WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTal
AEGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACifiC
IUAEAU R£GIONAL DU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL
TECHNICAL DISCUSSIOnS
I'mmty-third Session ::N=
27 September - 5 October 1972
'-IPR/RC23/TD7 3 October 1972
ORIGINAL: ENGLISIt DISCUSSIONS ON /lENVIRO~';:';ENT';L 'POLLUIION PROilLEHS AND APPROACH TO TIiEIR COllTROL IN TIlE WES'IER:i PACIFIC REGIOn" REPORT OF TUE TECHNICfl~
1.
Subject
The Re8ionnl Co=ittee for the "THO Western Pacific Region, under Resolution ~!PR/RC22.r..25 selected "Environmental 2011ution ProblemS' and Approach to tr.cir Ccntrol in the Western Pacific Region" as Technical Discussions subject for its tvlenty-third session in 1972. ,
2 October 1972. This report the cliscussions~ 2.
The Technical Discussions took pIece on 29 end ·30 Sept~nbcr and su~rizes the results and conclusicns of
Plannin~ end preDarntion ior the discussion5
"
• J
In 1971, on the reco~.endatlon of the Re~iori~l Director and the cc,-.::urrencr; of the Chaiman of the t~lenty-second session of the Regional. CC=ittee, Mr a.It.L. Hnrcourc, Assistant Director (Environmental Health), Department of lIenl th, Wellinston, Ne~1 Zealand, \leS designated as Chairman of the Technic~l Discussions. T-\.:o uorking papers on the subject \Iere prep&red and distributed to the Representatives of ~!enber count7iesand ~f international orgnniz<!tions, as well as to observers of non-governmental ct'zanizations attending the Regional Co=ittee Heetin~. Other documents for the Technical Discussions included the programme, p'CClcedures and technitjue, guidelines for the discussions, discussion group me.::bcrships and an evaluatio:l <juastionrwire. In addition, the Assignment Ri.'nort on Environl:lental Pollution Central in the Western Pacific by l'~: Conrnd P. Straub, reference WPRO 320l-E, dated 4 February 1972 .wa~ lIsed as a Bnck£round Document. A list of the 1.-lorking docUl:lCllts is given in Annex 1.
3.
Or~anlzation
of the Discussions
The objectives of the Technical Discussions were: (a)
To exchange inforcation on environmental pollution and its control in the countries of the \-lestern Pacific Region.
lVl'R/RC23/TD7 page 2 (b) To make sugsestions for broadening and rendering more effective the involvement of the public health authorities in these matters.
The sequence of the discussions '.las: first plenary session; group discussions; c:nd second plenary session. The first plenary session concerned itself Tlith an overview of the subject matter. The group discussions permitted a more detailed consideration. of the subject, \lithin the franet·/Ork of the objectives of the discussions. The second plenary session enabled the participants as a body to revieu the consolidated group reports as presented in the Draft Report of the Technical Discussions. The leadership of the Technical Discussions I~as organized as follows: Plenary session, Chairman: Mr R.R.L. Harcourt; Rapporteur: Mr R. Coddington; Discussion Group A, Chaiman: Dr R.W. Cu=ing; Rapporteur: D1? Tou Siang YeolJ; Discussion Group il, Chai~an: Dr Ii.S. ~h8n; Rapporteur: Dr J.O. Tuvi; Discussion Group C, Chairman: Dr '50 Sttta; Rapporteur: Dr Nguyen Tu~n Phon.:;. The Secretariat I·)as represented by Hr A. Tomassi, Regional Adviser on Environoental llealth, HPRO <lnG Dr V.i>. Vouk, Scientist, Environmental Pollution, Division of EnVironmental Health, WilD lleadquarters, Geneva.
A list of officers and members of the Technical Discussions is given in Annex 2. 4. First Plenary Session
The first plenary session ~Jas opened by the Chairman, Technical Discussions, Hr R. R.L. Harcourt. He referred to the ReGional COrcr:',iLee Resolution v!PR/RC21.R12 of 7 Scpterr.:'er 1970, thor~zing the Regional /' Director to forculate a regional pro0r2~e on environmental pollution con~rol and to the fact-finding and progra=a planning mission in 1971 which visited a nur:lber of }lewber countries in th(. Region and summa"'izE:Q the major problems and needs. The resulting region;::l long-term prosrar..me in environIT.ental pollution control incorporates the b2sic objective of wl10 efforts in this field "to reduce pollution of the air, \-later and land, including nui.,ances, noise and radiation to 10ve1s not const:'tuting a h;zard to health yet not impedi n 3 soci2l, econcmic and technolo::;ical dev(.loPQent." The session pas concluded by a brief presentation of t~e main outcomes and reconmendations of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, h~ld in Stockholm in June 1972, hiohliGhting the ccrn?cnents of the proposed action plan ~lhich are of direct relevance to national health authorities and IIRO.
a. .
5.
Disc'lssion and C::lnCl'lsi:::ms
The follo~in2 description of environmental pollution was submitted for the con:;ideration of the groups: "Hus;tn activities inevitably introduce Haste material .:lnd ener[;Y into the environ::;cnt; ',hen that material or energy endanser or is liable to enccnser m<m';; hoo1th', his ucllbcin;; or his resources, directly or indirectly, i t is called a pollutant." .. ~,
HPR/RC23/TD7 page 3 D'lring t';e p::-esentati::m of c'J'mtz;' statements, several factors emerged to show t:te nature and extent 'Jf the envir:mmental poll':tion problems' confronting !';ember co.tntries. In most co;mtries, poll'ltion i'ro:n fl'lman wastes is the pred:>ininant issue, "rlth the accompa~r1n:s demand for proper w!iter S'lPPly and sewera~e systems, and exc~t'\ and :;arbage disposal.'In areas with hi~!1er levels of devebpment,' ind'lstrial poll'tti::m e:dsts, leallin~ to increased water poll:~tion, air polbtion. and noise. Oil spills, pollution related to transportation, contamination ':If fO':ld by t':lxic s'lostances and problems of ground subsidence are also being experienced. In several co'mtries, inter-ministerial committees have been e-ste:plished fO'l' t:'e preservation of the qnalit~r of the enviro:l.."!ent. Laws, criteria and st"'n,~·,ards are either under stud~' or already in force. It appears, however, that inslfficient ~onslderation by governments is being ~iven ~o t:le availability, p:' t?e ne'cesstory trained personnel. The lack of sufficient f~nds for t~econd~ct of adequate environmental poll~tion controlpro~a~~s was reported as proolem comr.on to most 1,lem;Jer c3·mtries. " In some cases; local·a'J.thorities have the power to applj' s'lbstantial fines for contravening envir:;mmental protecld.:m laws. Tbe ;lisn rate 0: increas~_ and unbalaneE!d distrib\ltion o!' the po:oalat1on ~tithi:t a c:nn4;r:; 'Aere l'eco;::ni:ed asa major Cln::e of environm~:ll;al de~radation in SOt:le co·,:,ntries.
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a
5.1
S'.!b.ject areal: 'Sia;ni:!'icance to hee.lth
DisCQssior. ~~~wed a considerebre divergence o~ ~pinion amon~st l:Iemi:ers of the ,\rJ'tp ai'out ~1:1at was meant by "cr.virol"_'liental polll.ti~n." The ';;ZOO'lP a:;reed t:lst basic sanitati:m and food hygiene pror~al!!lnes forr.:ed an essential part of e !':viron~ntal hedth and poll':tior: c~ntrol. Several participgnts pOinted out that the effects o~env1ron~enta1 were ",ell-establisted for p~ll>ttants flUC',} as pat.hor.enic micro-~r,;anisr.1s, for: ac':te poll,ttio,,: ep~~ ~odeE', and ':!'or occ-:.pathnal exp~s~t.res. flo~·tever, disctl.Jsion showed that with decreasing levels :-f 1!XpOS'lre, O'll' knOlfledT,e of e~.!'ects of most pollutant!! bec:>r.tes uncertain •. _ It was' pOinted O'lt that t~e lin.1t between. enviZ'O!illlental factors and chronic disease is ·~saall~·.ver:.' s\\-'tle and often cannot be detected except,with statistical met:l:>ds applied to lar:;e pop~letiotls. An expos :re ~hic', \OloaB :'ave no, e:!'fect on a !:ornal ad'llt, co·11d., "'01' exaople, aggravate a c!lronic illl:es S. Ver:r few st':~ies have been c::md:tcted wi t:1in the' Region t:> determine t:le e:rects o:~ environmental' pollation :>0 h:ll:lan heaLth • "ll:~tiononhcr.lt":1
Tile signifil!ance of the effects 01' environmental poll:ltion on he~lth appears to be generally rec~f.nized and for this reason he<h agencies ' are invol'l~d 'in the establishment ~f standards and in the implementation of' environmental qlalit'! policies.
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\·rm/?.G23/'rD7 page 4 C~nclusions: International ~idelines for~he ~mpr~ement of the qaali ty :If the envi~nment shoald be i'urther developed. T:tis w::)Uld ::'e p~rt1c'tlarl:r nseful to c~mntries which cannot, as yet, carry o"t research and evaluation st:~dies re'lulred as a basis for standards. International collaborative st',:d.ies on the e:!'fcc~s of p:lll::ti~n on healt~l and the exchan~ of in~ormat~~n sflould be enco'lrar,ed. S",~h collaboration w:l',lld probah17' rcd'lce ~he overnll cost and increase the efficiency 0':' the plennint and implementation or national envi~n:::ental control pro~r&woes •
<;.2
S'l;),ject 'f1'!'ea :': E:d:::ter.ce and effectiveness re~ul'ltbg 19'7lsbtion ,
.
or
ena:.,lin; nnd
Altho'l<:.:h havi::::; le!7,islati,on cover~n~ v!l.rio'lS aspects 0:' envi~nme~tal polbtbn, 1-1emoer c::l'llltries represen~ed were, aware oi' the nee:1 tor further le~isl~tion to !,ive nore c~plete c~erage,o~ the Pield. T~eTe 1s a trend in so~,e collntries 'i;o",ards the r.1e"elo~l!l~t of' overBl legislllti:m ewi".iracin1 man:! aspects 0'''' the e~vironment and 'poss!' ;1:,' lca1inB t;> the ~or:nat1on ofa cOI~p!'e··:e'1sive en'/ir':>r_":!e'ltal p,~e;~c," •. It waR ~elt that the role 0:' s:'.ch a:;encies sh:mld :1e t~ co-ordi:1ate POU;lt:l:on coqtrol ef'f:'orts. The e!'tects :>f 10 ;1slation whic~ is too rc:;tricti'fc ~!ere \'eported and dis~·.\£sion also to'lc~c1 Ilpon t;le ~lative ef!'ect:l of deterrents as opposed t':> incentives. i, tn<! .~or difficultr is in the 'implement:\t1on of the law once it is passed, and in :levelopin-: this to;,ic t'lQ discussion covered plans for impleme,ntati:m, thO! pcrs::>nnel rcqu;.rEid f':>r enforce~ent and 1'01" checkin~ c~:r.pl.iance '1ith re;\.lla~ions, and tllc adequacy of lab':>rat::>rj" facilities and :\bancial re SO'.ll'ce S• ' Conclqoions: IncreMed c.o-ordination o:!' the ad.'IIinlstr'ltion of' existi:l'~ legislflti':>n and co.. operati:>n run:>np; a!\t!r:>r~ties ",as pre f'er&ble to the "overall" le~isl,ati,?n. "~ore.. emp~esis s~0111d be placed on· incentives rat'1er "'ban eetel'rents. ~~isla!;ion sho'~ld;JEt accompanied r.y the means for i~ple::1en. tatioo, incl'!di::g funds for adequate recrdting and traininS of stat! needed. for the enforcement. .' Greater responsibility S110'11d be placed on l::>wer lev.:ls of g:)Vermuent and 0,1 the individ;,al. E:l:;.cation of tbe p:~:'l1c. in the overall irnplica~ion~ ~~ environoent~l pollution le,zislation, includint;. the ;Cinancial aspects, is essential for its success:~ll tmpler.lentation.
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WPR/RC23/TD7 page 5
5.3
S'lb,iect area 3:
P:>licy and priorities .
The difficlllty of applying unifonn standards for pollntion control to the -varying sit,,-ations and n~eds. of Memcer countries was recognized. Generally the de:!l'ee of control of polhtion is related to national socio-economic policies. - In some cases the dilemma of the pr~otion of socio-economic. development versus environmental q\lEl.lit;r is evident. Di.scussion s~o~.,ed that co n!'l.ict need not arise and that ec::momic development can be planned to minimize environmental poll'lti:m. T:1e importance of the health agency in c:nntering over-emphasis of ec:momic .development without in-built environmental safeguards tras acknowledged. .. .
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.•r-
Developin2: t;:o\~ntries need not. repeat the mistakes of the more devel:>ped cnntries res'llting in the creation ,of avoida:,le polLttion. The effective. control of pollWl'lii:>n . from long established so':rces is likely to be protracted and expensive. In most .co'lntrien, the highest priorities in POlllltio~ control are the pr:>tection, of wat.eT s:~pplies. and food~ and the safe disposal of haman wastes. Scarcity o~ water in some areas tends to emphasize quantity bef:>re quality. pro,~rammes
The valtle of t~e emplo~nt ofp'tblic health en~ineer!.l as leaders in envir::mmental health pro~all'.mes in government health a~ncies was acl{n:>wle:i~ed by several i·:cm:)cr co mtries. These ofricers are prOving to be val;lable as health rcpres'entative.c on poll~ttiotl c:>t:tr:>l a:;encies, for liaison with engtneers in public w:>rks departments, and as leaders of multi-disciplinar.t tea.J:Is in environmental protection.
P:>licy There is a rieed for·health_ap.;encies to continually remind the people and their governments of the importance of envir6nmental quality. The sO·.1I'ces of environmental p:>ll~tion should be ascertained and harm·rlll effects on human health of different types ,of pollution assessed. Measures for the contr:>l of environmental pollutiort shoo 'ld inc~ltde:
(a) . the provision for and improvement of the basic sanitary and. lEalth s"'r.'lcture of the c:>untry;
t'lPR/R:':-';?3/TD7 paee 6 . inte~rnti:m of' anti-pollution co!')tr:>l pro~mmes t~e s~cio-econ~ic development or the country;
--.. legislati::m;
in (c) (dJ
appropri~':'e
Countries S'10 .:ld ta:~e d'le cognizance 0:' their own economic and. financial reso '.rces and the sta~ of development to enable them to ta:~e ~eas'U'es \.,hich are realistic and practicaole a.nd likely to a~t'li,n S!lOrt- and lon:-;-terfll :)b.~ectives. Some' cOtmtries req'lire aS3i!!ta!'.ce in tl1e develof.!"'..ent 0:' sJ:propriate environ!l!e:~tal poll"ti:>;: c-:>::t:"ol lcr;islation fIond advice :>n the plannir-.3 and p~1asing of: t':.e necessar;, ~:;:,o:;rt,mmes. healt~l promotio~,
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si;er.cies s:totlld strenBthcn t.~,eir role in thc co-ordi!latior., Rtl:"Veillnnce and eval:lation o~ activities in tIle :"ield of' etlvlr:)nr.tent~l polllltion control, and in devel-:>pin.:; preventive pn,:;ro,::ur.es, inclt',ding e&rl.t" ict'entL"ication o:!' new e!lvir.,;,m~ntp.l !laze.rds to p'\blic health., The :t is considerei e3scntial that health a'~ncies be ef:('ec:tivel:r representei on enviror~ontal co-ordi~~in~ and p1annin7, bodies. 3.;10uld all:>Ct'.te lll1f.f.'icie;:t '!",.mds for the satis. -rf~Ct:>~' c:>:-!7.':ct 01' e !1Vil':>nmenta1 p:>lll'tbn cor.t],'ol, p!'o~D.rnr.les. Ir. most co~~~ries, a ~i~r.er ~inancial p~i6rity is ~iven to c:lrative ratl~er t;;'lIn preventive healt;l services. This sitl1stion calls fo~ a critical review of. the allocation of funds •. rna'~ers
-.
Policy
Priorities for action . 3anic sru~i~t'.ti:m an" health services a13 stP.l'tin~ pOints in pbll:ltion' contr-:>l.
aNr:>priatc
!.ppr:>prie-t.eJ.:' tTained pers:mnel, especial1.~.. at field level, Sllo;tld he ~".:~e a."o.i1aolc. . ComrnunicE.tio'l and liaison between health a'~ncies and o:ther depRrtrJerits rezp:>n~i~le f:>r' socio-~conomic ievelopment should 1)0 firmly established., P:~blic healtl1 engineers in the national health aeenc:r are considered essential for facilitatinJ S;.1C:1 liaison.
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. pt:"'e7
. 'trPR/nc23/'ro7
.Pollution prevention and control S!1011ld be given adeq·.~ate consideration in the ovcrall plan:'linp; of Ian.l :lr.e and Url,8l'! anet industrial devclopmcnt. 5.1~
n·\"l.'ect area I~:
J.!anp':'I:.,er apd traini!':,>;
T'lere was discussion on whe.ther the health a~ncy sho·.tld continCle to h?,~'c' r,pecitlli.::::o:l perconnel for ad-rice 011 t;'.e control 0:' !,oll'~tion. I,n i1':!nti~icati:>n or the variol!s cr.. :'e'~:>ries of pers:mnel re'l ·.ircd. ['or tl':':?RC rnncti.O:1s \'!S3 atterr.pted. A dir,tir.ctbn' :...a& r.w.de r'et~!een f!'lalifica<';i-:>na for denlin,:, ~fitl1 pollati:m fro!!} ;1'~man wastes and o~j~<;r !'?rr.1S ~a.;'~pollltion,. pl?rtic:tlarl~: 01' a c:lcmical nlIt:lre. T:,e sC!lrcit:~ o:~ troinin": inst!t'lti::>n3 intheRe~ion was noted, particularl:"~or French:=;pealdn'3 pers::mnel.
.......
Concl·).Sions: The need. f()r an. adeo",ate' number of' s'lit"l?l:' q':nlifieQ staf~ is ll.ndisp'lted.· I~ the 'more traG.i tbnal ,~ield 07' poll'ttio:1 from h',tr.lan ~I!\,<;tes t!':is need is hein.r: r.:ore or less adeqnatel~r r::ct. ';ealth a~e:icies :,tlVe dif'r'ic:,lt:· l.n i>llilclin'; up :nfficient r.1l3.np~~'1el." ,to cope' a4eq·1.at~1:r wit~ t'le' demands of r.1~re recentl:! rec~snized forms of poll:ttion. T:le h"d:=;etar:r conseqll.ences of' an expanded, s~Etf'; r.ho,tld root be overlooked. ~le need for'speciali~ed staff is e~~andine. In addit!on to t:,e traditional p·:.i,l;c :lcalt:l of~icers, sar.it'lr:! or pllhlic he<i~ engineers and pui)lic ~ealt:l. inspc.ctors, other pro,~'essionals q'lalified in Holo:;.', c;,er.tistI"J, ph:'llics, mat:1ematics incl'ldin~ stntistics, ecolo!,V, socio-ec~nor.:ic and hellaviolral sciences are req'.1.ir~d.
5.5
SlJ.b::ect area S:
&hcati.on of'ti!e p"hlic and decisi')n Mn:,crs
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)
It ~1as s"s::,!!,ested that the l'l'.tccess of' S~! environmental poll':tlon 'control pro:rramme wO';ld 1r.:rzel:: deper.:i '!pon the 'P11blic' s co::cel"n for 'the q'.lulity o~ thc environment. T':ir: in t:lrn depended on t;'!e ed'lcation of t'le p.'.>lic. If a programme received the ~1;loleheF..rted s'mnol'i: of the pop'.latio:1, t:le p~rsonnel involved in the e~:ec:ttion '0 ~ tile pro~rarnrlle "10'lld acquire stat·,.s in t.:.eir career. I1op·.llar s'lpport mir,!lt even cause more f'evoul'sif,le bud;;etar~' proviSions. T:1e need ror hcr.,lth education to overcome traditional attitudes end practices 1,)rcvar:oting tile proper 'lse 0:' sanitary ft>cilities lies emphash~ed oy several.
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1'lPR/RC23/TD7 page 8
Conclllsions: 1I'.ducat1o~1 progranmes a:'E!.,considered of fundamental importance and should .receive the f'.ul support of" governments and theiJ" health a~nc1es. .' .... . ~ne' lorGest gains be achieved in directing educational pro;rammes towards the young, as part of their" sch:>ol activities. The effectiveness o~ this policy, however, depends to a large. extent on the existence or good sanitary c:mditions 'in schools and on the nbilit;: to d.e:nonstrate practically the preservation end enhancement of. environmental q'lalit;.-.
may
visual,eq·.1:!.p~nt
Educational errorts should make the most effective use. of audioand t1:e ma~s media among which television wa3 considered the' most direct. . Sub~ect area
5.6
6: Collection and
.
evaluat~on of date - le~oratories
1'11e development of' information, col'lection and retrieva,l systems related to poll!~tion problems varie's with 'the de:l:ree of ec')nomic development of countries and the financial and manp~rer re&o~ces t:lat they can devote to this task. It also depends to' what e;:tent the problem j-lstities the effort to collect and ar.al~·?e the relevant information. of activities_ 0:' laboretories, their number and a eOllntrJ depends ~1]):>n the extent of er.vironinental po11;1";:I.on, the :I,mport~1Jce ~lhic:, government a attach to its c:mtrol, the sta;~e :r~ development and financial and manpower reSO'lrces.· Some ins~~nces '-lere cited ,.,!lere there was a duplication 01.' f~metior.s hett~een laboratories attached to different agencies, or even different departments 0.(' the same agency. . ' ,
The ~cope distri~)"tion in
,
Concl'lsions: To obtain information 'about the effects on h\~n health of enviroromental pollution add degradation, systematic collection, evalufftion and re~rieval of' data 1s re1':ired. !.fonitonng and . surveillance 'systems ShO:l1d be esta'ulished for the collection of iIi!'ormatioll on environmental polltttbnproblems. Tile nature and co:n.i>le,,-'ity . of systems saould be related to the sts.te of d.evelopment of ~untries and their ability to Process find interpret .' the in~ormatiQn gathered. . ... Information ShO!lld be. f.reely shared with other cotmtries, especially those with similar.conditions, and made aveilable t·o international organizations concerned with envi1';)nmental quality.
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:pa~9/l0
WPR/RC23/TD7·
An integraterJ. laborat::>rY network Sh::>lllcf be established or further developed w~th prop;rcssivel~' m:lre ·c::>rnplex f"nctions 30in~ fran the peripheral (provincial) thrOll'lh the intermedia".;e (regional) to the centre,l (r!ational) or~ani7ational levels. Methods of anntysis3h::>llldbe standarc1.i~:ed within 0. CO'llltry and bro".~ht int~. line "lith recommended international methods, in order to make res'llts meanin.:;:ful and easil~.' comparaole. Rer,ular c::>ns1l1tation ,,,ith international re:r.erence centres shollld be pr::>r.loted. "
.. 6.
Assistance from. international SO~lrccs t-lill be req'dred by some cOlmtrie3 in develo'Dintl'; and esta'olis~nG national environmental p::>ll~ti::>n control laborato~es. Second Plenal'? Session
.
The Chairman introdllced the draft report and considerable discns3ion rOll0t'led. This led to a U1u:iher of amendments, ~lhic!'l ~le]:e end5rsed by all the pl'rticipnnts in the Tec:-mical !)isc~lssions, to~ethe~ tnth the conclusi:>o3 sh::>wn ill Section 5 of this report.
7.
Evaluation
T:,e replies to the eval'llition qllesti::mnaires are sl1llll"\&ri~ed in Anney. 3. This ShOt'IS 'that the Technical ~incu33ions met their ob;)ectives and afforded a 300d opport~tnit.v for a pro~ita'ble e::c~.anbc of: Vietfs. Amon!; the s'ler.:estions made to, enhance t!le 'lsef:.llness of f'lture Technical Discllssions t-Tcr<t: ~,
-the preparation of cOllntry papers by ,pal'~ici!>f!ntfl,on topics for t:1e discllssions would provide valua1::le additional, information; . -the allocation of topics to groups is desirable bl.lt sholtld be made known to participants as early as p03sible.
\'!PR/RC23/TD7: page~ 11/12
ANNEX 1 LIST OF HORKING PAPERS AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS -~PR/RC23/TDl
Planning the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution, by Mr R.R.L. Harcourt, Assistant Director (Environmental Health), Departnent of Health, Wellington, Net'l Zealand Elements of a Health.-Oi-iented Environl!lentsl Pollution Control Procrar-me, by Dr v.n. Vouk, Scientist, Environmental Pollution, Division of Efivironmental Heal th, HHO HeaciquClrters, . Geneva" Technical Discussions Programme Procedures and Techniques for the Technical Discussions Guidelines for the Technical Discussions Discussion Group Memberships Repo~t
WPR/RC23/TD2
WPR/RC23/TD3 WPR/nC23/TD4 WPR/nC23/TD5
l-lPR/RC23/TD6 ~lPR/RC23/TD7
of .. the Technical Discussions Questionnai~e
HPR/RC23/TD8 HPRO 320l-E
Evaluation
Assignment Report on Envi~onmental Pollution Control in the Western Pacific, by Dr Conrad P. Straub, 4 February 1972
_ .... '.
1'TPR!RC?3!TD7
par,e 13 ANNEX 2
LIST OF OFFICERS AND MEt1BERS TEClillICAL DISCUSSIONS BUREIIU ET MEMBRES DES DISCUSSIONS TECHNIQUES GENERAL CHAIRNAN " PRESIDENT Mr R.R.L. Ilarcourt Assistant Director (Environmental Health) Department of Health Mr R. Coddington Environmental Protection Agency ,San Francisco DISCUS3IO:~ GROUP II . GROUPE DE DISCUSSION A
New Zealand Nouvelle-Zelande
RAPPORTEUR
United States of limerica EtatG-Unis D'Amerique
CHAIRHAN PRESIDENT RAPPORTEUR
Dr R.H. Currming Nedical Officer Department of Health Dr To\o1 Sians Yeol'] Deputy Director of Health Ministry of Health Dr J. Azurin Director Bureau of Quarantine Department of Health Mr F.S. Cruz Director of Public Health and Social Services Territory of Guam Professor T. Fusayama Tokyo Medical and Denl~l UII:;'''ersity National Treasurer of the International Dental Federation in Japnn nnd Consultant to the FDI Commissions on Dental Education and Dental Research
Australia Australie Malaysia Halaisie Philippines
MEMBERS MEl-IDRES
United States of America Etats-Unis D'Amerique International Dental . Federation
:TPR/RC23/TD7
page 14 MEl-mERS MEMIlRES Dr T. Ishimaru Director of Health and ~lelfare Statistics Department Minister's Secretariat M1nis~ry of Health and Welfare Dr J.e. King Associate Director Office of International Health 'Publi~ He~lth Services Department of Health, Education, and Helfare Mr H.S. Lee Vice-Consul Korean Consulate 1n Agana Mr J.e.p. das Neves Second Secretary Embassy of Portugal Mr E.n. Noroian President and Chief Executive Officer Presbyterian University Hospital' Pittsb~rgh, Pennsylvannia Dr P·.H. Dill-Russell Chief Medical Adviser Foreign and Corr~onwealth Office Overseas Development Administration London Dr C.N.D. Taylor Deputy Director-General of Health (Public Health) Department of Health Dr Tren-Minh-Tung Ministre de la Sante DISCUSSION GROUP B GROUPE DE DISCUSSION B CHAIRl-fAN PRESIDENt Dr H.S. Chan Principal Medical and Health Officer Government of lIong l(ong United Kingdom Royaume-unl United States of America Etats-Unis D'Aroerlque . .-
-.
Republic of Korea Republique de Coree Portugal
United States of America ~tats-Unis D'Amerique
United Kingdom Royaume':unl
Ne~·'
Zealand Nouvelle-Zelande
Viet-Nam
~:PR/R:23/TD7
p:o.'·e
15
UAPPORTEUR
Dr J.O. Tuvi Assistant Director (l1aternal and Child Health) (Department of Public Health) Mr R. Coddington
Papua New Guinea
Environmental Protection Agency San Francisco Dato (Dr) Abdul Najid bin Ismail Director-GcnerDl Ministry of Health Dr Sivakami Devi Medical Superintendent Outpatient Services Mr G.J. Dugan Manila American Embassy Dr 0.11. Silva Ferreira Director of llealth Services Macau Dr lI.M. Franklands Deputy Director-General Departmen:: of Health I
United States of America Etats-Unis D'Amerique Malaysia Malaisie Singapore Singapour Uni!ed States of America Etat5-Unis D'Amerique Porttigal
Australia Australie United States of t·merica Etats-Unis D'Amerique League of Red Cross , Societies
Dr N.
KUlllcmgai Director of Health Services Trust Territory of the" PacL:ic Islands
Mrs Ruth !-lacomber Senior Field Director The American National Red Cross Gurun Dr Leota Tautasi
~les tern
Samoa Samoa-Occidental
DISCUSSION GRCUP C GROUPE DE DISCUSSION C CI!J.\IRl ~\J:1 PRESIDEllT
Dr So Sctta 7rofcGGcur a la de H:~d::!cinc
F~culte
"Khmer RcpubJ Ie RcputHquc khr.l~rc
Ninict:;r2 do Ie Sante publiquc
paGe
HPR/RC23/TD7 16 Dr Ngucyn Tuan Phong Chef de service Service de protection materne11e et infantile Dr Truong-Minh-Cae Dirccteur general de la Sante Dr A. Cheval Directeur de 1a Sante publique .du Territoire de la Polynesie francaise Dr C. Crim Department of Ne.d~ca1.Service American Samoa Miss J.M. Johnson Office of the Deputy t.dministrator Secretary for Territorial Affairs Department of t~e Interior Dr M. Lopes Medical Inspector Portuguese Timor Health Services Mr E;J. Mareinez Senior l1ediea1 Record Officer Ministry of Health Dr R. Okamoto Deputy Head International Affairs Division Minister's Secretariat Ministry of Health and Welfare Dr H.K. Park Director of Training Department National Institute of Health Dr T. Phetsiriseng Direeteurdu Service d'llyciene et de Medecine preventive Viet-Nmu
RAPPORTEUR
I MEl-mERS MEl-lIlRES·
Viet-Nam France
United States of t.merica Etats-Unis D'Amerique United States of AmericSl "Etats-Unis D'Amerique
Portugal
~!alaysia
1<Ialaisie I
Japan Japon
Republic of Korea Repub1ique de Coree
Laos
,rPrt/RC?3/TD7
pa:;es 17/111
l-lElm:ms l-lEI13RES
Dr Pruoch Vann
--'-
Directeur General adjoint de la S1lIlte Charge des Relations exterieures du ~nnistere de 1a Sante . publique
Khmer Republic Repuhlique khmere
Dr P. Phoutthasak Directeur general du Hinistere de la Sante publique Mr Ung Su Hai Kim Teng . Hinistr~.de 1~
Sante pub1ique
Khmer Republic Republique khQcre
~-.
vlPR/RC'C3/TD7 . pa~e 15' A!'7m:x 3
EVALlL\TION QUESTIOrlNA:mE
Summalif of
ReJ?~ies
Dascd on 31 C:>mp1etcd I"prms
r-: ~
Very Usefal' "1. -
Reas:>nabl;Usefu.l
E::,.t Ut:e:':tl
Uoe!'Illness of:
. meetin(;
1.1 First
plenar~'
15 12
15 1"1
1
1.2 Gr:>up discussions 1.3 Second p1ena~/ meet1n~
19
6
.
,., t:.
1.4 Bacltgro:.tnd doc'-ments for the Tec~nica1
-
Discussions
1.5 Guidelines in facilitatin~ group discussion 2:.
.
17 14 Very
l? 1":
. ,;:>t ~ee.1i::c:·
To Some E,;ter.t ~~,
Extent of realization of:1 2.1 Objectives of the Tl3chnical l)iscl1ssions
!.1uoh '3
2.2 ...........
. Opport1.mit:r
,... . dl\ring the d1s23 7
'.
cllssi:ms to oxpress and er.chlln:;e viel'ls :f\:lly with members of the crollp
2.3 ~- .... ~
e:q,erience derived from :/o".r pnrticipation in thie tJisc:II:a1on
Learnin~
.
16 Ver~r ~!·'.:!h
l1i
.... ~
T, S..,r:e Z:rtC"lt
Did til(! "c:mtcnts of the ' t1,isc 1 lssion \r've so~e rel~',ance and ponai'..;le £I Pl'l1 r.ati 011 in your cO':.ntry s1 t'lati on? v
lIer:,' Little r,
-
7
lC
~.
-
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA !ANTf
IIEGIONAL OfFICE FOil. THE WESTEIIN PACifiC BUUAU UGIONAL OU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL
REGIONAL COMMITTEE Twenty-third Session Guam 27 September - 5 October 1972
TECHNICAL DISCUSSIONS WPR/RC23/TD8 2 October 1972 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE
Please make a check (J) of your impressions on the following items on the Technical Discussions under the appropriate columns below: Very Useful 1. What is your opinion regarding the usefulness of the following: 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 First plenary meeting Group discussions Second plenary meeting Background documents for the Technical Discussions Very Much 1.5 Did you feel that the purpose of the Technical Discussions was realized? In the discussions did you feel that everyone had an opportunity to express and exchange views fully with members of the group? Did the guidelines facilitate discussion for the groups? /1.8 Did your To Some Extent Not Realized Reasonably Useful Not Useful
1.6
1.7
...
WPR/RC23/TDB page 2 Very Much 1.8 Did your participation in this discussion afford you a learning experience? Do you feel that the contents of the discussion have some relevance and possible application in your country situation? To Some Extent Not Realized
1.9
2.
Other comments particularly suggestions on how future Technical Discussions could be further improved if necessary: