Mekong malaria elimination programme: epidemiology summary, volume 18, April-June 2022

2022 QUARTER 2 OVERVIEW Cambodia Cambodia reported 1216 cases, a 43% increase compared to the same time period in 2021. P. falciparum + mixed cases and P. vivax constituted 8% and 91% of cases, respectively. China (Yunnan Province) Yunnan reported 30 P. vivax cases and 0 P. falciparum + mixed cases. Among those, no indigenous cases were reported. Lao People's Democratic Republic Lao People's Democratic Republic reported 727 cases, a 9% decrease compared to the same time period in 2021. P. falciparum + mixed cases and P. vivax constituted 21% and 79% of cases respectively. Myanmar Myanmar reported 43842 cases of which 11% were P. falciparum + mixed cases and 89% were P. vivax. It should be noted that only partial data was available for Myanmar during this period. Thailand Thailand reported 3448 cases, a 207% increase compared to the same time period in 2021. P. falciparum + mixed cases and P. vivax constituted 3% and 95% of cases, respectively. Viet Nam Viet Nam reported 76 cases, a 46% decrease compared to the same time period in 2021. P. falciparum + mixed cases and P. vivax constituted 45% and 55% of cases, respectively. In Apr-Jun 2022, Greater Mekong subregion (GMS) countries reported 49 339 malaria cases. Volume 18 April–June 2022 EPIDEMIOLOGY SUMMARY MEKONG MALARIA ELIMINATION PROGRAMME 2022 GMS DATA AT A GLANCE (APR-JUN)* 49 339 cases 49% P. falciparum + mixed cases compared to the same period in 2021 1 540 641 tests conducted 91% P. vivax cases compared to the same period in 2021 85% cases compared to the same period in 2021 *only partial data was available for Myanmar during this period of 2021-2022. 12% tests compared to the same period in 2021 64%56% -65% 516% -33% 49% 40% 57% 89% 205% -53% 91% % change in cases % change in cases 2 CHANGES IN P. VIVAX CASES IN THE GMS FROM APR-JUN 2021 COMPARED TO APR-JUN 2022 CHANGES IN P. FALCIPARUM + MIXED CASES IN THE GMS FROM APR-JUN 2021 COMPARED TO APR-JUN 2022 * Data from Viet Nam is at the provincial level. The boundaries, names shown, and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. 2 REGIONAL MAP OF P. FALCIPARUM + MIXED CASES BY DISTRICT (APR-JUN 2022)* Number of P. falciparum + mixed cases Number of P. vivax cases *Data from Viet Nam is at the provincial level. The boundaries, names shown, and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. 4 REGIONAL MAP OF P. VIVAX CASES BY DISTRICT (APR-JUN 2022)* Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic Viet Nam Myanmar Thailand 5 *Data from 2022 -covers January - March NUMBER OF P. FALCIPARUM + MIXED CASES BY MONTH AND COUNTRY (2020–2022)* 0 50 100 150 200 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 20 40 60 80 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 50 100 150 200 250 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c NUMBER OF P. VIVAX CASES BY MONTH BY COUNTRY* (2020–2022) Cambodia Viet Nam Myanmar Thailand 6 *Data from 2022 covers January - March Lao People's Democratic Republic 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 100 200 300 400 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 20 40 60 80 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% 1.2% Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c 0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% Ja n Fe b M ar Ap r M ay Ju n Ju l Au g Se p Oc t No v De c MONTHLY TEST POSITIVITY RATE (TPR) BY COUNTRY* (2020–2022) *TPR is calculated as number of confirmed cases divided by number of tested cases (including rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy) per month per country. *Data from 2022 covers January - March 7 Cambodia Viet Nam Myanmar Thailand Lao People's Democratic Republic 81 Mixed cases include cases identified with more than one Plasmodium species. Other cases refer to P. malariae, P. ovale, P. knowlesi and unknown cases. Data in the table includes microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). 2 Numbers of cases includes data from two systems: the malaria information system (MIS) and the health information system (HIS). 3 Numbers of cases for China refers to imported and relapse cases in 19 border counties of Yunnan Province . No indigenous cases were reported in 2020. 5 Malaria deaths from Thailand are officially reported annually. MONTHLY MALARIA CASES AND DEATHS BY COUNTRY IN 2021 (JAN–DEC) Country Surveillance indicator1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Ca m bo di a2 Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 64 563 69 240 73 576 64 730 68 611 69 433 68 631 68 928 68 963 62 412 68 951 70 691 818 729 Confirmed cases 545 383 338 241 270 339 373 369 377 325 373 396 4 329 P. falciparum cases 68 30 19 7 16 22 24 26 17 25 29 58 341 P. vivax cases 477 351 319 219 253 315 349 343 360 300 344 338 3 968 Mixed cases 0 2 0 15 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imported cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch in a3 Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 6 366 6 752 7 044 7 697 8 994 11 001 10 178 9 451 10 769 10 524 6 593 8 631 104 000 Confirmed cases 4 3 8 10 12 25 30 8 4 7 4 3 118 P. falciparum cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P. vivax cases 4 3 8 10 12 25 30 8 4 7 4 3 118 Mixed cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imported cases 3 3 5 9 11 25 30 7 4 7 4 3 111 La o Pe op le ’s De m oc ra tic Re pu bl ic Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Suspected cases tested 40 893 40 013 44 544 44 390 47 777 57 134 59 933 57 608 67 299 60 269 64 881 59 398 644 139 Confirmed cases 296 158 161 161 211 429 372 340 558 386 479 374 3 925 P. falciparum cases 110 78 63 87 98 246 112 89 206 90 101 59 1 339 P. vivax cases 185 79 95 73 111 183 258 245 352 296 375 310 2 562 Mixed cases 1 1 3 1 2 0 2 6 0 0 3 5 24 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imported cases 1 4 2 7 2 12 7 1 2 1 3 7 49 M ya nm ar Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 8 Suspected cases tested 170 823 121 850 116 932 118 377 142 385 164 914 177 511 136 681 130 998 123 050 127 666 113 919 1645 106 Confirmed cases 3 197 2 171 2 329 4 119 6 944 12 579 13 393 7 354 5 153 5 063 4 760 4 118 71 180 P. falciparum cases 773 430 284 522 828 1 617 2 428 1 712 1 405 1 300 1 534 1 299 14 132 P. vivax cases 2 398 1 721 2 029 3 558 6 090 10 931 10 896 5 585 3 709 3 726 3 170 2 763 56 576 Mixed cases 26 20 16 39 26 31 69 57 39 37 56 56 472 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Th ai la nd Deaths Data not available4 Suspected cases tested 51 072 49 972 60 443 49 339 56 010 66 982 61 924 57 638 41 628 40 594 51 569 52 817 639 988 Confirmed cases 132 133 141 179 418 525 406 271 223 202 224 362 3 216 P. falciparum cases 5 4 8 3 8 7 2 5 1 6 6 6 61 P. vivax cases 119 121 114 164 404 504 391 262 213 191 214 345 3 042 Mixed cases 2 2 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 9 Other cases 6 6 19 13 5 14 10 3 9 5 4 11 104 Imported cases 9 13 23 17 79 106 142 76 64 62 83 128 802 Vi et N am Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 98 937 92 798 125 048 130 068 129 902 137 760 100 607 94 499 101 726 107 008 100 678 94 617 1 313 648 Confirmed cases 39 18 36 33 37 71 37 26 15 62 61 24 459 P. falciparum cases 19 10 22 20 12 19 12 8 7 23 33 20 205 P. vivax cases 19 8 14 13 25 52 25 18 8 37 28 4 251 Mixed cases 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 Imported cases 5 6 7 7 6 3 3 3 0 0 5 7 52 91 Mixed cases include cases identified with more than one Plasmodium species. Other cases refer to P. malariae, P. ovale, P. knowlesi and unknown cases. Data in the table includes microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). 2 Numbers of cases includes data from two systems: the malaria information system (MIS) and the health information system (HIS). 3 Numbers of cases for China refers to imported and relapse cases in 19 border counties of Yunnan Province. No indigenous cases were reported in 2021. 4 The monthly data for 2021 reported under Myanmar is not final and may be subject to change. Data on imported cases is currently not available for Myanmar 5 Malaria deaths from Thailand are officially reported annually. MONTHLY MALARIA CASES AND DEATHS BY COUNTRY IN 2022 (JAN–DEC) Country Surveillance indicator1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Ca m bo di a2 Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 67 383 71 600 77 900 74 555 78 547 87 644 457 629 Confirmed cases 338 242 210 315 378 523 2 006 P. falciparum cases 22 30 18 29 28 41 168 P. vivax cases 314 210 189 285 343 473 1 814 Mixed cases 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Other cases 2 2 2 1 7 9 23 Imported cases 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 Ch in a3 Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 7 239 5 670 5 931 7 282 8 079 9 716 43 917 Confirmed cases 2 4 5 10 9 11 41 P. falciparum cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P. vivax cases 2 4 5 10 9 11 41 Mixed cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imported cases 2 3 5 10 9 11 40 La o Pe op le ’s De m oc ra tic Re pu bl ic Deaths 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 Suspected cases tested 56 646 55 375 64 827 62 886 63 787 75 685 379 206 Confirmed cases 231 131 161 131 224 372 1 250 P. falciparum cases 34 22 28 26 38 82 230 P. vivax cases 197 107 132 102 184 290 1 012 Mixed cases 0 2 1 3 2 0 8 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imported cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M ya nm ar 4 Deaths 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Suspected cases tested 152 156 150 929 164 798 136 384 155 017 188 611 947 895 Confirmed cases 5 690 4 673 5 206 8 315 14 769 20 758 59 411 P. falciparum cases 1 214 714 552 927 1 542 2 417 7 366 P. vivax cases 4 427 3 930 4 622 7 362 13 176 18 281 51 798 Mixed cases 49 29 32 26 51 60 247 Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Th ai la nd Data not available5 Suspected cases tested 42 806 37 722 38 214 38 919 64 699 79 667 302 027 Confirmed cases 303 225 219 456 1 184 1 808 4 195 P. falciparum cases 5 4 5 9 38 45 106 P. vivax cases 271 207 189 426 1 111 1 737 3 941 Mixed cases 0 0 0 2 10 13 25 Other cases 27 14 25 19 25 13 123 Imported cases 117 74 73 180 427 699 1 570 Vi et N am Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suspected cases tested 70 290 79 193 98 474 123 998 138 038 147 127 657 120 Confirmed cases 17 14 24 27 28 21 131 P. falciparum cases 8 6 7 11 10 13 55 P. vivax cases 9 7 17 16 18 8 75 Mixed cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other cases 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 Imported cases 4 3 4 1 12 9 33 NOTES Data sources: Reported cases include cases reported from all sources of public health facilities, community health workers and the private sector. Disclaimer: The Mekong Malaria Elimination (MME) programme is an initiative aimed at supporting the countries in the Greater Mekong subregion towards the goal of malaria elimination by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) has compiled data for this publication based on reports from the countries in the Greater Mekong subregion. The data presented in this publication are based on available data as of August 2022. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this summary do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. WHO does not warrant that the information contained in this summary is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. This summary may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted, reproduced, transmitted, distributed, translated or adapted, in part or in whole, in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of WHO. WHO/UCN/GMP/MME/2022.04 © World Health Organization 2022. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. Previous quarterly epidemiology summaries can be found on the MME programme website