻷﺤرف اﻻﺴﺘﻬﻼﻟﻴﺔ )ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨص اﻹﻨﻛﻠﻴز‬ ‫ع‪ .‬وﻤــﻊ ذﻟــك ﻓــﺈن اﻟﻤ ـواد‬ ‫وﻗــد اﺘﺨــذت اﻟﻤﻨظﻤــﺔ )‪ (WHO‬ﻛــﻝ اﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎطــﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻘوﻟــﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘــق ﻤــن اﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤــﺎت اﻟ ـواردة ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذا اﻟﻤطﺒــو‬ ‫ئ ﻫـو اﻟﻤﺴـؤوﻝ ﻋـن ﺘﻔﺴـﻴر واﺴـﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ع‪ ،‬ﺴواء أﻛﺎن ﺒﺸﻛﻝ ﺼـرﻴﺢ أم ﺒﺸـﻛﻝ ﻀـﻤﻨﻲ‪ .‬واﻟﻘـﺎر‬ ‫ع دون أي ﻀﻤﺎن ﻤن أي ﻨو‬ ‫ة ﺘُوز‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸور‬ ‫ار اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗد ﺘﺘرﺘب ﻋﻠﻰ اﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤواد‪ .‬واﻟﻤﻨظﻤﺔ )‪ (WHO‬ﻟﻴﺴت ﻤﺴؤوﻟﺔ ﺒﺄي ﺤﺎﻝ ﻋن اﻷﻀر‬

‫اف‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻠدوﻝ اﻷطر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن رﺻد اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ )‪(2005‬‬ ‫ـ)اﻟﻳوم ‪ /‬اﻟﺷﻬر ‪ /‬اﻟﺳﻧﺔ(‬ ‫‪-/‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

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‫اﻟﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬

‫ﻳﺗﻌــﻳن ﻋﻠــﻰ أﻣﺎﻧــﺔ اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﺗﻘــدﻳم ﺗﻘرﻳــر ﺳــﻧوي إﻟــﻰ ﺟﻣﻌﻳــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ ﻳوﺿــﺢ اﻟﺗﻘــدم اﻟــذي‬ ‫اف‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻝ ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ .‬وﻟﻛــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن ﻣﺳــﺎﻋدة‬ ‫أﺣرزﺗﻪ ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟدوﻝ اﻷطر‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ إﻟــﻰ اﻟﺟﻣﻌﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘــد أﻋــدت أﻣﺎﻧــﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﺎﺗﻬــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذا اﻟﺻــدد واﻟﻣﺗﻣﺛﻠــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﺗﻘــدﻳم ﺗﻘﺎرﻳر‬ ‫اف ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻓﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺗز‬ ‫اﻟدوﻝ اﻷطر‬

‫اف ﺗﻘــدﻳم ﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ أداة ﻟﺟﻣــﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧــﺎت‪ ،‬ﻳﻣﻛــن ﻣــن ﺧﻼﻟﻬــﺎ ﻟﻛــﻝ دوﻟــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟــدوﻝ اﻷط ـر‬

‫اﺗﻬﺎ اﻷﺳﺎﺳ ــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻧﻔﻳ ــذاً ﻟﻣ ــﺎ ورد ﻓ ــﻲ اﻟﻠـ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳ ــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣوﺣ ــدة ﺣ ــوﻝ اﻟﺗﻘ ــدم اﻟﻣﺣ ــرز ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣﺟ ــﺎﻝ ﺗط ــوﻳر ﻗ ــدر‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫)‪ .(2005‬وﻳﻣﻛـ ــن ﺗﻘـ ــدﻳم أداة ﺟﻣـ ــﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧـ ــﺎت اﻟﻣﺳـ ــﺗوﻓﺎة إﻟـ ــﻰ ‪ ihrmonitoring@who.int‬ﻋـ ــن طرﻳـ ــق اﻟﺑرﻳـ ــد‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﻛس إﻟﻰ اﻟرﻗم ‪ +41227911399‬و ‪+41227911388‬‬

‫‪IHR Monitoring (WHE/CPI/CME) 20, Appia, 1211 Geneva‬‬ ‫أو ﺒﺈرﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻨﺴﺨﺔ ورﻗﯿــﺔ إﻟــﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪ ..27 Switzerland‬وﻤن ﺸﺄن ﺘﻘد�م ﻫــذا اﻻﺴــﺘﺒ�ﺎن إﺘﺎﺤــﺔ إﻋــداد ﺘﻘر�ــر ﻤﺘﺴــق‪�ُ ،‬ﻘــدم إﻟــﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﯿــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ر اﺧﺗﻳﺎرﻳﺎً ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬ ‫اف ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﺻﻳﻐﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳث‬ ‫ﻳﺷﺗرط اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟدوﻝ اﻷطر‬ ‫ﻌد أﻨــﻪ ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳـر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﻬﺎ أﻣ اً‬ ‫ﻏﯿـُ‬ ‫ﻳﺗﻌﻳن اﺳﺗﻳﻔﺎء ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﻳب‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ اﻟطرف‬ ‫اﺳم ﻣﺳؤوﻝ اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟﻣﺧﺗص ﺑﻬذا‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘرﻳر وﻟﻘﺑﻪ اﻟوظﻳﻔﻲ‬ ‫رﻗم اﻟﻬﺎﺗف‬ ‫ﻋﻧوان اﻟﺑرﻳد اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‬

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‫ات ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن إﻟــﻰ ﻓرﻳــق رﺻــد اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ) ‪IHR Monitoring‬‬ ‫ﺗوﺟــﻪ اﻻﺳﺗﻔﺳــﺎر‬ ‫‪ (Team‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻧوان اﻟﺑرﻳد اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‪ihrmonitoring@who.int :‬‬

‫اف‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء ﺗوﺿﻳﺢ اﻟﻣﺟــﺎﻻت اﻟﺛﻼﺛــﺔ اﻷوﻟــﻰ ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳــﺔ اﻟﻘﺻــوى اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺣﺗــﺎج إﻟــﻰ ﺗﻌزﻳــز‪ .‬وﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠــدوﻝ اﻷطـر‬ ‫اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺣﺻــﻠت ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗﻣدﻳــد ﻟﻣــدة ﺳــﻧﺗﻳن‪ ،‬ﻳرﺟــﻰ اﻹﺑــﻼغ أﻳﺿــﺎ ﻋــن اﻟﺗﻘــدم اﻟﻣﺣــرز ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ ﺧطــط اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ‬ ‫ات‪.‬‬ ‫اﻝ ﺗوﺟد ﺑﻬﺎ ﺛﻐر‬ ‫از اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﻲ ﻣﺎز‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻘدﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ طﻠب اﻟﺗﻣدﻳد‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ إﺑر‬

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‫صفحة ‪ 2‬من ‪33‬‬

‫إرﺷﺎدات ﺣوﻝ ﻛﻳﻔﻳﺔ اﺳﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‬ ‫رﻛ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ــﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻳ ــﺔ‬ ‫ـﻣﻣﺔ ﺑﺷ ــﻛﻝ أﺳﺎﺳ ــﻲ ﻛ ــﻲ ﺗﺳ ــﺗﺧدم ﻣ ــن ﻗﺑ ــﻝ ﻣ ا‬ ‫ﻫ ــذﻩ اﻷداة اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﺟﻣ ــﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧ ــﺎت ﻣﺻ ـ ّ‬ ‫ى‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳـ ــﺔ ﺑـ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻـ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻌـ ــﺎون ﻣـ ــﻊ ﻣﻬﻧﻳـ ــﻲ اﻟﺻـ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣـ ــدﻳرﻳن‪ ،‬واﻟﻘطﺎﻋـ ــﺎت اﻷﺧـ ــر‬ ‫وأﺻــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﻳن اﻟﻣﺳــؤوﻟﻳن ﻋــن ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ .‬وﻗــد ﻳﺳــﺗﻠزم اﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن ﺗﺿــﻣﻳن‬ ‫ى ﻣﺛــﻝ ﻗطﺎﻋــﺎت اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳطرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳــﺔ واﻟﻣﺎﺋﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣــدﺧﻼت ﻣــن ﻣﻬﻧﻳــﻳن وﻣﻣﺛﻠــﻳن ﻣــن ﻗطﺎﻋــﺎت أﺧــر‬ ‫اﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﺔ‬ ‫وﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛذﻟك ﻣن اﻟدواﺋر اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻧووﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ .‬وﻳﺗﻌﻳن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣر‬ ‫اء‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻء اﻟﺧﺑر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻧد ﻗﻳﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﺟﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﺗﺷﺎور ﻣﻊ ﻫؤ‬ ‫ع ﻓﻳﻬــﺎ اﻻﺳ ــﺗﺑﻳﺎن ﺑﺷ ــﻛﻝ ﻣﺳ ــﺑق ﻋﻠ ــﻰ‬ ‫وﻳﻣﻛ ــن إﻧﺟ ــﺎز ﻋﻣﻠﻳ ــﺔ ﺟﻣ ــﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧ ــﺎت ﻋــن طرﻳ ــق ﻋﻘ ــد ﺣﻠﻘــﺔ ﻋﻣﻠﻳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳ ــوز‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺧﺑر‬ ‫ى‪ ،‬ﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺗﺿﻲ اﻷﻣر‪ ،‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟظروف اﻟﻘطر اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫اء ذوي اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻣن ﺧﻼﻝ وﺳﺎﺋﻝ أﺧر‬ ‫ار‬ ‫اف‪ .‬وﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ إﻗـر‬ ‫وﺑوﺳﻊ ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺗﻘــدﻳم اﻟﻣﺳــﺎﻋدة اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟــدى ﺗﻠﻘﻳﻬــﺎ طﻠﺑــﺎ ﺑــذﻟك ﻣــن اﻟــدوﻝ اﻷطـر‬ ‫أداة ﺟﻣــﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧــﺎت اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻓﺎة‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻧﺣــو اﻟﻣطﻠــوب‪ ،‬ﻣــن ﻗﺑــﻝ ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫وارﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻋﻧوان اﻟﺑرﻳد اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫واﻟ ــﻰ‬ ‫ـﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣ‬ ‫ـﺣﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻟﻣﻧظ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﻳ‬ ‫ـب‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛ‬ ‫ـﻰ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻣﻧ‬ ‫ـﺦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫إر‬ ‫ـﻊ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ihrmonitoring@who.int‬‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺗب اﻟﻘطرﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ وﺟودﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ اﻟﺛﻣﺎﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺳــم ﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫وﻳﻧﻘﺳــم اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن إﻟــﻰ ﺛﻼﺛــﺔ ﻋﺷــر ﻗﺳــﻣﺎً‪ ،‬ﻗﺳــم ﻟﻛــﻝ واﺣــدة ﻣــن اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣوﺟودة ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫وأرﺑﻌﺔ أﻗﺳﺎم ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر‪ .‬وﺗﺻﻧف اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﻔردﻳﺔ وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻌﻧﺎﺻر واﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫اﺟﻬــﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻏــب ﻓــﻲ إدر‬ ‫وﺗﻔﺳر اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﻔردﻳﺔ ﻧﻔﺳــﻬﺎ ﺑﻧﻔﺳــﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻳﻣﻛــن إﺿــﺎﻓﺔ أي ﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت أو ﺗﻌﻘﻳﺑــﺎت إﺿــﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﻗــد ﺗر‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻛﻝ ﻗﺳم ﻣــن ﻫــذﻩ اﻷﻗﺳـﺎم‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣرﺑــﻊ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت‪ .‬ﻛﻣــﺎ ﻳﻣﻛــن إرﻓــﺎق ﺻــﻔﺣﺎت إﺿــﺎﻓﻳﺔ‬ ‫أﻳﺿﺎً إذا ﻣﺎ اﻗﺗﺿﻰ اﻷﻣر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫وﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻛﻝ ﺳؤاﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﻘط ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ اﻟداﻟــﺔ ﻋﻠﻳــﻪ )ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف(‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ‪ .‬وﺳوف ﻳﺗم‪ ،‬ﻷﻏر‬ ‫اض إﺣﺻﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﺳﺎب ﻗﻳﻣﺔ "ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف" ﺑﻘﻳﻣﺔ ﻣﺳﺎوﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪.‬‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم )ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻘﺳــم اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫ذﻟك ﻓﻲ اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻛﻝ ﻗﺳم‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺑﻳﺎن ﺳﺑب ﻋدم اﻧطﺑﺎﻗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺔ أن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﻣزدوﺟــﺔ )اﻟﻣﺣــددة ﺑ ـ "أ" و"ب"‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺗـواﻟﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذا اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن ﻫــﻲ أﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻓر‬ ‫ﻋﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﺑط ﺑﺑﻌﺿﻬﺎ اﻟﺑﻌض‪ .‬ﻏﻳر أن اﻹﺟﺎﺑــﺔ ﺑ ـ "ﻻ" ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳـؤاﻝ اﻷوﻝ ﻻ ﺗﺟﻌــﻝ اﻟﺳـؤاﻝ اﻟﺛــﺎﻧﻲ ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻧطﺑــق‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﻌﻧــﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳؤاﻝ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺣﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫أن "ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق" ﻏﻳر ﻣدر‬ ‫وﻗد ﺗﻐطﻲ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﺟواﻧب ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ ﻣﺗﻌددة‪ ،‬وﻣن اﻟﻣﻬم اﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻋﻧد اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ "ﺑــﻧﻌم"‪ ،‬أن ذﻟــك‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻧــﻲ "ﻧﻌــم" ﻟﻛــﻝ ﺗﻠــك اﻟﺟواﻧــب‪ .‬وﻟﻛــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن اﻹﺟﺎﺑــﺔ "ﺑــﻧﻌم"‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺳـؤاﻝ ﻣــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺗﻌــﻳن اﻷﺧــذ ﻓــﻲ اﻻﻋﺗﺑــﺎر ﻛــﻝ ﻣــن‬ ‫اء )ﺑﻣﻌﻧـ ــﻰ أن اﻟﻣﺣﺗـ ــوى ذو ﺻـ ــﻠﺔ ﻣﺑﺎﺷ ـ ـر‬ ‫ة ﺑﺎﻟﻣؤﺷـ ــر‪ ،‬واﻟﻌﻧﺻـ ــر‬ ‫اء( وﺟـ ــودة اﻹﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟوﺟـ ــود )ﺑﻣﻌﻧـ ــﻰ ﺗ ـ ـواﻓر اﻹﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫اج‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬وأن ﻛﻠﻳﻬﻣﺎ ﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻛون ﻣوﺟوداً ﻛﻲ ﻳؤﻫﻝ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑــﺔ "ﺑــﻧﻌم"‪ .‬وﻳﻣﻛــن إدر‬ ‫اء اﻟﻣــؤدى ﺑﺷــﻛﻝ ﺟزﺋــﻲ‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ ﻣرﺑــﻊ اﻟﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر أﻧــﻪ ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ اﻹﺟﺎﺑــﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣزﻳــد ﻣــن اﻟﺗﻌﻘﻳﺑـﺎت ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻹﺟـر‬ ‫ءاً ﻣﻧﻪ ﻏﻳر ﻣوﺟود‪.‬‬ ‫اء ﻛﻠﻪ أو ﺟز‬ ‫"ﺑﻼ" ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟك‪ .‬وﻟﻬذا‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ "ﺑﻼ" ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳؤاﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻧﻲ أن اﻹﺟر‬ ‫رﺑــط‪ ،‬أو ﻧﺳــﺧﺔ ورﻗﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠوﺛــﺎﺋق اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻘواﻧﻳن‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳ ـﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬إن أﻣﻛــﻧﻛم‪ ،‬ﺗــوﻓﻳر ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫اﻓﺊ اﻟرﺳﻣﻳﺔ )ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﺗوﺣﻳــد اﻟﻣﻘــﺎﻳﻳس‪ ،‬وﻣدوﻧــﺔ اﻷﻣــم اﻟﻣﺗﺣــدة ﻟﻣواﻗــﻊ اﻟﺗﺟــﺎر‬ ‫وﺳﻠطﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣر‬ ‫اﻗﺑ ــﺔ إﺻ ــﺣﺎح اﻟﺳ ــﻔن‪ ،‬وﺷ ــﻬﺎدات اﻹﻋﻔ ــﺎء اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﺈﺻ ــﺣﺎح اﻟﺳ ــﻔن‪ ،‬وﺗﻣدﻳ ــداﺗﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬واﻟﻣوﻗ ــﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﻧﻘ ــﻝ‪ ،‬وﺷ ــﻬﺎدة ﻣر‬ ‫ات‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﻘﺎرﻳر‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧﺷور‬ ‫ى ﻟــدى ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫وﻟدى ذﻛر ﻣﺻطﻠﺢ "ﻣوﺛق" أو "وﺛﺎﺋق"‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ذﻟك ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﺗواﻓر وﺛﻳﻘﺔ أو ﺑﻳﻧﺎت أﺧر‬ ‫اء اﻟﻣطﻠــوب ﻣﻧﺟــز‪ ،‬وأن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳــﺔ ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗوﺿــﺢ أن اﻹﺟـر‬ ‫ﺟودة ذﻟك اﻹﻧﺟﺎز ﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﻟذﻟك اﻟﻣؤﺷر‪ .‬وﻟﻳﺳت ﻫﻧﺎﻟــك ﺣﺎﺟــﺔ إﻟــﻰ ﺗﻘــدﻳم وﺛــﺎﺋق أو ﺑﻳﻧــﺎت ﺗﺗﻌﻠــق ﺑﻬــذا اﻷﻣــر إﻟــﻰ‬

‫صفحة ‪ 3‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ع إﻟــﻰ اﻟﺣﺎﺷــﻳﺔ اﻟﺳــﻔﻠﻳﺔ ذات‬ ‫ﻏــب اﻟﻘطــر ﻓــﻲ ذﻟــك‪ .‬وﻟــدى ذﻛــر ﻣﺻــطﻠﺢ " ﻣﻧﺷــور" ﻧرﺟــو اﻟرﺟــو‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ‪ ،‬إﻻ إذا ر‬ ‫اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﻟﺗﻔﺳــﻳر اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻰ إذا ﻟــزم اﻷﻣــر‪ .‬وﻟــدى ذﻛــر ﻣﺻــطﻠﺢ "وطﻧــﻲ"‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﻠــدان ذات اﻟــﻧظم اﻻﺗﺣﺎدﻳــﺔ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻩ اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫اء‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟذي ﻳﻘدر‬ ‫ﻓﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻔﺳر ذﻟك ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب ﻟﻺﺟر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 4‬من ‪33‬‬

‫‪ ،‬اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺔ واﻟﺗﻣوﻳﻝ‬

‫)‪(2)،(1‬‬

‫اﻟﺗﺷرﻳﻊ اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1-1‬‬ ‫‪1-1-1‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫اﻟﺗﺷرﻳﻊ واﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷـرﻳﻊ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻘـواﻧﻳن‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻹدارﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت أو‬ ‫ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫) ‪(3‬‬

‫اﺟﻌﺔ اﻹرﺷﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن ﻣﻊ ﺗﺧﺻﻳص ﻗﻳﻣﺔ واﺣدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ )ﻧﻌم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑﻝ اﻟﺑدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف( ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ذﻟك ﻓــﻲ اﻹطــﺎر اﻟﺧــﺎص‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔ‬ ‫‪1-1-1-1‬‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ ﻣــن اﻟﺻــﻛوك اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳــﺔ ذات‬ ‫ﱢــذ ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم ﻟﻠﺗﺷـرﻳﻌﺎت واﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ واﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻹدارﻳــﺔ وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ‬ ‫ﱢذت اﻟﺗوﺻﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ اُﺗﺧذت ﻋﻘــب ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم اﻟﺗﺷـرﻳﻌﺎت واﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ واﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻹدارﻳــﺔ وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ﻧﻔ‬ ‫‪2-1-1-1‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ُ‬ ‫ﻣن اﻟﺻﻛوك اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪3-1-1-1‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ روﺟﻌت اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻣن أﺟﻝ ﺗﻳﺳﻳر ﻣﻬﺎم ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫) ‪(5‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ وﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﺳــﻌﺔ)‪ (6‬ﻟﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﱢــذت اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت اﻟر‬ ‫ﻧﻔ‬ ‫‪4-1-1-1‬‬ ‫اﻣﻳــﺔ إﻟــﻰ ﺗﻳﺳــﻳر اﻟﻣﻬــﺎم اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ واﻟﻣﻬــﺎم اﻟﻣو ﱠ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ُ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻧﺎﺻـ ــر اﻷﺳﺎﺳـ ــﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺷ ـ ـرﻳﻌﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳـ ــﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳـ ــﺔ ذات اﻟﺻـ ــﻠﺔ ﺑـ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ؟‬ ‫واﻟﻰ ﺗﻌزﻳز اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫) ‪(7‬‬

‫ى اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻓﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻛوك اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ اﻷﺧر‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك ﻧﺷـ ــر‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫‪5-1-1-1‬‬

‫*‬

‫ار أي ﺗﻌــدﻳﻝ ﺟدﻳــد ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن ﻗﺑــﻝ ﺟﻣﻌﻳــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺻــﺑﺢ ﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟــدوﻝ‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻳﺷــﺗرط دﺳــﺗور اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ أﻧــﻪ ﺑﻣﺟــرد إﻗ ـر‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ ﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ـؤﺛر اﻟدوﻟــﺔ اﻟﻌﺿــو‪ ،‬ﺑﺷــﻛﻝ ﻣؤﻛــد ورﺳــﻣﻲ ﻋــدم اﺧﺗﻳﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ـم‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ـدﻳﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫اﻟﺗ‬ ‫ـذﻟك‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧو‬ ‫اﻷﻋﺿــﺎء ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻳــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻠــزﻣﻳن‬ ‫ُْ‬ ‫اﻟﺟدﻳــدة ﺧــﻼﻝ ﻣــدة زﻣﻧﻳــﺔ ﻣﺣــددة‪ .‬وﻛــﺎن اﻟﺧــﺎﻣس ﻋﺷــر ﻣــن ﻛــﺎﻧون اﻷوﻝ‪ /‬دﻳﺳــﻣﺑر ‪ 2006‬ﻫــو آﺧــر ﻣوﻋــد ﻟـرﻓض اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ أو إﺑــداء أي‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻔــظ ﻋﻠﻳﻬــﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻣــﺎ ﺑﺄﻧــﻪ ﻣــﺎ ﻣــن دوﻟــﺔ ﻋﺿــو ﻗــد رﻓﺿــت أو آﺛــرت ﻋــدم اﺧﺗﻳــﺎر اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣــﺎ أن دوﻟﺗــﻳن اﺛﻧﺗــﻳن ﻓﻘــط ﻫﻣــﺎ اﻟﻠﺗــﺎن أﺑــدﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻔظــﺎت ﻋﻠﻳﻬــﺎ‪ .‬وﻋﻠــﻰ ذﻟــك‪ ،‬ﻓﻘــد أﺿــﺣت ﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟــدوﻝ اﻷﻋﺿــﺎء ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ ﻣﻠزﻣــﺔ ﻗﺎﻧوﻧــﺎ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑــﺎر ذﻟــك ﻣــن ﻣﺳــﺎﺋﻝ اﻟﻘـﺎﻧون‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ .‬وﺑﻣوﺟب دﺳﺗور اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ووﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻳس ﻣطﻠوﺑﺎ ﻣن اﻟدوﻝ اﻷﻋﺿﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺻدﻳق‪ ،‬ﻛــﻼ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺣــدة‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ر ﻣن ‪.2007‬‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ أو اﻟﺗوﻗﻳﻊ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺗﻰ ﺗﻛون ﻣﻠزﻣﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻋﺗﺑﺎ اً‬ ‫ى ذات اﻟطﺑﻳﻌﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ اﻷﺧر‬ ‫ات ﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺻﺎرم‪ ،‬وﻟﻛﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺗﻳﺳﻳر ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫)‪ (2‬ﻟﻳﺳت ﻗدر‬ ‫اﻣﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘﺿﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ اﻋﺗﺑﺎ ا‬ ‫ر ﻣن اﻟﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟذي دﺧﻠــت ﻓﻳــﻪ ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻳﺗطﻠب اﻷﻣر وﺟود إطﺎر ﻗﺎﻧوﻧﻲ ﻳﺣﻘق اﻻﻣﺗﺛﺎﻝ ﻟﻼﻟﺗز‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧوﻧ ـﺎً ﺣﱢ‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ اﻹﺿــﺎﻓﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق اﻟﻣوﻋــد اﻟﻧﻬــﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ ﻋــﺎم ‪ 2012‬ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫اف‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ ‪2007‬؛ و‬ ‫ﻳــز اﻟﻧﻔــﺎذ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟــدوﻝ اﻷط ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣدرﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣرﻓق )‪ ،(1‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫذا اﻹطﺎر اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻏم ﻣن أن ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﺗﺷرﻳﻌﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ وﺗﻌدﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫــو أﻣــر ﻏﻳــر ﻣطﻠــوب ﺻـر‬ ‫اﺣﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻠــواﺋﺢ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟر‬ ‫إﻻ أن ﺟﻣﻌﻳــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ ﺗﺣــث ﺑﺷــدة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻘﻳــﺎم ﺑــذﻟك‪ ،‬ﻛﻣــﺎ ﺗﺷ ـﺟﻊ ﻋﻠــﻰ ذﻟــك اﻟوﺛــﺎﺋق اﻹرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ‪ .‬وﻟﻠﺣﺻــوﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺻﻳﻠﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﺻدد‪ ،‬ﻳﻣﻛن اﻟرﺟو‬ ‫ع إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺳم ‪ 1-2‬ﻣــن دﻟﻳــﻝ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺗﺷـرﻳﻌﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣوﻗــﻊ‬ ‫ات اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳ ــﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧ ــﻲ ‪. http://www.who.int/ihr/3._Part_I_Questions_and_Answers.pdf‬وﺑﺎﻹﺿ ــﺎﻓﺔ إﻟ ــﻰ ذﻟ ــك‪ ،‬وﺣﻳ ــث ﺗط ــورت اﻟﻘ ــدر‬ ‫واﻟﺣوﻛﻣﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻷوﺿــﺎع اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧــذ دﺧــوﻝ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﺣﱢ‬ ‫اﺟﻌــﺔ‬ ‫ة‪ .‬وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ ﻣر‬ ‫اء ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم ﻟﻬــذﻩ اﻟﻔﺗـر‬ ‫ﻳــز اﻟﻧﻔــﺎذ ﻓــﻲ ﻋــﺎم ‪ ،2007‬ﻓﻳﺣﺑــذ إﺟـر‬ ‫ات واﻟﻔواﺋــد اﻟﻣﺗرﺗﺑــﺔ ﻋﻠ ــﻰ ﺗﻌ ــدﻳﻝ اﻟﺗﺷ ـرﻳﻌﺎت‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻘـ ـواﻧﻳن‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑ ــﺎت‬ ‫اﺑﻌــﺔ ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻟﺻــﻔﺣﺔ ‪ 14‬ﻣــن ﻫ ــذﻩ اﻟوﺛﻳﻘــﺔ ﻟﻣﻌرﻓــﺔ اﻟﻣﻣﻳـ ـز‬ ‫ة اﻟر‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘـ ـر‬ ‫اﻹدارﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﻏﻳر ذﻟك ﻣن اﻟﺻﻛوك اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗرﺻد‪ ،‬واﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺄﻫب‪ ،‬واﻟﺗوﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣوارد اﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (5‬ﺗﺷﻣﻝ اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﺳــﻌﺔ ﻟﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ )أﻧظــر ﻣﺟﻣوﻋــﺔ أدوات‬ ‫)‪ (6‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿــﺎﻓﺔ إﻟــﻰ أﻋﻣــﺎﻝ اﻟﺗﻧﺳــﻳق واﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓــﺈن اﻷدوار اﻟﻣو ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــذ ﻓ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻲ اﻟﺗﺷـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـرﻳﻊ اﻟ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــوطﻧﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻘﺳ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــم ‪ - 5.2‬أﻋﻣ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﻝ ﻣرﻛ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﻝ اﻟ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــوطﻧﻲ ﻋﻠ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻰ اﻟﻣوﻗ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻊ اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻲ‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗوﻋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (http://www.who.int/ihr/NFP_Toolkit.pdf‬ﺗﺗﺿﻣن ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬وﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻘدر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 5‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اﺑط‪ /‬ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظ ــﺎت أو إﻳﺿ ــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣ ــﻊ ذﻛ ــر أي أﻧﺷ ــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛ ــون‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬

‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ‪ ،‬إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

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‫‪2‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق)‪ (8‬واﺗﺻﺎﻻت ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬ ‫) ‪(9‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻟﺗواﺻﻝ واﻟدﻋوة ﺑﺷﺄن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻫﻧ ــﺎك آﻟﻳ ــﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻠ ــﺔ ﻣوﺟ ــودة ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق ﺑ ــﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋ ــﺎت ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫‪1-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ اﻹرﺷﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﻳﻔﺎء ﻫذا اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻧﺎﺳــﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑﻝ اﻟﺑدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠــدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ات ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣ ــﺎ ﻳﺧ ــﺗص ﺑﺎﻷﺣ ــداث اﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻗ ــد ﺗﻣﺛ ــﻝ أﺣ ــد‬ ‫زر‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك ﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق ﺑ ــﻳن اﻟ ــو ا‬ ‫‪1-1-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻷﺣ ــداث أو اﻟﻣﺧ ــﺎطر ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﺗﺳ ــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘـ ـﺎً ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗوى اﻟ ــوطﻧﻲ أو‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫‪2-1-1-2‬‬ ‫اءات ﻣوازﻳ ــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق ﺑ ــﻳن ﻣرﻛ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ــﺎﻝ‬ ‫اءات ﻋﻣ ــﻝ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳ ــﺔ)‪ ،(12‬أو إﺟـ ـر‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﺗﺗـ ـواﻓر إﺟـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ وﺑﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(13‬‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗوﺟــد ﺟﻬــﺔ ﻣﺗﻌــددة اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت وﻣﺗﻌــددة اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻــﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﻟﺟﻧــﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻓرﻗــﺔ ﻋﻣــﻝ ﺗﺗﻌﺎﻣــﻝ‬ ‫‪3-1-1-2‬‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣ ــﻊ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑ ــﺎت اﻟﻠـ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣ ــﺎ ﻳﺧ ــﺗص ﺑﺗرﺻ ــد وﻣواﺟﻬ ــﺔ طـ ـوار‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫اض ﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺗــوﻓﻳر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت‪ ،‬ﻣﺟﻣوﻋــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﺗﺷـرﻳﻌﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗوﺻﻲ ﺑﺗﺷرﻳﻌﺎت ﻣﺣددة‪ .‬وﺗﻧﺷر اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻏـر‬ ‫)‪ (7‬ﻻ ﺗﻘر اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗﻲ اﻋﺗﻣدت ﻓﻲ اﻟدوﻝ اﻷﻋﺿﺎء‪ ،‬وذﻟك ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣوﻗﻊ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻻﻧﺗرﻧت‪:‬‬ ‫‪http://www.who.int/ihr/7._Part_III_compilation_of_examples_of_national_LEGISLATION.pdf.‬‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣوﻗــﻊ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧــﻲ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫــﻲ ﻣﺗﺎﺣــﺔ ﻟﺗﻧزﻳﻠﻬــﺎ ﻣــن ﻫــذا اﻟﻣوﻗــﻊ‬ ‫ى ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗـواﻓر‬ ‫ﻛﻣﺎ أن وﺛــﺎﺋق وﻣـواد أﺧــر‬

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‫وﻫو‪:‬‬ ‫‪http://www.who.int/ihr/legal_issues/legislation/en/index.html.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (8‬اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻳﻌﻧﻲ إﺗﺎﺣﺔ آﻟﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺎﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ وأداﺋﻬﺎ ﻟدور‬ ‫ﻳﺣدد وﺣدة‪ ،‬أو ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻟﺟﻧﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻫﻳﺋﺔ ﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ ﺗﺧﺗص ﺑﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺗﺻﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳ ّ‬ ‫ﻌﻳن اﻟﻘطر أو ُ‬ ‫) ‪ُ (9‬‬ ‫ﻫم ﻓﻲ ﺗﻧﻔﻳذﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (10‬اﻟدﻋوة ﺗﻌﻧﻲ اﻟﺗوﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﻳن ﺟﻣﻳﻊ أﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ذوي اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ وﺑﻳﺎن أدوار‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ )اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟر‬ ‫)‪ (11‬اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت واﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ )اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ واﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻼ‪ :‬ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت ﻧظم اﻟر‬ ‫ان اﻟﻣــدﻧﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ي(‪ ،‬اﻟﻧﻘﻝ )ﺳﻳﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻧﻘــﻝ‪ ،‬واﻟطﻳـر‬ ‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر اﻟﺑﻳطر‬ ‫اﻋﺔ )اﻷﻣر‬ ‫ات اﻟزر‬ ‫زر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳﺔ‪ /‬اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻼﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وو ا‬ ‫اﻗﺑ ــﺔ اﻧﻔ ــﺎذ اﻟﻣﻌ ــﺎﻳﻳر‬ ‫ﺟﻳ ــﺔ )ﺣﻣﺎﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗﻬﻠك‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫ة اﻟﺧﺎر‬ ‫اﻗﺑ ــﺔ اﻟﺟ ــودة(‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺟ ــﺎر‬ ‫ة و‪/‬أو اﻟﺻ ــﻧﺎﻋﺔ )ﺳ ــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐ ــذاء‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫ي(‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺟ ــﺎر‬ ‫واﻟﻣـ ـواﻧﺊ‪ ،‬واﻟﻧﻘ ــﻝ اﻟﺑﺣ ــر‬ ‫اﻧﺔ أو اﻟﻣﺎﻟﻳﺔ )اﻟﺟﻣﺎرك(‪ ،‬واﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟداﺧﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺻﺣﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺳﻳﺎﺣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ة(‪ ،‬واﻟﺧز‬ ‫اﻣﻳﺔ( واﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت‪ ،‬واﻟدﻓﺎع )اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺣوﻝ ﺗدﻓق اﻟﻬﺟر‬ ‫اﻹﻟز‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻔﺻﻳﻝ اﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﺎت‪ ،‬وأدوار‪ ،‬وﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳﺎت ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (12‬ﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﺗوﺿﺢ إﺟر‬ ‫وﻫﻳﺎﻛــﻝ اﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻳﺎت اﻹدارﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺣدﻳــد أﺻــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﻳن ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ إرﺳــﺎﻝ ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت إﻟــﻰ‬ ‫أﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ذوي اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫أس ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻠﺟﻧــﺔ أو ﻓرﻗــﺔ اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر أﻧــﻪ ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ أن ﺗﺿــم ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (13‬ﺗﻘــرر اﻟﺑﻠــدان ﻣــن ﻳ ـر‬ ‫ات‪.‬‬ ‫رر‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت وﻓﻲ ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺔ اﺗﺧﺎذ اﻟﻘ ا‬

‫صفحة ‪ 6‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث آﻟﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت واﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﺎت‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﺗظﺎم؟‬ ‫‪ 4-1-1-2‬أ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم اﺧﺗﺑﺎر آﻟﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت واﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻــﺎت ﻣــن ﺧــﻼﻝ‬ ‫‪4-1-1-2‬ب‬ ‫ع ﺣدث ﻓﻌﻠﻲ؟‬ ‫ﺗﻣﺎرﻳن أو ﻣن ﺧﻼﻝ وﻗو‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﺗ ــم إﻋ ــداد ﺧط ــط ﻋﻣ ــﻝ ﺗﺗﺿ ــﻣن اﻟ ــدروس اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗﻔﺎدة واﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﺂﻟﻳ ــﺎت اﻟﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳ ــﻎ‬ ‫‪5-1-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت واﻟﻣﺗﻌددة اﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﺎت؟‬ ‫ى ﺗﺣ ــدﻳﺛﺎت ﺳ ــﻧوﻳﺔ ﻷوﺿ ــﺎع ﺗﻧﻔﻳ ــذ اﻟﻠـ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳ ــﺔ ﻟ ــدى أﺻ ــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷ ــﺄن‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﺗﺟ ــر‬ ‫‪6-1-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ﻋﺑر ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻟﺗواﺻﻝ واﻟدﻋوة ﺑﺷﺄن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻬــﺎم وأﻋﻣــﺎﻝ ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‬ ‫‪1-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫ﻣوﺟودة ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﺣددﻫﺎ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫)‪(14‬‬ ‫ﻋﻳن ﻣرﻛز اﺗﺻﺎﻝ وطﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ؟‬ ‫‪1-2-1-2‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ُ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳزود ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ ﺑﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت اﺗﺻــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪2-2-1-2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺣدﺛﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛذﻟك ﺑﺗﻘرﻳر ﺳﻧوي ﻳؤﻛد ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت؟‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ أوﻛﻠــت أي أدوار)‪ (15‬أو ﻣﺳــؤوﻟﻳﺎت إﺿــﺎﻓﻳﺔ إﻟــﻰ ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫‪3-2-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻣﻬﺎم ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠوﻗوف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣدى‬ ‫‪4-2-1-2‬‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻳﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺣﺳن ﺗوﻗﻳﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺟواﻧب اﻟﺷﻔﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻣدى ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ طرق اﻹﺑﻼغ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳ ـﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳــد أﺻــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷــﺄن اﻟــوطﻧﻳﻳن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﻳن)‪ (16‬اﻟﻣﺳــؤوﻟﻳن ﻋــن ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪5-2-1-2‬‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(17‬‬ ‫‪6-2-1-2‬‬ ‫زﻣ ــﺎت ﻣرﻛ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ــﺎﻝ اﻟ ــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧ ــﻲ ﺑ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳـ ـﺗم ﺑﻌ ــث اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣ ــﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗ ا‬ ‫واﻟــﻰ أﺻــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷــﺄن اﻟــوطﻧﻳﻳن‬ ‫اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣوﺟــب ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬إﻟــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ٕ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن؟‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳـ ـﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳ ــد أدوار وﻣﺳ ــؤوﻟﻳﺎت اﻟﺳ ــﻠطﺎت ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ وأﺻ ــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷ ــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳ ــﻳن ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣ ــﺎ‬ ‫‪ 7-2-1-2‬أ‬ ‫ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳ ــﺗم ﻧﺷ ــر أدوار وﻣﺳ ــؤوﻟﻳﺎت اﻟﺳ ــﻠطﺎت ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وأﺻ ــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷ ــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳ ــﻳن ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣ ــﺎ‬ ‫‪7-2-1-2‬ب‬ ‫ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫم وﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳﺎﺗﻬم؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﻧﻔﱠذ)‪ (18‬ﺧطط ﺗوﻋﻳﺔ وﺗﻌرﻳف أﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ﺑﺄدوار‬ ‫‪8-2-1-2‬‬ ‫ء ﻣﻛﻣــﻝ ﻟﻣــورد‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺳﺗﺧدم ﻣوﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻷﺣداث ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻛﺟــز‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت)‪ (19‬اﻟﺧﺎص ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪9-2-1-2‬‬

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‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ر ﻣــن ‪ (2007‬وأن ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ اﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻــﺎﺗﻪ اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻــر اﻹﻟز‬ ‫ﻳن )اﻋﺗﺑــﺎ اً‬ ‫ﻋّ‬ ‫)‪ (14‬ﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻛون ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻗد ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟــدوﻝ اﻷﻋﺿــﺎء‪ :‬ﺗـواﻓر اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻻت ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣــدار اﻟﺳــﺎﻋﺔ ﻣــﻊ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ – إرﺳــﺎﻝ اﻟﺑﻼﻏــﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻣــﺎ ﻳﺧــﺗص ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ – ﺟﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﻣن أﺟﻝ إرﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑﻣوﺟب اﻟﻣﺎدة )‪ (12-5‬ﻣــن اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ –‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺷر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳــﺔ ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ار – اﻟﺗواﺻﻝ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﺗداﺑﻳر اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﻔﱠذة‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻣﺎن ﻋﻣﻝ ﻗﻧوات اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت وأﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﻘر‬ ‫ة اﻟﻣوﻗ ـ ـ ـ ــﻊ‬ ‫ﺣ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎت ﺣ ـ ـ ـ ــوﻝ اﻷدوار اﻹﺿ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﻟﻣرﻛ ـ ـ ـ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﻝ اﻟ ـ ـ ـ ــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧ ـ ـ ـ ــﻲ ﺑ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ـ ـ ـ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳ ـ ـ ـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳرﺟ ـ ـ ـ ــﻰ زﻳ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎر‬ ‫)‪ (15‬ﻹﺑ ـ ـ ـ ــداء اﻟﻣﻘﺗر‬ ‫‪http://www.who.int/ihr/elibrary/legal/en/index.html‬‬ ‫)‪ (16‬أﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳون ﻫم أي ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت أو ﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﻧظم ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻋدة ﻓﻲ إﺣداث اﻟﺗﺄﺛﻳر‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﺗﺗﺄﺛر ﺑﺎﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬

‫اف‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ وﻫﻲ ﺗﺷﻣﻝ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﺧﺗﻠف اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻼﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ داﺧﻝ اﻟدوﻝ اﻷطر‬

‫اﻣﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻟم ﻳﻛن ﻫﻧﺎك اﺳﺗﺛﻧﺎء أو ﺗﻘدﻳر ﻣﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (17‬ﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟدوﻝ اﻷﻋﺿﺎء اﻟوﻓﺎء ﺑﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻻﻟﺗز‬ ‫)‪ (18‬ﻳﺷﻳر ﻫذا اﻟﺳؤاﻝ إﻟﻰ اﻷﻧﺷطﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﻔذ ﻣن أﺟــﻝ رﻓــﻊ ﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوﻋﻲ ﺣــوﻝ اﻟﻠــواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟــدى أﺻــﺣﺎب اﻟﺷــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﻳن‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ذﻟــك‬ ‫ات واﻟﺷرﻛﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫زر‬ ‫اﻟو ا‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻝ ﻛﻝ ﺷﻬر‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (19‬ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻣر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 7‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظ ــﺎت أو إﻳﺿ ــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣ ــﻊ ذﻛ ــر أي أﻧﺷ ــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛ ــون‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪10-2-1-2‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ أُﻧﺷﺊ ﻣوﻗﻊ ﻋﺎﻣﻝ)‪ (20‬أو ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻻﻧﺗرﻧت؟‬ ‫اﺑط‪ /‬ﻋﻧــوان‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑــط( ﻋﻧ ـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑــﺄي وﺛــﺎﺋق ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟ ـر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء اﻹﻓــﺎدة ﺑ ـر‬ ‫‬‫ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ ـ‬

‫*‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺻد‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫)‪(23‬‬ ‫)‪(22‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷــر )ﻳﺷــﺎر إﻟﻳــﻪ أﻳﺿــﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻣــﻧظم‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫‪1-3‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺻد‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺗرﺻد ﻟظروف ﻣﺣددة(‬ ‫اء اﻟﺧـ ـ ــﺎص ﺑﺎﻹﻧـ ـ ــذار‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻳﺗﺿـ ـ ــﻣن اﻟﺗرﺻـ ـ ــد اﻟﻘـ ـ ــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠـ ـ ــﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷـ ـ ــر اﻹﺟ ـ ـ ـر‬ ‫‪1-1-3‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫)‪(24‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺑﻛ ـ ــر ﻣ ـ ــن أﺟ ـ ــﻝ اﻻﻛﺗﺷ ـ ــﺎف اﻟﻣﺑﻛ ـ ــر ﻟﻸﺣ ـ ــداث اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘ ـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻ ـ ــﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ اﻹرﺷﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻻﺳﺗﻳﻔﺎء ﻫذا اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑﻝ اﻟﺑدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠــدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗوﺟد ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻟﻸﻣر‬ ‫اض ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ)‪ (25‬واﻟﺣﺎﻻت‪ ،‬وﺗﻌرﻳﻔﺎت ﻟﻠﺣﺎﻻت‪ ،‬ﻣن أﺟﻝ ﺗرﺻدﻫﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗوﺟد وﺣدة )وﺣدات( ﺑﻌﻳﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺧﺻﺻﺔ ﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪1-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-3‬‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫)‪(21‬‬

‫اج اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب‪.‬‬ ‫ة ﻣﻧﺗظﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ إدر‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ وﺗﺣدﻳث اﻟﻣوﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻧﺗرﻧت ﺑﺻور‬ ‫)‪" (20‬ﻋﺎﻣﻝ" ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﻣر‬ ‫ة ﻧظــﺎﻣﻲ ﺗرﺻــد ﻣﻧﻔﺻــﻠﻳن‪ ،‬وﻛﻼﻫﻣــﺎ ﻳﺳــﻬم ﻓــﻲ أﻋﻣــﺎﻝ اﻻﻧــذار اﻟﻣﺑﻛــر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﻌــد‬ ‫)‪ (21‬اﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷــر‪ ،‬واﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺣــدث ﻟﻳﺳــﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺿــرور‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﻣﺔ ﻣن أﺟﻝ اﻻﻛﺗﺷﺎف اﻟﻣﺑﻛر واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ‪ .‬ور‬ ‫ﻏم أن أﻋﻣﺎﻝ اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻣﺷﺎر إﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﺎﻟب ﻣن اﻟﻣﻬﺎم اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻛـﻼ اﻟﻧــوﻋﻳن‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺗﺎن اﻻﺛﻧﺗــﺎن ﻣﻧﻔﺻــﻠﺗﻳن ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذﻩ اﻟوﺛﻳﻘــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳــث إن ﻣــن ﺷــﺄن ذﻟــك ﻣﺳــﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﻠــدان ﺑﺷــﻛﻝ‬ ‫ح أن ﺗﻛــون اﻻﺳــﺗر‬ ‫اء اﻗﺗــر‬ ‫ﻣــن اﻟﺗرﺻــد‪ ،‬إﻻ أن ﻓرﻳــق اﻟﺧﺑـر‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ ﻫــذا اﻟﻣﻔﻬــوم اﻟﺟدﻳــد واﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻣرﺗﻛــز ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺣــدث‪ ،‬و‬ ‫أﻓﺿــﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗﺣدﻳــد اﻟﻣﺟــﺎﻻت اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن ﺗﻌزﻳز‬ ‫ﻻﺳــﻳﻣﺎ أن اﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫اﺳﺧﺎً ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌدﻳد ﻣن اﻟﺑﻠدان‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر ﻗد أﺻﺑﺢ ر‬ ‫اض اﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﺧــﺎﻓر‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (22‬اﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷــر ﻳﻣﺛــﻝ اﻟطرﻳﻘــﺔ اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ اﻟﺣــﺎﻻت اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻳﺷــﻣﻝ ﻧظــم ﺗرﺻــد اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ‪ .‬وﻳﺗم اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﺑﺻﻔﺔ أﺳﺑوﻋﻳﺔ أو ﺷﻬرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪ .‬وﻫذا اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻲ ﻳرﺗﻛز ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣرﻓق اﻟر‬ ‫ي اﻟﻣرﺗﻛز‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫واﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫اض اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻧﺷر ذﻟك‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻳﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻷوﻟﺋــك اﻟـذﻳن‬ ‫)‪" (23‬اﻟﺗرﺻد" ﻫو اﻟﺟﻣﻊ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗرﺗﻳب‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺣﻠﻳﻝ اﻟﻣﻧﻬﺟﻲ واﻟﻣﺗواﺻﻝ ﻟﻠﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت ﻟﻸﻏر‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺣﺗﺎﺟون ﻟﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻻﺗﺧﺎذ اﻹﺟر‬ ‫ات ﻋن اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟطﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (24‬ﻋﻧﺻر اﻹﻧذار اﻟﻣﺑﻛر ﻳﺳﺎﻋد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻛﺗﺷﺎف اﻟﺗﻐﻳر‬ ‫اض اﻷﻛﺛــر ارﺗﻔﺎﻋــﺎ ﻣــن ﺣﻳــث اﻷﻫﻣﻳــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻧﺣــو اﻟــذي ﻳﺣــددﻩ اﻟﻘطــر‪ ،‬وﻳﻣﻛــن أن‬ ‫اض ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳــﺔ" ﻫــﻲ اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫)‪" (25‬اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫اض اﻟﻣدرﺟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣرﻓق )‪ (2‬ﻣن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺷﻣﻝ اﻷﻣر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 8‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اض ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اض اﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺣــوﻝ إﻟــﻰ أوﺑﺋــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻷﻣـر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗُﺣﻠﻝ ﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺗرﺻــد ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫ﺑﺻﻔﺔ أﺳﺑوﻋﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻲ؟‬ ‫اءات‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ‬ ‫ات ﺧــط اﻷﺳــﺎس‪ ،‬واﻻﺗﺟﺎﻫ ـﺎت‪ ،‬وﻋﺗﺑــﺎت اﻹﻧــذار‪ ،‬واﻹﺟ ـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳوﺟــد ﺗﻌرﻳــف ﻟﺗﻘــدﻳر‬ ‫اض ‪ /‬اﻷﺣـ ــداث ذات‬ ‫ﻣﺳـــﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣ ــﻊ اﻟﻣﺣﻠـــﻲ‪ /‬اﻻﺳ ــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺑدﺋﻳـ ــﺔ وذﻟ ــك ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳـ ــﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﻣ ـ ـر‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(26‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻳﻧﻪ ﻣن ‪ %80‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻝ ﻣن وﺣدات اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ؟‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻼزﻣــﺔ‬ ‫رﻓــﺎت أو اﻟﻘــﻳم اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺗﺟــﺎوز اﻟﻌﺗﺑــﺎت‪ ،‬وﺗﺳــﺗﺧدم ﻻﺗﺧــﺎذ اﻹﺟ ـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗﻛﺗﺷــف اﻻﻧﺣ ا‬ ‫)‪(27‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ ؟‬ ‫ﺣﻳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟر‬ ‫)‪(29‬‬ ‫)‪(28‬‬ ‫ﻷﺻــﺣﺎب‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﻧﺷر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻻرﺗﺟﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗرﺻد ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﺗظم ﻟﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت و‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ذوي اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫اءات اﻹﻧ ــذار اﻟﻣﺑﻛ ــر ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳ ــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺗرﺻ ــد اﻟﻣرﺗﻛ ــز ﻋﻠ ــﻰ‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳ ــﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳ ــذ اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣ ــﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑ ــﺈﺟر‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر؟‬ ‫اءات اﻹﻧــذار اﻟﻣﺑﻛــر‬ ‫ات واﻟﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ واﻟــدروس اﻟﻣﺳــﺗﻔﺎدة اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘــﺔ ﺑــﺈﺟر‬ ‫ي ﺗﺷــﺎطر اﻟﺧﺑ ـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷر‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫)‪(30‬‬

‫‪3-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪5-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-3‬‬ ‫‪ 8-1-1-3‬أ‬ ‫‪ 8-1-1-3‬ب‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺣدث‬

‫‪2-3‬‬ ‫‪1-2-3‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫‪1-1-2-3‬‬ ‫*‬

‫‪ ‬اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺣدث ﻣﺗوﻓر وﻳﻌﻣﻝ‬

‫اءات ﻋﻣ ـ ــﻝ و‪/‬أو دﻻﺋ ـ ــﻝ إرﺷ ـ ــﺎدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳ ـ ــﺔ ﺧﺎﺻ ـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗرﺻ ـ ــد اﻟﻘ ـ ــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠ ـ ــﻰ‬ ‫ﻫ ـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ـ ــﺎك إﺟـ ـ ـر‬ ‫ة ﺑﺎﻟﻘطر؟‬ ‫ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫)‪،(32‬‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳد اﻟوﺣدة )اﻟوﺣدات( اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ ﻋن اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺣدث)‪(31‬؟‬ ‫اﻟﺣدث‬

‫‪2-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪3-1-2-3‬‬

‫*‬

‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ واﻟدﻻﺋﻝ اﻹرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻘــﺎط اﻷﺣــداث واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ إﺟر‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺣـ ــداث واﻟﻣﺧـ ــﺎطر اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻـ ــﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﺄﻛﻳدﻫﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺣﻘق ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﻹﺧطﺎر ﺑﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫)‪(33‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻳـ ــﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳـ ــد ﻣﺻـ ــﺎدر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣـ ــﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ)‪(34‬؟‬

‫‪4-1-2-3‬‬

‫*‬

‫)‪ (26‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﺣدد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟﻘطرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اض ﻓﻌﻠﻳﺔ ﺑﺧﻼف اﻟﺷﻠﻝ اﻟرﺧو اﻟﺣﺎد‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (27‬ﻣﺛﻼ‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎءات اﻟﻣوﺛﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﺷﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﺣوﻝ إﻟﻰ أوﺿﺎع أﻣر‬ ‫)‪ (28‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟذي ﻳﺣددﻩ اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ة‪ ،‬أواﻟﺗﻘﺎرﻳر اﻟﺗرﺻدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻘﺻﻳر‬ ‫ات‪ ،‬أواﻟﻣﻠﺧﺻﺎت اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أواﻟﻧﺷر‬ ‫)‪ (29‬ﻣﺛﻼ‪ :‬ﻋﻧﺎوﻳن اﻟﻧﺷر‬ ‫)‪ (30‬اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺣدث ﻫو اﻻﻟﺗﻘــﺎط اﻟﻣــﻧظم واﻟﺳـرﻳﻊ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﻧطــوي ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﺧــﺎطر ﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اض ﻣﺣددة واﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺑث ﻣن ﺧﻼﻝ اﻟﻘﻧوات اﻟرﺳــﻣﻳﺔ )ﻣﺛــﻝ ﻧظــم اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ‬ ‫ﱠدة ﻷﻏر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﻳر اﻟﻣﻌ‬ ‫وﻳﻣﻛن أن ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻛﻝ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺎت وﻏﻳر‬ ‫اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﺗﻣدة( واﻟﻘﻧوات ﻏﻳر اﻟرﺳﻣﻳﺔ )ﻣﺛﻝ وﺳﺎﺋﻝ اﻹﻋﻼم واﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن اﻟﺻﺣﻳﻳن وﺗﻘﺎرﻳر اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻼﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫ءاً ﻣن ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺋم‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (31‬ﻗد ﻳﻛون ذﻟك ﺟز‬ ‫)‪ (32‬ﻳﻐطﻲ اﻟﺗﻘﺎط اﻟﺣدث واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﻋﻧﻪ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳد اﻟوﺑﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم‪ ،‬واﻹﺧطﺎر‪ ،‬ﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺗﺿﻲ اﻷﻣر‪.‬‬ ‫رﻛــز اﻟﺳــﻣوم‪ ،‬أو ﺑﻌــض اﻟﻣﺻــﺎدر اﻟﺑﻳطرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻳـوان أو ﺧــدﻣﺎت ﺻــﺣﺔ‬ ‫)‪ (33‬ﻳﻣﻛــن أن ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ ﻣﺻــﺎدر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت اﻟﻣﺻــﺎدر اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ ﻣﺛــﻝ ﻣ ا‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ(‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫اﺑطــﺔ )اﻟﻣﻳــﺎﻩ‪ ،‬واﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ورﺻــد اﻟﺑﻳﺋــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣﺗر‬ ‫اﻛز اﻻﻧذار اﻟدواﺋﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﺣﺟر اﻟﺻﺣﻲ‪ ،‬أو وﻛﺎﻻت اﻹﺻﺣﺎح واﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ أو ﻣر‬ ‫ﺳﻠطﺎت‪ /‬وﻛﺎﻻت اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو وﻛﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﻔﺗﻳش اﻟﺻﺣﻲ‪) ،‬اﻟﻣطﺎﻋم‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻧﺎدق‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺑــﺎﻧﻲ(‪ ،‬أو ﺷــرﻛﺎت اﻣــدادات اﻟﻣﻳــﺎﻩ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬أو ﻣﺻــﺎدر ﻏﻳــر ﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻــﺣﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻣﻛﺎﺗــب اﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻻﺷــﻌﺎع‪ ،‬أو ﺧــدﻣﺎت رﺻــد اﻻﺷــﻌﺎﻋﺎت‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻬﻳﺋــﺎت اﻟﺗﻧظﻳﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﻧووﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫ات‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺟﻬ ــﺎت اﻟﻌﺳ ــﻛرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳ ــﺟون‪ ،‬أو اﻹﻋ ــﻼم‪ ،‬أو‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋ ــﺎت ﺣﻣﺎﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗﻬﻠك‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻣﺻ ــﺎدر اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳ ــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻣﻧظﻣ ــﺎت اﻟﻼﺣﻛوﻣﻳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳ ــﻔﺎر‬ ‫رﻗــب‬ ‫ى ﺗﺄﺛﻳر اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــﺛﻼ اﻟﺻــﻳدﻟﻳﺎت ﺗ ا‬ ‫ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻧﺷر )اﻻﻧﺗرﻧت‪ ،‬واﻟﻣطﺑوﻋﺎت اﻷﻛﺎدﻳﻣﻳﺔ( أو اﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗد ﺗﻌﻛس ﻣﺻﺎدر أﺧر‬ ‫ة(‬ ‫رر‬ ‫ات اﻟﺟوﻳــﺔ )ﺳــﻘوط اﻷﻣطــﺎر‪ ،‬ودرﺟــﺎت اﻟﺣـ ا‬ ‫ات اﻟﺗﻐﻳـر‬ ‫رﻗــب ﺗــﺄﺛﻳر‬ ‫رﻛــز اﻷرﺻــﺎد اﻟﺟوﻳــﺔ ﺗ ا‬ ‫اﻗب اﻣﺗﻧﺎع اﻟطــﻼب‪ ،‬وﻣ ا‬ ‫أﻧﻣﺎط اﺳﺗﻬﻼك اﻷدوﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣدارس ﺗر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻏﻳر‬ ‫اض ﻏﻳــر ﻋﺎدﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اض ﻣــﺎ‪ ،‬أو أﻧﻣــﺎط أﻣـر‬ ‫ع اﻟﻣرض ﺑﻳن اﻟﺑﺷر ﻣﺛﻝ اﻟﺣــﺎﻻت اﻟﻌﻧﻘودﻳــﺔ ﻟﻣــرض ﻣــﺎ أو ﻣﺗﻼزﻣــﺔ أﻋـر‬ ‫)‪ (34‬ﺗﺷﻣﻝ اﻷﺣداث ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑوﻗو‬ ‫ﻫم ﻣــن اﻟﻣﺑﻠﻐــﻳن اﻟرﺋﻳﺳــﻳﻳن ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻘطــر‪ ،‬وﻛــذﻟك اﻷﺣــداث ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﺗﻌرض اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣــﻝ‬ ‫ﻩ اﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠون اﻟﺻــﺣﻳون وﻏﻳــر‬ ‫أو وﻓﻳــﺎت ﻏﻳــر ﻣﺗوﻗﻌــﺔ وﻓﻘــﺎ ﻟﻣــﺎ ﻳﻘـر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺑﺷر‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 9‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻧظــﺎم أو آﻟﻳــﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳ ـﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ ‪ /‬أو اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى دون اﻟــوطﻧﻲ ﻻﻟﺗﻘــﺎط‬ ‫اﻷﺣداث اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺻﺎدر ﻣﺗﻧوﻋﺔ)‪(35‬؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻣﺷــﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗوﻋﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌرﻳــف‪ ،‬ﻟﻘــﺎدة اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣــﻊ‪ ،‬واﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺎت‪ ،‬وﻣﺗطــوﻋﻲ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ‬ ‫اد اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻝ اﻛﺗﺷﺎف اﻷﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ ﻏﻳر اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﻋﻧﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫم ﻣن أﻓر‬ ‫وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ي ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم وﺗﺣــدﻳث اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ اﻟــذي ﻳــﺗم ﻣــن ﺟﺎﻧــب اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣــﻊ ‪ /‬ﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺗﺿﻲ اﻷﻣر؟‬ ‫ى ﺗوﺛﻳق ﺗﺟﺎرب اﻟﻘطر واﻟﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺣــدث‪ ،‬وﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠــﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬ ‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷر؟‬ ‫ات واﻟﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻟﻘــﺎﺋم ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺣــدث وﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠــﻪ ﻣــﻊ‬ ‫ي ﺗﺷــﺎطر اﻟﺧﺑـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻘﺎﺋم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺷر ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫ة ﻟﺗﺑــﺎدﻝ ﺑﻳﺎﻧــﺎت اﻟﺗرﺻــد وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣــﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺗرﺗﻳﺑــﺎت ﻣــﻊ اﻟﺑﻠــدان اﻟﻣﺟــﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗد ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ دوﻟﻳﺎً؟‬ ‫ار اﻟوارد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣرﻓق ‪ 2‬ﻣــن اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻣﺑﺎدئ اﻟﺗوﺟﻳﻬﻳﺔ ﻻﺗﺧﺎذ اﻟﻘر‬ ‫ﻹﺧطﺎر اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻗــﺎم ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣــدى اﻻﺛﻧ ـﻲ ﻋﺷــر‬ ‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ ﺑﺗﺑﻳﻠﻎ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻷﺣداث اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗواﻓق ﻣﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﺑﻣوﺟب اﻟﻣرﻓــق‬ ‫ﺷﻬ اً‬ ‫اء ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣــﺎت‬ ‫‪ 2‬ﻣن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻏﺿون ‪ 24‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ ﻣــن إﺟـر‬ ‫)‪(36‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬

‫‪5-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪6-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪7-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪ 8-1-2-3‬أ‬ ‫‪ 8-1-2-3‬ب‬ ‫‪9-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪10-1-2-3‬‬ ‫‪11-1-2-3‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ر‬ ‫ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻹﺛﻧـﻲ ﻋﺷــر ﺷــﻬ اً‬

‫إذا ﻟــم ﻳﻛــن ﻗــد ﻗــﺎم ﺑــذﻟك‪ ،‬ﻓﻛــم ﻛﺎﻧــت اﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺋوﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗواﻓﻘــت ﻣــﻊ ﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳ ــﻎ ﺑﻣوﺟ ــب اﻟﻣرﻓ ــق ‪ 2‬ﻣ ــن اﻟﻠـ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻗ ــﺎم ﻣرﻛ ــز اﻻﺗﺻ ــﺎﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻧ ــﻲ‬ ‫اء ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣـ ــﺎت‬ ‫ﺑـ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻـ ــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳـ ــﺔ ﺑﺗﺑﻠﻳﻐﻬـ ــﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻧظﻣـ ــﺔ ﻓـ ــﻲ ﻏﺿـ ــون ‪ 24‬ﺳـ ــﺎﻋﺔ ﻣـ ــن إﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫)‪(37‬‬ ‫‬‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣدى اﻻﺛﻧﻲ ﻋﺷر ﺷﻬ اً‬ ‫)‪(39‬‬

‫ر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻗــﺎم ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻹﺛﻧــﻰ ﻋﺷــر ﺷــﻬ اً‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ وردت ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺄﻛــد ﻣــن ﺻــﺣﺔ اﻷﺣــداث ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﺿون ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ؟‬

‫ﱢﻔت ﻛﺄﺣــداث ﻋﺎﺟﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﺻـﻧ‬ ‫إذا ﻟم ﻳﻛن ذﻟك ﻗد ﺗــم‪ ،‬ﻓﻛــم ﻛﺎﻧــت اﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺋوﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺗــﻲ ُ‬ ‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﻬــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ﻏﺿــون ‪ 48‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ‬ ‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿــﻳﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺟــر‬ ‫ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻻﺛﻧــﻰ ﻋﺷــر ﺷــﻬ اً‬ ‫ﻋﻧﻬﺎ؟_______ ‪___-‬‬

‫)‪(38‬‬ ‫ﺻـ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻧﻔت ﻛﺄﺣــداث ﻋﺎﺟﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم ﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺗــﻲ ُ‬ ‫ة‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻏﺿون ‪ 48‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﻋﻧﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫اﻷﺧﻳر‬

‫‪12-1-2-3‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪13-1-2-3‬‬

‫*‬

‫إذا ﻟم ﻳﻛن ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑذﻟك‪ ،‬ﻓﻛم ﻫﻲ اﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﺋوﻳﺔ ﻣن طﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺗﺄﻛد ﻣــن ﺻــﺣﺔ اﻷﺣــداث‪ ،‬اﻟﺗــﻲ‬ ‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــﺎم ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫وردت ﻣــن اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻹﺛﻧــﻰ ﻋﺷــر ﺷــﻬ اً‬ ‫ﻫﺎ(‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (35‬ﺗﺷﻣﻝ ﻣﺛﻼ‪ :‬اﻟدواﺋر اﻟﺑﻳطرﻳﺔ واﻹﻋﻼﻣﻳﺔ )اﻟﺻﺣف‪ ،‬واﻹذاﻋﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‪ ،‬واﻟﻧﺷر اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‪ ،‬واﻻﻧﺗرﻧت وﻏﻳر‬

‫)‪ (36‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻧﻔذ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﺗﻠف اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت )اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ( وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺗرﻛﻳﺑﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (37‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻧﻔذ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﺗﻠف اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت )اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ( وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺗرﻛﻳﺑﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اض ﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻣرﻓق ‪ ،1‬ﻓــﺈن ﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ اﻟﺗــﺄﺛﻳر اﻟﺧطﻳــر ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ و‪/‬أو اﻟطﺑﻳﻌــﺔ ﻏﻳــر اﻟﻌﺎدﻳــﺔ أو ﻏﻳــر‬ ‫)‪" (38‬ﻷﻏ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗوﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﺣﺗﻣﺎﻻت اﻻﻧﺗﺷﺎر"‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (39‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻧﻔذ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﺗﻠف اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت )اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ( وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺗرﻛﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 10‬من ‪33‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ار؟‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ اﺳﺗﺧدام ﺻك اﻟﻘر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﺗم ﻣر‬ ‫‪ 14-1-2-3‬أ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻧﺎدا إﻟﻰ اﻟدروس اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻔﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ؟‬ ‫ات‬ ‫رر‬ ‫اءات اﺗﺧﺎذ اﻟﻘ ا‬ ‫‪ 14-1-2-3‬ب ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث إﺟر‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ات وﺗﺟ ــﺎرب اﻟﻘط ــر وﻧﺗ ــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳ ــﻎ واﺳ ــﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣرﻓ ــق ‪ 2‬ﻣ ــن اﻟﻠـ ـواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ى ﺗوﺛﻳ ــق ﺧﺑـ ـر‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳﺟ ــر‬ ‫‪ 15-1-2-3‬أ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳٍﺔ؟‬ ‫ات وﺗﺟــﺎرب اﻟﻘطــر وﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ واﺳــﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣرﻓــق ﻣــن اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪ 15-1-2-3‬ب ﻫﻝ ﻳــﺗم ﺗﺷــﺎطر ﺧﺑـر‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻣﻳﺎ؟‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ً‬ ‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺿون ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ؟‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظ ــﺎت أو إﻳﺿــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣ ــوﻝ اﻷﺳ ــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـ ـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣ ــﻊ ذﻛ ــر أي أﻧﺷ ــطﺔ ذات ﺻ ــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛ ــون‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ وﺗﻌﻣﻝ‬ ‫‪ ‬آﻟﻳﺎت اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟطوار‬ ‫‪1-1-4‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠــدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳر‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ‬ ‫ع طـوار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ اﻟﻣـوارد اﻟﻼزﻣــﺔ ﻟﻼﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳـرﻳﻌﺔ أﺛﻧــﺎء وﻗــو‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﻟﺿــﻣﺎن اﻟﻘﻳــﺎدة واﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫اءات اﻹدارﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟطـوار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻹﺟر‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎت اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟطوار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳوﺟد ﻣرﻛز ﻗﻳﺎدة ﻋﺎﻣﻝ ﻣﺧﺻص ﻟﻌﻣﻠﻳﺎت اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫ئ )ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ذﻟــك ﺗﻔﻌﻳــﻝ ﺧطــﺔ اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ( ﻟﺣﺎﻟــﺔ‬ ‫ة اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠطـوار‬ ‫اءات إدار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ إﺟـر‬ ‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ئ ﺻﺣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ اﻹﺛﻧﻲ ﻋﺷر ﺷﻬ ا‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﺗﻣرﻳن ﻳﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ طوار‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ئ )ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟــك آﻟﻳــﺔ ﺗﻔﻌﻳــﻝ ﺧطــﺔ اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ( ﺑﻌــد‬ ‫ة اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠطوار‬ ‫اءات إدار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﻘﻳﻳم إﺟر‬ ‫ئ ﺻﺣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﺗﻣرﻳن ﻳﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ طوار‬ ‫ئ ﺑﻌد اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺣﺎﻟــﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻳــﺔ أو ﺗﻣـرﻳن ﻳﺣــﺎﻛﻲ‬ ‫ة اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠطوار‬ ‫اءات إدار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث إﺟر‬ ‫ئ ﺻﺣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ طوار‬ ‫‪1-1-1-4‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-4‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-4‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-4‬‬ ‫‪ 5-1-1-4‬أ‬ ‫‪ 5-1-1-4‬ب‬ ‫*‬

‫)‪(40‬‬

‫ة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬

‫اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1-4‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬

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‫ئ ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ئ ﻫﻧﺎ ﺗﺷﻳر إﻟﻰ اﻟطوار‬ ‫)‪ (40‬اﻟطوار‬

‫صفحة ‪ 11‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ِ‬ ‫ﻓــرق‬ ‫‪6-1-1-4‬‬ ‫ﻋﻣوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ة ﻟﻧﺷــر أﻋﺿــﺎء ﻓــرق اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫اءات ﻋﻣــﻝ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳــﺔ‪ /‬أو دﻻﺋــﻝ إرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ ﺟــﺎﻫز‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك إﺟ ـر‬ ‫‪7-1-1-4‬‬ ‫اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﺗ ــم ﺗ ــدرﻳب اﻟﻌ ــﺎﻣﻠﻳن )ﺑﻣ ــن ﻓ ــﻳﻬم أﻋﺿ ــﺎء ﻓ ــرق اﻻﺳ ــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳـ ـرﻳﻌﺔ( ﻋﻠ ــﻰ ﺟﻣ ــﻊ اﻟﻌﻳﻧ ــﺎت‬ ‫‪8-1-1-4‬‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك دﻻﺋﻝ إرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﺗدﺑﻳر اﻟﺣﺎﻻت ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪9-1-1-4‬‬ ‫)‪(42‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-4‬‬ ‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻣﻧﻬﺟﻲ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ )ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﺣﺳن اﻟﺗوﻗﻳت وﺟودة اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ(؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬ ‫)‪(43‬‬ ‫‪11-1-1-4‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﻣﻛن ﻧﺷر ﻓرق اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳـرﻳﻌﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌــددة اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻــﺎت ﺧــﻼﻝ ‪ 48‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ ﻣــن ورود‬ ‫)‪(44‬‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼغ اﻷوﻝ ﻋن أﺣد اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ ؟‬ ‫اﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ أو‬ ‫ى ﻣــن أﺟــﻝ ﺗطــوﻳر ﻗــدر‬ ‫اف أﺧــر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻋــرض اﻟﻘطــر ﻣﺳــﺎﻋدة دوﻝ أط ـر‬ ‫‪12-1-1-4‬‬ ‫ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ ﺗداﺑﻳر اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(45‬‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ اﻟﻌدوى‬ ‫‪2-4‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ة وﺗﻌﻣــﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻟوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻌــدوى وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬــﺎ ﻣﺗ ـواﻓر‬ ‫‪1-2-4‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ داﺧﻝ اﻟﻘطر؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﺳﻧﺎد ﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳﺔ ﺗرﺻد اﻟﻌدوى اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺎﻟر‬ ‫‪1-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﺳﻧﺎد ﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳﺔ ﺗرﺻد اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻟﻣﺿﺎدات اﻟﻣﻛروﺑﺎت داﺧﻝ اﻟﻘطر؟‬ ‫‪2-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳﺔ أو ﺧطﺔ ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺔ وطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻌدوى وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫‪3-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻻت اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻌــدوى‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳــﺔ واﻟــدﻻﺋﻝ اﻻرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﺑروﺗوﻛــو‬ ‫ﻫﻝ إﺟـر‬ ‫‪4-1-2-4‬‬ ‫وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎت؟‬ ‫اﻟﺛﺎﻟﺛﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳوﺟد ﺑﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎت اﻟر‬ ‫‪5-1-2-4‬‬ ‫اءات ﻣﺣــددة‬ ‫واﺟـر‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻳﻧﺔ‬ ‫(‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎطق‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬ ‫(‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻﻳﺔ‬ ‫)‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫)‪(46‬‬ ‫اءات اﺣﺗ ا‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣرﺿــﻰ اﻟــذﻳن ﺗﺳــﺗﻠزم ﺣــﺎﻻﺗﻬم إﺟ ـر‬ ‫ﻟر‬ ‫رزﻳــﺔ ﻟﻠﻌــزﻝ اﻟﻧــوﻋﻲ ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟــدﻻﺋﻝ‬ ‫اﻻرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ أو اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻣﻬﻧﻳــون ﻣؤﻫﻠــون ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ اﻟوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻌــدوى وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ ﺟﻣﻳــﻊ ﻣﺳﺗﺷــﻔﻳﺎت‬ ‫‪6-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻟﺛﻳﺔ )اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻﻳﺔ(؟‬ ‫اﻟر‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ)‪(47‬؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗواﻋد أو دﻻﺋﻝ إرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ ﻣﺣددة ﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﻣوظﻔﻲ اﻟر‬ ‫‪7-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﻧﻔذ ﺧطط ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ اﻟﻌدوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻘطر ﺑﺄﻛﻣﻠﻪ؟‬ ‫‪8-1-2-4‬‬ ‫)‪(48‬‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺗرﺻــد ﺑــﻳن اﻟﻔﺋــﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻳــﺔ اﻻﺧﺗطــﺎر ﻣــن أﺟــﻝ اﻻﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻟﺳ ـرﻳﻊ ﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋــﺎت‬ ‫‪9-1-2-4‬‬ ‫اض ﻏﻳ ــر‬ ‫اض ﻣﻌدﻳ ــﺔ واﺳﺗﻘﺻ ــﺎء ﺣ ــﺎﻻﺗﻬم‪ ،‬وﻛ ــذﻟك اﻛﺗﺷ ــﺎف اﻷﻣـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﺿ ــﻰ اﻟﻣﺻ ــﺎﺑﻳن ﺑ ــﺄﻣر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌروﻓﺔ اﻷﺳﺑﺎب ﺑﻳن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن اﻟﺻﺣﻳﻳن؟‬ ‫ئ ﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺳ ـرﻳﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﺷــﻛﻝ ﺣﺎﻟــﺔ ط ـوار‬ ‫)‪(41‬‬

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‫)‪ (41‬ﻓرﻳق اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ ﻫو ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻷﺷﺧﺎص ﻣﺗﻌددي اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت‪ /‬ﻣﺗﻌددي اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻﺎت ا اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻌدﻳن ﻟﻼﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣــدار اﻟ ـ ‪ 24‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫زﻟــﺔ‬ ‫وا ا‬ ‫)اﻟﻣرﻓــق ‪ 1‬أ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣــﺎدة اﻟﺳﺎدﺳــﺔ( ﻟﺣــدث ﻣــن أﺣــداث اﻟطـوار‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫــم ﻣــدرﺑون ﻋﻠــﻰ اﺳﺗﻘﺻــﺎء اﻟﻔﺎﺷـﻳﺎت وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣــﺔ اﻟﻌــدوى ٕ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻠــوث‪ ،‬وﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺗﻌﺑﺋــﺔ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ‪ ،‬وﺟﻣــﻊ اﻟﻌﻳﻧــﺎت وﻧﻘﻠﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﻘﺻــﺎء وﺗــدﺑﻳر اﻷﺣ ــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﺳــب ﻣــﺎ ﻳﻘﺗﺿــﻲ اﻷﻣ ــر‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﻘﺻ ـﺎء‬ ‫ﻩ اﻟﻘطر اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪ .‬وﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﺗﻛوﻳن اﻟﻔرﻳق‪ ،‬ﻓﻳﻘرر‬ ‫اﻷﺣداث اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ وﺗدﺑﻳر‬ ‫)‪ (42‬ﺣﺳن اﻟﺗوﻗﻳت ﻫﻧﺎ ﻫو اﻟوﻗت ﻣﺎ ﺑﻳن اﻛﺗﺷﺎف اﻟﺣدث واﻟﺑدء ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻣوﺻﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ أﻗﻝ ﻣن ‪ 48‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (43‬ﻗد ﺗﺗطﻠب اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺑﻌض اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ أﻛﺛر ﺳر‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ و‪/‬أو اﻟطﺑﻳﻌــﺔ ﻏﻳــر‬ ‫ات اﻟﺧطﻳ ـر‬ ‫اض ﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻣرﻓق ‪ ،1‬ﻓــﺈن اﻟﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ ﺗﺗﺿــﻣن اﻟﺗــﺄﺛﻳر‬ ‫)‪ (44‬ﻷﻏ ـر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ أو ﻏﻳر اﻟﻣﺗوﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﺣﺗﻣﺎﻻت اﻧﺗﺷﺎر‬ ‫اﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬اﻷﻧﺷطﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺗﺎح ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﻳز‬

‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣرﻓــق اﻟﺻــﺣﻲ‪ .‬اﻟﺑرﻧــﺎﻣﺞ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳــﻲ ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻌــدوى وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬــﺎ )اﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻــﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠون اﻟﻣــدرﺑون‪،‬‬ ‫ة ﻣرﺗﻛـز‬ ‫)‪ (45‬ﺗﻌﺗﺑر ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫)‪ (46‬ﺗﺗﺿﻣن ﺑﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌزﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ ﻣﺧﺻﺻﺔ )ﻣﺛﻼ‪ :‬ﻏرﻓﺔ أو ﺟﻧﺎح ﻣﻔرد(‪ ،‬وﻋدد ﻛﺎف ﻣن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن‪ ،‬وﻣﻌدات ﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ ﻟﺗدﺑﻳر ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻌدوى‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (47‬ﻣن اﻟﻌدوى اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺎﻟر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 12‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻣﻧﺗظم ﻟﺗداﺑﻳر ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ اﻟﻌدوى وﻓﺎﻋﻠﻳﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺗداﺑﻳر‪ ،‬وﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم ﻧﺷــر ﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ ﻫــذا‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬ ‫‪10-1-2-4‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﻧﺷﺎء ﻧظﺎم ﻟرﺻد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻣﺿﺎدات اﻟﻣﻛروﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪11-1-2-4‬‬ ‫‪12 -1-2-4‬أ ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ ﻧظﺎم ﻋﺎﻣﻝ ﻟرﺻد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻣﺿﺎدات اﻟﻣﻛروﺑﺎت؟‬ ‫‪12-1-2-4‬ب ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺣوﻝ ﺣﺟم واﺗﺟﺎﻫﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻣﺿﺎدات اﻟﻣﻛروﺑﺎت؟‬ ‫‪13-1-2-4‬‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ وطﻧﻲ)‪ (49‬ﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﻣوظﻔﻲ اﻟر‬ ‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑــط( ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑــﺄي وﺛــﺎﺋق ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫‬‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظ ــﺎت أو إﻳﺿــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣ ــوﻝ اﻷﺳ ــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـ ـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣ ــﻊ ذﻛ ــر أي أﻧﺷ ــطﺔ ذات ﺻ ــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛ ــون‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻻدة‪ ،‬اﻟﻣرﺿﻰ اﻟذﻳن ﻳﻌﺎﻟﺟون ﺑﻣﺛﺑطﺎت اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻋــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣرﺿــﻰ‬ ‫ة‪ ،‬ﺣدﻳﺛو اﻟو‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻣرﻛز‬ ‫)‪ (48‬ﺗﺗﺿﻣن اﻟﻔﺋﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ اﻻﺧﺗطﺎر ﻣرﺿﻰ وﺣدة اﻟر‬ ‫ز واﻻﻟﺗﻬــﺎب اﻟﻛﺑــدي‬ ‫)‪ (49‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك اﻟﺗداﺑﻳر اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﻳﺔ واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﻣﻘدﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن اﻟﺻﺣﻳﻳن‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻝ‪ :‬ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺗطﻌﻳم ﺿــد اﻻﻧﻔﻠــوﻧ ا‬ ‫ات" ﺑﻳن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن‪ ،‬أو رﺻد اﻟﺣوادث أو اﻷﺣداث أو اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎت )اﻟﻔﺎﺷﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻌدوى(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺗﺳﺑﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫ﻫم‪.‬‬ ‫ئ اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺑون ﺑﺣﺎﻻت ﻋدوى ﻏﻳر ﻋﺎدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ﻗﺳم اﻟطوار‬

‫اف "ﺣــﺎﻻت اﻟﻌــدوى‬ ‫اض اﻟﻣﻬﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟﻠﻣــوظﻔﻳن ﻻﺳــﺗﻌر‬ ‫اﻣﺞ ﺗرﺻــد ﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻــﺣﺔ واﻷﻣـر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌــﺎﻣﻠﻳن اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﻳن‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻣــﺎت اﻟوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﺷﺧﺻــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑـر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 13‬من ‪33‬‬

‫)‪(50‬‬

‫اﻟﺗﺄﻫب‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1-5‬‬ ‫‪1-1-5‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﻫب ﻟطوار‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻـ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳـ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌـ ــددة اﻻﺧطـ ــﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺧطـ ــﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳـ ــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺄﻫـ ــب ﻟط ـ ـوار‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌ ﱠ‬ ‫دة وﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذﻫﺎ‬

‫ي ﺗﻘﻳ ــﻳم‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ أﺟ ــر‬

‫‪1-1-1-5‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-5‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-5‬‬ ‫‪ 4-1-1-5‬أ‬ ‫‪ 4-1-1-5‬ب‬ ‫‪5-1-1-5‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-5‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-5‬‬

‫*‬

‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم إﻋــداد ﺧطــﺔ وطﻧﻳــﺔ‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ اﻷﺧطــﺎر ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﺗﺿــﻣن اﻟﺧطــﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ طـوار‬

‫*‬

‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ وﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ؟‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ظــﻝ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ‪ /‬اﺧﺗﺑــﺎر اﻟﺧطــﺔ )اﻟﺧطــط( اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ ط ـوار‬ ‫ئ ﻓﻌﻠﻳﺔ أو ﺗﻣﺎرﻳن ﺗﺣﺎﻛﻳﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ طوار‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث اﻟﺧطﺔ )اﻟﺧطط( اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ طوار‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ ﻹﻋ ـ ــﺎدة ﺗﺧﺻ ـ ــﻳص اﻟﻣـ ـ ـوارد أو ﺣﺷ ـ ــدﻫﺎ ﻣ ـ ــن‬ ‫اءات أو ﺧط ـ ــط أو اﺳ ـ ــﺗر‬ ‫ﻫ ـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ـ ــﺎك إﺟـ ـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟدﻋم اﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳﺔ ‪ /‬اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ ﻹﻋ ــﺎدة ﺗﺧﺻ ــﻳص اﻟﻣـ ـوارد أو ﺣﺷ ــدﻫﺎ ﻣ ــن‬ ‫اءات أو ﺧط ــط أو اﺳ ــﺗر‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳـ ـﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳ ــذ إﺟـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟدﻋم اﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳﺔ‪ /‬اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺈﻋــﺎدة ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص اﻟﻣـوارد أو‬ ‫اءات أو اﻟﺧطــط أو اﻻﺳــﺗر‬ ‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹﺟـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــﺗم ﻣر‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺣدﻳﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗــوﻓﻳر اﻟــدﻋم اﻹﺿــﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﺻــدي ﻟط ـوار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ة؟‬ ‫وطﻧﻳﺎ ودوﻟﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗواﻓر‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ﺣﺷدﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ودون اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟدﻋم اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳــﺔ‪/‬‬

‫‪8-1-1-5‬‬

‫*‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ طوار‬ ‫)‪ (50‬اﻻﺳﺗﻌداد ﻟﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫رﻓــق اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌــدات واﻟﻣﺳــﺗﻠزﻣﺎت اﻟرﺋﻳﺳــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠﻳن‪ ،‬وﻣﺻــﺎدر اﻟﺗﻣوﻳــﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (51‬ﻣــﺛﻼ ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﻣواﻗــﻊ اﻟﺑﻧﻳــﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣ ا‬ ‫ات‪ ،‬واﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻼﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺎﻋدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻧﻘﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫اء‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌدات‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫واﻟﺧﺑر‬ ‫)‪ (52‬ﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﻳﺗﻔق ﻣﻊ ظروف اﻟﻘطر )اﺗﺣﺎدي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻝ ﺣﻛوﻣﺔ ﻣرﻛزﻳﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 14‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗــوﻓﻳر اﻟــدﻋم اﻹﺿــﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﺻــدي ﻟط ـوار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم اﺧﺗﺑــﺎر اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ واﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﻣــن ﺧــﻼﻝ ﺗﻣـرﻳن أو ﺣــدث ﻓﻌﻠــﻲ )ﻣــﺛﻼ‪ :‬ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫إطﺎر ﺧطط اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ(؟‬

‫‪9-1-1-5‬‬

‫*‬

‫ات ﻟﺗــوﻓﻳر‬ ‫ئ‪ ،‬وﻓــﻲ ﺣﺷــد اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ات وﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻘطــر ﻓــﻲ ﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻟطـوار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗوﺛﻳق ﺗﺟﺎرب وﺧﺑر‬ ‫اﻟدﻋم اﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ؟‬ ‫ات ﻟﺗــوﻓﻳر‬ ‫ئ وﻓــﻲ ﺣﺷــد اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ات وﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻘطر ﻓﻲ ﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻟطـوار‬ ‫ة ﺗﺟﺎرب وﺧﺑر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﺗم ﻣﺷﺎطر‬ ‫اﻟدﻋم اﻹﺿﺎﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫ة اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر واﻟﻣوارد ﻟﻼﺳﺗﻌداد ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫إدار‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺧــﺎطر اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳــﺔ ﻣﻌروﻓــﺔ واﻟﻣ ـوارد ﻣﺣــددة وﻳــﺗم‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪2-5‬‬ ‫‪1-2-5‬‬

‫‪ 10-1-1-5‬أ‬ ‫‪ 10-1-1-5‬ب‬

‫*‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫‪1-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪2-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪3-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪4-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪5-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪6-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪7-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪8-1-2-5‬‬ ‫‪9-1-2-5‬‬ ‫*‬

‫ى اﻟــذﻳن ﻳﻣﻛــﻧﻬم دﻋــم ﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ‬ ‫اء ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ واﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت اﻷﺧــر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك دﻟﻳﻝ أو ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﺧﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اف اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗواﺟــﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺳــﺗﻌر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳ ــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧ ــﺎطر ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ ﺑ ــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫)‪(55‬‬ ‫)‪(53‬‬

‫اء ﺗﻘﻳﻳم وطﻧــﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧــﺎطر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم إﺟر‬ ‫)‪(54‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻷﻛﺛر اﺣﺗﻣﺎﻻ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻷﺣداث؟‬

‫ﻫ ــﻝ اﻟﻣـ ـوارد اﻟوطﻧﻳ ــﺔ ﻣﺣ ــددة ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻔﺻ ــﻳﻝ‬

‫اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﻋداد ﻣرﺗﺳﻣﺎت وطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر واﻟﻣوارد؟‬

‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬

‫*‬

‫ي ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم ﻣﻧــﺗظم ﻟﻠﻣـوارد اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳــﺔ ﻣــن أﺟــﻝ اﺳــﺗﻳﻌﺎب‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫؟‬ ‫)‪(56‬‬

‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻣﻧﺗظم ﻟﻠﻣرﺗﺳم اﻟوطﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر واﻟﻣوارد‪ ،‬ﻻﺳﺗﻳﻌﺎب اﻟﺗﻬدﻳدات اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟدة؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻟﺗﻬدﻳدات اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟدة؟‬ ‫ة وﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﺧزوﻧﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺧطﺔ ﻹدار‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻫــﻝ اﻟﻣﺧزوﻧــﺎت )اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟﺣرﺟــﺔ ﻣــن اﻟﻣﺧــزون( اﻟﻼزﻣــﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ة وﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫ئ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟطوار‬ ‫واﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻻﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺳﻬم اﻟﻘطر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺧزوﻧﺎت اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ)‪(57‬؟‬

‫*‬

‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اض‪ ،‬وﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻐذاء أو اﻟﻣﻳﺎﻩ اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫اض‪ ،‬وأﻧﻣﺎط اﻻﻧﺗﺷﺎر اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ ﻟﻸﻣر‬ ‫)‪ (53‬ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻟﻔﺣص اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬وأﻧﻣﺎط ﻓﺎﺷﻳﺎت اﻷﻣر‬ ‫)‪"" (54‬ﺗﺗﺿــﻣن ﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر اﻷﺣ ــداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ اﻟﺗ ــﺄﺛﻳر اﻟﺧطﻳــر ﻋﻠـ ـﻰ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ــﺔ و‪/‬أو اﻟطﺑﻳﻌ ــﺔ ﻏﻳ ــر اﻟﻌﺎدﻳــﺔ أو ﻏﻳ ــر اﻟﻣﺗوﻗﻌــﺔ ﻣ ــﻊ ارﺗﻔــﺎع اﺣﺗﻣ ــﺎﻝ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﺷﺎر"‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (55‬أﻧظر اﻟﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ رﻗم ‪ 51‬أﻋﻼﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ان اﻟﻣﺧزون‪ ،‬ظروف اﻟﺗﺧزﻳن اﻟﺳﻠﻳﻣﺔ ﻟﻸدوﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺻﻳدﻟﻳﺎت واﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻳﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺷﺗﻰ أﻧﺣﺎء اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (56‬دور‬

‫)‪" (57‬اﻟﻣﺧزون اﻟدوﻟﻲ" ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ﻛﻼ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧزون اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻲ واﻟﻣﺧزون اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﻣواﺟﻬﺔ ﻓﺎﺷﻳﺔ ﺣﻘﻳﻘﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 15‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت أو إﻳﺿــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ذﻛــر أي أﻧﺷــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬

‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻳﻛون اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬ ‫اءات ﺑﺷﺄن اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺔ واﻹﺟر‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣوﺟــودة‬ ‫‪ ‬آﻟﻳــﺎت اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ اﻟﻔﻌــﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻣﺧــﺎطر أﺛﻧــﺎء طـوار‬ ‫وﺗﻌﻣﻝ‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪1-6‬‬ ‫‪1-1-6‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫‪1-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪5-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-6‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‬ ‫*‬

‫ي ﺗﺣدﻳﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺗظﺎم ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻺﻋﻼم واﻟﺟﻣﻬور ﺣﺗــﻰ ﻳﻣﻛــن ﺑــث‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺟر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻠك اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت وﻧﺷر‬ ‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك ﻣ ـ ـواد ذات ﺻـ ــﻠﺔ )ﻣﻌﻠوﻣـ ــﺎت‪ ،‬ﺗوﻋﻳـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬اﺗﺻـ ــﺎﻻت( ﻣﺻـ ــﻣﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺷـ ــﻛﻝ اﻟـ ــذي ﻳﻠﺑ ـ ـﻲ‬ ‫‪ ،‬وﻫﻝ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(61‬‬

‫*‬

‫اﺣﺗﻳﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺳﻛﺎن‬

‫اﺗﻬم داﺧﻝ اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫اﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ‪ ،‬وأﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن وﻗدر‬ ‫)‪ (58‬ﺗﺗﺿﻣن اﻟﺧطﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻝ اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫ع‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻘق ﻣن ﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣن ﻗﺑﻝ ﻣﻬﻧﻳﻳن ﻋﻠﻣﻳﻳن وﺗﻘﻧﻳﻳن ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻝ اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت‪ ،‬ﻗﺑﻝ اﻟﺗﺻرﻳﺢ ﺑﻧﺷر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت أﺛﻧﺎء وﻗو‬ ‫)‪ (59‬اﻹﺟر‬ ‫أﺣداث ﺗﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (60‬ﻗد ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك ﻣوﻗﻌﺎً‪ /‬ﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻧﺗرﻧت )ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ(‪ ،‬اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑث إذاﻋﻲ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻻﻗﺗﺿــﺎء‪،‬‬ ‫وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 16‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ة ﻟطوار‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﺳﻛﺎن واﻟﺷرﻛﺎء‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺛﻼث اﻷﺧﻳر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺧطر ﻓﻌﻠــﻲ أو ﻣﺣﺗﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ ﻏﺿــون اﻟﺳــﺎﻋﺎت اﻷرﺑــﻊ واﻟﻌﺷـرﻳن‬ ‫ئ؟‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻠت ﺗﺄﻛﻳد ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟطوار‬ ‫ئ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻳﺷــﻣﻝ‬ ‫ات اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﺑﻌــد ﺣــدوث اﻟطـوار‬ ‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺟر‬ ‫وﻣدى ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت؟‬ ‫)‪(62‬‬

‫‪7-1-1-6‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪8-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪9-1-1-6‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-6‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﺣﺳن اﻟﺗوﻗﻳت‪ ،‬واﻟﺷﻔﺎﻓﻳﺔ‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم اﺳﺗﺧدام ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﺎت ﻟﺗﺣدﻳث ﺧطﺔ اﻹﺑﻼغ ﻋن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﺷــﺎطر ﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣــﺎت ﺟﻬــود اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺗﺑﻠﻳــﻎ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر ﻣــﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣــﻊ اﻟــدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬أﺛﻧــﺎء‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ع ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣن ﺣﺎﻻت طوار‬ ‫وﻗو‬

‫*‬

‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت أو إﻳﺿــﺎﺣﺎت ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أﻋــﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ذﻛــر أي أﻧﺷــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺄﻣــﻝ إدر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻳﻛون اﻟﻘطر ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ وأﺧــذﻫﺎ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺣﺳــﺑﺎن‪ ،‬وﻳﺷــﻣﻝ ذﻟــك اﻟﻔﺋــﺎت‬ ‫اد‪ ،‬واﻟﺷــرﻛﺎء واﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌــﺎت اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺗــﺄﺛر ﺑط ـوار‬ ‫اء وﻣﻼﺣظــﺎت اﻷﻓ ـر‬ ‫رﻋــﺎة آر‬ ‫)‪ (61‬ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ ﻣ ا‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻔﺋﺎت اﻟﻣﻌرﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻛﺎﻧﻳﺔ اﻷﻛﺛر ﻋرﺿﺔ‪ ،‬واﻷﻗﻠﻳﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻔﺋﺎت اﻟﻣﺣروﻣﺔ وﻏﻳر‬

‫اﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺔ واﻟﺗواﺻﻝ واﻟﻣﺳﺎءﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﻌﻧﻰ أن ﺗﺗﺳم ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺗﻬــدد اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻـر‬ ‫)‪ (62‬ﺗﻘﺗﺿﻲ اﻟﺷﻔﺎﻓﻳﺔ ﻫﻧﺎ اﻟﺻر‬ ‫ﺑﺣرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫وأن ﺗﻛون ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﱢ‬

‫صفحة ‪ 17‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ات اﻟﻣوارد اﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗدر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣوارد اﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗدر‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ة ﻟﺗﻠﺑﻳــﺔ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻟﻣـوارد اﻟﺑﺷـرﻳﺔ ﻣﺗـواﻓر‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪1-7‬‬ ‫‪1-1-7‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬

‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠ ـدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳر‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣوارد اﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻼزﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳد وﺣدة ﻣﺎ ﺗﻛون ﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ ﻋن ﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﻗدر‬ ‫)‪(63‬‬

‫ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫‪1-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪5-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-7‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-7‬‬

‫*‬

‫ات ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣـوارد اﻟﺑﺷـرﻳﺔ أو ﻓــﻲ ﺗــدرﻳﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫اء ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻟﻼﺣﺗﻳﺎﺟﺎت ﻟﻠﺗﻌــرف ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺛﻐـر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﺟر‬ ‫ﻟﺗﻠﺑﻳﺔ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺧطــﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳــﺔ أو ﺗــدرﻳب ﻗــوة اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت ﻣــن اﻟﻣـوارد اﻟﺑﺷـرﻳﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣــﺔ‬

‫*‬

‫ﻟﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫اﺗﻬم‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺳــﻘﺎً ﻣــﻊ اﻟﻣﻌــﺎﻟم‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ اﻟﺗﻘدم ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﺑﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﻣن ﺣﻳث أﻋداد ﻗوة اﻟﻌﻣﻝ وﻣﻬــﺎر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﺻوﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗدرﻳب ﻣﻳداﻧﻲ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ اﻟوﺑﺎﺋﻳــﺎت )ﻟﻣــدة‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﻋداد ﺧطﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﺳﺗر‬ ‫ي‪ ،‬أو اﻹﻗﻠﻳﻣﻲ‪ ،‬أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫ﺳﻧﺔ أو أﻛﺛر(‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻘطر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ـﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﺻــوﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗــدرﻳب ﻣﻳــداﻧﻲ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﺧطــﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻻﺳــﺗر‬ ‫ي‪ ،‬أو اﻹﻗﻠﻳﻣﻲ‪ ،‬أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫اﻟوﺑﺎﺋﻳﺎت )ﻟﻣدة ﺳﻧﺔ أو أﻛﺛر(‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻘطر‬

‫*‬

‫اﻟﻣوﺿوﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧطﺔ اﻟﺗدرﻳب؟‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫اﻧﻳﺎت‪ ،‬ﻟﺗدرﻳب ﻗوة اﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺟــﺎﻝ اﻷﺧطــﺎر ذات‬ ‫اﻣﺞ ﻣﺣددة‪ ،‬ﺗﺧﺻص ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻳز‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫*‬

‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑــط( ﻋﻧـوان ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑــﺄي وﺛــﺎﺋق ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظﺎت أو إﻳﺿﺎﺣﺎت ﺣوﻝ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟواردة أﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ذﻛر أي أﻧﺷــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛــون اﻟﻘطــر‬ ‫ﻧﺄﻣﻝ إدر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ى ﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو أي ﺗداﺑﻳر أﺧر‬ ‫اء‪ ،‬أو ﻣر‬ ‫اء ﺧﺑر‬ ‫)‪ (63‬ﻳﺗﺿﻣن ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻻﺣﺗﻳﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺗدرﻳﺑﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﻣﻳم اﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬أو ﺗواﻓق آر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 18‬من ‪33‬‬

‫)‪(64‬‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠ ـدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳر‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ات اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻــﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑــر )ﻣــﺛﻼ اﻟﺗــرﺧﻳص واﻻﻋﺗﻣــﺎد‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻘــق ﻣــن ﺟــودة اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫وﻏﻳر ذﻟك(؟‬ ‫ة؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر ‪ /‬اﻟدﻻﺋﻝ اﻻرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﺟودة اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳﺔ ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫ات اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟﺗﻠﺑﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻــﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳدﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻣﺗــﺎح ﻟﺑﻠــدك اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﺑﺷــﺑﻛﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑـر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر‪ ،‬ودﻋم اﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎءات اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣرﻓق ‪ 2‬ﻣن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺗﻠﺑﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑــﺎت اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻــﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳدﻳــﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑــر‬ ‫ات ﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ وطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻗــﺎدر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻗــدر‬ ‫اض ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺎﻷﻣر‬ ‫)‪(65‬‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ات اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ـ ــﺔ واﻟﺧﺎﺻ ـ ــﺔ اﻟﺗ ـ ــﻲ ﺗﺗـ ـ ـواﻓر ﻓﻳﻬ ـ ــﺎ اﻟﻘ ـ ــدر‬ ‫ﻫ ـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ـ ــﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣ ـ ــﺔ ﺣدﻳﺛ ـ ــﺔ ﺑ ـ ــﺎﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻﻳﺔ ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫ات اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ واﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫)‪(66‬‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﻧﺟﺎح ﻓﻲ أﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻳــﻳم اﻟﺧــﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﺟــودة ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﺷﺎرك اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫)‪(67‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫ات اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻﻳﺔ ﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻﺎت اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟرﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ ؟‬ ‫ة‪ ،‬ﺑﺧــﻼف اﻟﺷــﻠﻝ اﻟرﺧــو اﻟﺣــﺎد‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ اﻟﺳــﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻔﺣــص ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺣــﺎﻝ أﻛﺛــر ﻣــن ‪ 10‬ﻋﻳﻧــﺎت ﺧطـر‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫ات ﻣرﺟﻌﻳﺔ وطﻧﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(68‬‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻳــﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻣﻌﺗﻣــدة طﺑﻘــﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ أو طﺑﻘــﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑ ـر‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣدة ﻣن اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗواﻓــق ﻣــﻊ اﻟــدﻻﺋﻝ اﻹرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣطﱠ‬ ‫ﺑﻘــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻣــﺎ ﻳﺗﻌﻠــق‬ ‫ﺑﺗﻐﻠﻳف وﻧﻘﻝ اﻟﻌﻳﻧﺎت اﻟﺳرﻳرﻳﺔ )اﻹﻛﻠﻳﻧﻳﻛﻳﺔ(؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻧظﺎم ﻋﺎﻣﻝ)‪ (69‬ﻟﺟﻣﻊ وﺗﻐﻠﻳف وﻧﻘﻝ اﻟﻌﻳﻧﺎت اﻟﺳرﻳرﻳﺔ )اﻹﻛﻠﻳﻧﻳﻛﻳﺔ(؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ أدوات ﺟﻣﻊ وﻧﻘﻝ اﻟﻌﻳﻧﺎت ﻣﻌ ﱠ‬ ‫دة إﻋداداً ﻣﺳﺑﻘﺎً وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻌﺑﺋﺔ اﻟﻔورﻳﺔ ﻋﻧــد‬ ‫ع ﺣدث ﻣن أﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫وﻗو‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗــدرﻳب اﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠﻳن ﺳـواء ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ أو ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻳﺎت ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ ﻣــﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺧﺗص ﺑﺎﻟﺷﺣن اﻟﻣﺄﻣون ﻟﻠﻣواد اﻟﻣﻌدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ )‪(ICAO/IATA‬؟‬ ‫‪1-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪ 5-1-1-8‬أ‬ ‫‪ 5-1-1-8‬ب‬ ‫‪6-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪8-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪9-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪11-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪12-1-1-8‬‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫ات اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘ ـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻬدﻳ ـ ــدات اﻟﺻ ـ ــﺣﻳﺔ ذات‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻟﺧ ـ ــدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳ ـ ــﺔ ﻟﻼﺧﺗﺑ ـ ــﺎر‬ ‫ة‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗواﻓر‬

‫ات اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬

‫اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪1-8‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ة ‪) 6‬ب( اﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﻟﺗﻘدﻳم اﻟدﻋم ﻣـن ﺧــﻼﻝ ﻋــﺎﻣﻠﻳن ﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻــﻳن وﺗﺣﻠﻳــﻝ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑــر ﻟﻠﻌﻳﻧــﺎت )ﻣﺣﻠﻳــﺎ أو ﻋــن طرﻳــق‬ ‫)‪ (64‬اﻟﻣرﻓق ‪ ، 1‬اﻟﻔﻘر‬ ‫اﻛز ﻣﺗﻌﺎوﻧﺔ(‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺳﺎﻋدة اﻟﻠوﺟﺳﺗﻳﺔ )ﻣﺛﻼ اﻟﻣﻌدات‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻧﻘﻝ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣر‬ ‫اﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻣوازﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (65‬ﺑﻘدر‬

‫)‪ (66‬ﺑﻧﺟﺎح ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﺗﻠﺑﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﺣدد ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧظم اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﺟودة‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (68‬اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ :‬أﻳزو ‪ ، 9001‬أﻳزو ‪ ، 17025‬أﻳزو ‪ ،15189‬ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺷﻠﻝ اﻷطﻔﺎﻝ‪ ،‬اﻟﺣﺻﺑﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫)‪ (67‬ﻣﺛﻝ‪ :‬اﻟﻔﻳروﻟوﺟﻳﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﻳﻛروﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻋﻳﺎت‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬

‫ات اﻟﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (69‬ﻋﻳﻧﺎت ﺳﻠﻳﻣﺔ ﺗﺟﻣﻊ وﺗﺣﻔظ ﻓﻲ ظروف ﺟﻳدة وﺗرﺳﻝ إﻟﻰ ا ﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 19‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ى ﻋﻧد اﺳﺗﻘﺻــﺎء ﺣــدث ﻋﺎﺟــﻝ ﻣــن أﺣــداث اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎت ﺷﺣن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻣﻌدﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺟر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﻣﻛــن ﺗﺳــﻠﻳم اﻟﻌﻳﻧــﺎت اﻟﺳـرﻳرﻳﺔ )اﻹﻛﻠﻳﻧﻳﻛﻳــﺔ( اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻘﺻــﺎء ﺣــدث ﻋﺎﺟــﻝ ﻣــن أﺣــداث‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧــﻼﻝ إطــﺎر‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ أو اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻐــرض اﺧﺗﺑﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫زﻣﻧﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﺳب)‪ (70‬ﻣن وﻗت ﺟﻣﻌﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ة‪ ،‬ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻷﻗــﻝ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻧوﻳﺎً‪ ،‬ﺷــﺣﻧﺎً دوﻟﻳ ـﺎً إﻟــﻰ ﻣﺧﺗﺑــر ﻣﺗﻌــﺎون‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم ﺷــﺣن ‪ 10‬ﻋﻳﻧــﺎت ﺧط ـر‬ ‫إطﺎر اﻻﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎء‪ ،‬أو ﻛﺗﻣرﻳن؟‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ واﻷﻣن اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫‪2-8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺣو ﺛﺎﺑت وﻣﺗﺳق‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر ‪ ICAO‬و‪IATA‬؟‬

‫‪13-1-1-8‬‬ ‫‪14-1-1-8‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪15-1-1-8‬‬

‫*‬

‫ة اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎرﺳــﺎت اﻟﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ واﻷﻣــن اﻟﺑﻳوﻟــوﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑــر )إدار‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ)‪ ،((71‬ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ وﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذﻫﺎ‬

‫‪1-2-8‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫ات؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻟدﻻﺋﻝ اﻹرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎت)‪ (72‬اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ـ ــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳ ـ ــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳ ـ ــﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑ ـ ــر‬ ‫ﻫ ـ ــﻝ اﻟﻠـ ـ ـواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳ ـ ــﺎت‪ ،‬أو اﻻﺳ ـ ــﺗر‬ ‫ة؟‬ ‫ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫)‪(73‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﻌﻳﻳن ﻛﻳﺎن ﻣﺳؤوﻝ ﻟﺿﻣﺎن ﺗواﻓر اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ واﻷﻣن اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻋــﺎﻣﻠون ذوي ﺻــﻠﺔ ﻣــدرﺑون ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟــدﻻﺋﻝ اﻻرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﻣن اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺗﺑر؟‬ ‫)‪(74‬‬ ‫ات )ﻳﻣﻛــن أن ﻳﺷــﻣﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﻌﻳﻳن ﻣؤﺳﺳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﺷــﺧص ﻣﺳــؤوﻝ ﻋــن اﻟﺗﻔﺗــﻳش ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑـر‬ ‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻣﻌدات اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ( ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻘق ﻣن ﻣطﺎﺑﻘﺗﻬﺎ ﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم إﺟ ـر‬ ‫ات ﻣــن أﺟــﻝ ﺗوﺟﻳــﻪ وﺗﺣــدﻳث اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ‬ ‫اء ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم ﻟﻠﻣﺧــﺎطر اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ)‪ (75‬ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑ ـر‬ ‫اءات واﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟك إز‬ ‫واﻹﺟر‬ ‫اﻟﺔ اﻟﺗﻠوث وﺗدﺑﻳر اﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﻣﻌدﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑر‬

‫‪1-1-2-8‬‬ ‫‪2-1-2-8‬‬ ‫‪3-1-2-8‬‬ ‫‪4-1-2-8‬‬ ‫‪5-1-2-8‬‬ ‫‪6-1-2-8‬‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫)‪ (70‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ أو اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ئ ﺑﻣﺿــﺎدات اﻟﻔﻳروﺳــﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﺗــداﺑﻳر‬ ‫ات )ﻣﺛــﻝ اﻟﺗﻣﻧﻳــﻊ‪ ،‬اﻟﻌــﻼج اﻟطــﺎر‬ ‫)‪ (72‬ﻳﺷــﻣﻝ ذﻟــك اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت أو اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳــﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺣﻣﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠﻳن ﺑــﺎﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬ ‫ة واﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎت‪ /‬اﻟدﻻﺋﻝ اﻻرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﺗدﺑﻳر اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧطر‬ ‫اﻟﻧوﻋﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺣواﻣﻝ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك( واﻻﺳﺗر‬ ‫اءات ﻋﻣﻝ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫)‪ (74‬ﻟدﻳﻬﺎ ﻣوارد ﻣﺧﺻﺻﺔ‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫)‪" (75‬اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ" ﻫﻲ ﻣﺧﺎطر ﻳﺷﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺗداوﻝ‪ ،‬وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺧزﻳن واﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻣﻌدﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اء‪ ،‬أو ﻟﺟﻧﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (73‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻛون ذﻟك ﻓرﻳﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺧﺑر‬ ‫ة اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر أو ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻌﺎون ﻣﻌﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (71‬إدار‬

‫صفحة ‪ 20‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫)‪(76‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪1-9‬‬ ‫‪1-1-9‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫اﻣﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺗز‬ ‫واﻹﺑﻼغ(‬

‫زﻣ ــﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ــﺔ ﻋﻧ ــد ﻣﻧﺎﻓ ــذ اﻟ ــدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﺳ ــﺗوﻓﺎة )ﺑﻣ ــﺎ ﻳﺷ ــﻣﻝ اﻟﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻻﻟﺗ ا‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ )ﻧﻌــم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف( ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ذﻟك ﻓــﻲ اﻹطــﺎر اﻟﺧــﺎص‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ اﻟﺗرﺻد ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة؟‬ ‫)‪(77‬‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺣددت ﺷروط‬

‫‪1-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫ى( ﻟﺗﻌﻳﻳن ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺣﺛت طرﻳﻘﺔ أﺧر‬ ‫ﻋﻘد اﺟﺗﻣﺎع )أو ُ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ُ‬ ‫ات ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻧﺣــو اﻟﻣﺣــدد ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻣﻠﺣــق ‪1‬‬ ‫ﺑرﻳــﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﱢت ﻣواﻧﺊ ‪ /‬ﻣطــﺎر‬ ‫ﻋ ﻳﻧ‬ ‫ات أو ﻣﻌــﺎﺑر ﱢ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ُ‬ ‫ﻣن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫ة‪ /‬وﺣدة اﻟﺗرﺻد؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺷﺎطر ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺗرﺻد ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣﻊ إدار‬

‫‪2-1-1-9‬‬

‫‪3-1-1-9‬‬

‫‪4-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪ 5-1-1-9‬ﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﻧﺔ )اذﻛر ﻝ ‪ /‬ط إذا ﻟم ﻳﻛن ذﻟك ﻳﻧطﺑق(‬ ‫‬‫ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬‫ات‬ ‫ اﻟﻣطﺎر‬‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫)‪(79‬‬ ‫)‪(78‬‬ ‫‪ 6-1-1-9‬رﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ )أدﻧﺎﻩ( وأن "ﺳﻠطﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ" ﻗد ﺗم ﺗﻌﻳﻳﻧﻬﺎ ؟‬ ‫‬‫ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ ‪ -‬اﻟﻣطﺎر‬ ‫ات واﻟﻣﻌــﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﺳــب ﻣــﺎ ﻳﻧطﺑــق‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳرﺟﻰ إرﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺣدﻳﺛﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻣﺎء ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﻧــﺔ )اﻟﻣـواﻧﺊ واﻟﻣطــﺎر‬ ‫وﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳد ﺳﻠطﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وذﻟك ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻋﻧـوان اﻟﺑرﻳــد اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧــﻲ‪ ihrpag@who.int :‬أو‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺎﻛس رﻗم‪+41227914667 :‬‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم إرﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻣواﻧﺊ)‪ (80‬اﻟﻣﺧــوﻝ ﻟﻬــﺎ ﺗﻘــدﻳم ﺷــﻬﺎدات ﺗﺗﻌﻠــق ﺑﺎﻟوﺿــﻊ اﻟﺻــﺣﻲ ﻟﻠﺳــﻔن‪،‬‬ ‫إﻟــﻰ ﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳ ــﺔ )ﺑﺣﺳ ــب ﻣــﺎ ﻫــو ﻣﺣ ــدد ﻓ ــﻲ اﻟﻣــﺎدة ‪ ،20‬رﻗــم ‪ (3‬إذا ﻛ ــﺎن ذﻟ ــك‬ ‫ﻳﻧطﺑق؟‬ ‫‪7-1-1-9‬‬ ‫*‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧــت اﻹﺟﺎﺑــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ ،‬ﻳرﺟــﻰ إرﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻣواﻧﺊ اﻟﻣﺧــوﻝ ﻟﻬــﺎ ذﻟــك ﻋﻠــﻰ أن ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟﺗوﺣﻳــد‬ ‫ﻻﻳــﺎت اﻟﺟﻧوﺑﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺷــﻬﺎدات اﻹﻋﻔــﺎء‬ ‫ة واﻟﻧﻘــﻝ‪ ،‬وﻣﺟﻠــس ﺗﻧﺳــﻳق اﻟو‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘــﺎﻳﻳس‪ ،‬وﻣدوﻧــﺔ اﻷﻣــم اﻟﻣﺗﺣــدة ﻟﻣواﻗــﻊ اﻟﺗﺟــﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﺈﺻ ــﺣﺎح اﻟﺳ ــﻔن‪ ،‬وﺗﻣدﻳ ــداﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻛ ــﻝ ﻣﻧﻔ ــذ ﻣ ــن ﻣﻧﺎﻓ ــذ اﻟ ــدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬وذﻟ ــك ﻋﻠ ــﻰ ﻋﻧـ ـوان اﻟﺑرﻳ ــد اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧ ــﻲ‬ ‫‪ ihrpag@who.int‬أو ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺎﻛس رﻗم‪+41227914667 :‬‬

‫ات واﻟﻣواﻧﺊ واﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣددة وذﻟك ﻓﻲ اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد اﻟﻣطﺎر‬ ‫)‪ (76‬ر‬ ‫ع ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ )ﻣــﺛﻼ ﻣﻳﻧــﺎء‪ ،‬ﻣطــﺎر‪ ،‬وﻏﻳــر ذﻟــك(‪ ،‬واﻟﺳــﻠطﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻌﻧ ـوان‪ ،‬واﻟﻬــﺎﺗف‪ ،‬واﻟﺑرﻳــد اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧــﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻔ ـﺎﻛس‪،‬‬ ‫اج اﺳــم وﻧــو‬ ‫ﺟــﺎء إدر‬ ‫)‪ (78‬ر‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬وﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ورﻗم ﻣﻧﻔذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣدد اﻟذي ﺗم ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﻪ‪ ،‬واﻋﺗﻣﺎد اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ )أﺳﻣﺎء ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻﻳــﺎت اﻟﺟﻧوﺑﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺷــﻬﺎدات اﻹﻋﻔــﺎء‬ ‫ة واﻟﻧﻘــﻝ‪ ،‬وﻣﺟﻠــس ﺗﻧﺳــﻳق اﻟو‬ ‫اج اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﺗوﺣﻳد اﻟﻣﻘﺎﻳﻳس‪ ،‬وﻣدوﻧﺔ اﻷﻣــم اﻟﻣﺗﺣــدة ﻟﻣواﻗــﻊ اﻟﺗﺟــﺎر‬ ‫ﺟﺎء إدر‬ ‫)‪ (80‬ر‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﺻﺣﺎح اﻟﺳﻔن‪ ،‬وﺗﻣدﻳداﺗﻬﺎ ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﻔذ ﻣن ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣﻊ إرﻓﺎق ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣواﻧﺊ اﻟﻣﺧوﻝ ﻟﻬﺎ ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (79‬وﻛﻣﺎ ﻫو ﻣﺣدد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺎدة ‪ 19‬ب )واﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻬم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺎدة ‪ ،22‬رﻗم ‪ (1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ )‪.(2005‬‬ ‫)‪ (77‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﺣدد ﻣن ﻗﺑﻝ اﻟﺑﻠدان‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 21‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اءات‬ ‫ﻻت‪ ،‬واﻻﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫رﺳـ ــﻳم اﻹدارﻳـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺑروﺗوﻛـ ــو‬ ‫ي ﺗﺣـ ــدﻳث ﻟﻠﺗﺷ ـ ـرﻳﻌﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻠ ـ ـواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣ ا‬ ‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻳﺟـ ــر‬ ‫ﻫــﺎ ﻣــن اﻟﺻــﻛوك اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳــﺔ ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗرﻣــﻲ إﻟــﻰ ﺗﺳــﻬﻳﻝ ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﻠ ـواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻏﻳر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫دﺛــﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻋﻧــد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬وذﻟك ﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬ ‫)‪(81‬‬

‫‪8-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬

‫ي ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟوﺛــﺎﺋق اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة؟‬

‫‪9-1-1-9‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬

‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة)‪(82‬؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬

‫*‬

‫ع إﻟــﻰ اﻟﺳـؤاﻝ ‪5-1-1-9‬‬ ‫ﺟــﺎء اﻟرﺟــو‬ ‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﻬــﺎ )ﺑر‬ ‫‪ 11-1-1-9‬رﺟﺎء ذﻛر ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺟــر‬

‫ﻻ ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ أن ﻳﺗﺟــﺎوز ﻋــدد ﻧﻘــﺎط اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺧﺿــﻊ‬ ‫اﻟـوارد أﻋــﻼﻩ وذﻟــك ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻌــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ ﻓــﻲ ﺑﻠــدك‪ .‬و‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻋدد ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة(‪.‬‬

‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 12-1-1-9‬رﺟﺎء ذﻛر ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﺗﺣدﻳداً ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎ ﺑﻳن اﻟﺑﻠدان ﻟﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫‬‫ات ‪ -‬اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ اﻟﻣطﺎر‬‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫رﺟــﺎء إرﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﻣﺣــددة ﺑﺄﺳــﻣﺎء ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺟــر‬ ‫ى ﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬وﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة ﺗﺣدﻳــداً‬ ‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎ ﺑﻳن اﻟﺑﻠدان ﻟﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وذﻟــك ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻋﻧـوان اﻟﺑرﻳــد اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧــﻲ ‪ ihrpag@who.int‬أو‬ ‫اءات ﻗﺎﺋﻣ ـ ــﺔ‬ ‫ع( واﻟﺗ ـ ــﻲ ﻟ ـ ــدﻳﻬﺎ إﺟـ ـ ـر‬ ‫رﺟ ـ ــﺎء ذﻛ ـ ــر ﻋـــــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓ ـ ــذ اﻟ ـ ــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣ ـ ــددة )ﺑﺣﺳ ـ ــب اﻟﻧ ـ ــو‬ ‫ﻣن اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‬‫)‪(83‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺎﻛس رﻗم ‪+41227914667‬‬ ‫‪13-1-1-9‬‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺗﺻﺎﻻت‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﺣدد واﻟﻣطﻠوب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣرﻓق ‪1‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫اءات ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﺑــﻳن ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك إﺟر‬ ‫اءات اﻟﺗﻧﺳــﻳق واﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﺑــﻳن ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم اﺧﺗﺑــﺎر إﺟ ـر‬

‫اﻓق اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك آﻟﻳﺎت ﻟﺗﺑﺎدﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺑﻳن ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة واﻟﻣر‬

‫‪15-1-1-9‬أ‬ ‫‪15-1-1-9‬ب‬

‫‪14-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ واﻟﺳﻠطﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة وﺑﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت واﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ واﻟﺳﻠطﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة وﺑــﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت واﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻳﺎت ذات‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻠﺔ؟‬

‫ي‪ ،‬واﻟﻘﺳــم اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﺻــﺣﺔ ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫اﻗﺑــﺔ إﺻــﺣﺎح اﻟﺳــﻔن‪ ،‬واﻹﻋــﻼن اﻟﺻــﺣﻲ اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑوﺳــﺎﺋﻝ اﻟﻧﻘــﻝ اﻟﺑﺣــر‬ ‫)‪ (81‬ﺷﻬﺎدة دوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗطﻌﻳم أو ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺷــﻬﺎدة ﻣر‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬وﺟدوﻝ إﻛﺳﻝ‪http://www.who.int/ihr/ports_airports/PoE/en/index.html :‬‬ ‫)‪ (82‬ﻣﺛﻼ ﺑﺄداة ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﺑط‬ ‫رﺑــط اﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ ﺑــﻳن اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ ﻋﻧــد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ واﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺗوﺳــطﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟـر‬ ‫)‪ (83‬ا‬ ‫رﺑــط اﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ‬ ‫اﺑط اﻟﺗواﺻﻝ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻘدﻣﻲ اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‪ ،‬وآﻟﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ ﻟﺑــث اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت واﻟﺗوﺻــﻳﺎت اﻟـواردة ﻣــن ﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬و ا‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ور‬ ‫رﺑــط اﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ ﻣــﻊ اﻟﻣﺳــﺎﻓرﻳن ﺑﺷــﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت ذات‬ ‫اﺑط اﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ ﻣــﻊ ﻣﺷــﻐﻠﻲ اﻟﻣرﻛﺑـﺎت‪ ،‬و ا‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻳداﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﺑﺎﺷر‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻛﺑﺎر اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳن اﻟﺻﺣﻳﻳن اﻵﺧرﻳن‪ ،‬ور‬ ‫ى‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻷﺧر‬ ‫ات‪.‬‬ ‫اﻹﻋﻼن اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠطﺎﺋر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 22‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اءات اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﺑﻳن اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم اﺧﺗﺑﺎر إﺟر‬ ‫ى؟‬ ‫واﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﻠدان اﻷﺧر‬ ‫اءات اﻻﺗﺻ ــﺎﻝ ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗوى اﻟ ــدوﻟﻲ ﺑ ــﻳن اﻟﺳ ــﻠطﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓ ــذ‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻳ ــﺗم ﺗﺣ ــدﻳث إﺟـ ـر‬ ‫ى‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬ ‫اﻟدﺧوﻝ واﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﺔ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﻠدان اﻷﺧر‬ ‫اﻳﺔ أو اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣــﺔ‬ ‫اف ﺣــوﻝ ﺗــوﻗﻲ اﻟﺳـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﻋﻘــد اﺗﻔﺎﻗــﺎت أو ﺗرﺗﻳﺑــﺎت ﺛﻧﺎﺋﻳــﺔ أو ﻣﺗﻌــددة اﻷطـر‬ ‫اض ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة؟‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻸﻣر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻷوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠوب ﺗواﻓر‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫‪2-9‬‬ ‫‪1-2-9‬‬

‫‪ 16-1-1-9‬أ‬ ‫‪16-1-1-9‬ب‬ ‫‪17-1-1-9‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻋﻧد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‬

‫)‪(85‬‬

‫ة واﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ)‪ (84‬ﻗﺎﺋم‬ ‫ات اﻟروﺗﻳﻧﻳﺔ ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻟﻘدر‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫‪1-1-2-9‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺗــﺎح ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة )ﺑﺣﺳب اﻟﻧو‬

‫ﻋﺎﻳــﺔ اﻟﺳـرﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻣرﺿــﻰ ﻣــن‬ ‫رﻓــق اﻟﺗﺷﺧﻳﺻــﻳﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗــوﻓر اﻟﺗﻘﻳــﻳم واﻟر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟــك اﻟﻣ ا‬ ‫ة ﺑﻌــدد ﻛــﺎف وﻣﻼﺋــم ﻣــن اﻟﻌــﺎﻣﻠﻳن‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌــدات‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺑــﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳــﺑﺔ )اﻟﻣرﻓــق‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓرﻳن‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺟﻬز‬ ‫‪ 1‬ب‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺎدة ‪1‬أ(‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫‪2-1-2-9‬‬

‫ع( واﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬ ــﺎ إﺗﺎﺣ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﻌ ــدات‬ ‫ﺑرﺟ ــﺎء إﻳﺿ ــﺎح ﻋـــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓ ــذ اﻟ ــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣ ــددة )ﺑﺣﺳ ــب اﻟﻧ ــو‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﻓق اﻟطﺑﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اد اﻟﻼزﻣﻳن ﻟﻧﻘﻝ اﻟﻣرﺿﻰ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓرﻳن إﻟﻰ ا‬ ‫واﻷﻓر‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫‪3-1-2-9‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ ﺑرﻧــﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﻔﺗــﻳش ﻓﺎﻋــﻝ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻟﺿﻣﺎن وﺟود ﺑﻳﺋﺔ آﻣﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣر‬ ‫اﻓق)‪.(86‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫‪4-1-2-9‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ ﺑرﻧــﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﺎﻋــﻝ ﻟﺗرﺻــد ﻧواﻗــﻝ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋـــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫اض وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻣﺳﺗودﻋﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ وﺑﺎﻟﻘرب ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣر‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫اد ﻣــدرﺑون ﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻧــﺔ‬ ‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ أﻓـر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﻛﺑﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪5-1-2-9‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫ءاً ﻣن ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟوطﻧﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟذي ﻳﺣددﻩ اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (84‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻛون ذﻟك ﺟز‬

‫ات ﺑﺎﻷطﻌﻣــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻐﺎﺳــﻝ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟــﺗﺧﻠص‬ ‫اﻓق ﺗزوﻳــد اﻟطــﺎﺋر‬ ‫)‪ (86‬ﻳﺷﻣﻝ إﻣدادات اﻟﻣﻳﺎﻩ اﻟﺻﺎﻟﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﺷرب‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت اﻟﻣﺧﺻﺻﺔ ﻟﻸﻛﻝ‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫ُﺣﺗﻣﻝ ﺗواﺟد اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣﻣﺎ ﻗد ﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠﻳم ﻣن اﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺻﻠﺑﺔ واﻟﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬

‫ء ﻣن ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟوطﻧﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟذي ﻳﺣددﻩ اﻟﻘطر‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (85‬ﻫذا ﻫو ﺟز‬

‫صفحة ‪ 23‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ ﺗرﺻــد اﻟﺗﻬدﻳــدات اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻻﺛﻧـﻲ ﻋﺷــر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗﻣــت ﻣر‬ ‫اﺟﻌﺔ ﺗرﺻد اﻟﺗﻬدﻳدات اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة)‪(87‬؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﻧﺷر ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﻣر‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ طـوار‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫ة‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫‪1-3-9‬‬ ‫‪3-9‬‬ ‫ر اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺷﻬ اً‬

‫‪ 6-1-2-9‬أ‬ ‫‪ 6-1-2-9‬ب‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫‪1-1-3-9‬‬ ‫‪2-1-3-9‬‬

‫*‬

‫ة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة؟‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ ﻣﺗواﻓر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ إﺟر‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ئ ﻗﺎﺋﻣ ـﺔ وﻣﺳــﺗﻣر‬ ‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ ﺧطــﺔ ط ـوار‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﺗـواﻓر‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳــﺗم ﺑﻣوﺟﺑــﻪ اﻟﺗﺻــدي ﻟطـوار‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ طـوار‬ ‫ﻟﻪ ﻣﻧﺳق وﻧﻘﺎط اﺗﺻﺎﻝ ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ وﻫﻳﺋﺎت وﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫*‬

‫ئ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ‬ ‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻟــدﻳﻬﺎ ﺧطــط طـوار‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫ﻫﺎ وﺗﺣدﻳﺛﻬﺎ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺗم اﺧﺗﺑﺎر‬ ‫طوار‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫‪3-1-3-9‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳوﺟــد ﺑﻬــﺎ ﻣﺳــﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑرﺟــﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫ﻣﻧﻔﺻﻠﺔ ﻋن ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓرﻳن‪ ،‬ﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ اﻷﺷﺧﺎص اﻟذﻳن ﻳﺷﺗﺑﻪ ﻓــﻲ إﺻــﺎﺑﺗﻬم ﺑــﺎﻟﻣرض )اﻟﻣرﻓــق‬ ‫‪1‬ب‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺎدة ‪ 2‬ﺟـ(‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫‪4-1-3-9‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫‪5-1-3-9‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻘدﻳم اﻟﻣﺳــﺎﻋدة اﻟطﺑﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة )ﺑﺣﺳب اﻟﻧو‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻳــﺔ ﻣــن ﻳﻛــون‬ ‫أو ﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﺣﺟــر اﻟﺻــﺣﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﺳــﺎﻓرﻳن اﻟﻣﺷــﺗﺑﻪ ﻓــﻲ إﺻــﺎﺑﺗﻬم ﺑــﺎﻟﻣرض‪ ،‬ور‬ ‫)اﻟﻣرﻓق ‪1‬ب‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺎدة ‪ 2‬ب واﻟﻣﺎدة ‪ 2‬د(‬ ‫‬‫)‪(88‬‬

‫ﻣرﻳﺿﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓرﻳن‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ع( اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬــﺎ ﺗطﺑﻳــق ﻗﻳــود اﻟــدﺧوﻝ‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء إﻳﺿــﺎح ﻋــدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓــذ اﻟــدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣــددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫ج ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳــﺎﻓرﻳن اﻟﻘــﺎدﻣﻳن واﻟﻣﻐــﺎدرﻳن‪ ،‬وﻏﻳــر ذﻟــك ﻣــن ﺗــداﺑﻳر اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫أو اﻟﺧــرو‬ ‫)‪(89‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫‪6-1-3-9‬‬

‫اﻟﺗﻲ ﻳوﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﺗﺧﺎذﻫﺎ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬

‫ج ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳــﺎﻓرﻳن اﻟﻘــﺎدﻣﻳن واﻟﻣﻐــﺎدرﻳن واﻟﺗــداﺑﻳر اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗطﻬﻳــر اﻟﺷــﺣﻧﺎت واﻟﺣﺎوﻳــﺎت واﻟﻣرﻛﺑــﺎت واﻟﺑﺿــﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫)‪ (89‬ﺗﺗﺿــﻣن ﻗﻳــود اﻟــدﺧوﻝ واﻟﺧــرو‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫ة ﻟﻬذا اﻟﻐرض‪.‬‬ ‫اء ذﻟك أﻳﺿﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣواﻗﻊ اﻟﻣﺧﺻﺻﺔ واﻟﻣﺟﻬز‬ ‫واز‬ ‫واﻟطرود اﻟﺑرﻳدﻳﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺣﺷر‬ ‫اﻟﺔ اﻟﺗﻠوث ﻣﻧﻬﺎ وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺗﻬﺎ‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫ات واﻟﻘوارض ٕ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻧﺎ ﻣﻊ وﺟود ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ أو اﻟﻣرﺟﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (87‬اﻟﻧﺷر ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﻫﻧﺎ أﻧﻪ ﻣﺗﺎح ً‬ ‫ى اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗد ﺗﻛون ﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻓق اﻟطﺑﻳﺔ واﻟﺑﻳطرﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻌزﻟﻬم وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺗﻬم وﺗﻘدﻳم ﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟدﻋم اﻷﺧر‬ ‫)‪ (88‬ﺑﻌﻣﻝ ﺗرﺗﻳﺑﺎت ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 24‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ة ﻣﻌـ ﱠ‬ ‫ً‪،‬‬ ‫دة ﺧﺻﻳﺻـﺎ‬ ‫ع( اﻟﻣﺗــﺎح ﺑﻬــﺎ أﺟﻬـز‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء إﻳﺿﺎح ﻋدد ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة )ﺑﺣﺳــب اﻟﻧــو‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻳن ﻟﻠﻌدوى‪ ،‬أو ﻣواد اﻟﺗﻠوث ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪7-1-3-9‬‬

‫اد ﻣ ــدرﺑون )وﻣ ــزودون ﺑﻣﻬﻣ ــﺎت اﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﺷﺧﺻ ــﻳﺔ( ﻟﻧﻘ ــﻝ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺎﻓرﻳن اﻟ ــذﻳن ﻗ ــد ﻳﻛوﻧ ــون‬ ‫وأﻓـ ـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺑر اﻟﺑرﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﺎر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اﻟﻣواﻧﺊ‬ ‫‪ 8-1-3-9‬أ‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﺻدي ﻷﺣداث ﻹﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ؟‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﻧﺷر ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﺻدي ﻷﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ؟‬

‫‪ 8-1-3-9‬ب‬

‫*‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظﺎت أو إﻳﺿﺎﺣﺎت ﺣوﻝ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟواردة أﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ذﻛر أي أﻧﺷــطﺔ ذات ﺻــﻠﺔ ﻳﻛــون اﻟﻘطــر‬ ‫ﻧﺄﻣﻝ إدر‬

‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫اء ذﻟك اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم‪.‬‬ ‫ي ﻷي ﻣن ﻣﻧﺎﻓذ اﻟدﺧوﻝ اﻟﻣﺣددة واﻷدوات اﻟﺗﻲ اﺳﺗﺧدﻣت ﻹﺟر‬ ‫ﻧﺄﻣﻝ ذﻛر اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟذي أﺟر‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 25‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺿﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب‬ ‫اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أواﻟدوﻟﻲ‬ ‫اض اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﺣﺗﻣــﻝ‬ ‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر واﻷﻣـر‬ ‫‪ ‬آﻟﻳــﺎت اﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻷﻣ ـر‬ ‫ة وﺗﻌﻣﻝ‬ ‫أن ﺗﻛون ﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗواﻓر‬

‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪1-10‬‬ ‫‪1-1-10‬‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ )ﻧﻌــم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف( ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ذﻟك ﻓــﻲ اﻹطــﺎر اﻟﺧــﺎص‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪1-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪5-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-10‬‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻣﻊ اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ )اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت( اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻﻛﺗﺷﺎف اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫)‪(90‬‬

‫اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫*‬

‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺔ أو ﺧط ــﺔ وطﻧﻳ ــﺔ ﻟﺗرﺻ ــد اﻷﺣ ــداث اﻟﻣرﺿ ــﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳ ــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﺳ ــﺗر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺻدر واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻌﻳــﻳن ﺿــﺑﺎط اﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﻣﺳــؤوﻟﻳن ﻋــن ﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻳ ـوان )ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ذﻟــك اﻟﺣﻳــﺎة اﻟﺑرﻳــﺔ(‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘــق اﻟﺗﻌــﺎون ﺑــﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺷــﻣﻝ وﺣــدات اﻟﺗرﺻــد‬ ‫؟‬ ‫)‪(92‬‬

‫*‬

‫ة اﻟﺻﺣﺔ و‪ /‬أو ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ‬ ‫زر‬ ‫ﻣﻊ و ا‬ ‫)‪(93‬‬

‫)‪(91‬‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك آﻟﻳــﺎت ﻋﺎﻣﻠــﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳﻳق‬

‫*‬

‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻌرﻳف ﻟﻠﺣﺎﻻت؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻣر‬ ‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻ ــدر ﻣ ــﻊ‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك ﺗﺟﻣﻳ ــﻊ ﻣﻧﻬﺟ ــﻲ وﺳـ ـرﻳﻊ ﻟﻠﺑﻳﺎﻧ ــﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑ ــﺎﻷﻣر‬ ‫إﻣﻛﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﺗرﺗﻳب ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت وﺗﺻﻧﻳﻔﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ات‪،‬‬ ‫وﻣﻧﻬﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺑﻳن وﺣدات اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﺣﻳـواﻧﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑـر‬ ‫)‪(94‬‬

‫ات؟‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻛﻝ ﻣن ﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻳوان وﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن وﻛذﻟك اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺗﺑﺎدﻝ ﺳرﻳﻊ‬

‫*‬

‫ى‪ ،‬ﺑﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت اﻷﺧر‬ ‫ووﺣدات اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬

‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر واﻷﺣداث اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﻣر‬ ‫‪8-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪9-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-10‬‬ ‫*‬

‫ات اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﻘطر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟــدوﻟﻲ )ﻣــن ﺧــﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اءات ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳد اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺿﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫إﺟر‬ ‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر ﺑﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ ﻋﻧﺻر ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗرﺻد اﻷﻣر‬ ‫اء اﻟــذﻳن ﻳﻣﻛــﻧﻬم اﻟﺗﺻــدي ﻟﻸﺣــداث‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺗﺧﺿــﻊ ﻟﻠﺗﺣــدﻳث اﻟﻣﻧــﺗظم‪ ،‬ﺗﺿــم اﻟﺧﺑـر‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﺿﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺻدر؟‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫)‪ (90‬ﺗﺟدر اﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺔ أن اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻣن أﺟﻝ اﻟﺗرﺻد واﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻣن أﺟﻝ اﻟﺗﺻدي ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻛوﻧﺎ ﻣﺳؤوﻟﻳﺔ ﺳﻠطﺎت ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ ‪ ،(2‬وﻫــذا اﻟﻌﻧﺻــر ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ أن ﻳﻌــﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﻣــﻝ أﻳﺿــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ظــﻝ ﺗﻠــك‬ ‫)‪ (91‬ﺗﺟــدر اﻟﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ أن ﻫــذﻩ اﻹﺣــﺎﻻت اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﻳــﺔ ﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻧﺳــﻳق )اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻌد ﻣن أﺟﻝ اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺗﻌﺎوﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت‪،‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‪92‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺷﺎطر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق‬ ‫ﻫذا‬ ‫ﻳﺷﻣﻝ‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫ى ذات اﻟﺻـﻠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ى ﺑﻳن ﻧظم اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻳـوان وﺻــﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳــﺎن وﺟﻣﻳــﻊ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت اﻷﺧــر‬ ‫)‪ (93‬ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك ﻓرﻳق ﻋﺎﻣﻝ ﻣﺷﺗرك أو آﻟﻳﺔ أﺧر‬ ‫اءات اﻟﺗوﺛﻳق‪.‬‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫واﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺟﺗﻣﻊ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﺗظم‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬وﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺧطﻳط‪ ،‬واﻟرﺻد‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫ﻩ ﻛﻝ ﻗطر‪.‬‬ ‫ﻩ وﻳﻘرر‬ ‫)‪ (94‬ﺣﺳن اﻟﺗوﻗﻳت ﻫو أﻣر ﻳﻘدر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 26‬من ‪33‬‬

‫اض اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر ﻣــن ﻗﺑــﻝ ﻗطﺎﻋــﺎت ﺻــﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﻧﺷﺎء آﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ ﻓﺎﺷــﻳﺎت اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫)ﺑﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﺗﺣــددﻩ اﻟﻣﻌــﺎﻳﻳر اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻷﻛﺛــر ﻣــن ‪ %80‬ﻣــن‬ ‫)‪(95‬‬

‫‪11-1-1-10‬‬ ‫‪12-1-1-10‬‬

‫*‬

‫اﻟﺣﻳوان وﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك اﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺳرﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫*‬

‫اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن أن ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧت اﻹﺟﺎﺑــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ ،‬ﻓﻣــﺎ ﻫــﻲ ﻧﺳــﺑﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﺳــﺑب‬ ‫‬‫______________‬

‫ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟ ــوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن اﻟﺗﺻــدي ﻟﻬــﺎ ﺑﺷــﻛﻝ ﺳــرﻳﻊ؟‬ ‫)‪(96‬‬

‫‪ ،‬ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر واﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺿــﻳﺔ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺻــدر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ‬

‫ة‪ ،‬ﺗﺷــﺎطر ﺗﺟــﺎرب وﻧﺗــﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻘطــر‬ ‫ر اﻷﺧﻳر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻝ اﻻﺛﻧﻲ ﻋﺷر ﺷﻬ اً‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬

‫‪13-1-1-10‬‬

‫*‬

‫اج أي ﻣﻼﺣظﺎت أو إﻳﺿﺎﺣﺎت ﺣوﻝ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟواردة أﻋﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ذﻛر أي أﻧﺷطﺔ ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺄﻣﻝ إدر‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻋﺔ" ﻫﻧﺎ ﺗﺷﻳر إﻟﻰ اﻟوﻗت ﻣﺎ ﺑﻳن اﻻﻛﺗﺷﺎف واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪" (95‬اﻟﺳر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺗَﺟﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر‪ ،‬وأﻓﺿﻝ اﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت‪ ،‬واﻷدوات اﻻﺑﺗﻛﺎرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫)‪ (96‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ْ‬

‫صفحة ‪ 27‬من ‪33‬‬

‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻷﺣــداث ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن‬ ‫اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫‪1-11‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻ ـ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ـ ــﺔ اﻟﺗ ـ ــﻲ ﺗﺳ ـ ــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘ ـ ــﺎ ﻋﻠ ـ ــﻰ‬ ‫أن ﺗﺷ ـ ــﻛﻝ إﺣ ـ ــدى طـ ـ ـوار‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫اض اﻟﻣﻧﻘوﻟــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐــذاء واﻟﺗﻠــوث‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻵﻟﻳــﺎت ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ وﺗﻌﻣــﻝ ﻻﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻷﻣ ـر‬ ‫‪1-1-11‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ )ﻧﻌــم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف( ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ذﻟك ﻓــﻲ اﻹطــﺎر اﻟﺧــﺎص‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر وطﻧﻳﺔ أو دوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ)‪(97‬؟‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﱢر ﻣر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗواﻧﻳن‪ ،‬أو ﻟواﺋﺢ‪ ،‬أو ﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐذاء)‪ (98‬ﺗﻳﺳ‬ ‫ات)‪(99‬؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ اﻟﻘواﻧﻳن أو اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐذاء ﻣواﻛﺑﺔ ﻷﺣدث اﻟﺗطور‬ ‫ي ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﻘواﻧﻳن أو اﻟﻠواﺋﺢ أو اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐذاء؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺟر‬ ‫ئ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ أﻧﺷﺋت آﻟﻳﺔ ﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﺑﻳن اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻳﻧﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻼ ﻧﻘطﺔ اﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟطـوار‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺷــﺑﻛﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟﻠﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ )ﻓــﻲ ﺣــﺎﻝ اﻟﻌﺿــوﻳﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ(‪ ،‬وﺑﻳن ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك آﻟﻳ ــﺎت ﻋﺎﻣﻠ ــﺔ)‪ (100‬ﻟﺿ ــﻣﺎن اﻟﺗﻌ ــﺎون ﺑ ــﻳن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋ ــﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔ ــﺔ ﺑﺷ ــﺄن اﻷﺣ ــداث‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(102‬‬ ‫)‪(101‬‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺑﻠدﻛم ﻋﺿو ﻋﺎﻣﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك دﻻﺋﻝ إرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ أو ﻛﺗﻳﺑﺎت ﺗدرﻳﺑﻳــﺔ ﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺗرﺻــد‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﻳــﻳم‪ ،‬وﺗــدﺑﻳر اﻷﺣــداث ذات‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟدﻻﺋﻝ اﻹرﺷﺎدﻳﺔ أو اﻟدﻟﻳﻝ اﻹرﺷﺎدي اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺗرﺻد وﺗﻘﻳﻳم وﺗدﺑﻳر اﻷﺣداث‬ ‫ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ة اﻷﺣـ ــداث ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳـ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘـ ــﺔ ﺑﺳـ ــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫وادار‬ ‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻳـ ــﺗم ﺗﻘﻳـ ــﻳم إﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫اءات ﺗرﺻـ ــد وﺗﻘـ ــدﻳر ٕ‬ ‫اءات ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑذﻟك‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬ ‫اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث اﻹﺟر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت اﻟوﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ‪ ،‬وﺗﺣﻠﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﻬﺟﻲ؟‬ ‫‪1-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪ 3-1-1-11‬أ‬ ‫‪ 3-1-1-11‬ب‬ ‫‪4-1-1-11‬‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫‪5-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪8-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪9-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪10-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪11-1-1-11‬‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫)‪ (97‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳرﺗﻛز ذﻟك ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ )ﻣﺛﻝ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر ﻫﻳﺋﺔ اﻟدﺳﺗور اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ أو ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻷﻳزو(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻗﺑــﺔ‬ ‫ة اﻟرﻗﺎﺑــﺔ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﺗﻔﺗــﻳش‪ ،‬واﻟﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫وادار‬ ‫)‪ (98‬ﻳﺷﻣﻝ اﻟﻧظﺎم اﻟوطﻧﻲ ﻟﻣر‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻘواﻧﻳن واﻟﻠـواﺋﺢ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳــﺔ‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت اﻟوﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺛﻘﻳف‪ ،‬واﻟﺗواﺻﻝ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗدرﻳب‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (99‬ﺑﺣﺳب ﻣﺎ ﺗﺣددﻩ اﻟﺑﻠدان‪.‬‬

‫ى ﻟﺗﺷﺎطر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﺣوﻝ اﻷﺣداث اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗد ﺗؤﺛر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻣﻛــن أن ﺗﻌﻣــﻝ ﺑﺷــﻛﻝ‬ ‫)‪ (100‬ﺷﺑﻛﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻗوة ﻋﻣﻝ‪ ،‬أو ﻟﺟﻧﺔ‪ ،‬أو آﻟﻳﺔ أﺧر‬ ‫)‪" (101‬ﻋﺎﻣﻝ" ﻳﻌﻧﻲ ﻳﺻــﻝ ﺑﺎﻧﺗظــﺎم إﻟــﻰ اﻟﻣوﻗــﻊ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺷــﺑﻛﺔ اﻻﻧﺗرﻧــت‪ ،‬وﺗﺷــﺎطر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت ﺧــﻼﻝ اﻷزﻣــﺎت‪ ،‬وﺗﺷــﺎطر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت اﻟـواردة ﻣــن اﻟﻘطــر ﻣــﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻋﺔ اﻟﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻸﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﺗﺑث ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﺣوﻝ اﻟﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳــﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌــزر اﻟﺗﻌــﺎون‬ ‫اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ واﻟزر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣﻧظﻣــﺔ‬ ‫)‪ (102‬اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳــﺔ ﻟﻠﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻐــذاء ﻫــﻲ ﺷــﺑﻛﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻣﻳــﺔ ﺗﺿــم ‪ 177‬ﺳــﻠطﺔ وطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أﻋــدﺗﻬﺎ وﺗــدﻳر‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ واﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫اض اﻟﻣﻧﻘوﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐذاء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳرﻳﻊ وﺗﺣد ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻷﻣر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 28‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ي اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺧدﻣﺎت ﺗﻔﺗﻳش ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣر‬ ‫اءات ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ( ﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳــد اﻷﺣــداث ذات‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ ﻣﺗﺎﺣــﺔ ﻟﻠﻘطــر )ﻣــن ﺧــﻼﻝ إﺟــر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟــدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻧﻬﺟــﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت ﺑــﻳن اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(103‬‬

‫‪12-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪13-1-1-11‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻓﻲ ذﻟك ﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﺟزﻳﺋﻳﺎت؟‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺗﺑــﺎدﻝ ﺳـرﻳﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫‪15-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪16-1-1-11‬‬ ‫*‬

‫‪14-1-1-11‬‬

‫*‬

‫ى ذات اﻟﺻ ــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺷ ــﺄن اﻷﺣ ــداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑط ــﺔ ﺑﺳ ــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ووﺣ ــدات اﻟﺗرﺻ ــد‪ ،‬واﻟﻘطﺎﻋ ــﺎت اﻷﺧ ــر‬

‫اء ﻣﺧﺗﺻــﻳن ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺎﺣــﺔ ﻟﺗﻘﻳــﻳم اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺗﺿــم ﺧﺑـر‬ ‫ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻧﻔﻳذ اﻟﺧطﺔ )اﻟﺧطط( اﻟﻣﻳداﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ئ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻣن ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻣرﻳن ﻳﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺗﻠك اﻟﺣﺎﻟﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ إﺣدى ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟطوار‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫)‪(104‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم اﺧﺗﺑﺎر اﻟﺧطﺔ )اﻟﺧطط( اﻟﻣﻳداﻧﻳــﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطــﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ ﻣــن‬ ‫ي ﺗﺣــدﻳث اﻟﺧطــﺔ )اﻟﺧطــط( اﻟﻣﻳداﻧﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬

‫‪ 17-1-1-11‬أ‬ ‫‪ 17-1-1-11‬ب‬ ‫‪18-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪19-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪20-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪21-1-1-11‬‬ ‫‪22-1-1-11‬‬

‫*‬

‫)‪(105‬‬

‫اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬

‫ﻫﻝ أﻧﺷﺋت آﻟﻳﺎت ﻟﺗﺗﺑﻊ‪ ،‬وﺳﺣب اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺔ‬

‫*‬

‫ة ﻷﺻ ــﺣﺎب‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك آﻟﻳــﺎت وﻣـ ـواد ﺗواﺻــﻝ ﻹﻳﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت وﻣ ـواد اﻟﺗﺛﻘﻳــف واﻟﻣﺷ ــور‬ ‫ﻋﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺎﺋدة"؟‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺄن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ﻋﺑر ﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ "ﻣن اﻟﻣرز‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ )ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟك اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوردة(؟‬ ‫ة ﻣر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﻧﻔذ ﻧظم إدار‬ ‫اض اﻟﻣﻧﻘوﻟــﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻐــذاء واﻟﺗﻠــوث‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗﺳــﺗﺧدم اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗﻣدة ﻣــن واﻗــﻊ ﻓﺎﺷــﻳﺎت اﻷﻣـ ـر‬ ‫ة اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر وﻟواﺋﺢ اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﺗﻌزﻳز ﻧظم إدار‬

‫*‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اض اﻟﻣﻧﻘوﻟــﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗﻧﺷر)‪ (106‬ﺗﺣﻠﻳﻼت اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺳــﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬واﺗﺟﺎﻫــﺎت اﻷﻣـر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻐذاء‪ ،‬وﻓﺎﺷﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﻣ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻛن ﻣن إدﻣﺎج اﻟﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت اﻟواردة ﻋﺑر ﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ اﻟﻐذاء وﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎ؟‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻩ ﻛﻝ ﻗطر‪.‬‬ ‫ﻩ وﻳﻘرر‬ ‫)‪ (103‬ﺣﺳن اﻟﺗوﻗﻳت ﻫو أﻣر ﻳﻘدر‬ ‫ة‬ ‫)‪ (104‬ﻣﺛﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺧطوات اﻟﻼزم اﺗﺧﺎذﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧظﺎم اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطﺔ ﺑﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ ﺑﻌد ﺗﻠﻘﻲ اﻻﻧذار‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎء‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر‪ ،‬إدار‬ ‫)‪ (105‬ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك ﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗد ﺗﻛون ﻣﺻدر اﻟﺗﻠوث‪ ،‬ﻣﺛﻝ اﻟﻐذاء‪ ،‬ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت اﻟﻐذاء واﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﻐذاﺋﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻊ ﻟذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫ة اﻟﺟﻣﻬور ﻣﻊ وﺟود ﻋﻧوان اﻟﺻﻔﺣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ أو ﻣر‬ ‫◌ ﻓﻲ ﺣوز‬ ‫)‪" (106‬اﻟﻧﺷر" ﻫﻧﺎ ﻳﻌﻧﻲ أن ﻳﻛون ﻣﺗﺎﺣﺎَ ً‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬ﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬اﻟﺗﺣﻘق ﻣن اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﺳﺣب اﻷﻏذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫صفحة ‪ 29‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ئ اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﺷــﻛﻝ‬ ‫ة وﺗﻌﻣــﻝ ﻻﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻟط ـوار‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻵﻟﻳــﺎت ﻣﺗ ـواﻓر‬ ‫واﺣدا ﻣن أﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ دوﻟﻳــﺎ‪ ،‬واﻹﻧــذار ﺑﻬــﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ة ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﺗﺳــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ﻣــﺎ ﻳﺗﻌﻠــق‬ ‫اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ــﺔ ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳ ــﺗوى اﻟ ــوطﻧﻲ واﻟ ــدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬واﻻﺳ ــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺗﻠ ــك‬ ‫اﻷﺣداث‬

‫اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪1-12‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬

‫‪1-1-12‬‬

‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬

‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ )ﻧﻌــم‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳر ﻣﻌروف( ﻟﻛﻝ ﻣن اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬ ‫واذا ﻛﺎن أﺣد اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺑﻠدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳرﺟﻰ إﻳﺿﺎح ذﻟك ﻓــﻲ اﻹطــﺎر اﻟﺧــﺎص‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻳﻣﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫اض ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻷﻏر‬ ‫)‪(107‬‬

‫)‪(108‬‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت أو ﺧطــط وطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻣوﺟــودة ﻟﺗرﺻــد اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ واﻹﻧــذار ﺑﻬــﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻬﺎ؟‬

‫اء‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳد ﺧﺑر‬

‫‪2-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-12‬‬

‫‪1-1-1-12‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫اض‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻋﻳﻧــت اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺳــؤوﻟﺔ ﻋــن اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺿــﺎﺑط اﺗﺻــﺎﻝ ﻷﻏـر‬ ‫ة اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ و‪/‬أو ﻣرﻛــز اﻻﺗﺻــﺎﻝ اﻟــوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ ﺑــﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ‬ ‫زر‬ ‫واﻟﺗواﺻــﻝ ﻣــﻊ و ا‬ ‫اض اﻟﺗرﺻـ ــد‬ ‫ﻣـ ــﻊ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋـ ــﺎت ذات اﻟﺻـ ــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷﻏ ـ ـر‬ ‫)‪(110‬‬ ‫)‪(109‬‬

‫*‬

‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳــﻳق‬ ‫‪4-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪5-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪7-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪8-1-1-12‬‬ ‫*‬

‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك آﻟﻳـ ــﺎت ﻓﺎﻋﻠـ ــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳـ ــﻳق‬

‫اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اض اﻟﺗرﺻ ـ ــد‬ ‫ﻫ ـ ــﻝ ﺗ ـ ــم ﺗﻧﻔﻳ ـ ــذ آﻟﻳ ـ ــﺎت اﻟﺗﻧﺳ ـ ــﻳق اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠ ـ ــﺔ ﻣ ـ ــﻊ اﻟﻘطﺎﻋ ـ ــﺎت ذات اﻟﺻ ـ ــﻠﺔ ﻷﻏـ ـ ـر‬ ‫واﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺳرﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ أﻧﺷطﺔ اﻟﺗرﺻد ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺗﺳﻣم؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﻌ ﱠ‬ ‫دة ﻟﻸﺣداث‪ /‬اﻟﻣﺗﻼزﻣﺎت اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﺷــﻛﻝ أﺣــد أﺣــداث اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟذي ﻗد ﻳﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ واﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬ ‫ئ‬ ‫ر ﻟﻠط ـ ـوار‬ ‫رﻓـ ــق اﻟﺗـ ــﻲ ﻗـ ــد ﺗﻛـ ــون ﻣﺻـ ــد ا‬ ‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك ﻗﺎﺋﻣـ ــﺔ ﺑﻣواﻗـ ــﻊ اﻷﺧطـ ــﺎر اﻟرﺋﻳﺳـ ــﻳﺔ واﻟﻣ ا‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ(؟‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫ة اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ أو‬ ‫ر ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺻــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ )ﻣــﺛﻼ ﻣواﻗــﻊ اﻷﺟﻬـز‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ واﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﻣﺛــﻝ ﺧطـ اً‬

‫ﻣو اﻷﺧطﺎر اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣدﻳرو اﻷﺧطﺎر‪ ،‬واﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﻳو اﻟﺳﻣوم اﻻﻛﻠﻳﻧﻳﻛﻳون‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (107‬ﻣن ﺑﻳن "اﻟﺧﺑر‬ ‫اء"‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻳ ﱢ‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻐطﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑوﻗت وﻛﻳﻔﻳﺔ اﻹﻧذار‪ ،‬وﻗواﺋم ﻧوﺑﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳن‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (108‬ﺗﺗﺿﻣن ﻋﻧﺎﺻر اﻹﻧذار إﺟر‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ ‪ ،(2‬وﻫــذا اﻟﻌﻧﺻــر ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ أن ﻳﻌــﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﻣــﻝ أﻳﺿــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ظــﻝ ﺗﻠــك‬ ‫)‪ (109‬ﺗﺟــدر اﻟﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ أن ﻫــذﻩ اﻹﺣــﺎﻻت اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﻳــﺔ ﺗﺗﻌﻠــق ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻧﺳــﻳق )اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ ‪1‬و‪ (2‬واﻟﺻــﻔﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﻬــذا اﻟﻌﻧﺻــر‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻳﺔ ﺗﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺷرﻳﻌﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﻣوﻳــﻝ )اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫)‪ (110‬ﺗﺟدر اﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺔ أن ﻫذﻩ اﻹﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﻣر‬ ‫اﺑط‪ ،‬واﻟﺗــدﻓق‪ ،‬وﺗﻘــﺎطﻊ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت‪ ،‬ﺣﻳــث‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳــﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬــﻲ ﺗﻘــﻊ ﺗﺣــت ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر ﻣــن ﺣﻳــث اﻟﺗـر‬ ‫ﻳﻧﺑﻐــﻲ أن ﺗﻌــﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﻣــﻝ أﻳﺿــﺎ ﻓــﻲ ظــﻝ ﺗﻠــك اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫اء اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌطﻰ ﻟﻠﺧﺑر‬

‫صفحة ‪ 30‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﺗم إﻋداد ﻣرﺗﺳم ﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻲ وطﻧﻲ)‪(111‬؟‬ ‫اءات ﻋﻣـ ــﻝ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳـ ــﺔ ﺧﺎﺻـ ــﺔ ﺑـ ــﺎﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﺳ ـ ـرﻳﻊ‪ ،‬وﺗـ ــدﺑﻳر‬ ‫واﺟ ـ ـر‬ ‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك ﻛﺗﻳﺑـ ــﺎت ﺗدرﻳﺑﻳـ ــﺔ ٕ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‪ ،‬وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬

‫‪9-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪ 10-1-1-12‬أ‬ ‫‪ 10-1-1-12‬ب‬ ‫‪11-1-1-12‬‬

‫*‬

‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﺳـرﻳﻊ‪ ،‬وﺗــدﺑﻳر‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﻧﺷر اﻟﻛﺗﻳﺑﺎت اﻟﺗدرﻳﺑﻳﺔ ٕ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‪ ،‬وﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(112‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫـ ــﻝ ﻫﻧـ ــﺎك ﺗﺑـ ــﺎدﻝ ﺳ ـ ـرﻳﻊ وﻣﻧﻬﺟـ ــﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻠوﻣـ ــﺎت ﺑـ ــﻳن اﻟوﺣـ ــدات اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳـ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻـ ــﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ؟‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫــﺎ ﻣــن اﻟﻘطﺎﻋــﺎت ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ‬ ‫ووﺣــدات اﻟﺗرﺻــد وﻏﻳر‬ ‫ئ ﺗﺣــدد أدوار وﻣﺳــؤوﻟﻳﺎت اﻟوﻛــﺎﻻت ذات اﻟﺻــﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳــﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺧطــﺔ اﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻠطـوار‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺗﺎﺣــﺔ ﻟﺗﺄﻛﻳــد وﻗــو‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو إﻣﻛﺎﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﺣﺻــوﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ع ﺣــدث ﺣﻘﻳﻘــﻲ أو ﻣــن‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم اﺧﺗﺑــﺎر ﺧطــﺔ اﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ ﻣــن ﺧــﻼﻝ وﻗــو‬ ‫ئ اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻟﻠطوار‬ ‫‪12-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪13-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪ 14-1-1-12‬أ‬ ‫‪ 14-1-1-12‬ب‬ ‫*‬

‫*‬

‫اﻷﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ ذات اﻷوﻟوﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫*‬

‫ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻣرﻳن ﻳﺣﺎﻛﻲ ذﻟك اﻟﺣدث؟‬

‫؟‬

‫)‪(113‬‬

‫اﻛز( ﺳﻣوم ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺗﺗواﻓر ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﻣوارد اﻟﻛﺎﻓﻳﺔ واﻟﻣﻼﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﻣرﻛز )ﻣر‬

‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﺣدﻳث ﺧطﺔ اﻻﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء؟‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫‪15-1-1-12‬‬ ‫‪16-1-1-12‬‬

‫ات وﺗﺟــﺎرب اﻟﻘطــر اﻟﻣرﺗﺑطــﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺣــداث اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳــﺔ واﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم ﺗﺷــﺎرك ﺧﺑـر‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ واﻟدوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬وﻛذﻟك اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧﻠﺻــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذا اﻟﺷــﺄن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬

‫اﺑط‪/‬ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺑط )رواﺑط( ﻋﻧوان ﺻﻔﺣﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺄي وﺛﺎﺋق ذات ﺻﻠﺔ‪ :‬اﻟر‬ ‫ﺑرﺟﺎء اﻹﻓﺎدة ﺑر‬ ‫‪-‬ـ‬

‫ﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎن )ﻳﻣﻛن إرﻓﺎق ﺻﻔﺣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻳﺔ إذا ﻟزم اﻷﻣر(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻛون ﻗد ورد ذﻛر‬ ‫ﻗد ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫)‪ (111‬اﻟﺗﻌرﻳـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــف واﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎت ذات اﻟﺻـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣرﺗﺳـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــم اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎﺋﻲ اﻟـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــوطﻧﻲ ﻣﺗﺎﺣـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺔ ﻋﻠـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻰ اﻟﻣوﻗـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻊ‪:‬‬ ‫‪http://www2.unitar.org/cwm/nphomepage/index.html‬‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﻋن اﻟوﻗوﻋﺎت اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (112‬ﻣﺛﺎﻝ‪ :‬اﻟﺗرﺻد اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣر‬ ‫وﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺻﺎﻧﻌﻲ اﻟﻣواد اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ع‪ ،‬ﺻــﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﻳﺎﻧــﺎت اﻟﻣـواد‪ ،‬وﺻــﻔﺣﺔ ﺑﻳﺎﻧــﺎت اﻟﺳــﻼﻣﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (113‬ﻣﺛﺎﻝ‪ :‬اﻟﺗﺳﻣم اﻹﻛﻠﻳﻧﻳﻛﻲ؛ ﺧــط ﺳــﺎﺧن ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣــدار اﻷرﺑــﻊ واﻟﻌﺷـرﻳن ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ طـواﻝ أﻳــﺎم اﻷﺳــﺑو‬

‫صفحة ‪ 31‬من ‪33‬‬

‫‪13‬‬ ‫ئ اﻻﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟطوار‬ ‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ئ اﻻﺷ ــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ واﻟﻧووﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻗ ــد‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠ ــﻰ اﻛﺗﺷ ــﺎف واﻟﺗﺻ ــدي ﻟﻠطـ ـوار‬ ‫اﻟﻘ ــدر‬ ‫‪1-13‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺷـ ــﻛﻝ واﺣـ ــداً ﻣـ ــن أﺣـ ــداث اﻟﺻـ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳـ ــﺔ اﻟﺗـ ــﻲ ﺗﺳـ ــﺑب ﻗﻠﻘـ ــﺎ ﻋﻠـ ــﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟدوﻟﻲ‬ ‫ئ اﻹﺷـ ــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‬ ‫ة وﺗﻌﻣـ ــﻝ ﻻﻛﺗﺷـ ــﺎف واﻟﺗﺻـ ــدي ﻟﻠط ـ ـوار‬ ‫‪ ‬اﻵﻟﻳـ ــﺎت ﻣﺗ ـ ـواﻓر‬ ‫‪1-1-13‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺷر‬ ‫واﻟﻧووﻳ ــﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻗ ــد ﺗﺷ ــﻛﻝ واﺣ ــدا ﻣ ــن أﺣ ــداث اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﺗ ــﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘًﺎ دوﻟﻳﺎً‪.‬‬ ‫اﺟﻌــﺔ اﻹرﺷــﺎدات اﻟﻌﺎﻣــﺔ ﻻﺳــﺗﻳﻔﺎء اﻻﺳــﺗﺑﻳﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣــﻊ ﺗﺧﺻــﻳص ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ واﺣــدة ﻣﻼﺋﻣــﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣظــﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺄﻣــﻝ‪ ،‬ﻗﺑــﻝ اﻟﺑــدء‪ ،‬ﻣر‬ ‫)ﻧﻌــم‪ ،‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف( ﻟﻛــﻝ ﻣــن اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ اﻟ ـواردة أدﻧــﺎﻩ‪ .‬وﺳــﺗﻛون ﻗﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻏﻳــر ﻣﻌــروف"‪ ،‬ﻣوازﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣــن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺟــﻰ إﻳﺿــﺎح ذﻟــك ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫واذا ﻛــﺎن أﺣــد اﻷﺳــﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻧطﺑــق ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﺳــﻳﺎق اﻟﺧــﺎص ﺑﺑﻠــدﻛم‪ ،‬ﻓﻳر‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺻــﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﻳﻣــﺔ "ﻻ"‪ٕ .‬‬ ‫اﻹطﺎر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻼﺣظﺎت اﻟوارد أدﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫رض ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم اﻟﺻ ــﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳــﺔ واﻻﺳــﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻸﺣــداث اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‬ ‫اء ﻷﻏــ ا‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﺣدﻳــد ﺧﺑــر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎت أو ﺧط ــط وطﻧﻳ ــﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣ ــﺔ ﻻﻛﺗﺷ ــﺎف وﺗﻘﻳ ــﻳم واﻟﺗﺻ ــدي‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳ ــﺎت أو اﺳ ــﺗر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎت أو اﻟﺧطــط اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻣــن أﺟــﻝ اﻛﺗﺷــﺎف وﺗﻘﻳــﻳم‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم ﺗﻧﻔﻳــذ اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت أو اﻻﺳــﺗر‬ ‫اﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎت أو ﺧطــط وطﻧﻳــﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﺗﺧــﺗص ﺑﻧﻘــﻝ اﻟﻣ ـواد واﻟﻌﻳﻧــﺎت‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺳﻳﺎﺳــﺎت أو اﺳــﺗر‬ ‫رﻓــق‬ ‫وﺗــدﺑﻳر اﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳــﺎت اﻟﻣﺷــﻌﺔ داﺧﻠﻳــﺎ وﺧﺎرﺟﻳــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻓﻳﻬــﺎ ﺗﻠــك اﻟ ـواردة ﻣــن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷــﻔﻳﺎت وﻣ ا‬ ‫)‪(115‬‬

‫واﻟﻧووﻳﺔ؟‬

‫‪1-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪2-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪3-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪4-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻟﻠطوار‬ ‫ئ اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ؟‬

‫*‬

‫ئ اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺻدي ﻟﻠطوار‬

‫*‬

‫ﺑـ ـﻳن اﻟﺳ ــﻠطﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳ ــﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻ ــﺔ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫)‪(116‬‬

‫ة اﻟﺻﺣﺔ و‪/‬أو ﻣرﻛز اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻝ اﻟوطﻧﻲ اﻟﻣﻌﻧــﻲ‬ ‫زر‬ ‫اض اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق واﻟﺗواﺻﻝ ﻣﻊ و ا‬ ‫اﺗﺻﺎﻝ ﻷﻏر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠواﺋﺢ اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ؟‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻗﺎﻣــت اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻟوطﻧﻳــﺔ اﻟﻣﺳــؤوﻟﺔ ﻋــن اﻷﺣــداث اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ واﻟﻧووﻳــﺔ ﺑﺗﻌﻳــﻳن ﺿــﺎﺑط‬

‫ى ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ ﻋن ﺗﻧظﻳم اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻧووﻳﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت اﻷﺧر‬

‫واﻟﺗواﺻ ــﻝ‬

‫)‪(114‬‬

‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك آﻟﻳ ــﺎت ﻓﺎﻋﻠ ــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﺳ ــﻳق‬

‫اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ؟‬

‫‪5-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪6-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫ا ﻣ ــن‬ ‫ﻫ ــﻝ ﻫﻧ ــﺎك رﺻ ــد إﺷ ــﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻗ ــﺎﺋم ﻟوﻗوﻋ ــﺎت اﻟطـ ـوار‬ ‫ئ اﻹﺷ ــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ اﻟﺗ ــﻲ ﻗ ــد ﺗﻣﺛ ــﻝ واﺣ ــدً‬ ‫أﺣداث اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ دوﻟﻳﺎ؟‬

‫‪7-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪8-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك ﺗﺑــﺎدﻝ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت ﻣﻧﻬﺟــﻲ ﺑــﻳن اﻟﺳــﻠطﺎت اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻــﺔ ووﺣــدات ﺗرﺻــد‬ ‫ﺻــﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳــﺎن‪ ،‬ﺣــوﻝ اﻷﺣــداث اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠــﺔ واﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠــﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻗــد ﺗﺷــﻛﻝ‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻣﻳﺎ؟‬ ‫إﺣدى طوار‬

‫*‬

‫ة اﻷﺳﺎﺳ ــﻳﺔ ‪ 1‬و ‪ (2‬واﻟﺻ ــﻔﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻ ــﺔ ﺑﻬ ــذا‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻳ ــﺔ ﺗﺗﻌﻠ ــق ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺷـ ـرﻳﻌﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳ ــﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﻣوﻳ ــﻝ )اﻟﻘ ــدر‬ ‫)‪ (114‬ﺗﺟ ــدر اﻟﻣﻼﺣظ ــﺔ أن ﻫ ــذﻩ اﻹﺣ ــﺎﻻت اﻟﻣر‬ ‫اء اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﻳن ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻳث ﺗﻌطﻰ ﻟﻠﺧﺑر‬

‫اﺑط‪ ،‬واﻟدﻗــﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻘــﺎطﻊ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣــﺎت‪،‬‬ ‫ات اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬــﻲ ﺗﻘــﻊ ﺗﺣــت ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر ﻣــن ﺣﻳــث اﻟﺗـر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺻر‪ ،‬وﻳﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﻣﻝ أﻳﺿﺎ ﻓﻲ ظﻝ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻘدر‬

‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻌد ﻣن أﺟﻝ اﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﺗﻌﺎوﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫)‪ (115‬ﺗﺷﺎطر اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‪ ،‬واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﺎت‪ٕ ،‬‬ ‫اء اﻟﺗﻣﺎرﻳن‪ ،‬واﻟرﺻد وﺗﺿﻣﻳن اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﺧﻼﻝ اﻷﺣداث اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ اﻟطﺎرﺋﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫واﺟر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺧطﻳط‪،‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ‬ ‫)‪ (116‬اﻟﺗﻧﺳﻳق ﻣن أﺟﻝ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‪ ،‬و‬ ‫ٕ‬ ‫ئ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ دوﻟﻳﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻗد ﺗﺷﻛﻝ إﺣدى طوار‬

‫صفحة ‪ 32‬من ‪33‬‬

‫ئ اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‬ ‫ة اﻟطـوار‬ ‫اءات ﻋﻣــﻝ ﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳــﺔ ﻹدار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﺗــم إﻋــداد دﻻﺋــﻝ إرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ ﺗﻘﻧﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو إﺟــر‬ ‫اءات اﻟﻌﻣــﻝ اﻟﻣﻌﻳﺎرﻳــﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ‬ ‫ي ﺗﻘﻳــﻳم وﺗﺣــدﻳث اﻟــدﻻﺋﻝ اﻹرﺷــﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳــﺔ أو إﺟـر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫ئ اﻹﺷ ــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ )ﺑﻣ ــﺎ ﻳﺷ ــﻣﻝ ﺗﻘﻳ ــﻳم اﻟﻣﺧ ــﺎطر‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳ ــﻎ ﺑﻬ ــﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﺄﻛﻳ ــد اﻷﺣ ــداث‪،‬‬ ‫ة اﻟطـ ـوار‬ ‫ﺑ ــﺈدار‬ ‫واﻹﺧطﺎر ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎﺋﻬﺎ(؟‬ ‫)ﺑﻣﺎ ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ﺗﻘﻳﻳم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر واﻟﺗﺑﻠﻳﻎ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﺄﻛﻳد اﻷﺣداث واﻹﺧطﺎر ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎﺋﻬﺎ(؟‬

‫‪ 9-1-1-13‬أ‬ ‫‪ 9-1-1-13‬ب‬

‫*‬

‫ئ اﻹﺷــﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻣــﺎ ﻳﺷــﻣﻝ‬ ‫ى ﻋﻣــﻝ ﺗﻣــﺎرﻳن ﻣﻧﺗظﻣــﺔ ﻟﻠﺗــدرﻳب ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣواﺟﻬــﺔ اﻟط ـوار‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳﺟــر‬ ‫رﻓــق اﻟﺻــﺣﻳﺔ )داﺧــﻝ اﻟﻘطــر أو ﺧﺎرﺟــﻪ( ﻣــﻊ‬ ‫إﻟــﻰ اﻟﻣ ا‬ ‫)‪(118‬‬

‫ئ اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ)‪(117‬؟‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻫﻧﺎك ﺧطﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺻدي ﻟﻠطوار‬

‫‪10-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬ ‫*‬

‫طﻠب اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻋدة اﻟدوﻟﻳﺔ )ﺑﺣﺳب اﻻﻗﺗﺿﺎء( واﻹﺧطﺎر اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﺷﺄن؟‬ ‫ئ اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ؟‬ ‫اء اﻟطوار‬ ‫ﺟر‬ ‫اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫ة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﻣرﺿﻰ اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺑﻳن ﱠ‬

‫‪11-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪12-1-1-13‬‬ ‫‪13-1-1-13‬‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك آﻟﻳــﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﻟﻠوﺻــوﻝ‬

‫*‬

‫ات اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ )ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻣﺳــﺗوى اﻟــوطﻧﻲ أو اﻟــدوﻟﻲ(‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻣﺗــﺎح ﻟﻠﻘطــر اﻟﺣﺻــوﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻘــدر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺧطﺎر اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ؟‬ ‫)‪(120‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻻﻛﺗﺷ ــﺎف وﺗﺄﻛﻳ ــد وﺟ ــود اﻹﺷ ــﻌﺎع وﺗﺣدﻳ ــد ﻧوﻋﻳﺗ ــﻪ )أﻟﻔ ــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻳﺗ ــﺎ‪ ،‬أو ﻏﺎﻣ ــﺎ( ﻓ ــﻲ ﻣ ــﺎ ﻳﺧ ــﺗص‬ ‫)‪(119‬‬

‫اﻟﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻــﻳﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬــﺎ‬

‫اﺛﻳــﺎت‬ ‫ﻋــﺎت اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ ﻋــن طرﻳــق ﺗﺣﻠﻳــﻝ اﻟور‬ ‫‪ ،‬وﻗﻳــﺎس اﻟﺟر‬ ‫؟‬ ‫)‪(121‬‬

‫ﻫــﻝ ﻫﻧــﺎك آﻟﻳــﺎت ﺗﻌــﺎون ﻗﺎﺋﻣــﺔ ﻹﺗﺎﺣــﺔ‬ ‫أداء اﻟﻣﻘﺎﻳﺳــﺎت اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳــﺔ‬

‫‪14-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻋﺔ ﺗﺛَﻘﻝ اﻟﻛرﻳﺎت اﻟﺣﻣر‬ ‫اﻟﺧﻠوﻳﺔ وﺳر‬ ‫ﻫﻝ ﻳﺗم ﺗﻘﻳﻳم آﻟﻳــﺎت اﻟﺗﻌــﺎون اﻟﺧﺎﺻــﺔ ﺑﺈﺗﺎﺣــﺔ اﻟﺧــدﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرﻳــﺔ اﻟﺗﺧﺻﺻــﻳﺔ اﻟﺗــﻲ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬــﺎ‬

‫اﺛﻳـ ــﺎت‬ ‫ﻋـ ــﺎت اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳـ ــﺔ ﻋـ ــن طرﻳـ ــق ﺗﺣﻠﻳـ ــﻝ اﻟور‬ ‫أداء اﻟﻣﻘﺎﻳﺳـ ــﺎت اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳـ ــﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﻳـ ــﺎس اﻟﺟر‬ ‫)‪(122‬‬

‫‪15-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫ﻓــﻲ ﻣــﺎ ﻳﺧــﺗص ﺑﺎﻛﺗﺷــﺎف اﻟﻣﺧــﺎطر واﻷﺣــداث‬

‫اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻳﺔ وﻣواﺟﻬﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﺷﺎطر ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ؟‬

‫ات وﺗﺟــﺎرب اﻟﻘطــر‬ ‫ﻫــﻝ ﻳــﺗم ﺗوﺛﻳــق ﺧﺑـر‬

‫ﻋﺔ ﺗﺛﻘﻝ اﻟﻛرﻳﺎت اﻟﺣﻣر؟‬ ‫اﻟﺧﻠوﻳﺔ وﺳر‬

‫‪16-1-1-13‬‬

‫*‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ئ‪.‬‬ ‫ءا ﻣن اﻟﺧطﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻟﻣواﺟﻬﺔ اﻟطوار‬ ‫)‪ (117‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﻛون ذﻟك ﺟز‬ ‫ات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (118‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﺗم أﻳﺿﺎ ﻋن طرﻳق ﻋﻣﻝ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎت‪ ،‬وﺗرﺗﻳﺑﺎت وآﻟﻳﺎت ﺛﺎﺑﺗﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﺻوﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻘدر‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ وظــﺎﺋف اﻟﻐــدة اﻟدرﻗﻳــﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫اﻗﺑﺔ وظﺎﺋف اﻟرﺋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫ي ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام أﺿداد اﻟﺟﺳم ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﻣﻝ‪ ،‬وﻣر‬ ‫)‪ (119‬ﻟرﺻد ﻛﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﻧﺷﺎط اﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﺳم اﻟﺑﺷر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻳﻧﺎت اﻟﺑﻳوﻟوﺟﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (120‬اﻧظر اﻟﺣﺎﺷﻳﺔ ‪.113‬‬ ‫ات اﻟﻣﻧﺑﻌﺛﺔ ﻣن ﻣﻳﻧﺎء اﻷﺳﻧﺎن‪ ،‬أو ﻣن‬ ‫ي ﺑﻘﻳﺎس اﻹﺷﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﺔ اﻹﺷﻌﺎع اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗُﻣﺗص ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﺳم اﻟﺑﺷر‬ ‫)‪ (121‬أﺳﻠوب اﻟرﻧﻳن اﻟﻠوﻟﺑﻲ اﻻﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ ﻳﺗﻳﺢ ﻗﻳﺎس ﺟر‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ى ﻣﺛﻝ اﻟﻣﻼﺑس‪ ،‬واﻟﻬﺎﺗف اﻟﻧﻘﺎﻝ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر‬ ‫اﻷظﺎﻓر‪ ،‬أو اﻟﺷﻌر‪ ،‬أو أي ﻋﻳﻧﺎت ﻣواد أﺧر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺗَﺟﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر‪ ،‬وأﻓﺿﻝ اﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت‪ ،‬واﻷدوات اﻻﺑﺗﻛﺎرﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﻳر ذﻟك‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (122‬ﻳﻣﻛن أن ﻳﺷﻣﻝ ذﻟك اﻟﻣﻧﺷور‬ ‫ات‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ْ‬

‫صفحة ‪ 33‬من ‪33‬‬

WHO/WHE/CPI/2017.41

国际卫生条例(2005)

国际卫生条例核心能力监测框架:

缔约国实施国际卫生条例监测核心能力进展情况调查问卷

2017 年问卷

Page 1 of 29

© 世界卫生组织2017年保留部分版权。本作品可在知识共享署名——非商业性使用——相同方式共享3.0 政府间组织（CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/ ）许可协议下使用。根据该许可协议条款，可为非商业目的复制、重新分发和改写本作品，但须按以下说明妥善引用。在对本作品进行任何使用时，均不得暗示世卫组织认可任何特定组织、产品或服务。不允许使用世卫组织的标识。如果改写本作品，则必须根据相同或同等的知识共享许可协议对改写后的作品发放许可。如果对本作品进行翻译，则应与建议的引用格式一道添加下述免责声明：“本译文不由世界卫生组织（世卫组织）翻译，世卫组织不对此译文的内容或准确性负责。原始英文版本为应遵守的正本。” 与许可协议下出现的争端有关的任何调解应根据世界知识产权组织调解规则进行。建议的引用格式。国际卫生条例(2005) 国际卫生条例核心能力监测框架: 缔约国实施国际卫生条例监测核心能力进展情况调查问卷 Geneva：世界卫生组织；2017 许可协议：CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO。在版编目（CIP）数据。在版编目数据可查阅http://apps.who.int/iris/。销售、版权和许可。购买世卫组织出版物，参见http://apps.who.int/bookorders。提交商业使用请求和查询版权及许可情况，参见http://www.who.int/about/licensing。第三方材料。如果希望重新使用本作品中属于第三方的材料，如表格、图形或图像等，应自行决定这种重新使用是否需要获得许可，并相应从版权所有方获取这一许可。因侵犯本作品中任何属于第三方所有的内容而导致的索赔风险完全由使用者承担。一般免责声明。本出版物采用的名称和陈述的材料并不代表世卫组织对任何国家、领地、城市或地区或其当局的合法地位，或关于边界或分界线的规定有任何意见。地图上的虚线表示可能尚未完全达成一致的大致边界线。凡提及某些公司或某些制造商的产品时，并不意味着它们已为世卫组织所认可或推荐，或比其它未提及的同类公司或产品更好。除差错和疏忽外，凡专利产品名称均冠以大写字母，以示区别。世卫组织已采取一切合理的预防措施来核实本出版物中包含的信息。但是，已出版材料的分发无任何明确或含蓄的保证。解释和使用材料的责任取决于读者。世卫组织对于因使用这些材料造成的损失不承担责任。

缔约国监测 IHR（2005）核心能力调查问卷日期: (日/月/年)

IHR 秘书处应每年向世界卫生大会报告 WHO 和缔约国在实施 IHR 方面的进展。为了协助缔约国履行向世卫大会报告的义务，IHR 秘书处开发了此数据收集工具，可以由缔约国提供关于 IHR 核心能力进展的标准化信息。问卷填写完成后，可通过电子邮件发送给 ihrmonitoring@who.int，或传真给 +41227911388 或+41227911399，或者向世卫提交纸质版本，地址是 IHR Monitoring (WHE/CPI/CME) 20, avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland。缔约国提交问卷可以让秘书处向世卫大会提交完整的报告。但缔约国是否使用该模板完全是自愿的。应回答所有的问题。

填写人信息缔约国

本报告联系人姓名和职务

电话号码电子邮件与调查问卷相关的问题可咨询 IHR 监测处 ihrmonitoring@who.int 完成调查问卷后，IHR 国家归口单位应明确需要重点加强的三个领域。对已申请两年延期的缔约国，请填写延期申请中提及的 IHR 行动计划的执行进展情况，并且突出仍存在差距的领域。

Page 2 of 29

问卷填写指南本数据收集工具为 IHR 国家归口单位和与实施 IHR 相关的公共卫生专业人员、其他部门和利益相关者合作使用而设计。完成此问卷也许需要其他部门专业人员和代表的贡献，如动物健康、食品和水安全、环境卫生、辐射、核能和化学等部门。IHR 国家归口单位应与这些专家会商完成数据收集工作。可以通过研讨会收集数据，事先将问卷发给相关专家。也可以通过其他适合国情的方式收集数据。应缔约国要求， WHO 可以提供技术协助。最终完成的问卷应由 IHR 国家归口单位提交到 ihrmonitoring@who.int, 同时抄送 WHO 地区办事处和国家代表处。问卷分为 13 部分，包括 8 个核心能力，入境口岸和 4 个风险因素。每个具体问题按照核心能力的组成要素和指标分类。每个问题均较清晰，无需多加解释。如希望增加额外评论意见，可以在每个部分最后的评论栏内填写。如需要可以另附纸说明。对每个问题，只做出一个选择（是，否或者不知道），或者填一个合适的百分比。出于统计目的，填写“不知道”等同于“否”。如果某个问题不适用于你的国家（在入境口岸部分），请在每部分最后的评论栏中注明，并且说明不适用的理由。

请注意，对于问卷中的“双问题”（即同一个标号问题下有 a 和 b 两个分问题），这两个分问题是互相关联的。但是，即便第一个问题的回答为“否”，不意味着第二个问题“不适用”。也就是说， “不适用”不应该成为第二个问题的答案。问题涵盖 IHR 实施的多个方面。应特别注意，如对某问题回答“是”，意味着本问题的所有方面均为“是”。在选择答案时，应同时考虑是否具备该能力以及该能力的质量（如内容与指标、组成要素和 IHR 直接相关），两者同时符合要求才可以回答“是”。仅实现部分能力应在评论栏做出进一步说明，但回答时应选择“否”。也就是说，回答“否”意味着还不具备全部或部分能力。如果可能，请提供以下内容的链接或纸质版本：法律和政策的文本、指定的入境口岸和主管当局、授权港口（ISO, LOCODE, SSCC, SSCEC 和延期）、网站、出版物、报告等。使用“已记载”（documented）或“文件材料”（documentation）时，意味着 IHR 国家归口单位或相关政府当局拥有相应的文件或证据，可以表明具备有关能力，并且对应指标的完成质量是恰当的。没必要提交其它相关文件材料或证据，除非本国主动要求。使用“已出版”（published）时，请参照脚注理解。使用“国家”（National）时，对联邦体制的国家，应理解为由各国自行确认的，适合于履行相应职能的合适级别。

Page 3 of 29

核心能力组成部分指标

1 1.1 1.1.1

国家法律

1、 2

、政策及资金

国家法律及政策

法律、法规、行政规章、政策及其他政府文件到位并足以3 支持国家根据 IHR 规定履行各项义务。

注: 填写前请阅读问卷填写指南。在每个问题下面标注一个合适的答案（是，否或不知道）。如填写 “不知道”，在统计时等同于“否”。如果某问题不适用你的国家，并在下面的评论栏中注明。

1.1.1.1 是否已对实施 IHR 的相关法律、法规、行政规章和其他政府文件进行过评估4？ 1.1.1.2 是否对评估相关法律、法规、行政规章和其他政府文件后所提的建议予以了实施？ 1.1.1.3 是否已对帮助 IHR 国家归口单位履行职能和实施技术核心能力5的国家政策进行过审查？ 1.1.1.4 是否实施了相关政策，以促进 IHR 国家归口单位履行核心和扩展职能6以及提高核心能力？ 1.1.1.5 是否已经出版了 IHR 相关的法律体系中的核心法律7？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

WHO组织法（所有会员国都是缔约方）规定，一旦世界卫生大会通过关于IHR的修订，该修订将自动在所有WHO会员国生效，除非会员国正式并在一定期限内提出退出修订后的IHR。拒绝或对IHR提出保留的最后时限是2006年12月15 日。没有会员国拒绝或退出IHR。两个会员国提出保留。因此，所有WHO会员国均受IHR约束，IHR具有一般意义的国际法效力。根据WHO组织法和IHR，截至2007年，受IHR约束并不要求缔约国批准或签署IHR。 2 3

并不是严格意义的技术核心能力，但对于促进其他技术核心能力的实施很重要。

要求各成员国在IHR 2007年生效之日具备履行IHR 相关义务的充分法律框架保证；附件一关于实施额外技术能力的 2012年截止日期不适用于此法律框架。

IHR并未明确要要求各国对国内法律进行评估或修改，但世界卫生大会强烈建议各国这样做，并且也体现在WHO的指导性文件中。详情请见 WHO 关于在国家法律环境下实施 IHR 的工具包，第一章第二节： http://www.who.int/ihr/3._Part_I_Questions_and_Answers.pdf。此外，一国的技术能力、国家管理体系和法律环境在IHR 2007年开始实施后也在不断变化，建议对此期间的变化进行评估。评估修改相关法律、法规、行政规章和其他政府文件所起到的积极效果，详见本文件第14页第四段。 5 6

技术性核心能力包括：监测、响应、准备、风险沟通、人力资源、实验室。在协调和沟通以外，国家归口单位的扩展职能包括风险评估、核心能力建设、宣传等（可参考国家法律实施的工具包，关 WHO 并不支持或推荐特定立法。为了共享信息， WHO 在网站上公布了各国国内 IHR 相关立法的汇编，

于国家归口单位的职能部分 http://www.who.int/ihr/NFP_Toolkit.pdf)。 7

http://www.who.int/ihr/7._Part_III_Compilation_of_examples_of_national_LEGISLATION.pdf. ，其他相关文件资料在 WHO IHR 网站可以下载：http://www.who.int/ihr/legal_issues/legislation/en/index.html。

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核心能力组成部分指标

2 2.1 1.1.1

协调8和国家归口单位沟通国家级 IHR 协调9，沟通和宣传10 *IHR 执行过程中，相关各方11之间建立有效的协调机制

2.1.1.1 在涉及国内或国际关注的公共卫生突发事件时，各相关部委之间是否有协作？ 2.1.1.2 IHR 国家归口单位和各相关部门在协作时是否有标准操作程序（SOP）12？ 2.1.1.3 是否建立了多部门、多学科的机构、委员会或工作组13，负责履行 IHR 在监测和应对国内及国际关注的突发公共卫生事件方面的要求？ 2.1.1.4a 是否定期改进上述多部门、多学科的协调和沟通机制？ 2.1.1.4b 是否已通过演练或处理真实事件来检验上述多部门、多学科的协调和沟通机制？ 2.1.1.5 对于从多部门、多学科协调和沟通机制中获取的经验，是否有行动计划将该经验用于改进工作？ 2.1.1.6 是否向所有部门的相关利益方进行 IHR 实施情况的年度通报？组成部分指标 2.1 2.1.2

IHR 协调、沟通和宣传 *依据 IHR（2005），国家归口单位的职能和运行到位

2.1.2.1 是否已经建立 IHR 国家归口单位14？ 2.1.2.2 IHR 国家归口单位如变更联络方式是否及时告知 WHO，并就国家归口单位的信息进行年度确认？ 2.1.2.3 IHR 国家归口单位是否承担了其它的额外角色15和职能？ 2.1.2.4 是否已对 IHR 国家归口单位履行职能的有效性进行评估（如沟通的及时性、透明性和适宜性）？ 2.1.2.5 是否已确定了负责实施 IHR 的相关利益方16？

8 9

协作指与IHR实施相关的部门有协作机制且该机制正常运行。各国分配或决定承担IHR协调工作的部门、机构、委员会或其它团体。宣传指所有相关利益方了解IHR，并了解本机构在实施过程中应发挥的作用。

10 11

相关各方包括，各级医疗保健系统（国家级、地方各级、社区/初级公共卫生机构）、非政府组织、农业（动物传染病、兽医实验室）、交通（交通政策、民航、港口和海运）、贸易和/或工业（食品安全和质量控制）、外贸（消费者保护、强制标准执行）、通讯、国防（移民信息），财政（海关），环境、公安、内政，卫生和旅游等部门。

SOP应规定IHR国家归口单位的职责范围和角色，协作活动的实施框架、行政层级、实施各方等，并在协作各方间散发。 13 14

各国自行决定该委员会或工作组的主席，但应保证国家归口单位参加其会议和决策过程。

各国应该已经在2007年之前建立了IHR国家归口单位，其必备的职责包括：一周7天、每天24小时与WHO保持沟通，就紧急事件与WHO沟通，从相关部门收集信息并发送WHO，将WHO与IHR有关的紧急信息转达相关政府部门，与各部门有通畅的沟通机制，与相关主管部门就正在实施的卫生措施保持沟通。 15

WHO关于国家归口单位承担额外角色的建议：http://www.who.int/ihr/elibrary/legal/en/index.html

Page 5 of 29

2.1.2.6 相关国家主管部门和利益相关者是否已获得有关 IHR 国家归口单位职责的信息17？ 2.1.2.7a 有关政府部门和利益方在实施 IHR 过程中的角色和职责是否已明确界定？ 2.1.2.7b 有关政府部门和利益方在实施 IHR 过程中的角色和职责是否已告知各方？ 2.1.2.8 是否实施了相关计划，以提高相关利益方对其职责和角色的敏感度18？ 2.1.2.9 IHR 国家归口单位是否将 IHR 事件信息网站作为获取信息的重要来源19? 2.1.2.10 你国是否已经建立有效20的 IHR 网站或网页？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

“相关利益方”是指能够影响公共卫生事件发生或在其发生后受到影响的任何群体、组织或系统，具体包括成员国国内的相关部门及非政府组织等。会员国需履行IHR规定的所有职责，除非有例外或特殊情况。此问题是指，是否开展活动以提高各部委和合作伙伴等利益方对IHR 的知晓率和了解程度。比如说至少每月都使用。有效指及时对网站进行更新，信息及时有效。

17 18 19 20

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核心能力组成部分指标

3 3.1 3.1.1

监测21 基于指标22的监测23（也称为结构化监测、常规监测或对指定情况的监测） *基于指标的监测包括早期发现公共卫生事件的预警功能24

3.1.1.1 重点监测疾病25的清单、监测条件和病例定义是否存在？ 3.1.1.2 是否有专门机构负责监测公共卫生风险？ 3.1.1.3 基于流行病调查和重点疾病的监测信息是否至少每周在国家级或次国家级进行分析？ 3.1.1.4 是否为基层对重点疾病/事件的相应程度明确了警戒和行动的基线预估、趋势和阈限？ 3.1.1.5 是否至少有 80%的报告单位实现了及时26上报？ 3.1.1.6 初级公共卫生机构是否能够及时发现指标数据中超过阈值的偏差，并采取相应行动27？ 3.1.1.7 是否将监测结果的常规28反馈29告知各级和其他利益相关者？ 3.1.1.8a 是否对基于指标的监测预警功能进行评估？ 3.1.1.8b 是否已将上述监测工作中获得的经验教训与国际社会分享？

基于指标和基于事件的监测并不一定是相互独立的监测系统，都有助于早期发现和快速应对的预警功能。尽管通常所说的监测包括了这两种监测，但根据专家组的建议，本文件将这两种监测策略进行了区分。这将有助于各国更好地实施 “基于事件的监测”这个相对更新的概念，尤其是考虑到很多国家已经建立了较成熟的常规监测体系。基于指标的监测是指常规报告病例的系统，包括法定传染病监测系统，哨点监测，实验室监测等。这种常规报告制度通常由医疗卫生机构每周或每月报告。 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 22

监测是指出于公共卫生目的，系统地收集、整理、分析数据，并将信息及时转给需要方以便采取公共卫生行动。早期预警用于发现对正常值的偏离。重点监测疾病指由各国自行定义的具有重要公共卫生意义的疾病，应包括IHR附件2中所列疾病。由国家标准予以定义。例如记录在案的对实际疾病暴发的调查，而非AFP。由各国自己定义。例如Epi公告、电子总结、信件、监测报告等。

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组成部分指标

3.2 3.2.1

基于事件的监测30 立基于事件的监测体系 *建并且运行良好

3.2.1.1 是否指定机构负责基于事件的监测31？ 3.2.1.2 是否为基于事件的监测制定了国家 SOPs 和/或指南32？ 3.2.1.3 是否实施了用于事件发现、报告、确认、核实、评估及通报的 SOPs 和指南？ 3.2.1.4 是否识别了公共卫生事件33和风险的信息源34？ 3.2.1.5 国家级和/或省级水平上，是否有获得来自不同渠道35公共卫生事件的系统或机制？ 3.2.1.6 社区领导、健康志愿者和其他社区成员是否积极参与对异常公共卫生事件的发现和报告，并对此有高度敏感性？ 3.2.1.7 基层的信息报告是否经过评估并依据需要进行完善？ 3.2.1.8a 本国在实施基于事件的监测以及将其与基于指标的监测相整合的经验和结论是否已整理成书面材料? 3.2.1.8b 本国在实施基于事件的监测以及将其与基于指标的监测相整合的经验和结论是否已与国际社会分享？ 3.2.1.9 是否和邻国达成协议，共享有可能造成国际影响的公共安全事件的监测和控制数据？ 3.2.1.10 是否使用 IHR 附件 2 的决策工具向 WHO 通报？ 3.2.1.11 过去 12 个月中，本国 IHR 国家归口单位是否将符合 IHR 附件 2 通报条件的所有事件在进行风险评估36后的 24 小时内向 WHO 进行了通报？

如果答案是否，本国 IHR 国家归口单位将多少比例的符合 IHR 附件 2 通报条件的事件在进行风险评估37后的 24 小时内向 WHO 进行了通报？

基于事件的监测是指有组织的快速捕捉到可能造成公共卫生风险的事件信息。该信息可能是谣言，也可能是通过正式（常规报告系统）或非正式（媒体、卫生工作者或非政府组织）渠道提交的报告。 31 32 33

该系统可以是现有的常规监测系统的一部分。可覆盖事件的发现、报告、确认、评估及通报。

包括暴发人类疾病的事件，如聚集性疾病或症状，医疗卫生人员或其他人员发现的不寻常的疾病模式或莫名死亡病例，以及有可能将人暴露给疾病的事件。信息来源可以包括卫生渠道，如中毒中心、兽医和动物健康部门、环境卫生服务部门、药品警戒中心、检疫机构、环境卫生机构和相关实验室（水、食品、环境监测等）、食品安全当局、卫生监督机构（餐馆、酒店、建筑）、供水公司、入境口岸主管当局。非卫生渠道包括辐射保护机构、辐射监测服务、核监管机构，消费者保护团体、政治渠道、非政府组织、使馆、军队、监狱、媒体、公开渠道（网络、学术媒体）或社区渠道。其他渠道可以反映公共卫生事件的影响，如药房可监测药品消费模式，学校监测学生缺勤率，气象中心监测气候变化的影响（降雨、温度）等。 35 36 37 34

包括兽医、媒体（印刷版、广播、社区、电子版、网络等）。根据本国的机构设置，风险评估可在不同层面（国家层、次国家层）进行。根据本国的机构设置，风险评估可在不同层面（国家层、次国家层）进行。

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3.2.1.12 过去 12 个月中，报告的突发38事件是否全部在接报后 48 小时内进行了风险评估39 ？

如果答案是否，过去 12 个月中，报告的突发事件中，多少比例的事件在报告后 48 小时内进行了风险评估？ 3.2.1.13 过去 12 个月中，IHR 国家归口单位是否对世卫组织所有的核实请求在 24 小时内做出 ?

如果答案是否，IHR 国际归口单位对多少比例的世卫组织核实请求能够在 24 小时内做出响应？ 3.2.1.14a 是否已对决策工具的使用情况进行审查? 3.2.1.14b 是否已根据获得的经验和教训改进决策程序？ 3.2.1.15a 是否将关于通报和使用 IHR 附件 2 的经验和结论整理成书面材料? 3.2.1.15b 是否将通报和使用 IHR 附件 2 的经验和结论与国际社会分享？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）

38 39

根据IHR附件1，紧急事件的标准包括严重公共卫生影响和/或不寻常或未预料到的高传播风险。根据本国的机构设置，风险评估可在不同层面（国家层、次国家层）进行。

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核心能力组成部分指标

4 4.1 4.1.1

处置快速处置能力 *建立突发公共卫生事件40处置机制

4.1.1.1 在国内或国际关注的突发事件快速处置中是否有可利用资源？ 4.1.1.2 在突发公共卫生事件应急处置中，是否建立指挥、沟通和控制的管理流程？ 4.1.1.3 在国家级或其它相关级别是否有正常运转和专门的指挥、控制操作中心？ 4.1.1.4 在过去 12 个月，是否在真实事件中或模拟演练中运用应急处置管理流程（包括激活处置计划的机制）？ 4.1.1.5 a 在真实的或模拟的公共卫生应对后，是否评估了应急处置管理流程（包括激活处置计划的机制）？ 4.1.1.5b 在真实的或模拟的公共卫生应对后，是否更新了应急处置管理流程？

4.1.1.6 你国是否有快速应急处置小组41 (RRTs)应对可能的突发公共卫生事件? 4.1.1.7 是否有调度 RRT 成员的 SOPs 或指南？ 4.1.1.8 是否对工作人员（包括 RRT 成员）开展了样本收集和运输的培训？ 4.1.1.9 是否有特殊情况下病例管理指南？ 4.1.1.10 是否对应急处置情况（包括应对的及时性42和质量）进行系统评估？ 4.1.1.11 紧急事件43首次报告后，能否在 48 小时之内44部署多学科的 RRT？ 4.1.1.12 国家是否向其他缔约国提供帮助以发展他们的响应能力和实施控制措施？组成部分指标 4.2 4.2.1

感染控制45 国家和医院等级建立感染预防和控制（ IPC）体系 *在并且运行良好

4.2.1.1 是否在国家有关部门下明确医疗救治相关感染监测的职责？ 4.2.1.2 是否在国家有关部门下明确细菌耐药性监测的职责？ 4.2.1.3 国家感染预防和控制的政策和指南是否已经到位？

40 突发事件在这里是指与IHR相关的突发事件。 41 快速响应小组是由多部门、多学科人员组成的小组，他们准备着在24小时内（附录1A，第6h条）对公共卫生事件做出反应，他们在暴发调查和控制，感染控制和消毒，社会动员和沟通，样本采集和运输，化学事件调查和管理，辐射事件调查和管理方面经过培训。小组的成员构成由相关国家决定。 42 43

及时性指发现事件和启动响应的时间间隔。根据IHR附件1，紧急事件的标准包括对公共卫生有严重影响和/或有非寻常或不可预计的高传播风险。

44 某些风险的应对也许需要比48小时更快。 45 这种能力被认为是以卫生设施为基础的、制度化的国家级 IPC项目（工作任务书、经过培训的员工、在医院里可获得、预算、活动等）。 Page 10 of 29

4.2.1.4 是否向所有医院提供了关于感染预防和控制的 SOPs、指南和规定？ 4.2.1.5 依据国内或国际标准，对需要特殊隔离46的病人，所有三级医院是否有指定区域或标准流程？ 4.2.1.6 在所有三级医院中，有资格的 IPC 专业人员是否到位？ 4.2.1.7 是否制定了明确的标准和指南以保护医护人员47？ 4.2.1.8 感染控制计划在全国范围内是否已经实施？ 4.2.1.9 是否有对高风险人群48的监测，以便迅速发现和调查传染病病人群体，以及不明原因群发疾病？ 4.2.1.10 是否评估和公布了感染控制相关措施和效果？ 4.2.1.11 是否建立了细菌耐药性监测体系？ 4.2.1.12a 是否有效实施了细菌耐药性监测体系？ 4.2.1.12b 是否有细菌耐药性数量和趋势的有关数据？ 4.2.1.13 是否实施了保护医疗卫生工作人员的国家规划49？

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

隔离设施包括：指定区域（如单人房间或病房），足够人手和合适设备来管理感染风险。

47 保护其免受来自与卫生保健相关的感染。 48 49

高风险人群包括ICU病人，新生儿，免疫抑制病人，有特殊感染的急诊病人等。

可包括对医务人员的预防性措施及治疗。如针对医务人员的流感和肝炎疫苗接种。为确定潜在的“实验室感染”而开展的职业卫生和医疗监测项目，或事故和伤害的监测。 Page 11 of 29

核心能力组成部分指标

5 5.1 5.1.1

准备50 突发公共卫生事件准备和响应 *制定并实施应对多种危害的国家突发公共卫生事件应急预案

5.1.1.1 是否开展了关于目前国家级机构和资源是否满足 IHR 核心能力的需求评估51？ 5.1.1.2 是否制定了满足 IHR 核心能力需求的国家级项目计划52？ 5.1.1.3 国家突发公共卫生事件应急预案是否包括 IHR 相关的多种危害因素和 PoE？ 5.1.1.4a 国家突发公共卫生事件预案是否在真实的突发事件或模拟演练中实施/测试？ 5.1.1.4b 是否已根据需要改进国家突发公共卫生事件预案？ 5.1.1.5 目前是否存在流程、预案或者策略，从国家和省级层面重新分配或调动资源，以支持社区 /基层层面的行动？

5.1.1.6 是否已实施了相关流程、预案或者策略，从国家和省级层面重新分配或调动资源，以支持社区/基层层面的行动？ 5.1.1.7 是否已根据需要审议并完善上述流程、预案和策略，以便从国家和省级层面重新分配或调动资源，以支持社区/基层层面的行动？ 5.1.1.8 是否有关于提高负载能力的国家级项目，以应对国内和国外关注的突发公共卫生事件？ 5.1.1.9 负载能力是否经过公共卫生突发事件或演练来测试？（作为反映计划的一部分）

5.1.1.10a 是否以书面形式记录有关突发事件响应和负载能力动员的经验和结论？ 5.1.1.10b 是否已与国际社会分享有关突发事件响应和负载能力动员的经验和结论？组成部分指标 5.2 5.2.1

IHR 准备的风险和资源管理注共卫生风险和资源 *标并应用了公

5.2.1.1 是否有卫生及其他 IHR 相关部门的专家名录，用以支持突发公共事件及潜在危害的应对？ 5.2.1.2 是否开展国内风险评估53，以明确潜在“突发公共卫生事件” 54及其最有可能的来源？ 5.2.1.3 是否开展应对相关危害和重点风险的国内资源进行评估55？

50 为提高公共卫生突发事件应急能力所做的准备包括IHR实施。 51 即当地基础设施规划、PoE、卫生设施、主要配置和物品、人员、资金来源、专家、设备、实验室、机构、协助社区工作的非政府组织和交通。 52 要适应国家实际情况（联邦政府与中央政府）。 53 此评估将检查各种风险、疾病暴发模式、当地疾病传播模式、被污染的食物和水源等。 54“紧急事件的标准包括对公共卫生有严重影响和/或有非寻常或不可预计的高传播风险。” Page 12 of 29

5.2.1.4 是否了解国家面临的风险和拥有的资源？ 5.2.1.5 是否定期对国家风险情况进行评估，以便应对潜在威胁？ 5.2.1.6 是否定期评估用以应对重点风险的国家资源，以便应对潜在威胁？ 5.2.1.7 是否有可行的计划56来管理和分配国家储备？ 5.2.1.8 对于重点的生物、化学和核辐射事件以及其他突发事件，储备是否到位？ 5.2.1.9 你国是否对国际储备57有所贡献？

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

55 56 57

见上面脚注51。及时替换药品、储存药品的适宜条件，将药品分配到全国的药房和医院。国际储备包括常规储备和为应对真实暴发的储备。 Page 13 of 29

核心能力组成部分指标

6 6.1 6.1.1

风险沟通公共沟通政策和程序 *建立突发公共卫生事件期间有效的风险沟通机制，并且该机制

运行良好

6.1.1.1 风险沟通合作伙伴和利益相关者是否已经明确？ 6.1.1.2 风险沟通方案58是否已经制定？ 6.1.1.3 在过去12个月中是否有风险沟通方案通过真实的突发事件或者演练被实施、测试以及更新？

6.1.1.4 在公共卫生事件中是否有相关信息澄清59和报导的政策、SOPs和指南？ 6.1.1.5 为了信息的传播，是否定期更新信息源并向媒体和公众开放60？ 6.1.1.6 是否有可利用的相关 IEC 材料（信息、教育和沟通）满足公众61的需求？ 6.1.1.7 在过去 3 次国家或突发国际公共卫生事件中，是否在证实后的 24 小时之内通知公众或伙伴真实或者潜在的危险？

6.1.1.8 在突发事件后，是否对公共卫生沟通进行评估，包括沟通的及时性、透明度62和妥善性？ 6.1.1.9 是否已将评估结果用于改进风险评估计划？ 6.1.1.10 公共卫生突发事件中风险沟通效果评估的结果是否与国际进行交流？

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

预案包括了解国内沟通伙伴、联系人和相关机构的信息和能力。在公共卫生信息公布之前，有相应的程序让科学专家、技术专家和沟通专家做出澄清。这包括网站、网页，社区会议，全国广播等。

59 60 61

应该系统地考虑受公共卫生突发事件影响的个人、伙伴、社区的观点和感受，包括脆弱群体、少数民族、弱势群体和其他处于风险中的人群。. 62 这里透明度是指开放性、沟通和责任，即关于公共卫生风险的所有信息是公开的和可自由获得的。.

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核心能力组成部分指标

7 7.1 7.1.1

人力资源能力人力资源能力力资源能够达到心能力发展的要求 *人 IHR核

7.1.1.1 是否有明确的单位负责评估人力资源能力以满足国家级 IHR 需求？ 7.1.1.2 与满足 IHR 需求相比，在现有的人力资源63中是否有硬性差距？ 7.1.1.3 是否存在包括满足 IHR 人力资源需求的人力发展或者培训计划？ 7.1.1.4 根据培训计划，在人力资源的数量和技能方面所设定的目标是否实现？ 7.1.1.5 是否已制定一个计划或战略，开展或参加国内、地区和国际层面的现场流行病学培训（一年或更长时间）？ 7.1.1.6 关于开展或参加国内、地区和国际层面现场流行病学培训（一年或更长时间）的计划或战略，是否已得以实施？ 7.1.1.7 关于 IHR 相关危害的人力资源培训，是否有专门项目并有预算？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

评估培训需求可以通过发放问卷，寻求专家共识，系统性回顾或其它恰当的办法。.

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核心能力组成部分指标

8 8.1 8.1.1

实验室64 实验室诊断和确诊能力验室服务可用于监测重要卫生威胁 *实

8.1.1.1 是否有政策确保实验室诊断能力的质量（资格鉴定或许可等）？ 8.1.1.2 是否有国家实验室质量标准/指导纲领? 8.1.1.3 你国是否可获得国际实验室网络的支持，来满足诊断和确诊的实验室需求，以便对支持 IHR 附件 2 中所提及的事件暴发的调查？ 8.1.1.4 对重点疾病的诊断和确诊，国内是否有相应的实验室能力？ 8.1.1.5 a 是否有具备相关诊断能力的公共和私人实验室65的最新详细目录？ 8.1.1.5b 是否可以获得上述公共和私人实验室的诊断能力？ 8.1.1.6 国家参比实验室是否成功地66参与针对主要公共卫生学科67诊断实验室的外部质量评估计划？ 8.1.1.7 每年是否有 10 个以上的非 AFP 危险样本送到国家参比实验室检验？ 8.1.1.8 国家参比实验室是否根据国际标准68或根据国际标准改良的国家标准进行认证？ 8.1.1.9 关于临床标本的包装和运输，国家法规是否与正在实施的国际指南相一致？ 8.1.1.10 是否有收集、包装、运输临床标本的有效69系统？

8.1.1.11 在公共卫生事件中，是否将标准的样本采集和运输工具箱放置在合适的层级，以便一旦需要可以迅速启用？ 8.1.1.12 关于传染性物质的安全运送，是否对国家或相关级别的工作人员进行相应国际标准（ICAO/IATA）的培训？

64 IHR附件1第6（b）段公共卫生应对将通过专业人员提供对样本的实验室分析（在本地进行或通过WHO合作中心）以及后勤协助（如设备、供给和交通）。

65 66 67 68 69

有相应的能力。 “成功地”表示符合EQA的相关标准。如病毒学、微生物学、免疫学等。国际标准：ISO9001，ISO17025，ISO15189，WHO脊灰、麻疹等。采集合适的样本并储存良好，及时地送到适当的实验室。

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8.1.1.13 在突发公共卫生事件调查和处置工作中，运送传染性物质的程序是否符合 ICAO/IATA 标准？ 8.1.1.14 在调查突发公共卫生事件时，临床标本是否可以在适当时间内收集70并送到适当的国家或国际参比实验室进行检测？ 8.1.1.15 每年是否至少有 10 个危险样本运送到国外的合作实验室进行调查？组成部分指标

8.2 8.2.1

实验室生物安全 *实验室生物安全（生物风险管理71）到位

8.2.1.1 每个实验室是否可获得生物安全指南？ 8.2.1.2 是否有关于实验室生物安全的条例、政策和策略72 8.2.1.3 是否指定了对实验室生物安全负责的部门73 8.2.1.4 相关人员是否按照生物安全指南进行了培训 8.2.1.5 是否有指定机构或个人74负责检查（包括生物安全设备认证）全部实验室对生物安全规定的遵守情况？ 8.2.1.6 是否对国家级实验室开展生物危险75评估，以指导和更新生物安全法规、流程及实践，包括对传染性废弃物的净化和管理？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

70 71 72

根据国家或国际标准。

对实验室内或与实验室相关的生物风险进行管理。包括保护实验室工作人员的当地政策和法规（如免疫、紧急抗病毒药物、针对孕妇妇女的特别措施等），以及危险物质管理和处理的策略/指南。 73 可以是专家组、委员会或机构。 74 有分配的资源， SOP等。 75

生物危险指处理、操纵、存储和销毁传染物质而带来的风险。 Page 17 of 29

核心能力组成部分指标

9 9.1 9.1.1

入境口岸（PoE）入境口岸 (PoE)76 的基本职责 *履行 PoE 的基本职责（包括协调和沟通）

9.1.1.1 是否确定了 PoE 监测的优先领域77？ 9.1.1.2 指定的 PoE 是否与监测部门共享了监测信息？ 9.1.1.3 是否举办了审查会议（或其它合适的方法），以明确指定 PoE？ 9.1.1.4 根据 IHR 附件 1，是否已指定相应港口/机场/陆路口岸加强能力建设？ 9.1.1.5 请列出指定的 PoE 的数量。 (如不适用，请填 n/a): 港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

9.1.1.6请列出这些被指定 PoE 中，有明确“主管当局”78的 PoE 的数量79。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

请将指定 PoE（港口、机场和陆路口岸）名称、以及有明确“主管当局”的 PoE 的更新信息，通过电子邮件发送到 ihrpag@who.int，或通过传真发送到+41227914667。

9.1.1.7是否已将被授予签发船舶卫生相关证书的港口名单80发送至 WHO（根据第二十条第三款）？如果 “否”，请将授权港口名单，包括 ISO, LOCODE, SSCC, SSCEC 和 Extension 通过电子邮件发送至 ihrpag@who.int 或传真至+41227914667

9.1.1.8是否已根据需要，对相应法律、法规、行政命令、程序和其它政府法律文书进行更新，以协助在指定 PoE 实施 IHR？

9.1.1.9是否已在指定 PoE 实施了更新的 IHR 卫生文件81？ 9.1.1.10 是否已对指定 PoE 进行了评估82?

76 77 78

请在评价表格里填写指定的机场、港口和陆路口岸的数量。由各国自行确定。

请包括名称、PoE 类型（如港口、机场等），“管理当局”、地址、电话、邮箱地址、传真、指定PoE的日期和名单、评估过的指定PoE的日期和获WHO认可的数量（名称）。 79 详见IHR（25）第19条B （相关功能详见第22条第1款）。 80 请包括LOCODE，SSCC，SSCEC和延期，并附上授权的口岸名单。 81 国际疫苗接种或预防证书、船舶卫生证书、航海健康申报，以及航空器总申报单的卫生部分。 82 如使用PoE核心能力评估工具和电子表格，详见 http://www.who.int/ihr/ports_airports/PoE/en/index.html

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9.1.1.11 请列出已评估的 PoE 数量（请参考问题 9.1.1.5 关于你国指定入境口岸的数量。已评估的入境口岸数量应小于等于指定的口岸总数）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

9.1.1.12

请列出被你国和其他国家联合指定的 PoE 数量。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

请将评估过的指定 PoE 名单、和联合指定的 PoE 名单通过电子邮件发送到 ihrpag@who.int，或通过传真发送到+41227914667。

9.1.1.13

请列出具备 IHR 附件 183规定的沟通程序的指定 PoE 数量？港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

9.1.1.14

指定 PoE 和医疗机构之间，是否有信息沟通机制？

9.1.1.15a IHR 国家归口单位和 PoE 主管当局以及相关部门之间，是否有沟通和协调程序？ 9.1.1.15b IHR 国家归口单位和 PoE 主管当局以及相关部门之间的沟通、协调程序是否已经过测试？

9.1.1.16a

你国 PoE 主管当局与其他国家主管当局之间的沟通程序是否已经过测试？

9.1.1.16b 是否根据需要更新你国 PoE 主管当局与其他国家主管当局之间的沟通程序？

9.1.1.17

在指定的 PoE 之间，是否有关于防控疾病国际传播的双边或多边协议或安排？

组成部分指标

9.2 9.2.1

时刻关注核心能力 *在 PoE 建立84常规能力和有效监测85

9.2.1.1 请列出可获得适当的医疗服务，包括对患病旅客进行快速评估并护理的诊断设施，以及足够的人手、设备和场地的指定 PoE 数量（附件 1b,1a）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_________

83 在入境口岸主管当局和地方、中间和国家层面卫生主管当局建立沟通机制。与其他高级卫生官员建立直接执行联系。与运输经营者、旅客建立进行卫生信息联系。与服务提供方进行联系。为传递WHO信息和建议进行沟通，在入境口岸与主管当局进行沟通。 84可作为国家监测系统的一部分，或依据国家情况来分配。

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9.2.1.2 指定 PoE 能调动设备和人员，以便将患病的旅行者运送至适当的医疗设施，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_______

9.2.1.3 指定 PoE 有保证救治场所的环境安全监测项目86正常运作，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_______

9.2.1.4 在指定 PoE 或指定 PoE 附近有媒介和宿主监测、控制项目正常运作，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸______

9.2.1.5 指定 PoE 有经过培训的人员对运输工具进行检查，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸______

9.2.1.6a 在过去 12 个月中，是否对指定 PoE 存在的卫生威胁的监测工作进行了审查？ 9.2.1.6b 是否已发布87了上述监测的审查结果？ 9.3 9.3.1

组成部分指标

PoE 对突发公共卫生事件应对的核心能力 * 在 PoE 建立有效应急响应机制

9.3.1.1 PoE 是否建立了应急响应的 SOPs？ 9.3.1.2 指定 PoE 已建立和完善突发公共卫生事件应急预案，为突发公共卫生事件提供适当

的应对措施，包括在相应的入境口岸、公共卫生和其他机构和服务部门任命协调员和指定联系点，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_____

9.3.1.3 指定 PoE 已测试并根据需要更新了突发公共卫生事件预案，请列出达到此能力的 PoE 数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_____

9.3.1.4 指定 PoE 能提供与其他旅行者分开的适当场地，以便对嫌疑受染或受染的人员进行访视，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。（附件 1b, 2c 款）港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_____ -

86 87

视情可包括饮用水供应、食肆、飞行餐饮设施、公共洗手间、相应的固体和液体废物处理和其他潜在风险处理 “发布”指可以通过公开渠道获得，如网站或参考书籍。

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9.3.1.5 指定 PoE 能为疑似受染旅行者提供医学评估和隔离，并为受染旅行者或动物88提供救治，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。（附件 1b, 2b 和 2d 款） - _______ 机场_______ 港口陆路口岸_____

9.3.1.6 指定 PoE 能对到达和离港的旅行者采取出入境控制措施89和其他适宜的公共卫生措施，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_____

9.3.1.7 指定 PoE 能调动专用设备和穿戴合适个人防护装备并受过培训的人员，以便运送可能携带感染或污染的旅行者，请列出达到此能力的指定 PoE 的数量（按类型）。港口_______ 机场_______ 陆路口岸_____

9.3.1.8a 是否已对 PoE 公共卫生事件响应的有效性进行了评估？ 9.3.1.8b PoE 公共卫生事件响应有效性的评估结果是否已经公布？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

请注明指定 PoE 的评估情况以及评估使用的工具。

88 89

通过当地医疗机构或兽医设施，安排隔离、治疗或支持服务。包括对入境或离境旅客进行出入境控制，对行李、货物、集装箱、交通工具、物品或邮包进行灭虫、灭鼠、消毒、除污或进行其它处理，包括适当时在为此目的特别指定和装备的场所采取这些措施。

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核心能力组成部分指标

10 10.1 10.1.1

人畜共患病事件监测和应对国内或国际关注的人畜共患病事件的能力立人畜共患病或潜在人畜共患病制 *建检测和应对机，该机制运行良好

10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2

是否在政府主管部门内部建立对人畜共患病监测和应对的协调机制90? 国家监测和应对人畜共患病的政策和策略是否到位？

10.1.1.3 负责动物卫生（包括野生动物）的机构是否指定联络人与卫生部和《国际卫生条例》国家归口单位91协调92？ 10.1.1.4 正常运转的跨部门合作机制，包括动物和人类健康监测机构和实验室，是否建立93？ 10.1.1.5 10.1.1.6 是否有重点人畜共患病及其病例定义清单？是否对人畜共患病数据系统地、及时地收集和整理？

10.1.1.7 在动物卫生部门、实验室、人类健康监测机构和其他相关部门之间，是否有关于人畜共患病潜在风险及人畜共患病突发事件的及时94和系统的信息交换？ 10.1.1.8 国家是否能获得国内或国际实验室能力，来确任主要的人畜共患病事件（通过已有的程序）？ 10.1.1.9 人畜共患病监测是否在社区实施？ 10.1.1.10 是否有定期更新的关于人畜共患病事件的专家名册或清单？ 10.1.1.11 对于人畜共患病疫情暴发，人类及动物卫生部门是否建立了应对机制？ 10.1.1.12 是否能及时95应对（依据国家标准）80%可能引起国内或国际关注人畜共患病？如果选择“否”，请问有多大比例的可能引起国内或国际关注的人畜共患病事件能被及时应对？ -

10.1.1.13 在过去的 12 个月中，是否将与人畜共患病危险因素和可能引起国内或国际关注的人畜共患病事件相关的国家经验96和调查结果与国际进行分享？

监测和应对协调可能是不同主管当局的职能。协调包括信息共享、会议、制定SOPs。此处也提到协作的能力（核心能力2），此问题应该在核心能力2处得到解决。

91 92 93

包括联合工作组或其他在动物健康和人类健康监测之间建立的机制，如定期会议，联合风险评估，风险沟通，计划，监测等。 94

“及时”根据各国情况而定。此处“及时”指发现和响应之间的时间。包括信息产品、标准、最佳实践和创新性工具等。 Page 22 of 29

95 96

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接： -

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

Page 23 of 29

核心能力组成部分指标

11 11.1 11.1.1

食品安全

监测和响应可能构成国内或国际关注的食品安全突发事件的能力立食源性疾病及食品污染应对机制 *建监测及，该机制运行良好

11.1.1.1 国内或国际食品安全标准是否到位97？? 11.1.1.2 促进食品安全控制工作的国家食品法律、法规或政策是否到位98？ 11.1.1.3a 国家食品相关法律、法规和政策是否不过时99? 11.1.1.3b 国家食品相关的法律、法规和政策是否得到落实？ 11.1.1.4 国家食品安全主管部门，INFOSAN（如果是成员）突发事件联络点和 IHR 国家归口单位之间是否建立有效的协作机制？ 11.1.1.5 国家食品安全事件多部门协调机制100是否已经到位并运行？ 11.1.1.6 你国是否是 INFOSAN101的成员102？ 11.1.1.7 是否有主要食品安全风险的清单？ 11.1.1.8 是否有关于监测、评估和管理主要食品安全风险的手册或指南？ 11.1.1.9 是否执行了关于监测、评估和管理主要食品安全风险的手册或指南？ 11.1.1.10 是否已评估了主要食品安全事件的监测、评估和管理，并根据需要完善相关程序？ 11.1.1.11 是否系统收集和分析有关食品污染的流行病调查数据？

11.1.1.12 基于风险的食品监测机制是否到位？ 11.1.1.13 国家是否具备分子技术等实验室能力，根据已有程序确认国内或国际关注的主要食品安全事件？ 11.1.1.14 在食品安全主管部门、监测单位和其他食品安全相关机构间是否有及时103和系统

的信息交换？

可建立在国际标准上（如国际食品法典的ISO标准）国家食品安全控制体系包括：食品法律和法规，食品控制管理，监督，实验室，食品监测，流行病学数据，信息，教育，沟通和培训。 97 98

99 100

由各国自行定义。

可以是一个网络、工作组、委员会或其他机制，以分享可能影响食品安全事件的信息，可以迅速运作以有效降低食源性疾病的风险. 101 活跃指定期登陆其网站，在危机事件中共享信息，与INFOSAN分享信息。 102 INFOSAN 由 177 个国家食品安全主管当局组成的网络，由 WHO 和 FAO 发起并管理，发布与全球食品安全相关的信息，并协助提高国家和国际合作。 Page 24 of 29

11.1.1.15 是否有负责食品安全事件评估和响应的专家名册？ 11.1.1.16 是否执行了应对 104

食品安全事件的操作方案？

11.1.1.17a 是否在实际应急事件或演练中对食品安全事件的应对操作方案进行了检验？ 11.1.1.17b 是否根据需要完善食品安全事件的应对操作方案？ 11.1.1.18 追踪、召回和处理污染食品的机制105是否建立？ 11.1.1.19 用于向“从农场到餐桌”相关利益者传递信息、教育及建议的机制和材料是否到位？ 11.1.1.20 食品安全控制管理体系（包括进口食品）是否实施？

11.1.1.21 有关食源性疾病和食品污染暴发的信息是否被使用，以加强食品安全控制管理体系、安全标准和法规的建设？ 11.1.1.22整合了整个食品安全链数据的食品安全事件、食源性疾病趋势和暴发数据分析的汇编资料是否已经发布106？请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

103

“及时”根据各国情况而定在食品安全事件应对过程中重要步骤包括调查、风险评估、风险管理、风险沟通、有效检查和召回制度。

104 105

这包括所有可能成为污染源的产品，如动物饲料，食品原料和成品。 “发布”指公众可以从互联网或书籍等公共渠道获得。 Page 25 of 29

106

核心能力组成要素指标

12 12.1 12.1.1

化学事件发现并应对引起国内和国际关注的化学性公共卫生事件的能力 *建立发现、预警和应对可能构成国际关注的化学性突发事件的机制，该机制运行良好

注 : 填写前请阅读问卷填写指南。在每个问题下面标注一个合适的答案（是，否或不知道）。如填写“不知道”，在统计时等同于 “否”。如果某问题不适用你的国家，并在下面的评论栏中注明。

12.1.1.1 12.1.1.2 12.1.1.3 12.1.1.4 12.1.1.5 12.1.1.6 12.1.1.7 12.1.1.8 12.1.1.9

是否指定了专家107对化学事件进行公共卫生评估和响应？化学性事件监测、预警和应对的国家政策和计划是否到位108 ?

负责化学性事件的国家主管当局是否有指定的联络点负责与卫生部/或 IHR 国家归口单位的协调109 和沟通？是否与相关部门建立了协调110 机制，以便监测和及时响应化学性事件？相关部门是否实施了有效的协调机制来监测和及时应对化学事件？对化学事件和中毒事件的监测是否到位？对于可能构成潜在的国内和国际公共卫生关注的重点化学事件/现象，是否有清单？

对于可能成为化学性公共卫生突发事件源头的危险地点和机构（如化工装置和有毒废品站），是否有详细目录？是否制定了国家化学品档案111？

12.1.1.10a 是否有化学事件快速评估、案例管理和控制的手册和 SOPs？

12.1.1.10b 是否宣传了化学事件快速评估、案例管理和控制的手册和 SOPs? 12.1.1.11 对于紧急的化学事件和潜在的化学风险，化工部门112、监测部门和其它相关部门是否进行及时和系统的信息交换？ 12.1.1.12 对于化学突发事件，是否有应急预案明确相关机构的任务和职责？ 12.1.1.13 是否具备实验室能力或有权使用实验室能力来确认重点化学性事件？ 12.1.1.14a 化学事件应急预案是否已经过真实事件或演练的检验? 12.1.1.14b 化学事件应急预案是否已并根据需要完善？ 12.1.1.15 是否建立了资金充足的中毒中心113? 12.1.1.16 是否将构成国内和国际关注的化学事件和风险相关的国家经验和发现与国际社会分享？

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：

107“专家”包括化学评估人员，风险管理人员和临床毒理学家。 108 109

预警的要素包括覆盖面、何时以及如何发出预警的标准、值勤表等。请注意，此处与核心能力2的“协调”内容交叉。此要素在核心能力2中也应充分实现。 110 请注意，此处与核心能力1和2的“立法、政策和筹资”内容交叉，此要素在上述核心能力中也应充分实现。 111 112 113

国家化学品档案的定义和相关信息可参考以下网站：http://www2.unitar.org/cwm/nphomepage/index.html 如化学性事件监测，环境监测和化学性事件报告。如临床毒理学，7/24热线，材料数据表，安全数据表和化工企业联系方式。

Page 26 of 29

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

Page 27 of 29

核心能力组成要素

13 13.1 13.1.1

辐射突发事件发现和应对可能构成国内、国际关注公共卫生事件的辐射和核突发事件的能力 *建立发现和应对可能构成国际关注的辐射和核突发事件的机制，并且该机制运作良好

指标

注: 填写前请阅读问卷填写指南。在每个问题下面标注一个合适的答案（是，否或不知道）。如填写“不知道”，在统计时等同于“否”。如果某问题不适用你的国家，并在下面的评论栏中注明。

13.1.1.1 13.1.1.2 13.1.1.3 13.1.1.4 13.1.1.5 13.1.1.6 13.1.1.7 13.1.1.8

是否已确定专家对核和辐射事件进行公共卫生评估和应对？是否已制定了发现、评估和应对辐射突发事件的国家政策、战略或预案？是否实施了发现、评估和应对辐射突发事件的国家政策、战略或预案？

对放射性材料、样本的国内和国际运输和废物管理，包括医院和医疗机构的废物管理，是否有国家政策、战略或规划？在主管核法规/安全的国家当局和相关部门114之间是否有良好的协调115和沟通机制116？

负责核和辐射突发事件的国家当局是否已指定联络点与卫生部和 IHR 国家归口单位进行沟通和协调？是否监测可能构成国际关注公共卫生事件的辐射突发事件？

在辐射主管当局和人类健康监测部门之间，是否对可能构成国际公共卫生关注的突发辐射事件和潜在风险进行系统性的信息交换？术性指南和 SOPs？

13.1.1.9 a 是否有关于辐射突发事件管理（包括风险评估、报告、事件核实和通报、调查）的技 13.1.1.9b 是否已对辐射突发事件管理的技术指南和 SOPs（包括风险评估、报告、事件核实和通报、调查）进行评估和改进？ 13.1.1.10 是否有辐射突发事件应急预案117? 13.1.1.11 是否定期进行辐射突发事件应急演练，包括请求国际援助（视需要）和向国际通报？ 13.1.1.12 是否有机制可有权使用118具备管理病人和辐射突发事件能力的（国内外）医疗卫生设施？

13.1.1.13 是否（在国内或国际上）可获得实验室能力，发现并确认辐射事件的存在，并确定潜在辐射危害因素的种类（α，β 或 γ）？

13.1.1.14 是否与专业实验室有合作机制，可以有权使用119实验室进行生物鉴定120，通过细胞分析和 ESR121进行生物辐射剂量测定？

13.1.1.15 与专业实验室（该实验室可进行生物鉴定，通过细胞分析和 ESR 进行生物辐射剂量测定）的合作机制是否已进行评估？，

13.1.1.16 是否将发现和应对辐射风险和事件的国家经验122进行书面记载，并与国际社会分享？

关于风险评估、风险沟通、规划和演练的协调，也包括紧急辐射事件发生期间的协调。与核心能力1和2交叉。 116 信息分享、会议、制定合作响应的SOP。 117 可以是国家突发事件应急预案的组成部分。 118 可通过协议、特殊安排和机制获得相关合作机构的能力。 119见脚注114。 120通过全身计数器、肺监测器、甲状腺监测器来监测人体或生物样本吸收的辐射量。 121 ESR（电子自旋谐振技术）通过测量牙齿、指甲、头发或衣服、手机等其他材料样本，来测算人体吸收的辐射量。 122 可以包括出版物、信息产品、标准、最佳事件、创新性工具等。 114 115

Page 28 of 29

请提供相关文件材料的 URL 链接：-

请在此填写对以上问题的评论意见或澄清，并列出未反映在问卷中的本国开展的活动（如需要可以另纸说明）：

Page 29 of 29

Key facts

Organisation World Health Organization (WHO)

Document type Technical Documents

Adoption date June 23, 2017

Source World Health Organization