Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 8 September 2022.#Finanzamt R v W-GmbH.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesfinanzhof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Value added tax (VAT) – Directive 2006/112/EC – Article 2(1), Article 9(1), Article 167 and Article 168(a) – Deduction of input tax – Definition of ‘taxable person’ – Holding company – Expenditure linked to a shareholder contribution in kind to its subsidiaries – No contribution of expenditure to the general costs – Subsidiaries’ activities largely tax-exempt.#Case C-98/21.