From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Annual Report 2020

From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024  F O LLOW U S O N

facebook.com/osce.org

twitter.com/OSCE youtube.com/user/osce linkedin.com/company/osce

instagram.com/osceorg

© Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 2024 All rights reserved. The report may be used in whole or in part for educational or non-profit purposes, provided that the source is properly acknowledged.

OSCE Secretariat Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities Wallnerstrasse 6 1010 Vienna, Austria

Email: pm-ceea@osce.org www.osce.org/oceea

Editor: Mary Albon Design and layout: red hot ’n’ cool

II  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Contents Abbreviations 2

Foreword 3

1. Executive Summary 4 2. Methodology 6

3. OSCE’s Added Value in Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Efforts 7 3.1 OSCE’s Holistic Anti-Corruption Approach 7

3.2 Preventing Corruption from Being Used as a Foreign Policy Tool 8

3.3 OSCE’s Approach on Gender and Corruption 9

3.4 Key Highlights of OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Efforts 12

4. Corruption Prevention Pillar 13 4.1 Promoting the Use of Open Data and Digitalization 13

5. Anti-Corruption Education Pillar 25 5.1 Involvement of Civil Society and Youth 25

6. Combating Corruption Pillar 29 6.1 Enhancing Asset Recovery Mechanisms 29

7. Living by Our Values 33

8. OSCE Key Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Publications 33

Annex 1: OSCE Commitments in the Area of Anti-Corruption and Good Governance 38

1  Abbreviations ACN Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia CoE Council of Europe CSO Civil Society Organization EAG Eurasian Group on combating money laundering and financing of terrorism EU European Union FATF Financial Action Task Force GRECO Group of States against Corruption OCEEA Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OSCE Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE PA OSCE Parliamentary Assembly SoP Standard Operating Procedure SPU Support Programme for Ukraine TNTD Transnational Threats Department UNCAC United Nations Convention against Corruption UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

2  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Foreword Corruption is one of the most pervasive and pressing issues of our time, threatening security, peace, and prosperity across the OSCE region and around the world. Preventing and combatting corruption, as well as promoting good governance, remain fundamental elements of the OSCE’s comprehensive approach to security. This progress report outlines the OSCE’s on- going efforts to translate commitments into tangible actions in fighting corruption, focusing on our work’s impact on the ground.

The negative effects of corruption are vast: it diverts the allocation of resources from essential services such as healthcare, education and infrastructure; it perpetuates Education and awareness are key components in the economic and social inequality and exacerbates gender fight against corruption. The OSCE engaged with youth inequalities; it erodes trust in institutions. Over the and civil society in targeted initiatives, aimed at fostering past two years, the OSCE, through its Secretariat, field a culture of integrity from the grassroots level. operations and institutions, has worked tirelessly to enhance transparency, promote integrity, and Combatting corruption requires strong institutions strengthen institutional capacities in fighting corruption. and trained practitioners. In the area of combating Corruption is a problem that impacts everyone, corruption, the OSCE supported numerous capacity therefore fighting it must include everyone. The OSCE building activities, focused on tracing, detecting and recognizes this and takes a whole-of-society approach prosecuting corruption. The OSCE also supported in its anti-corruption activities, considering the needs of institutions in enhancing their asset recovery men, women and youth. capabilities, ensuring that ill-gotten gains are returned to communities affected by corruption and organized Fighting corruption is a demanding and complex crime. process. This multifaceted phenomenon is entrenched across political, economic, and social spheres. Tackling Preventing and combatting corruption, and promoting corruption requires good laws and policies, but it also good governance is a continuous effort. This report requires the unwavering commitment of institutions serves as a testament of OSCE’s achievements and a and people. In the last two years, the OSCE supported its reaffirmation of its commitment to continue working participating States with a wide range of initiatives and in these areas. Together with the engagement of activities across three key pillars: prevention, education governments, civil society, and all stakeholders, the and combating corruption. OSCE is making a significant contribution to the global movement to curb corruption. In the area of prevention, the OSCE emphasized the use of open data and digitalization to enhance transparency and accountability, making it more difficult for corrupt practices to go undetected. OSCE’s efforts also focused on the prevention of money laundering, including through the use of virtual assets, and the promotion of integrity through robust corruption risk assessments. Ambassador Bakyt Dzhusupov Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities

3  1. Executive Summary This progress report provides an overview of the OSCE’s them with the tools and knowledge necessary to anti-corruption and good governance efforts during challenge unethical practices. Additionally, the 2023 and 2024. By focusing on three pillars — preven- OSCE facilitated collaboration between govern- tion, education, and combating corruption — the ment institutions and civil society organizations OSCE field operations and institutions have (CSOs) through various educational and aware- implemented over 61 anti-corruption projects, ness-raising activities. investing more than EUR 5.83 million. • Anti-Corruption Capacity-Building: the OSCE conducted over 281 capacity-building activities, The OSCE’s efforts to combat corruption and promote engaging more than 2,000 participants across good governance are an integral part of its comprehen- various regions. These included trainings and sive approach to security, which encompasses politi- workshops designed to enhance anti-corrup- co-military, economic and environmental, and human tion knowledge and practices of relevant practi- dimensions. Recognizing corruption as a cross-dimen- tioners. sional threat, the OSCE addresses its risks across all • Anti-Money Laundering: the OSCE has signifi- of the three security dimensions. Many of the OSCE’s cantly contributed to combating money launder- initiatives and activities are developed in close coop- ing by supporting participating States in strength- eration between the different field operations and in- ening their financial integrity systems, including stitutions, including initiatives that are implemented through curbing the misuse of virtual assets for cross-dimensionally. illicit activities. • Asset Recovery: the OSCE supported participat- Key achievements in the reporting period include: ing States in strengthening their mechanisms and capacities to seize, confiscate, manage and • Integrity-Building: the OSCE provided sup- re-use illegally acquired assets, aimed at improv- port to public institutions across several partic- ing their fight against transnational organized ipating States in strengthening their integrity crime and corruption. frameworks. Activities in this area included the • Regulatory Support: OSCE institutions and field development of standardized integrity planning operations delivered more than 46 regulatory mechanisms, integration of integrity measures support activities, such as assisting with legal within public procurement systems, conflicts of frameworks and developing codes of ethics. interest prevention mechanisms and the estab- lishment of Anti-Corruption Offices. Through international cooperation, capacity building, • Gender and Corruption Nexus: the progress and innovative approaches to raising awareness on the report emphasizes notable achievements in sup- negative effects of corruption on societies, the OSCE’s porting gender-sensitive anti-corruption policy anti-corruption work has contributed to stronger insti- frameworks and promoting women’s participa- tutions, enhanced transparency, and a growing culture tion in law enforcement decision-making and of accountability across its participating States. governance roles. • Anti-Corruption Education and Youth En- gagement: the progress report showcases how the OSCE empowered young people to become leaders in the fight against corruption, providing

4 5  2. Methodology The information compiled in this progress report is ried out significant work. While not all impact stories based on data submitted by the OSCE field operations could be featured, the ones that were not included and institutions that implemented anti-corruption and were taken into account in the quantitative analysis. good governance initiatives during the reporting peri- od from January 2023 to August 2024. The data was The OSCE aligns with and promotes regional and inter- collected by the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Eco- national legal frameworks, standards, and good prac- nomic and Environmental Activities through the OSCE tices, supporting participating States in implementing Anti-Corruption Focal Points, using a questionnaire key instruments such as the United Nations Conven- comprised of quantitative and qualitative questions. tion against Corruption (UNCAC), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) The impact stories featured in the progress report Anti-Bribery Convention, the Council of Europe con- were chosen from a pool of 34 submitted by the OSCE ventions, the standards set by the United Nations Anti-Corruption Focal Points. Due to limited space in Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the Istanbul the progress report, only 25 impact stories were select- Anti-Corruption Action Plan of the OECD, as well as ed, aimed at representing as many participating States recommendations set by the Financial Action Task and relevant thematic areas where the OSCE has car- Force (FATF).

6  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

3. OSCE’s Added Value in Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Efforts 3.1 OSCE’s Holistic • Decision No. 5/14 on the Prevention of Corrup- tion (Basel, 2014) Anti-Corruption Approach • Decision No.4/16 - Decision on Strengthening Good Governance and Promoting Connectivity The OSCE has adopted a comprehensive approach (Hamburg, 2016) to its anti-corruption and good governance efforts, • Decision No. 8/17 on Promoting Economic Partic- focused on three complementary and mutually rein- ipation in the OSCE Area (Vienna 2017) forcing pillars: prevention, education and combating • Decision No. 5/18 on Human Capital Develop- corruption. To illustrate the OSCE’s approach, the prog- ment in the Digital Era (Milan 2018) ress report is organized around seven thematic areas: • Decision 6/20 on Preventing and Combating Corruption through Digitalization and Increased  Prevention ü Promoting the use of open data Transparency (Tirana, 2020). and digitalization ü Preventing money laundering Building on these strategic directions, the OSCE adopts ü Promoting integrity and corruption a whole-of-society approach to anti-corruption and risk assessment good governance, guided by several key principles of ü Empowering women in the fight intervention: against corruption

• Sustainability: the OSCE interventions seek long-term results and impact;  Education ü Anti-corruption education and • Demand-driven assistance: the OSCE interven- involvement of civil society and youth tions are tailored and adapted to changing needs of stakeholders; • Cooperation and coordination: the OSCE in- terventions involve international organizations,  C  ombating ü Enhancing asset recovery Corruption capacities governments, private sector, academia and civil ü Increasing institutional capacities society. The OSCE acts as a forum for dialogue be- to combat corruption tween stakeholders.

The OSCE’s anti-corruption initiatives encompass a wide range of activities, including capacity building (training, The OSCE’s approach to anti-corruption is rooted in the study visits, mentoring, peer-to-peer networking, and 2003 Maastricht OSCE Strategy Document for the Eco- sharing good practices through conferences and sem- nomic and Environmental Dimension and several Min- inars); developing practical tools (guides, methodolo- isterial Council Decisions and Declarations, including: gies, roadmaps); and conducting needs assessments (monitoring reports, gap analyses of compliance with • Decision No. 11/04 on Combating Corruption international standards, legislative reviews). (Sofia, 2004) • Declaration on Strengthening Good Governance The OSCE also provides legislative assistance (draft- and Combating Corruption, Money-Laundering ing strategies and legal amendments) and engages and the Financing of Terrorism (Dublin, 2012) in awareness-raising efforts (information campaigns,

7  In 2024, OSCE PA Special Representative on Fighting Corruption Irene Charalambides sponsored a resolution on Preventing Corruption From Being Used as a Foreign Policy Tool, which was adopted in the Bucharest Declaration of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly.

Voting in the plenary session, 29 June 2024, Bucharest. (OSCE)

meetings with civil society and youth). These interven- cy to effectively combat corruption at all levels. These tions help build strong connections between national efforts seek to foster a greater understanding of the stakeholders and international anti-corruption organi- security threats stemming from corruption, of its det- zations or projects. rimental effects on our societies, and of its pervasive links with other forms of serious crime. The OSCE is committed to fostering a collaborative approach to countering the complex challenges of The resolution calls on international donors to perform corruption. The OSCE actively seeks and forges part- due diligence on recipient governments and organiza- nerships with a range of international organizations, in- tions, in order to avoid providing military or financial cluding UNODC, OECD, Transparency International and resources to corrupt and kleptocratic authorities and others. By joining forces in international fora and organizations controlled by them and their associates. expert working groups, as well as engaging with state The resolution also aims to involve local civil society and local authorities, civil society, the private sector, ac- organizations and human rights defenders in monitor- ademia, and think tanks, the OSCE enhances its ability ing the implementation of contracts. Furthermore, it to address corruption from multiple angles. calls on OSCE participating States to strengthen their anti-corruption infrastructure comprising of robust an- ti-corruption laws, specialized anti-corruption agencies, beneficial ownership registers, extradition treaties, as- 3.2 Preventing Corruption set recovery mechanisms, asset declaration systems, and whistleblower protection mechanisms. from Being Used as a More information on the work of the OSCE PA Special Foreign Policy Tool Representative on Fighting Corruption can be found here.

The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly (PA) Special Repre- sentative on Fighting Corruption has a key mandate to raise awareness in the OSCE PA regarding the urgen-

8  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

3.3 OSCE’s Approach on No. of beneficiaries of OSCE anti-corruption and good Gender and Corruption governance activities in South-Eastern Europe

One of the OSCE’s key priorities in its anti-corruption efforts is gender mainstreaming and empowering women in the fight against corruption. The Gender Issues Programme (GIP) within the Office of the Sec- 48.79% Women retary General (OSG) provides crucial support to an- Men 51,21% ti-corruption and good governance projects by ensur- ing the integration of gender considerations into the project activities. GIP offers expert advice to project managers on how to enhance gender mainstreaming in their programmatic efforts, ensuring that the proj- ects address gender-specific vulnerabilities and pro- OSCE staff working in anti-corruption and good mote equality. This approach strengthens the effec- governance in South-Eastern Europe tiveness of anti-corruption strategies by recognizing the diverse ways corruption affects individuals based on gender, and intersecting factors like age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and rural or urban location. 34,33%

48.79% The progress report examines Woman how gender perspec- 37,76% Women Men 51,21% Woman Men tives have been embedded in the OSCE’s initiatives in South-Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Eastern Eu- Men 65,67% rope, highlighting some of the common approaches 62,24% and good practices in the different regions.

Common approaches to integrate gender perspec- tives in anti-corruption and good governance initia- 4. Raising awareness of the impact of cor- tives undertaken by field operations in South-East- ruption on women: the projects emphasized ern Europe include: the disproportionate impact of corruption on women, particularly in terms of access to basic 1. Gender-sensitive policy frameworks: most services and participation in economic life. Re- anti-corruption initiatives implemented in the search and20% activities conducted OSCE-wise reporting period promoted the incorporation of highlighted the existence of specific forms of 37,76% in governmental anti-cor- gender perspectives corruption that target women, such as sex- Woman ruption policies and strategies. ual extortion, whereWoman sexual favours are de- 48.79% Woman 2. Engagement of women Menin decision-making manded in exchange Menfor access to resources, Men 51,21% 62,24%promot- and governance structures: projects services or goods. ed women’s participation in governance and 5. Gender mainstreaming in capacity-building decision-making bodies. This is in line with the 80% activities: gender considerations were inte- 2004 OSCE Action Plan for the Promotion of grated into training programmes, particularly in Gender Equality, which promotes women’s lead- leadership, auditing, monitoring, and policy de- ership across all the OSCE dimensions. velopment. Basic and advanced training cours- 3. Gender-balanced participation in anti-cor- es on gender mainstreaming were also run for ruption and good governance activities: most project managers and external stakeholders in projects ensured gender-balanced represen- OSCE participating States working on anti-cor- tation in trainings, workshops or consultations ruption programming. related to anti-corruption. Sixty % of staff work- ing on anti-corruption and good governance ini- These approaches contributed to concrete achieve- tiatives in the field operations Woman in South-Eastern ments and good practices in the South-Eastern Eu- Woman 48.79% Europe are women. 51,21% rope region.50% To highlight a few: 50% Men Men

9  • The introduction of a gender objective in the No. of beneficiaries of OSCE anti-corruption and good draft National Anti-Corruption Strategy in Alba- governance activities in Eastern Europe nia, aimed at strengthening women’s participa- tion to identify and fight corruption. • The development and adoption of Codes of Eth- ics at cantonal and municipal levels in Bosnia 34 and Herzegovina, including gender-sensitive Women 48.79% language and promoting equal representation Men 51,21% of women and men in ethics committees. • The focus on increasing women’s participation at all levels of policing through the Security Co-operation and Governance programme in Montenegro. • The incorporation of gender-responsive indica- tors into the monitoring and evaluation of an- OSCE staff working in anti-corruption and good ti-corruption programmes in Kosovo1. Further- governance in Eastern Europe more, GIP supported anti-corruption authorities in Pristina with advanced and specialized training courses and conducted cutting-edge research on the linkages between gender and corruption in 34,33% the access to natural resources. Woman 37,76% Women 48.79% • The balanced participation 51,21% Men of men and women Woman Men in round-table discussions and training sessions Men 65,67% in Serbia, including the recruitment of women 62,24% as experts, trainers and resource persons. • The application of gender-sensitive language to relevant internal programmatic documentation in North Macedonia, while engaging balanced participation of men and women in meetings, crete policy recommendations on integrating gender public debates, conferences and other events. perspectives in the relevant legislative framework.

In Eastern Europe, the Extra-Budgetary Support Pro- Common approaches to integrate gender perspectives gramme for Ukraine (SPU), in cooperation with the in anti-corruption20% and good governance initiatives un- National Agency on Corruption Prevention (NACP), dertaken by field operations in Central Asia include: 37,76% developed a project aimed at supporting Ukraine’s efforts to prevent corruption and enhance anti-cor- Woman 1. Promoting gender-balanced Woman participation: Woman ruption compliance. The project Men promotes the appli- during48.79% the reportingMen period, field operations en- 50 cation of gender-based approaches in NACP’s corrup- couraged equal orMen 51,21% near-equal participation of 62,24% tion-prevention and combating work, including the men and women in activities such as trainings, capacity-building of NACP’s management in gender seminars, and workshops.80% mainstreaming and gender analysis. During the re- 2. Inclusivity and gender equality standards: porting period, OCEEA commissioned an analysis of the field operations in the region upheld gender Moldova’s2, legislative framework on investigation equality standards and required partners to fol- of corruption, with a specific focus on human rights low similar guidelines. and gender dimensions. The analysis, implemented as 3. The involvement of women in digital trans- part of a project aimed to support the anti-corruption formation and governance initiatives: several efforts of the Government of Moldova, provides con- field operations highlighted digital initiatives that

1 All references to Kosovo, whether to the territory, institutions or population, in this text should be understood in full compliance with United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1244. 2 48.79% Woman The OSCE Mission to Moldova is not included in the progress report due to its specific mandate. Woman 50% 50% Men 51,21% Men 10  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

of female students in project activities to pre- No. of beneficiaries of OSCE anti-corruption and good pare future female leaders for roles in gover- governance activities in Central Asia nance. 4. Uzbekistan: promoted equal participation and active involvement of women in project activities. 5. 34,33% included equal involvement and par- Tajikistan: ticipation clauses in the memoranda of under- 48.79% Women Woman 51,21% standing and other documents signed with ben- Men Men eficiary government agencies. 65,67% Based on available data, the OSCE’s efforts to achieve increased women’s participation in anti-corruption had visible results across the different initiatives mentioned in this progress report. OSCE staff working in anti-corruption and good governance in Central Asia

No. of beneficiaries of OSCE anti-corruption and good governance activities, 2023-2024 34,33% 20% Men Women

2044 2044 2500 37,76% Women 21% Men 1586 1586

Woman 2000 Woman Men 1470 1470

2500

1332 1332 1269 1269 65,67% 1240 1240 Men 1500 Men 2000 62,24% 1000 1500 80%

306 306

298 298 225 225

207 207 500 1000 0 500 facilitate women’s access to public services or Central South- Eastern OSCE ODIHR Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat participation in governance activities. 0 Europe 4. Targeting youth and female students in an- Central Eastern South- OSCE ODIHR Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat ti-corruption activities: the field operations 50 OSCE staff workingEurope in anti-corruption 44

promoted the 20%engagement of youth, particularly and good governance female students, as potential future leaders in 40 50 44

governance. 30 23

40 Woman 20 Some of the concrete 48.79% achievements Woman Men of OSCE’s field op- Woman 30 50% 50% 11 23

4% erations in Central Asia include: Men 51,21% 10 Men 7 7

7

20 4

2 1 1

11

0 1. Kazakhstan: contributed 80%to gender balance 10 7 7

7

Central Eastern South- OSCE ODIHR 4

with regards to participants in various activi- 2

Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat 1 1

0 ties, including those organized by implementing Europe Central Eastern South- OSCE ODIHR partners. This approach contributes to the effec- Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat tiveness of anti-corruption efforts by promoting 2.500.000,00 UB ACGG Europe ExB ACGG 2.495.487,08

equal representation and active participation of 1.403.340,54

2.000.000,00 789.321,41

men and women. 2.500.000,00 UB ACGG ExB ACGG 2.495.487,08 512.866,02

2. Kyrgyzstan: contributed to gender balance 1.500.000,00 1.403.340,54

2.000.000,00 789.321,41

among project experts and participants in train- 629.573,88

1.000.000,00 512.866,02

ings and seminars. 1.500.000,00 3. Turkmenistan: increased the participation rate 500.000,00 629.573,88

Woman 1.000.000,00 50% 50% 1% Men 0,00 500.000,00 Central Eastern South- OSCE Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat 11 0,00 Europe Central Eastern South- OSCE  Europe

2.495 1.403.34 512.866,0 789.32 1.500.000,00

629.573,88 50 1.000.000,00

44 40 500.000,00

30 0,00

23 Men Woman 3.4 Key Highlights of OSCE’s Central Eastern South- OSCE

2044 2500 20 OSCE's Asia regulatory Europe support Eastern Secretariat

11 1586 2000 activities, 2023-2024 Europe 1470

Anti-Corruption and Good 10

7 7

7 1332 1269 1240

4

2 1 1500

1 0 Legal report 15 Governance 1000 Efforts Central Legal amendments Asia Eastern Europe South- OSCE 10 Eastern Secretariat ODIHR Law 6

306

298 Europe

225

207 500 In 2023-2024, OSCE invested over € 5,83 million in 61+ Decree 6 anti-corruption 0 and good governance projects, more Methodology 4 Central Eastern South- made OSCE ODIHR 2.500.000,00 UB ACGG2 Policy paper ExB ACGG

2.495.487,08 than half of the total investment in the previous Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat Legal concept 1 10 years. Of this funding, Europe 76% was sourced from ex-

1.403.340,54 2.000.000,00

789.321,41 Code of ethics 1 trabudgetary contributions, while 24% came from the

512.866,02 1.500.000,00 Index 1 Unified 50 Budget. The OSCE’s work in anti-corruption and

629.573,88 44

1.000.000,00 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 good governance was made possible through the gen- 40 erous contributions of donor participating States. Their 100 500.000,00 support has been instrumental in enabling the OSCE to ports 90 and (21) 86videos, while the collection also included 30 90 23

0,00 implement targeted programmes, provide technical as- practical 80 resources for daily use by practitioners, such 20 Central Eastern South- OSCE sistance, and promote good practices in anti-corruption as toolkits, manuals, Asia handbooks, Europe and guidebooks Eastern (12). Secretariat 11

70 across 10 the OSCE region. Europe 7 7

7

60 4

In 2023-2024, the OSCE conducted more than 2 1 1

0 50 Central Eastern South- OSCE ODIHR 281+ Legal anti-corruption report 37 and good governance related 15 40 Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat events. The majority of these events10were capaci- Legal amendments OSCE investment in anti-corruption and good and22workshops 30 Europe Law ty-building trainings 6 (62%), followed governance (Euro) 2023-2024 20 16 14 Decree by conferences, 6 study visits, roundtables, 9 and 7 10 Methodology forums (19%). 4 2.500.000,00 UB ACGG ExB ACGG 2.495.487,08

0 Policy paper 2 p g

ar

le ce

m

es t 1.403.340,54

Legal concept 1 ho

2.000.000,00 isi in 789.321,41

ab in

ru en

yp ain

yv ks

m

Fo dt

rt er or

Se

ud Tr

Code of ethics 1 un nf 512.866,02

he W

St Co

Ro 1.500.000,00

Ot Index 1 Types of anti-corruption events 629.573,88

1.000.000,00 organized 0 by2 the4OSCE 6 2023-2024 8 10 12 14 16

500.000,00 100 90 86 0,00 90 Central Eastern South- OSCE 80 Asia Europe Eastern Secretariat 70 Europe 60

Legal report 15 50 One key aspect of the OSCE’s anti-corruption and good 37 Legal amendments 10 40 governance work in 2023-2024 focused on providing Law 6 30 22 regulatory support. The OSCE field operations and in- Decree 6 20 16 14 stitutions undertook more than 46 targeted regulatory 9 Methodology 4 10 7 support activities Policy paper at regional, federal, and national lev- 2 0 els. Twenty-two Legal concept activities 1 referred to assistance in draft- p g

ar

le e

m

es t ho

isi in

nc

ab in

ing laws, legal amendments, and secondary legislation ru

yp ain

v

Code of ethics ks

re

1 m

Fo dt dy

rt fe or

Se Tr

un

he u n

(such as decrees). Other activities focused on develop- W

St

1 Co

Index Ro

Ot

ing methodologies, 0 legal 2 reports, 4 6 8policy 10 papers 12 14 and 16 a code of ethics. 100 90 86 During 90 the 2023-24 period, OSCE anti-corruption proj- ects 80 produced more than 46 publications and video ma-

terials, 70 with several featured in the dedicated section of this 60 progress report. The majority were public policy re-

50

40 37 12 30 22 20 16 14  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

4. Corruption Prevention Pillar 4.1 Promoting the Use of Open Data and Digitalization Why it matters: Corruption thrives in opaque environments, discretionary decision-making, and limited access to public information. Preventing corruption requires making governments more transparent and responsive, with open data and digitalization offering some of the best tools for this task.

Open data provides citizens and civil society with access to crucial information, enabling independent audits and analyses that can expose irregularities and the misuse of public funds. It also empowers journalists and watchdog organizations to investigate and report corruption more effectively. Additionally, open data initiatives foster collaboration between governments, business- es, and citizens, leading to co-created solutions for public sector challenges.

Ultimately, open data and digitalization drive a culture of accountability and integrity, which are essential for the preven- tion of corruption.

Impact stories on OSCE open data and digitalization

 In 2024, the OSCE Programme Of- fice in Bishkek played a key role in de- “Introducing digital tools, where appropriate, to reduce veloping the automated information administrative barriers and burdens, and facilitating system “Registration of Inspections of interaction between citizens, businesses, enterprises and Business Entities”. This system is de- public administration”. signed to prevent unjustified interfer- ence by law enforcement in business activities, strengthen legal protection Ministerial Council Decision no. 6/20 on for businesses, foster a favorable en- Preventing and Combating Corruption through vironment for investment, and reduce Digitalization and Increased Transparency (Tirana 2020) corruption risks during inspections. It also promotes greater accountability within public administration. The plat- form streamlines the recording and management of inspections by integrat- ing reports from both law enforcement and tax authorities. Entrepreneurs can now verify the legitimacy of inspection notices by scanning a QR code, ensuring that they are officially registered. The system also provides legal information about their rights during inspections and offers real-time updates on upcom- ing inspections. If an inspection appears unlawful, users can use the app to in- stantly submit photos and videos to the Participants at the closing event and award ceremony of the Central Asian Women’s prosecutor’s office. Entrepreneurship Programme, 18 April 2024, Almaty. (Media Kitchen)

13 Impact story: Open Data Marathon in Albania The Youth Datathon set out to tackle corruption and financial transpar- ency by empowering young people with the tools to decode their country’s financial landscape.

Over the course of three weeks, in June-July 2024, a diverse group of 31 stu- dents, young professionals, researchers, and data enthusiasts immersed themselves in expert led workshops and mentoring sessions. Together, they delved into the complex world of open budgets and participatory budgeting principles. The sessions taught participants how to wield the power of data to shine a light on the issues affecting their communities. Participants to #Datathon2024, 5 July 2024, Tirana. (Albanian Institute of Science) After putting the data and new tools to good use, the young people presented their findings in front of a wider audience made up of civil society, university representatives, and public institutions. They used creative visual tools that transformed dry numbers into compelling stories, bringing their findings to life in a way that everyone could understand and engage with.

“What I liked the most about this activity was its authenticity and the attention brought to important matters that impact all of us.”

Presentation of results #Datathon2024, Edmorela Myftaraj 5 July 2024, Tirana. (Albanian Institute of Datathon participant Science)

 Since 2021, the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE One inspiring participant, from Uzbekistan, left a stable Economic and Environmental Activities (OCEEA) has been career in pharmaceuticals to pursue her passion for leading a cross-regional project focused on digitalization baking. She opened Pirogovaya, an all-female bakery, with and the use of open data. As part of this initiative, from the goal of helping working mothers spend more time with February to April 2024, the OSCE supported 21 women their families. Her bakery has since thrived, serving as a entrepreneurs in enhancing their digital and business source of inspiration for other women in her community. skills. Over two months, participants took part in tailored Her success was bolstered by the OSCE Central Asian workshops, hands-on training, and mentoring sessions, Women’s Entrepreneurship Programme, which equipped where they developed crucial skills in digital tools, online her with valuable digital tools and knowledge, enabling her marketing, and business management. These skills have to expand her online presence, attract new customers, and since helped them grow and strengthen their businesses. streamline her business operations.

“What inspired me to start my own “This personalized focus ensured It’s very difficult for a woman in business was a combination of my students received tailored guidance business surrounded by men. I love of creativity, independence, and and felt supported throughout their was inspired by the thought of my dream of making a positive impact entrepreneurial journeys. In the long being a woman entrepreneur on my community. Through the OSCE run, our hope is that the connections myself and by the fact that programme, I realized what I needed and relationships they made will I can join forces with other to develop, where I have weaknesses continue to be a source of learning businesswomen and help teach and where I have strengths”. and support for their businesses”. and train other women too”.

Nilufar Ukumatshoeva Elaine Young Daria Chechenina Food florist in the Pamir region Director of InkubasiaLAB Owner of an all-female bakery

14  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

“The successful conclusion of the programme highlights the crucial role of open data in empowering civil society and the private sector as a means towards tackling the most pressing challenges. Through the implementation of innovative digital solutions at the grassroots level, this initiative serves as a compelling demonstration of the transformative potential of technology in enhancing transparency, efficiency, and cooperation in the digital ecosystem of Ukraine, and underscores the OSCE’s commitment to assisting Ukraine in its digitalization objectives.”

Ralf Ernst Deputy Co-Ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities /Head, Economic Activities

 In 2023, the Open Data Unbroken programme in zens locate nearby air-raid shelters quickly during crises, Ukraine provided small grants to support civil society (ii) assist internally displaced persons in finding jobs and organizations and the private sector in developing digital streamline compensation for destroyed housing, and (iii) solutions to address challenges related to the war. The empower farmers with data-driven insights to revitalize programme supported the development of three inno- the agricultural sector. vative digital solutions that: (i) use open data to help citi-

We provide citizens with an easy way Thanks to the program, our team The information aggregator “Plant to find nearby shelters and report was able to add a new feature to the Varieties” – “The developed tools issues with existing ones, contributing chatbot and significantly expand its enable faster and more effective to improved civil safety during capabilities. We created a new section management decisions, improving wartime. Through the program, our on compensation for destroyed the selection of plant varieties. This team manually aggregated, cleaned, housing for internally displaced enhances farm profitability and and structured data on 56,000 persons (IDPs) and enhanced the reduces the use of chemical plant registered civil protection locations, functionality for job searching. protection agents. As a result, it helping over 10,000 users locate the With the Nazar chatbot, it is now positively impacts product quality, nearest shelter during dangerous easier and faster for IDPs to find protects the natural environment, and times.” employment.” reduces the risk of bee poisoning.”

Konstantin Homma Dmytro Sergeev Oleksandr Solsky Founder of the chatbot “Where is Founder of the chatbot “Nazar” Developer of information the shelter?” aggregator “Plant Varieties” 15   The OSCE Mission in Kosovo supported the development of the 2023-2027 Digitalization Consultation with stakeholders and E-Governance Strategy in collaboration with the Agency of Information Society (AIS), IT on information officers from government institutions, and the Association of Kosovo Municipalities’ IT Collegi- technology um. Through a series of consultations, municipal officials engaged in discussions on key e-gov- services,19 June 2024, Pristina. ernance issues, the digitalization of services, and the challenges faced at the local level. These (OSCE) activities helped broaden their understanding of the e-governance framework, strategic ob- jectives, and the importance of engaging municipalities in the process. Officials also received updates on the use of e-services in municipalities and shared plans to further develop digital services, aiming to enhance governance and public service delivery through technology.

 In Canton Sarajevo, the OSCE Mission to OPEN DATA & DIGITALIZATION Bosnia and Herzegovina supported the devel- opment of the Antikorrupiks platform which hosts public registers on appointed officials, 23 events employees in the cantonal public institutions, organized in the allocated subsidies to small businesses, and OSCE region public officials’ property and assets, among oth- er. The platform enables detection of conflicts of interests, increases institutional transparen- cy, and offers a wide range of analytical options and comparisons that are important tools for all interested parties, such as journalists, re- searchers, and CSOs. 996 participants

4.2 Prevention of Money Laundering Why it matters: Perpetrators often launder illicit profits from corruption by exploiting the financial sector or using virtual assets. Money laundering conceals the origins of “dirty money,” allowing criminals to integrate it into the legal economy. To combat corruption effectively, it is crucial to close loopholes in the financial system, especially in today’s digitalized world.

Strengthening anti-money laundering measures disrupts the flow of illegal funds, making corruption less profitable. However, virtual assets, such as cryptocurrencies, pose new challenges for tracking financial transactions and hiding wealth. Effective regulation helps prevent their misuse for money laundering, terrorism financing, or sanctions evasion, while enhancing financial transparency.

A well-regulated financial and digital asset system deters criminals, protects the integrity of the financial sector, and supports global efforts to curb corruption and promote economic stability.

16  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Impact story: OSCE helped the National Bank of Georgia to develop the first licensing regime for Virtual Assets Service Providers

In 2024, OCEEA successfully assist- ed the National Bank of Georgia in establishing the country’s first licensing regime for Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs). VASPs include businesses or individuals that offer services related to virtual assets, such as cryptocurrency ex- changes, wallet providers, as well as platforms that facilitate the buying, selling, or transfer of digital assets. OSCE facilitated a workshop to strengthen Georgia’s regulations of Virtual Asset This timely initiative addresses the Service Providers, 21 July 2023, Tbilisi. (OSCE/Kurban Babayev) rapid global rise of virtual assets and cryptocurrencies, which present both opportunities and challenges, “With the assistance of the OSCE and involvement of highly qual- particularly in the fight against fi- ified experts, several guidelines are being developed to facilitate nancial crime. By aligning Georgia effective monitoring of virtual assets transactions, to address the with international anti-money laun- challenges in this emerging sector and to strengthen the overall dering (AML) and counter-terrorist AML/CFT supervision framework in the country. Given the novelty financing (CTF) standards, the new of oversight in this area globally and the scarcity of guidelines, the regime enhances the country’s abil- support from the OSCE is particularly important.” ity to safeguard its financial system from illicit actors. Eka Goglidze More data here on the OSCE virtual Head of International Sanctions Implementation and Inspection assets project. and Offsite Supervision of Virtual Asset Service Providers Division, National Bank of Georgia

VIRTUAL ASSETS MONEY LAUNDERING

17 events 19 events organized in the organized in the OSCE region OSCE region

305 618 participants participants

17  4.3 Promoting integrity and Corruption risk assessment Why it matters: Corruption thrives in environments where integrity is lacking, ethical standards are weak, and there is no open discussion about acceptable behaviour. When misdemeanours go unrecognized or unpunished, it blurs the line between right and wrong, creating an environment where corruption becomes widespread, and individuals feel entitled to act without accountability.

Promoting integrity and conducting corruption-risk assessments are essential tools in the OSCE’s anti-corruption and good governance efforts, as they address vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Integrity initiatives establish ethical standards that guide public officials and private sector actors towards transparent and accountable behaviour. These efforts also build public trust, as citizens see institutions actively upholding ethical principles.

Corruption risk assessments identify areas most vulnerable to corrupt practices, allowing organizations to implement specific measures to mitigate these risks. They provide data-driven insights that inform policy decisions and help allocate resources effectively to address high-risk areas.

Impact story: OSCE Strengthens Integrity Planning Mechanism in Kosovo

Delegation from the Agency for Prevention of Corruption in Kosovo in a study visit in Slovenia,7 March 2024, Ljubljana. (OSCE)

In 2023-2024, the OSCE Mission in Kosovo supported Kosovo’s Agency for Prevention of Corruption (APC) in strengthening the Integrity Planning Mechanism and improving the implementation of whistleblower protection and conflict of interest laws. To enhance whistleblower protection and prevent conflicts of interest, the Mission facilitated a series of workshops and training sessions for public officials.

The Mission also helped develop a standardized integrity plan template and a guideline for monitoring and reporting on its implementation. These tools were disseminated during workshops with representatives from 112 agencies and institutions.

To further enhance the APC’s capacity to hold institutions accountable for their integrity plan commitments, the Mission organized a study visit for APC officials to the Slovenia Commission for the Prevention of Corruption, a recognized leader in integrity oversight and reporting.

18  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Impact stories on OSCE initiatives to promote integrity

 The OSCE Mission to Serbia supports Ministry of Inte- rior (MoI) to enhance police accountability

Through 2023, the OSCE Mission to Serbia supported the MoI to organize five seminars on assets declaration for police as part of preventive anti-corruption measures. These seminars aimed to address legal responsibility of police officers to report their property, as well as obliga- tion of the MoI’s Sector for Internal Control to monitor the changes in the assets registry. Efforts to enhance preventive measures against corruption within the po- lice continued in 2024.

INTEGRITY

2 events on asset declarations

279 participants

9 events on corruption risk assessment

494 participants

Seminar on asset declarations in Nis. (OSCE) 19   The OSCE supported Ukraine to regulate lobbying. The OSCE “The law opens up the lobbying market in Ukraine and participated in the working group should create a culture of virtuous influence. I would like convened by the parliamentary to note that this market already existed, but it was in the committee to improve the draft shadows, which created the basis for corruption risks. law. The working group carried From now on, businesses can enter into contracts with out a series of consultations with lobbyists to promote their interests, and the activities of civil society, legal community, people who will transparently lobby for the commercial in- state authorities, and prepared terests of individuals and legal entities will be regulated” a well-structured document that was adopted by the Parliament and promulgated by the President. Viktor Pavlushchyk Head of the National Agency for Corruption Prevention

Impact story: Supporting Parliaments in the OSCE region to develop and adopt Codes of Ethics The OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) supports national parliaments in OSCE “The Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic is participating States in developing parliamentary integ- strengthening its integrity framework and has rity systems. During the reporting period, ODIHR pro- drafted a Code of Ethics. This study visit of Kyrgyz vided assistance to the Jogorku Kenesh of Kyrgyzstan, Members of Parliament to the UK Parliament was the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova and the Verk- extremely useful, as we had a chance to discuss hovna Rada of Ukraine in drafting parliamentary Codes the well-established system of Westminster with of Ethics. As a result, two parliaments (Moldova and the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards of Ukraine) have drafted a Code of Ethics, and one parlia- the UK and debate practices that can be adapted ment (Kyrgyzstan) has adopted such a Code. ODIHR’s to our national context”. support has included drafting legal opinions, facilitating dialogue between parliamentary political parties, pre- senting ODIHR’s analysis and practices in the OSCE re- Cholpon Sultanbekova gion to relevant parliamentary committees, and organiz- Chairperson of the Committee for Constitutional ing a study visit of a parliamentary working group from Legislation, State Structure, Judicial and Legal Issues Kyrgyzstan to the UK Parliament. and RegulationsJogorku Kenesh of Kyrgyzstan

 In 2023, the OSCE Mission to Skopje supported three municipalities in North Macedonia in implementing 38 events on integrity measures aimed at reducing opportunities for integrity corruption, enhancing transparency, and modernizing processes. These efforts not only improved efficiency but also elevated the quality of public service delivery. The project also addressed various elements of the integrity system, including: conflict of interest prevention, ethical behavior, human resources management, public sector quality standards, whistleblower protection, gender equality, transparency, accountability, and efficiency. 743 participants

20 One of the training-of-trainers sessions for public procurement officials organized with the support of the OSCE Presence in Albania, 20 March 2023, Tirana. (OSCE)

 In October 2023, the OSCE Presence in Albania concluded a three-year project to strengthen capacities and increase transparency of the public procurement system in Albania. The project activities included independent research to map corruption risks and propose anti-corruption measures in targeted public procurement sectors, in consultation with CSOs. Additionally, the project provided technical expertise to the Albanian School of Public Administration and the Public Procurement Agency to develop a multi-module curriculum on public procurement and create a new pool of trainers. The Presence also delivered specialized training activities on prosecution and adjudication of procurement offences to judges and prosecutors.

 The OSCE also supported key reforms that enhanced integrity frameworks: merit-based promotion of police in North Macedonia, development of disciplinary codes and procedures for internal investigations for Armenian police, delivering training on conflict management in Ukraine, and integrity training programme for political advi- sors in ministerial cabinets in Albania.

4.4 Empowering Women to Fight Corruption Why it matters: Corruption disproportionately affects women and prevents the achievement of gender equality. Corruption exacerbates gender disparities, increases or at least perpetuates social inequalities in accessing health and education services, resources and income distribution, and poses a major obstacle to women gaining full access to their civil, social and economic rights. Corruption contributes to increasing social, cultural, political and institutional discrimination against women in the everyday life.

Empowering women is a crucial strategy for preventing corruption. It leads to more inclusivity and diversity in decision- making processes, thus contributing to a more balanced governance. Studies have shown that when women are in leadership roles, there is often a stronger emphasis on ethics, transparency, and accountability3. Women’s empowerment contributes to reducing gender disparities in access to resources, reducing vulnerability to exploitation and corruption. Empowering women in law enforcement, judiciary, and anti-corruption agencies brings different perspectives and approaches to combating corrupt practices.

Gender-sensitive policies and women’s involvement in community monitoring increase oversight and discourage corrupt behavior. Moreover, women’s empowerment fosters stronger civic participation, as empowered women are more likely to report corruption and advocate for reform. This not only curbs corruption but also promotes a fairer, more equitable society.

3 For an in-depth discussion: Kubbe, Ina, and Ortrun Merkle, eds. Norms, Gender and Corruption. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.

21  The 68th annual Commission on the Status of Women (CSW68) was the UN’s largest annual gathering on gender equality and women’s empowerment.

Impact story: No Woman’s Land: Unpacking the Nexus and Finding Solutions on Gender, Corruption and Access to Natural Resources

On 13 March 2024, OSG/GIP co-hosted a side event titled “No Woman’s Land: Unpacking the Nexus and Finding Solutions on Gender, Corruption, "Corruption is not and Access to Natural Resources” alongside Italy and Ireland at the 68th gender-neutral; it Commission on the Status of Women (CSW68) in New York. disproportionately affects women. This is The event brought together international experts, civil society leaders, why we need targeted, and academics, providing a platform to explore how corruption and gender-responsive gender intersect, particularly in the context of women’s access to natural policies. It’s time resources. Discussions focused on the political, environmental, social, and to unlock women’s economic impacts of corruption, emphasizing how it disproportionately potential in fighting affects women. corruption and remove the barriers that stand The event also featured the presentation of the ground-breaking research in their way to full on “Gender and Corruption in Access to Natural Resources: Preliminary empowerment. Findings.” This report explores how women’s economic empowerment and participation in decision-making are hindered by corruption in four key sectors: water, land, forestry, and extractive industries. Helga Maria Schmid Former OSCE Secretary Participants examined the pervasive nature of corruption in various General contexts, including peace and mediation efforts and humanitarian settings. High-level speakers and practitioners stressed the importance of integrating women into decision-making processes, especially in humanitarian situations and negotiations over critical resources like water and land.

22  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Impact stories on OSCE activities empowering women against corruption

Participants in the workshop on gender- related ethical dilemmas, diversity, and inclusion within police work in North Macedonia, 27-30 June 2023, Ohrid. (OSCE)

 In 2023, the OSCE Mission to Skopje  To enhance the knowledge of public institution em- organized a workshop focused on gen- ployees at both central and local levels, the OSCE Mission der-related ethical dilemmas, diversity, to Skopje in collaboration with the State Commission and inclusion within police work, empha- for Prevention of Corruption, developed an e-learning sizing their importance for leadership and course on the gender dimensions of corruption. This integrity. Twenty-nine mid- and senior-level course is available on the Commission’s website. The police managers attended the workshop. It training builds on the Mission’s pioneering work in ana- highlighted the critical role of middle man- lyzing gender aspects of corruption in North Macedonia. agement in upholding ethical standards The Mission also promoted its findings at online events and increasing awareness of gender-sensi- with key stakeholders and advocated for legal reforms to tive policies and approaches. classify sexual extortion as a form of corruption.

 In August 2024, the OSCE Mission in Kosovo sup- ported the municipality of Obiliq / Obilić in organizing a workshop for village political representatives and women activists. The goal was to encourage active participation of women in the budgeting process. Discussions centered on the role of village represen- tatives in budget planning and how they can contrib- ute to gender-responsive budgeting. Participants also explored ways to identify the specific needs of women in their communities and incorporate these Workshop for villate political representatives and women needs into proposed investment projects. activists, 22 August 2024, Obiliq/Obilić. (OSCE)

“The primary objective of the Mission’s activities has been to enhance the capacities of local women so that they could effectively address the challenges in their envi- ronment and lobby with the municipal administration for change”

Biljana Nastovska Gender Advisor at the OSCE Mission in Kosovo.

23  OSCE SPU Gender Advisor Paul Fraleigh presents the Gender Equality Policy in the Media Content to media stakeholders, 14 August 2024, Kyiv. (OSCE/Kostyantyn Chernichkin)

 In 2024, the OSCE’s Extra-Budgetary Support Pro- avoiding sexism, and offers ‘dos and don’ts’ for cover- gramme for Ukraine backed the development of the ing gender-based and conflict-related sexual violence. Gender Equality Policy in Media Content in Ukraine, This document equips Ukrainian media professionals a comprehensive set of standards aimed at promot- with the tools to challenge stereotypes, uphold gender ing gender equality and mainstreaming in the media. equality, and contribute to the protection of women’s The policy outlines key principles for the fair repre- and men’s rights. Watch the video from the launch event sentation of men and women, provides guidance on here.

GENDER MAINSTREAMING AND CORRUPTION

12 events organized in the OSCE region

614 participants

24  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

5. Anti-Corruption Education Pillar 5.1 Involvement of Civil Society and Youth Why it matters: Escaping the corruption trap requires a change in attitudes and behavior. Corruption is more likely to diminish when citizens are aware of their rights, understand acceptable conduct, and refuse to tolerate or accept corrupt practices. Youth, in particular, are open to new approaches and eager to improve their societies. This makes anti- corruption education and the involvement of civil society and youth essential for fostering a culture of integrity.

Teaching young people about the dangers and consequences of corruption equips future leaders with the values needed to resist and challenge unethical practices. Youth activism brings fresh perspectives and innovative solutions, often using technology and social media for advocacy. Civil society plays a critical role in ensuring that anti-corruption efforts extend beyond government initiatives. Organizations act as watchdogs, monitoring government actions, demanding transparency, and reducing opportunities for corruption. Engaging communities in anti-corruption campaigns increases public pressure for reform and strengthens civic responsibility.

Education empowers citizens to recognize, report, and resist corrupt behavior, promoting a more accountable society. This broad participation supports democratic processes and ensures sustainable, community-driven anti-corruption measures. Ultimately, these efforts help build a society where integrity is the norm, not the exception.

Impact stories on OSCE’s work with civil society and youth

 The OSCE Programme Office in Astana, in collaboration A standout feature was the contest simulating real-life with the Public Association “Jastar Alauy”, organized the corruption cases, which encouraged participants to identi- “Youth Against Corruption” case challenge in Kazakhstan. fy corrupt practices and propose solutions. This hands-on Through engaging activities, panel discussions, and interac- approach not only educated but also inspired young people tive contests, the event empowered young people to take an to become champions of integrity in their own communities. active role in combating corruption, aligning with national efforts to foster a culture of transparency and accountability.

“The enthusiasm that these young people bring to the fight against corruption is truly inspiring, and it shows that they understand the vital role that they play in shaping the future of our country”.

Miras Kargabay Head of the Preventive Services Department of the Anti-Corruption Agency of Kazakhstan. The participants of “Youth Against Corruption” event during the case discussion. (OSCE/ Akbota Sarzhanova)

25 Impact story: Using the power of formal and informal education in Kyrgyzstan to educate youth on the dangers of being involved in corruption and criminal activities

In 2023, the OSCE, through a joint TNTD-OCEEA project, contributed to shaping the future of Kyrgyzstan by “We are proud to have created, with OSCE’s empowering its youth to stand against corruption support, a curriculum that equips young and crime. Through the development and launch of a people with the knowledge and tools to groundbreaking educational curriculum, 2,000 schools champion the rule of law and integrity across Kyrgyzstan are now equipped to educate 800,000 throughout Kyrgyzstan” schoolchildren on the risks and consequences of engaging in criminal and corrupt activities. This transformative programme aims to nurture a new generation grounded Kyialbek Akmatov in integrity, respect for the law, and commitment to justice. Head of the School Education Policy Department of the Ministry of Education and Science of Kyrgyzstan. Beyond the classroom, the OSCE’s reach extended even further. A powerful crime prevention and integrity campaign, featuring some of Kyrgyzstan’s most influential “From a young age, I knew I could achieve voices—bloggers, athletes, and activists—engaged 1.5 success through my own merit, without million young people. These leaders shared personal relying on nepotism or bribes. Many take stories of resilience, highlighting their commitment to dishonest paths out of desperation, but this honesty and community. Their message? A brighter future only holds us all back. Real change begins can only be built on the foundations of lawfulness and with zero tolerance for corruption and integrity. dishonesty” Through initiatives like this, the OSCE is not just addressing today’s challenges but also laying the groundwork for a future where Kyrgyzstan’s youth lead with integrity, Aigerim Akylbekova fostering a society built on transparency, justice, and hope. Prominent Kyrgyz journalist and activist.

Influencers involved in the awareness raising campaign on youth crime prevention in Kyrgyzstan (Media Kitchen). From left to right: Meerim Tolopbergen, blogger; Aidana Otorbaeva, football player; Urmat Borchenov, TV host; Samat Adbyrahmanov, boxer

26   In 2023 and 2024, to strengthen the cul- ture of dialogue in public service and mean- ingful engagement with civil society, the OSCE’s Extra-Budgetary Support Programme for Ukraine, together with the Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine devel- oped a training course for public officials on civic participation mechanisms in pub- lic policy process.

“We realized that this course could become a stand- Sixty civil servants from central-level execu- alone product with a lasting impact and the potential tive authorities participated in the training, to multiply its effect. Various communities have already where they explored the core principles, benefitted from this course. For example, a pilot project international standards, and national reg- to establish local councils for accessibility is underway.” ulatory frameworks governing public con- sultations. They also learned about various formats for conducting these consultations, Diana Protsenko equipping them with the skills to foster more Lawyer; trainer in consensus practices and a member of the effective interactions with communities and National Association of Mediators stakeholders.

ANTI-CORRUPTION EDUCATION AND INVOLVEMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND YOUTH

11 events on 4 events on youth and anti-corruption anticorruption education

2904 91 participants participants

12 events on civil society participation

2431 participants 27   In 2023 and 2024, the OSCE Mission to Serbia, in co-operation with the National Youth Council of Serbia, organized three seminars for participants from various youth organizations. The seminars were designed as an introductory guide to anti- corruption and government transparency, and covered topics such as understanding of corruption and its societal impact, domestic and international legal frameworks, policies and standards, different forms of corruption, access to public information, legal protection of whistle-blowers and the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in the fight against corruption.

Seminar for participants from various youth organizations, 20 June 2024, Sombor. (OSCE)

Other noteworthy OSCE initiatives are the Essay com- training sessions, workshops, or forums to em- petition in North Macedonia 2023 and the Joint Decla- power CSOs and the private sector with knowl- ration on Freedom of Expression and Democracy, 2023. edge on transparency, compliance, and good governance. The OSCE field operations and institutions employed • Participation of civil society in policy-level several measures to engage with civil society in differ- activities. OSCE projects engaged civil society in ent participating States: formal discussions on policy reforms, legislation, and recommendations for governance improve- • Consultation and partnership with civil soci- ments. ety organizations. Many OSCE projects actively • Collaboration with the private sector for eth- involved CSOs in discussions, policy develop- ical practices and compliance. Private sector ment, and implementation of anti-corruption collaboration aimed at fostering a culture of in- and good governance measures. tegrity through joint initiatives like public-private • Capacity building and training initiatives for dialogues and compliance training. civil society. In some projects, OSCE conducted

28  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

6. Combating Corruption Pillar 6.1 Enhancing Asset Recovery Mechanisms Why it matters: Corruption is a calculated crime pursued for material gain, with perpetrators often fearing the loss INTEGRITY of their profits more than a prison sentence. Seizing and confiscating ill-gotten assets disrupts criminal networks by dismantling the financial structures that support them. It also deters future corruption by increasing the 33 events likelihood that stolen assets will be traced and confiscated. International cooperation plays a key role, making it harder for corrupt actors to hide their wealth across borders.

Recovering assets also restores public trust by demonstrating that stolen wealth can be returned to societies for public benefit. Repatriated assets can be reinvested into development projects and essential public services. Asset recovery reinforces the rule of law, showing 292 that crime does not pay and that justice can hold offenders participants accountable.

Impact story: Strengthening Asset Recovery Efforts in the OSCE Region

The OSCE and the Special Representative to the Chairperson-in-Office The side event “ Asset Recovery Speed Dating: 18 on Combatting Corruption Anita Ramasastry held a side event on asset Countries in One Hour” focused on the findings recovery at the 21st International Anti-Corruption Conference. of the report “Good practices in asset recov- ery legislation in selected OSCE participating States”. This comparative report outlines estab- lished good practices and identifies innovative legal provisions that may serve as inspiration for other states in advancing their asset recovery mechanisms. The workshop panel included ex- perts from the OSCE, the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the Basel Institute on Governance as well as a practi- tioner’s perspective from Italy and a civil society contribution from Romania. The OSCE’s Asset Recovery work is cross-dimensional, leveraging mandates and tools to help participating States tackle the financial aspects of crime and the links between organized crime and corruption. More Speakers and participants at the OSCE side information on the OSCE asset recovery project event,18 June 2024, Vilnius. (OSCE) can be found here.

29  6.2 Enhancing Institutional Capacities to Combat Corruption Why it matters: Effective corruption prevention is undermined if deterrence is not equally strong. If anti-corruption prosecutions fail to secure convictions and confiscate illicit gains, perpetrators will feel emboldened to continue abusing power, despite public discontent. Thus, a strong track record of prosecuting corruption sends a clear message that corrupt behavior will not be tolerated and will be met with consequences. This also serves as a powerful tool for deterrence, making corruption a high-risk, low-reward activity. It builds public trust in institutions by showing that laws are applied fairly and consistently, regardless of an individual’s position or influence. It encourages whistleblowers to come forward, knowing that their reports can lead to tangible outcomes. A credible anti-corruption track record boosts a country’s reputation, attracting more foreign investment and enhancing economic stability. Successful convictions and confiscations recover stolen public resources, which can be redirected to critical areas such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure.

Impact story: The report “From Paper to Practice: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Judicial Response to serious Organized Crime and Corruption in the Western Balkans”

The report was developed within the Regional Trial Monitoring Project funded by the European Union and implemented by the OSCE field operations in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Monte- negro and North Macedonia. As of July 2024, Serbia also joined. The project's methodology, drawing on ODIHR’s Trial Monitoring Manual and drawing on the extensive experience of OSCE field operations in monitoring organized crime and corruption cases, encompasses trial monitoring from the confirma- tion of indictment to the final and binding verdict. In addition to attending hearings, trial monitoring Project Manager, OMiK, DHRC/LJS Kahramon Sanginov teams examined judicial acts and media clippings presenting the Report’s findings and recommendations. and conducted an extensive legal analysis of the observed issues. The teams also held consultations with judicial stakeholders and organized both local “The OSCE report was done very thoroughly, and regional discussion forums, providing an oppor- diagnosed the main problems of the proceedings tunity for judges and prosecutors to discuss some of before the courts in Montenegro, and provided the most pressing legal matters. good solutions to overcome them. The cooperation of the Special State Prosecution and the OSCE, The report presents key findings identified in the along with the assistance provided by the studious period from July 2021 to March 2024. To remedy and expert analyses of the current situation in challenges related to the independence of judiciary, the judiciary, are of great importance for the trial management, sanctioning policy, quality of ju- improvement of the judicial system and an effective dicial acts, financial investigations and asset forfei- fight against corruption”. ture, the report introduced a comprehensive set of targeted and actionable recommendations direct- ed towards the judiciary. A Factsheet with the main Vladimir Novović findings and recommendations is available here. Chief Special Prosecutor of Montenegro

30 Impact story: Training course on investigative techniques and international cooperation in corruption cases

he OCEEA’s training course in July 2024 had a powerful im- pact on advanced-level practitioners from Moldova’s an- “We need training courses such as ti-corruption institutions. The course combined theoretical this to help us develop our skills and insights, real-life case studies, practical exercises, and inter- exchange experiences with colleagues national good practices to equip participants with critical from other countries”. new skills and knowledge essential for combating corrup- tion. The training was implemented within the framework of the project “Supporting Anti-Government Efforts of the Training participant testimony Government of Moldova”.

Participants benefited from the expertise of their counterparts in Italy and Romania, gaining valuable insights into innovative investigative techniques and the effective Participants in the OCEEA training on anti- use of international cooperation tools in the investigation corruption investigative techniques,5 July 2024, Chisinau. (OSCE) of corruption.

Impact stories on OSCE activities to support the fight against corruption Participants at the round table on the amendments of the Law on Organization and Jurisdiction of State Authorities in combating organized crime, terrorism and corruption, 15- 16 November 2023, Belgrade. (OSCE/Milan Obradovic)

 In 2023, the OSCE Mission to Serbia closely moni- of Justice, established a dedicated working group to tored the implementation of the Law on Organization draft amendments to the law. These amendments, and Jurisdiction of State Authorities in combating or- informed by the OSCE's recommendations and key ganized crime, terrorism and corruption, engaging in priorities, aim to significantly enhance the efficiency direct discussions with police, prosecutors, and judges of corruption investigations, prosecutions, and court to address operational challenges. As a result of these proceedings. efforts, the Mission with the consent of the Ministry

31   The OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina has been in- Press strumental in supporting the es- conference tablishment of the independent of Canton Sarajevo ACO Anti-Corruption Offices (ACOs) regarding across all cantons in the Federa- promotion tion of Bosnia and Herzegovina of the public registries (FBiH). Regarding the institution- on data al framework and the establish- collection. (OSCE) ment of specialized, independent ACOs, the Mission, alongside its partners from the EU Delega- tion and US Embassy, facilitated the creation of cantonal ACOs in Una-Sana, Posavina, Tuzla Canton, All ACOs Zenica-Doboj, and Canton 10 and workshop on most recently in Bosnia-Podrinje data collection and analysis. Canton. Including Sarajevo Can- (OSCE) ton, there are now seven canton- al ACOs in BiH. Together with the Agency for Prevention of Corrup- tion and Coordination and Brcko District ACO, they form the insti- tutional backbone for corruption prevention in the country. The ACOs undertake activities such as data collection, analysis, and re- ACO Una- Sana Canton porting of corrupt activities to au- Opening thorities and promotion of the fair Ceremony. (OSCE) and equal enforcement of laws to bolster public trust in the govern- ment.

ANTI-CORRUPTION CAPACITY BUILDING

51 events

2020 participants

32  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

7. Living by Our Values Integrity is one of the core values of the OSCE. The Or- est in different organizational processes and retaliation ganization’s commitment to prevent and fight fraud and against whistleblowers. corruption is reflected in the design and support of pol- icies, procedures, and measures to ensure against mis- Integrity is also one of the values in focus of competen- use of authority for private gain. cy-based interviewing of candidates for OSCE posts, as well as regular performance review of staff. The OSCE enforces an internal Code of Conduct that outlines acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. Fail- The OSCE organizes regular sessions to educate em- ure to comply with the Code may constitute misconduct ployees about policies and procedures, proactively ad- warranting disciplinary action. OSCE policies also in- dressing the possibility of non-compliance through lack clude provisions that safeguard against conflict of inter- of awareness.

8. OSCE Key Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Publications

The report examines how women’s economic empowerment and participation in decision- making are affected by corrupt practices in four sectors: water, land, forestry and extractive industries.

33  The study identifies legislative mechanisms in OSCE participating States that empower the state to confiscate suspected or proven proceeds of crime.

The report is based on a review of judiciary performance in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro and North Macedonia in four main areas: fairness, efficiency, capacity and judicial tools. The performance was assessed by monitoring 264 organized crime and corruption cases involving 4164 hearings held between July 2021 and March 2024.

The “Toolkit for Start-Ups” provides guidelines on establishing and developing start-ups in Albania, covering legal, institutional, and financial aspects.

34  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

The Guidebook on the Procedure for Whistle-blowers Protection is designed for training and use by individuals who are authorized to receive whistleblower reports in North Macedonia. It is divided into five thematic chapters, providing a brief overview of the legal regulations and by-laws concerning whistleblower protection in North Macedonia. It explains the procedures for receiving reports from whistleblowers, outlines the responsibilities and actions of authorized individuals within public institutions, and details the forms and processes in place to ensure whistleblower protection. The guide includes illustrative examples of whistleblower cases from an international context, as well as developed potential scenarios for handling similar situations.

ODIHR Assessment of Legislative Functioning of Bosnia and Herzegovina Parliaments

Manual for journalists on how to cover an electoral campaign in Montenegro

35  Corruption Risk Assessment of the Judiciary in North Macedonia

ODIHR Public Ethics and Integrity Toolkit: Guidelines for Parliaments

Guidelines on Democratic Lawmaking for Better Laws

36  From Commitment to Action: OSCE’s Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Report 2023-2024

Video: personal story from Aigerim Akylbekova on Video: pilot lesson on the curriculum on Youth corruption (Youth Crime Prevention project) Crime Prevention (Youth Crime Prevention project)

Video: Public Service Announcement on democratic Video: “Feel Justice” JustConf-2023, Ukraine, oversight of security sector in Armenia November 2023

Video: Justice in Ukraine during the war: Video: Digital Empowerment: Central Asian problems of considering corruption and war crimes Women’s Entrepreneurship Programme Concludes in Ukraine, December 2023 Successfully

37  Annex 1: OSCE Commitments in the Area of Anti-Corruption and Good Governance The 1999 Charter for European Security is the first implementation and effective enforcement through OSCE document that makes a reference to corruption, exchanges of experience and good practices at the re- recognizing it as a threat to the OSCE’s shared values. gional, subregional and national levels and providing Participating States pledged to strengthen their efforts advice and training in cooperation with other relevant to combat corruption and the conditions that foster it, organizations. and to promote a better use of existing international instruments. The Charter also sets the ground for the The 2014 Ministerial Council Decision on Corrup- OSCE’s work with civil society organizations in the fight tion Prevention (Basel) encourages participating against corruption. States to develop and implement preventive anti-cor- ruption legislation and policies; adopt and strengthen The 2003 Strategy Document for Economic and En- systems that prevent conflicts of interest; foster the in- vironmental Dimension (Maastricht) aims to advance volvement of civil society organizations; establish and the OSCE’s efforts to promote good public and private enhance systems of public procurement; and facilitate sector governance and combat corruption. The Strat- asset recovery. egy calls upon participating States to ratify and imple- ment existing anti-corruption instruments and develop The 2016 Ministerial Council Decision on Strength- long-term anti-corruption strategies. ening Good Governance and Promoting Connectivi- ty (Hamburg) encourages participating States to adhere The 2004 Ministerial Council decision on Combat- to international standards, including the OECD Conven- ing Corruption (Sofia) encourages OSCE participat- tion on and FATF Recommendations; to exchange best ing States to sign and ratify the UNCAC as well as to practices and contribute to good public and corporate fully implement the Convention. This Decision entails governance; tasks OSCE executive structures, including concrete provisions with regards to the responsibili- field operations, to contribute to enhancing coopera- ties of the OSCE Secretariat and the OCEEA in the fight tion between participating States, the private sector against corruption. It tasks the OCEEA, upon request and civil society in strengthening good governance, of the OSCE participating States to “provide support promoting transparency and improving the business in mobilizing technical assistance, including necessary and investment climate. expertise and resources, in the ratification or/and the implementation of UNCAC”. The 2017 Ministerial Council Decision on Promoting Economic Participation in the OSCE Area (Vienna) In the 2012 Ministerial Council Declaration on recognizes that more effective prevention of corrup- Strengthening Good Governance and Combating tion and the promotion of good governance reinforce Corruption, Money-Laundering and the Financing trust in public institutions, improve corporate social re- of Terrorism (Dublin) the participating States reiterat- sponsibility and thereby promote economic participa- ed “that good governance at all levels is fundamental to tion. The Decision also acknowledges the importance economic growth, political stability, and security.” They of the active participation of the private sector, includ- tasked OSCE Secretariat/OCEEA, at their request, with ing small and medium-sized enterprises, trade unions, providing support, including the mobilization of tech- civil society and media, in preventing and combating nical assistance, developing and/or harmonizing their corruption. national anti-corruption legislation, ensuring practical

38 The 2018 Ministerial Council Decision on Human tion, exchange of information and sharing of best prac- Capital Development in the Digital Era (Milan) en- tices in the area of preventing and combating corrup- courages the participating States to promote efforts tion through digitalization. against corruption in the education and training sec- tors, as well as open, equal and corruption-free access On the side event of the Ministerial Council 2023 in Sko- to education, digital skills and training opportunities. pje, five Ministers of Foreign Affairs from South-East- The Decision acknowledges that human capital de- ern Europe signed the Joint Statement on Combating velopment, including in the digital context, positively Corruption in South-Eastern Europe through Asset contributes to making economies and societies more Recovery and the Use of Digitalization. This State- resilient to corruption. ment underscores the Region’s determination to work together to investigate and prosecute corruption. The 2020 Ministerial Council Decision on Prevent- ing and Combating Corruption through Digitaliza- tion and Increased Transparency (Tirana) recognizes the importance of open government data as a tool that can help to prevent and combat corruption by increas- ing accountability and transparency, allowing citizens to better monitor the use of public funds. The Decision also encourages participating States to make the best use of the OSCE as a platform for dialogue, coopera-

39 Annual Report 2020