Judgment of the General Court (Sixth Chamber, Extended Composition) of 12 July 2023.#IFIC Holding AG v European Commission.#Commercial policy – Protection against the effects of the extraterritorial application of legislation adopted by a third country – Restrictive measures taken by the United States against Iran – Secondary sanctions preventing natural or legal persons of the European Union from having commercial relationships with undertakings targeted by those measures – Prohibition on complying with such legislation – Second paragraph of Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 2271/96 – Commission decision authorising a legal person of the European Union to comply with that legislation – Obligation to state reasons – Retroactive effect of authorisation – Account taken of the interests of the undertaking targeted by the restrictive measures of the third country – Right to be heard.#Case T-8/21.